pratyaya प्रत्यय
Definition: affix, suffix, a termination, as contrasted with प्रकृति the base; cf. प्रत्याय्यते अर्थः अनेन इति प्रत्ययः; cf. also अर्थे संप्रत्याययति स प्रत्ययः M.Bh. on III. 1.l Vart. 8; The word प्रत्यय is used in the Pratisakhya works in the sense of 'following' or 'that which follows', e. g. स्पर्शे चोषः प्रत्यये पूर्वपद्यः R. Pr. I. 30 which is explained by Uvvata as उषः इत्ययं (शब्दः) पूर्वपदावयवः सन् स्पर्शे प्रत्यये परभूते इति यावत्; रेफिसंज्ञो भवति; Uvvata on R. Pr. I.30; cf. प्रत्येति पश्चादागच्छति इति प्रत्ययः परः T. Pr. V. 7; cf also V. Pr, III. 8. Pratyaya or the suffix is generally placed after the base; cf, प्रत्ययः, परश्च P. III. I. 1,2; but sometimes it is placed before the base; e. g. बहुपटुः cf. विभाषा सुपो बहुच् पुरस्तात्तु P. V. 3.68. The conjugational signs (शप्, श्यन् etc.), the signs of tenses and moods (च्लि, सिच्, स्य, ताम् etc.) and the compound endings(समासान्त) are all called pratyayas according fo Panini's grammar, as they are all given in the jurisdiction(अधिकार) of the rule प्रत्ययः III.1.1, which extends upto the end of the fifth chapter (अध्याय). There are six main kinds of affixes given in grammar सुप्प्रत्यय, तिङ्प्रत्यय, कृत्प्रत्यय, तद्धितप्रत्यय, धातुप्रत्यय (e.g. in the roots चिकीर्ष, कण्डूय etc.) and स्त्रीप्रत्यय. The word प्रत्यय is used in the sense of realization, in which case the root इ in the word त्यय means'knowing' according to the maxim सर्वे गत्यर्था ज्ञानार्थाः; cf. मन्त्रार्थप्रत्ययाय Nir. I.15.
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Dictionary: Abhyankar
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