Grammatical Sūtra: इकोऽसवर्णे शाकल्यस्य ह्रस्वश्च iko'savarṇe śākalyasya hrasvaśca
Individual Word Components: ikaḥ asavarṇe śākalyasya hrasvaḥ ca Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: ikaḥ asavarṇe śākalyasya hrasvaḥ ca saṁhitāyām (6.1.72 ), prakṛtyā (6.1.115 ), nityam (6.1.124 ), aci (6.1.125 )
Compounds2 : na savarṇaḥ asavarṇaḥ, nañtatpuruṣaḥ॥Type of Rule: vidhiPreceding adhikāra rule: 6.1.84 (1ekaḥ pūrvaparayoḥ)
Description:
Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)
According to the opinion of Zâkalya, the simple vowels with the exception of ((a)), when followed by a nonhomogenous vowel, retain their original forms; and if the vowel is long, it is shortened. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0
According to the grammarian Śākalya [a padá-final 109 vowel denoted by the siglum] iK (= i, u, r̥, l̥) [retains its form 115 before 1.1.66 ] non-homogeneous [vowels 77] (á-sa-varṇ-e) and the (corresponding) short vowel replaces it [in continuous utterance 72]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.
Asavarṇe aci parataḥ ikaḥ śākalyasya ācāryasya matena prakṛtyā bhavanti, hasvaḥ ca tasya ikaḥ sthāne bhavati। Source: Sanskrit Documents
Mahābhāṣya: With kind permission: Dr. George Cardona 1/26:kimarthaḥ cakāraḥ | 2/26:prakṛtyā iti etat anukṛṣyate |3/26:kim prayojanam | 4/26:svarasandhiḥ mā bhūt iti | 5/26:na etat asti prayojanam | See More
1/26:kimarthaḥ cakāraḥ | 2/26:prakṛtyā iti etat anukṛṣyate | 3/26:kim prayojanam | 4/26:svarasandhiḥ mā bhūt iti | 5/26:na etat asti prayojanam | 6/26:hrasvavacanasārmarthyāt na bhaviṣyati | 7/26:bhavet dīrghāṇām hrasvavacanasārmarthyāt svarasandhiḥ na syāt | 8/26:hrasvānām tu khalu svarasandhiḥ prāpnoti | 9/26:hrasvānām api hrasvavacanasāmarthyān svarasandhiḥ na bhaviṣyati | 10/26:na hrasvānām hrasvāḥ prāpnuvanti | 11/26:na hi bhuktavān punaḥ bhuṅkte | 12/26:na ca kṛtaśmaśruḥ punaḥ śmaśrūni kārayati | 13/26:nanu ca punaḥpravṛttiḥ api dṛṣṭā | 14/26:bhuktavān ca punaḥ bhuṅkte kṛtaśmaśruḥ ca punaḥ śmaśrūni kārayati | 15/26:sāmarthyāt tatra punaḥpravṛttiḥ bhavati bhojanaviśeṣāt śilpiviśeṣāt vā | 16/26:hrasvāṇām punaḥ hrasvavacane na kim cit prayojanam asti | 17/26:akṛtakāri khalu api śāstram agnivat | 18/26:tat yathā agniḥ yad adagdham tat dahati | 19/26:hrasvāṇām api hrasvavacane etat prayojanam svarasandhiḥ mā bhūt iti | 20/26:kṛtakāri khalu api śāstram parjanyavat | 21/26:tat yathā parjanyaḥ yāvat ūnam pūrṇam ca sarvam abhivarṣayati | 22/26:idam tarhi prayojanam | 23/26:plutapragṛhyāḥ anukṛṣyante | 24/26:ikaḥ asavarṇe śākalyasya hrasvaḥ ca plutaprgṛhyāḥ ca prakṛtyā | 25/26:nityagrahaṇasya api etat prayojanam uktam | 26/26:anyatarat śakyam akartum |
1/14:sinnityasamāsayoḥ śākalapratiṣedhaḥ |* 2/14:sinnityasamāsayoḥ śākalapratiṣedhaḥ vaktavyaḥ | 3/14:ayam te yoniḥ ṛtviyaḥ | 4/14:prajām vindāma ṛtviyām | 5/14:vaiyākaraṇaḥ , sauvaśvaḥ | 6/14:nityagrahaṇena na arthaḥ | 7/14:sitsamāsayoḥ śākalam na bhavati iti eva | 8/14:idam api siddham bhavati | 9/14:vāpyām āsvaḥ , vāpyaśvaḥ , nadyām ātiḥ , nadyātiḥ |10/14:īṣā akṣādiṣu chandasi prakṛtibhāvamātram |* 11/14:īṣā akṣādiṣu chandasi prakṛtibhāvamātram draṣṭavyam | 12/14:īṣa akṣaḥ | 13/14:ka īm are piśaṅgila | 14/14:yathā aṅgadaḥ |
Collapse Kielhorn/Abhyankar (III,89.7-19) Rohatak (IV,467-468) * Kātyāyana's Vārttikas
Commentaries:
Kāśikāvṛttī1 : iko 'savarne aci parataḥ śākalyasya ācāryasya matena prakṛtyā bhavanti, hr as va śc See More
iko 'savarne aci parataḥ śākalyasya ācāryasya matena prakṛtyā bhavanti, hrasvaśca tasya
ikaḥ sthāne bhavati. dadhi atra, dadhyatra. madhu atra, madhvatra. kumāri atra, kumāryatra.
kiśori atra, kiśoryatra. ikaḥ iti kim? khaṭvendraḥ. asavarṇe iti kim.
kumārīndraḥ. śākalyasya grahaṇaṃ pūjārtham. ārambhasāmarthyādeva hi yaṇādeśena saha
vikalpaḥ siddhaḥ. sinnityasamāsayoḥ śākalapratiṣedho vaktavyaḥ. siti ayaṃ te
yonirṛtviyaḥ. nityasamāse vyākaranam. kumāryartham. īṣā akṣādiṣu chandasi
prakṛtibhāvamātraṃ vaktavyam. īṣā akṣo hiraṇyayaḥ. kā imare piśaṅgilā. pathā agaman.
Kāśikāvṛttī2 : iko 'savarṇe śākalyasya hrasvaś ca 6.1.127 iko 'savarne aci parataḥ śāk al ya sy a See More
iko 'savarṇe śākalyasya hrasvaś ca 6.1.127 iko 'savarne aci parataḥ śākalyasya ācāryasya matena prakṛtyā bhavanti, hrasvaśca tasya ikaḥ sthāne bhavati. dadhi atra, dadhyatra. madhu atra, madhvatra. kumāri atra, kumāryatra. kiśori atra, kiśoryatra. ikaḥ iti kim? khaṭvendraḥ. asavarṇe iti kim. kumārīndraḥ. śākalyasya grahaṇaṃ pūjārtham. ārambhasāmarthyādeva hi yaṇādeśena saha vikalpaḥ siddhaḥ. sinnityasamāsayoḥ śākalapratiṣedho vaktavyaḥ. siti ayaṃ te yonirṛtviyaḥ. nityasamāse vyākaranam. kumāryartham. īṣā akṣādiṣu chandasi prakṛtibhāvamātraṃ vaktavyam. īṣā akṣo hiraṇyayaḥ. kā imare piśaṅgilā. pathā agaman.
Nyāsa2 : iko'savarṇe śākalayasya hvasvaśca. , 6.1.123 "hyasvaśca tasyekaḥ st hā ne b ha See More
iko'savarṇe śākalayasya hvasvaśca. , 6.1.123 "hyasvaśca tasyekaḥ sthāne bhavati" iti. yadyevam(), "prakṛtyā" 6.1.111 ityasyānukarṣaṇārthaścakāro na katrtavyaḥ, hyasvavidhānasāmathryādeva hi svarasandhirna bhaviṣyati? atraitat? syāt()--dīrghāṇāmeva hyasvavidhānasāmathryāt? svarasandhirna syāt(). hyasvānāṃ tu syādeva, na hi teṣāṃ hyasvā bhavanti. prayojanābhāvādityetacca nāsti; hyasvānāmapi hi svarasandhibādhanārthaṃ hyasvo bhavatyeva. kṛtakāri khalvidaṃ śāstram(), parjanyavat(); nākṛtakāri dahanavat(). evaṃ tarhi cakāreṇaitadākhyāyate--kvacid? īṣā+akṣādau prakṛtibhāva eva bhavati, na hyasvatvamiti. tena yaduktāmīṣā akṣādau prakṛtabhāvamātramiti, tanna vaktavyaṃ bhavati.
yaṇādeśena saha vikalpārthaṃ śākalyagrahaṇaṃ kasmānna bhavati? ityāha--"ārambhasāmathryādeva hi" ityādi. yaṇādeśasya hrasavarṇa evājviṣayaḥ; savarṇe tu "akaḥ savarṇe dīrghaḥ" 6.1.97 iti dīrghavidhānāt(). ayamapi ca śākalo hyasvo vidhīyate. ata evāsmin? viṣaya ārambhasāmathryādevāsya vidheryaṇādeśena saha vikalpaḥ siddha iti na tadarthamācāryagrahaṇam().
"sinnityasamāsayoḥ" ityādi. ekāpi saptamī dvidhā bhidyate; apekṣābhedāt(). sidapekṣayā parasaptamī, nitsasamāsāpekṣayā viṣayasaptamī. sicca nityasamāsaśceti dvandvaḥ--sa idyasya sa sit(). nityādhikāre vihitaḥ samāso nityasamāsaḥ. śākalyasyāyaṃ vidhiḥ śākalaḥ--"kaṇvādibhyo gotre" (4.2.111) ityaṇ? "yasyeti ca" 6.4.148 ityakāralopaḥ, "āpatyasya ca taddhite'nāti" 6.4.151 iti yakāralopaḥ. śākalasya pratiṣedhaḥ śākalapratiṣedhaḥ. "vaktavya" iti. vyākhyeya ityarthaḥ. tatredaṃ vyākhyānam(), "sarvatra vibhāṣā goḥ" 6.1.118 ityato vibhāṣāgrahaṇamanuvatrtate, sā ca vyavasthitavibhāṣā vijñāyate. tena sinnityasamāsayoḥ śākalapratiṣedho bhaviṣyati. "ṛtviyaḥ" iti. ṛtuḥ prāpto'syeti "ṛtoraṇ()" 5.1.104 "chandasi ghas()" 5.1.105 iti ghas(). "vyākaraṇam()" iti. "kugatiprādayaḥ" 2.2.18 iti samāsaḥ. atra hi "nityaṃ krīḍājīvikayoḥ" 2.2.17 ityato nityagrahaṇānuvṛtternitayasamāso'yam(). "kumāryarthama" iti. kumāryā idaṃ kumāryarthamiti. "arthaśabdena saha" samāsavacanaṃ sarvaliṅgatā ca" (vā.78) ityayamapi nityasamāsa eva. sarvatra śākalavidhau pratiṣiddhe yaṇādeśo bhavatyeva॥
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī1 : padāntā iko hrasvā vā syurasavarṇe'ci. hrasvavidhisāmarthyānna svarasan dh iḥ .
ca Sū #59 See More
padāntā iko hrasvā vā syurasavarṇe'ci. hrasvavidhisāmarthyānna svarasandhiḥ.
cakri atra, cakraytra. padāntā iti kim? gauryau -.
Laghusiddhāntakaumudī2 : iko'savarṇe śākalyasya hrasvaśca 59, 6.1.123 padāntā iko hrasvā vā syura sa va rṇ e' See More
iko'savarṇe śākalyasya hrasvaśca 59, 6.1.123 padāntā iko hrasvā vā syurasavarṇe'ci. hrasvavidhisāmarthyānna svarasandhiḥ. cakri atra, cakraytra. padāntā iti kim? gauryau -.
Bālamanoramā1 : bhāṣyakāramatamāha–atra hyasveti. atra cakāro na kartavyaḥ, prakṛtyetya nu ka rṣ as Sū #92 See More
bhāṣyakāramatamāha–atra hyasveti. atra cakāro na kartavyaḥ, prakṛtyetyanukarṣasya
vyarthatvāt. naca vihitasya hyasvasya yaṇnivṛttyarthaḥ sa iti vācyaṃ,
hyasvavidhisāmathryādeva yaṇo nivṛttisiddheḥ. anyathā yaṇameva vidadhyāt. ataḥ
prakṛtyetyanukarṣaṇārthaścakāro na kartavya iti bhāṣye sthitamityarthaḥ. cakri-
atreti hyasvamanuccitaprakṛtibhāvapakṣe rūpam. tadabhāvapakṣe tu yaṇi cakryatreti
rūpam. nacātra kakārasya `skoḥ saṃyogādyo'riti lopaḥ śaṅkyaḥ, `acaḥ parasmi'nniti
yaṇaḥ sthānivattvenā'ctvena padāntasaṃyogā'bhāvāt. naca `pūrvatrāsiddhe na
sthāniva'diti tanniṣedhaḥ śaṅkyaḥ, `tasya doṣaḥ saṃyogādilopalatvaṇatve'ṣviti vacanāt.
Bālamanoramā2 : hyasvaśca 92, 6.1.123 bhāṣyakāramatamāha--atra hyasveti. atra cakāro na ka rt av ya See More
hyasvaśca 92, 6.1.123 bhāṣyakāramatamāha--atra hyasveti. atra cakāro na kartavyaḥ, prakṛtyetyanukarṣasya vyarthatvāt. naca vihitasya hyasvasya yaṇnivṛttyarthaḥ sa iti vācyaṃ, hyasvavidhisāmathryādeva yaṇo nivṛttisiddheḥ. anyathā yaṇameva vidadhyāt. ataḥ prakṛtyetyanukarṣaṇārthaścakāro na kartavya iti bhāṣye sthitamityarthaḥ. cakri-atreti hyasvamanuccitaprakṛtibhāvapakṣe rūpam. tadabhāvapakṣe tu yaṇi cakryatreti rūpam. nacātra kakārasya "skoḥ saṃyogādyo"riti lopaḥ śaṅkyaḥ, "acaḥ parasmi"nniti yaṇaḥ sthānivattvenā'ctvena padāntasaṃyogā'bhāvāt. naca "pūrvatrāsiddhe na sthāniva"diti tanniṣedhaḥ śaṅkyaḥ, "tasya doṣaḥ saṃyogādilopalatvaṇatve"ṣviti vacanāt. na samāse. vārtikametat. samāse uktaśākalavidhirna bhavatītyarthaḥ. vāpya()ā iti. vāpyāma()ā iti vigrahaḥ. śauṇḍāderākṛtigaṇatvātsupsupeti vā samāsaḥ.siti ca. sakāra idyasya sa sit, tasmin pare uktaḥ śākalavidhirna bhavatītyarthaḥ. pār(āmiti. parśu=pār(āāsthi. parśūnāṃ samūhaḥ pār(ām. "par(āā ṇas vaktavyaḥ" iti ṇas. ādivṛddhiḥ. yaṇādeśaḥ. atra pārśu-a iti sthite uktaḥ śākalo vidhirna bhavati. orguṇastu na, bhasyaiva tadvidhānāt, "siti ce"ti padatvena bhatvabādhāt. "aco ñṇitī"ti vṛddhirapi na bhavati, ādivṛddhyā tadbādhāt. tathāca mūlakāro vakṣyati-"ādivṛddhirantyopadhāvṛddhī bādhate" iti. atra sinnityasamāsayoḥ śākalapratiṣedhaḥ" iti vārtikaṃ, tadiha dvidhā vibhajya vyākhyātam. nacaiva sati vopya()ā ityatra kathaṃ śākalapratiṣedhaḥ, tatra samāsasya vaikalpikatvāditi vācyam, bhāṣye nityagrahaṇasya pratyākhyātatvāt.
1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam 2.Source: Sanskrit Documents
Examples2 :
dadhi atra, madhu atra, kumāri atr kiśori atra॥ iko yaṇaci ityapi bhavati vidhānasāmarthyāt। tena pakṣe dadhyatra madhvatra kumāryatra kośoryatra iti yaṇādeśāḥ bhavanti॥
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