Grammatical Sūtra: प्रकृत्याऽन्तःपादमव्यपरे prakṛtyā'ntaḥpādamavyapare Individual Word Components: prakṛtyā antaḥpādam avyapareSūtra with anuvṛtti words: prakṛtyā antaḥpādam avyapare saṁhitāyām (6.1.72 ), aci (6.1.77 ) Type of Rule: vidhiPreceding adhikāra rule: 6.1.84 (1ekaḥ pūrvaparayoḥ)
Description:
The final ((e)) or ((o)) and the following ((a)) when occurring in the middle half of a foot of a Vedic verse, retain their original forms, except when the ((a)) is followed by ((v)) or ((y))| | Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0
[A padá-final vowel denoted by the siglum eṄ (= e,o) and short /a/ following it 109] retain their forms (pra-kŕ-ty-ā) when occurring within a quarter of the r̥k-verse (antaḥ-pādá-m), provided it is not followed by phonemes /v/ or /y/ [in continuous utterance 72]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.
Mahābhāṣya: With kind permission: Dr. George Cardona 3/35:nāntaḥpādam iti sarvasya ayam pratiṣedhaḥ | 4/35:katham | 5/35:aci iti vartate |
1/35:kasya ayam pratiṣedhaḥ |7/35:nāntaḥpādam iti sarvapratiṣedhaḥ cet atiprasaṅgaḥ |* 13/35:akārāśrayam iti cet uttvavacanam |* 17/35:ayavoḥ pratiṣedhaḥ ca |* 25/35:eṅprakaraṇāt siddham cet uttvapratiṣedhaḥ |* 28/35:punaḥ eṅgrahaṇāt siddham |*
Collapse Kielhorn/Abhyankar (III,86.2-20) Rohatak (IV,459-461) * Kātyāyana's Vārttikas
Commentaries:
Kāśikāvṛttī1 : di ha
p ra th
eṅo 'ti 6-1-109 ityeva. eṅaḥ iti yat pañcamyantam anuvartate, tadarthādiha
prathamāntaṃ bhavati. prakṛtiḥ iti svabhāvaḥ kāraṇam vā 'bhidhīyate. antariti avyayam
adhikaranabhūtaṃ madhyam ācaṣṭe. pādaśabdena ca ṛkpādasya eva grahaṇam iṣyate, na tu
ślokapadasya. avakārayakārapare ati parataḥ eṅ prakṛtyā bhavati. svabhāvena avatiṣṭhate
kāraṇātmanā vā bhavati, na vikāram āpadyate. tau cen nimittakāryiṇau
antaḥpādamṛkpādamadhye bhavataḥ. te agre aśvamāyuñjan. te asmiñjavamādadhuḥ.
upaprayanto adhvaram. śiro apaśyam sujāte aśvasūnṛte. adhvartyo adribhiḥ sutam.
antaḥpādam iti kim. kayā matī kuta etāsa ete 'rcanti. avyapare iti kim. te 'vadan.
tejo 'yasmayam. eṅiti kim? anvagniruṣasāmagramakhyat. kecididaṃ sūtraṃ na
antaḥpādam avyapare iti paṭhanti, te saṃhitāyām iha yaducyate tasya sarvasya pratiṣedhaṃ
varṇayanti.
Kāśikāvṛttī2 : y at p añ ca
prakṛtyā 'ntaḥpādam avyapare 6.1.115 eṅo 'ti 6.1.105 ityeva. eṅaḥ iti yat pañcamyantam anuvartate, tadarthādiha prathamāntaṃ bhavati. prakṛtiḥ iti svabhāvaḥ kāraṇam vā 'bhidhīyate. antariti avyayam adhikaranabhūtaṃ madhyam ācaṣṭe. pādaśabdena ca ṛkpādasya eva grahaṇam iṣyate, na tu ślokapadasya. avakārayakārapare ati parataḥ eṅ prakṛtyā bhavati. svabhāvena avatiṣṭhate kāraṇātmanā vā bhavati, na vikāram āpadyate. tau cen nimittakāryiṇau antaḥpādamṛkpādamadhye bhavataḥ. te agre aśvamāyuñjan. te asmiñjavamādadhuḥ. upaprayanto adhvaram. śiro apaśyam sujāte aśvasūnṛte. adhvartyo adribhiḥ sutam. antaḥpādam iti kim. kayā matī kuta etāsa ete 'rcanti. avyapare iti kim. te 'vadan. tejo 'yasmayam. eṅiti kim? anvagniruṣasāmagramakhyat. kecididaṃ sūtraṃ na antaḥpādam avyapare iti paṭhanti, te saṃhitāyām iha yaducyate tasya sarvasya pratiṣedhaṃ varṇayanti.
Nyāsa2 : t ṛt īy ā. &
prakṛtyā'ntaḥpādamavyapare. , 6.1.111 "prakṛtyā" iti. karaṇe tṛtīyā. "antaḥpādam()" iti. saptamyantametat(). vibhaktyarthe'vyayībhāvaṃ vidhāya tataḥ saptamī, tasyāḥ "tṛtīyāsaptamyorbahulam()" 2.4.84 ityambhāvaḥ kṛtaḥ. "eṅaḥ" ityādi. pañcamyantasyaiṅaḥ prakṛtyā bhavatītyanena sambandho nopapadyate. tasmādihārthādeṅgrahaṇaṃ prathamāntamupajāyate. "prakṛtiḥ" ityādinā prakṛtiśabdasyāmācaṣṭe. prakṛtiśabdo hi loke svabhāve prayujyate, yatā--dustyajā prakṛtiriti, kāraṇe'pi yathā--dadhnaḥ kṣīraṃ prakṛti rati, tadihāpi sa evārthastasya vijñāyate. antarityavyayamadhikaraṇabhūtamiti. ata evāntaḥ-pādamityavyayībhāvo bhavati. "pādaśabdena" ityādi. kathaṃ punarṛkpādasyaiva grahaṇaṃ labhyate, yāvatā pādaśabdaḥ sāmānyavācī? evaṃ manyate---"vā chandāsa" 6.1.102 ityataḥ chandograhaṇamiha maṇḍūkaplutinyāyenānuvatrtate, tena ṛkpādasyaiva grahaṇaṃ vijñāyate. atha "sarvatra vibhāṣā goḥ" (6.1.122) ityataḥ sūtrāt? prākchandasyeva kāryaṃ vijñāyate. evaṃ hi tatra sarvatragarahaṇamarthavadbhavati yadi cchandasi pūrvaṃ vidhānaṃ bhavati. evamavayavānāparthamākhyāya "avakārayakāra" ityādinā samudāyasyārthamācaṣṭe. avidyamānau vakārayakārau yasya sa tathoktaḥ. "svabhāvena" ityādi. yadā prakṛtiśabdaḥ svabāve vatrtamāno gṛhrate, tadāyamarthaḥ--eṅ? svabhāvena bhavati. svabhāvaparatyāgena saṃhitākāryaṃ nopapadyata iti. yadā tu kāraṇe vatrtamānasya prakṛtiśabdasya parigrahastadāyamarthaḥ--eṅ? kāraṇātmanā bhavatīti. kāraṇaṃ parapūrvatvādeḥ kāryasyaiṅa, tasya ya ātmā svarūpaṃ tenaivātmanaiṅ? bhavatītyetaduktaṃ bhavati--prāk? saṃhitākāryādyadeṅo rūpaṃ tenaiva tadavatiṣṭhata iti. anantaroktamevārthadvayaṃ spaṣṭīkarttumāha--na "vikāramāpadyate" iti. evaṃ hi svabhāvena bhavati, yadi svabhāvādandathālakṣaṇā vikārāvasthā notpadyeta. tadaivaṃ kāraṇātmanāpi bhavati, yadi vikārabhāvaṃ notpadyate. yadi kāryātmanā na vipariṇamatītyarthaḥ. "no cennimittakāyaṇau" iti. nimittaṃ paratvaviśiṣṭo'kāraḥ. tatra hi parataḥ prakṛtibhāvo vidhīyate. kāryī tveṅ(), tasya hi kāryaṃ prakṛtibhāvo'sti. "te agre aścamāyuñjan()" iti. asya ṛkpādasya madhye ya eṅ ekārasteśabde'greśabde ca tasaya tadanantare prakṛtibhāvat? "eṅaḥ padāntādāti" 6.1.105 iti pūrvarūpaṃ na bhavati, ayādeśaśca. "upaprayanto adhvaram()" iti. atrāpi prayanta iti śabdaukārasyaiṅo'dhvaraśabdasyānantare prakṛtabhāvāt? pūrvarūpaṃ na bhavati, avādeśaśca. evaṃ "sujāte a()ā" ityādāvapi prakṛtibhāvāt? pūrvarūpā dakāryasyābhāvo veditavyaḥ.
"ete'rcayanti" iti. atrete śabde ya eṅ ekāraḥ sa padānte vatrtate. tadanantarastvakāraḥ pādādau, na pādamadhye. "te'vadan()" iti. atra teśabde ya eṅ tasya prakṛtibhāvo na bhavati; tadanantarasyāto vakāraparatvāt(). "avadan()" iti. vadaterlaṅi prathamapuruṣabahuvacanāntam(). "te'yajān()" iti. atrāpi teśabde ya eṅ tasya prakṛtibhāvo na bhavati. tadanantarasyāto yakāraparatvāt(). "anvagni" ityādi. sarvamatrāsti, na tvanuśabda ukāra eṅ bhavati, nāsya prakṛtibhāvaḥ.
"kecit()" ityādi. yadi tarhi "nāntaḥpādamavyapare" iti sūtraṃ paṭhanti, evaṃ sati parapūrvasyaiva pratiṣedhaḥ kṛtaḥ syāt(), nāyavoḥ; tathā hi--parapūrvatvameṅo'nantaravihitam()? ityat? āha--"te saṃhitāyām()" ityādi. yadi parapūrvatvaṃ saṃhitākāryaṃ viśeṣaṇamapekṣyāyaṃ pratiṣedhaḥ kriyate, tadāyaṃ doṣaḥ syāt(). yadā tu saṃhitādhikāravihitaṃ kāryaṃmātramapekṣya pratiṣedho vidhīyate, tadā sarvasyaiva saṃhitādhikāravihitasya kāryasya pratiṣedho yukta iti teṣāṃ bhāvaḥ॥
1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
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