Pāṇini 6.1.102

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Grammatical Sūtra: प्रथमयोः पूर्वसवर्णः prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ saṁhitāyām (6.1.72), aci (6.1.77), ekaḥ (6.1.84), pūrvaparayoḥ (6.1.84), akaḥ (6.1.101), dīrghaḥ (6.1.101)
Type of Rule: vidhi
Preceding adhikāra rule:6.1.84 (1ekaḥ pūrvaparayoḥ)

Description:

Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)

For the simple vowel of a nominal-stem and for the vowel of the case-affixes of the Nominative and the Accusative in all numbers, there is the single substitution of a long vowel corresponding to the first vowel. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[The single substitute 84 long vowel 101] homologous to the first of two contiguous vowels (pūrva-sa-varṇá-ḥ) [denoted by the siglum /aK/ 101] replaces [both the nominal stem-final 1.1.52 vowel aK 101 and the initial aC vowel 77 of the affixes 3.1.1] of the first and second (prathamáy-oḥ) sUP triplets introduced [after 3.1.2 nominal stems 4.1.1 in continuous utterance 72]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 6.1.72, 6.1.77, 6.1.84, 6.1.101

1/40:prathamyoḥ iti ucyate |
2/40:kayoḥ iha prathamyoḥ grahaṇam |
3/40:kim vibhaktyoḥ āhosvit pratyayayoḥ |
4/40:vibhaktyoḥ iti āha |
5/40:katham jñāyate |
6/40:aci iti vartate na ca ajādau prathamau pratyayau staḥ |
7/40:nanu ca evam vijñāyate |
8/40:ajādī yau prathamau ajādīnām vā yau prathamau iti |
9/40:yat tarhi tasmāt śasaḥ naḥ puṃsi iti anukrāntam pūrvasavarṇam pratinirdiśati tat jñāpayati ācāryaḥ vibhaktyoḥ grahaṇam iti |
10/40:atha vā supi iti vartate |
11/40:atham kimartham pūrvasavarṇadīrghaḥ ami pūrvatvam ca ucyate na prathamyoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ iti eva siddham |
12/40:na sidhyati |
13/40:prathamyoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ iti ucyamāne ami api dīrghaḥ prāpnoti |
14/40:vṛkṣam , plakṣam |
15/40:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
16/40:yat pūrvasmin yoge dīrghagrahaṇam tat uttaratra nivṛttam |
17/40:evam api idam iha pūrvasavarṇagrahaṇam kriyate |
18/40:tena ami api pūrvasavarṇaḥ prasajyeta |
19/40:vṛkṣam , plakṣam |
20/40:dvimātraḥ prāpnoti |
21/40:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
22/40:savarṇagrahaṇam na kariṣyate |
23/40:yadi savarṇagrahaṇam na kriyate kutaḥ vyavasthā |
24/40:āntaryataḥ |
25/40:yadi evam agnī vāyū trimātraḥ prāpnoti vṛkṣam , plakṣam dvimātraḥ |
26/40:tasmāt savarṇagrahaṇam kartavyam |
27/40:tasmin ca kriyamāṇe dīrghagrahaṇam anuvartate |
28/40:tasmin anuvartamāne ami pūrvaḥ iti api vaktavyam |
29/40:atha kimartham pṛthak ucyate na iha eka eva ucyeta |
30/40:prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ ami ca iti |
31/40:yadi prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇadīrghaḥ ami ca iti ucyate tana ami api dīrghaḥ prasajyeta |
32/40:vṛkṣam , plakṣam |
33/40:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
34/40:dīrghagrahaṇam nivartayiṣyate |
35/40:evam api pūrvasavarṇaḥ prasajyeta |
36/40:savarṇagrahaṇam na kariṣyate |
37/40:yadi savarṇagrahaṇam na kriyate pūrvasmin yoge vipratiṣiddham |
38/40:yadi pūrvaḥ na dīrghaḥ atha dīrghaḥ na pūrvaḥ |
39/40:pūrvaḥ dīrghaḥ ca iti vipratiṣiddham |
40/40:tasmāt ubhayam ārabdhavyam pṛthak ca kartavyam |

1/107:prathamayoḥ iti yogavibhāgaḥ savarṇadīrghārthaḥ |*
2/107:prathamayoḥ iti yogavibhāgaḥ kartavyaḥ |
3/107:prathamayoḥ ekaḥ savarṇadīrghaḥ bhavati |
4/107:tataḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ |
5/107:pūrvasavarṇadīrghaḥ bhavati ekaḥ prathamayoḥ iti |
6/107:kimarthaḥ yogavibhāgaḥ |
7/107:savarṇadīrghatvam yathā syāt |
8/107:ekayoge hi jaśśahoḥ pararūpaprasaṅgaḥ |*
9/107:ekayoge hi sati jaśśahoḥ pararūpam prasajyeta |
10/107:vṛkṣāḥ , plakṣāḥ , vṛkṣān , plakṣān |
11/107:nanu ca pūrvasavarṇadīrghatvam pararūpam bādhiṣyate |
12/107:na utsahate bādhitum |
13/107:kim kāraṇam |
14/107:ādguṇayaṇādeśayoḥ apavādāḥ vṛddhisavarṇadīrghapūrvasavarṇādeśāḥ teṣām pararūpam svarasandhiṣu |*
15/107:ādguṇayaṇādeśau utsargau |
16/107:tayoḥ apavādāḥ vṛddhisavarṇadīrghapūrvasavarṇādeśāḥ teṣām sarveṣām pararūpam apavādaḥ |
17/107:tat sarvabādhakam |
18/107:sarvabādhakatvāt prāpnoti |
19/107:atha kriyamāṇe api yogavibhāge yāvatā pararūpam apavādaḥ kasmāt eva na bādhate |
20/107:yogavibhāgaḥ anyaśāstranivṛttiyarthaḥ |
21/107:yogavibhāgaḥ anyaśāstranivṛttiyarthaḥ vijñāyate |
22/107:yogavibhāgaḥ anyaśāstranivṛttiyarthaḥ cet ami atiprasaṅgaḥ | yogavibhāgaḥ anyaśāstranivṛttiyarthaḥ cet ami atiprasaṅgaḥ bhavati |*
23/107:vṛkṣam , plakṣam |
24/107:yathā eva hi yogavibhāgaḥ pararūpam bādhate evam ami pūrvatvam api bādheta |
25/107:nakārābhāvaḥ ca tasmāt iti anantaranirdeśāt |*
26/107:natvasya ca abhāvaḥ |
27/107:vṛkṣān , plakṣān |
28/107:kim kāraṇam |
29/107:ca tasmāt iti anantaranirdeśāt |
30/107:tasmāt iti anena anantaraḥ yogaḥ pratinirdiśyate |
31/107:kim punaḥ kāraṇam tasmāt iti anena anantaraḥ yogaḥ pratinirdiśyate |
32/107:iha mā bhūt |
33/107:etān gāḥ paśya [R: etān gāḥ caturaḥ balivardān paśya] iti |
34/107:astu tarhi ekayogaḥ eva |
35/107:nanu ca uktam ekayoge hi jaśśahoḥ pararūpaprasaṅgaḥ iti |
36/107:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
37/107:ijgrahaṇam tu jñāpakam pararūpābhāvasya |*
38/107:yat ayam na āt ici iti ijgrahaṇam karoti tat jñāpayati ācāryaḥ na jaśśasoḥ pararūpam bhavati iti |
39/107:katham kṛtvā jñāpakam |
40/107:ijgrahaṇasya idam prayojanam |
41/107:iha mā bhūt |
42/107:vṛkṣāḥ , plakṣāḥ , vṛkṣān , plakṣān |
43/107:yadi ca jaśśasoḥ pararūpam syāt ijgrahaṇam anarthakam syāt |
44/107:paśyati tu ācāryaḥ na jaśśasoḥ pararūpam bhavati iti |
45/107:tataḥ ijgrahaṇam karoti |
46/107:na etat asti jñāpakam |
47/107:uttarārtham etat syāt |
48/107:dīrghāt jasi ca ici ca iti |
49/107:yadi uttarārtham etat syāt atra eva ayam ijdgrahaṇam kurvīta |
50/107:iha api tarhi kriyamāṇam yadi uttarārtham na jñāpakam bhavati |
51/107:evam tarhi yadi uttarārtham etat syāt na eva ayam ijdgrahaṇam kurvīta na api jasgrahaṇam |
52/107:etāvat ayam brūyāt |
53/107:dīrghāt śasi pūrvasavarṇaḥ bhavati iti |
54/107:tat niyamārtham bhaviṣyati |
55/107:dīrghāt śasi eva na anyatra iti |
56/107:saḥ ayam evam laghīyasā nyāsena siddhe yat ijgrahaṇam karoti tat jñāpayati ācāryaḥ na jaśśasoḥ pararūpam bhavati iti |
57/107:atha vā punaḥ astu yogavibhāgaḥ |
58/107:nanu ca uktam yogavibhāgaḥ anyaśāstranivṛttiyarthaḥ cet ami atiprasaṅgaḥ iti |
59/107:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
60/107:ami api yogavibhāgaḥ kariṣyate |
61/107:ami |
62/107:ami yat uktam tat na bhavati iti |
63/107:tataḥ pūrvaḥ |
64/107:pūrvaḥ ca bhavati ami iti |
65/107:yat api ucyate nakārābhāvaḥ ca tasmāt iti anantaranirdeśāt iti |
66/107:kaḥ punaḥ arhati tasmāt iti anena anantaram yogam pratinirdeṣṭum |
67/107:evam kila pratinirdiśyate |
68/107:tasmāt pūrvasavarṇadīrghāt iti |
69/107:tat ca na |
70/107:evam pratinirdiśyate |
71/107:tasmāt akaḥ savarṇāt iti |
72/107:atha vā tasmāt prathamyoḥ dīrghāt iti |
73/107:atha vā punaḥ astu ami ekayogaḥ |
74/107:nanu ca uktam yogavibhāgaḥ anyaśāstranivṛttiyarthaḥ cet ami atiprasaṅgaḥ iti |
75/107:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
76/107:madhye apavādāḥ pūrvān vidhīn bādhante iti evam ayam yogavibhāgaḥ pararūpam bādhiṣyate ami pūrvatvam na bādhiṣyate |
77/107:yadi etat asti madhye apavādāḥ purastāt apavādāḥ iti na arthaḥ ekena api yogavibhāgena |
78/107:purastāt apavādāḥ anantarān vidhīn bādhante iti evam pararūpam savarṇadīrghatvam bādhiṣyate prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇadīrghatvam na bādhiṣyate |
79/107:atha vā saptame yogavibhāgaḥ kariṣyate |
80/107:idam asti ataḥ dīrghaḥ yañi supi ca iti |
81/107:tataḥ vakṣyāmi bahuvacane |
82/107:bahuvacane ca ataḥ dīrghaḥ bhavati |
83/107:ekāraḥ ca bhavati bahuvacane jhali iti |
84/107:iha api tarhi prāpnoti |
85/107:vṛṣāṇām , plakṣāṇām |
86/107:tatra kaḥ doṣaḥ |
87/107:dīrghatve kṛte hrasvāśrayaḥ nuṭ na prāpnoti |
88/107:idam iha sampradhāryam |
89/107:dīrghatvam kriyatām nuṭ iti kim atra kartavyam |
90/107:paratvāt dīrghatvam |
91/107:nityam khalu api dīrghatvam |
92/107:kṛte api nuṭi prāpnoti akṛte api |
93/107:nityatvāt paratvāt ca dīrghatve kṛte hrasvāśrayaḥ nuṭ na prāpnoti |
94/107:evam tarhi ādgrahaṇam iha api prakṛtam anuvartate |
95/107:kva prakṛtam |
96/107:āt jaseḥ asuk iti |
97/107:tena kṛte api dīrghatve nuṭ bhaviṣyati |
98/107:iha api tarhi prāpnoti |
99/107:kīlālapām , śubhaṃyām |
100/107:ātaḥ lopaḥ atra bādhakaḥ bhaviṣyati |
101/107:idam iha sampradhāryam |
102/107:lopaḥ kriyatām nuṭ iti kim atra kartavyam |
103/107:paratvāt nuṭ |
104/107:evam tarhi hrasvanadyāpaḥ nuṭ iti atra ātaḥ dhātoḥ iti ātaḥ lopaḥ sambandham anuvartiṣyate |
105/107:iha api tarhi prāpnoti |
106/107:kīlālapānām brāhmaṇakulānām |
107/107:napuṃsakasya na iti anuvartiṣyate |

Kielhorn/Abhyankar (III,78.2-19) Rohatak (IV,438-441)

*Kātyāyana's Vārttikas

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: akaḥ iti dīrghaḥ iti vartate. prathamāśabdo vibhaktiviśeṣe rūḍhaḥ, tatsāhacaryād See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ 6.1.102 akaḥ iti dīrghaḥ iti vartate. prathamāśabdo v See More

Nyāsa²: prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ. , 6.1.98 prathamaśabdo'yaṃ sanniveśaviśeṣāpekṣe'bhidh See More

prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ. , 6.1.98 prathamaśabdo'yaṃ sanniveśaviśeṣāpekṣe'bhidheye vatrtate. pareṣvabhisamīkṣiteṣu yasmātpūrvo nāsti sa prathamaśabdābhidheyaḥ. iha ca "prathamayoḥ" iti sāmānyena nirdeśānna jñāyate--kayoḥ prathamayorivaṃ grahaṇamityatastatparijñānāyāha--"prathamāśabdaḥ" ityādi. prathamaśabdo'yamiha śāstre vibhaktiviśeṣa rūḍhaḥ, supāṃ yadādyaṃ trikaṃ tatra prasiddhaḥ. tathā hi--"sapūrvayoḥ prathamayorvibhāṣā" 8.1.26, "saptamīpañcamīprathamābhyaḥ" 5.3.27 ityevamādiṣu nirdeśeṣu prathamāśabdena sa eva vibhaktiviśeṣo nirdiṣṭaḥ. tasmādrūḍhiśabdatvādiha prathamāśabdo vibhaktiviśeṣe vatrtata iti vijñāyate. nanu ca strīliṅgo yaḥ prathamāśabdaḥ sa iha śāstre vibhaktiviśeṣe rūḍhaḥ, asya ca strīliṅgataiva sandigdhā? naitadasti; prathamaśabdopādānādeva strīliṅgo'yamupātta ityavasīyate. yadi hi puṃlliṅgasyedamupādānaṃ syādeyaṃ sati pratyayagrahaṇeva syāt(). yadi ca pratyayagrahaṇamabhīṣṭaṃ syāt? tadaujasorityevaṃ brāūyāt(). na caivamucyamāne dvitīyāsambandhino'pyaukārasya grahaṇaprasaṅgaḥ; iha jasā sāhacaryāt? prathamāsambandhina evaukārasya grahaṇaṃ vijñāsyate. tasmāt? strīliṅgasyedaṃ grahamamityasandigdhametat(). nanu ca yadi prathamāśabdo'yamiha śāstre vibhaktiviśeṣe rūḍhaḥ, evaṃ sati vibhaktiviśeṣa eka ityekavacanenaiva bhavitavyam(), tat? kathaṃ prathamayoriti dvivacanam()? ityata āha--"tatsāhacaryāt()" ityādi. tena prathamākhyena vibhaktiviśeṣeṇa sāhacaryād()dvitīyāpi vibhaktiḥ prathametyuktā, tataśca dvitvād()dvivacanameva nyāyyam(). tadetena prathamayoriti vibhaktyoridaṃ garahaṇaṃ na pratadyayayoriti darśayati. "vṛkṣāḥ "lakṣāḥ" iti. kathamidamudāhmatam()? yāvatā "ato guṇe" (6.1.97) ityanena pararūpeṇātra bhavitavyam? taddhi nāprāpate vabhaktyantara ārabhyamāṇaṃ yathā'kaḥ savarṇe dīrghatvaṃ bādhate, tathā "prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ" iti dīrghatvamapi bādheta? ityata āha--"ato guṇe" ityādi. atraivopapattimāha--"purastāt()" ityādi. itikaraṇo hetau. yasmāt? "purastādapavādā anantarān? vidhīn? bādhante nottarān()" (vyā.pa.9) iti tasmāt? "ato guṇe" (6.1.97) pararūpam? "akaḥ savarṇe dīraghaḥ" 6.1.97 dīrghatvaṃ bādhate; tasyaiva tadanantaratvāt(). "prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarmaḥ" iti dīrghatvaṃ tu na bādhyate; viparyayāt(). "agnī ityatra" ityādi. asati pūrvagarahaṇe agnī itayatra parvaparasamudayaḥ sthānī, tasya cāntaratamo dīrgha ādeśo nāstītyavayavāntaratamo yastena bhavitavyam(). avayavau cātra dvau--pūrvaḥ, paraśceti; tatra ca pūrvasyaiva bhavitavyamiti niyamo na labhyate, niyamakaraṇābhāvāditi tayoḥ paryāyeṇa bhavannādeśaḥ pakṣe parasavarṇo vā syāt(). atastannivṛtyarthaṃ pūrvagrahaṇam(). savarṇagrahaṇaṃ tu vipratiṣedhanirāsārtham(). asati hi tasmin? dīrgha ityanuvatrtamāne'gnī ityatra vipratiṣiddhitvamāpadyeta yadi pūrvo na dīrghaḥ; atha dīrgho na pūrvaḥ. yadi pūrvo na dīrghaḥ; atha dīrgho na pūrvaḥ. yadi ca pūrvaśabdena pūrvākṛtirucyet(), dīrghādanuvṛtteḥ pūrvasyeti ṣaṣṭhī vā kriyeta. tathā ca savarṇagrahaṇaṃ śakyamakatrtam(). kriyamāṇaṃ vā tat? sukhapratipatyartha veditavyam(). "dīrghagrahaṇaṃ trimātre sthānini" ityādi. agni au+iti sthite, asati dīrghagrahaṇa ekādeśaḥ kriyamāṇaḥ sthānina āntaratamyāt? trimātraḥ prāpnoti; sthāninastrimātrakatvāt(). tathā hi--agniśabdasyekāra ekamātraḥ aukāro dvimātra ityetatsamudāyātmakaścātra sthānī. tasmāt? trimātre sthāninyantaratamastrimātra ādeśo mā bhūdityevamarthaṃ dīrghagrahaṇam(). dīrghagrahaṇe hi sati tenādeśe viśiṣyamāṇe trimātrasyādeśaprasaṅgo na bhavati; dvimātrasyaiva dīrghasaṃjñāvidhānāt()॥

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī¹: akaḥ prathamādvitīyayoraci pūrvasavarṇadīrgha ekādeśaḥ syāt. iti prāpte.. Sū #126

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī²: prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ 126, 6.1.98 akaḥ prathamādvitīyayoraci pūrvasavarṇadīr See More

Bālamanoramā¹: śiva u acrya iti sthite-prathamayoḥ. `akaḥ savarṇe' ityato'ka iti, iko yaṇ Sū #163 See More

Bālamanoramā²: prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ 163, 6.1.98 śiva u acrya iti sthite-prathamayoḥ. &quot See More

Tattvabodhinī¹: prathamayoḥ. atra prathamāśabdaḥ prathamādvitīyayoḥ samudāye gauṇaḥ, dvivacanaṃ Sū #134 See More

Tattvabodhinī²: prathamayoḥ pūrvasavarṇaḥ 134, 6.1.98 prathamayoḥ. atra prathamāśabdaḥ prathamād See More

1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
2.Source: Sanskrit Documents

Examples²:

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