Pāṇini 5.1.20

Grammatical Sūtra: असमासे निष्कादिभ्यः asamāse niṣkādibhyaḥ Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: asamāse niṣkādibhyaḥ
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: asamāse niṣkādibhyaḥ pratyayaḥ (3.1.1), paraḥ (3.1.2), ca (3.1.2), ādyudāttaḥ (3.1.3), ca (3.1.3), ṅyāpprātipadikāt (4.1.1), taddhitāḥ (4.1.76), samarthānām (4.1.82), prathamāt (4.1.82), vā (4.1.82), strīpuṁsābhyām (4.1.87), nañsnañau (4.1.87), bhavanāt (4.1.87), chaḥ (5.1.1), ṭhañ (5.1.18), ṭhak (5.1.19)
Type of Rule: vidhi
Preceding adhikāra rule:5.1.19 (1ārhād agopucchasaṅkhyāparimāṇāṭ ṭhak)

Description:

The affix ((ṭhak)) comes after the words ((niṣka)) &c, when they are not parts of a compound, the sense of the affix being that taught in the subsequent sûtras upto 5.1.63. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[The taddhitá 4.1.76 affix 3.1.1 ṭháK 19 is introduced after 3.1.2 the class of nominal stems 4.1.1] beginning with niṣká- `n. of a coin' when not forming a compound (á-sam-ās-e) [ending in 1.1.72 the appropriate sUP triplets to denote the senses introduced in the section (19-63) 19]. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 5.1.1, 5.1.18, 5.1.19

1/33:asamāse iti kimartham |
2/33:paramaniṣkeṇa krītam paramanaiṣkikam |
3/33:na etat asti |
4/33:niṣkaśabdāt pratyayaḥ vidhīyate |
5/33:tatra kaḥ prasaṅgaḥ yat paramaniṣkaśabdāt syāt |
6/33:na eva prāpnoti na arthaḥ pratiṣedhena |
7/33:tadantavidhinā prāpnoti |
8/33:grahaṇavatā prātipadikena tadantividhiḥ pratiṣidhyate |
9/33:niṣkādiṣu asamāsagrahaṇam jñāpakam pūrvatra tadantāpratiṣedhasya | niṣkādiṣu asamāsagrahaṇam kriyate jñāpakārtham |*
10/33:kim jñāpyam |
11/33:pūrvatra tadantvidheḥ pratiṣedhaḥ na bhavati iti |
12/33:kim etasya jñāpane prayojanam |
13/33:prāk vateḥ ṭhañ iti atra tadantavidhiḥ siddhaḥ bhavati |
14/33:na etat asti prayojanam |
15/33:grahaṇavatā prātipadikena tadantividhiḥ pratiṣidhyate |
16/33:na ca ṭhañvidhau kā cit prakṛtiḥ gṛhyate |
17/33:idam tarhi prayojanam |
18/33:ā arhāt agopucchasaṅkhyāparimāṇāt ṭhak |
19/33:paramagopucchena krītam pāramagopucchikam |
20/33:atra tadantavidhiḥ siddhaḥ bhavati |
21/33:etat api na asti prayojanam |
22/33:vidhau pratiṣedhaḥ pratiṣedhaḥ ca ayam |
23/33:evam tarhi jñāpayati ācāryaḥ itaḥ uttaram tadantavidheḥ pratiṣedhaḥ na bhavati iti |
24/33:kim etasya jñāpane prayojanam |
25/33:pāryāṇaturāyaṇacāndrāyaṇam vartayati dvaipārāyaṇikaḥ traipārāyaṇikaḥ |
26/33:atra tadantavidhiḥ siddhaḥ bhavati |
27/33:etat api na asti prayojanam |
28/33:vakṣyati etat |
29/33:prāk vateḥ saṅkhyāpūrvapadānām tadantagrahaṇam aluki |
30/33:pūrvatra eva tarhi prayojanam |
31/33:khalayavamāṣatilavṛṣabrahmaṇaḥ ca iti |
32/33:kṛṣṇatilebhyaḥ hitaḥ kṛṣṇatilyaḥ |
33/33:rājamāṣebhyaḥ hitam rājamāṣyam |

Kielhorn/Abhyankar (II,345.9-25) Rohatak (IV, 27-29)

*Kātyāyana's Vārttikas

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: ārhātityeva. viṣkādibhyaḥ śabdebhyo 'samāse ṭhak pratyayo bhavati ārhīyeṣvartheṣ See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: asamāse niṣkā'dibhyaḥ 5.1.20 ārhātityeva. viṣkādibhyaḥ śabdebhyo 'samāse ṭhak p See More

Nyāsa²: asamāse niṣkādibhyaḥ. , 5.1.20 "ṭhaño'pavādaḥ" iti. yena nāprāptityāye See More

asamāse niṣkādibhyaḥ. , 5.1.20 "ṭhaño'pavādaḥ" iti. yena nāprāptityāyena (vyā.pa.49). niṣkādibhyo droṇaparyantebhyaḥ parimāṇaśabdatvāt? ṣaṣṭhiśabdasya saṃkhyāśabdatvāṭṭhaki paryudaste ṭhañeva prāpnoti, atastasyaivāyamapavādaḥ. "tedantāpratiṣedhasya" iti tadantavidherapratiṣedhasyetyarthaḥ. yadi tarhi tadantāt? pratyayo vijñāyate, evaṃ tarhi "vyapadeśivadbhāvo'prātipadikena" (śā.pa.65) iti kevalebhya- pratyayo nopapadyate? naiṣa doṣaḥ; asamāsagarahaṇena hi grahaṇavatparibhāṣāyā (vyā.pa.89) nivṛttirākhyātā, nivṛttāyāñca "ye navidhistadantasya" 1.1.71 iti tadantādbhavati. tatra ca "svasya ca rūpasya" (kāśikā.1.1.72) iti prakṛtatvāt? kevalādapi bhavati. yattu manyate-"apūrvopādānasāmathryāt? kevalāditi lāghavārthaṃ kevalānāṃ pāṭhaḥ syāt()" iti, yatkiñcadetat(). "ita uttarañca" ityādi. kathaṃ punariṣyamāṇo'pi tadantavidhirlabhyate, yāvatā "grahaṇavatā prātipadikena tadantavidhirna" (vyā.pa.89) iti pratiṣidhyate? asyāḥ paribhāṣāyā anityatvāt(). anityatvaṃ tu tasyā gargādiṣu "vājāse" iti samāse pratyayapratiṣedhādgamyate. nityatve hi vājaśabdādutpadyamānasya pratyayasya samāse prāptireva nāstīti pratiṣedhaṃ kuryāt(). "dviśūrpam()" iti. dvābhyāṃ śūrpābhyāṃ krītamiti taddhitārthe dviguṃ kṛtvā. na tāvadeṣā lugantā prakṛtiriti saṃkhyāpūrvapadādapi "śūrpādañanyatarasyām()" 5.1.26 ityañeva kriyate, tasya "avyadrdhapūrvadvigorlugasaṃjñāyām()" 5.1.28 iti luk(). "dviśaurpikam()" iti. "parimāṇāntasyāsaṃjñāśāṇayoḥ" 7.3.17 ityuttarapadavṛddhiḥ. yaduktam()--"saṃkhyāpūrvapadānāṃ tadantavidhiritīṣyate" iti, yaccoktam()--"lugantāyāstu prakṛterneṣyate" iti, tadubhayamāptāgamena sthirīkarttumāha--"tathā coktam()" ityādi॥ "kano'pavādaḥ" iti. uttarasūtreṇa prāptasya. "śatikam()" iti. "tadasya parimāṇam()" 5.1.56 iti vatrtamāne "saṃkhyāyāḥ saṃjñāsaṅghasūtrādhyayaneṣu" 5.1.57 iti saṅghe pratyayārthe vivikṣita uttarasūtreṇa kanneva bhavati. "pratyayārtho'tra saṅghaḥ" iti. śatamadhyāyānāṃ parimāṇaṃ yasya nidānakhyagranthasya, sa ceha pratyayārthaḥ. sa ca śatasaṃkhyāvyavacchinnāvyāyasamudāyātmaka iti saṅgha eva paratyayārto bhavati. "śatameva vastutaḥ" iti. avyāyaśatasyānanyārthatvāt tatasca prakṛtyarthāt? na bhidyate. tadeva hradhyāyānāṃ śataṃ prakṛtyābhidhīyate, pratyayāntenāpi tadeveti neha prakṛtyarthāt? pratyayārthabhedaḥ. tadetena yatra cāvyatiriktaḥ prakṛtyārthāt? pratyayārthastatra pratiṣedho bhaviṣyati. na ca vyatirikta ityetadākhyātam(). nanu ca "saṅghe cānauttarādharye" 3.3.42, "saṃkhyāyāḥ saṃjñāsaṅghasūtrādhyayaneṣu" 5.1.57 ityatra ca prāṇisamūhe saṅghaśabdo gṛhrate, tatara kathaṃ granthaviṣayo gṛhrate/ upacāreṇetyadoṣaḥ. yadi vā saṃkhyāsūtre saṃjñāśabdasāhacaryādviśiṣṭaḥ saṅgho gṛhrate. "saṅghe cānauttarādharye" ityatrāpi "chandonāmni ca" 3.3.34 ityato nāmagrahaṇānuvṛtteḥ prāṇisaṅgho gṛhrate. iha tu yatvābhāvād? ganthasyāpi grahaṇamityaviśeṣaḥ. "iha tu" ityādi. nanu ca śate'bhidheye pratiṣedhena bhavitavyam(), iha ca śatadyaṃ śāṭakaśatam(), śatikaṃ śāṭakaśatamityukte śataṃ pratīyata eva, tatkimiti pratiṣedho na bhavati? ityāha--"vākyena" ityādi. śatyaśatikaśabdau hi sāyānyaśabdau, sāmānyaśabdāśca na prakaraṇādikamantareṇa viśeṣe vatrtante. tena yāvacchāṭakaśatimityetatpadāntaraṃ na prayujyate, tāvat? pratyayārthasya śatatvaṃ nāvasīyate. tasmāt? padāntarasannidhau gamyamānatvāt? padāntarārtho bhavati, na pratyāyārthaḥ. "na śrutyā" iti. gamyata iti sambandhaḥ. yatra pratyayāntena padāntaranirapekṣeṇa pratyayārthasya śatatā'‌'khyāyate, tatra śrutyā pratyayāntaśravaṇamātreṇaiva gamyate, yathā--pratyudāharaṇe śataṃ parimāṇamasya śatakamityukte gamyata evaitat()--pratyayārtho'pi śatameveti. iha tu vākyācchatatvaṃ pratīyate. na ca padasaṃskārakāle vākyārthastayāṅgabhāvo'sti. tadā tasyopasarjanatvāt? prakṛtyarthādatirikte pratyayārthe pratiṣedho bhavati, na tu vyatiriktavākyagamya iti. tadāptavacanena draḍhayitumāha--"tathā coktam()" ityādi. śatapratiṣedhe katrtavye prakṛtyarthādanyasya pratyayārthasya śatatve'pratiṣedha ityetaduktaṃ bhavati. tatrānyat? prakṛtyarthaḥ śatam(), anyat? pratyayārthaḥ śatam(). tatra vidhireva bhavati; na pratiṣedha iti. kena panaḥ samāse prāpnoti, yatastatpratiṣedārtho'samāsānukarṣaṇārthaścakāraḥ kriyate? ityāha--"prāgvateḥ" ityādi॥