Pāṇini 3.3.19

Grammatical Sūtra: अकर्तरि च कारके संज्ञायाम् akartari ca kārake saṃjñāyām Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: akartari ca kārake saṃjñāyām
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: akartari ca kārake saṃjñāyām pratyayaḥ (3.1.1), paraḥ (3.1.2), ca (3.1.2), ādyudāttaḥ (3.1.3), ca (3.1.3), dhātoḥ (3.1.91), kṛt (3.1.93), kriyāyām (3.3.10), kriyārthāyām (3.3.10), ghañ (3.3.16), bhāve (3.3.18)
Type of Rule: vidhi
Preceding adhikāra rule:3.2.134 (1ā kveḥ tacchīlataddharmatatsādhukāriṣu)

Description:

Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)

And the affix 'ghañ' comes after a root, when the sense is that of an appellative, the word being related to the verb from which its name is deduced, but not as agent. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[The kŕt 1.93 affix 1.1 GHaÑ 16 is introduced after 1.2 a verbal stem 1.91] to derive forms denoting a kāraka other than the agent (á-kartar-i) when the derivative is a (proper) name (saṁjñā-yām). Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 3.3.16, 3.3.18

Mahābhāṣya: With kind permission: Dr. George Cardona

1/60:kārakagrahaṇam kimartham |
2/60:kārakagrahaṇam anādeśe svārthavijñānāt |*
3/60:kārakagrahaṇam anādeśe svārthavijñānāt |
4/60:anirdiṣṭārthāḥ pratyayāḥ svārthe bhavanti iti |
5/60:tat yathā |
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1/60:kārakagrahaṇam kimartham |
2/60:kārakagrahaṇam anādeśe svārthavijñānāt |*
3/60:kārakagrahaṇam anādeśe svārthavijñānāt |
4/60:anirdiṣṭārthāḥ pratyayāḥ svārthe bhavanti iti |
5/60:tat yathā |
6/60:guptijkidbhyaḥ san yāvādibhyaḥ kan iti |
7/60:evam ime api pratyayāḥ svārthe syuḥ |
8/60:svārthe mā bhūvan kārake yathā syuḥ iti evamartham idam ucyate |
9/60:na etat asti prayojanam |
10/60:vihitaḥ pratyayaḥ svārthe bhāve ghañ iti |
11/60:tena atriprasaktam iti kṛtvā niyamārthaḥ ayam vijñāyeta |
12/60:akartari sañjñāyām eva iti |
13/60:asti ca idānīm kaḥ cit sañjñābhūtaḥ bhāvaḥ yadarthaḥ vidhiḥ syāt |
14/60:asti iti āha : āvāhaḥ , vivāhaḥ iti |
15/60:kaimarthakyāt niyamaḥ bhavati |
16/60:vidheyam na asti iti kṛtvā |
17/60:iha ca asti vidheyam |
18/60:akartari ca kārake sañjñāyām ghañ vidheyaḥ |
19/60:tatra apūrvaḥ vidhiḥ astu niyamaḥ astu iti apūrvaḥ eva vidhiḥ bhaviṣyati na niyamaḥ |
20/60:tat eva tarhi prayojanam svārthe mā bhūvan iti |
21/60:nanu ca uktam vihitaḥ pratyayaḥ svārthe bhāve ghañ iti iti |
22/60:anyaḥ saḥ bhāvaḥ bāhyaḥ prakṛtyarthāt |
23/60:anena idānīm ābhyantare bhāve syāt |
24/60:kaḥ punaḥ etayoḥ bhāvayoḥ viśeṣaḥ |
25/60:uktaḥ bhāvabhedaḥ bhāṣye |
26/60:etat api na asti prayojanam |
27/60:nañivayuktam anyasadṛśādhikaraṇe |
28/60:tathā hi arthagatiḥ |
29/60:nañyuktam ivayuktam ca asnyasmin tatsadṛśe kāryam vijñayate |
30/60:tathā hi arthaḥ gamyate |
31/60:tat yathā |
32/60:abrāhmaṇam ānaya iti ukte brāhmaṇasadṛśam puruṣam ānayati |
33/60:na asau loṣṭam ānīya kṛtī bhavati |
34/60:evam iha api akartari iti kartṛpratiṣedhāt anyasmin akartari kartṛsadṛśe kāryam vijñasyate |
35/60:kim ca anyat akartṛ kartṛsadṛśam |
36/60:kārakam |
37/60:uttarārtham tarhi kārakagrahaṇam kartavyam |
38/60:parimāṇākhyāyām sarvebhyaḥ kārake yathā syāt |
39/60:iha mā bhūt |
40/60:ekā tilocchritiḥ |
41/60:deve sṛtī iti |
42/60:ghañanukramaṇam ajabviṣaye avacane hi strīpratyayānām api avādavijñānam iti vakṣyati |
43/60:tat na vaktavyam bhavati |
44/60:etat api na asti prayojanam |
45/60:atra api akartari iti eva anuvartiṣyate |
46/60:sañjñāgrahaṇānarthakyam ca sarvatra ghañaḥ darśanāt |*
47/60:sañjñāgrahaṇam ca anarthakam |
48/60:kim kāraṇam |
49/60:sarvatra ghañaḥ darśanāt |
50/60:asañjñāyām api hi ghañ dṛśyate |
51/60:kaḥ bhavatā dāyaḥ dattaḥ |
52/60:kaḥ bhavatā lābhaḥ labdhaḥ iti |
53/60:yadi sañjñāgrahaṇam na kriyate atiprasaṅgaḥ bhavati |
54/60:kṛtaḥ kaṭaḥ iti atra kāraḥ kaṭa iti prāpnoti |
55/60:atiprasaṅgaḥ iti cet abhidhānalakṣaṇatvāt pratyayasya siddham |*
56/60:atiprasaṅgaḥ iti cet tat na |
57/60:kim kāraṇam |
58/60:abhidhānalakṣaṇatvāt pratyayasya siddham |
59/60:abhidhānalakṣaṇāḥ kṛttaddhitasamādāḥ |
60/60:anabhidhānāt na bhaviṣyanti |

Kielhorn/Abhyankar (II,145.5-146.7) Rohatak (III,325-327)

*Kātyāyana's Vārttikas

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: kartṛvarjite kārake saṃjñāyāṃ viṣaye dhātoḥ ghañ bhavati. prāsyanti taṃ prāsaḥ. See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: akartari ca kārake saṃjñāyām 3.3.19 kartṛvarjite kārake saṃjñāyāṃ viṣaye dhātoḥ See More

Nyāsa²: akatrtari ca kārake saṃjñāyām. , 3.3.19 "prāsaḥ"iti. "asu kṣepaṇe See More

akatrtari ca kārake saṃjñāyām. , 3.3.19 "prāsaḥ"iti. "asu kṣepaṇe" (dhā.pā.1209), "prasevaḥ" iti. "ṣivṛ tantusantāne" (dhā.pā.1108), ubhayatrāpyatra karmaṇi ghañ. "āhāraḥ" iti. "hmañ haraṇe" (dhā.pā.899). "madhurāhāraḥ" iti. karmadhārayaḥ, ṣaṣṭhītatpuruṣo vā. "meṣaḥ" iti. "miṣa spadrdhāyām" (dhā.pā.1352), pacādyac. "katrtavyaḥ" iti. karmaṇi tavyaḥ. "cakāraḥ saṃjñāvyabhicārārthaḥ" iti. cakāro'yaṃ bhinnakramaḥ saṃjñāyāmityasyānantaraṃ draṣṭavyaḥ, tadanena cārtha dyotyate. "saṃjñāyāñca"iti cārthaṃ dyotayannasau saṃjñāvyabhicārāya bhavati, tenāsaṃjñāyāmapi ca bhavati yadyevam, saṃjñāgrahaṇamakṛtvā sāmānyenaiva pratyayo vidheyaḥ; tatrāpyayamarthaḥ-- saṃjñāvyabhicārārthaścakāro na katrtavyo bhavati? satyametat ; tathāpi bāhulyena saṃjñāyāṃ bhavati; asaṃjñāyāṃ tu kvacidevetyamumarthaṃ sūcayituṃ saṃjñāgrahaṇaṃ kṛtam. dīyata iti "dāyaḥ" karmaṇi ghañ, pūrvavad yuk. "lābhaḥ" iti karmaṇyeva ghañ. "kārakagrahaṇam" ityādi. paryudāse hi "akatrtari" ityukte kārakagrahaṇamanteraṇāpi nañivayuktanyāyena (vyā.pa.65) kartturanyatra tādṛśe kāraka eva karmādau pratītirbhavati, yathā-- abrāāhṛṇa iti brāāhṛṇasadṛśe kṣatriyādau. tasmāt paryudāse vināpi kārakagrahaṇena kārakaeva pratyayo labhyataita kārakagrahaṇaṃ na katrtavyam. prasajyapratiṣedhe tu katrtavyam, tatra hi kriyāpratiṣedhamātraṃ pratīyate, na sadṛśaṃ vastvantaram. tatra yadi "akatrtari saṃjñāyām" ityetāvaducyeta, katrtari na bhavatītyeṣo'rthaḥ pratīyeta. evañca vidhāyakasya vākyāntarasyābha#āvāt karmādiṣu pratyayo na syāt. kva tarhi syāt? "anirddiṣṭārthāḥ pratyayāḥ svārthe bhavanti (puṃ.pa.90) iti svārthe. nanu ca vihitaḥ svārthe pūrveṇeva? naitadasti;"dhātvarthasya hi siddhatā nāma yo dharmastatra ghañādayo vidhīyante" ityuktam. tasmāt prasajyapratiṣedhe kārakagrahaṇaṃ kriyate? ityata āha-- paryudāse kārakagrahaṇamantareṇāpi sidhyati, sa evāśrayiṣyate, tatkimarthamaṃ kārakagrahaṇaṃ kriyate? ityata āha-- "tatkriyate" ityādi. yadi tarhi paryudāsa evaiṣa nañsamāsaḥ syāt, kārakagrahaṇamanarthakaṃ syāt, vināpi hi tena kāraka eva pratyayo labhyate; prasajyapratiṣedhe tu sati kārakagrahaṇamarthavadbhavati, na hi tatra vināpi tena kārake pratyayo labhyate. ivañcānantarameva pratipādanam. tasmāt kārakagrahaṇena prasajyapratiṣedhe'pi samāso'stīti jñāpyate. tena "ādeca upadeśe'śiti" 6.1.44 ityatra prasajyapratiṣedhe samāso labhyate, tataśca yaduktam--"anaimittikamāttvaṃ śiti pratiṣedhaḥ" iti, tadupapannaṃ bhavati. kiṃ punaḥ kāraṇaṃ tatra prasajyapratiṣedha āśrīyate? prāgeva pratyayotpatteranimittaka āttve kṛte suglaḥ sumla iti "ātaścopasarge" 3.1.136 iti ko yathā syāt. paryudāse tu tatrāśrīyamāṇe śito'nyatra tṛjādau pratyaye parabhūta āttvena bhavitavyam, tataśca glāyatiprabhṛtibhya ākārāntalakṣamaḥ pratyayo na syāt. nanu cācāryapravṛttijrñāpayati-- bhavantyejantebhya ākārāntalakṣaṇaḥ pratyaya iti, yadayaṃ kabādhanārthaṃ "hvāvāmaśca" 3.2.2 ityaṇaṃ śāsti, tasmādaśitīti paryudāse'pyāśrīyamāṇe jñāpakādejantasyākārāntalakṣaṇaḥ pratyayaḥ sidhyatyeva? naitadasti; karmopapadaviṣayamevaitajjñāpakaṃ vijñāyate. tasmādaśitītyatra prasajyapratiṣedha evāśrayituṃ yuktaḥ. tasya cāstitvamiha kārakagrahaṇena jñāpyate. kiṃ punaḥ kāraṇaṃ prasajyapratiṣedho na sidhyati, yatastadastitvajñāpanaṃ pratipannaṃ kriyate? asāmathryaṃ kāraṇam; sāmarthye hi sati samāsena bhavitavyam,na ca tat prasajyapratiṣedhe. tathā hi tatar nañ kriyayā sambaddhaḥ, nottarapadena॥