Pāṇini 2.1.51

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Grammatical Sūtra: तद्धितार्थोत्तरपदसमाहारे च taddhitārthottarapadasamāhāre ca Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: taddhitārthottarapadasamāhāre ca
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: taddhitārthottarapadasamāhāre ca ekā (1.4.1), saṃjñā (1.4.1), sup (2.1.2), samāsaḥ (2.1.3), saha (2.1.4), supā (2.1.4), vibhāṣā (2.1.11), tatpuruṣaḥ (2.1.22), samānādhikaraṇena (2.1.49), diksaṅkhye (2.1.50)
Type of Rule: vidhi
Preceding adhikāra rule:2.1.22 (1tatpuruṣaḥ)

Description:

Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)

In a case where the sense is that of a Taddhita-affix, or when an additional member comes after the compound, or when an aggregate, is to be expressed, then a word signifying a point of the compass or a number, enters into composition with a case-inflected word which is in agreement with it by being in the same case, and the compound so formed is called Tat-purusha. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[Nominal padás 2 denoting direction (díś) or number words (saṁkhyā) 50 optionally 11 combine with 4 a syntactically connected 1 nominal padá 4 having a common frame of reference with them 49 to form a tatpuruṣá 22 compound 3] provided (a) the meaning to be expressed is one for which a taddhitá affix is introduced or (b) the two constituent members occur before a subsequent member (uttara-padá) or (c) a collection (samāhārá)is to be denoted. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 2.1.49, 2.1.50

Mahābhāṣya: With kind permission: Dr. George Cardona

1/32:samāhāraḥ iti kaḥ ayam śabdaḥ |
2/32:samāṅpūrvāt harateḥ sarmasādhane ghañ |
3/32:samāhriyate samāhāraḥ iti |
4/32:yadi karmasādhanaḥ pañca kumāryaḥ samahṛtāḥ pañcakumāri daśakumāri gostriyoḥ upasarjanasya iti hrasvatvam na prāpnoti dviguḥ ekavacanam iti etat ca vaktavyam |
5/32:evam tarhi bhāvasādhanaḥ bhaviṣyati |
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1/32:samāhāraḥ iti kaḥ ayam śabdaḥ |
2/32:samāṅpūrvāt harateḥ sarmasādhane ghañ |
3/32:samāhriyate samāhāraḥ iti |
4/32:yadi karmasādhanaḥ pañca kumāryaḥ samahṛtāḥ pañcakumāri daśakumāri gostriyoḥ upasarjanasya iti hrasvatvam na prāpnoti dviguḥ ekavacanam iti etat ca vaktavyam |
5/32:evam tarhi bhāvasādhanaḥ bhaviṣyati |
6/32:samāharaṇam samāhāraḥ |
7/32:atha bhāvasādhane sati kim abhidhīyate |
8/32:yat tat auttarādharyam |
9/32:kaḥ punaḥ gavām samāhāraḥ |
10/32:yat tat arjanam krayaṇam bhiṣaṇam aparaharaṇam vā |
11/32:yadi evam vikṣipteṣu pūleṣu goṣu carantīṣu na sidhyati |
12/32:evam tarhi samabhyāśīkaraṇam samāhāraḥ |
13/32:evam api pañcagrāmī ṣaṇṇagarī tripurī iti na sidhyati |
14/32:kim kāraṇam |
15/32:sam ekatvavācī āṅ ābhimukhye vartate haratiḥ deśāntaraprāpaṇe |
16/32:na avaśyam haratiḥ deśāntaraprāpaṇe eva vartate |
17/32:kim tarhi |
18/32:sādṛśye api vartate |
19/32:tat yathā mātuḥ anuharati pituḥ anuharati |
20/32:atha vā pañcagrāmī ṣaṇṇagarī tripurī iti na eva idam iyati eva avatiṣṭhate |
21/32:avaśyam asau tataḥ kim cit ākāṅkṣati kriyām vā guṇam vā |
22/32:yat ākāṅkṣata tat ekam sa ca samāhāraḥ |
23/32:ayam tarhi bhāvasādhane sati doṣaḥ |
24/32:pañcapūlī ānīyatām iti bhāvānayane codite dravyānayanam na prāpoti |
25/32:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
26/32:iha tāvat ayam praṣṭavyaḥ |
27/32:atha iha gauḥ anubandhyaḥ ajaḥ agnīṣomīyaḥ iti katham ākṛtau coditāyām dravye ārambhaṇālambhanaprokṣaṇaviśasanāni kriyante |
28/32:asambhavāt |
29/32:ākṛtau ārambhaṇādīnām sambhavaḥ na asti iti kṛtvā ākṛtisahacarite dravye ārambhaṇādīni kriyante |
30/32:idam api evañjātīyakam eva |
31/32:asambhavāt bhāvānayanasya dravyānayanam bhaviṣyati |
32/32:atha vā avyatirekāt dravyākṛtyoḥ |

1/54:kim punaḥ dvigusañjñā pratyayottarapadayoḥ bhavati |
2/54:evam bhavitum arhati |
3/54:dvigusañjñā pratyayottarapadayoḥ cet itaretarāśrayatvāt aprasiddhiḥ |*
4/54:dvigusañjñā pratyayottarapadayoḥ cet itaretarāśrayatvāt aprasiddhiḥ |
5/54:kā etaretarāśrayatā |
6/54:dvigunimitte pratyayottarapade pratyayottarapadanimittā ca dvigusañjñā |
7/54:tat etat itaretarāśrayam |
8/54:itaretarāśrayāṇi ca na prakalpante |
9/54:evam tarhi arthe it vakṣyāmi |
10/54:arthe cet taddhitānutpattiḥ bahuvrīhivat |*
11/54:arthe cet taddhitotpattiḥ na prāpnoti |
12/54:pāñcanāpitiḥ , dvimāturaḥ , traimāturaḥ |
13/54:kim kāraṇam |
14/54:dvigunā uktatvāt bahuvrīhivat |
15/54:tat yathā citraguḥ iti bahuvrīhiṇoktatvāt matvarthasya matvarthīyaḥ na bhavati |
16/54:evam tarhi samāsataddhitavidhau iti vakṣyāmi |
17/54:samāsataddhitavidhau iti cet anyatra samāsasañjñābhāvaḥ |*
18/54:samāsataddhitavidhau iti cet anyatra samāsasañjñā na prāpnoti |
19/54:kva anyatra |
20/54:svare |
21/54:pañcāratniḥ , daśāratniḥ |
22/54:igante dvigau iti eṣaḥ svaraḥ na prāpnoti |
23/54:siddham tu pratyayottarapadayoḥ ca iti vacanāt |*
24/54:siddham etat |
25/54:katham |
26/54:pratyayottarapadayoḥ ca iti vacanāt |
27/54:pratyayottarapadayoḥ dvigusañjñā bhavati iti vaktavyam |
28/54:nanu ca uktam dvigusañjñā pratyayottarapadayoḥ cet itaretarāśrayatvāt aprasiddhiḥ iti |
29/54:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
30/54:itaretarāśrayamātram etat coditam sarvāṇi ca itaretarāśrayāṇi ekatvena parihṛtāni siddham tu nityaśabdatvāt iti |
31/54:na idam tulyam anyaiḥ itaretarāśrayaiḥ |
32/54:na hi sañjñā nityā |
33/54:evam tarhi bhāvinī sañjñā vijñāsyate |
34/54:tat yathā : kaḥ cit kam cit tantuvāyam āha : asya sūtrasya śāṭakam vaya iti |
35/54:saḥ paśyati |
36/54:yadi śāṭakaḥ na vātavyaḥ atha vātavyaḥ na śāṭakaḥ |
37/54:śāṭakaḥ vātavyaḥ ca iti vipratiṣiddham |
38/54:bhāvinī khalu asya sañjñā abhipretā |
39/54:saḥ manye vātavyaḥ yasmin ute śāṭakaḥ iti etat bhavati iti |
40/54:evam iha api tasmin dviguḥ bhavati yasya abhinirvṛttasya pratyaya uttarapadam iti ca ete sañjñe bhaviṣyataḥ |
41/54:atha vā punaḥ astu arthe iti |
42/54:nanu ca uktam arthe cet taddhitānutpattiḥ bahuvrīhivat iti |
43/54:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
44/54:na avaśyam arthaśabdaḥ abhidheye eva vartate |
45/54:kim tarhi |
46/54:syādarthe api vartate |
47/54:tat yathā |
48/54:dārārtham ghaṭāmahe |
49/54:dhanārtham bhikṣāmahe |
50/54:dārāḥ naḥ syuḥ |
51/54:dhanāni naḥ syuḥ iti |
52/54:evam iha api taddhitārthe dviguḥ bhavati taddhitaḥ syāt iti |
53/54:dvigoḥ vā lugvacanam jñāpakam taddhitotpatteḥ |*
54/54:atha vā yat ayam dvigoḥ luk anapatye iti dvigoḥ uttarasya taddhitasya lukam śāsti tat jñāpayati ācāryaḥ utpadyate dvigoḥ taddhitaḥ iti|