Pāṇini 1.2.44

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Grammatical Sūtra: एकविभक्ति चापूर्वनिपाते ekavibhakti cāpūrvanipāte Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: ekavibhakti ca āpūrvanipāte
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: ekavibhakti ca āpūrvanipāte samāse (1.2.43), upasarjanam (1.2.43)
Compounds²: ekā vibhaktiḥ yasya tat ekavibhakti (padaṃ), bahuvrīhiḥ॥ pūrvaḥ ca asau nipātaḥ ca iti purvanipātaḥ, karmadhārayaḥ tatpuruṣaḥ। na pūrvanipātaḥ apūrvanipātaḥ tasmin apūrvanipāte, nañtatpuruṣaḥ॥
Type of Rule: saṃjñā

Description:

Source:Laghusiddhānta kaumudī (Ballantyne)

A word which has one fixed case, (while the word compounded with it may vary its case) is also {upasarjana}, except for the purposes of the rule which requires the {upasarjana} to stand first in a compound. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

[(The t.t.) upasárjana 43] also (ca) denotes [a member of a compound 43] which always has the same case ending (éka-vibhakti) (in the deep structure of the compound) except with respect to being placed in the prior position (á-pūrva-nipāte). Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Samāse vidhīyamāne, ekavibhaktikaṃ = niyatavibhaktikaṃ padam upasarjanasaṃjñaṃ bhavati, tatsambandhipadaṃ sarvābhiḥ vibhaktibhiḥ yujyamāne api, pūrvanipātam upasarjanakāryaṃ varjayitvā॥ Source: Sanskrit Documents

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 1.2.43

Mahābhāṣya: With kind permission: Dr. George Cardona

1/15:dvitīyādīnām api anena upasarjanasañjñā prāpnoti |
2/15:tatra kaḥ doṣaḥ |
3/15:tatra apūrvanipāte iti pratiṣedhaḥ prasajyeta |
4/15:na apratiṣedhāt |
5/15:na ayam prasajyapratiṣedhaḥ : pūrvanipāte na iti |
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Kielhorn/Abhyankar (I,215 23-216.5) Rohatak (II,67-68)

*Kātyāyana's Vārttikas

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: eka vibhāktir yasya tadidam ekavibhākti. samāse vidhīyamāne yan niyatavibhaktika See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: ekavibhākti ca apūrvanipāte 1.2.44 eka vibhāktir yasya tadidam ekavibhākti. sam See More

Nyāsa²: ekavibhakti cāpūrvanipāte. , 1.2.44 apradhamānirdiṣṭārtho'yamārambhaḥ. vibhaktiś See More

ekavibhakti cāpūrvanipāte. , 1.2.44 apradhamānirdiṣṭārtho'yamārambhaḥ. vibhaktiśabdaḥ supāṃ vācakaḥ, vibhāgavacano vā. kārakaśaktirvibhāgaḥ--vibhajyate prātipadikārtho'nayeti kṛtvā. "samāse vidhīyamāne" iti. samāsārthavākyakāle. tadā hi tasya samāsasya vidhīyamānatā bhavati. etena samāsagrahaṇamanuvartamānaṃ samāsārthe vākye vatrtate, na samāsaśāstra iti darśayati. samāsaśāstre hi sarvameva śabdarūpamekavibhaktikameva bhavatītyekavibhaktigrahaṇamanarthakaṃ syāditi bhāvaḥ. sarvameva hi prātipadikaṃ paryāyeṇaikayā vibhaktyā prayujyate. tasmādekavibhaktigrahaṇasāmathryādavadhāraṇamatra vijñāyata ityata āha-- "yanniyatavibhaktikam" iti. tadeva spaṣṭīkurvannāha-- "dvitīye sambandhiti" ityādi. "pūrvapadenānāvibhaktike'pi" iti. niṣkrāntaśabdaḥ kartṛśaktyupasarjanībhūtaṃ dravyamāha. taccānekasādhanaśaktyupacitamiti kriyāntarasambandhādenekasādhanavibhaktikaṃ bhavati. "uttarapadaṃda tu pañcamyantameva bhavati" iti. niṣakramaṇakriyāpekṣayā'‌'virbhūtāpādānaśaktikatvāt. "niṣkauśāmbiḥ" ityatropasarjanasaṃjñākāryam"gāstriyorupasarjanasya" 1.2.48 iti hasvatvam. atha niso'tra kenopasarjanasaṃjñā vidhīyate, yayo'sya pūrvanipātaḥ? pūrvasūtreṇeti cet, naitadasti; tenāpradhānasyopasarjanasaṃjñāvidhānāt, nisaścātra prādhānyāt. evaṃ tarhi cakārasyānuktasamuccāyārthatvāt bhaviṣyati. anye tvāhuḥ-- mā bhūnnisa upasarjanasaṃjñā, asatyāmapi tasyāṃ pūrvanipāto bhaviṣyati, "ekavibhakti cāpūrvanipāte" 1.2.44 iti vacanāditi, etaccāyuktam; pūrvanipāte hi katrtavya ekavibhaktikasyopasarjanasaṃjñā nāstyeva. tatra yadi nisa upasarjanasaṃjñā na syāt, tadodaharaṇe dvayorapyasatyāṃ tasyāṃ paryāyeṇāniyaḥ pūrvanipātaḥ prasajyeta. atha kathamardhapippalyādīnāmūpasarjanasaṃjñā na bhavati? atra ca "vibhāṣā cchandasi" 1.2.36 ityato vibhāṣāgrahaṇaṃ mamḍūkaplutanyāyenānuvartate, sā ca vyavasthitavibhāṣā. tenārdha pippalyā ardhapippalītyādau viṣaye pippalyādīnāmekavibhaktiyuktānāmapyusarjanasaṃjñā na bhavati. yadi hi syāt, tadā hyasvatvaṃ syāt॥

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī¹: vigrahe yanniyatavibhaktikaṃ tadupasarjanasaṃjñaṃ syānna tu tasya pūrvanipātaḥ. Sū #954

Laghusiddhāntakaumudī²: ekavibhakti cāpūrvanipāte 954, 1.2.44 vigrahe yanniyatavibhaktikaṃ tadupasarjana See More

Bālamanoramā¹: atra diśāśabdasyāpi upasarjanatvamāha-ekavibhakti. `prathamānirdiṣṭaṃ samāsa up Sū #647 See More

Bālamanoramā²: ekavibhakti cāpūrvanipāte 647, 1.2.44 atra diśāśabdasyāpi upasarjanatvamāha-ekav See More

1.Source: Arsha Vidya Gurukulam
2.Source: Sanskrit Documents

Examples²:

niṣkauśāmbiḥ, nirvārāṇasiḥ। niṣtrāntaḥ kauśāmbyā niṣkauśāmbiḥ। niṣtrāntaṃ kauśāmbyā niṣkauśāmbim। niṣkrāntena kauśāmbyā niṣkauśāmbinā। niṣkrāntāya kauśāmbyā niṣkauśāmbaye। niṣkrāntāt kauśāmbyā niṣkauśāmbeḥ। niṣkrāntasya kauśāmbyā niṣkauśāmbeḥ। niṣkrānte kauśāmbyā niṣkauśāmbau। he niṣkrānta kauśāmbyā niṣkauśāmbe। sarvatra eva atra -- kauśāmbyāḥ -- iti niyatavibhaktikaṃ pañcamyantaṃ padaṃ varttate, yadyapi tatsambandhi -- niṣkrānta -- iti padaṃ bahubhiḥ vibhaktibhiḥ yujyate। evaṃ -- nirvārāṇasiḥ -- ityapi bodhyam॥

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