Pāṇini 1.2.32

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Grammatical Sūtra: तस्यादित उदात्तमर्धह्रस्वम् tasyādita udāttamardhahrasvam Chantings of the aṣṭādhyāyī kindly with permision Sai Susarla.
Individual Word Components: tasya āditaḥ udāttam ardhahrasvam
Sūtra with anuvṛtti words: tasya āditaḥ udāttam ardhahrasvam
Compounds²: ardhaṃ hrasvasya ardhahrasvam, {ardhaṃ napuṃsakam (2।2।2)} ityanena tatpuruṣasamāsaḥ।
Type of Rule: ākhyāna

Description:

Of it (svarita) the first portion is {udâtta}, to the extent of a half measure, or prosodial length. Source: Aṣṭādhyāyī 2.0

Of that (tásya) [svaritá 31] the duration of half a mora (ardhahrasvá) vowel (aC) 28 from the beginning (ādítaḥ) is udātta `high-pitched'. Source: From Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini In Roman Transliteration translated by Sumitra M. Katre, Copyright © 1987. Courtesy of the University of Texas Press.

Tasya iti sāpekṣakaṃ padaṃ svaritaḥ ityetam anukarṣati। {āditaḥ} ityatra {tasiprakaraṇo ādyādibhya upasaṅkhyānam (vā॰ 5।4।44)} ityanena vārttikena tasiḥ pratyayaḥ, {taddhitaścāsa॰ (1।1।37)} ityanenāvyayatvam। ardhahrasvamātram ardhahrasvaṃ, mātraco'tra {pramāṇe lo vaktavyaḥ (vā॰ 5।2।37)} ityanena vārttikena lopaḥ draṣṭavyaḥ। tasya svaritasya ādau, ardhahrasvam udāttaṃ bhavati, śeṣam anudāttam। Source: Sanskrit Documents

Source:Srisa Chandra Vasu's Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini

Anuvṛtti: 1.2.31

1/34:ardhahrasvam iti ucyate |
2/34:tatra dīrghaplutayoḥ na prāpnoti |
3/34:kanyā śaktike3 śaktike |
4/34:na eṣaḥ doṣaḥ |
5/34:mātracaḥ atra lopaḥ draṣṭavyaḥ |
6/34:ardhahrasvamātram ardhahrasvam iti |
7/34:kimartham idam ucyate |
8/34:āmiśrībhūtam iva idam bhavati |
9/34:tat yathā : kṣīrodake sampṛkte* āmiśrībhūtatvāt na jñāyate : kiyat kṣīram kiyat udakam kasmin avakāśe kṣīram kasmin avakāśe udakam iti |
10/34:evam iha api āmiśrībhūtatvāt na jñāyate : kiyat udāttam kiyat anudāttam kasmin avakāśe udāttam kasmin avakāśe anudāttam iti |
11/34:tat ācāryaḥ suhṛt bhūtvā anvācaṣṭe : iyat udāttam iyat anudāttam asmin avakāśe udāttam asmin avakāśe anudāttam iti |
12/34:yadi ayam evam suhṛt kim anyāni api evañjātīyakāni na upadiśati |
13/34:kāni punaḥ tāni |
14/34:sthānakaraṇānupradānāni |
15/34:vyākaraṇam nāma iyam uttarā vidyā |
16/34:saḥ asau chandaḥśāstreṣu abhivinītaḥ upalabdhyā avagantum utsahate |
17/34:yadi evam na arthaḥ anena |
18/34:idam api upalabdhyā gamiṣyati |
19/34:sañjñākaraṇam tarhi idam : tasya svaritasya āditaḥ ardhahrasvam udāttasañjñam iti |
20/34:kim kṛtam bhavati |
21/34:triḥ udāttapradeśeṣu svaritagrahaṇam na kartavyam bhavati : udāttasvaritaparasya sannataraḥ , udāttasvaritayoḥ yaṇaḥ svaritaḥ anudāttasya na udāttasvaritodayam iti |
22/34:sañjñākaraṇam hi nāma yataḥ na laghīyaḥ |
23/34:kutaḥ etat |
24/34:laghvartham hi sañjñākaraṇam |
25/34:laghīyaḥ ca triḥ udāttapradeśeṣu svaritagrahaṇam na punaḥ sañjñākaraṇam |
26/34:triḥ udāttapradeśeṣu svaritagrahaṇe nava akṣarāṇi sañjñākaraṇe punaḥ ekādaśa |
27/34:evam tarhi ubhayam anena kriyate anvākhyānam ca sañjñā ca |
28/34:katham punaḥ ekena yatnena ubhayam labhyam |
29/34:labhyam iti āha |
30/34:katham |
31/34:anvarthagrahaṇam vijñāsyate : tasya svaritasya āditaḥ ardhahrasvram udāttasañjñam bhavati iti |
32/34:ūrdhvam āttam iti ca ataḥ udāttam |
33/34:yadi tarhi sañjñākaraṇam udāttādeḥ yat ucyate tat svaritādeḥ api prāpnoti |
34/34:anvākhyānam eva tarhi idam mandabuddheḥ |

1/29:svaritasyārdhahrasvodāttāt ā udāttasvaritaparasyasannatarāt ūrdhvam udāttādanudāttasyasvaritāt kāryam svaritāt iti siddhyartham |*
2/29:svaritasyārdhahrasvodāttāt ā udāttasvaritaparasyasannataraḥ iti etasmāt sūtrāt idam sūtrakāṇḍam ūrdhvam udāttāt anudāttasya svaritaḥ iti ataḥ kāryam |
3/29:kim prayojanam |
4/29:svaritāt iti siddhyartham |
5/29:svaritāt iti siddhiḥ yathā syāt |
6/29:svaritāt saṃhitāyām anudāttānām iti : imam me gaṅge yamune sarasvati śutudri |
7/29:kva tarhi syāt |
8/29:yaḥ siddhaḥ svaritaḥ : kāryam devadattayajñadattau |
9/29:svaritodāttārtham ca |*
10/29:svaritodāttārtham ca tatra eva kartavyam |
11/29:na subrahmaṇyāyām svaritasya tu udāttaḥ : indra agaccha |
12/29:kva tarhi syāt |
13/29:yaḥ siddhaḥ svaritaḥ : subrahmaṇyom indra agaccha |
14/29:svaritodāttāt ca asvaritārtham |*
15/29:svaritodāttāt ca asvaritārtham tatra eva kartavyam |
16/29:indra agaccha harivaḥ agaccha |
17/29:svaritaparasannatarārtham ca |*
18/29:svaritaparasannatarārtham ca tatra eva kartavyam |
19/29:udāttasvaritaparasya sannataraḥ : maṇavaka jaṭilakādhyāpaka nyaṅ |
20/29:kva tarhi syāt |
21/29:yaḥ siddhaḥ svaritaḥ : maṇavaka jaṭilakābhirūpaka kva |
22/29:tat tarhi vaktavyam |
23/29:na vaktavyam |
24/29:devabrahmaṇoḥ anudāttavacanam jñāpakam svaritāt iti siddhatvasya |*
25/29:devabrahmaṇoḥ anudāttavacanam jñāpakam siddhaḥ iha svaritaḥ iti |
26/29:yadi etat jñāpyate svaritodāttaparasya anudāttasya svaritatvam prāpnoti |
27/29:na brūmaḥ devabrahmaṇoḥ anudāttavacanam jñāpakam siddhaḥ iha svaritaḥ iti |
28/29:kim tarhi |
29/29:param etat kāṇḍam iti |

Kielhorn/Abhyankar (I,208.11-209.4) Rohatak (II,48-50)

*Kātyāyana's Vārttikas

Commentaries:

Kāśikāvṛttī¹: udāttānudāttasvarasamāhāraḥ svaritaḥ ityuktam. tatra na jñāyate kasminnaṃśe udāt See More

Kāśikāvṛttī²: tasyā'dita udāttam ardhahrasvam 1.2.32 udāttānudāttasvarasamāhāraḥ svaritaḥ ity See More

Nyāsa²: tasyādita udāttardhahyasvam. , 1.2.32 ādau = āditaḥ, saptamyrathe tasiḥ. ayameva See More

tasyādita udāttardhahyasvam. , 1.2.32 ādau = āditaḥ, saptamyrathe tasiḥ. ayameva nirdeśo jñāpakaḥ-- "ādyādibhyastasirbhavati" ityatra. tena tasiprakaraṇe "ādyādibhyaḥ upasaṃkhyānam" (vā.634) ityetanna vkatavyaṃ bhavati. "adrdhahyasvam" iti. hyasvasyādrdhamityarthaḥ. "ardhaṃ napuṃsakam" 2.2.2 iti samāsaḥ. tataśca "paravalliṅgam" 2.4.26 ityādinā puṃlliṅgena bhavitavyam, hyasvaśabdasya puṃlliṅgatvāt, naitadasti; hyasvaśabdo hi pramāṇaviśeṣaṃ guṇamupādāya pravṛttaḥ, "guṇavanacānāñcāśrayaliṅgavacanāni" iti guṇavacanatvāc śuklaśabda eva hyasvaśabdastriliṅgaḥ. "hyasvaḥ" iti mātrikasya saṃjñā kṛtā, tasyaiva vibhāgaḥ syāt, na tu dīrghaplutayorityāśaṅkyāha-- "adrdhahyasvam" ityādi. hyasvasyādrdhamadrdhamātrā bhavati, ato'drdhamātrā bhavati, ato'drdhahyasvagrahaṇenādrdhamātropalakṣyate. tata eva ca tasyetyuktam. trayāṇāṃ hyasvadīrghaplutānāṃ svaritānāṃ nirdeśārtham. yadi cādrdhahyasvagrahaṇamadrdhamātropalakṣaṇam, atastrayāṇāṃ nirdeśo'rthavān bhavati; nānyathā. "hyasvagrahaṇamatantrama" iti. atantrapradhānam, upalakṣaṇārthatvāt. yathā kākebhyo dadhi rakṣyatāmityatrakākāḥ. tena sarveṣāmeva hyasvādīnāmeṣa svaritavibhāgo bhavati. nanvevamapyāṣṭamikasya svaritasya vibhāgo na sidhyati, tasyāsiddhatvāt, naitadevam; yasmāt paravidhiḥ pūrvavidhāvasiddhaḥ. na cāyaṃ vidhiḥ, kiṃ tarhi? tasya vihitasya vibhāgākhyānārthaḥ. atha vā-- "na mu ne" 8.2.3 ityatra neti yogavibhāgāt siddhaṃ bhavati॥."evaśrirvā" iti. pūrvo bhāgo'yamudāttaḥ paṭutaraḥ. tenoparajyamānastadrūpatāmivāpannaḥ paro bhāgaḥ sphaṭikamaṇirivopadhānenoparaktaḥ śuddhenodāttena bhinnaśrutikatvādanudāttavyapadeśaṃ nārhati. udāttavyapadeśamapi nārhati; uparāgamātratvāt. tasmādekaśrutiriti kecit. anye tvāhuḥ-- pūrveṇa bhāgenānupajātarūpātiśayena noparajyate yadottarabhāgastadā svena rūpeṇa pratibhānādanudātta iti vyapadiśyate. yadā tūpadhānena sphaṭikamaṇiriva pūrveṇa bhāgena paṭīyasodāttenābhibhūyānurajyamānastadrūpatāmivopapadyate tadaikaśrutiriti vyapadiśyate. pūrvabhāgaśruterabhinnaikā tulyākārā śrutiryasyeti kṛtvā. na hi tadānīṃ pūrvottarayoḥ svaritaśrutiṃ prati kaścit bhedo'sti; dvayorapyudāttaguṇavattayā pratīyamānatvanāditi.

Siddhāntakaumudī¹: hrasvagrahaṇamatantram . svaritasyādito'rdhamudāttaṃ boddhyam . uttarārddhaṃ tu Sū #8 See More

Bālamanoramā¹: phalitamāha–udāttatvānudāttatve ityādinā. nanu udāttatvānudāttatvayorekasminnap Sū #10 See More

phalitamāha–udāttatvānudāttatve ityādinā. nanu udāttatvānudāttatvayorekasminnapi melane kasminbhāge udāttatvasya samāveśaḥ , kasminbhāge anudāttatvasya samāveśa ityata āha-tasyāditaḥ. tasya = svaritasya āditaḥ = pūrvabhāge ardhahyasvamudāttamityarthaḥ pratīyate. evaṃ sati dīrghasvarite iyaṃ vyavasthā na syāt. ata āha - hyasvagrahaṇatantramiti. tantraṃ = pradhānam. `tantraṃ pradhāne siddhānte' iti kośaḥ. na vidyate tantraṃ vācyārthalakṣaṇaṃ pradhānaṃ yasya tat atantraṃ. avivakṣitārthakamityarthaḥ. hyasvagrahaṇaṃ na kartavyamiti yāvat. dīrghasvarite'pyuttarabhāgasya vede anudāttatvadarśanāditi bhāvaḥ. tataśca phalitamāha– svaritasyādito'rdhamudāttaṃ bodhyamiti. nanu anudāttatvasya niveśavyavasthā kuto noktetyata āha–uttarārdhaṃ tviti. nanu evaṃ sati agnimīla ityatra īkāre svarite kathamuttarārdhamanudāttaṃ netyata āha–tasya ceti. cakāro vākyālaṅkāre. tasya anudāttabhāgasya udāttasvaritaparatve udāttasvaritau paro yasmāt saḥ udāttasvaritaparaḥ. tasya bhāvaḥ udāttasvaritaparatvam. udāttaparakatve svaritaparakatve vā sati śravaṇaṃ spaṣṭaṃ bhavatītyarthaḥ. anyatreti. udāttasvaritaparakatvābhāve anudāttapracayaparakatve, anudāttabhāgasya udāttataratvāparaparyāyā udāttaśrutiḥ ṛgvedaprātiśākhye vihitetyarthaḥ. tatra tvevamuktam–anudāttaḥ paraḥ śeṣaḥ sa udāttaśrutirna cet.udāttaṃ vocyate kiṃcitsvaritaṃ vā'kṣaraṃ param॥' pūrvabhāgasya udāttatve sati paraḥ śeṣa uttarabhāgaḥ anudāttaḥ pratyetavyaḥ. saḥ paraḥ śeṣaḥ udāttaśrutiḥ kvacidbhavati. kiṃ sarvatra evaṃ?, netyāha–na cedityādinā. udāttaṃ svaritaṃ vā kiñcidakṣaraṃ paraṃ nocyate cediti yojanā. tatra anudāttabhāgasya spaṣṭaṃ śravaṇamudāhmatya darśayati–ketyādinā ityādiṣvanudātta ityantenā tatra `kva' iti hyasvasvaritaḥ. sa tāvat `vo' ityokārātmakodāttaparakaḥ. `ye'rā' ityekāro dīrghasvaritaḥ. sa ca `rā' ityākārātmakodāttaparaḥ. `śatacakraṃ yo' ityokāraḥ kampasvaritaḥ. sa tu `hra' ityakārātmakasvaritaparakaḥ. ityevamādipradeśeṣu anudāttabhāgaḥ spaṣṭaṃ śrūyata ityarthaḥ. anyatra tūdāttaśrutirityetadudāhmatya darśayati-agnimīḻe ityādāvudāttaśrutiriti. padakāle agnimityantodāttam. īḻa iti anudāttam. tatra `udāttādanudāttasya svaritaḥ' iti saṃhitāyāmīkāraḥ svaritaḥ. `svaritātsaṃhitāyāmanudāttānām' ityekāraḥ pracayaḥ. tataśca īkāraḥ svarita udāttasvaritaparako na bhavatīti taduttarabhāgasya udāhmataprātiśākhyavacanena udāttataratvātmikā udāttaśrutireva bhavatītyarthaḥ. tadevamudāttahyasvaḥ anudāttahrasvaḥ svaritahyasva iti hyasvastrividhaḥ. evaṃ dīrgho'pi trividhaḥ. tathā pluto'pi. tataśca ekaiko'c? navavidha iti sthitam. sa navavidho'pīti. uktarītyā navavidho'pi saḥ = ac, anunāsikatvena ananunāsikatvena ca dvidhā = dvābhyāṃ prakārābhyāṃ vartate ityarthaḥ.

Bālamanoramā²: tasyādita udāttamardhahyasvam 10, 1.2.32 phalitamāha--udāttatvānudāttatve ityādi See More

tasyādita udāttamardhahyasvam 10, 1.2.32 phalitamāha--udāttatvānudāttatve ityādinā. nanu udāttatvānudāttatvayorekasminnapi melane kasminbhāge udāttatvasya samāveśaḥ , kasminbhāge anudāttatvasya samāveśa ityata āha-tasyāditaḥ. tasya = svaritasya āditaḥ = pūrvabhāge ardhahyasvamudāttamityarthaḥ pratīyate. evaṃ sati dīrghasvarite iyaṃ vyavasthā na syāt. ata āha - hyasvagrahaṇatantramiti. tantraṃ = pradhānam. "tantraṃ pradhāne siddhānte" iti kośaḥ. na vidyate tantraṃ vācyārthalakṣaṇaṃ pradhānaṃ yasya tat atantraṃ. avivakṣitārthakamityarthaḥ. hyasvagrahaṇaṃ na kartavyamiti yāvat. dīrghasvarite'pyuttarabhāgasya vede anudāttatvadarśanāditi bhāvaḥ. tataśca phalitamāha--svaritasyādito'rdhamudāttaṃ bodhyamiti. nanu anudāttatvasya niveśavyavasthā kuto noktetyata āha--uttarārdhaṃ tviti. nanu evaṃ sati agnimīla ityatra īkāre svarite kathamuttarārdhamanudāttaṃ netyata āha--tasya ceti. cakāro vākyālaṅkāre. tasya anudāttabhāgasya udāttasvaritaparatve udāttasvaritau paro yasmāt saḥ udāttasvaritaparaḥ. tasya bhāvaḥ udāttasvaritaparatvam. udāttaparakatve svaritaparakatve vā sati śravaṇaṃ spaṣṭaṃ bhavatītyarthaḥ. anyatreti. udāttasvaritaparakatvābhāve anudāttapracayaparakatve, anudāttabhāgasya udāttataratvāparaparyāyā udāttaśrutiḥ ṛgvedaprātiśākhye vihitetyarthaḥ. tatra tvevamuktam--anudāttaḥ paraḥ śeṣaḥ sa udāttaśrutirna cet.udāttaṃ vocyate kiṃcitsvaritaṃ vā'kṣaraṃ param॥"--iti svarite pūrvabhāgasya udāttatve sati paraḥ śeṣa uttarabhāgaḥ anudāttaḥ pratyetavyaḥ. saḥ paraḥ śeṣaḥ udāttaśrutiḥ kvacidbhavati. kiṃ sarvatra evaṃ(), netyāha--na cedityādinā. udāttaṃ svaritaṃ vā kiñcidakṣaraṃ paraṃ nocyate cediti yojanā. tatra anudāttabhāgasya spaṣṭaṃ śravaṇamudāhmatya darśayati--ketyādinā ityādiṣvanudātta ityantenā tatra "kva" iti hyasvasvaritaḥ. sa tāvat "vo" ityokārātmakodāttaparakaḥ. "ye'rā" ityekāro dīrghasvaritaḥ. sa ca "rā" ityākārātmakodāttaparaḥ. "śatacakraṃ yo" ityokāraḥ kampasvaritaḥ. sa tu "hra" ityakārātmakasvaritaparakaḥ. ityevamādipradeśeṣu anudāttabhāgaḥ spaṣṭaṃ śrūyata ityarthaḥ. anyatra tūdāttaśrutirityetadudāhmatya darśayati-agnimīḻe ityādāvudāttaśrutiriti. padakāle agnimityantodāttam. īḻa iti anudāttam. tatra "udāttādanudāttasya svaritaḥ" iti saṃhitāyāmīkāraḥ svaritaḥ. "svaritātsaṃhitāyāmanudāttānām" ityekāraḥ pracayaḥ. tataśca īkāraḥ svarita udāttasvaritaparako na bhavatīti taduttarabhāgasya udāhmataprātiśākhyavacanena udāttataratvātmikā udāttaśrutireva bhavatītyarthaḥ. tadevamudāttahyasvaḥ anudāttahrasvaḥ svaritahyasva iti hyasvastrividhaḥ. evaṃ dīrgho'pi trividhaḥ. tathā pluto'pi. tataśca ekaiko'c? navavidha iti sthitam. sa navavidho'pīti. uktarītyā navavidho'pi saḥ = ac, anunāsikatvena ananunāsikatvena ca dvidhā = dvābhyāṃ prakārābhyāṃ vartate ityarthaḥ.

Tattvabodhinī¹: atantramiti. avivakṣitamityarthaḥ. tasya codāttasvaritaparatva iti. udāttasvari Sū #10 See More