n. an age of the world, long mundane period of years (of which there are four, viz. 1. kṛta- or satya-, 2. tretā-, 3. dvāpara-, 4. kali-, of which the first three have already elapsed, while the kali-, which began at midnight between the 17th and 18th of Feb. 3102 B.C. [O. S.] , is that in which we live;the duration of each is said to be respectively 1,728,000, 1,296,000, 864,000, and 432,000 years of men, the descending numbers representing a similar physical and moral deterioration of men in each age;the four yuga-s comprise an aggregate of 4,320,000 years and constitute a"great yuga-"or mahā-yuga-; see) etc.
ind. "being in the same yoke or by the side of each other", together, at the same time, simultaneously ("with" instrumental case; seeyuga-ś/aram-) etc.
n. a great yuga- or yuga- of the gods (= 4 yuga-s of mortals or the aggregate of the kṛta-, tretā-, dvāpara- and kali-yuga-s = 4, 320, 000 years;a day and a night of brahmā- comprise 2, 000 mahā-yuga-s) () .
n. a pair of garments, suit of clothes (the dress of the Hindus usually consisting of two pieces of cloth, viz. a lower garment fastened round the waist, and an upper one thrown loosely over the shoulders)
युगम् 1 A yoke (m. also in this sense); युगव्यायतबाहुः R.3.34;1.87; Śi.3.68. -2 A pair, couple, brace; कुचयोर्युगेन तरसा कलिता Śi.9.72; स्तनयुग Ś.1.19. -3 A couple of stanzas forming one sentence; see युग्म. -4 An age of the world; (the Yugas are four:-- कृत or सत्य, त्रेता, द्वापर and कलि; the duration of each is said to be respectively 1,728,; 1,296,; 864.; and 432, years of men, the four together comprising 4,32, years of men which is equal to one Mahāyuga q. v.; it is also supposed that the regularly descending length of the Yugas represents a corresponding physical and moral deterioration in the people who live during each age, Krita being called the 'golden' and Kali or the present age the 'iron' age); धर्मसंस्थापनार्थाय संभवामि युगे युगे Bg.4.8; युगशतपरिवर्तान् Ś7.34. -5 (Hence) A long period of years (कालचक्र); युगं वा परिवर्तेत यद्येवं स्याद् यथा$$त्थ माम् Mb.5.16.99. -6 A generation, life; आ सप्तमाद् युगात् Ms.1.64; जात्युत्कर्षो युगे ज्ञेयः पञ्चमे सप्तमे$पि वा Y.1.96. (युगे = जन्मनि Mit.). -7 An expression for the number 'four', rarely for 'twelve', -8 A period of five years. -9 A measure of length equal to four Hastas. -1 A part of a chariot or plough. -11 N. of a particular configuration of the moon. -Comp. -अंशकः a year. -अध्यक्षः 1 N. of Prajāpati. -2 of Śiva. -अन्तः 1 the end of the yoke. -2 the end of an age, end or destruction of the world; युगान्तकालप्रति- संहृतात्मनो जगन्ति यस्यां सविकासमासत Śi.1.23; R.13.6. -3 meridian, mid-day. -अन्तर 1 a kind of yoke. -2 a succeeding generation. -3 another division of the sky; युगान्तरमारूढः सविता Ś.4. -अवधिः end or destruction of the world; पयस्यभिद्रवति भुवं युगावधौ Śi.17.4. -आद्या the first day of a Yuga. -कीलकः the pin of a yoke. -क्षयः destruction of the world. -धरः the pole of a carriage. -धुर् f. the pin of a yoke. -पत्रः, -पत्रकः the mountain ebony. -पार्श्वग a. going to the side of the yoke, (said of an ox while being broken in to the yoke). -बाहु a. long-armed; युगपद्युगबाहुभ्यः प्राप्तेभ्यः प्राज्यविक्रमाः Ku.2.18. -मात्रम् the length of a yoke (= 4 hands). -वरत्रम् a yoke-strap; युगवरत्रे उपदंशिते ईषाचक्रादिसंनिधाने चेद् अक्षमानयेत्युच्यते तदा यानाक्षमधिकृत्य ब्रूते इति गम्यते, न तु विदेवनाक्षमिति ŚB. on MS.6.8.35.
युगपद् ind. Simultaneously, all at once, all together, at the same time; सहस्रमक्ष्णां युगपत् पपात Ku.3.1; oft. in comp; तेजोद्वयस्य युगपद्व्यसनोदयाभ्याम् Ś.4.2.
अधिप्रष्टियुगम् [प्रष्टौ निहितं युगम्] A yoke laid on the प्रष्टि or foremost of the three horses, used on certain sacrificial occasions. -गः The fourth horse thus attached (?)
संयुगः 1 Conjunction, union, mixture. -2 Fight, war, battle, contest; संयुगे सांयुगीनं तमुद्यतं प्रसहेत कः Ku.2.57; R.9.19. -3 Contact, nearness; आगमिष्यति नो नूनं धार्तराष्ट्रस्य संयुगे Mb.7.16.41. -Comp. -गोष्पदम् 'a contest in a cow's footstep' i. e. an insignificant or trifling quarrel; cf. the English phrase 'a storm in a tea-pot'. -मूर्धन् m. the front of the battle.
n. yoke (exceptionally m.); pair, couple; double stanza (forming one sen tence); race (of men); generation; period of life; period of five (sts. six) years; cosmic age (of which there are four: Krita orSatya, Tretâ, Dvâpara, and Kali).
m. end of (an age=) the world; -dîrgha, a. long as a yoke (arm); -dhâra, m. yoke-pin (attaching the yoke to the pole); -m-dhara, n. (?) (yoke-supporting), pole; m. N. of a people (pl.), of a prince, of a mountain, and of a forest; -pat-prâpti, f. simultaneous arrival at; -pad, ad. [even footedly, side by side], ad. simultaneously, all at once, at the same time, together: -bhâva, m. simultaneousness; -bâhu, m.(yoke-like=) long arm; -bha&ndot;ga, m. break ing of the yoke; -mâtra, n. length of a yoke (=four hand-lengths): -dris, a. looking (a yoke-length=) on the ground (at one's feet).
n. conjunction, union (rare); battle, fight: -mûrdhan, m. van of battle; -yug, a. connected, related; m. rela tion; -yuyutsu, des. a. [√ yudh] eager to fight.
In the Rigveda frequently denotes a ‘generation’; but the expression daśame yuge applied to Dirg’hatamas in one passage must mean ‘tenth decade’ of life. There is no reference in the older Vedic texts to the five-year cycle (see Samvatsara). The quotation from the Pañcavimśa Brāhmaṇa given in the St. Petersburg Dictionary, and by Zimmer and others, is merely a citation from a modern text in the commentary on that work. Nor do the older Vedic texts know of any series of Yugas or ages such as are usual later. In the Atharvaveda6 there are mentioned in order a hundred years, an ayuta (10,000?), and then two, three, or four Yugas: the inference from this seems to be that a Yuga means more than an ayuta, but is not very certain. Zimmer adduces a passage from the Rigveda, but the reference there, whatever it may be, is certainly not to the four ages {cf. also Triyug’a). The Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa recognizes long periods of time—e.g., one of 100,000 years. To the four ages, Kali, Dvāpara, Tretā, and Kṛta, there is no certain reference in Vedic literature, though the names occur as the designations of throws at dice (see Akça). In the Aitareya Brāhmana the names occur, but it is not clear that the ages are really meant. Haug thought that the dice were meant: this view is at least as probable as the alternative explanation, which is accepted by Weber, Roth,Wilson, Max Mūller, and Muir. Roth, indeed, believes that the verse is an inter¬polation ; but in any case it must be remembered that the passage is from a late book of the Aitareya Brāhmaṇa. Four ages—Puṣya, Dvāpara, Khārvā, and Kṛta—are mentioned in the late Sadvimśa Brāhmaṇa, and the Dvāpara in the Gopatha Brāhmana.
neut., is an expression occurring in the Rigveda where it is said that the plants (osadhi) were born three ages * before the gods (devebhyas triyugam pur a). The commentator on the Nirukta thinks that the ages here meant are the Yugas of the later Indian chronology, the sense of the passage being that the plants were born in the first Yuga. The author of the śatapatha Brāhmana understands three seasons—spring, the rains, and autumn—to be meant in the verse, taking the two words triyugam purā separately as formerly, in the three seasons.’ The vague sense ‘ three ages ’ is quite adequate: the use of ‘ three ’ in such cases is a favourite feature in folklore. Cf. Yuga.
noun (masculine neuter) a lustrum (esp. in the cycle of Jupiter) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a measure of length 86 Aṅgulas (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a name for the number "twelve" (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a pair (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a period or astronomical cycle of 5 (rarely 6) years (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a race of men (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a symbolical name for the number "four" (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a yoke (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
an age of the world (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
brace (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
couple (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
long mundane period of years (of which there are four) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a double Śloka or two Ślokas so connected that the sense is only completed by the two together (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a particular Nābhasa constellation (of the class called Sāṃkhyayoga) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a particular position or configuration of the moon (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine neuter) a pair (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
brace (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
couple (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a prayer to Lakṣmī and Nārāyaṇa (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
indeclinable at the same time (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
simultaneously (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
together (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) a particular magical formula spoken over weapons (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a forest (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a king (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a mountain (with Buddhists one of the 8 mountains) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a people (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a son of Dyumni Frequency rank 17139/72933
noun (neuter) any age or period of the gods comprising the 4 ages of mankind (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the first age of the world (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (neuter) battle (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
conflict (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
conjunction (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
union (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
war (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
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