m. self-control forbearance, any great moral rule or duty (as opp. to niyama-,a minor observance;in ten yama-s are mentioned, sometimes only five) etc.
m. a twin, one of a pair or couple, a fellow (dual number"the twins"Name of the aśvin-s and of their twin children by mādrī-, called nakula- and saha-deva-; yamau mithunau-,twins of different sex)
m.Name of the god who presides over the pitṛ-s (q.v) and rules the spirits of the dead etc. (he is regarded as the first of men and born from vivasvat-,"the Sun" , and his wife saraṇyū-;while his brother, the seventh manu-, another form of the first man, is the son of vivasvat- and saṃjñā-, the image of saraṇyū-;his twin-sister is yamī-, with whom he resists sexual alliance, but by whom he is mourned after his death, so that the gods, to make her forget her sorrow, create night;in the veda- he is called a king or saṃgamano janānām-,"the gatherer of men", and rules over the departed fathers in heaven, the road to which is guarded by two broad-nosed, four-eyed, spotted dogs, the children of śaramā-q.v;in Post-vedic mythology he is the appointed Judge and"Restrainer"or"Punisher"of the dead, in which capacity he is also called dharmarāja-or dharma-and corresponds to the Greek Pluto and to Minos;his abode is in some region of the lower world called yama-pura-;thither a soul when it leaves the body, is said to repair, and there, after the recorder, citra-gupta-, has read an account of its actions kept in a book called agra-saṃdhānā-, it receives a just sentence;in yama- is described as dressed in blood-red garments, with a glittering form, a crown on his head, glowing eyes and like varuṇa-, holding a noose, with which he binds the spirit after drawing it from the body, in size about the measure of a man's thumb;he is otherwise represented as grim in aspect, green in colour, clothed in red, riding on a buffalo, and holding a club in one hind and noose in the other;in the later mythology he is always represented as a terrible deity inflicting tortures, called yātanā-,on departed spirits;he is also one of the 8 guardians of the world as regent of the South quarter;he is the regent of the nakṣatra-apa-bharaṇī- or bharaṇī-, the supposed author of ,of a hymn to viṣṇu- and of a law-book; yamasyārkaḥ-Name of a sāman-)
n. (in gram.) a twin-letter (the consonant interposed and generally understood, but not written in practice, between a nasal immediately preceded by one of the four other consonants in each class) on
n. (in rhetoric) the repetition in the same stanza of words or syllables similar in sound but different in meaning, paronomasia (of which various kinds are enumerated) etc. (see)
m. dual number two arjuna- trees (which obstructed the path of kṛṣṇa-, when a child, and were uprooted by him;afterwards personified as the enemies of kṛṣṇa-, and in the later mythology regarded as metamorphoses of nala-kūbara- and maṇigrīva-, two sons of kubera-)
m. dual number two arjuna- trees (which obstructed the path of kṛṣṇa-, when a child, and were uprooted by him;afterwards personified as the enemies of kṛṣṇa-, and in the later mythology regarded as metamorphoses of nala-kūbara- and maṇigrīva-, two sons of kubera-)
m.Name of an āditya- (who is commonly invoked together with varuṇa- and mitra-, also with bhaga-, bṛhaspati-, and others;he is supposed to be the chief of the Manes etc., the milky way is called his path[ aryamṇ/aḥ p/anthāḥ- ];he presides over the nakṣatra-uttaraphalgunī-;his name is used to form different male names ) etc.
n. (a species of alliteration) the repetition of the odd (id est the first and third) pāda-s of a stanza (in such a manner that the sense of the sounds repeated is different in the first and third pāda-) commentator or commentary on
mfn. (fr. madhyama-) relating to the middle, middlemost, central (also applied to the composers of the middle portion of the ṛg-- veda-id est of books ii-vii)
f. (in astronomy) the central meridian of the earth (a line conceived to be drawn through laṅkā-, ujjayinī-, kuru-kṣetra-, and meru-; seemadhya-rekhā-).
m. any act of voluntary penance or meritorious piety (especially a lesser vow or minor observance dependent on external conditions and not so obligatory as yama-q.v) etc.
m.Name of a celebrated jewel (worn by kṛṣṇa- on his wrist[ seekaustubha-],described as yielding daily eight loads of gold and preserving from all dangers;it is said to have been given to satrā-jit- [ quod vide ] by the Sun and transferred by him to his brother prasena-, from whom it was taken by jāmbavat-, and after much contention appropriated by kṛṣṇa-See)
यम a. [यम्-घञ्] 1 Twin, twinborn. -2 Coupled. -मः 1 Restraining, controlling, curbing; यमो राजा धार्मिकाणां मान्धातः परमेश्वरः Mb.12.91.42. -2 Control, restraint. -3 Self control. -4 Any great moral or religious duty or observance (opp. नियम); तप्तं यमेन नियमेन तपो$मुनैव N.13.16; यमनियमकृशीकृतस्थिराङ्गः Ki.1. 1. (यम and नियम are thus distinguished:-- शरीरसाधनापेक्षं नित्यं यत् कर्म तद् यमः । नियमस्तु स यत् कर्म नित्यमागन्तुसाधनम् ॥ Ak.2.49; See Malli. on Śi.13.23 and Ki.1.1 also. The yamas are usually said to be ten, but, their names are given differently by different writers; e. g. ब्रह्मचर्यं दया क्षान्तिर्दानं सत्यमकल्कता । अहिंसा$स्तेयमाधुर्ये दमश्चेति यमाः स्मृताः ॥ Y.3.312; or आनृशंस्यं दया सत्यमहिंसा क्षान्तिरार्जवम् । प्रीतिः प्रसादो माधुर्यं मार्दवं च यमा दश ॥ sometimes only five yamas are mentioned:-- अहिंसा सत्यवचनं ब्रह्मचर्यमकल्कता । अस्तेयमिति पञ्चैते यमाख्यानि व्रतानि च ॥). -5 The first of the eight aṅgas. or means of attaining Yoga; the eight aṅgas are:-- यमनियमासनप्राणायामप्रत्याहारधारणाध्यानसमाधयो$- ष्टाङ्गानि; Śāndilya Up.1.1.2. -6 The god of death, death personified, regarded as a son of the sun; he presides over the पितृs and rules the spirits of the dead; दत्ताभये त्वयि यमादपि दण्डधारे U.2.11. -7 A twin; धर्मात्मजं प्रति यमौ च (i. e. नकुलसहदेवौ) कथैव नास्ति Ve.2.25; यमयो- श्चैव गर्भेषु जन्मतो ज्येष्ठता मता Ms.9.126. -8 One of a pair or couple, a fellow. -9 N. of Saturn. -1 A crow. -11 A symbolical expression for the number 'two'. -12 Ved. A rein, bridle; पृष्ठे सदो नसोर्यमः Ṛv.5. 61.2. -13 Ved. A driver, charioteer; अग्निं रथानां यमम् Ṛv.8.13.1. -14 N. of a deity who chastises beings for their misdeeds; यमं कालं च मृत्युं च स्वर्गं संपूज्य चार्हतः Mb.12.2.3. -मम् 1 A pair or couple. -2 (In gram.) The twin letter of any consonant. -3 Pitch of the voice. -मी N. of the river Yamunā. -मौ (m. du.) 1 Twins; कथं त्वमेतौ धृतिसंयमौ यमौ Ki.1. 36. -2 N. of the Aśvins; यमौ यमोपमौ चैव ददौ दानान्यनेकशः Mb.14.61.38. -3 Nakula and Sahadeva; भीमार्जुनयमा- श्चापि तद्युक्तं प्रतिपेदिरे Mb.3.6.14. ˚मैथुनौ twins of different sex. -Comp. -अनुगः, -अनुचरः a servant or attendant of Yama. -अनुजा N. of the river Yamunā मघोनि वर्षत्य- सकृद् यमानुजा Bhāg.1.3.51. -अन्तकः an epithet of 1 Śiva. -2 of Yama. -अरिः, -घ्नः, -रिपुः &c. N. of Viṣṇu. -ईशम् the Nakṣatra Bharaṇī. -किङ्करः a messenger of death. -कीटः 1 a wood-louse. -2 an earth-worm. -कीलः N. of Viṣṇu. -कोटिः, -टी N. of a mythical town to the east of Laṅkā लङ्का कुमध्ये यमकोटिरस्याः Siddhāntaśiromaṇi. -घण्टः N. of an astrological Yoga (this is inauspicious). -जः a. twin-born, twin; यमजौ चापि भद्रं ते नैतदन्यत्र विद्यते Mb.3.14.19; भ्रातरौ आवां यमजौ U.6;4; also यमजात-जातक. -दंष्ट्रा 'Yama's tooth', the jaws of death. (-ष्ट्राः pl.) the last eight days of the month Aśvina and the whole of Kārtika (regarded as a period of general sickness). -दिश् f. the south. -दूतः, -दूतकः 1 a messenger of death. -2 a crow. -दूतिका tamarind. -देवता the asterism Bharaṇī. -द्रुमः Bombax Heptaphyllum (Mar. सांवरी). -द्वितीया the second day in the bright half of Kārtika when sisters entertain their brothers (Mar. भाऊबीज); cf. भ्रातृद्वितीया. -धानी the abode of Yama; नरः संसारान्ते विशति यमधानीजवनिकाम् Bh.3.112. -धारः a kind of double-edged weapon. -पटः, -पट्टिका a piece of cloth on which Yama with his attendants and the punishments of hell are represented (Mar. यमपुरी); याव- देतद् गृहं प्रविश्य यमपटं दर्शयन्न् गीतानि गायामि Mu.1.18/19. -पदम् a repeated word. -पाशः the noose of Yama. -पुरुषः Yama's servant or minister. -प्रियः the fig tree. -भगिनी N. of the river Yamunā. -यातना the tortures inflicted by Yama upon sinners after death, (the word is sometimes used to denote horrible tortures', 'extreme pain'). -रथः a buffalo. -राज् m. Yama, the god of death. -वाहनः = यमरथः q. v. -व्रतम् 1 an observance or vow made to Yama. -2 an impartial punishment (as given by Yama); यथा यमः प्रियद्वेष्यौ प्राप्ते काले नियच्छति । तथा राज्ञा नियन्तव्याः प्रजास्तद् हि यमव्रतम् ॥ Ms.9. 37. -शासनः the lord Śiva; यशो यदीयं यमशासनालय-क्षमाधर- स्पर्धनमाचचार सः Rām. Ch.2.12; (यमशासनालयः = हिमा- लयः). -श्रायम् the abode of Yama; यात यूयं यमश्रायं दिशं नायेन दक्षिणाम् Bk.7.36. -सभा the tribunal of Yama. -सूर्यम् a building with two halls, one facing the west and the other facing the north. -स्वसृ f. 1 N. of the river Yamunā; क्षणमिव पुलिने यमस्वसुस्ताम् Bhāg.3.4.27. -2 N. of Durgā.
यमक a. [यम-स्वार्थे क] 1 Twin-born, twin. -2 Two-fold, double. -कः 1 A restraint, check. -2 A twin; one of a pair, a fellow. -3 A great moral or religious duty; see यम (4). -कम् 1 A double bandage. -2 (In Rhet.) Repetition in the same stanza (in any part of it) of words or syllables similar in sound, but different in meaning, a kind of rhyme, (of which various kinds are enumerated; see Kāv.3.2-52); सभा नलश्रीयमकैर्यमाद्यैर्नलं विनाभूद् घतदिव्यरत्नैः N.1.24; आवृत्तिं वर्णसंघातगोचरां यमकं विदुः Kāv.1.61;3.1; S. D.64. -Comp. -काव्यम् N. of an artificial poem (ascribed to घटकर्पर). -भारतम् a summary of the Mahā-Bhārata made by आनन्दतीर्थ.
यमल a. Twin, one of a couple. -लः The number 'two'. -लौ (dual) A pair. -लम्, -ली A pair, couple. -ला A kind of hiccough. -ली A dress consisting of two pieces. -Comp. -अर्जुनौ two Arjuna trees (uprooted by Kṛiṣṇa in childhood); Bhāg.1.1.23-24. -छदः Bauhinia Variegata (Mar. कांचन-आपटा). -पत्रः N. of two trees (कोविदार and अश्मन्तक). -पत्रम् The treaty of alliance.
अर्यमन् m. [अर्यं श्रेष्ठं मिमीते; मा-कनिन् निपातोयम् Uṇ.1. 156] 1 The Sun. अहं हि पृष्टो$र्यमणो भवद्भिः Bhāg.1.18. 23; प्रोषितार्यमणं मेरोरन्धकारस्तटीमिव Śi.2.39; तिमिरमिवार्य- मरश्मिमभिः समग्रम् Śiva. B.3.5. -2 The head of the Pitṛis or Manes; पितृणामर्यमा चास्मि Bg.1.2. -3 The constellation उत्तराफल्गुनी. -4 N. of the arka plant. -5 One of the Ādityas; शं नो भवत्वर्यमा T. UP.1.1.1. -6 A bosom-friend, play-fellow. -Comp. -देवा N. of the 12th lunar mansion.
उपयमनम् 1 Marrying, taking a wife; P.I.2.16. विभाषोपयमने -2 Restraining, curbing. -3 Placing down the fire -4 Support. -नी 1 Any support of stone for holding fire-wood; उपयमनीरुपकल्पयन्ति Śat. Br. -2 A sacrificial ladle.
नियमः 1 Restraining, checking. -2 Taming, subduing. -3 Confining, preventing. -4 A restraint, check; वाचि नियमः U.2.2; अधर्मानियमः Ms.8.122. -5 Restriction, limitation; Mb.14.13.11. -6 A rule or precept, law (in general), usage; नायमेकान्ततो नियमः Ś. B. -7 Regularity; कुसुमसुकुमारमूर्तिर्दधती नियमेन तनुतरं मध्यम् Ratn. 1.2. -8 Certainty, ascertainment. -9 An agreement, promise, vow, engagement. -1 Necessity, obligation. -11 Any voluntary or self-imposed religious observance (dependent on external conditions); [The earliest explanation of this expression is the one found in the ŚB. on MS.4.2.24. cf. को$यं नियमः । अनियतस्य नियतता । प्रयोगाङ्गतया सर्वे देशाः प्राप्नुवन्ति, न तु समच्चयेन । यदा समो न तदा विषमः । यदा विषमो न तदा समः । स एष समः प्राप्तश्चाप्राप्तश्च । यदा न प्राप्तः स पक्षो विधिं प्रयोजयति. This is very nicely stated in the Vārttika--'नियमः पाक्षिके सति']; R.1.94; Ki.5.4; (see Malli. on Śi.13.23). -12 Any minor observance or lesser vow, a duty prescribed to be done, but which is not so obligatory as a यम q. v. शौचमिज्या तपो दानं
स्वाध्यायोपस्थनिग्रहः । व्रतमौनोपवासं च स्नानं च नियमा दशा ॥ Atri. -13 Penance, devotion, religious austerities; नियमविघ्न- कारिणी Ś.1; R.15.74. -14 (In Mīm. phil.) A rule or precept which lays down or specifies something which, in the absence of that rule, would be optional; विधिरत्यन्तमप्राप्तौ नियमः पाक्षिके सति. -15 (In Yoga phil.) Restraint of the mind, the second of the 8 principal steps of meditation in Yoga; दशैते नियमाः प्रोक्ता योगशास्त्र- विशारदैः Tantrasāra. -16 (In Rhet.) A poetical commonp lace or convention, as the description of the cuckoo in spring, peacocks in the rains &c. -17 Defining, definition. -18 Keeping down, lowering (as the voice). -19 Keeping secret; मन्त्रस्य नियमं कुर्याः Mb.5. 141.2. -2 Effort (यत्न); यथैते नियमं पौराः कुर्वन्त्यस्मिन्निवर्तने Mb.2.46.2. (नियमेन as a rule, invariably). -Comp. -उपमा a simile which expressly states that something can be compared only with something else. -धर्मः a law prescribing restraints. -निष्ठा rigid observance of prescribed rites. -पत्रम् a written agreement. -विधिः a religious rite, daily ritual; नियमविधिजलानां बर्हिषां चोप- नेत्री Ku.1.6. -स्थ a. observing penance; Ku.5.13. -स्थितिः f. steady observance of religious obligations, asceticism. -हेतुः a regulating cause.
प्रतिनियमः 1 A general rule. -2 A separate allotment; जननमरणकरणानां प्रतिनियमाद्युगपत् प्रवृत्तेश्च Sāṅ. K.18. -3 A strict rule applying only to a particular case.
प्रत्युद्यमः 1 Counterbalance, counterpoise. -2 An effort or measure against, counteraction; संदीप्ते भवने तु कूपखननं प्रत्युद्यमः कीदृशः Bh.3.88. v. l.
मध्यम a. [मध्ये भवः म] 1 Being or standing in the middle, middle, central; पितुः पदं मध्यममुत्पतन्ती V.1.19; मध्यमोपलम् Ki.9.2; so मध्यमलोकपालः, मध्यमपदम्, मध्यमरेखा q. q. v. v. -2 Intermediate, intervening; नाप्नोद्यो$यं मध्यमः प्राणस्तानि ज्ञातुं दध्रिरे Bṛi. Up.1.5.21. -3 Middling condition or quality, mediocre; as in उत्तमाधममध्यम. -4 Middling, moderate; तेन मध्यमशक्तीनि मित्राणि स्थापितान्यतः R.17.58. -5 Middle-sized. -6 Neither youngest nor oldest, the middleborn (as a brother); प्रणमति पितरौ वां मध्यमः पाण्डवो$यम् Ve.5.26; ततो$र्धं मध्यमस्य स्यात् तुरीयं तु यवीयसः Ms.9.112. -7 Impartial, neutral. -8 Mean (in astr.). -9 Belonging to the meridian. -मः 1 The fifth note in music. -2 A particular musical mode. -3 The mid-land country; see मध्यदेश. -4 The second person (in grammar). -5 A neutral sovereign; धर्मोत्तरं मध्यममाश्रयन्ते R.13.7. -6 the middle-most prince; मध्यमस्य प्रचारं च विजिगीषोश्च चेष्टितम् Ms.7.155. -7 the middle character in plays. -8 The governor of a province. -9 An epithet of Bhīma; (cf. मध्वमव्यायोग). -मा 1 The middle finger. -2 A marriageable girl, one arrived at the age of puberty. -3 The pericarp of a lotus. -4 One of the classes of heroines (Nāyikās) in poetic compositions, a woman in the middle of her youth; cf. S. D. 1. -5 A central blossom. -मम् 1 The middle. -2 The waist; तदैव यन्न दग्धस्त्वं धर्षयंस्तनुमध्यमाम् Rām.6.111.24. -3 The defectiveness. -4 (In astr.) The meridian ecliptic point. -Comp. -अङ्गुलिः the middle finger. -आगमः one of the four Āgamas; Buddh. -आहरणम् (in alg.) elimination of the middle term in an equation. -उत्खातः a particular division of time. -उपलः = मध्यमणिः q. v.; मध्यमोपलनिभे लसदंशौ Ki.9.2. -कक्षा the middle courtyard. -खण्डम् the middle term of an equation. -गतिः (in astr.) the mean motion of a planet. -ग्रामः (in music) the middle scale. -जात a. middle-born. -पदम् the middle member (of a compound). ˚लेपिन् m. a subdivision of the Tatpuruṣa compound in which the middle word is omitted in composition; the usual instance given is शाकपार्थिवः which is dissolved as शाकप्रियः पार्थिवः; here the middle word प्रिय is omitted; so छायातरु, गुडधानाः &c. -पाण्डवः an epithet of Arjuna. -पुरुषः the second person (in grammar). -पूरुषः a mediocre person. -भृतकः a husbandman or cultivator (who works both for himself and his master or landlord). -यानम् the middle way to salvation. -रात्रः midnight. -राष्ट्रकम् a variety of diamonds; Kau. A.2.11.29. -रेखा the central meridian of the earth. -लोकः the middle world, the earth. ˚पालः a king; तां ...... अन्वग्ययौ मध्यमलोकपालः R.2.16. -वयस् n. middle age. -वयस्क a. middle-aged. -संग्रहः intrigue of a middling character, such as sending presents of flowers &c. to another's wife; it is thus defined by Vyāsa :-प्रेषणं गन्धमाल्यानां धूपभूषणवाससाम् । प्रलोभनं चान्नपानैर्मध्यमः संग्रहः स्मृतः ॥ -साहसः the second of the three penalties or modes of punishment; see Ms.8. 138. (-सः, -सम्) an outrage or offence of the middle class. -स्थ a. being in the middle.
माध्यमक a. (-मिका f.) माध्यमिक a. (-की f.) Middle, central. -काः (m. pl.) 1 N. of a people or their country in the central part of India. -2 N. of a Buddhist school; भगवत्पूज्यपादाश्च शुष्कतर्कपटूनमून् । आहुर्माध्यमिकान् भ्रान्तानचिन्त्ये$स्मिन् सदात्मनि ॥ Pañchadaśī 2.3.
संयमः Restraint, check, control; श्रोत्रादीनीन्द्रियाण्यन्ये संयमाग्निषु जुह्वति Bg.4.26,27; so संयमधनः &c. -2 Concentration of mind, a term applied to the last three stages of Yoga; संयमाश्चानृशंस्य च परस्वादानवर्जनम् Mb.14. 18.16; धारणाध्यानसमाधित्रयमन्तरङ्गं संयमपदवाच्यम् Sarva. S.; Ku.2.59. -3 A religious vow. -4 Religious devotion, practice of penance; अस्मान् साधु विचिन्त्य संयमधनान् Ś.4. 17. -5 Humanity, feeling of compassion. -6 Any religious act on the day preceding a vow or course of penance. -7 Destruction of the world; यच्चेदं प्रभवः स्थानं भूतानां संयमो यमः Mb.12.238.2; पुरा स्वयंभूरपि संयमा- म्भस्युदीर्णवातोर्मिरवैः कराले Bhāg.6.9.24. -8 Closing (of the eyes). -9 Effort, exertion.
संयमनम् 1 Restraining, checking. -2 Drawing in; Ś.1. -3 Binding, tying up; U.1; अलकसंयमनोदिव लोचने हरति मे हरिवाहनदिङ्मुखम् V.3.6. -4 Confinement. -5 Self-denial, control. -6 A religious vow or obligation. -7 A square of four houses. -नः One who restrains or regulates, a ruler. -नी N. of the city of Yama. सा च संयमनी नूनं सदा सुकृतिनां गतिः Mb.7.72.44; Bhāg. 1.89.42; खण्डिताः खड्गधाराभिर्ययुः संयमिनीं पुरीम् Śiva B.27.32.
स्यमन्तकः A kind of valuable gem (said to yield daily eight loads of gold and to preserve from all kinds of dangers and portents); Bhāg.1.56. (For some account, see the word सत्राजित्).
a. (&asharp;, &isharp;) forming a pair; m. twin (du. twins; designation of the Asvins); N. of the male Twin of Yamî, the first man, son of Vivasvat (RV.); in the Veda Yama is the god who rules over the departed fathers in heaven; in C. he is regarded as the god of death, presiding in the lower regions (his name being supposed to mean subduer or punisher), younger brother of Manu (the first man), regent of the south, and reputed author of hymns and of a law-book; planet Saturn; n. pair.
m. (restrainer), rein (RV.1); driver (RV.1); suppression, restraint, self restraint; general law of morality, paramount duty (opp. niyama, minor duty); observance, rule.
a. double, twofold; n. double bandage; repetition of syllables iden tical in sound but different in meaning, paro nomasia; -kimkara, m. Yama's servant, messenger of death; -ketu, m. Yama's flag, sign of death; -kshaya, m. Yama's abode; -gâth&asharp;, f. verse treating of Yama; -griha, n. Yama's abode; -ghna, a. destroying death, ep. of Vishnu; -ga, a. twin-born; m. du. twins; -gâta, pp.: -ka, a., m. id.;-gihvâ, f. (Yama's tongue), N. of a procuress; -tâ, f. condition of Yama: -m yâ, become the god of death to, cause the death of (g.); -tvá, n. id.; -damshtra, m. N. of an Asura, of a Râkshasa, and of a warrior; -damshtrâ, f.Yama's tooth: -½antaram gata, having en tered the jaws of death; -danda, m. Yama's rod; -dis, f. Yama's quarter, south; -dûtá, m. Yama's messenger; (á)-devata, a. having Yama as a deity; -dhânî, f. Yama's abode.
a. forming a pair, double; m. twin; the number two; -loka, m. world of Yama; -vat, a. self-restrained, control ling one's passions; -vishaya, m. Yama's realm; -vrata, n. Yama's method; -sikha,m. N. of a Vetâla; -sadana, n. Yama's abode; -sabhâ, f. Yama's tribunal; -sâda ná, n. Yama's abode; -s&usharp;, a. bearing twins; -sûkta, n. the Yama hymn; -svasri, f. Yama's sister, ep. of the Yamunâ.
m. cloth of Yama (on which the god of death and the tortures of hell are depicted): i-ka, m. man who car ries about a Yama cloth; -pada, n. repeated word; -pâlaka, m. Yama's watchman;-pâ la-purusha, m. id.; -purusha, m. id.; -mandira, n. Yama's abode; -mârga, m. Yama's path; -yâga, m. kind of Yâgyâ; -râga, m. N.; -râgan, m. king Yama; (á) râgan, a. having Yama as a king; m. subject of Yama; -r&asharp;gya, n. Yama's rule; -râshtra, n. Yama's realm.
m. absence of exertion; -udyoga, m. id.; inactivity; -udyogin, a. not exerting oneself, lazy; -ud-vigna, pp. not agitated, not frightened: -m, ad.; -udvega, m. absence of excitement, calmness: -kara, a. not agitating, not frightening; -udvegaka, a. causing no excitement, giving no offence to (g.); -ud-vegayat, pr. pt. not agitating.
m. lack of control; -yâgya, fp. with whom a sacrifice should not be shared; -lakshita, pp. unobserved; -vi- gñâta, pp. unconscious or not consenting; -vigñâna, a. unintelligible; -vîta, pp.imper fectly covered; -vrita, pp. uncovered, bare; n. N. of a hell.
m. restraint, limitation; re striction to (lc. or prati with ac.); fixed rule, certainty, absolute necessity (in a particular case); contract, promise; vow; self-imposed (religious) observance, minor (occasional) duty: ab. necessarily, certainly; in. id.; with certain limitations; -yamana, n. restraining, subduing; restriction; -yama-vat, a. prac tising religious observances; -yamya, fp. to be restrained, -subdued; -limited; -re stricted; -y&asharp;na, n. going in, entry; -yâma ka, a. (ikâ) restraining, checking; restricting.
pp. bent on vanquishing Bali; -putra, m. son of Bali, pat. of the Asura Bâna; -push- ta, (pp.) m. (fed on the rice-offering), crow; -bhug, a. eating the food-offering;m. crow; -bhrit, a. paying tribute; -bhogana, m. crow; -mát, a. receiving tribute; attended with food oblations.
spv. middlemost, situ ated between; being in the middle, central; of medium kind or strength, middle-sized, middling, mediocre, moderate; neutral; m. =Madhya-desa; middle=fourth orfifth note in the scale; one of the three musical scales; second person (gr.); m. n. middle of the body, waist; n. middle; meridian.
a. in which the middle word is dropped (com pound: e. g. sâka-pârthiva=vegetable, sc. loving, king); -purusha, m. kind of personi fication; second person (gr.); -pûrusha, m. mediocre person; -bhâva, m. moderate dis tance; -râtra, m. midnight; -loka, m. mid dle world=earth: -pâla, m. protector of earth, king, -½indu, m. moon of earth, king; -vayas-á, n. middle age; -½ashtakâ,f. eighth day in the dark fortnight of Mâgha.
a. belonging to the middle, central, inhabiting the middle of the country; m. pl. composers of the middle of the Rig-veda (books II to VII): -ka, a. (i-kâ) relating or belonging to the middle region (the atmosphere); i-ka, a. id.; m. pl. N. of a people in Midland (Madhya-desa).
n. one's own lightness; -anushthâna, n. performance by oneself; -apodita, pp. n. imps. one is by oneself exempted from (ab.; Br.); -argita, pp. acquired by oneself; -âgata, pp.come of one's own accord; -âhrita, pp. brought by oneself; -îhita-labdha, pp. acquired by one's own effort; -udyata, pp. offered spontaneously.
Denotes ‘twins,’ the birth of which is frequently alluded to in Vedic literature. Twins of different sex seem to be indicated by the expression yamau mithunau. There are traces of the belief—widely spread among negro and other races—that twins are uncanny and of evil omen, but there are also vestiges of the opposite opinion, that twins are lucky.
Denotes ‘ twins,’ the birth of which is frequently alluded to in Vedic literature. Twins of different sex seem to be indicated by the expression yamau mithunau. There are traces of the belief—widely spread among negro and other races—that twins are uncanny and of evil omen, but there are also vestiges of the opposite opinion, that twins are lucky.
Occurs in one passage of the Rigveda as an epithet of the chariot. The exact interpretation is doubtful. Roth assigns to it the expression the sense of ‘driving with a single horse between the shafts.’ According to Sāyana's explanation, it means ‘driving with middling speed.’ It might mean ‘driving in the middle’ that is, ‘only half-way.’
Is found in one passage of the Rigveda, where Roth assigns to the word the meaning of intercessor, which Zimmer accepts, in the sense of ‘mediator’ or ‘arbiter,’ as a legal term, but which Roth may, as Lanman suggests, have intended to express ‘adversary’ or ‘preventer’ of the disease referred to in the hymn. Whitney thinks that it means ‘mid-most man’ or ‘chief’ as the one round whom his followers encamp. Geldner, however, thinks that a third king, who is neutral’ between two enemies, is intended.
(‘Relating to the middle’) is a term applied in the Kauṣītaki Brāhmana and the Aitareya Araṇyaka to denote the ‘ authors of the middle books’ of the Rigveda.
lokād adhy ā babhūvitha AVś.19.56.1a; AVP.3.8.1a. Designated as paippalādamantrāḥ at the close of Atharva-pariśiṣṭa 8; cf. Hatfield, JAOS. xiv, p. clix.
noun (masculine) a bad horse (whose limbs are either too small or too large) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a crow (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a driver (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a fellow (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a rein (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a symbolical name for the number "two" (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a twin (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
bridle (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
charioteer (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
curb (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of one of Skanda's attendants (mentioned together with Atiyama) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of the god who presides over the Pitṛs and rules the spirits of the dead (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of the planet Saturn (regarded as the son of Vivasvat and Chāyā) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
one of a pair or couple (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
restraint (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
suppression (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of checking or curbing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
[gramm.] the root yam Frequency rank 434/72933
noun (feminine) (prob.) a stab from a dagger (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the last 8 days of the month Āśvina and the whole of Kārttika considered as a period of general sickness (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a kind of poison (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) a crow (as boding evil or death) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a race or family (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
Yama's messenger or minister (employed to bring departed spirits to Yama's judgment-seat) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
adjective (describes a pearl of low quality)
doubled (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
twin (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
twofold (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (neuter) (in rhet.) the repetition in the same stanza of words or syllables similar in sound but different in meaning (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a kind of metre (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
paronomasia (of which various kinds are enumerated) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
[medic.] a double band or bandage (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) a religious obligation or observance (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
oil and ghee (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
two similar greasy substances (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) a pair (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a singer in a duet (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
brace (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
couple (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of the number "two" (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
twins (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (feminine) a kind of hiccough (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a sort of dress (consisting of body and petticoat) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a river (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a Tantra deity (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
[medic.] a kind of hidhmā Frequency rank 19895/72933
noun (neuter) a particular ceremony of the Brahmacārin (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a religious observance or vow made to Yama (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a Sāman (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
Yama's method (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) absence of control or rule or fixed order or obligation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
doubt (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
indecorous or improper conduct (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
uncertainty (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
unsettledness (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
adjective absent (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
versatile (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
whose mind is fixed on something else (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
adjective absent (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
having another mind in one's self (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
possessed by a demon (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
versatile (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
whose mind is fixed on something else (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) (especially) a friend who asks a woman in marriage for another (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a bosom friend (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
companion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of an Aditya (who is commonly invoked together with Varuṇa and Mitra) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
play-fellow (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the Asclepias plant (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the sun (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) beginning (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
diligence (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
elevation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
exerting one's self (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
exertion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
perseverance (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
strenuous and continued effort (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of raising or lifting up (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of striving after (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
undertaking (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
zeal (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (neuter) effort (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
elevation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
exertion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
raising (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) a support (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
appropriation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
kindling a fire (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
marriage (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
marrying (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
stay (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
taking possession of (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (neuter) a support (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
marrying (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
sleeping with (a woman) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
stay (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the taking a wife (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) (in Mīm. phil.) a rule or precept (laying down or specifying something otherwise optional) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
(in rhet.) a common-place (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a particular process applied to minerals (esp. to quicksilver) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
agreement (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
any act of voluntary penance or meritorious piety (esp. a lesser vow or minor observance dependent on external conditions and not so obligatory as yama) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
any conventional expression or usual comparison (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
any fixed rule or law (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
checking (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
contract (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
controlling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
definition (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
determination (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
holding back (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
keeping down (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
limitation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
lowering (as the voice) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
Necessity or Law personified as a son of Dharma and Dhṛti (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of Viṣṇu (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
necessity (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
performing five positive duties (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
preventing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
promise (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
reduction or restriction to (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
restraining (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
restraint of the mind (the 2nd of the 8 steps of meditation in Yoga) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
vow (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
niyāmana Frequency rank 987/72933
noun (neuter) coercion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
definition (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
fixed practice or rule (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
humiliation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
limitation (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
precept (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
restriction (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of subduing (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
one of the Saṃskāras of mercury Frequency rank 9861/72933
noun (masculine) a strict rule as to applying an example to particular persons or things only (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
restriction to an individual Frequency rank 19665/72933
adjective (in astron.) mean (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
being or placed in the middle (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
central (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
impartial (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
intermediate (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
middle (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
middle-born (neither youngest nor oldest) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
middlemost (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
middling (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
moderate (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a middle kind or size or quality (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
neutral (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
relating to the meridian (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
standing between two persons or parties (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) (in gram.) the 2nd person (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
(in music) the 4th or 5th note (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a class of gods (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a kind of antelope (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
a particular Rāga (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of the 18th Kalpa (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of Śiva
the governor of a province (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the middle character in plays (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the middlemost of the 3 scales (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the middlemost prince, whose territory lies between that of a king seeking conquest and that of his foe (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the midland country (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (neuter) (in astron.) the meridian ecliptic point (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
defectiveness (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
mediocrity (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the middle (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (neuter) the middle number (which is sometimes omitted and requires to be supplied in a compound consisting of two words) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) great effort or exertion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
lifting up (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
readiness to or for (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
setting about (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) (esp.) control of the senses (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
binding (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
closing (of the eyes) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
concentration of mind (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
control (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
destruction (of the world) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
effort (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
exertion (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
fettering (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
holding together (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
name of a son of Dhūmrākṣa (and father of Kṛśāśva) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
restraint (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
self-control (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
suppression (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
tying up (the hair) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (neuter) binding together (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
confinement (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
drawing tight (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
fetter (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
self-control (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the act of curbing or checking or restraining (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
tightening (reins etc.) (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
tying up (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
Yama's residence (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
noun (masculine) a kind of flower (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
Hibiscus phoeniceus (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
sun-gem (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
the sun-stone (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
sūryakānta Frequency rank 72036/72933
Sanskrit Dictionary understands and transcodes देवनागर्-ई IAST, Harvard-Kyoto, SLP1, ITRANS. You can type in any of the Sanskrit transliteration systems you are familiar with and we will detect and convert it to IAST for the purpose of searching.
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Feedback
icon to enable a popup keybord and you can toggle between देवनागरी and IAST characters. If you want a system software for typing easily in देवनागरी or IAST you can download our software called SanskritWriter