Sanskrit Dictionary

m. anything eaten in addition (to excite thirst or appetite), a relish, spice

m. a kind of venereal disease

m. the tree Moringa Hyperanthera (the scraped root of which is used for horse-radish)

m. a kind of shrub

upadaṃśaka

m. a particular plant

upadaṃśam

ind.p. having taken an additional bit or morsel of (with instrumental case or in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound')

upadaṃśin

mfn. afflicted with the upadaṃśa- (q.v) disease

upadāna

(for 2.See column 2) n. a present, offering. = 2. upa-dā- above

upadāna

upadānaka

n. a present, offering. = 2. upa-dā- above

upadānavī

f. Name of a daughter of the dānava- vṛṣa-parvan-

upadānavī

f. of a daughter of vaiśvānara-

upadarśaka

m. one who shows the way, a door-keeper

upadarśana

n. the act of exhibiting, representing

upadarśana

n. a commentary

upadarśita

mfn. caused to appear, shown

upadarśita

mfn. perceived, distinguished

upadarśita

mfn. explained.

upadas

P. -dasyati- (subjunctive -dasat-

) to fail, be wanting, be extinguished or exhausted, dry up

; to want, lose, be deprived of (instrumental case)

: Causal -dāsayati-, to cause to fail or cease, extinguish

upadaśa

mfn. nearly ten, almost ten commentator or commentary on

upadāsa

m. destruction,

Sch

upadāsuka

mfn. failing

upadāsuka

See upa-das-.

upadaśya

ind. p. equals upa-daṃśam- above.

upadātavya

mfn.

upadātṛ

(for 2.See column 2) mfn. one who gives or grants or confers

(edition Bombay) .

upadātṛ

mfn.

upadeha

(for 2.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) m. a cover, liniment, ointment commentator or commentary on

upadeha

m. (for 1.See upa-dih-) "a secondary growth of the body", a kind of excrescence

upadehavat

mfn. having the above excrescence

upadehikā

f. a species of ant

upadehikā

f. the white ant

upadeśa

m. pointing out to, reference to

etc.

upadeśa

m. specification, instruction, teaching, information, advice, prescription

etc.

upadeśa

m. plea, pretext (equals apa-deśa-)

upadeśa

m. initiation, communication of the initiatory mantra- or formula

upadeśa

m. (in grammar) original enunciation (id est the original form [often having an anubandha-] in which a root, base, affix, augment, or any word or part of a word is enunciated in grammatical treatises)

etc.

upadeśa

m. Name of a class of writings (

)

upadeśa

m. a name, title

upadeśaka

mfn. giving instruction, instructing, instructive, didactic

upadeśaka

mfn. teacher, instructor

upadeśakarṇikā

f. Name of work

upadeśamālā

upadeśāmṛta

n. Name of work

upadeśana

n. the act of advising

upadeśana

n. instruction, information, doctrine

upadeśanā

f. idem or 'n. instruction, information, doctrine '

upadeśanavat

mfn. furnished with advice

n. "a tale for the sake of instruction", a parable.

upadeśasāhasrī

f. Name of certain works.

upadeśatā

f. the being a precept or rule

upadeśin

mfn. advising, teaching, informing

upadeśin

m. a teacher, adviser

upadeśin

mfn. (in grammar) a word or affix etc. used in an upa-deśa- (q.v) commentator or commentary on

upadeṣṭavya

mfn. to be taught or advised

upadeṣṭavya

mfn. fit or proper to be taught

upadeṣṭṛ

m. one who teaches, a teacher, adviser

upadeṣṭṛ

m. a Guru or spiritual guide

upadeṣṭṛtva

n. the state of being a teacher

upadeśya

mfn. to be taught

upadeśya

mfn. taught

upadeva

m. an inferior or secondary deity (as a yakṣa-, gandharva-, apsaras-, etc.)

upadeva

m. Name of several men

upadeva

f(ā-, ī-). Name of a wife of vasu-deva-

upadevatā

f. a minor or inferior deity

upadhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place or lay upon, place near to, put on or into ; to place, lay, put

etc. ; to put to, yoke (horses)

; to give or make over, hand over (knowledge), teach

; to impose, lay upon, commit, consign

; to place under one's self, lie down upon

; to place in addition, add, connect

etc. ; to communicate, cause to share in ; to use, employ ; (in grammar) to lie or be placed close to, precede without the intervention of another syllable

etc. ; to cause to rest upon or depend on

upadhā

f. imposition, forgery, fraud, deceit, trick, false pretence

upadhā

f. trial or test of honesty (of four kinds, viz. of loyalty, disinterestedness, continence, and courage)

etc.

upadhā

f. (in grammar) a penultimate letter

etc.

upadhā

f. condition, reservation

upadhābhṛta

m. a kind of servant (engaged under particular conditions)

upadhālopa

m. elision of the penultimate letter.

upadhālopin

mfn. subject to the above (as a bahuvrīhi- compound ending in an-)

upadhamana

See upa-dhmā-.

upadhamana

n. the act of blowing at, blowing

upadhāna

mfn. placing upon, employed or used in placing upon (as a mantra- in the setting up of the sacrificial bricks)

upadhāna

n. the act of placing or resting upon

upadhāna

n. that on which one rests, a pillow, cushion

etc.

upadhāna

n. cover, lid

upadhāna

n. peculiarity, singularity, excellence (see premopa-)

upadhāna

n. affection, kindness

upadhāna

n. religious observance

upadhāna

n. poison

upadhāna

n. footstool (See pādopa-)

upadhāna

n. (also) fetching, procuring,

upadhāna

a jewel-case, ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding

upadhānaka

n. a pillow, cushion

upadhānaliṅga

mfn. (a verse) containing the word upa-- dhāna-,

upadhānavidhi

m. Name of work

upadhānī

f. a pillow, cushion

upadhānīya

mfn. to be put under

upadhānīya

n. a pillow, cushion

upadhāraṇa

See upa-dhṛ-.

upadhāraṇa

n. the act of considering, consideration, reflection

upadharma

m. a minor or subordinate duty

upadharma

m. a by-law

upadharma

m. a false faith, heresy

upadhārya

mfn. to be comprehended

upadhārya

ind.p. having taken or held up etc.

upadhāśuci

mfn. of approved virtue, approved, tried

upadhātu

m. a secondary mineral, semi-metal (seven are specified: svarṇa-mākṣika-,pyrites; tāra-mākṣika-,a particular white mineral; tuttha-,sulphate of copper; kāṃsya-,brass; rīti-,calx of brass; sindūra-,red lead; śilājatu-,red chalk)

upadhātu

m. secondary secretions and constituents of the body (viz. the milk, menses, adeps, sweat, teeth, hair, and lymph)

upaḍhauk

Causal P. -ḍhaukayati-, to fetch, bring, prepare ; to offer, present

commentator or commentary on

upaḍhaukana

n. a respectful present (made to a king)

upadhaukita

mfn. prepared, arranged

upadhāv

A1. (parasmE-pada -dh/āvamāna-) to run ; to soar

: P. -dhāvati-, to run near, approach hastily ; to have recourse to for assistance

upadhāvana

m. a follower

upadhāya

ind.p. having placed or rested upon etc.

upadhāyin

mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' placing under

upadhe

Causal A1. (3. dual number -dhāpayete-) to suckle, rear by suckling

upadhenu

ind. near the cows,

upadheya

mfn. to be placed upon, being placed upon.

upadhi

m. the act of putting to, adding, addition

upadhi

m. the part of the wheel between the nave and the circumference

upadhi

m. fraud, circumvention

etc.

upadhi

m. condition

upadhi

m. peculiarity, attribute (

;See upā-dhi-)

upadhi

one of the requisites for the equipment of a jaina- ascetic (said to be 6, viz. 3 garments, 1 jar, 1 broom, and 1 screen for the mouth),

upadhi

m. support

upadhi

See .

upadhika

m. a cheat, knave (especially one who imposes by threats)

upadhika

m. (

reads aupadhika-,and probably caupadhikā-is to be read for copadhikā-in the text.)

upadhmā

P. -dh/amati-, to blow or breathe at or upon

upadhmā

f. idem or 'n. the act of blowing at, blowing '

upadhmā

f. the effort of the voice which produces the sound upadhmānīya-.

upadhmāna

mf(ī-)n. breathing or blowing upon

upadhmānīya

m. the visarga- (q.v) as pronounced before the letters p- and ph-

upadhṛ

Causal P. -dhārayati-, to hold up, support, bear

; to hold as, consider as, regard, think

etc. ; to hold in the mind, reflect or meditate on

; to perceive, comprehend, hear, experience, learn

upadhṛṣ

P. (perfect tense -dadharṣa-) to venture to undertake

upadhṛti

f. a ray of light

upadhūmitā

f. (scilicet diś-,fr. upadhūmaya-),"enveloped in haze", the quarter of the heavens to which the sun is proceeding (opposed to dagdhā-, dīptā-,and the five śāntā-), vasantarāja-

(see pra-dhūmitā-, saṃ-dhū-.)

upadhūpaya

Nom. (fr. dhūpa-) P. -dhūpayati-, to fumigate, envelop in smoke ; to envelop in mist ; to darken, cover

upadhūpita

mfn. fumigated, enveloped in smoke

upadhūpita

mfn. near death, dying

upadhūpitā

f. (scilicet diś-) = the next.

upadhvaṃs

Passive voice -dhvasyate-, to be afflicted or attacked

upadhvasta

mfn. speckled, spotted

(see dhvasta-.)

upadhyāta

mfn. remembered, thought of

upadī

(kṣaye-

) .

upadī

f. a parasitical plant

upadidikṣā

f. (fr. Desiderative), the wish or intention to teach or inform commentator or commentary on

upadidikṣu

mfn. ( diś-) intending to teach,

, Introduction

upadigdha

See upa-dih-.

upadigdha

mfn. smeared, covered

upadigdha

mfn. fat

upadigdhatā

f. the state of being smeared or covered

upadīka

mf(ā-) a species of ant

upadīkṛta

mfn. offered as a present

upadīkṣ

Caus.

upadīkṣin

mfn. one who has been initiated in addition to

; 4.

upadīkṣya

ind.p. having initiated in addition to

upadīp

Caus. -dīpayati-, to kindle, set fire to

upadīpayitvā

(irregular) ind.p. having kindled

upadiś

P. A1. -diśati-, -te-, to point out to

; to indicate, specify, explain, inform, instruct, teach

etc. ; to advise, admonish

; to mention, exhibit, speak of

etc. ; to settle, prescribe, command, dictate, govern

etc. ; to name, call

: Passive voice -diśyate-, to be taught, etc.

upadiś

mfn. (for 3.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') pointing out to, showing

upadiś

mfn. See māropadiś-.

upadiś

f. an intermediate region or point of the compass.

upadiśa

m. Name of a son of vasu-deva-

upadiśā

f. idem or 'ind. between two regions, in an intermediate region '

upadiśam

ind. between two regions, in an intermediate region

mfn. specified, particularized

mfn. taught, instructed

mfn. mentioned

mfn. prescribed, commanded etc.

mfn. initiated

n. counsel, advice, (in dramatic language) a persuasive speech in conformity with the prescribed rules

upadiśya

ind.p. having indicated or taught etc.

upadiśya

indicating, teaching etc.

upadoha

m. idem or ' dhuk- m. ( duh-), a milk-pail '

upadoha

See upa-duh-.

upadohana

n. idem or 'm. idem or ' dhuk- m. ( duh-), a milk-pail ' '

upadraṣṭṛ

m. a looker-on, spectator

upadraṣṭṛ

m. a witness

etc.

upadraṣṭṛkā

f. a female witness

upadraṣṭṛmat

mfn. having witnesses

upadraṣṭṛmati

ind. locative case before witnesses

upadrava

m. that which attacks or occurs suddenly, any grievous accident, misfortune, calamity, mischief, national distress (such as famine, plague, oppression, eclipse, etc.)

upadrava

m. national commotion, rebellion

upadrava

m. violence, outrage

etc.

upadrava

m. a supervenient disease or one brought on whilst a person labours under another

upadrava

m. the fourth of the five parts of a sāman- stanza

commentator or commentary on

upadravin

mfn. attacking suddenly, falling on

upadravin

mfn. tyrannical, violent

upadravin

mfn. factious

upadravin

m. a tyrant, oppressor

upadravin

m. a rebel

upadṛś

P. (Aorist subjunctive 2. dual number -darśathas-

) to descry, perceive

; to look at or regard (with indifference)

: Passive voice -dṛśyate- (Aorist -adarśi-;3. plural -adṛśran-

) to be perceived, be or become visible, appear

: Causal -darśayati-, to cause to see, show, exhibit

etc. ; to cause to appear, present a false show, deceive, illude

; to explain, illustrate

upadṛś

f. aspect, look, appearance

upadṛṣad

ind. near or on a mill-stone

upadṛṣadam

ind. idem or 'ind. near or on a mill-stone '

upadṛṣṭi

f. idem or 'f. aspect, look, appearance '

upadru

P. -dravati- (Aorist -/adudrot-

) to run near or towards ; to run at, rush at, oppress, assault, attack

; to sing the upa-drava- or fourth of the five parts of a sāman- stanza

upadruta

mfn. run after, persecuted, attacked, oppressed, visited (by calamities), tyrannized over

etc.

upadruta

mfn. (in astrology) eclipsed = boding evil, inauspicious

upadruta

n. a kind of saṃdhi-

upaduh

dhuk- m. ( duh-), a milk-pail

upaduṣ

P. -duṣyati-, to become corrupt or depraved (as a woman)

upadvāra

n. a side-door

(see sūpadvāra-.)

upadvīpa

m. a small adjacent island, minor island

upaga

mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' approaching, going towards

upaga

mfn. being or staying in or on

upaga

mfn. following, belonging to

upaga

mfn. fit for, conducive to

upaga

mfn. approached

upaga

mfn. furnished with

upaga

mfn. covered (as a female)

upagā

(for 2.See upa-gai-) P. -gāti- (subjunctive -gāt-; 3. plural -gus-; Aorist 1. sg. -geṣam-

) to go near to, arrive at ; to come into, undergo

; to go, walk (path/ā-,a way)

upagā

f. accompaniment of a song

upagāh

P. (parasmE-pada -gāhat-) to penetrate, force one's way into

upagahana

m. Name of a ṛṣi-

upagai

P. -gāyati- (imperative 2. plural -gāyatā-

) to sing to any one (dative case or accusative) ; to join in singing, accompany a song ; to sing before, sing, praise in song, celebrate,"fill with song"

etc.

etc. ; to sing near: Passive voice -gīyate- (parasmE-pada -gīy/amāna-

;and -gīyat-[irr.]

) to be sung or praised in song ; to be sung before

upagam

P. -gacchati- (infinitive mood -gantav/ai-

) to go near to, come towards, approach, arrive at, reach, attain, visit (with accusative and rarely dative case)

etc. ; to come upon, attack ; to press hard upon

etc. ; to occur, happen, present itself

etc. ; to undertake, begin

; to approach (a woman sexually)

; to enter any state or relation, undergo, obtain, participate in, make choice of, suffer

etc. ; to admit, agree to, allow, confess: Causal -gamayati-, to cause to come near or approach

: Desiderative -jigamiṣati-, to wish to approach, desire to go

upagama

m. approach, coming to, approximation

etc.

upagama

m. entering (into any state or condition), obtaining, acquiring, having

upagama

m. approaching respectfully, veneration

upagama

m. coming near to, perceiving commentator or commentary on

upagama

m. acquaintance, society

upagama

m. intercourse (as of the sexes)

upagama

m. undergoing, suffering, feeling

upagama

m. agreement, promise

upagama

m. a particular number (

)

upagamana

n. the act of going towards, approaching, attaining

upagamana

n. the act of coming near, perceiving

upagamana

n. undertaking, addicting one's self to.

upagāmin

mfn. coming near, approaching, arriving

upagamya

mfn. to be approached, approachable, obtainable

upagamya

ind.p. having approached, approaching etc.

upagaṇa

mfn. constituting a small class or number less than a troop

upagaṇa

m. Name of a man (

)

upagāna

n. an accompanying song

upagandhin

mfn. fragrant,

(Bombay edition).

upagata

mfn. gone to, met, approached (especially for protection or refuge

)

etc.

upagata

mfn. attained, obtained

upagata

mfn. arrived, occurred, happened

upagata

mfn. undergone, experienced

etc. furnished with

upagata

mfn. agreed, allowed

upagata

mfn. promised

upagata

mfn. near at hand

upagata

mfn. approximate

upagata

mfn. passed away, dead

upagata

n. receipt, acquittance

mfn. one who has gone to or approached

mfn. possessing

mfn. feeling, suffering (exempli gratia, 'for example' sorrow)

mfn. one who has undertaken or promised

upagati

f. approach, going near

upagati

f. undergoing

upagātṛ

m. one who accompanies the song of the ud-gātṛ-, a chorister

upagatya

ind.p. = 2. upa-gamya-.

upagāyana

n. singing

upageya

mfn. (for 2.See) to be approached

upageya

mfn. to be observed or kept

upageya

mfn. to be sung or celebrated

upageya

n. song

upaghāta

m. (fr. upa-han- q.v), a stroke, hurt, violation

upaghāta

m. injury, damage, offence, wrong

etc.

upaghāta

m. weakness, sickness, disease, morbid affection (see puṃstvopa-, svaropa-)

upaghāta

m. a kind of oblation or sacrifice

upaghātaka

mfn. striking, hurting

upaghātaka

mfn. injuring, damaging offending

upaghātaka

m. injury, offence, damage

upaghātam

ind. p. See upa-han-.

upaghātam

ind.p. taking out, drawing out

upaghātam

ladling out

upaghātin

mfn. one who does damage, hurting, injuring

upaghaṭṭ

to stir up

upaghna

m. contiguous support, resting-place, shelter, refuge

upaghnataru

m. a supporting tree, a tree which supports a climbing plant

upaghoṣaṇa

n. proclamation, publication

upaghrā

P. -jighrati- (-j/ighrati-

) to smell at ; to touch (with the mouth)

etc. ; to smell

; to kiss

: Causal -ghrāpayati-, to cause to smell at

upaghrāta

mfn. smelled at, touched by the mouth (of a cow)

upaghrāyam

ind.p. smelling at

upaghuṣṭa

mfn. caused to resound, resounding with, sounding

upagiram

ind. near or at a mountain

upagiri

ind. idem or 'ind. near or at a mountain '

upagiri

m. (is-) the country near a mountain

upagīta

mfn. sung to or before, sung, celebrated, proclaimed

upagīta

mfn. one who has begun to sing near

upagītha

n. idem or 'f. a kind of āryā- metre (consisting of four lines of alternately twelve and fifteen instants).'

upagīti

f. a kind of āryā- metre (consisting of four lines of alternately twelve and fifteen instants).

upagohya

mfn. to be hidden

upagohya

m. a kind of fire considered as impure

upagṝ

P. (1. plural -gṛṇīmasi-,3. p. -gṛṇ/anti-) to approach with praise, revere, worship

upagṝ

P. (Potential -gilet-) to swallow down

upagrah

P. -gṛhṇāti- (Aorist -agrabhīt-

) to seize from below ; to hold under, put under ; to support

etc. ; to collect a fluid (by holding a vessel under)

; to seize, take possession of, take, obtain ; to subdue, become master of

etc. ; to draw near (to one's self) ; to conciliate, propitiate ; to take as one's ally

; to comprehend

; to take up again, renew

; to accept, approve

upagraha

m. (for 2.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) seizure, confinement

upagraha

m. a prisoner

upagraha

m. a handful (of kuśa- grass)

upagraha

m. adding, addition (of a sound) commentator or commentary on

upagraha

m. an e- used as nidhana- (q.v) at the end of a sāman-

upagraha

m. alteration, change

upagraha

m. propitiation, conciliation, coaxing

upagraha

m. a kind of saṃdhi- or peace (purchased by the cession of everything)

upagraha

m. the pada- or voice of a verb commentator or commentary on

upagraha

m. a kind of demon causing diseases (supposed to preside over the planets)

upagrāha

m. a complimentary gift, present to a superior

upagraha

m. (fr. graha-with upa-implying inferiority) , a minor planet or any heavenly body of a secondary kind, a comet, meteor, falling star etc.

upagrahaṇa

n. the act of seizing from below, holding under, supporting

upagrahaṇa

n. comprehending, learning

upagrahaṇa

n. the taking any one prisoner, seizure, capture

upagrāhya

n. idem or 'm. a complimentary gift, present to a superior '

upagrāmam

ind. towards the village,

upagranth

P. (1. sg. -granthāmi-for -grathnāmi-?) to intwine or wind round commentator or commentary on

upagrantha

m. "minor work", a class of writings.

upagras

P. (imperfect tense upāgrasat-) to swallow down, devour (as rāhu- the sun) ; to eclipse

upagṛhīta

mfn. held from below, supported

upagṛhīta

mfn. subdued, mastered

upagṛhya

ind.p. having held under or seized from below

upagṛhya

having obtained, obtaining etc.

upagu

m. Name of a king

(varia lectio upa-guru-)

upagu

ind. near a cow

upagudha

(varia lectio upa-guḍa-

)

upagūḍha

mfn. hidden, concealed, covered

upagūḍha

mfn. clasped round, embraced

etc.

upagūḍha

n. the act of embracing, pressing to the bosom, an embrace

upagūḍhavat

mfn. one who has embraced

upaguh

P. -gūhati-, to hide, cover, conceal

: P. A1. to clasp, embrace, press to the bosom

upagūhana

n. the act of hiding, concealing

upagūhana

n. pressing to the bosom, embrace

upagūhana

n. (in dramatic language) the occurrence of any wonderful event

upaguhya

ind.p. having hidden, hiding, concealing

upaguhya

having embraced, embracing.

upagūhya

Epic equals upa-guhya- above.

upagupta

mfn. hidden, concealed

upagupta

m. Name of a king.

upaguptavitta

mfn. of concealed resources

upaguru

m. Name of a king

(varia lectio upa-gu-)

upaguru

m. an assistant teacher

upaguru

ind. near a teacher.

upahā

A1. (Potential 2. sg. -jihīthās-) to descend, come down upon

upahā

Passive voice -hīyate-, to diminish, wane

upahadana

n. the act of discharging excrement upon

upahālaka

m. plural Name of a people (equals kuntala-)

upahan

P. -hanti- A1. -jighnate-, to beat, hit at, strike, touch

; to stick on, put on, force in, ram

; to take hold of, seize, take out ; to hit, hurt, damage, visit, afflict, impede, spoil

etc. ; to make a mistake in reciting, blunder

: Passive voice -hanyate-

; 2.

upahantavya

mfn. to be killed

upahantṛ

mfn. one who hurts or destroys, a destroyer

upahantṛ

mfn. pernicious, unwholesome

upahāra

m. offering, oblation (to a deity)

upahāra

m. complimentary gift, present (to a king or superior)

etc.

upahāra

m. (upahāraṃ vi-dhā-,to offer an oblation to a god [acc.], sacrifice to any one

)

upahāra

m. a particular kind of alliance (purchased through a gift)

etc.

upahāra

m. food (distributed to guests etc.)

upahāra

m. (with the pāśupata-s) a kind of religious service (consisting of laughter, song, dance, muttering huḍuk-,adoration and pious ejaculation)

upahāraka

mf(ikā-). an offering, oblation, gift, present

n. the act of bringing near, proffering, offering

n. presenting victims

n. distributing or serving out food

n. taking, seizing

upaharaṇīya

mfn. to be offered or presented,

upahārapaśu

m. a victim

upahāratā

upahāratva

n. the state of being an oblation or offering

upahāravarman

m. Name of a man

upahārīcikīrṣu

mfn. intending to sacrifice any one

upahārīkṛ

P. A1. to offer (as an oblation or sacrifice)

upahārin

mfn. offering, presenting

upahārin

mfn. sacrificing.

upahartavya

mfn. idem or 'mfn. to be offered or presented, '

upahartṛ

mfn. one who offers or presents, one who serves out (food), a host

upahārya

mfn. to be offered as an oblation

upahārya

mfn. to be presented

upahārya

n. an offering, oblation

upahas

P. -hasati-, to laugh at, deride, ridicule

etc. ; to smile: Causal -hāsayati-, to deride, ridicule

upahāsa

m. laughter, derision, mockery, jeer

upahāsa

m. ridiculousness

upahāsa

m. fun, play, jest, sport

upahāsagir

f. a joke, jest

upahāsaka

mfn. ridiculing others, jocose

upahāsaka

m. a jester

upahāsaka

n. drollery, fun

upahāsanīyatā

f. ridiculousness,

upahāsāspada

n. a laughing-stock.

upahāsin

mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' deriding, ridiculing

upahasita

mfn. laughed at, derided

upahasita

n. laughter accompanied by shaking the head (sa-śiraḥ-kampam-)

upahasta

m. the act of taking with the hand, receiving ([

]) gaRa vetanādi-

, (not in

)

upahastaya

Nom. P. upahastayati-, to take with the hand, receive

upahastikā

f. a box for betel or condiments

upahasvan

mfn. laughing at, deriding, mocking

upahāsya

mfn. to be laughed at or derided, ridiculous

upahāsyatā

f. the state of being to be laughed at or derided, ridiculousness

upahāsyatā

f. (upahāsyatāṃ-gam-,to expose one's self to laughter, become ridiculous

)

upahata

mfn. hit, hurt, damaged, injured, visited, afflicted, pained, infected

etc.

upahata

mfn. affected, transported (with passion)

upahata

mfn. seduced, misled

upahata

mfn. distressed, weakened, discouraged

upahata

mfn. killed

upahata

mfn. scattered over, covered commentator or commentary on

upahatadhī

mfn. affected in mind, infatuated.

upahataka

mfn. ill-rated, unfortunate, unlucky

upahatātman

mfn. idem or 'mfn. affected in mind, infatuated.'

upahati

f. hurt, damage, injure, oppression

upahati

f. (equals ava-kara-) a dust-heap

upahatnu

mfn. hitting, hurting, destroying (enemies)

upahatyā

f. hurt, damage, morbid affection (as of the eyes)

upahava

m. calling to, inviting, invitation, (upa-hav/am-iṣ-,to desire an invitation to [ locative case ], wish to be invited to exempli gratia, 'for example' t/asminn /indra upahav/am aicchata-, indra- wished to be invited to that [sacrifice]

)

upahavya

See upa-hu-.

upahavya

m. a secondary or supplementary libation or sacrifice, Name of a particular religious act

upahiṃs

P. A1. -hiṃsati-, -te-, to hurt, wound, injure, damage

upahita

mfn. (for 2.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) put on or upon, placed, deposited, put into

etc.

upahita

mfn. joining, connected with

upahita

mfn. mixed

upahita

mfn. (in grammar) immediately preceded by

upahita

mfn. resting or depending upon, having as a condition

upahita

mfn. used, employed for

upahita

mfn. brought near, handed over, given

etc.

upahita

mfn. misled, deceived

upahita

mfn. (for 1.See) good in a secondary degree, somewhat good

upahita

n. a secondary good

upahiti

f. the putting or placing upon

upahiti

f. devotedness to

upahoma

m. an additional or supplementary sacrifice

upahṛ

P. -harati-, to bring near, reach forth, proffer, offer, place before, give to taste (especially food)

and

etc. ; to put together, gather, collect

; to apply (medicine)

; to take away ; to destroy

: A1. -harate-, to accept, receive

: Causal -hārayati-, to place before, proffer, offer

: Desiderative jihīrṣati-, to wish to offer

upahṛta

mfn. brought near, offered, presented

upahṛta

mfn. immolated, sacrificed (as a victim)

upahṛta

mfn. served out (as food)

upahṛta

mfn. taken

upahṛta

mfn. collected, gathered.

upahṛtya

ind.p. having brought near etc.

upahu

P. -juhoti-, to sacrifice or offer a libation in addition to

upahūta

mfn. called near, invited

etc.

upahūta

mfn. that to which one invites

upahūta

mfn. summoned, invoked

upahūta

m. Name of śākalya-

upahūta

m. plural Name of particular manes

upahūti

f. calling (to fight), challenging, challenge

upahūya

ind.p. having called near or invited etc.

upahvāna

n. the act of inviting, invitation

upahvara

m. a winding or circuitous course full of turnings, uneven or rough ground, slope, declivity etc.

upahvara

m. a car, carriage

upahvara

n. (generally e- locative case) proximity, nearness

upahvara

n. a solitary or private place

upahvartavya

mfn. to be approached by windings and turnings

upahve

only A1. (

) -hvayate- (rarely P.

) to call near to, invite

etc. ; to call up, invoke

; to call to, cheer, encourage

: Desiderative -juhūṣati-, to wish to call near

upahvṛ

A1. -hv/arate-, to approach by windings and turnings, reach an end after many deviations or errors

upaidh

( upa-edh-) A1. upaidhate-, to thrive or prosper in addition (?)

upaja

(for 2.See) mfn. ( jan-), additional, accessory

(

reads upa-c/am-[1. ci-];See Weber's extracts from the commentator or commentary on the above passage, where

reads correctly tricatura-māsād āropitam-instead of tṛcaturān mākhābapitam-[?]) .

upaja

mfn. (for 1.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) produced or coming from

upaja

m. Name of a deity.

upajā

f. distant or not immediate posterity

upajagatī

f. a particular metre (a variety of the triṣṭubh-;three pāda-s containing twelve instants instead of eleven)

upajalā

f. Name of a river

upajalpin

mfn. talking to a person, giving advice

upajalpita

n. talk

upajan

A1. -j/āyate-, to be produced or originate in addition ; to be added or put to

etc. ; to follow (as a consequence)

; to be born, originate, come forth, appear, become visible, happen

etc. ; to be born again

; to exist, be

: Causal -janayati-, to generate, produce ; to cause, effect

upajana

m. addition, increase

upajana

m. appendage

commentator or commentary on

etc.

upajana

m. addition of a letter (in the formation of a word), letters or syllables or affixes added

upajanam

ind. near the people

upajanam

ind. before men, in presence of others,

upajanana

n. generation, procreation

upajandhani

m. Name of a man

upajānu

ind. in or near the knee

upajap

P. -japati-, to whisper (karṇe-,or karṇam-,into anybody's ear)

; to bring over to one's own party (by secretly suggesting anything into the ear) ; to instigate to rebellion or treachery

upajāpa

m. the act of rousing to rebellion or bringing over to one's own party (See above)

upajāpaka

mfn. one who brings over to his party or one who rouses to rebellion (by whispering into the ear etc.)

upajapta

mfn. brought over or instigated to rebellion (by whispering into the ear etc.)

upajapya

mfn. to be brought over or instigated to rebellion (see the last)

upajarasam

ind. towards or near old age see

upajāta

mfn. added, additional

etc.

upajāta

mfn. produced, engendered, aroused, originated

upajātakheda

mfn. suffering from exhaustion, faint, feeble

upajātakopa

mfn. one whose anger is aroused, provoked, excited

upajātakrodha

mfn. one whose anger is aroused, provoked, excited

upajātaviśvāsa

mfn. inspired with confidence, confident, trusting, believing

upajāti

f. a mixed metre (especially a combination of indra-vajrā- and upendra-vajrā-, or of vaṃśa-stha- and indra-vaṃśa-).

upajātikā

f. idem or 'f. a mixed metre (especially a combination of indra-vajrā- and upendra-vajrā-, or of vaṃśa-stha- and indra-vaṃśa-).'

upaji

P. -jayati-, to acquire by conquest, gain, obtain

upajigamiṣu

mfn. (fr. Desiderative), wishing or desiring to go near

upajigamiṣu

See upa-gam-.

upajighraṇa

f(ā-)n. the act of smelling at

upajighraṇa

See upa-ghrā-.

upajihīrṣā

f. See upa-hṛ-.

upajihīrṣā

f. the wish or intention to take away or to rob

upajihvā

f. the epiglottis

upajihvā

f. an abscess on the under side of the tongue

upajihvā

f. a kind of ant

upajihvikā

f. a kind of ant

upajihvikā

f. the epiglottis

upajihvikā

f. an abscess (See above)

upajijñāsu

See upa-jñā-.

upajijñāsu

mfn. (fr. Desiderative), wishing to know or to become acquainted with

upajijñāsya

mfn. to be excogitated or found out

upajijñāsya

mfn. enigmatical

upajijñāsya

to be informed of all,

upajīkā

f. a kind of ant

upajīv

P. -jīvati- (3. plural -j/īvanti-) to live or exist upon (food), subsist, support one's self on, be supported by

etc. ; to derive profit from, make use of (with accusative)

etc. ; to live under, be dependent on, serve

etc. ; to live for a profession, practice

etc.: Causal -jīvayati-, to use, make the most of

upajīva

mfn. probably not very different in meaning from jīv/a- q.v

upajīvā

f. subsistence

upajīvaka

mfn. living upon, subsisting by (with instrumental case or in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound')

commentator or commentary on

upajīvaka

mfn. living under, depending upon, subject to, a dependant, servant

upajīvaka

f(ikā-)n. subsistence, livelihood

upajīvana

n. livelihood, subsistence

etc.

upajīvana

n. dependance, submissiveness

upajīvanīya

mfn. affording or serving for livelihood

upajīvin

mfn. living on, subsisting by (with accusative or genitive case or in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound')

etc.

upajīvin

mfn. living in dependence, dependent, subject

upajīvin

mfn. submissive, humble,

upajīvitṛ

mfn. living on (genitive case),

, Scholiast or Commentator

upajīvya

mfn. that by which one lives, affording or serving for a livelihood

etc.

upajīvya

mfn. that on which one depends or rests

upajīvya

ind.p. having lived upon

upajīvya

depending on, because of (with accusative)

upajman

m. ( gam-), way, path ([

])

upajñā

A1. -jānīte- (3. plural -jānate-

) to ascertain, excogitate, invent, find out, hit upon

upajñā

f. knowledge found out or invented by one's self (not handed down by tradition), untaught or primitive knowledge, invention

upajña

mfn. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') invented or first taught by, unknown before

and

upajñāta

mfn. excogitated, invented, found out

upajñāta

mfn. ascertained by one's self, unknown before

upajoṣa

m. desire, pleasure, liking See yathopajoṣam-

upajoṣa

m. silently, quietly

varia lectio

upajoṣam

ind. according to one's desire or liking

upajoṣaṇa

n. enjoyment, use

upajoṣaṇa

n. taking (food)

upajri

P. -jrayati-, to go near to

upajuṣ

P. (perfect tense 3. plural -jujuṣus-) to excite pleasure, gladden

upajvalana

mfn. fit fur kindling fire,

upajvalita

mfn. lighted up (with an- negative)

upajyotiṣa

n. a compendium of astronomy

upaka

m. a diminutive for all proper names of men beginning with upa-

upakādi

m. a gaṇa-

upakakṣa

mfn. reaching to the shoulder

upakakṣa

mfn. being under the arm-pit

upakakṣa

n. (scilicet loman-) the hair under the arm-pit

upakakṣadaghna

mfn. reaching up to the shoulder,

upakāla

m. Name of a king of the nāga-s

upakalāpam

ind. near the girdle, down to the girdle, gaRa parimukhādi-

(

)

upakālikā

f. Nigella Indica

upakalpa

m. an appurtenance

upakalpana

n. the act of preparing, preparation

upakalpanā

f. preparing (articles of food or medicine), fabricating, making

upakalpanā

f. substituting

upakalpanīya

mfn. to be prepared or procured or fetched

upakalpanīya

mfn. treating of preparation etc. (as & chapter)

upakalpayitavya

mfn. to be prepared or made

upakalpin

mfn. prepared or ready for (dative case),

upakalpita

mfn. prepared, procured, fetched

upakalpita

mfn. arranged etc.

upakalpya

ind.p. having prepared or procured etc.

upakaniṣṭhikā

f. (scilicet aṅgulī-) the finger next to the little finger, the last finger but one

upakāntam

ind. near a friend, near a lover or a loved one

mfn. being upon the neck or near the throat

mfn. being in the proximity of, proximate, near

n. proximity, neighbourhood, contiguous space

etc.

n. space near a village or its boundary

n. a horse's gallop

upakaṇṭham

ind. towards the neck, round the neck

upakanyā

equals upa-gatā kanyām-

upakanyāpuram

(upa-kanyāpuram-) ind. near the women's apartments

upakāra

m. help, assistance, benefit, service, favour

upakāra

m. use, advantage

etc.

upakāra

m. (upakāre-vṛt-,to be of service to another

)

upakāra

m. preparation, ornament, decoration, embellishment (as garlands suspended at gateways on festivals, flowers etc.)

mf(ikā-)n. doing a service or favour, assisting, helping, benefiting

mf(ikā-)n. suitable, requisite

etc.

mf(ikā-)n. subsidiary, subservient

mf(ikā-)n. accessory

upakārakatva

n. the state of being helpful or assisting

n. the act of doing anything for another, doing a service or favour, helping, assisting, benefiting

etc.

n. instrument, implement, machine, engine, apparatus, paraphernalia (as the vessels at a sacrifice etc.)

etc.

n. anything added over and above, contribution, expedient

n. means of subsistence, anything supporting life

n. any object of art or science

n. anything fabricated

etc.

n. the insignia of royalty

n. the attendants of a king

(according to some also) heaping earth (from kṝ-), Vish2n

upakaraṇārtha

mfn. suitable (as a meaning), requisite

upakaraṇavat

(upakaraṇ/a-) mfn. furnished with means or instruments or implements, competent to do anything

upakaraṇībhū

to become an instrument, become or be dependent

upakaraṇīkṛ

to cause to be instrument, make dependent

upakaraṇīya

mfn. to be helped or assisted etc.

upakārāpakāra

m. dual number kindness and injury.

upakārapara

mfn. intent on doing benefits or good, beneficent.

upakārī

f. a royal tent

upakārī

f. a palace

upakārī

f. a caravansery

f. a protectress

f. a female assistant

f. a palace, a caravansery

f. a kind of cake

upakārin

mfn. helping, assisting, doing a favour

upakārin

mfn. a benefactor

upakārin

mfn. subsidiary, subservient, requisite

upakāritva

n. aid, succour, protection

upakarṇam

ind. near the ear, close to the ear

upakarṇikā

f. that which goes from ear to ear, rumour, report

upakarṣam

ind. drawing near or towards one's self, seizing

upakarṣaṇa

See column 3.

upakarṣaṇa

n. the act of drawing or dragging near

upakartavya

n. (impersonal or used impersonally) a service is to be rendered to (genitive case),

(Bombay edition).

upakartṛ

mf(trī-)n. one who does a favour, one who benefits, a helper

upakārya

mfn. to be helped or assisted, deserving or requiring assistance or favour

f. a royal tent

f. a king's house, palace

f. a caravansery

f. a cemetery

upakāśa

m. aurora, dawn

upakāśa

mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' aspect, appearance (see nīlopakāśa-).

upakāśinī

f. Name (also title or epithet) of a demon,

upakathā

f. a short story, tale

upakathā

f. a subordinate narrative.

upakeru

m. Name of a man

upaketu

m. Name of a man

upakhātam

ind. near the ditch

upakhila

n. a sub-supplement, supplement to a supplement

upakhyā

Passive voice -khyāyate-, to be seen or perceived

upakīcaka

m. a follower of kīcaka-

upakiraṇa

See upa-kṝ-.

upakiraṇa

n. the act of scattering or throwing over, covering up (with earth), burying

upakīrṇa

mfn. besprinkled

upakīrṇa

mfn. strewed with, covered

upakleśa

m. (with

) a lesser kleśa- (q.v) or cause of misery (as conceit, pride etc.)

upaklid

P. to become wet ; to rot, putrefy: Causal -kledayati-, to make wet, soak

upaklinna

mfn. wet, moist

upaklinna

mfn. rotten, putrid

upakḷp

A1. -kalpate-, to be fit for, be ready at hand, become

; to serve as, lead to (with dative case)

; to take the shape or form of, become, be

: Causal P. -kalpayati- (infinitive mood -kalpayitav/ai-

) to prepare, make ready, equip ; to procure, bring near, fetch

etc. ; to allot, asign

; to put or set up, turn towards ; to arrange

; to impart, communicate

; to assume, suppose

upakḷpta

mfn. ready, prepared

etc.

upakḷpta

mfn. equipped, adapted, fitted for, brought near

etc.

upakḷpta

mfn. produced, formed

upakoṇa

m. an intermediate point of the compass

upakośā

f. Name of a daughter of upa-varṣa- and wife of vara-ruci-

upakosala

m. Name of a man

upakṛ

P. A1. -karoti-, -kurute-, to bring or put near to, furnish with, provide

; to assist, help, favour, benefit, cause to succeed or prosper

etc. ; to foster, take care of ; to serve, do homage to (with accusative;only A1.by

;butSee

)

etc. ; to undertake, begin, set about

; to scold, insult

; upa-skṛ- (s-inserted or perhaps original) A1. -skurute-, to add, supply

; to furnish with ; to prepare, elaborate, arrange, get ready ; to adorn, decorate, ornament ; to deform, disfigure, derange, disorder, spoil ; to take care for

; to bring together, assemble.

upakṝ

P. -kirati-, to scatter or throw down, scatter upon ; to pour upon, besprinkle, bestrew

etc. ; upa-s-kṝ- (with s-inserted or perhaps original) P. -skirati-, to cut up, split ; to hurt

upakram

P. -krāmati- (rarely -kramati-) A1. -kramate-, to go near, approach, come to

; to rush upon, attack (only P.by

)

; to approach with any object, have recourse to, set about, undertake, begin (with accusative dative case or infinitive mood only A1.by

)

etc. ; to treat, attend on (as a physician)

upakrama

m. the act of going or coming near, approach

upakrama

m. setting about, undertaking, commencement, beginning

etc.

upakrama

m. enterprise, planning, original conception, plan

etc.

upakrama

m. anything leading to a result

upakrama

m. a means, expedient, stratagem, exploit

etc.

upakrama

m. remedy, medicine

upakrama

m. attendance (on a patient), treatment, practice or application of medicine, physicking

etc.

upakrama

m. the rim of a wheel

upakrama

m. a particular ceremony preparatory to reading the veda-s

upakrama

m. trying the fidelity etc. of a counsellor or friend

upakrama

m. heroism, courage

upakrama

effort, endeavour,

upakramaṇa

mf(ī-)n. approaching

upakramaṇa

mf(ī-)n. complying with, granting

upakramaṇa

n. attendance (on a patient), treatment

mfn. to be approached or gone to

mfn. to be undertaken or commenced

mfn. to be treated (as a patient)

mfn. treating of attendance (on a patient).

upakramaparākrama

m. Name of work

upakramitavya

mfn. to be undertaken or commenced

upakramya

mfn. to be attended or treated (as a patient)

upakramya

ind.p. having approached

upakramya

having undertaken or commenced etc.

upakrāmya

mfn. = upa-kramya-1 above.

mfn. approached

mfn. undertaken, commenced, begun

etc.

mfn. treated, attended on, cured

etc.

mfn. previously mentioned

upakrantṛ

mfn. one who undertakes, a beginner

upakrīḍ

P. -krīḍati-, to play or dance around

upakrīḍā

f. place for playing, play-ground

upakrīḍā

f. (a kind of circus for public sports common in Malabar,

)

upakriyā

f. the act of bringing near to

upakriyā

f. favour, assistance, help, benefit, service

upakriyā

f. means, expedient

upakriyā

f. remedy

upakrīya

ind.p. having bought or purchased

upakrośa

m. reproach, censure

upakrośana

n. the act of censuring blaming

upakrośanakara

mfn. causing reproach, disgracing, dishonouring

upakroṣṭṛ

mfn. one who scolds or censures

upakroṣṭṛ

mfn. making a noise, braying

upakroṣṭṛ

m. an ass

upakṛṣ

P. -karṣati-, to draw towards or near one's self

; to draw with one's self, draw or drag away

; to remove, give up

upakṛṣṇa

mfn. equals upagataḥ kṛṣṇam- gaRa gaurādi-

upakṛṣṇaka

m. Name of a being in skanda-'s retinue

upakṛt

P. -kṛntati-, to hurt, violate

upakṛta

mfn. helped, assisted, benefited

upakṛta

mfn. rendered as assistance, done kindly or beneficently etc.

upakṛta

mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' gaRa kṛtādi-

upakṛta

n. help, favour, benefit

upakṛti

f. assistance, help, favour, kindness

upakṛtimat

mfn. one who does a favour, helping, assisting

upakṛtin

mfn. one who has done or does a favour, a helper etc. gaRa iṣṭādi-

upakruś

P. -krośati-, to scold, blame: Causal -krośayati-, to cause to cry or lament

upakruṣṭa

mfn. chid, scolded at

upakruṣṭa

m. a person of low caste, a carpenter, [Comm.]

upakruśya

ind.p. having scolded, blaming, chiding

upakṣapayitṛ

mfn. (fr. the Causal) , one who destroys, a destroyer

upakṣar

P. -kṣarati-, to flow or stream towards

; to pour over

upakṣatra

m. Name of a king

upakṣaya

(for 2.See column 2) m. "a secondary or intermediate destruction of the world", Name of śiva- ([

])

upakṣaya

(for 1.See column 1) m. decrease, decline, decay, waste

commentator or commentary on

m. throwing at

m. threatening

m. mention, allusion, hint

etc.

m. poetical or figurative style in composition

upakṣepaka

mfn. alluding, suggesting

upakṣepaka

mfn. See arthopakṣepaka-.

upakṣepaṇa

n. throwing at or down

upakṣepaṇa

n. allusion, hint, suggestion

upakṣepaṇa

n. putting a śūdra-'s food into a Brahman's house (where it is cooked), śāmbu-purāṇa- (

)

upakṣetṛ

mfn. one who dwells or stays near at

upakṣi

Passive voice -kṣīyate-, to waste away, decay, be consumed or exhausted

upakṣi

P. -kṣeti- (

;3. plural -kṣiyanti-

; Potential 1. plural -kṣayema-

) to stay or dwell near or at, abide, dwell on (literally and figuratively)

upakṣīṇa

mfn. exhausted, consumed

upakṣīṇa

mfn. absorbed, lost in commentator or commentary on

upakṣīṇa

mfn. vanished, disappeared

upakṣip

P. -kṣipati-, to throw at, hurl against

; to beat, strike

; to strike with words, insult, accuse, insinuate

; to allude, hint at

; to speak of, describe, define

; to commence, set about (a work)

upakṣit

mfn. dwelling near

upakṣit

mfn. clinging to, adhering

upakṣita

See /an-upakṣita-.

upakṣudra

mfn. some what small

upakūjita

mfn. made to resound with cooing

upakula

n. "secondary family or class", Name of particular nakṣatra-s.

upakūla

mfn. being or growing on the shore or bank

on iv, 3, 59

upakūlaka

m. Name of a man.

upakūlam

ind. on the shore

upakūlatas

ind. on the shore

upakulyā

f. Piper Longum

upakulyā

f. a canal, trench, ditch

upakumbhā

f. Croton Polyandrum

upakumbham

ind. near the water-jar

upakumbhāt

ind. from the water-jar

upakumbhe

ind. near the water-jar

upakumbhena

ind. near the water-jar

upakuñci

f. Nigella Indica

upakuñcikā

f. idem or 'f. Nigella Indica '

upakuñcikā

f. small Cardamoms

upakūpa

m. a small well

upakūpajalāśaya

m. a trough near a well for watering cattle.

upakūpe

ind. near a well

upakuraṅga

m. a species of antelope

upakurvāṇa

See upa-- 1. kṛ-.

upakurvāṇa

(parasmE-pada of the A1.of upa--1. kṛ-See above) m. a brahmacārin- or student of the veda- who honours his religious teacher by a gift on completing his studies and becoming a gṛhastha- (opposed to the naiṣṭhika-, who stays with his teacher till death)

commentator or commentary on

upakurvāṇaka

m. idem or '(parasmE-pada of the A1.of upa--1. kṛ-See above) m. a brahmacārin- or student of the veda- who honours his religious teacher by a gift on completing his studies and becoming a gṛhastha- (opposed to the naiṣṭhika-, who stays with his teacher till death) commentator or commentary on ' commentator or commentary on

commentator or commentary on

upakuśa

m. a gum-boil

upakuśa

m. Name of a son of kuśa-

upakvaṇa

or upa-kvāṇa- m. ( kvaṇ-), the sound of a lute

upakvasa

m. (vocative case /upa-kvasa-) a kind of worm

upala

m. a rock, stone

etc.

upala

m. a precious stone, jewel

upala

m. a cloud

upalā

f. (/upalā-) the upper and smaller mill-stone (which rests on the dṛṣad-)

upala

f. equals śarkarā-

upala

f. ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin apalus?])

upalabdha

mfn. obtained, received

upalabdha

mfn. conceived

upalabdha

mfn. perceived, heard, understood, learnt, known, guessed.

upalabdhārtha

mf(ā-)n. (a statement, tale etc.) the meaning or plot of which is known

upalabdhārtha

mf(ā-)n. true, probable

upalabdhasukha

mfn. one who has experienced pleasure.

upalabdhavya

mfn. to be perceived

upalabdhi

f. obtainment, acquisition, gain

upalabdhi

f. (with garbhasya-) conception

upalabdhi

f. observation, perceiving, perception, becoming aware, understanding, mind, knowledge

etc.

upalabdhi

f. perceptibility, appearance

upalabdhi

f. ([ confer, compare Greek .])

upalabdhimat

mfn. perceiving, understanding

upalabdhimat

mfn. perceptible, intelligible

upalabdhimattva

n. the condition or faculty of perceiving

upalabdhisama

m. (in logic) a kind of sophistical refutation of an argument (exempli gratia, 'for example' the argument, "sound is uneternal because it is produced by some effort", is refuted by saying that sound is also produced by wind)

upalabdhṛ

mfn. one who perceives

commentator or commentary on

upalabh

A1. -labhate-, to seize, get possession of, acquire, receive, obtain, find

etc. ; (with garbham-) to conceive, become pregnant

; to perceive, behold, hear ([ confer, compare Greek ]) , to understand, learn, know, ascertain

etc.: Causal P. -lambhayati-, to cause to obtain or take possession

; to cause to hear or learn or know

on vArttika 2 on

; to cause to be known or distinguished

: Desiderative (parasmE-pada -l/ipsamāna-

) to wish to catch or grasp.

upalābha

m. grasping, catching (See /anupalābha-).

upalabhedin

m. Name of a plant

upalabhya

mfn. obtainable

upalabhya

mfn. perceivable, to be understood

upalabhya

ind.p. having obtained

upalabhya

having perceived etc.

upaladhi

err. for vāladhi- q.v

upalahasta

m. "stone-hand", Name of a cāṇḍāla-

upalaka

m. a stone

upalakṣ

P. A1. -lakṣayati-, -te-, to look at, observe, behold, perceive

etc. ; to pay attention to, regard

; to regard or value as

; to distinguish, mark ; to distinguish by a secondary or unessential mark ; to imply in addition, designate implicitly

: Passive voice -lakṣyate-, to be observed etc. ; to be implied

commentator or commentary on

upalakṣa

m. distinction, distinguishing (See dur-upa-).

upalakṣaka

mfn. observing closely or with attention

upalakṣaka

mfn. implying

upalakṣaka

mfn. designating by implication commentator or commentary on

and

n. the act of observing

n. designation

commentator or commentary on

n. the act of implying something that has not been expressed, implying any analogous object where only one is specified

n. using a term metaphorically or elliptically or in a generic sense

n. synecdoche (of a part for the whole, of an individual for the species, or of a quality for that in which it resides)

commentator or commentary on

etc.

n. a mark

upalakṣaṇatā

f. the being implied or expressed elliptically

upalakṣaṇatva

n. the being implied or expressed elliptically

upalakṣayitavya

mfn. to be observed or regarded

mfn. beheld, perceived, looked at

etc.

mfn. observed

mfn. valued or regarded for

mfn. characterized, marked, distinguished

mfn. included, implied, expressed by implication or elliptically, understood.

upalakṣmī

f. a goddess mentioned with lakṣmī-,

upalakṣya

mfn. to be implied or understood by implication, inferable

upalal

Caus. lālayati-, to treat with tenderness, caress, fondle

upalālana

f(ā-)n. the act of caressing, fondling

commentator or commentary on

upalālita

mfn. caressed, fondled

upalambha

m. obtainment

upalambha

m. perceiving, ascertaining, recognition

upalambhaka

mfn. perceiving

upalambhaka

mfn. (from the Causal) causing to perceive, reminding

upalambhana

n. apprehension, perceiving

upalambhana

n. the capacity of perceiving, intelligence

upalambhya

mfn. worthy to be acquired

upalaprakṣin

mf(/iṇī-)n. grinding (grain) upon mill-stones, miller

upalāśa

m. (probably) = upalā- (aśa- = aśan-,"a stone"),

upalaya

m. a hiding-place,

upalekha

m. "subordinate writing", Name of a grammatical work connected with the prāti-śākhya-s.

upalekhabhāṣya

n. Name of commentaries on the above work.

upalekhapañjikā

upalepa

m. the act of besmearing (with cow-dung)

upalepa

m. obstruction (by phlegm)

upalepa

m. bluntness, dullness

upalepana

n. the act of besmearing (with cow-dung)

etc.

upalepana

n. a means of besmearing, cow-dung

upalepin

mfn. obstructing

upalepin

mfn. smearing, anointing

upalepin

mfn. (upalepin-), serving as ointment

upaleṭa

upalī

A1. -līyate-, to lie close to, cling to

upalikh

to encircle with lines or trenches.

upalikhya

ind.p. having encircled with lines or trenches

upaliṅga

n. a portent, natural phenomenon considered as boding evil

upalip

P. -limpati-, to defile, besmear (especially with cow-dung), smear, anoint

etc. ; to cover, overlay

: Caus -lepayati-, to besmear (especially with cow-dung), smear, anoint

upalipsā

f. (fr. Desiderative), wish to obtain,

upalipsu

mfn. (fr. idem or 'f. (fr. Desiderative), wish to obtain, '), wishing to learn or hear

upalipta

mfn. besmeared, anointed.

upalipya

ind.p. having besmeared or anointed.

upaloha

n. a secondary metal.

upaloṭa

upalubh

Caus. -lobhayati-, to cause to wish, excite the desire of (accusative), allure

upama

mf(ā-)n. uppermost, highest

upama

mf(ā-)n. most excellent, eminent, best

upama

mf(ā-)n. nearest, next, first

upamā

(for 2.See below, and for 3.See column 3) ind. (Ved. instrumental case of the above) in the closest proximity or neighbourhood

upama

mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' for 3. upa-mā- q.v

upamā

P. A1. (imperative 2. sg. -mimīhi-, -māhi-,and -māsva-; subjunctive 2. sg. -māsi-) to measure out to, apportion to, assign, allot, grant, give

: A1. -mimīte-, to measure one thing by another, compare

upamā

f. comparison, resemblance, equality, similarity

upamā

f. a resemblance (as a picture, portrait etc.)

etc.

upamā

f. a particular figure in rhetoric, simile, comparison (a full simile must include four things;See pūrṇopama-, luptopamā-,etc.)

etc.

upamā

f. a particle of comparison

upamā

f. a particular metre

upama

mfn. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') equal, similar, resembling, like (exempli gratia, 'for example' amaropama amaropama- mfn.resembling an immortal)

upamad

P. -madati-, to cheer up, encourage

upamāda

m. enjoyment, amusement

upamāda

See upa-mad-.

upamadgu

m. Name of a younger brother of madgu-

upamadhyamā

f. (scilicet aṅguli-) the finger next to the middle finger, the last finger but one

upamādravya

n. any object used for comparison

upamajj

P. A1. -majjati-, -te-, to dive, sink

commentator or commentary on

upamajjana

n. ablution, bathing, a bath

upamālinī

f. a particular metre.

upamālinītīram

ind. near the banks of the mālinī-

upamām

ind. in the highest degree

upamāna

n. comparison, resemblance, analogy

etc.

upamāna

n. simile

upamāna

n. the object with which anything is compared

etc.

upamāna

n. a particle of comparison

upamāna

n. (in logic) recognition of likeness, comparison (the third of the four pramāṇa-s or means of correct knowledge)

upamāna

mfn. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') similar, like

upamānacintāmaṇi

m. Name of a philosophical work.

upamānatā

upamānatva

n. similarity

upamānatva

n. the state of being an object of comparison

upamānavat

mfn. similar, like

upamānopameyabhāva

m. the connection between the thing to be compared and the object with which it is compared.

upamanthana

n. stirring up,

upamanthanī

f. a staff for stirring

upamanthanī

See above.

upamanthitṛ

mfn. one who stirs or churns (butter etc.)

upamantr

P. A1. -mantrayati-, -te- to call near or towards one's self, call hither, induce to come near

; to summon, invite, persuade

; to address.

upamantraṇa

n. the art of persuading coaxing (= rahasy upa-cchandanam-

)

upamantrin

mfn. persuading, inciting, impelling

upamantrin

m. a subordinate counsellor

upamantrita

mfn. called near or hither

etc.

upamantrita

mfn. summoned, invited, persuaded

upamantrita

mfn. addressed

upamanyu

mfn. striving after, zealous ([

])

upamanyu

mfn. (knowing, understanding, intelligent

)

upamanyu

m. Name of a ṛṣi- (pupil of āyoda-dhaumya-, who aided śiva- in the propagation of his doctrine and received the ocean of milk from him)

etc.

upamanyu

m. plural (avas-) the descendants of the above

(see aupamanyava-.)

upamāraṇa

See upa-mṛ-.

upamāraṇa

n. the act of throwing into water, submerging

upamarda

m. friction, rubbing down

upamarda

m. pressure

upamarda

m. injury, violation

upamarda

m. destruction

commentator or commentary on

and

upamarda

m. suppression (of a sound)

upamardaka

mfn. destroying, annulling, oppressing

upamardana

n. the act of injuring, violation

upamardana

n. suppression, oppression commentator or commentary on

upamardin

mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' destroying, annulling

upamarṣita

mfn. borne patiently, tolerated

upamarṣita

mfn. granted, not begrudged

upamārūpaka

n. (in rhetoric) a particular figure combining comparison and metaphor

upamaśravas

mfn. of highest fame, highly renowned

upamaśravas

m. Name of a son of kuru-śravaṇa- and grandson of mitrātithi-

upamaśravastama

mfn. highly renowned, illustrious

upamāsya

mfn. (fr. upa-māsam-), occurring every month, monthly

upamāt

f. a prop, support equals upam/it- below ([

])

upamath

P. -manthati-, to whirl around

; to stir, churn, mix

; 5.

upamathita

mfn. stirred, churned, mixed

upamathya

ind.p. having stirred

upamathya

churning, mixing

upamāti

f. (for 2.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order), is- comparison, similarity ([

])

upamāti

m. (is-) "assigning or granting"(wealth), Name of agni- ([

])

upamāti

m. (

derives both 1. and 2. upa-māti-fr. upa-man-,"to address.")

upamāti

f. (1. mī-

), destroying, killing.

upamātivani

mfn. engaged in killing enemies, destroyer of enemies ([

])

upamātivani

mfn. (fr. upa-man-,one who receives addresses in a friendly way

)

mfn. (for 2.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) one who compares

mfn. an image-maker, portrait-painter

f. "second mother", foster-mother, nurse

f. a near female relative

upamāvyatireka

m. (in rhetoric) a particular figure combining comparison and contrast

upamekhalam

ind. about or on the slopes or sides (of a mountain)

upameta

m. the tree Vatica Robusta

upameta

m. (vṛkṣāṇāṃ madhye tasya sarvoccatvād anyasyopomānatāṃ prāptatvāt tathātvam-

)

upameya

mfn. to be compared, comparable with (with instrumental case or in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound')

etc.

upameya

n. that which is compared, the subject of comparison (opposed to upa-māna-,the object with which anything is compared)

commentator or commentary on

upameyopamā

f. the resemblance of any object to that compared with it

upameyopamā

f. reciprocal comparison (as of a moon to a beautiful face)

upami

P. -minoti-, to stick or fasten on, put into

upamih

Caus. -mehayati-, to wet

upamīmāṃsā

(fr. Desiderative of man-), deliberation, investigation, consideration

upamit

f. a prop, stay

upamita

mfn. (for 2.See upa-mi-) compared, illustrated by comparison

upamita

mfn. similar.

upamita

(for 1.See above) mfn. stuck or fastened on, put into

upamiti

f. comparison

upamiti

f. resemblance, likeness, similarity

upamiti

f. analogy

upamiti

f. knowledge of things derived from analogy or resemblance

upamitra

n. a minor friend, not an intimate friend,

upamluc

P. (perfect tense -mumloca-) to hide one's self among (with genitive case)

upamlupta

mfn. hidden, concealed

upamṛ

Caus. -mārayati-, to throw into water, plunge, immerse

commentator or commentary on

; (with apsu-)

upamṝ

Passive voice (p. -mūry/amāṇa-) to be worn away or destroyed

upamṝ

(Passive voice - mūryate-), to be destroyed,

upamṛd

P. -mṛdnāti-, to graze in passing (said of a heavenly body in its transit)

; to crush, destroy, annul

commentator or commentary on

: Causal -mardayati-, to destroy, devastate, annul, annihilate

commentator or commentary on

and

upamṛj

P. -mārṣṭi- (3. plural -mṛjanti-

) to stroke ; to touch, sweep, wipe, cleanse

upamṛṣ

Caus.

upamṛta

mfn. died, dead

upamuc

A1. -muñcate-, to put on (exempli gratia, 'for example' shoes)

upamukham

ind. on the mouth

upamūlam

ind. on or at the root

upanad

Caus.

upanadam

ind. (fr. nadi-

), near the river, on the river.

upanaddha

mfn. covered with

upanaddha

mfn. inlaid

upanaddhavya

mfn. to be wrapped or covered with

upanadi

ind. idem or 'ind. (fr. nadi- ), near the river, on the river.'

upanadi

ind. on the river, ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding

upanādita

mfn. caused to resound

upanagara

n. a suburb

upanāgara

m. (scilicet apabhraṃśa- q.v) a particular Prakrit dialect.

upanagarabhava

mfn. being near the city, near the city

upanagaram

ind. near the city.

upanāgarikā

f. a kind of alliteration

upanah

P. -nahyati-, to tie or bind to or up, bind together ; to make up into a bundle

: Causal -nāhayati-, to tie up, wrap, dress (a wound)

upanāha

m. a bundle

upanāha

m. a plaster, unguent (applied to a wound or sore)

upanāha

m. a cover, poultice

upanāha

m. inflammation of the ciliary glands, stye

upanāha

m. the tie of a lute (the lower part of the tail-piece where the wires are fixed)

upanāha

m. continual enmity

upanahana

n. anything fit for binding up or wrapping (as a cloth)

n. the act of putting a plaster upon, applying an unguent

n. plaster

n. cover

n. poultice

upanāhasveda

m. (in med.) perspiration caused by a kind of poultice.

upanakha

n. a particular disease of the finger-nails, whitlow, agnail (also called cippa-;one of the twenty-four kṣudra-roga-s or slight diseases)

upanakṣ

A1. (imperative 2. sg. -nakṣasva-) to come near to

upanakṣatra

n. a secondary star, minor constellation

upanam

P. -namati-, to bend towards or inwards ; to tend towards, approach, come to, arrive at ; to fall to one's share or lot, become one's property, share in (with accusative dative case,or genitive case)

etc. ; to come to one's mind, occur

; to attend upon any one (accusative) with (instrumental case) ; to gain the favour of any one (accusative)

: Causal -nāmayati-, to put or place before (genitive case)

; to lead towards or into the presence of, present any one (genitive case)

; to reach, hand to

; to offer, present

upanāman

n. a surname, nickname

upanamra

mfn. coming to, being present

upanāmuka

mfn. bending towards, approaching

upananda

m. Name of a nāga-

upananda

m. of several men

upanandaka

m. Name of a son of dhṛtarāṣṭra-

upanandaka

m. of a being attendant on skanda-

upanandana

m. a form of śiva-

upanara

m. Name of a nāga-

upanāsika

n. the part surrounding the nose, that which is near the nose

upanata

mfn. bent towards or inwards

upanata

mfn. subdued, subjected, surrendered

upanata

mfn. dependent on (for protection etc.)

etc.

upanata

mfn. brought near to, approached, near (either in form or space)

upanata

mfn. fallen to one's share

upanata

mfn. brought about, produced, existing, being

upanāth

P. -nāthati-, to ask, entreat

upanati

See upa-nam-.

upanati

f. inclination, affection

upanati

f. the falling to one's share

upanaya

upa-nayana- See .

upanaya

m. the bringing near, procuring

upanaya

m. attaining, obtaining, obtainment

upanaya

m. employment, application

upanaya

m. application (the fourth member in a five fold syllogism)

etc.

upanaya

m. introduction (into any science)

upanaya

m. initiation = the next

upanāya

m. leader

, initiation, equals upa-nayana-

upanāyaka

m. (in dramatic language) a secondary hero

upanayana

n. the act of leading to or near, bringing

upanayana

n. employment, application

upanayana

n. introduction (into any science)

upanayana

n. leading or drawing towards one's self

upanayana

n. that ceremony in which a Guru draws a boy towards himself and initiates him into one of the three twice-born classes (one of the twelve saṃskāra-s or purificatory rites [prescribed in the dharma-- sūtra-s and explained in the gṛhya-- sūtra-s] in which the boy is invested with the sacred thread [different for the three castes] and thus endowed with second or spiritual birth and qualified to learn the veda- by heart;a Brahman is initiated in the eighth year [or seventh according to hiraṇyakeśin-;or eighth from conception, according to śāṅkhāyana- etc.], a kṣatriya- in the eleventh, a vaiśya- in the twelfth;but the term could be delayed)

upanayana

n. See

p.201

upanāyana

n. initiation equals upa-nayana- above.

upanayanacintāmaṇi

m. Name of work

upanayanalakṣaṇa

n. Name of work

upanāyika

mfn. fit or belonging to an offering

(varia lectio aupanāyaka-).

upanāyin

mfn. bringing near, fetching,

upanāyin

taking as apprentice,

upanetavya

mfn. to be brought near

upanetavya

mfn. to be applied

upanetṛ

mf(trī-)n. one who brings near

upanetṛ

m. (tā-) the spiritual preceptor

upaneya

mfn. to be adduced as an example,

upanī

P. A1. -nayati-, -te- (

Potential -nayīta-

; parasmE-pada -n/ayamāna-

) to lead or drive near, bring near, bring, adduce, offer

; to bring information, communicate ; to lead or bring near to one's self, take possession of

; to lead, guide

; to lead or draw towards one's self (said of the Guru who, in the ceremony of initiation, draws the boy towards himself) ; to initiate into one of the twice-born classes by investing with the sacred thread etc. (only A1.

)

etc.

etc. ; to bring about, produce, cause

; to bring into any state, reduce to

etc. ; to take into one's service (only A1.

) : Causal -nāyayati-, to cause to initiate (a pupil)

upanī

( upa-ni-i-) P. -ny-eti-, to enter into, move towards

upanibaddha

mfn. adhering to commentator or commentary on

upanibaddha

mfn. written, composed, arranged

commentator or commentary on

, on

etc.

upanibaddha

mfn. spoken of, discussed commentator or commentary on

upanibandh

P. to write, compose ; to explain.

upanibandha

m. obligation, oath

upanibandhana

mfn. manifesting, explaining

upanibandhana

n. description

upanibha

mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' similar, equal

upanidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put or place down near to, put or place before

; to place down, conceal ; to deposit, intrust ; to bring near, lead near to

; to produce, cause

upanidhāna

n. the act of putting down near to, putting by the side of commentator or commentary on

upanidhāna

n. a deposit

upanidhātṛ

mfn. one who puts or places down

upanidhāya

ind.p. having put down near to etc.

upanidhi

m. a deposit, pledge, property put under the care of a creditor, friend etc. (generally a sealed deposit, but also any article intrusted to a friend which he may use whilst in his keeping)

upanidhi

m. a ray of light

upanidhi

m. Name of a son of vasu-deva-

upanidhyātavya

mfn. (confer, compare ni- - dhyai-) to be considered,

upanigam

P. -gacchati-, to meet with, fall upon, get

upanigrah

P. A1. -gṛhṇāti-, ṇīte-, to press down upon

; to bring or push near to

upanigrāham

ind. placing near to (locative case),

upanihan

P. -hanti-, to hammer or ram down (a stake) by the side of

upanihita

mfn. placed or put down near to, placed or put before

upanihita

mfn. put down, kept

upanihita

mfn. deposited, intrusted

upaniḥśri

( upa-nis-śri-).

upaniḥśritya

ind.p. having gone out to

upanikṣepa

m. a deposit (sealed or covered up so that the contents are unknown)

upanikṣepa

m. any article intrusted to one's keeping

upanikṣip

P. -kṣipati-, to throw down ; to put or place down

; to deposit.

upanimajj

P. (imperfect tense -amajjat-) to dive near

upanimand

P. -madati-, to restrain, stop

upanimantr

P. to invite ; to offer

; to consecrate, inaugurate

upanimantraṇa

n. invitation

upanimantraṇa

n. inauguration

upanimantraṇa

singing the two sāman-s śyaitana- and audhasa-,

upanimreḍ

A1. -mreḍate-, to make happy, gladden

upaninīṣu

mfn. (Desiderative of nī-) wishing to present,

, Scholiast or Commentator

upanipad

A1. (parasmE-pada -p/adyamāna-) to lie down at the side of

: Causal -padayati-, to cause to lie down at the side of

; to lay down at

upanipat

P. -patati-, to fly down to

; to take place in addition, accede, exist or be in addition

commentator or commentary , on

: Causal -pātayati-, to cause to lie down

m. acceding, accession

m. taking place, occurring commentator or commentary on

m. a sudden occurrence or event, breaking forth

m. a sudden and unexpected attack commentator or commentary on

upanipātana

n. occurring or taking place suddenly commentator or commentary on

upanipātin

mfn. rushing in

upanipātin

mfn. attacking suddenly.

upanipīḍ

Caus.

upanipīḍita

mfn. afflicted, troubled

upaniplu

A1. (3. plural -plavante-) to approach, reach

upanirgama

m. a main or royal road

upanirgama

departure from (compound),

upanirhṛ

to take away,

upanirudh

P. to shut up

upanirvṛt

( upa-nis-vṛt-), Causal -vartayati-, to cause to appear (exempli gratia, 'for example' a disease)

( upa-ni-sad-) P. (perfect tense -n/i-ṣedus-) to sit down near to ; to approach, set about

f. (according to some) the sitting down at the feet of another to listen to his words (and hence, secret knowledge given in this manner;but according to native authorities upaniṣad-means "setting at rest ignorance by revealing the knowledge of the supreme spirit")

f. the mystery which underlies or rests underneath the external system of things (see

)

f. esoteric doctrine, secret doctrine, mysterious or mystical meaning, words of mystery etc.

etc.