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| abhipitva | n. (see apa-pitv/a-), approaching, visiting, putting up (for the night at an inn)   |
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| ācit | (imperative 2. sg. -cikiddhi-; perf. 3. sg. -ciketa-) to attend to, keep in mind ; (subjunctive 1. sg. -ciketam-; perf. 3. sg. -ciketa-, parasmE-pada m. Nominal verb -cikitv/ān-) to comprehend, understand, know ; to invent ; (subjunctive -cetat-or -c/iketat-; perf. A1.3. plural -cikitre-or -cikitrire-) to appear, become visible, distinguish one's self : Desiderative (1. plural -cikitsāmas-) to wait for, watch clandestinely, lurk |
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| apapitva | n. (probably for -pittv/a-fr.2. pat-; see abhi-pitv/a-, ā-pitv/a-, pra-pitv/a-;but see also api-tv/a- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order /api-), turning away, separation |
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| apitva | n. having part, share (see apa-pitv/a-.) |
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| atvakka | ([ ]) or a-tv/ac- ([ ]) mfn. skinless. |
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| ava | (only genitive case dual number av/or-with vām-,"of you both", corresponding to s/a tv/am-,"thou", etc.) , this (vā-for vām-) [ Zend pronoun ava-; Slavonic or Slavonian ovo; confer, compare also the syllable, in, , etc.; Latin au-t, autem-,etc.] |
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| bhid | cl.7.P. A1. () bhin/atti-, bhintte- (imperfect tense 2. 3. sg. /abhinat- ; subjunctive bhin/aadaḥ- ; imperative bindh/i- ; binddhi- [ confer, compare binddhi-lavaṇā-];cl.1. P. bh/edati- ; Potential bhideyam- ; perfect tense bibh/eda- ; Aorist , 2. 3. sg. bh/et- abhaitsīt- ; bhitthās- ; preceding bhitsīṣṭa- grammar; future bhetsy/ati-, te- etc.; Conditional abhetsyat- ; future bhettā- grammar; infinitive mood bh/ettav/ai- ; bhettum- etc.; ind.p. bhittv/ā-, -bhidya- etc.) , to split, cleave, break, cut or rend asunder, pierce, destroy etc.,; to pass through (as a planet or, comet) ; to disperse (darkness) ; to transgress, violate, (a compact or alliance) etc. ; to open, expand ; to loosen, disentangle, dissolve etc. ; to disturb, interrupt, stop ; to disclose, betray etc. ; to disunite, set at variance ; to distinguish, discriminate : Passive voice bhidy/ate- (Epic also ti- Aorist abhedi- etc.; perfect tense bibhide- ), to be split or broken, burst (intrans.) etc. ; to be opened (as a closed hand, eyes etc.) ; to overflow (as water) ; to be loosened, become loose ; to be stopped or interrupted ; to be disclosed or betrayed ; to be changed or altered (in mind), be won over ; to be disunited ; to keep aloof from (instrumental case) ; to be distinguished, differ from (ablative) etc.: Causal bhedayati-, te- (Aorist abībhidat-; confer, compare also bhidāpana-), to cause to split or break etc. ; to split, break, shatter, crush, destroy ; to separate, divide (See bhedita-) ; to disunite, set at variance, perplex, unsettle (in opinion), seduce, win over : Desiderative b/ibhitsati-, te-, to wish to break through or disperse or defeat (confer, compare, bibhitsā-): Desiderative of Causal See bibhedayiṣu-: Intensive bebhidīti- or bebhetti-, to cleave repeatedly [ confer, compare Latin findo; German beissen; English bite.] |
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| bhū | cl.1 P. () bh/avati- (rarely A1. te-; perfect tense babh/ūva-,2. Persian /ūtha-or ūvitha- confer, compare ; babhūyās-, y/ār-, babhūtu- ; A1. babhūve-or bubhūve- ; confer, compare below; Aorist /abhūt-, ūvan-; imperative bodh/i-[ confer, compare budh-], bhūtu- ; Aorist or imperfect tense /abhuvat-, bh/uvat-, bhuvāni- ; preceding bhūyāsam-,2. 3. sg. yās- ; bhūyāt- ; bhūyiṣṭhās- ; bhaviṣāt-[?] ; abhaviṣṭa-, bhaviṣīṣta-. grammar; future bhaviṣy/ati-, Epic also te-and 2. plural ṣyadhvam-; bhavitā- etc.; infinitive mood bhuv/e-, -bhv/e-, bhūṣ/aṇi- ; bhavitum-, tos- ; ind.p. bhūtv/ā-; bhūtv/ī- ; -bh/ūya- etc.; -bh/ūyam-, -bh/avam- ), to become, be (with nom, or adverb or indeclineable words ending in ī-or ū- confer, compare kṛṣṇī-bhū-etc.) , arise, come into being, exist, be found, live, stay, abide, happen, occur etc. (often used with participles and other verbal nouns to make periphrastical verbal forms;with a fut.p. =to be going or about to exempli gratia, 'for example' anuvakṣyan bhavati-,he is going to recite ;the future of bhū-with a perfect tense parasmE-pada =a future perfect tense exempli gratia, 'for example' kṛtavān bhaviṣyasi-,you will have done ;the perfect tense P. babhūva-after the syllable ām-is put for the perfect tense of verbs of the 10th classetc.[ confer, compare 1. as-and1. kṛ-];the A1.appears in this meaning ;observe also bhavati-with a future tense, it is possible that, exempli gratia, 'for example' bhavati bhavān yājayiṣyati-,it is possible that you will cause a sacrifice to be performed ; bhavet-,may be, granted, admitted on ; bhavatu- idem or ' bhusukha-or bhusura- m. Name of a yogin- ',well, good, enough of this ; iticed bhavet-,if this question should be asked ; kva tad bhavati-,what is to become of this, it is quite useless ;with na-= to cease to exist, perish, die etc.;with iha na-,not to be born on earth ;with śata-dhā-,to fall into a hundred pieces ;with dūrataḥ-,to keep aloof. ;with manasi-or cetasi-and genitive case,to occur to the mind of any one ; idem or ' bhusukha-or bhusura- m. Name of a yogin- ' with genitive case alone ) ; to fall to the share or become the property of, belong to (confer, compare"esse alicujus";with genitive case,rarely dative case or locative case according to to also with pari-or prati-and preceding accusative) etc. ; to be on the side of, assist (with genitive case or -tas-) (confer, compare ) ; to serve for, tend or conduce to (with dative case of thing) etc. (with phalāya-.to bear fruit ) ; to be occupied with or engaged in, devote one's self to (with locative case) ; to thrive or prosper in (instrumental case), turn out well, succeed ; to be of consequence or useful ; (also A1. ) to fall, or get into, attain to, obtain ; (with id/am-) to obtain it id est be successful or fortunate : Passive voice bhūyate- (or ti- ; Aorist abhāvi-) sometimes used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' yair bhaviṣyate-, by whom it will be existed id est who will be : Causal bhāvayati- (rarely te-; Aorist abībhavat- grammar; infinitive mood bhāvitum- ; Passive voice bhāvyate-etc. ), to cause to be or become, call into existence or life, originate, produce, cause, create ; to cherish, foster, animate, enliven, refresh, encourage, promote, further etc. ; to addict or devote one's self to, practise (accusative) ; to subdue, control ; (also A1. ) to obtain ; to manifest, exhibit, show, betray ; to purify ; to present to the mind, think about, consider, know, recognize as or take for (two accusative) etc. ; to mingle, mix, saturate, soak, perfume (confer, compare bhāvita-,): Desiderative of Causal bibhāvayiṣati- (), to wish to cause to be etc. : Desiderative b/ubhūṣati- (te-), to wish or strive to become or be etc. ; (with kṣipram-), to strive to be quickly possessed ; to want to get on, strive to prosper or succeed ; to want to have, care for, strive after, esteem, honour ; to want to take revenge : Intens, b/obhavīti-, bobhavati-, bobhoti-, bobhūyate-, to be frequently, to be in the habit of ; to be transformed into (accusative) ; (with tiraḥ-), to keep anything (instrumental case) secret [ confer, compare Zend bu1; Greek , ; Latin fuit,fuatetc.; Slavonic or Slavonian byti; Lithuanian bu4ti; German bim,bim; Anglo-Saxon beo4; English be.] |
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| ca | ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as (= , Latin que,placed like these particles as an enclitic after the word which it connects with what precedes;when used with a personal pronoun this must appear in its fuller accented form(exempli gratia, 'for example' t/ava ca m/ama ca-[not te ca me ca-],"both of thee and me") , when used after verbs the first of them is accented ;it connects whole sentences as well as parts of sentences;in the double ca-occurs more frequently than the single(exempli gratia, 'for example' ah/aṃ ca tv/aṃ ca-,"I and thou", );the double ca-may also be used somewhat redundantly in class. Sanskrit(exempli gratia, 'for example' kva hariṇakānāṃ jīvitaṃ cātilolaṃ kva ca vajra-sārāḥ śarās te-,"where is the frail existence, of fawns and where are thy adamantine arrows?");in later literature, however, the first ca-is more usually omitted(exempli gratia, 'for example' ahaṃ tvaṃ ca-),and when more than two things are enumerated only one ca-is often found(exempli gratia, 'for example' tejasā yaśasā lakṣmyā sthityā ca parayā-,"in glory, in fame, in beauty, and in high position");elsewhere, when more than two things are enumerated, ca-is placed after some and omitted after others(exempli gratia, 'for example' ṛṇa-dātā ca vaidyaś ca śrotriyo nadī-,"the payer of a debt and a physician [and] a Brahman [and] a river");in Vedic or Veda and even in class. Sanskrit[ ] , when the double ca-would generally be used, the second may occasionally be omitted(exempli gratia, 'for example' indraś ca soma-,"both indra- [and thou] soma-"; durbhedyaś cāśusaṃdheyaḥ-,"both difficult to be divided [and] quickly united");with lexicographers ca-may imply a reference to certain other words which are not expressed(exempli gratia, 'for example' kamaṇḍalau ca karakaḥ-,"the word karaka-has the meaning "pitcher"and other meanings");sometimes ca-is equals eva-,even, indeed, certainly, just(exempli gratia, 'for example' su-cintitaṃ cauṣadhaṃ na nāma-mātreṇa karoty arogam-,"even a well-devised remedy does not cure a disease by its mere name"; yāvanta eva te tāvāṃśca saḥ-,"as great as they [were] just so great was he");occasionally ca-is disjunctive,"but","on the contrary","on the other hand","yet","nevertheless"(varam ādyau na cāntimaḥ-,"better the two first but not the last"; śāntam idam āśrama-padaṃ sphurati ca bāhuḥ-,"this hermitage is tranquil yet my arm throbs"); ca-ca-,though-yet ; ca-na ca-,though - yet not ; ca-- na tu-(varia lectio nanu-) idem or 'm. the letter or sound ca-.', ; na ca-- ca-,though not - yet ; ca-may be used for vā-,"either","or"(exempli gratia, 'for example' iha cāmutra vā-,"either here or hereafter"; strī vā pumān vā yac cānyat sattvam-,"either a woman or a man or any other being") , and when a negative particle is joined with ca-the two may then be translated by"neither","nor";occasionally one ca-or one na-is omitted(exempli gratia, 'for example' na ca paribhoktuṃ naiva śaknomi hātum-,"I am able neither to enjoy nor to abandon"; na pūrvāhṇe nā ca parāhṇe-,"neither in the forenoon nor in the afternoon"); ca-ca-may express immediate connection between two acts or their simultaneous occurrence(exempli gratia, 'for example' mama ca muktaṃ tamasā mano manasijena dhanuṣi śaraś ca niveśitaḥ-,"no sooner is my mind freed from darkness than a shaft is fixed on his bow by the heart-born god", ); ca-is sometimes equals ced-,"if"(confer, compare ;the verb is accented) ; ca-may be used as an expletive(exempli gratia, 'for example' anyaiś ca kratubhiś ca-,"and with other sacrifices"); ca-is often joined to an adverb like eva-, api-, tathā-, tathaiva-,etc., either with or without a negative particle(exempli gratia, 'for example' vairiṇaṃ nopaseveta sahāyaṃ caiva vairiṇaḥ-,"one ought not to serve either an enemy or the ally of an enemy");(See eva-, api-,etc.) For the meaning of ca-after an interrogativeSee 2. k/a-,2. kath/ā-, k/im-, kv/a-); ([ confer, compare , Latin que,pe(innempeetc.); Gothic uh; Zend ca; Old Persian ca1.]) |
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| car | cl.1. c/arati-, rarely te- (subjunctive c/arat-,3 plural c/arān- ; perf. cac/āra-[ etc.] , 2 sg. cacartha- ; plural cerur-,etc.; ratur- etc.; A1. cere- ; future cariṣyati-, te-; Aorist acārīt-[ ]; infinitive mood c/aritum-[ ]or cartum-[ ] , Vedic or Veda car/adhyai-[ ], c/aritave-[ ], car/ase-[ ], car/āyai-[ ], caritos-[ ]; ind.p. caritv/ā- ; cartvā- ; cīrtvā-, ; parasmE-pada c/arat-) to move one's self, go, walk, move, stir, roam about, wander (said of men, animals, water, ships, stars, etc.) etc. ; to spread, be diffused (as fire) ; to move or travel through, pervade, go along, follow etc. ; to behave, conduct one's self, act, live, treat (with instrumental case or locative case) etc. ; to be engaged in, occupied or busy with (instr exempli gratia, 'for example' yajñ/ena c-,"to be engaged in a sacrifice" ) etc. ; (with[ ]or without[ ] mithun/am-) to have intercourse with, have to do with (instrumental case) ; (with a parasmE-pada or adjective (cf. mfn.) or ind.p. or adverb) to continue performing or being (exempli gratia, 'for example' arcantaś cerur-,"they continued worshipping"; svāminam avajñāya caret-,"he may go on despising his master") etc. ; (in astronomy) to be in any asterism or conjunction ; to undertake, set about, under go, observe, practise, do or act in general, effect, make (exempli gratia, 'for example' vrat/āni-"to observe vows" etc.; vighnaṃ c-,"to put a hindrance"; bhaikṣaṃ c-"to beg"; vivādaṃ c-,"to be engaged in a lawsuit"; mṛgayāṃ c-,"to hunt" ; sambandhāṃś c-,"to enter into connections"; mārgaṃ cacāra bāṇaiḥ-,"he made a way with arrows"; tapasā indriyāṇi c-,to exercise one's organs with penance ) etc. ; to consume, eat (with accusative), graze ; to make or render (with double accusative) exempli gratia, 'for example' nar/endraṃ satya-sthaṃ carāma-,"let us make the king keep his word" : Causal cārayati-, to cause to move or walk about (Aorist /acīcarat-) ; to pasture ; to send, direct, turn, move etc. ; to cause any one (accusative) to walk through (accusative) ; to drive away from (ablative) ; to cause any one (accusative) to practise or perform (with accusative) ; to cause (any animal accusative) to eat ; to cause to copulate ; to ascertain (as through a spy instrumental case) ; to doubt (see vi--) : Desiderative cicariṣati-, to try to go (parasmE-pada cicarṣat-) ; to wish to act or conduct one's self ; to try to have intercourse with (instrumental case), : Intensive carcarīti- A1. or rarely ([ ]) Passive voice cañcūryate- (curīti-and cūrti- ; ind.p. cūrya- ; parasmE-pada once P. cūryat- ) to move quickly or repeatedly, walk about, roam about (in locative case) etc. ; to act wantonly or coquettishly (see ) ; ([ see, etc.]) |
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| cārutā | f. equals -tv/a- |
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| catur | tv/āras- m. plural , tv/āri- n. plural , 4 (accusative m. t/uras- instrumental case t/urbhis-[for f. ] genitive case turṇ/ām- ablative t/urbhyas-;class. instrumental case dative case ablative,and locative case also oxyt. ; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' and on ;for f.See c/atasṛ-); [ confer, compare, AEolic ; Gothic fidvor; Latin quatuor; Cambro-Brit. pedwar,pedair; Hibernian or Irish ceatkair; Lithuanian keturi; Slavonic or Slavonian cetyrje.] |
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| catvāriṃśat | f. (;fr. catv/āri-[n. plural ]and daś/at-,a decad) 40 |
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| cāy | (see 2.and3. ci-) cl.1. c/āyati- (imperfect tense acāyat- etc.; Aorist acāyīt-,or acāsīt- ;1. sg. acāyiṣam- ; ind.p. cāyitv/ā-), to observe, perceive, notice (see ) ; to fear, be afraid of (accusative) : A1. (pr. p. 1. c/āyamāna-) to behave respectfully : Intensive cekīyate- ; ([ see c/eru-,, .]) |
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| ceṣṭ | cl.1. c/eṣṭati-, te- (inf ṭitum-) to move the limbs, move, stir ; to make effort, exert one's self, struggle, strive, be active ; to be busy or occupied with (accusative) ; to act, do, perform, care for ; to prepare (ind.p. ceṣṭitv/ā-): Causal ṭayati-, te- (Aorist aciceṣṭat-[ ] or acac- ) to cause to move, set in motion, impel, drive |
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| ci | cl.5. cin/oti-, nute- (1. plural cinumas-and nmas- ; perf. cikāya-and cicāya-, ;2. cicetha-, ;3. plural ciky/ur- ; parasmE-pada cikivas- ; A1. cikye-and cicye- ; parasmE-pada cikyān/a- v; 2nd future parasmE-pada ceṣyat- ; 1st future cetā- ; Aorist acaiṣīt- on ;Ved. cikayām akar-, ;1. sg. acaiṣam-,2. sg. acais- ;3. plural acaiṣur- ; A1. aceṣṭa- ; preceding ceṣīṣṭa- , or cīyāt-, ; ind.p. citv/ā- etc.; Passive voice cīyate- etc.; future cāyiṣyate-& ceṣy- Conditional acāyiṣyata-& aceṣy- ) to arrange in order, heap up, pile up, construct (a sacrificial altar; P.,if the priests construct the altar for another; A1.,if the sacrificer builds it for himself) ; to collect, gather together, accumulate, acquire for one's self ; to search through (for collecting; see 2. ci-) () ; to cover, inlay, set with ; Passive voice cīyate-, to become covered with ; to increase, thrive () : Causal cayayati- and capay-, to heap up, gather ; cāyayati- and cāpay- : Desiderative cikīṣate- (also ti-, ) to wish to pile up ; cicīṣati- ( [ed. vivīṣ-] ) to wish to accumulate or collect : Desiderative Causal (parasmE-pada cicīṣayat-) to cause any one to wish to arrange in order : Intensive cecīyate- on |
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| cikitu | f. (instrumental case tv/ā-) understanding (?) |
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| cit | cl.1. c/etati- (imperfect tense acetat- ; parasmE-pada c/etat- ) cl.2. (A1. Passive voice 3. sg. cit/e-, ; parasmE-pada f. instrumental case citantyā-, ; A1. citāna-, ) cl.3. irreg. cīhetati- (; subjunctive ciketat- ; imperative 2. sg. cikiddhi- ; parasmE-pada cikitān/a- ; perf. cik/eta- etc.; ciceta- ;3. dual number cetatur- ; A1.and Passive voice cikit/e- etc.;3. plural tre- ;for parasmE-pada cikitv/as-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order; A1. Passive voice cicite- ; Aorist acetīt- ; A1. Passive voice /aceti-and c/eti- ;for acait-See 2. ci-; future 1st c/ettā-, ) to perceive, fix the mind upon, attend to, be attentive, observe, take notice of (accusative or genitive case) ; to aim at, intend, design (with dative case) ; to be anxious about, care for (accusative or genitive case), ; to resolve, ; to understand, comprehend, know (perf. often in the sense of proper) ; P. A1. to become perceptible, appear, be regarded as, be known : Causal cet/ayati-, te- (2. plural cet/ayadhvam- subjunctive cetayat- imperative 2. dual number cetayethām- imperfect tense /acetayat- ;3. plural cit/ayante- ; parasmE-pada cit/ayat- (eleven times); cet/ayat-, ; A1. cetayāna-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) to cause to attend, make attentive, remind of. ; to cause to comprehend, instruct, teach ; to observe, perceive, be intent upon ; A1. (once P. ) to form an idea in the mind, be conscious of, understand, comprehend, think, reflect upon ; P. to have a right notion of. know ; P. "to recover consciousness", awake ; A1. to remember, have consciousness of (accusative) ; to appear, be conspicuous, shine : Desiderative c/ikitsati- (fr. kit- ;exceptionally A1. ; imperative tsatu- subjunctive tsāt- Aorist 2. sg. /acikitsīs- ; Passive voice parasmE-pada cikitsyamāna- ) to have in view, aim at, be desirous ; to care for, be anxious about, ; ( ) to treat medically, cure ; to wish to appear : Causal of Desiderative (future cikitsayiṣyati-) to cure : Intensive cekite- (fr.2. ci-?,or for tte- ; parasmE-pada c/ekitat-, ; A1. c/ekitāna- eight times) to appear, be conspicuous, shine |
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| dā | cl.3. d/adāti- (plural dati- etc.; A1. datte- ;1. sg. dadmi- ; imperative d/adātu- plural dahu-;2. sg. daddh/i- ; deh/i-[ ] ;2. plural d/adāta- , tana- , datt/a- etc.;2. dual number tt/am- etc.; Potential dady/āt- etc.; imperfect tense /adadāt-; plural /adadur- ;2. dual number /adattam- etc.;2. plural ttana-, , /adadāta- ; subjunctive d/adat- , das- dan- parasmE-pada m. Nominal verb sg. d/adat- plural tas- etc.; parasmE-pada A1. d/adāna-, ; n/a-, ; sg. dadati-, ; plural danti-, ; imperative da-, ; data- ; Potential det- ; imperfect tense /adadat- ; A1. sg. d/adate- ; plural dante-, ; imperative sg. datām- ; dasva- etc.; imperfect tense plural /adadanta- ; parasmE-pada d/adamāna- ; Aorist /adāt-[ ], dat-, /adur-, d/ur-etc.; subjunctive 2. dual number dāsathas- [ confer, compare ]; Potential 1. plural deṣma- ; perfect tense dad/au-, d/ur-, d/athur-, datur-, d/o- etc.; Passive voice d/e-, ; dadade-, dāte-, dire- ; parasmE-pada genitive case dad/uṣas- , ṣām- ; Nominal verb dv/ān-, ; dāvan- ; accusative div/āṃsam-, [ confer, compare ]; future parasmE-pada dāsy/at- ; A1. syate-, syante-,1. sg. sye- ; preceding deyāt- ; infinitive mood dāv/ane- ; d/ātos-, ; tave-, ; d/ātav/ai-[ ] ; tum-, etc.: ind.p. dattv/āya-[ ] ; ttv/ā- etc.; -d/āya-[ ] etc.: Passive voice dīyate-[ ]; parasmE-pada y/amāna- ; Aorist adāyi- ; preceding dāsīṣṭa-, dāyis-, ) cl.1. d/āti- (; imperative tu-, ; confer, compare Va1rtt. 3 ) to give, bestow, grant, yield, impart, present, offer to (dative case,in later language also genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to give (a daughter, kanyām-) in marriage etc. ; to hand over ; (with haste-) ; to give back, ; to pay (daṇḍam-,"a fine"; ṛṇam-,"a debt", ) ; to give up, cede (āsanam-,"one's seat") ; (panthānam-or mārgam-,"to give up the road, allow to pass") and ; to sell (with instrumental case of the price), ; to sacrifice (ātmānam-,"one's self."; āt- khedāya-,"to give one's self up to grief", ) ; to offer (an oblation etc.) etc. ; to communicate, teach, utter (blessings, āśiṣas- ), give (answer, prati-vacas-, canam-, praty-uttaram- etc.), speak (satyaṃ vacas-,the truth, ; vacam-,to address a speech to [ dative case ] ) ; to permit, allow (with infinitive mood) ; to permit sexual intercourse ; to place, put, apply (in med.) etc. ; to add ; with varam-,"to grant a boon" etc. ; śoham-,"to cause grief", ; avakāśam-,"to give room or space, allow to enter" etc. ; prāṇān- or jīvitam-,"to spare any one's life" ; talam- or lān-, to slap with the palms of the hands ; la-prahāram-, to strike with the palm tālam-, to beat time with the hands ; saṃjñām-, to make a sign ; saṃketakam-, to make an appointment samayam-, to propose an agreement ; upamām-, to compare with [ genitive case ] ; paṭaham-, to proclaim with the drum ; śabdam-, to make a noise, call out ; śāpam-, to utter a curse etc. ; gāīh-. idem or 'm. fire ' ; anuyātram-, to accompany ; āliṅganane-, parirambhaṇam-, to embrace, ; jhampam-, to jump ; śrāddham-, to perform a śrāddha- ; vratakam-, to accomplish a vow ; yuddham-, niy-, saṃgrāmam-, to give battle, fight with ; ājñām- ādeśam-, to give an order, command, ; saṃdeśam-, to give information ; prayogam-, to give a dramatic representation vṛtim-, to fence in ; darśanam-, to show one's self ; dṛṣṭim-, dṛśam-, akṣi-, caksus-, to fix the eyes on (locative case) ; karṇam-, to give ear, listen ; manas-, to direct the mind to (locative case) ; kars- kapolam-, to rest the cheek on the hand ; nigaḍāni- to put on or apply fetters pāvakam-, to set on fire ; agnīn- to consume by fire ; śāram-, to move a chess-man ; argalam-, to draw a bolt, bar ; jānu-, to kneel upon (genitive case) ; padam-, to tread upon [loc.] ; to direct the steps ; viṣam-, to poison (with accusative !) ; garam- idem or 'm. fire ' (with genitive case) ; -- A1. to carry, hold, keep, preserve ; to show (Aorist adadiṣṭa-; aded-fr. diś- ) : Causal dāpayati- (; Aorist adīdapat-, ) to cause to give or be given, cause to bestow or present or give up, oblige to pay, make restore etc. ; to demand from (ablative) ; to cause to utter or speak ghoṣaṇām-, to cause to be made known ; to cause to place or advance, ; to cause to perform, to cause to be put on (locative case) : Desiderative d/itsati- (; parasmE-pada d/idāsat- ; d/itsat-, ; Potential tseyam- ; perfect tense 2. sg. didāsitha- ; confer, compare ) to wish to give, be ready to bestow etc. ; to wish to give in marriage etc.: Intensive dedīyate- ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin do;etc.]) |
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| dāta | mfn. "given" See tv/ā-. |
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| dhā | cl.3 P. A1. d/adhāti-, dhatt/e- etc. (P. dual number dadhv/as-, dhatth/as-, dhatt/as-[ ]; plural dadhm/asi-or m/as-, dhatth/a-, dādhati-; imperfect tense /adadhāt- plural dhur-, plural /adhatta-or /adadhāta- ; subjunctive d/adhat-or dhāt-[ ], dhas-, dhatas-, dhan-; Potential dadhy/āt-; imperative dādhātu- plural dhatu-;2. sg. dheh/i-[fr. dhaddhi-; confer, compare ] or dhattāt- ;2. plural dhatt/a-, , dhattana-, , d/adhāta-, ,or tana-, [ confer, compare ]; parasmE-pada d/adhat-, ti- m. plural tas-; A1.1. sg. dadh/e-[at once3. sg. equals dhatt/e- and= perfect tense A1.],2. sg. dh/atse-, or dhats/e- dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-;2. plural dhidhv/e-[ confer, compare perfect tense ];3. plural d/adhate- ; imperfect tense /adhatta-, tthās-; subjunctive d/adhase-, [ ]; Potential d/adhīta- dadhīt/a-, ; imperative 2. sg. dhatsva-, or dadhiṣva-, ;2. plural dhaddhvam-[ ]or dadhidhvam- ,etc.;3. pl. dadhatām- ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-) ; rarely cl.1 P. A1. dadhati-, te- ; only thrice cl.2 P. dh/āti- ; and once cl.4 A1. Potential dhāyeta- (pf.P. dadh/au-, dh/ātha-, dhatur-, dhim/ā-, dhur- etc.; A1. dadh/e-[ confer, compare proper ], dadhiṣ/e-or dhiṣe- ;2.3. dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-,2. pl. dadhidhv/e-[ confer, compare proper ];3. plural dadhir/e-, dadhre-, ,or dhire-, ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-[ confer, compare proper ]; Aorist P. /adhāt-, dh/āt-, dh/ās-; adh/ur-, dh/ur- etc.; Potential dheyām-, yur-; dhetana- ; 2. sg. dhāyīs- ; imperative dh/ātu-[ confer, compare ];2. plural dh/āta-or tana-,3. plural dhāntu- ; A1. adhita-, thās-, adhītām-, adhīmahi-, dhīmahi-, dhimahe-, dhāmahe- ;3. sg. ahita-, hita- ; subjunctive dh/ethe- , dhaithe-, ; imperative dhiṣv/ā-, ; P. adhat- ; dhat- ; P. dhāsur- subjunctive sathas-and satha- ; A1. adhiṣi-, ṣata- ; Potential dhiṣīya- [ ]; dheṣīya- ; future dhāsyati-, te-or dhātā- etc.; infinitive mood dh/ātum- etc.;Ved. also tave-, tav/ai-, tos-; dhiy/adhyai- ;Class. also -dhitum-; ind.p. dhitv/ā- ; hitvā-[ ], -dh/āya-and -dh/ām- : Passive voice dhīy/ate- etc.[ ] , p. dhīy/amāna- ; Aorist /adhāyi-, dh/āyi- [ ]; preceding dhāsīṣṭa-or dhāyiṣīṣṭa-[ ]) to put, place, set, lay in or on (locative case) etc. etc. (with daṇḍam-,to inflict punishment on [with locative case ,with genitive case ];with tat-padavyām padam-,to put one's foot in another's footstep id est imitate, equal ) ; to take or bring or help to (locative case or dative case;with ār/e-,to remove) ; (A1.) to direct or fix the mind or attention (cintām-, manas-, matim-, samādhim-etc.) upon, think of (locative case or dative case), fix or resolve upon (locative case dative case accusative with prati-or a sentence closed with iti-) ; to destine for, bestow on, present or impart to (locative case dative case or genitive case) etc. (Passive voice to be given or granted, fall to one's [dat.] lot or share ) ; to appoint, establish, constitute ; to render (with double accusative) ; to make, produce, generate, create, cause, effect, perform, execute etc. (Aorist with pūrayām-, mantrayām-, varayām-etc. equals pūrayām-etc. cakāra-) ; to seize, take hold of, hold, bear, support, wear, put on (clothes) etc. ; (A1.) to accept, obtain, conceive (especially in the womb), get, take (with /okas-or c/anas-,to take pleasure or delight in [loc. or dative case ]) ; to assume, have, possess, show, exhibit, incur, undergo : Causal -dhāpayati- (See antar-dhā-, śrad-dhā-etc.) : Desiderative dh/itsati-, te- () , to wish to put in or lay on (locative case) (Class. Passive voice dhitsyate-; dhitsya-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) ; d/idhiṣati-, te-, to wish to give or present ; (A1.) to wish to gain, strive after (parasmE-pada d/idhiṣāṇa-, ) : with avady/am-, to bid defiance (confer, compare didhiṣ/āyya-, didhiṣ/u-): Intensive dedhīyate- [ confer, compare Zend da1,dadaiti; Greek ,; Lithuanian dedu4,de4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian dedja,diti; Old Saxon duan,do7n, Anglo-Saxon do7n,Engl.do; German tuan;tuon,thun.] |
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| dhe | cl.1 P. () dh/ayati- etc. (perfect tense dadhau-,3. plural dh/ur- ; Aorist -adhāt- ; adhāsīt-or adadhat- ; preceding dheyāt-, ; future dhāsyati- , dhātā- grammar; dative case infinitive mood dh/ātave- ; ind.p. dhītv/ā-and -dh/īya- ; -dhāya- grammar) to suck, drink, suck or drink in, take to one's self, absorb, appropriate etc. etc.: Passive voice dhīyate- grammar : Causal dhāp/ayāte- (confer, compare Va1rtt. 1 ) to give suck, nourish ; ti- (confer, compare anu-- dhe-) ; Aorist adīdhapat- grammar : Desiderative dhitsati- : Intensive dedhīyate-, dādheti-, and dādhāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin fe1-lare; Gothic dadd-jan; German ta1-an,ta1-jan.]) |
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| gam | Ved. cl.1 P. g/amati- (; subjunctive gamam-, g/amat-[ gamātas-, gamātha- ], gamāma-, gaman- ; Potential gam/ema- ; infinitive mood g/amadhyai- ) : cl.2 P. g/anti- (; imperative 3. sg. gantu-,[2. sg. gadhi-See ā--,or gahi-See adhi--, abhy-ā--, ā--, upā--],2. plural g/antā-or gantana- ; imperfect tense 2. and 3. sg. /agan-[ ] , 1. plural /aganma-[ ; confer, compare ] , 3. plural /agman- ; subjunctive [or Aorist subjunctive confer, compare ]1. plural ganma-,3. plural gm/an- ; Potential 2. sg. gamyās- ; preceding 3. sg. gamy/ās- ; pr. p. gm/at-, ) : cl.3 P. jaganti- (; Potential jagamyām-, yāt- ; imperfect tense 2. and 3. sg. ajagan-,2. plural ajaganta-or tana- ) : Ved. and Class. cl.1 P. (also A1. etc.) , with substitution of gacch- ([= ]) for gam-, g/acchati- (confer, compare ; subjunctive gācchāti- ;2. sg. gacchās-[ ] or gacchāsi-[ ];2. plural gacchāta- ;3. plural g/acchān- ; imperfect tense /agacchat-; Potential gacchet-; pr. p. g/acchat- etc.; Aorist agamat- ;for A1.with prepositions confer, compare future gamiṣyati- etc.; 1st future g/antā-[ ] etc.; perf. 1. sg. jagamā-[ ],3. sg. jagāma-,2. dual number jagmathur-,3. plural jagm/ur- etc.; parasmE-pada jaganv/as-[ etc.] or jagmivas- f. jagm/uṣī- etc.;Ved. infinitive mood g/antave-, g/antav/ai-;Class. infinitive mood gantum-:Ved. ind.p. gatvāya-, gatv/ī-;Class. ind.p. gatv/ā-[ etc.] , with prepositions -gamya-or -gatya- ) to go, move, go away, set out, come etc. ; to go to or towards, approach (with accusative or locative case or dative case [ ; confer, compare ] or prati-[ ]) etc. ; to go or pass (as time exempli gratia, 'for example' kāle gacchati-,time going on, in the course of time) ; to fall to the share of (accusative) etc. ; to go against with hostile intentions, attack ; to decease, die ; to approach carnally, have sexual intercourse with (accusative) etc. ; to go to any state or condition, undergo, partake of, participate in, receive, obtain (exempli gratia, 'for example' mitratāṃ gacchati-,"he goes to friendship" id est he becomes friendly) etc. ; jānubhyām avanīṃ-gam-,"to go to the earth with the knees", kneel down ; dharaṇīṃ mūrdhnā-gam-,"to go to the earth with the head", make a bow ; m/anasā-gam-, to go with the mind, observe, perceive ; (without m/anasā-) to observe, understand, guess ; (especially Passive voice gamyate-,"to be understood or meant") and ; doṣeṇa- or doṣato-gam-, to approach with an accusation, ascribe guilt to a person (accusative) : Causal gamayati- (; imperative 2. sg. Ved. gamayā-or gāmaya-[ ] , 3. sg. gamayatāt- ; perf. gamay/āṃ cakāra- etc.) to cause to go ( ) or come, lead or conduct towards, send to (dative case ), bring to a place (accusative [ ] or locative case) etc. ; to cause to go to any condition, cause to become etc. ; to impart, grant ; to send away ; "to let go", not care about ; to excel ; to spend time etc. ; to cause to understand, make clear or intelligible, explain ; to convey an idea or meaning, denote ; (causal of the causal) to cause a person (accusative) to go by means of jigamiśati- another : Desiderative j/igamiṣati- ( jigāṃsate- ; imperfect tense ajigāṃsat- ) to wish to go, be going ; to strive to obtain ; to wish to bring (to light, prak/āśam-) : Intensive j/aṅganti- (), jaṅgamīti- or jaṅgamyate- ( ), to visit (parasmE-pada g/anigmat-) (imperfect tense aganīgan-) ; ([ confer, compare ; Gothic qvam; English come; Latin venioforgvemio.]) |
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| grah | ([ in a few passages only etc.]) or grabh- ([ ;rarely ]) cl.9 P. gṛbhṇāti- gṛhṇ/āti- (also A1. gṛhṇīte-,irreg. gṛhṇate- ;3. plural gṛbhṇate- ; imperative 2. sg. gṛhāṇ/a-,[ ṇ/ā-, saṃhitā-pāṭha-, parasmE-pada Passive voice Nominal verb plural n. ] etc.; gṛbhṇān/a-& gṛhṇ-[Ved.]; gṛhṇa- ; -gṛhṇāhi-, -gṛbhṇīhi-See prati-grabh-; A1. gṛbhṇīṣva-[ ] or gṛhṇ-;3. sg. P. gṛhṇītāt-;Ved. imperative gṛbhāy/a-etc.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ya- confer, compare gṛhaya-; perf. jagrāha- etc.;1. sg. gr/abhā- ; gṛbhm/a- ; A1. gṛhe-, ;3. plural gṛbhr/e-& gṛbhrir/e- ; P. Potential gṛbhyāt-, ; parasmE-pada gṛbhv/as-, ; future 2nd grahīṣyati-, te- etc.[ confer, compare ];sometimes wrongly spelt gṛh- ; grahiṣy- ; Conditional agrahaiṣyat- ; future 1st grahītā- ; Aorist agrabham- ; bhīt- etc.; hīt-[ ] etc.; -/ajagrabhīt-etc.See saṃ-grah-; subjunctive 2. plural grabhīṣṭa- ; A1. agrahīṣṭa- ; aghṛkṣata- [not in ];Ved. 3. plural agṛbhran-[ ] and agṛbhīṣata-; ind.p. gṛbhītv/ā- ; gṛhītv/ā-, ; grahāya- ; infinitive mood grahītum-[ etc.; confer, compare ;wrongly spelt gṛh- ]; Passive voice gṛhyate-[ future 1st grahītā-or grāhitā- future 2nd grahīṣyate-or grāhiṣy- Aorist agrāhi-,3. dual number agrahīṣātām-or agrāhiṣ- ];Ved. subjunctive 3. plural gṛhyāntai- on ;Ved. Passive voice 3. sg. gṛhate-[ ]or gṛhe-[ ] or gṛhaye-[ ; confer, compare gṛhaya-]; subjunctive 1. plural gṛhāmahi- ; Potential gṛhīta- ) to seize, take (by the hand, pāṇau-or kare-,exceptionally pāṇim-(double accusative) ; confer, compare ), grasp, lay hold of (exempli gratia, 'for example' pakṣaṃ-,to take a side, adopt a party ; pāṇim-,"to take by the hand in the marriage ceremony", marry etc.) etc. ; to arrest, stop ; to catch, take captive, take prisoner, capture, imprison etc. ; to take possession of, gain over, captivate ; to seize, overpower (especially said of diseases and demons and the punishments of varuṇa-) etc. ; to eclipse ; to abstract, take away (by robbery) ; to lay the hand on, claim ; to gain, win, obtain, receive, accept (from ablative,rarely genitive case), keep etc. (with double accusative ) ; to acquire by purchase (with instrumental case of the price) etc. ; to choose ; to choose any one (accusative) as a wife ; to take up (a fluid with any small vessel), draw water ; to pluck, pick, gather ; to collect a store of anything ; to use, put on (clothes) i etc. ; to assume (a shape) ; to place upon (instrumental case or locative case) ; to include ; to take on one's self, undertake, undergo, begin etc. ; to receive hospitably (a guest), take back (a divorced wife) ; "to take into the mouth", mention, name etc. ; to perceive (with the organs of sense or with m/anas-), observe, recognise etc. ; (in astronomy) to observe ; to receive into the mind, apprehend, understand, learn ; (in astronomy) to calculate ; to accept, admit, approve ; to obey, follow ; to take for, consider as etc. ; (Passive voice) to be meant by (instrumental case) and Scholiast or Commentator : Causal grāhayati-, to cause to take or seize or lay hold of ; to cause to take (by the hand[ pāṇim-]in the marriage ceremony) ; to cause to marry, give away a girl (accusative) in marriage to any one (accusative) ; to cause any one to be captured ; to cause any one to be seized or overpowered (as by varuṇa-'s punishments or death etc.) ; to cause to be taken away ; to make any one take, deliver anything (accusative) over to any one (accusative; exempli gratia, 'for example' āsanam-with accusative"to cause to take a seat, bid any one to sit down") ; to make any one choose (Aorist ajigrahat-) ; to make any one learn, make acquainted or familiar with (accusative) etc.: Desiderative jighṛkṣati- (confer, compare ), also te-, to be about to seize or take ; to be about to eclipse ; to be about to take away ; to desire to perceive (with the organs of sense), strive to apprehend or recognise : Intensive jarīgṛhyate- ; ([ confer, compare Zend gerep,geurv; Gothic greipa; German greife; Lithuanian gre1bju; Slavonic or Slavonian grablju1; Hibernian or Irish grabaim,"I devour, stop."]) |
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| hā | cl.3 P. () j/ahāti- (rarely cl.1. jahati-3. dual number jahltaḥ- imperative jah/ihi-[or jahāhi- ]; jahītāt- ; Potential jahyāt- etc.; perfect tense jahau-, jah/uḥ- etc.; jahe- ; Aorist ahāt- etc.; ahāsīt- grammar;3. sg. ahās- ; /ahāsi- ; hāsiṣṭa- ,; future hātā- grammar; hāsyati-, te- etc., jahiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood hātum- ; ind.p. hitv/ā-.[ q.v ] etc.; hitv/ī- tv/āya- ; -hītvā- grammar; -h/āya- , h/īyam- ), to leave, abandon, desert, quit, forsake, relinquish (with śarīram-, deham-, prāṇān-, asūn-, jīvitam-etc. - "to die") etc., etc. ; to discharge, emit ; to put away, take off, remove, lay aside, give up, renounce, resign, avoid, shun, abstain or refrain from etc. ; to disregard, neglect ; to lose, be deprived of. ; to get rid of. escape from etc. ; to cause to emit (with śardham-,"to cause to break wind") : Passive voice hīy/ate- or h/īyate- (Epic also hīyati-; Aorist ahāyi-), to be left or abandoned or deserted etc. ; to be left behind, fall short of (ablative) etc. ; to be excluded from or bereft of (ablative or instrumental case;with prāṇaiḥ-,"to die") etc. ; to be overtaken by (instrumental case) ; to be deficient or wanting, suffer loss or injury, fail (also in a lawsuit), decrease, wane, decline, come to an end etc. ; to weigh less (at the ordeal of the balance) ; to be given up or avoided (varia lectio) ; to be subtracted ; to become detached from (with ablative or instrumental case), fall out (as hair) : Causal hāpayati- (mc. also te- Aorist ajīhapat-; -jīhipaḥ- ), to cause to leave or abandon etc. ; to omit, neglect etc. ; to fall short of. be wanting in (accusative) ; to give up (asūn-,"life") ; to lose (kālam-,"time") ; to abandon (pratijñām-,"a thesis") : Desiderative jihāsati-, to wish to leave or abandon ; to wish to reject or disdain ; to wish to escape : Intensive jehīyate-, jāhāti-, jāheti- grammar |
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| han | cl.2 P. () hanti- (3. dual number hat/aḥ-,3. plural ghnanti-;rarely A1. hate-,3. plural ghnate-;and cl.1. hanati-, Vedic or Veda also jighnate-, ti-; Potential hanyāt- also h/anīta-, ghnīta-; imperative jah/i- handh/i-; imperfect tense /ahan-, Vedic or Veda and Epic also ahanat-, ahanan-, aghnanta-; parasmE-pada jaghnat-, ghnamāna- ; perfect tense jagh/āna-, jaghn/uḥ- Epic also jaghne-, nire- subjunctive jagh/anat- ; parasmE-pada jaghniv/as-, Vedic or Veda also jaghanvas-; Aorist ahānīt- [ confer, compare vadh-]; future hantā- ; haṃsyati- ; haniṣy/ati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood h/antum-,Ved. also h/antave-, tav/ai-, toḥ-; ind.p. hatv/ā-,Ved. also tv/ī-, tvāya-, -hatya-; -hanya- ; -gh/ātam- etc.) , to strike, beat (also a drum) , pound, hammer (accusative), strike etc. upon (locative case) etc. ; to smite, slay, hit, kill, mar, destroy ; to put to death, cause to be executed ; to strike off ; to ward off, avert ; to hurt, wound (the heart) ; to hurl (a dart) upon (genitive case) ; (in astronomy) to touch, come into contact ; to obstruct, hinder ; to repress, give up, abandon (anger, sorrow etc.) ; (?) to go, move : Passive voice hany/ate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist avadhi-or aghāni-), to be struck or killed etc. etc.: Causal ghātayati-, te- (properly a Nom.fr. ghāta- q.v; Aorist ajīghatat-or ajīghanat-), to cause to be slain or killed, kill, slay, put to death, punish etc. ; to notify a person's death (kaṃsaṃ ghātayati- equals kaṃsa-vadham ācaṣṭe-) Va1rtt. 6 ; to mar, destroy (varia lectio): Desiderative j/ighāṃsati-, te- (Potential jighāṃsīyat- ; imperfect tense ajighāṃsīḥ- ), to wish to kill or destroy etc. etc.: Intensive j/aṅghanti- (; parasmE-pada jaṅghanat-, j/aṅghnat-or gh/anighnat-), jaṅghanyate- (with pass. sense ), jeghnīyate- () , to strike = tread upon (locative case or accusative) ; to slay, kill ; to dispel (darkness) , destroy (evil, harm) ; to hurt, injure, wound [ confer, compare Greek , ; , ; Latin de-fendere,of-fendere; Lit.genu,gi4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian gu8nati.] |
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| hiṃs | (originally Desiderative of han-) cl.1.7. P. () hiṃsati-, hin/asti- (Ved. and Epic also A1. hiṃsate-, h/iṃste-;2. sg. hiṃsi-for hinassi- ; perfect tense jihiṃsa-, sim/a-, jīhiṃsīh- ; Aorist ahiṃsīt-, hiṃsīt- etc.; future hiṃsita- grammar; hiṃsiṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood hiṃsitum-[Ved. also h/iesitoḥ-] ; ind.p. hiṃsitv/ā- ; -hiṃsya- ), to injure, harm, wound, kill, destroy etc. etc.: Passive voice hiṃsyate- (Aorist ahiṃsi-), to be injured or killed (in /a-hiṃsyamāna-) etc.: Causal or cl.10 P. () hiṃsayati- (Aorist ajihiṃsat-), to injure, harm, kill, slay : Desiderative j/ihiṃsiṣati-, to wish to injure etc. : Intens, jehiṃsyate-, jehiṃsti- grammar |
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| jyotiṣkṛ | (ind.p. jy/otiṣ-kṛtv/ā-) to illumine |
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| kiṃtva | mfn. (fr. k/im tv/am-."what thou?") questioning impudently (as a drunken man) |
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| kṛ | Ved. (I) cl.2 P. 2. sg. k/arṣi- dual number kṛth/as- plural kṛth/a-; A1. 2. sg. kṛṣ/e-; imperfect tense 2. and 3. sg. /akar-, 3. sg. rarely /akat- () ; 3. dual number /akartām-; plural /akarma-, /akarta- (also ), /akran- (Aorist,according to ); A1. /akri- (), /akṛthās- (), /akṛta- (); akrātām- (), /akrata- ( ) : imperative kṛdh/i- (also ), kṛt/am-, kṛt/a-; A1. kṛṣv/a-, kṛdhv/am-; subjunctive 2. and 3. sg. kar- plural k/arma-, k/arta- and kartana-, kran-; A1. 3. sg. kṛta- () , 3. plural kr/anta- () : Potential kriyāma- (); pr. p. P. (Nominal verb plural) kr/antas- A1. krāṇ/a-. (II) cl.1 P. k/arasi-, k/arati-, k/arathas-, k/aratas-, k/aranti-; A1. k/arase-, k/arate-, k/arāmahe-: imperfect tense /akaram-, /akaras-, /akarat- (Aorist,according to ) : imperative k/ara-, k/aratam-, k/aratām-: subjunctive k/aram-, k/arāṇi-, k/aras-, k/arat-, k/arāma-, k/aran-; A1. karāmahai-; pr. p. f. k/arantī- () (III) cl.5 P. kṛṇ/omi-, ṇ/oṣi-, ṇ/oti-, kṛṇuth/as-, kṛṇm/as- and kṛṇmasi-, kṛṇuth/a-, kṛṇv/anti-; A1. kṛṇv/e-, kṛṇuṣ/e-, kṛṇut/e-, 3. dual number kṛṇv/aite- (); plural kṛṇm/ahe-, kṛṇv/ate-: imperfect tense /akṛṇos-, /akṛṇot-, /akṛṇutam-, /akṛṇuta- and ṇotana- (), /akṛṇvan-; A1. 3. sg. /akṛṇuta- plural /akṛṇudhvam-, /akṛṇvata-: imperative kṛṇ/u- or kṛṇuh/i- or kṛṇut/āt-, kṛṇ/otu-, kṛṇut/am-, kṛṇut/ām-, 2. plural kṛṇut/a- or kṛṇ/ota- or kṛṇ/otana-, 3. plural kṛṇv/antu-; A1. kṛṇuṣv/a-, kṛṇut/ām-, kṛṇv/āthām-, kṛṇudhv/am-: subjunctive kṛṇ/avas-, ṇ/avat- or ṇ/avāt-, kṛṇ/avāva-, ṇ/avāma-, ṇ/avātha-, ṇ/avatha-, ṇ/avan-; A1. kṛṇ/avai- (once ṇavā- ), kṛṇavase- (also varia lectio ṇvase-), kṛṇavate-, kṛṇ/avāvahai-, kṛṇ/avāmahai-, 3. plural kṛṇ/avanta- () or kṛṇavante- or kṛṇvata- () : Potential A1. kṛṇvīt/a-; pr. p. P. kṛṇv/at- (f. vat/ī-) A1. kṛṇvāṇ/a-. (IV) cl.8. (this is the usual formation in the brāhmaṇa-s; sūtra-s, and in classical Sanskrit) P. kar/omi- (Epic kurmi- ); kurv/as-, kuruth/as-, kurut/as-, kurm/as- ([ kulmas-in an interpolation after ]), kuruth/a-, kurv/anti-; A1. kurv/e-, etc., 3. plural kurv/ate- () : imperfect tense akaravam-, akaros-, akarot-, akurva-, etc.; A1. 3. sg. akuruta- plural akurvata-: imperative kuru-, karotu- (in the earlier language 2. and 3. sg. kurutāt-,3. sg. also ), kuruta- or kurutana- (); A1. kuruṣva-, kurudhvam-, kurv/atām-: subjunctive karavāṇi-, karavas-, vāt-, vāva- or vāvas- ( ), vāma- or vāmas- (), vātha-, van-; A1. karavai-, kuruthās-, karavāvahai- (; he- ), karavaithe-, vaite- ( , ), vāmahai-(he- ) : Potential P. kuryām- A1. kurvīya- (); pr. p. P. kurv/at- (f. vat/ī-); A1. kurvāṇ/a-: perf. P. cak/āra-, cak/artha-, cakṛv/a-, cakṛm/a-, cakr/a- (); A1. cakr/e-, cakrir/e-; parasmE-pada cakṛvas- (accusative cakr/uṣam- ); A1. cakrāṇa- () : 2nd future kariṣy/ati-; subjunctive 2. sg. kariṣy/ās- (); 1st future k/artā-: preceding kriyāsam-: Aorist P. Ved. cakaram- (), acakrat- (), /acakriran- (); A1. 1. sg. kṛske- (); Class. akārṣīt- ( ;once akāraṣīt- ); Passive voice Aorist reflex. akāri- and akṛta- ( ) : infinitive mood k/artum-, Ved. k/artave-, k/artav/ai-, k/artos- (See ss.vv.); ind.p. kṛtv/ā-, Ved. kṛtv/ī- ([ ]) and kṛtv/āya- ([ ]) ; to do, make, perform, accomplish, cause, effect, prepare, undertake etc. ; to do anything for the advantage or injury of another (genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to execute, carry out (as an order or command) ; to manufacture, prepare, work at, elaborate, build ; to form or construct one thing out of another (ablative or instrumental case) etc. ; to employ, use, make use of (instrumental case) etc. ; to compose, describe ; to cultivate (confer, compare ) ; to accomplish any period, bring to completion, spend (exempli gratia, 'for example' varṣāṇi daśa cakruḥ-,"they spent ten years"; kṣaṇaṃ kuru-,"wait a moment"; confer, compare kritakṣaṇa-) ; to place, put, lay, bring, lead, take hold of (accusative or locative case or instrumental case exempli gratia, 'for example' ardh/aṃ-kṛ-,to take to one's own side or party, cause to share in(genitive case;See 2. ardh/a-); haste-or pāṇau-kṛ-,to take by the hand, marry ; hṛdayena-kṛ-,to place in one's heart, love ; hṛdi-kṛ-,to take to heart, mind, think over, consider ; manasi-kṛ- idem or 'f. (equals kuhī-) a fog ' ;to determine, purpose [ ind.p. si-kṛtvā-or si-kṛtya-] ; vaśe-kṛ-,to place in subjection, become master of ) ; to direct the thoughts, mind, etc. (m/anas-[ etc.] or buddhim-[ ] or matim-[ ]or bhāvam-[ ], etc.) towards any object, turn the attention to, resolve upon, determine on (locative case dative case infinitive mood,or a sentence with iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' mā śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ-,do not turn your mind to grief ; gamanāya matiṃ cakre-,he resolved upon going ; alābuṃ samutsraṣṭuṃ manaś cakre-,he resolved to create a gourd ; draṣṭā tavāsmīti matiṃ cakāra-,he determined to see him ) ; to think of (accusative) ; to make, render (with two accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' ādityaṃ kāṣṭhām akurvata-,they made the sun their goal ) etc. ; to procure for another, bestow, grant (with genitive case or locative case) etc. ; A1. to procure for one's self, appropriate, assume ; to give aid, help any one to get anything (dative case) ; to make liable to (dative case) ; to injure, violate (exempli gratia, 'for example' kanyāṃ-kṛ-,to violate a maiden) ; to appoint, institute ; to give an order, commission ; to cause to get rid of, free from (ablative or -tas-) ; to begin (exempli gratia, 'for example' cakre śobhayitum purīm-,they began to adorn the city) ; to proceed, act, put in practice etc. ; to worship, sacrifice ; to make a sound (svaram-or śabdam-) ( ), utter, pronounce (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' with the sounds phaṭ-, phut-, bhāṇ-, v/aṣaṭ-, svadh/ā-, sv/āhā-, hiṃ-), pronounce any formula () ; (with numeral adverbs ending in dhā-) to divide, separate or break up into parts (exempli gratia, 'for example' dvidhā-kṛ-,to divide into two parts, ind.p. dvidhā kṛtvā-or dvidhā-kṛtya-or -kāram- ; sahasradhā-kṛ-,to break into a thousand pieces) ; (with adverbs ending in vat-) to make like or similar, consider equivalent (exempli gratia, 'for example' rājyaṃ tṛṇa-vat kṛtvā-,valuing the kingdom like a straw ) ; (with adverbs ending in sāt-) to reduce anything to, cause to become, make subject (See ātma-sāt-, bhasma-sāt-) The above senses of kṛ- may be variously modified or almost infinitely extended according to the noun with which this root is connected, as in the following examples: sakhyaṃ-kṛ-, to contract friendship with ; pūjāṃ-kṛ-, to honour ; rājyaṃ-kṛ-, to reign ; snehaṃ-kṛ-, to show affection ; ājñāṃ- or nideśaṃ- or śāsanaṃ- or kāmaṃ- or yācanāṃ- or vacaḥ- or vacanaṃ- or vākyaṃ-kṛ-, to perform any one's command or wish or request etc. ; dharmaṃ-kṛ-, to do one's duty ; nakhāni-kṛ-,"to clean one's nails" See kṛta-nakha- ; udakaṃ- ([ ]) or salilaṃ- ([ ]) kṛ-, to offer a libation of Water to the dead ; to perform ablutions ; astrāṇi-kṛ-, to practise the use of weapons ; darduraṃ-kṛ-, to breathe the flute ; daṇḍaṃ-kṛ-, to inflict punishment etc. ; kālaṃ-kṛ-, to bring one's time to an end id est to die ; ciraṃ-kṛ-, to be long in doing anything, delay ; manasā- (for si-See above) kṛ-, to place in one's mind, think of, meditate ; śirasā-kṛ-, to place on one's the head ; mūrdhnā-kṛ-, to place on one's head, obey, honour. Very rarely in veda- () , but commonly in the brāhmaṇa-s, sūtra-s, and especially in classical Sanskrit the perf. forms cakāra-and cakre- auxiliarily used to form the periphrastical perfect of verbs, especially of causatives exempli gratia, 'for example' āsāṃ cakre-,"he sat down" ; gamay/āṃ cakāra-,"he caused to go"[see ;in veda- some other forms of kṛ-are used in a similar way, viz. proper karoti- ; imperfect tense akar- and ;3. plural akran- and ; preceding kriyāt- (See );according to , also karotu-with vid-]. Causal kārayati-, te-, to cause to act or do, cause another to perform, have anything made or done by another (double accusative instrumental case and accusative [see ] exempli gratia, 'for example' sabhāṃ kāritavān-,he caused an assembly to be made ; rāja-darśanaṃ māṃ kāraya-,cause me to have an audience of the king; vāṇijyaṃ kārayed vaiśyam-,he ought to cause the vaiśya- to engage in trade ; na śakṣyāmi kiṃcit kārayituṃ tvayā-,I shall not be able to have anything done by thee ) ; to cause to manufacture or form or cultivate etc. ; to cause to place or put, have anything placed, put upon, etc. (exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ citrapaṭaṃ vāsa-gṛhe bhittāv akārayat-,he had the picture placed on the wall in his house ) . Sometimes the Causal of kṛ- is used for the simple verb or without a causal signification (exempli gratia, 'for example' padaṃ kārayati-,he pronounces a word ; mithyā k-,he pronounces wrongly ; kaikeyīm anu rājānaṃ kāraya-,treat or deal with kaikeyī- as the king does ) : Desiderative c/ikīrṣati- (Aorist 2. sg. acikīrṣīs- ) , Epic also te-, to wish to make or do, intend to do, design, intend, begin, strive after etc. ; to wish to sacrifice or worship : Intensive 3. plural karikrati- (pr. p. k/arikrat-See ), to do repeatedly ; Class. carkarti- or carikarti- or carīkarti- ([ ]) , also carkarīti- or carikarīti- or carīkarīti- or cekrīyate- ([ib. Scholiast or Commentator ]); ([ confer, compare Hibernian or Irish caraim,"I perform, execute";ceard,"an art, trade, business, function";sucridh,"easy"; Old German karawan,"to prepare"; modern German gar,"prepared (as food)"; Latin creo,ceremonia;, .]) |
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| mā | cl.2 P. () māti- ; cl.3 A1. () m/imīte- ; cl.4. A1. () māyate- (Ved. and Epic also mimāti- Potential mimīyāt- imperative, mimīhi-; Potential mimet- ; perfect tense mam/au-, mame-, mamir/e- ; Aorist /aināsi- subjunctive masātai- ; amāsīt- grammar; preceding māsīṣṭa-, meyāt- ; future mātā-; māsyati-, māsyate- ; infinitive mood m/e- -m/ai- ; mātum- ; ind.p. mitv/ā-, -m/āya- etc.) , to measure, mete out, mark off etc. ; to measure across = traverse ; to measure (by any standard) , compare with (instrumental case) ; (māti-) to correspond in measure (either with genitive case,"to be large or long enough for";or with locative case,"to find room or be contained in" ;or with na-and instrumental case,"to be beside one's self with" ) ; to measure out, apportion, grant ; to help any one (accusative) to anything (dative case) ; to prepare, arrange, fashion, form, build, make ; to show, display, exhibit (amimīta-,"he displayed or developed himself", ) ; (in philosophy) to infer, conclude ; to pray (yācñā-karmaṇi-) : Passive voice mīy/ate- (Aorist amāyi-) ; to be measured etc. Causal , māpayati-, te- (Aorist amīmapat- Va1rtt. 2 ), to cause to be measured or built, measure, build, erect etc.: Desiderative mitsati-, te- (confer, compare nir-mā-): Intensive memīyate- [ confer, compare Zend ma1; Greek , ; Latin me1tior,mensus,mensura; Slavonic or Slavonian me8ra; Lithuanian me3ra4.] |
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| man | cl.8.4. A1. () manut/e-, m/anyate- (Epic also ti-;3. plural manvat/e- ; perfect tense mene- etc.; mamn/āthe-, n/āts- ; Aorist /amata-, /amanmahi- subjunctive manāmahe-, mananta-, parasmE-pada manān/a- q.v ; maṃsi-, amaṃsta- subjunctive maṃsate- preceding maṃsīṣṭa-,1. Persian mc. masīya- ; māṃsta- , stādm- ; mandhvam- ; amaniṣṭa- grammar; future maṃsyate- , ti- ; manta-, manitā- grammar; maniṣyate- ; infinitive mood mantum- etc., m/antave-, tavai- , m/antos- ; ind.p. matv/ā- etc.; manitvā- grammar; -matya- etc.; -manya- etc.) , to think, believe, imagine, suppose, conjecture etc. (manye-,I think, methinks, is in later language often inserted in a sentence without affecting the construction; confer, compare gaRa cādi-and ) ; to regard or consider any one or anything (accusative) as (accusative with or without iva-,or adverb,often in -vat-;in later language also dative case,to express contempt[ confer, compare ], exempli gratia, 'for example' gaRa rājyaṃ tṛṇaya- manye-,"I value empire at a straw" id est I make light of it equals laghu- man-,and opp. to bahu-,or sādhu- man-,to think much or well of, praise, approve) ; to think one's self or be thought to be, appear as, pass for (Nominal verb;also with iva-) ; to be of opinion, think fit or right etc. ; to agree or be of the same opinion with (accusative) ; to set the heart or mind on, honour, esteem (with nau-,disdain) , hope or wish for (accusative or genitive case) etc. ; to think of (in prayer etc., either"to remember, meditate on", or"mention, declare", or"excogitate, invent") ; to perceive, observe, learn, know, understand, comprehend (accusative,Ved. also genitive case). etc. ; to offer, present : Causal () mānayati- (Epic also te-; Aorist amīmanat-; Passive voice mānyate-), to honour, esteem, value highly (also with uru-, bahu-and sādhu-) etc. ; (A1.) stambhe- ; garvake- : Desiderative () mīmāṃsate- (rarely ti-; amīmāṃsiṣṭhās- ; mīmāṃsy/ate- ; mimaṃsate-, mimaniṣate- grammar), to reflect upon, consider, examine, investigate etc. ; to call in question, doubt ("with regard to" locative case) : Desiderative of Desiderative mimāmiṣate- grammar : Intensive manmanyate-, manmanti- [ confer, compare Zend man; Greek ,, Latin meminisse,monere; Slavonic or Slavonian and Lithuanian mine4ti; Gothic ga-munan; Germ,meinen; English mean.] |
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| math | or manth- (q.v) cl.1.9. P. () māthati-, m/anthati-, mathn/āti- (Ved. and Epic also A1. m/athate-, m/anthate-and mathnīte-; imperative mathnadhvam- ; perfect tense mamātha- ;3. plural mamathuḥ- ; methuḥ-, methire- ; mamantha-, nthuḥ- ; Aorist mathīt- ; amanthiṣṭām- ; amathiṣata- ; future mathiṣyati-, te- manthiṣyati- etc.; mathitā- ; infinitive mood mathitum- etc.; tos- ; m/anthitav/ai- ; ind.p. mathitv/ā-, -m/athya- etc.; manthitvā-, ; -manthya-and -mātham- etc.) . to stir or whirl round etc. ; (with agnim-), to produce fire by rapidly whirling round or rotating a dry stick (araṇi-) in another dry stick prepared to receive it ; (with araṇim-), to rotate the stick for producing fire ; (with ūrum-, hastam-etc.) , to use friction upon any part of the body with the object of producing offspring from it ; to churn (milk into butter) , produce by churning etc. (also with two accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' sudhāṃ- kṣīra-nidhim mathnāti-,"he churns nectar out of the ocean of milk" on ) ; to mix, mingle ; to stir up, shake, agitate, trouble disturb, afflict, distress, hurt, destroy etc. etc.: Passive voice mathy/ate- (Epic also ti-), to be stirred up or churned etc. etc. etc.: Causal manthayati- (), māthayati- (), to cause to be stirred up or churned etc.: Desiderative mimathiṣati-, mimanthiṣati- grammar : Intensive māmathyate-, māmantti- etc. [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin mentha,menta; Lit.mentu4re; German minza,Minze; Anglo-Saxon minte; English mint.] |
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| mṛ | cl.6 A1. () mriy/ate- (Epic and mc. also P. ti-; cl.1 P. A1. marati-, m/arate- ; imperative mara-, ; perfect tense mam/āra-, mamruḥ- etc.; parasmE-pada mamṛv/as- ; A1. mamrire- ; Aorist amṛta- subjunctive mṛthāh- ; Potential murīya-. ; mriṣīṣṭa- ; future martā- grammar; mariṣyati- etc.; te- ; infinitive mood martum- etc.; martave- ; ind.p. mṛtv/ā- ; -māram- ), to die, decease etc. etc.: Passive voice mriyate- (confer, compare above;sometimes used impers, with instrumental case; perfect tense mamre-; Aorist amāri-) : Causal mār/ayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist, amīmarat-): Passive voice māryate-, to cause to die, kill, slay etc. etc.: Desiderative of Causal See mimārayiṣu-: Desiderative mumūrṣati- () , to wish or be about to die, face death : Intensive memrīyate-, marmarti- grammar ([ confer, compare Zend mar,mareta; Greek for ; Latin mors,morioretc.; Slavonic or Slavonian mre8ti; Lithuanian mi4rti; Gothic maurthr; German Mord,morden; English murder.]) |
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| muc | cl.6 P. A1. () muñc/ati-, te- ( also, muc/anti-, mucasva-; parasmE-pada muñcāna- ; perfect tense, mum/oca-, mumuc/e-, Vedic or Veda , also, mum/ocat-, m/umocati-, mumucas-, mumoktu-, amumuktam-; Aorist /amok- ; imperative mogdh/i- ; amauk- ; /amucat- ; amukṣi-, mukṣata- ; preceding mucīṣṭa- ; mukṣīya- ; future, moktā-, ; mokṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood moktum- etc.; ind.p. muktv/ā- , -m/ucya- , m/okam-, ), to loose, let loose, free, let go, slacken, release, liberate ("from", ablative or -tas-; A1.and Passive voice with ablative or instrumental case,rarely with genitive case"to free one's self, get rid of, escape from") etc., etc. (with kaṇṭham-,to relax the throat id est raise a cry;with raśmīn-,to slacken the reins;with prāṇān-,to deprive of life, kill) ; to spare, let live ; to set free, allow to depart, dismiss, despatch ("to" , loc. or dative case) etc. ; to relinquish, abandon, leave, quit, give up, set aside, depose (with kalevaram-, deham-, prāṇān-or jīvitam-,to quit the body or give up the ghost id est to die) ; to yield, grant, bestow ; to send forth, shed, emit, utter, discharge, throw, cast, hurl, shoot at ("or upon" locative case dative case,or accusative with or without prati-;with ablative and ātmānam-,to throw one's self down from) etc. ; (A1.) to put on (Scholiast or Commentator) : Passive voice mucy/ate- (or m/ucyate-, Epic also ti-and future mokṣyati-; Aorist /amoci-), to be loosed, to be set free or released etc. ; to deliver one's self from, to get rid of, escape (especially from sin or the bonds of existence) etc. ; to abstain from (ablative) ; to be deprived or destitute of (instrumental case) : Causal mocayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist amūmucat-), to cause to loose or let go or give up or discharge or shed (with two accusative) ; to unloose, unyoke, unharness (horses) ; to set free, liberate, absolve from (ablative) etc. ; to redeem (a pledge) ; to open (a road) ; to give away, spend, bestow ; to gladden, delight, yield enjoyment : Desiderative of Causal mumocayiṣati-, to wish to deliver (from the bondage of existence) (confer, compare, mumocayiṣu-): Desiderative mumukṣati-, te-, (P.) to wish or be about to set free ; to be about to give up or relinquish (life) ; to wish or intend to cast or hurl ; (A1.) to wish to free one's self ; to desire final liberation or beatitude (confer, compare mokṣ-): Intensive momucyate- or monokti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin mungo,mucus.]) |
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| nākasad | f. Name of a kind of iṣṭakā- ( nākasattva sat-tv/a- n. ) |
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| nij | cl.2 A1. niṅkte- ; cl.3 P.A1. nenekti-, nenikte- (Intensive ?; confer, compare below) (from the present tense stem only 2 plural imperative ninikta- , parasmE-pada nijān/a- , nije- equals ninije- ; perfect tense nineja-, ninije- grammar; future, nekṣyati-, nektā- ; Aorist anijam-, jan- ; anaikṣīt-, nikṣi- ; ind.p. niktv/ā- ; -nijya- ; dative case infinitive mood -nije-. ), to wash, cleanse, purify (A1.one's self) etc. ; to nourish : Passive voice nijyate-, to be washed etc. : Causal nejayati- ; Aorist anīnijat- grammar : Desiderative ninikṣati- grammar : Intensive n/enekti-, nenikt/e- (confer, compare above; Potential neniyāt- ; nenijīsti-, nenijyate- grammar), to wash (one's self). [ confer, compare Greek for; Anglo-Saxon nicor; German Nix,Nixe.] |
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| nirbādha | m. a knob, prominence (as that which keeps off or defends ?) (dha-kṛ-,[prob.] to set aside, remove ; nirbādhatva dhatv/a- n. ) |
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| pā | cl.1 P. () p/ibati- (Ved. and Epic also A1. te-; rarely pipati-, te- ) cl.2. pāti-, pāth/as-, pānti- ; parasmE-pada A1. papān/a- , p/ipāna- (perfect tense P. pap/au-,2. sg. papātha- ; papitha- ; papīyāt- ; p. papiv/as- ; A1. pape-, papire- ; p. papān/a- ; Aorist or imperfect tense apāt- [ confer, compare ] ; 3. plural apuḥ-[?] ; -pāsta- ; preceding 3. sg. peyās- ; future pāsyati-, te- etc.; pātā- grammar; ind.p. pītv/ā- etc., tvī- ; -pāya- etc.; -pīya- ; pāyam- ; infinitive mood p/ibadhyai- ; pātum- etc.; p/ātave- ; p/ātava/ī- ), to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow (with accusative,rarely genitive case) etc. ; (met.) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears etc.) etc. ; to drink up, exhaust, absorb ; to drink intoxicating liquors : Passive voice pīy/ate- etc. etc.: Causal pāyayati-, te- (perfect tense pāyayām āsā- ; Aorist apīpyat- ; ind.p. pāyayitvā- ; infinitive mood p/āyayitav/ai- ), to cause to drink, give to drink, water (horses or cattle) etc. etc.: Desiderative pipāsati- ( also pipīṣati-), to wish to drink, thirst : Desiderative of Causal pipāyayiṣati-, to wish or intend to give to drink : Intensive pepīyate- (parasmE-pada yamāna-also with pass meaning) , to drink greedily or repeatedly [ confer, compare Greek; AEolic = ; Latin pa1-tus,po1tum,biboforpi-bo; Slavonic or Slavonian pi-ja,pi-ti] |
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| pac | cl.1 P. A1. () p/acati-, te- (cl.4. A1. p/acyate- confer, compare below; parasmE-pada pacāna- [ confer, compare kim-pacāna-]; perfect tense papāca-[2. sg. papaktha-or pecitha- ], pecur-; pece-, pecire-[ /apeciran-, ; peciran- on ]; Aorist p/akṣat- ; apākṣīt-, apakta- grammar; preceding pacyāt- ; future pakṣyati-, te-or paktā- ; ind.p. paktv/ā- ; infinitive mood p/aktave- ; paktum-, ), to cook, bake, roast, boil (A1.also "for one's self") etc. ; (with double accusative) to cook anything out of (exempli gratia, 'for example' tandulān odanam pacati-,"he cooks porridge out of rice-grains") ; to bake or burn (bricks) ; to digest ; to ripen, mature, bring to perfection or completion etc. ; (with double accusative) to develop or change into (exempli gratia, 'for example' puṇyāpuṇyaṃ sukhāsukham-,"merit and demerit into weal or woe") ; (intrans.) to become ripe or mature : Passive voice pacy/ate- (ti- ; Aorist apāci- grammar), to be cooked or burnt or melted or digested or ripened or developed etc. ; to be tormented ; also intrans. equals p/acyate- (confer, compare above) , to become ripe or mature, to develop or ripen (with accusative of the fruit that is borne or ripens ; confer, compare Va1rtt. 14 ; lok/aḥ p/acyamānaḥ-,"the developing world") : Causal pācayati-, te- (Aorist apīpacat- grammar; Passive voice pācyate-, parasmE-pada cyamāna- ) ; to cause to cook or be cooked (A1."for one's self") , to have cooked or to cook etc. (confer, compare ) ; to cause to ripen ; to bring to completion or to an end, cure, heal : Desiderative pipakṣati- grammar : Intensive pāpacīti- grammar ; pāpacyate-, to be much cooked, to cook very much or burn excessively, to be much afflicted : Desiderative of Intensive pāpacishati-, te- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek for ; Latin coquo; Slavonic or Slavonian peka,pes8ti.]) |
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| paraspa | n. () equals -tv/a- n. () protection. |
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| parṇa | m. Butea Frondosa (a large-leaved sacred tree whose wood is used for making sacred vessels, later generally called palāśa-) ( parṇatva -tv/a- n. ) |
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| pat | cl.1 P. () p/atati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense papāta-, paptim/a-, pet/atur-, papt/ur-; paptiv/as- ; papatyāt- ; Aorist apaptat- ; Passive voice apāti- ; future patiṣ-y/ati- ; te-, patitā- ; Conditional apatiṣyat- ; infinitive mood patitum- etc.; ind.p. patitv/ā- ; -p/atya-or -p/ātam- ), to fly, soar, rush on etc. ; to fall down or off, alight, descend (with accusative or locative case), fall or sink (with or without adhas-or narake-,"to go down to hell";with caraṇau-or ṇayoḥ-,"to fall at a person's feet") etc. ; to fall (in a moral sense), lose caste or rank or position etc. ; to light or fall upon, fall to a person's share (locative case) etc. ; to fall or get into or among (locative case) ; to occur, come to pass, happen : Causal pat/ayati-, to fly or move rapidly along ; to speed (trans.; confer, compare patay/at-) ; te-, to drive away or throw down (?) ; pāt/ayati- (Epic also te-; Aorist apīpatat- ; Passive voice pātyate- etc.) , to let fly or cause to fall, to fling, hurl, throw etc. ; to lay low, bring down (literally and figuratively), overthrow, ruin, destroy etc. to throw upon or in, lay on (locative case) ; (with or scilicet ātmānam-) to throw one's self ; to cut off (a head) ; to knock out (teeth) ; to pour out or shed (water, tears) ; to kindle (fire) ; to cast (dice) ; to turn, direct, fix (eyes) ; to impose or inflict (punishment) ; to set in motion, set on foot ; to seduce to, betray into (locative case) ; (with dvedhā-) to divide in two ; to subtract ; (A1.) to rush on, hasten : Desiderative pipatiṣati- ( ) and pitsati- () , to be about to fly or fall: Intensive panīpatyate- or pātīti- [ confer, compare Zend pat; Greek , ; Latin peto.] |
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| pū | cl.9 P. A1. () pun/āti-, punīt/e- (3. plural A1. pun/ate- , punat/e- ;2. sg. imperative P. punīhi- etc., punāh/i- ) ; cl.1. A1. () p/avate- (of P.only imperative -pava- ,and parasmE-pada genitive case plural pavatām- ; parasmE-pada A1. punān/a-below, p/avamāna-See;1. sg. A1. punīṣe- ; perfect tense pupuvuh-. ve- ; apupot- ; Aorist apāviṣuḥ- subjunctive apaviṣṭa- ; future paviṣyati-, pavitā- grammar; ind.p. pūtv/ā- ; pūtv/ī- ; pavitvā- grammar; -p/ūya-and -pāvam- etc.; infinitive mood pavitum- ), to make clean or clear or pure or bright, cleanse, purify, purge, clarify, illustrate, illume (with s/aktum-,"to cleanse from chaff, winnow";with kr/atum-or manīṣ/ām-,"to enlighten the understanding";with hiraṇyam-,"to wash gold") etc. ; (met.) to sift, discriminate, discern ; to think of or out, invent, compose (as a hymn) ; (A1. p/avate-) to purify one's self. be or become clear or bright ; (especially) to flow off clearly (said of the soma-) ; to expiate, atone for ; to pass so as to purify ; to purify in passing or pervading, ventilate etc. (confer, compare pav-): Passive voice pūy/ate-, to be cleaned or washed or purified ; to be freed or delivered from (ablative) etc.: Causal pav/ayati- or pāvayati- (Epic also te-; Aorist apīpavat- grammar; Passive voice pāvyate- ), to cleanse, purify : Desiderative , pupūṣati-, pipaviṣate- grammar : Desiderative of Causal pipāvayiṣati- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Umbr.pir; German Feuer; English fire.]) |
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| punarvasu | m. (p/unar--) "restoring goods", Name of the 5th or 7th lunar mansion etc. (mostly dual number see ; punarvasutva -tv/a- n. ) |
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| pūruṣatvatā | ind. equals puruṣa-tv/a-tā- |
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| ram | cl.1. A1. () ramate- (Vedic or Veda also P. r/amati-or ramṇāti- perfect tense rarāma- ; reme- etc.; Aorist 3. plural ranta- ; araṃsīt- ; araṃsta- ; raṃsiṣam- ; future rantā- grammar; raṃsyati- ; te- etc.; infinitive mood ramitum- ; rantum- etc.; rantos- ; ind.p. ratv/ā- ; rantvā- ; -ramya-or -ratya- ), to stop, stay, make fast, calm, set at rest (P.; especially present tense ramṇāti-) ; (P. A1.)to delight, make happy, enjoy carnally ; (A1.) to stand still, rest, abide, like to stay with (locative case or dative case) etc. ; (A1.; P.only mc.) to be glad or pleased, rejoice at, delight in, be fond of (locative case instrumental case or infinitive mood) etc. ; to play or sport, dally, have sexual intercourse with (instrumental case with or without samam-, saha-, sākam-or sārdham-), etc. ; to couple (said of deer) , Va1rtt. 8 (confer, compare Causal) ; to play with id est put to stake (instrumental case) : Causal ram/ayati- or rām/ayati- (Aorist /arīramat-), to cause to stay, stop, set at rest ; (ramayati-, mc. also te-) to gladden, delight, please, caress, enjoy carnally etc. (3. sg. ramayati-tarām-, ) ; to enjoy one's self, be pleased or delighted ; mṛgān ramayati-, he tells that the deer are coupling Va1rtt. 8 : Desiderative in riraṃsā-, su- q.v : Desiderative of Causal in riramayiṣu- q.v : Intesis. raṃramyate- or raṃramīti- [ confer, compare Zend ram, Greek ,, ; Lithuanian rimti; Gothic rimis.] |
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| rāṣṭrabhṛt | f. of particular prayers and oblations ( rāṣṭrabhṛttva -tv/a- n.) |
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| ruj | cl.6 P. () ruj/ati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense rur/oja- etc.; Aorist 2. sg. rok- ; ruk- ; araukṣīt- grammar; future roktā-, rokṣyati- ; infinitive mood -r/uje- ; ind.p. ruktv/ā-, -r/ujya- ), to break, break open, dash to pieces, shatter, destroy etc. ; to cause pain, afflict, injure (with accusative or genitive case; confer, compare ) etc. etc.: Causal rojayati- (Aorist arūrujat-), to cause to break etc. ; to strike upon (locative case) ; (cl.10. ) to hurt, injure, kill: Desiderative rurukṣati- grammar (See rurukṣ/aṇi-): Intensive rorujyate-, rorokti-, grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin lugeo.]) |
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| sadeva | mf(ā-)n. (s/a--) accompanied or protected by gods ( sadevatva -tv/a- n.) |
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| saṃcit | (only perfect tense parasmE-pada P. -cikitv/as-,and 3. plural perfect tense A1. -cikitre-and -cikitrire-), to observe together, survey, notice ; to agree together, be unanimous : Causal -cetayati- (pr. p. -cetayamāna-), to observe, be aware of. perceive |
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| śaṃs | cl.1 P. () ś/aṃsati- (mc. also A1.; perfect tense śaśaṃsa-, se- etc.; śaṃsuḥ-, sire- ; parasmE-pada śaṃsivas- q.v; Aorist aśaṃsīt- etc., etc.: subjunctive śaṃsiṣat- ;2. plural śasta- ; śastāt- ;1. sg. śaṃsi- ; preceding śasyāt-. grammar; future śaṃsitā- ; śaṃsiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood śaṃsitum- ; -śase- ; indeclinable parasmE-pada śastv/ā-, -śasya-, -śaṃsam- etc.; -śaṃsya- ), to recite, repeat (especially applied to the recitation of texts in the invocations addressed by the hotṛ- to the adhvaryu-, when śaṃs-is written śoṃs-and the formulas śoṃsāmas-, śoṃsāvas-, śoṃsāva-are used;See 2. ā-hāva-) ; to praise, extol etc. ; to praise, commend, approve ; to vow, make a vow (?) ; to wish anything (accusative) to (dative case) to relate, say, tell, report, declare, announce to (genitive case or dative case;"who or where anybody is" accusative;also with two acc, "to declare anybody or anything to be-") etc. ; to foretell, predict, prognosticate etc. ; to calumniate, revile ; to hurt, injure ; to be unhappy : Passive voice śasy/ate-, to be recited or uttered or praised or approved etc. etc.: Causal śaṃsayati- (Aorist aśaśaṃsat-), to cause to repeat or recite ; to predict, foretell : Desiderative śiśaṃsiṣati- grammar : Intensive śāśasyate-, śāśaṃsti- [ confer, compare Latin carmenforcasmen;casme1nacame1na;censeo.] |
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| śaṃtanu | mfn. (ś/aṃ--) wholesome for the body or the person ( śaṃtanutva -tv/a- n.) |
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| saṃvṛt | A1. -vartate- (perfect tense parasmE-pada -vavṛtv/as- q.v; Vedic or Veda infinitive mood -v/ṛtas-; indeclinable -vartam-), to turn or go towards, approach near to, arrive at ; to go against, attack (accusative) ; to meet, encounter (as foes) ; to come together, be rolled together, be conglomerated ; (also with mithas-) to have sexual intercourse together ; to take shape, come into being, be produced, arise from (ablative) etc. ; to come round or about, come to pass, happen, occur, take place, be fulfilled (as time) ; etc. ; to begin, commence ; to be, exist etc. ; to become, grow, get (with Nominal verb) ; to be conducive to, serve for (dative case) : Causal vartayati-, to cause to turn or revolve, roll (literally and figuratively) etc. ; to turn towards or hither ; to clench (the fist) ; to wrap up, envelop ; to crumple up, crush, destroy ; to bring about, accomplish, perform, execute ; to fulfil, satisfy (a wish) ; to think of. find out (a remedy) : Desiderative -v/ivṛtsati-, to wish to have sexual intercourse with (accusative) |
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| saśukra | (s/a-.) mfn. together with brightness or with what is bright ( saśukratva -tv/a- n.) |
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| satejas | (s/a--) mfn. attended with splendour or energy or vital power etc. ( satejastva -tv/a- n.) |
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| sautrāmaṇī | f. a particular sacrifice in honour of indra- (su-trāman-;described as the 6th or 7th;of the 7 havir-yajña-saṃsthā-s q.v;in the it is said that every one consecrated by the sautrāmaṇi- enters among the gods and is born sarva-tanūḥ- id est with his entire body; sautrāmaṇītva -tv/a- n. ) |
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| savīrya | mfn. powerful, mighty ( savīryatva -tv/a- n.) |
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| savivadha | mfn. holding the equipoise ( savivadhatva -tv/a- n.) |
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| sendriya | mfn. possessed of manly vigour or potency ( sendriyatva -tv/a- n.) |
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| snā | (confer, compare snu-) cl.2 P. () sn/āti- cl.4 P. () snāyati- (Epic also A1. snāyate- Potential snāyāt-; Epic also snāyīta-; perfect tense sasnau-,3. plural sasnuḥ- ; future snātā- grammar; snāsyati-, te- etc.; Aorist asnāsīt- grammar; preceding snāyāt-[ confer, compare above] or sneyāt- ; infinitive mood snātum- etc.; ind.p. snātv/ā-, -sn/āya- etc.;Ved. also snātvī- ), to bathe, perform the ceremony of bathing or certain prescribed oblations (especially on returning home from the house of a religious preceptor, or on concluding certain vows etc., also with avabhṛtham-) etc. ; to smear one's self with (instrumental case) : Passive voice snāyate- (Aorist asnāyi- impersonal or used impersonally) : Causal snāp/ayati- or snap/ayati-, (with preposition only snāp-), to cause to bathe, wash, cleanse etc. ; to wash away ; to steep or soak in (locative case) ; to bathe with tears, weep for(?) : Desiderative sisnāsati- (but confer, compare siṣṇāsu-): Intensive sāsnāyate-, sāsnāti-, sāsneti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin nare.]) |
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| spara | n. Name of particular sāman- days and the texts and sacrifices connected with them ( sparatva -tv/a- n.) |
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| spṛ | (varia lectio stṛ-and smṛ-) cl.5 P. () spṛṇ/oti- (in veda- also spṛṇut/e-; perfect tense paspāra- ; Aorist aspar- subjunctive sparat- imperative spṛdhi- ; /aspārṣam- ; future spartā-, spariṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood sp/arase- ; ind.p. spṛtv/ā- ), to release, extricate or deliver from (ablative), save, gain, win : Causal spār/ayati-, to attract to one's self, win ; to preserve, save, rescue ; to gladden, delight, gratify, bestow |
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| sṛ | (confer, compare sal-) cl.1.3. P. () s/arati- (Epic also te-and according to to also dhāvati-), and s/isarti- (the latter base only in veda-;3. dual number s/isratuḥ-,3. plural s/israte- ; parasmE-pada s/israt-[ q.v ] ; perfect tense sas/āra-, sasr/e- etc.;1. dual number sasriva- ; parasmE-pada sasṛv/as-, sasrāṇ/a-and sasṛmāṇ/a- ; Aorist asārṣīt- grammar; subjunctive sarṣat- ; preceding sriyāt- grammar; future sartā- ; sariṣy/ati- etc.; infinitive mood sartum- etc.; s/artave-, tav/ai- ; ind.p. sṛtv/ā- ; -s/ṛtya-, -s/āram- etc.), to run, flow, speed, glide, move, go (with uccakais-,"to spring up";with v/ājam-,or ājim-,"to run a race" id est"exert one's self") Calcutta edition etc. ; to blow (as wind) ; to run away, escape ; to run after, pursue (accusative) ; to go towards, betake one's self to (accusative or tatra-etc.) ; to go against, attack, assail ; to cross, traverse (accusative) ; (A1.) to begin to flow (said of the fluid which surrounds the fetus) : Passive voice sriyate- (Aorist asāri- ), to be gone etc., grammar : Causal sārayati- or cl.10 P. () to cause to run ; to set in motion, strike (a lute) ; to remove, push aside (a braid of hair) ; put in array, to arrange (with dyūtam-,"the men on a chess-board") ; to make visible, show, manifest ; to nourish, foster (genitive case) ; A1. sārayate- (for sar/ayate-See saraya-,), to cause one's self to be driven, drive (in a carriage) : pass. sāryate-, to be made to flow, discharge (excrement) : Desiderative sisīrṣati-, to wish to run (vājam-,"a race") : Intensive (confer, compare sarisrar/a-) s/arsṛte- (parasmE-pada s/arsrāṇa-See pra-sṛ-) or sarīṣarti-, to stride backwards and forwards ; to blow violently (as the wind) [ confer, compare Greek ,;, ; Latin salire.] |
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| śru | cl.5 P. () śṛṇ/oti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also A1. śṛṇute-,and in sg. śṛṇv/e-,2. sg. viṣ/e-,3. plural vir/e-[ confer, compare below]; imperative śṛṇu-, ṇudh/ī-and ṇuh/ī- plural śṛṇut/ā-, ṇota-and ṇotana- ; perfect tense śuśr/āva-[once in with pass. sense], śuśruve-[2. sg. śuśrotha-,1. plural śuśruma-,in also mas-; śuśravat-, śuśrūy/ās- , parasmE-pada śuśruv/as- q.v ]; Aorist Ved. /aśravam-, /aśrot-,2. sg. śr/oṣi-; subjunctive śr/avat-, vathaḥ-;[?] śruvam- ; imperative śrudh/ī-, śr/otu- ; aśrauṣīt- etc.; subjunctive śroṣan- imperative śroṣantu- [ confer, compare śr/oṣamāṇa-]; preceding śrūy/āsam- etc.; future śrotā- ; śroṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood śrotum- etc.; ind.p. śrutv/ā- etc.; -śr/utya- etc.; śrāvam- etc.) , to hear, listen or attend to anything (accusative), give ear to any one (accusative or genitive case), hear or learn anything about (accusative) or from (ablative genitive case instrumental case, mukhāt-or śakāśāt-), or that anything is (two accusative) etc. ; to hear (from a teacher), study, learn etc. ; to be attentive, be obedient, obey etc.: Passive voice śrūy/ate- (Epic also ti-;and in śṛṇve-etc.[ confer, compare above] with pass. meaning; Aorist aśrāvi-, śrāvi-), to be heard or perceived or learnt about (accusative) or from (genitive case ablative or mukhāt-;in later language often 3. sg. śrūyate- impersonal or used impersonally"it is heard","one hears or learns or reads in a book", ="it is said","it is written in (with locative case)"; imperative śrūyatām-,"let it be heard"="listen!") etc. ; to be celebrated or renowned, be known as, pass for, be called (Nominal verb) ; to be heard or learnt (from a teacher) ; to be taught or stated (in a book) ; to be heard id est pronounced or employed (as a sound or word) : Causal śrāv/ayati- (Epic also te-,in also śrav/ayati-; Aorist aśuśravi-, vuḥ- ; aśuśruvat- ; aśiśravat- grammar; Passive voice śrāvyate-See below) , to cause to be heard or learnt, announce, proclaim, declare etc. ; to cause to hear, inform, instruct, communicate, relate, tell (with accusative of thing, and accusative genitive case,or dative case of Persian,or with instrumental case in sense of "through") etc.: Passive voice of Causal śrāvyate-, to be informed of (accusative) etc.: Desiderative ś/uśrūṣate- (; Epic or mc. also ti-; Passive voice śuśrūṣyate-), to wish or like to hear (accusative), desire to attend or listen to (dative case) etc. ; to attend upon, serve, obey (accusative,rarely genitive case) etc.: Causal of Desiderative śuśrūṣayati-, to wait upon, be at the service of (accusative) on : Desiderative of Causal śiśrāvayiṣati- or śuśrāvayiṣati- grammar : Intensive śośrūyate-, śośravīti-, śośroti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , equals śrudh/i-, equals śrut/a-etc.; Latin cluo,in-clutus; Slavonic or Slavonian sluti; German laut; English loud.]) |
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| stṛ | (or stṝ-). cl.5.9. P. A1. () stṛṇ/oti-, stṛṇute- or stṛnāti-, striṇīt/e- (Ved. and Epic also st/arati-, te-; perfect tense tastāra-, tastare-[3. plural tastaruḥ-, tastarire-] etc.;3. sg. [with pass. sense] tistir/e- ;3. plural tastrire- ; parasmE-pada A1. tistirāṇ/a- ; Aorist /astar-, star- ; astṛṣi-, astṛta- ; astarīt- ; astārṣīt-, astarīṣṭa-, astīrṣṭa- grammar; preceding stṛṣīya- ; staryāt-or stīryāt-; stṛṣīṣṭa-, starīṣīṣṭa-, stīrṣīṣṭa- grammar; future startā- grammar; stariṣyati-, te-[Gr. also starīṣ-] etc.; infinitive mood startum-or starītum- grammar; st/artave-, tavai-, starītav/ai- ; st/arītave- ; -st/ire-, -stṛṇīṣ/aṇi- ; ind.p. stīrtv/ā-or stṛtv/ā- ; -stīrya- ; -stṛtya- ), to spread, spread out or about, strew, scatter (especially the sacrificial grass;in this sense in older language only cl.9 P. A1.) ; to spread over, bestrew, cover etc. ; (cl.5. P. A1.) to lay low, overthrow, slay (an enemy) : Passive voice stīryate- (ti-) or striy/ate- (grammar also staryate-; Aorist /astāri-), to be spread or strewn etc. etc. etc.: Causal stārayati- (Aorist atastarat-), to spread, cover : Desiderative tistīrṣate- or t/ustūrṣate- (grammar also P.and tistarīṣati-, te-), to wish to spread or strew or lay low : Intensive tāstaryate-, testīryate-, tāstarti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin sternere; Gothic straujan; German streuen; Anglo-Saxon streowian; English strew.]) |
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| stṝ | (or stṛ-). cl.5.9. P. A1. () stṛṇ/oti-, stṛṇute- or stṛnāti-, striṇīt/e- (Ved. and Epic also st/arati-, te-; perfect tense tastāra-, tastare-[3. plural tastaruḥ-, tastarire-] etc.;3. sg. [with pass. sense] tistir/e- ;3. plural tastrire- ; parasmE-pada A1. tistirāṇ/a- ; Aorist /astar-, star- ; astṛṣi-, astṛta- ; astarīt- ; astārṣīt-, astarīṣṭa-, astīrṣṭa- grammar; preceding stṛṣīya- ; staryāt-or stīryāt-; stṛṣīṣṭa-, starīṣīṣṭa-, stīrṣīṣṭa- grammar; future startā- grammar; stariṣyati-, te-[Gr. also starīṣ-] etc.; infinitive mood startum-or starītum- grammar; st/artave-, tavai-, starītav/ai- ; st/arītave- ; -st/ire-, -stṛṇīṣ/aṇi- ; ind.p. stīrtv/ā-or stṛtv/ā- ; -stīrya- ; -stṛtya- ), to spread, spread out or about, strew, scatter (especially the sacrificial grass;in this sense in older language only cl.9 P. A1.) ; to spread over, bestrew, cover etc. ; (cl.5. P. A1.) to lay low, overthrow, slay (an enemy) : Passive voice stīryate- (ti-) or striy/ate- (grammar also staryate-; Aorist /astāri-), to be spread or strewn etc. etc. etc.: Causal stārayati- (Aorist atastarat-), to spread, cover : Desiderative tistīrṣate- or t/ustūrṣate- (grammar also P.and tistarīṣati-, te-), to wish to spread or strew or lay low : Intensive tāstaryate-, testīryate-, tāstarti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin sternere; Gothic straujan; German streuen; Anglo-Saxon streowian; English strew.]) |
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| stu | cl.2 P. A1. (; see ) st/auti- or stavīti-, stute- or stuvīte- (in also st/avate-,3. sg. stave-[with pass. sense], 1. 3. sg. stuṣ/e- imperative stoṣi-, parasmE-pada [mostly with pass. sense] stuvān/a-, st/avāna-or stavān/a-, st/avamāna-;in stunvanti-,in parasmE-pada stunvāna-; perfect tense tuṣṭāva-, tuṣṭuv/us-, tuṣṭuv/e- etc.; Aorist astāvīt-or astauṣīt- etc.; stoṣat-, stoṣāṇi- ; /astoṣṭa- etc.; preceding stūyāt- grammar; future stavitā-or stotā- ; future staviṣy/ati-, te- ; stoṣyati-, te- etc.; Conditional astoṣyat- ; infinitive mood stotum- etc.; stavitum- ; st/otave-, stav/adhyai- ; ind.p. stutv/ā- etc.; -st/utya- etc.; -stūya- etc.), to praise, laud, eulogize, extol, celebrate in song or hymns (in ritual,"to chant" , with locative case of the text from which the sāman- comes) etc. etc.: Passive voice stūy/ate- (Aorist astāvi-), to be praised or celebrated ; stāyamāna- mfn. being praised : Causal stāvayati- (Aorist atuṣṭavat- ; ṭuvat- ), to praise, celebrate ; (stāvayate-), to cause to praise or celebrate : Desiderative tuṣṭūṣati-, te- (past participle tuṣṭūṣita-), to wish to celebrate : Intensive toṣṭūyate-, toṣṭoti- grammar |
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| sū | (see 1. sū-and5. su-) cl.2 A1. () sūte- (1. sg. proper suve-,3. sg. imperfect tense asūta-;in later language also sūyate-[ ] and in compound with pra-also -savati-and -sauti-[ see ]; perfect tense sasūva- ; suṣuv/e- etc.; susāva- etc.; Aorist asuṣot- ; ṣavuḥ- ; asoṣṭa- ; asauṣīt-and asaviṣṭa- grammar; future sotā-, savitā- ; soṣy/ati-, te- etc.; saviṣyati-, te- etc.; parasmE-pada f. s/ūṣyantī- ; soṣy/antī-[ sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ] ; infinitive mood s/ūtave- ; sūtav/ai- ; s/avitave- ; sotum-or savitum- grammar; ind.p. sūtv/ā- ; -sūya- etc.; -s/utya- ), to beget, procreate, bring forth, bear, produce, yield etc. etc.: Passive voice sūyate- (Aorist asāvi-), to be begotten or brought forth etc.: Causal sāvayati- grammar : Desiderative -susūṣati- |
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| svap | cl.2 P. () svapiti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also sv/apati-, te-; imperative sv/aptu- ; Potential svapīta- ; perfect tense suṣvāpa-[3. plural suṣupuḥ-; parasmE-pada suṣupv/as-and suṣupāṇ/a-,qq.vv.] etc.; Aorist asvāpsīt-; preceding supyāt- future svaptā- ; svapiṣyati- ; te- ; svapsyati- etc.; te- etc.; infinitive mood svaptum- etc.; ind.p. suptv/ā- etc., -sv/āpam- ), to sleep, fall asleep (with varṣa-śatam-,"to sleep for a hundred years, sleep the eternal sleep") etc. ; to lie down, recline upon (locative case) etc. ; to be dead ; Passive voice supyate- (Aorist asvāpi-) etc. ; Causal svāp/ayati-, or (mc.) svapayati- (Aorist asūṣupat-;in also siṣvapaḥ-, s/iṣvap-; Passive voice svāpyate-), to cause to sleep, lull to rest ; to kill : Desiderative of Causal suṣvāpayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative suṣupsati-, to wish to sleep : Intensive soṣupyate-, sāsvapīti-, sāsvapti-, soṣupīti-, soṣopti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin somnusforsop-nus,sopor,sopire; Slavonic or Slavonian su8pati; Lithuanian sa4pnas; Anglo-Saxon swefan,"to sleep."]) |
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| syand | (or syad-;often confounded with spand-) cl.1 A1. () sy/andate- (Epic and mc. also ti-; perfect tense siṣy/anda-, siṣyad/uḥ- ; sasyande-, dire- grammar; Aorist 2. 3. sg. -asyān- ; asyandiṣṭa-, asyantta-, asyadat- grammar; future syanttā-, syanditā- ; syantsy/ati- ; syandiṣyate-, syantsyate- grammar; infinitive mood sy/ade- ; sy/anttum- ; ind.p. syanttv/ā-, syattv/ā-, -syadya- ; syanditvā- grammar), to move or flow on rapidly, flow, stream, run, drive (in a carriage), rush, hasten, speed etc. ; to discharge liquid, trickle, ooze, drip, sprinkle, pour forth (accusative) etc. ; to issue from (ablative) : Causal syandayati- (Aorist /asiṣyadat-;Ved. infinitive mood syandayādhyai-), to stream, flow, run etc. ; to cause to flow or run : Desiderative sisyandiṣate-, sisyantsate-, sisyantsati- grammar : Intensive See acchā-syand-, under 3. accha-, and next. |
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| tan | cl.8 P. A1. n/oti-, nut/e- (3. plural nv/ate-[ /ā--and vi-tanvat/e- ] ; imperative nu-[ /ava-and v/i-tanuhi- ; see Va1rtt. 1 ] ; nuṣva- ; subjunctive 2. sg. nuthās-, ;1. dual number navāvahai-, ; imperfect tense 3. plural /atanvata-, ; perfect tense P. tat/āna-,once tāt- ;2. sg. tat/antha-[ ],class. tenitha-[ ]; A1.1. 2. 3. sg. [ /ā--] tatane-, [abh/i-]tatniṣe-, [v/i-]tatne- ;3. sg. irregular tate-, ;3. plural tatnir/e-[ v/i-- ] or ten-[ (vi--)etc.; see ]; Aorist P. /atan- ; [/ā-]atān-, ; ;[ p/ari--, v/i--] atanat- ; [anv-/ā]atāṃsīt- ; atānīt- ; tat/anat-, [abh/i-]t/anāma-, t/anan- ;2. plural ataniṣṭa- ;3. dual number atāniṣṭām- ; A1. atata-or ataniṣṭa-, atathās-or ataniṣṭhās- ;3. plural /atnata- ; tat/ananta-, ;1. sg. atasi- plural ataṃsmahi- ; future 2nd taṃsy/ate- ; future 1st [vi-]tāyitā- ; parasmE-pada proper tanv/at-, vān/a-; perfect tense tatanv/as-; ind.p. tatvā-, tv/āya-, -t/atya- ;[ vi--] tāya- ; infinitive mood tantum- ; Passive voice tāy/ate- [ parasmE-pada y/amāna-] etc.; tanyate- ; Aorist atāyi- ) to extend, spread, be diffused (as light) over, shine, extend towards, reach to etc. ; to be protracted, continue, endure ; to stretch (a cord), extend or bend (a bow), spread, spin out, weave etc. ; to emboss ; to prepare (a way for) ; to direct (one's way, gatim-) towards ; to propagate (one's self or one's family, tanūs-, tantum-) ; to (spread id est to) speak (words) ; to protract ; to put forth, show, manifest, display, augment etc. (Passive voice to be put forth or extended, increase ) ; to accomplish, perform (a ceremony) etc. ; to sacrifice ; to compose (a literary work) ; to render (any one thirsty, double accusative) : Desiderative titaniṣati-, taṃsati-, tāṃs- : Intensive tantanyate-, tantanīti-, ; ([ see , etc.]) |
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| taṣṭṛ | m. viśva-karman- (see tv/aṣṭṛ-) |
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| tāvaka | mf(ī-)n. (fr. t/ava-[gen. of 1. tv/a-] ) thy, thine |
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| tṝ | cl.1 P. (rarely A1.) t/arati- (subjunctive t/arat- imperfect tense /atarat-, parasmE-pada t/arat- infinitive mood tar/adhyai-, rīṣ/ani- ) cl.5. tarute- (; Potential 1. plural turyāma-, ) cl.3. titarti- (; parasmE-pada Nominal verb plural t/itratas- ; Potential tutury/āt-, ) , with prepositions Vedic or Veda chiefly cl.6 P. A1. (tir/ate- subjunctive tirāti- imperfect tense /atirat-, parasmE-pada tir/at- infinitive mood t/iram-, t/ire- ; Aorist /atārīt-, ;1. plural riṣma- , rima- ; t/aruṣante- , ta-i, ṣema- [ confer, compare ]; A1.and Passive voice -tāri- ; P. atārṣīt- ; ṣam- ; perfect tense tatāra- etc.;3. plural titirur-, ; teritha-, ratur- ; parasmE-pada titirv/as- genitive case tatar/uṣas- ; future tariṣyati-, rīṣ-, taritā-, rītā-[ confer, compare pra-t/ar-] ; t/arutā- ; preceding tīryāt-, tariṣīṣṭa- ; infinitive mood tartum- ; rīt- rit- ; ind.p. tīrtv/ā- ; -t/ūrya-See vi--) to pass across or over, cross over (a river), sail across etc. ; to float, swim ; to get through, attain an end or aim, live through (a definite period), study to the end etc. ; to fulfil, accomplish, perform ; to surpass, overcome, subdue, escape etc. ; to acquire, gain, ; A1. to contend, compete ; to carry through or over, save, : Causal tārayati- (parasmE-pada r/ayat-) to carry or lead over or across etc. ; to cause to arrive at ; to rescue, save, liberate from (ablative) etc.: Desiderative titīrṣati- (also titariṣati-, rīṣ- ; parasmE-pada A1. titīrṣamāṇa- ) to wish to cross or reach by crossing : Intensive tartarīti- (2. dual number rīthas-; parasmE-pada genitive case t/arilratas-[ ];See also vi--; tātarti-, Scholiast or Commentator) to reach the end by passing or running or living through ; ([ confer, compare t/ara-, tir/as-, tīrṇ/a-; Latin termo,trans; Gothic thairh.]) |
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| tridhātu | m. (scilicet puroḍ/āśa-) Name of an oblation ( tridhātutva -tv/a- n.abstr.) |
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| triḥṣamṛddha | mfn. "well furnished with 3 things", only abstr. -tv/a- (also triḥsam- ) |
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| tṛkṣas | for tv/akṣ- |
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| tva | base of the 2nd personal pronoun : Nominal verb tv/am- accusative tv/ām- instrumental case tv/ayā- ([ and tv/ā- , also in compound See tv/ā-datta-, -dāta-, -vṛdha-etc.]) dative case t/ubhyam- ([& bhya- ]) ablative tv/at- or tv/ad- ([ and tvat-tas- etc.]) genitive case t/ava- locative case tv/e- ([ ; see gaRa cādi-]), tv/ayi- ([ etc.]) |
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| tvāca | mfn. relating to (tv/ac-) the skin |
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| tvadvivācana | (tv/ad--) mfn. having thee as an umpire |
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| tvadyoni | (tv/ad--) mfn. proceeding from thee |
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| tvag | = tv/ac-2. |
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| tvai | ind. see tv/āv/a-. |
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| tvak | in compound for 2. tv/ac-. |
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| tvakam | familiar diminutive for tv/am- (instrumental case tvayakā-) iv, 9. |
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| tvakatpitṛka | mfn. equals tv/at-pitṛ- |
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| tvakṣ | (= takṣ-and related to 2. tv/ac-) cl.1. kṣati-, to create, produce ; to pare ; to skin ; to cover ; ([ confer, compare pra-tvakṣāṇ/a-; Zend thwakhsh,, .]) |
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| tvaṅ | = tv/ac-2. |
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| tvar | cl.1. tv/arate- (Epic also ti-; perfect tense tatvare- ; Aorist 2. plural atvaridhvam-, riḍhvam-, riddhvam- ; subjunctive 2. sg. tvariṣṭhās- ) to hurry, make haste, move with speed etc.: Causal tvarayati- (imperative r/aya-; Aorist atatvarat- ) to cause to hasten, quicken, urge forward (with accusative dative case or infinitive mood) etc. ; tvār-, to convert quickly into the state (bhāva- dative case) of ; see tur-. |
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| tvaṣṭṛ | m. "creator of living beings", the heavenly builder, Name of a god (called su-k/ṛt-, -pāṇ/i-, -g/abhasti-, -j/animan-, sv-/apas-, ap/asām ap/astama-, viśv/a-rūpa-etc. ;maker of divine implements, especially of indra-'s thunderbolt and teacher of the ṛbhu-s ;former of the bodies of men and animals, hence called"firstborn"and invoked for the sake of offspring, especially in the āprī- hymns etc. ;associated with the similar deities dhātṛ-, savitṛ-, prajā-pati-, pūṣan-, and surrounded by divine females[ gn/ās-, jan/ayas-, dev/ānām p/atnīs-; see tv/aṣṭā-v/arūtrī-]recipients of his generative energy ;supposed author of with the epithet garbha-pati- ;father of saraṇyū- [ su-reṇu- ; sva-reṇu- ]whose double twin-children by vivasvat- [or vāyu- ? ] are yamayamī- and the aśvin-s ;also father of tri-śiras- or viśvarūpa- ;overpowered by indra- who recovers the soma-[ ] concealed by him because indra- had killed his son viśva-rūpa- ;regent of the nakṣatra- citrā- ;of the 5th cycle of Jupiter ;of an eclipse ; tvaṣṭur ātithya-Name of a sāman- ) |
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| tvaṣṭṛmat | mfn. (tv/aṣ-) connected with or accompanied by tri-śiras- |
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| tvat | in compound for 2. tv/a-. |
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| tvat | (or tv/ad-) etc. See column 2. |
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| tvatpitṛ | (tv/at--) m(plural tāras-)fn. having thee as a father |
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| tvatprasūta | (tv/at--) mfn. instigated by thee |
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| tvattas | See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 2. tv/a-. |
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| tvāyat | mfn. equals tv/āṃ-kāma- |
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| tvayata | (tv/a--) mfn. given by thee, . |
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| vac | cl.2 P. () vakti- (occurs only in sg. vacmi-, vakṣi-, vakti-,and imperative vaktu-; Vedic or Veda also cl.3 P. v/ivakti-; perfect tense uv/āca-, ūj- etc.; uv/aktha- ; vavāca-, vavakṣ/e- ; Aorist avocat-, cata- etc.;in veda- also subjunctive vocati-, te-, vecāti-; Potential voc/et-, ceta-; imperative vocatu-; preceding ucyāsam- ; future vakt/ā- etc.; vakṣy/ati- etc.; te- ; Conditional avakṣyat- ; infinitive mood vāktum- etc.; tave- ; tos- ; ind.p. uktv/ā- etc.; -/ucya- ), to speak, say, tell, utter, announce, declare, mention, proclaim, recite, describe (with accusative with or without prati- dative case or genitive case of Persian,and accusative of thing;often with double accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' tam idaṃ vākyam uvāca-,"he spoke this speech to him";with double accusative also"to name, call"A1.with nom;"one's self";with punar-,"to speak again, repeat";or "to answer, reply") etc. ; to reproach, revile (accusative) : Passive voice ucy/ate- (Aorist avāci-,or in later language avoci-), to be spoken or said or told or uttered etc. etc. (yad ucyate-,"what the saying is") ; to resound ; to be called or accounted, be regarded as, pass for (Nominal verb also locative case) etc.: Causal vācayati-, te- (Potential vācayīta- ; Aorist avīvacat-; Passive voice vācyate-), to cause to say or speak or recite or pronounce (with, double accusative;often the object is to be supplied) etc. ; to cause anything written or printed to speak id est to read out loud etc. ; () to say, tell, declare ; to promise : Desiderative vivakṣati-, te- (Passive voice vivakṣyate-), to desire to say or speak or recite or proclaim or declare etc. ; (Passive voice) to be meant : Intensive (only /avāvacīt-) to call or cry aloud [ confer, compare Greek for in, etc.; Latin vocare,vox; German gi-waht,gi-wahinnen,er-wähnen.] |
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| vāmabhṛt | f. a kind of brick ( vāmabhṛttva -tv/a- n.) |
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| vas | cl.1 P. () v/asati- (mc. also te-; perfect tense uvāsa-, ūṣuḥ- etc.; parasmE-pada vāvasāna- ; -vāsāṃ cakre- ; Aorist avātsīt- ; avāksam- [where it is artificially connected with vāc-]; avāstam- ; future vastā- grammar; vatsyati-, te- etc.; vasiṣyati- ; infinitive mood vastum-, vasitum- etc.; ind.p. uṣitv/ā- ; uṣṭvā- ; -/uṣya- etc.), to dwell, live, stop (at a place), stay (especially "overnight" , with or without rātrim-or rātrīs-) etc. ; to remain, abide with or in (with locative case of Persian; locative case or accusative of place, especially with vāsam-or vasatim-) etc. ; to remain or keep on or continue in any condition (with a pp., exempli gratia, 'for example' with channa-,"to continue to be covered" ;or with an accusative,with brahmacaryam-,"to practise chastity" ;or with an adverb exempli gratia, 'for example' with sukham-,"to live pleasantly or at ease";with or without dūratas-,"to keep aloof") etc. ; to have sexual intercourse with (locative case) ; to rest upon (locative case) ; to charge or entrust with (instrumental case) ; cl.10 P. vasayati-, to dwell : Passive voice uṣyate- (Aorist avāsi-), to be dwelt etc. etc.: Causal vās/ayati-, te- (confer, compare ; Aorist avīvasat- : Passive voice vāsy/ate- , ti- ), to cause to halt or stay (overnight), lodge, receive hospitably or as a guest etc. ; to cause to have sexual intercourse with (locative case) ; to let anything stand overnight (with tisro-, scilicet ratrīs-,"three nights") ; to cause to wait, keep in suspense ; to delay, retard ; to cause to exist, preserve ; to cause to be inhabited, populate (a country) ; to put in, place upon (locative case) (anadhyāyam mukhe-,to put restraint on the mouth, refrain from speaking) ; to produce : Desiderative vivatsati-, to wish to dwell : Intensive vāvasyate-, vāvasti-, to remain, be in, be engaged in [ confer, compare Gothic wisan; German wësan,ge-wesen,waretc.; Anglo-Saxon wësan; English was,were.] |
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| vāva | ind. (a particle laying stress on the word preceding it, especially in relative clauses;also ha v/āv/a-, ha-[ kh/alu-] v/āv/a-, u ha vāva-, ha tv/āv/a-[q.v.]) just, indeed, even (in only from book vi) |
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| vid | cl.2 P. () vetti- (vidmahe- ; vedati-, te- ; vid/ati-, te- etc.; vindati-, te- etc.; imperative vidāṃ-karotu- [ confer, compare ];1. sg. imperfect tense avedam-,2. sg. avet-or aves-[ ] etc.;3. plural avidus- [ confer, compare ]; avidan- etc.; perfect tense v/eda-[often substituted for proper vetti- confer, compare ], 3. plural vid/us-or vidre- ; viveda- etc.; vidāṃcak/āra- etc.[ confer, compare ; according to to also vidām-babhūva-]; Aorist avedīt- ; vidām-akran- ; future vedit/ā- ; vettā- future vediṣyati-, te- ; vetsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood v/editum-, tos- ; vettum- etc.; ind.p. viditv/ā- etc.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become or be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with accusative,in older, language also with genitive case;with infinitive mood = to know how to) etc. (viddhi yathā-,"know that"; vidyāt-,"one should know","it should be understood"; ya evam veda-[in ],"who knows thus","who has this knowledge") ; to know or regard or consider as, take for, declare to be, call (especially in 3. plural vidus-,with two accusative or with accusative and Nominal verb with iti-, exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ sthaviraṃ viduḥ-,"they consider or call him aged"; rājarṣir iti māṃ viduḥ-,"they consider me a rājarṣi-") etc. ; to mind, notice, observe, remember (with genitive case or accusative) ; to experience, feel (accusative or genitive case) etc. ; to wish to know, inquire about (accusative) : Causal ved/ayate- (rarely ti-; Aorist avīvidat-; Passive voice vedyate-), to make known, announce, report, tell etc. ; to teach, explain ; to recognize or regard as, take for (two accusative) etc. ; to feel, experience etc.: Desiderative of Causal in vivedayiṣu- q.v : Desiderative vividiṣati- or vivitsati-, to wish to know or learn, inquire about (acc) : Intensive vevidyate-, vevetti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek for , for equals veda-; Latin videre; Slavonic or Slavonian ve8de8ti; Gothic witan,wait; German wizzan,wissen; Anglo-Saxon wa7t; English wot.]) |
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| vid | (originally identical with1. vid-) cl.6 P. A1. () vind/ati-, te- (Vedic or Veda also vitt/e-, vid/e-; parasmE-pada vidān/a-or vidāna-[ q.v ]; Epic 3. plural vindate- Potential vindyāt-,often equals vidyāt-; perfect tense viv/eda-[3. plural vividus- subjunctive vividat-], vividv/as-,3. plural vividre-, vidr/e- etc.; parasmE-pada vividv/as- ; vividivas- ; Aorist /avidat-, data- [ Vedic or Veda subjunctive vid/āsi-, d/āt-; Potential vid/et-, deta- ;3. sg. videṣṭa- ]; A1.1. sg. avitsi- ; future vettā-, vediṣyati- grammar; vetsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood vid/e- ; vettum- etc.; v/ettave- ; ttavai-[?] and tos- ; ind.p. vittv/ā- ; -vidya- etc.) , to find, discover, meet or fall in with, obtain, get, acquire, partake of, possess etc. etc. (with diśas-,to find out the quarters of she sky ) ; to get or procure for (dative case) ; to seek out, look for, attend to etc. ; to feel, experience ; to consider as, take for (two accusative) ; to come upon, befall, seize, visit ; to contrive, accomplish, perform, effect, produce ; (A1. mc. also P.) to take to wife, marry (with or scilicet bhāryām-) etc. ; to find (a husband), marry (said of a woman) ; to obtain (a son, with or scilicet sutam-) : Passive voice or A1. vidy/ate- (Epic also ti-; parasmE-pada vidyamāna-[ q.v ]; Aorist avedi-), to be found, exist, be etc. ; (especially in later language) vidyate-,"there is, there exists", often with na-,"there is not" ; with bhoktum-,"there is something to eat" ; followed by a future ,"is it possible that?" ; yathā-vid/e-,"as it happens" id est "as usual","as well as possible" : Causal vedayati-, to cause to find etc. : Desiderative vividiṣati- or vivitsati-, te- grammar (see vivitsita-): Intensive vevidyate-, vevetti- (for parasmE-pada v/evidat-and dāna-See vi--and saṃvid-). |
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| vighana | m. Name of two ekāha-s ( vighanatva -tv/a- n. ) |
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| viśvamanus | (vitv/a--) mfn. equals -kṛṣṭi- |
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| vṛ | cl.5.9.1. P. A1. () vṛṇ/oti-, vṛṇut/e- ; vṛnāti-, vriṇīte- ; v/arati-, v/arate- (mostly cl.5. and with the preposition apa-or vi-;of cl.9. only avṛṇīdhvam- ; cl.1. only in [ confer, compare also ūrṇu-]; perfect tense vav/āra-, vavr/e- etc. etc. [2. sg. vav/artha- ; vavaritha-, vavṛma-etc. grammar; parasmE-pada vavriv/as- genitive case vavavr/uṣas- ]; Aorist /avar-or /āvar-, avṛta- [1. sg. vam-,2. dual number vartam-,3. plural avran-, parasmE-pada A1. vrāṇ/a- q.v imperative vṛdhi- ]; avārīt- ; avarīṣṭa- grammar; subjunctive varṣathas- ; Potential vriyāt-, vūryāt-, variṣīṣṭa- grammar; future varītā-, varīṣyati- ; infinitive mood vartum- , varitum- , varītum- ; ind.p. vṛtv/ā- ; vṛlv/ī- ; vṛtv/āya- ; -v/ṛtya- ), to cover, screen, veil, conceal, hide, surround, obstruct etc. ; to close (a door) ; to ward off, check, keep back, prevent, hinder, restrain : Passive voice vriyate- (Aorist /avāri-), to be covered or surrounded or obstructed or hindered : Causal vār/ayati-, te- (Aorist avīvarat-, /avīvarata- ; /avāvarīt- ; Passive voice vāryate- etc.) , to cover, conceal, hide, keep back, hold captive etc. ; to stop, check, restrain, suppress, hinder, prevent from (ablative or infinitive mood;rarely two accusative) etc. ; to exclude ; to prohibit, forbid ; to withhold etc.: Desiderative of Causal vivārayiṣate- : Desiderative vivarīṣati-, vuvūrṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive vevrīyate-, vovūryate-, varvarti- [ confer, compare Gothic warjan; German wehren,Wehr; English weir.] |
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| yā | (collateral form of5. i-) cl.2 P. () y/āti- (1. plural yāmahe- ; imperfect tense 3. plural ayuḥ- ; ayān- Scholiast or Commentator; perfect tense yay/au-, yay/ātha-, yay/a-, yay/uḥ- etc.; yaye- ; Aorist ayāsam-or ayāsiṣam-; subjunctive y/āsat-, yeṣam-, yāsiṣat- ; preceding yāsiṣīṣṭhās- ; future yātā- etc.; yāsyati- ; te- ; infinitive mood yātum- etc.;Ved. infinitive mood y/ai-, y/ātave-or v/ai-; ind.p. yātv/ā- ; -y/āya-, -yāyam- ), to go, proceed, move, walk, set out, march, advance, travel, journey (often with instrumental case or accusative of the way, especially with gatim-, mārgam-, adhvānam-, panthānam-, padavīm-, yātrām-) etc. ; to go away, withdraw, retire etc. ; (also with palāyya-) to flee, escape (with kṣemeṇa-or svasti-,to escape unscathed ) ; to go towards or against, go or come to, enter, approach, arrive at, reach etc. etc. (with accusative often followed by prati- exempli gratia, 'for example' with gṛham-,to enter a house;with ripum prati-,to march against the enemy;with mṛgayām-,to go out hunting;with śirasāmahīm-,to bow down to the ground with the head;with prakṛtim-,to return to one's natural state;with karṇau-,to come to the ears, be heard;with utsavād utsavam-,to go from one festival to another;with hastam- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',to fall into the hands of;with patham-or gocaram- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',to come within range of; especially with the accusative of an abstract noun = to go to any state or condition, become, be exempli gratia, 'for example' vināśaṃ yāti-,he goes to destruction id est he is destroyed; kāṭhinyaṃ yāti-,it becomes hard; dveṣyatāṃ yāti-,he becomes hated;similarly nidhanaṃ-yā-,to die; nidrāṃ-yā-,to fall asleep; udayaṃ-yā-,to rise, said of stars etc.;sometimes also with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' yāhi rājñah sakāśe-,go into the presence of the king ;or even with dative case exempli gratia, 'for example' yayatuḥ sva-niveśāya-,both went home ; na cātmane kṛpaṇasya dhanaṃ yāti-,nor does the wealth of the miser go to [i.e. benefit] himself. ; phalebhyo yāti-,he goes to [fetch] fruits Scholiast or Commentator) ; to go to for any request, implore, solicit (with two accusative) ; (with striyam-) to go to a woman for sexual intercourse ; to go to for any purpose (infinitive mood) ; often with adverbs exempli gratia, 'for example' with bahir-, to go out ; with adho-, to go down, sink ; with khaṇḍaśo- or dalaśo-, to fall to pieces ; with śata-dhā-, to fall into a hundred pieces ; to extend to (accusative) ; to last for (accusative) ; to pass away, elapse (said of time) etc. ; to vanish, disappear (as wealth) ; to come to pass, prosper, succeed ; to proceed, behave, act ; to find out, discover ; to receive or learn (a science) from (ablative) ; to undertake, undergo (accusative) ; imperative yātu-, be it as it may : Passive voice yāyate-, to be gone or moved : Causal yāp/ayati- (Aorist ayīyapat-), to cause to depart, cause to go or march, dismiss ; to cause to go towards (accusative) (see yāpita-) ; to direct (the gaze) towards (locative case) (varia lectio pātayati-) ; to drive away remove, cure (a disease) ; to cause to pass or elapse, pass or spend (time) etc. ; to live (pāli- yāpeti-) ; to cause to subsist, support, maintain ; to induce : Desiderative yiyāsati-, to intend or be about to go, desire to proceed etc.: Intensive īyāyate- (?) , to move ; yāyayate-, yāyeti-, yāyāti- grammar |
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| yuj | (confer, compare 2. yu- cl.7 P. A1. ) yun/akti-, yuṅkt/e- (Epic also yuñjati-, te-;Ved. yojati-, te-; yuje-, yujmahe-,3. plural yujata- imperative yukṣv/a-; Potential yuñjīyāt- ; perfect tense yuy/oja-, yuyuj/e- etc. etc., 3. sg. yuyojate- ; Aorist Class. P. ayokṣīt-, ayaukṣīt-or ayujat-;Ved. also A1. /ayuji-;Ved. and Class. ayukṣi-, ayukta-; future yokt/ā- ; yokṣyati- ; te- etc.; infinitive mood yoktum- ; yuj/e- ; ind.p. yuktv/ā- etc.; yuktv/āya- ; -yujya- etc.), to yoke or join or fasten or harness (horses or a chariot) etc. ; to make ready, prepare, arrange, fit out, set to work, use, employ, apply ; to equip (an army) ; to offer, perform (prayers, a sacrifice) ; to put on (arrows on a bow-string) ; to fix in, insert, inject (semen) ; to appoint to, charge or intrust with (locative case or dative case) ; to command, enjoin ; to turn or direct or fix or concentrate (the mind, thoughts etc.) upon (locative case) etc. ; (P. A1.) to concentrate the mind in order to obtain union with the Universal Spirit, be absorbed in meditation (also with yogam-) etc. ; to recollect, recall ; to join, unite, connect, add, bring together etc. (A1.to be attached, cleave to ) ; to confer, or bestow anything (accusative) upon (genitive case or locative case) (A1.with accusative,to become possessed of ;with ātmani-,to use for one's self, enjoy ) ; to bring into possession of, furnish or endow with (instrumental case) etc. ; to join one's self to (accusative) ; (in astronomy) to come into union or conjunction with (accusative) : Passive voice yujy/ate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist /ayoji-), to be yoked or harnessed or joined etc. etc. ; to attach one's self to (locative case) ; to be made ready or prepared for (dative case) ; to be united in marriage ; to be endowed with or possessed of (instrumental case with or without saha-) etc. ; (in astronomy) to come into conjunction with (instrumental case) ; to accrue to, fall to the lot of (genitive case) ; to be fit or proper or suitable or right, suit anything (instrumental case), be fitted for (locative case), belong to or suit any one (locative case or genitive case), deserve to be (Nominal verb) etc. ; (with na-) not to be fit or proper etc. for (instrumental case) or to (infinitive mood,also with pass. sense = "ought not to be") : Causal yojayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist ayūyujat-; Passive voice yojyate-), to harness, yoke with (instrumental case), put to (locative case) etc. ; to equip (an army), draw up (troops) etc. ; to use, employ, set to work, apply, undertake, carry on, perform, accomplish etc. ; to urge or impel to ; to lead towards, help to (locative case) ; to set (snares, nets etc.) ; to put or fix on (especially arrows) etc. ; to aim (arrows) at (locative case) ; to fasten on or in, attack, adjust, add, insert ; (with manas-, ātmānam-etc.) to direct the thoughts to, concentrate or fix the mind upon (locative case) ; to join, unite, connect, combine, bring or put together (also = write, compose) etc. ; to encompass, embrace ; to put in order, arrange, repair, restore ; to endow or furnish or provide with (instrumental case) etc. ; to mix (food) with (instrumental case) ; to confer anything upon (locative case) ; (in astronomy) to ascertain or know (jānāti-) the conjunction of the moon with an asterism (instrumental case) Va1rtt. 11 ; (A1.) to think little of, esteem lightly, despise in : Desiderative yuyukṣati-, to wish to harness or yoke or join etc. ; to wish to appoint or institute ; to wish to fix or aim (arrows) ; (A1.) to wish to be absorbed in meditation, devout : Intensive yoyujyate-, yoyujīti- or yoyokti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin jungere,jugum; Lithuanian ju4ngus; Slavonic or Slavonian igo; Gothic juk; German joh,Joch; Anglo-Saxon geoc; English yoke.]) |
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