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"syati" has 3 results
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| abhinyas | -asyati-, to depress (as fire)   | ||||||
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| abhipaś | -paśyati-, to look upon or at, view etc. ; to perceive, notice ; (with genitive case) ; to know  | ||||||
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| abhipratipad | P. (future -patsyati-) to begin with or at (accusative) | ||||||
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| abhivipaś | -p/aśyati-, to look at, view ; to look hither  | ||||||
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| abhyas | (ind.p. -asya-) to throw towards or upon ; (parasmE-pada genitive case sg. -asyatas-) to throw (as arrows) ; to add, : P. (rarely A1.) -asyati- (but also Potential -aset- ; parasmE-pada -asat- : A1. -asate- ) to concentrate one's attention upon (accusative), practise, exercise, study etc. ; to repeat, double ; to multiply etc.: Causal to cause to practise or study, teach commentator or commentary on  | ||||||
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| abhyudavaso | -syati-, to set out or go towards (accusative)  | ||||||
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| ad | cl.2 P. /atti-, āda-, atsyati-, attum-, to eat, consume, devour, Vedic or Veda infinitive mood /attave- : Causal ād/ayati- and te- (once adayate-[ ]) to feed ([ confer, compare Lithuanian edmi; Slavonic or Slavonian jamjforjadmj; Greek ; Latin edo; Gothic rootAT present tense ita; German essen; English toeat, Armorican or the language of Brittany utem]).  | ||||||
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| adasya | Nom. P. adasyati-, to become that.  | ||||||
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| adhyavaso | cl.4 P. -syati-, to undertake, attempt, accomplish ; to determine, consider, ascertain. | ||||||
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| anūdas | -asyati-, to toss up behind or after  | ||||||
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| anupaś | P. A1. -paśyati-, te-, to look at, perceive, notice, discover etc. ; to consider, reflect upon (accusative) etc. ; to look upon as, take as ; (perf. A1. parasmE-pada -paspaśān/a-) to show (as the path) ()  | ||||||
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| anuprās | (2 as-), -pr/ā  | ||||||
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| anusamas | -s/am-asyati-, to add further  | ||||||
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| anuvipaś | -v/i-paśyati-, to look at, view  | ||||||
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| anvavaso | -syati-, to adhere to cling to etc. ; to long for, desire  | ||||||
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| āp | cl.5 P. āpn/oti- ([ ,etc.]), (perf. āpa- Aorist āpat- future āpsyati- infinitive mood āptum-) A1. (perf. 3. plural āpir/e- , parasmE-pada perfect tense āpān/a- ,but also present tense parasmE-pada /āpnāna- ) to reach, overtake, meet with, fall upon etc. ; to obtain, gain, take possession of etc. etc. ; to undergo, suffer ; to fall, come to any one ; to enter, pervade, occupy ; to equal: Passive voice āpyate-, to be reached or found or met with or obtained ; to arrive at one's aim or end, become filled etc.: Causal P. āpayati-, to cause to reach or obtain or gain etc. ; to cause any one to suffer ; to hit : Desiderative P. and A1. īpsati- and īpsate- ([ ]) to strive to reach or obtain etc.: Desiderative of the Causal āpipayiṣati-, to strive to reach ; ([probably connected with 1. ap-; confer, compare apna-; Greek , ; Latin apiscor, aptus-, ops-; Old German uoban; modern German üben.]) | ||||||
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| āpaś | P. /ā-paśyati- ([ ]) , to look at.  | ||||||
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| as | cl.4 P. /asyati- (parasmE-pada /asyat-; imperfect tense /āsyat-,A.V.[ see parā ; see vy-as-]; perf. P. āsa-[ see parā) to throw, cast, shoot at (locative case dative case,or gen) etc. ; to drive or frighten away ; See also 1. ast/a- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order  | ||||||
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| ās | ( ā-- 2 as-) P. /asyati-, to throw upon, lay or put upon : A1. (imperative 2. plural /ā ; to put or throw on for one's self  | ||||||
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| āsad | P. -sīdati- (Ved. also -sadati-; infinitive mood -s/adam-and -s/ade- ; perfect tense -sasāda-; future -satsyati-) A1. (Ved. Aorist 1. sg. -satsi-and 3. sg. -sādi-) to sit, sit down, sit near ; to preside over ; to lie in wait for ; to go to, go towards, approach ; to meet with, reach, find ; to encounter, attack ; to commence, undertake etc.: Causal -sādayati-, to cause to sit down ; to set down, put down, place etc. ; to cause, effect ; to approach, meet with, find, reach, obtain | ||||||
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| avaman | A1. (Potential -manyeta- Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. maṃsthāḥ-,2.pl. -madhvam- ; Epic also P. -manyati- future -maṃsyati- ) to despise, treat contemptuously etc. ; to repudiate refuse : Passive voice -manyate- to be treated contemptuously: Causal (Potential -mānayet-) to despise, treat contemptuously  | ||||||
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| avapaś | P. -paśyati- (2. plural -paśyata-; parasmE-pada -p/aśyat-) to look down upon (accusative) : A1. -paśyate-, to look upon | ||||||
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| avaso | -syati- (Imper. 2. dual number -syatam-; Aorist subjunctive -sāt-) to loosen, deliver from ; (Imper. 2. sg. -sya-; Aorist /avā etc. Aorist 3. plural /avā; ind.p. -s/āya- ; Vedic or Veda infinitive mood -sai- ) Vedic or Veda to unharness (horses), put up at any one's house, settle, rest etc. ; to take, one's abode or standing-place in or upon (locative case) ; to finish, terminate (one's work) etc. ; to be finished, be at an end, be exhausted ; to choose or appoint (as a place for dwelling or for a sacrifice) ; (Potential 2. sg. -seyās-; see ) to decide , to obtain : Causal -sāyayati- (ind.p. -s/āyya-) to cause to take up one's abode in or upon (locative case) ; (ind.p. -sāyya-) to complete ; (infinitive mood [in Passive voice sense] -sāyyayitum-) to ascertain, clearly distinguish Passive voice -sīyate- (see ) to be obtained ; to be insisted upon (edition Bombay edition in active sense "to insist upon") ; to be ascertained  | ||||||
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| āyas | P. -yasyati-, to work hard, exert one's self, weary one's self etc. ; to become exhausted etc.: Causal P. -yāsayati-, to weary, worry ; to give pain, torment etc.: Passive voice of Causal -yāsyate-, to pine away ; to consume by grief  | ||||||
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| āyudh | P. -yudhyati- (future -yotsyati- ) to war against, attack, oppose: Causal -yodhayati- idem or 'mfn. collected together, brought into connexion '  | ||||||
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| bandh | cl.9 P. () badhn/āti- (rarely A1. badhnīt/e-; cl.1 P. A1. bandhati-, te- ; cl.4 P. badhyati- ; imperative badhāna- , bandhāna- , -badhnīhi- , bandha- ; perfect tense P. bab/andha-,3. plural bedh/us- , babandhus- ; A1. bedh/e-, dhir/e- , babandhe- grammar; future bhantsyati- etc., bandhiṣyati-, te- ; banddhā- grammar; Aorist abhāntsīt- grammar; preceding badhyāt- ; infinitive mood banddhum-,or bandhitum- , b/adhe- ind.p. baddhv/ā- , dhv/āya- , -badhya- ; -bandham- ), to bind, tie, fix, fasten, chain, fetter etc. ; to bind round, put on (;later also P."on one's self") etc. ; to catch, take or hold captive, met. = to attach to world or to sin ; to fix, direct, fasten, rivet (eyes, ears or mind) on (locative case or infinitive mood) ; to arrest, hold back, restrain, suppress, stop, shut, close ; to bind a sacrificial victim, offer, sacrifice (with dative case of the deity to whom it is presented) : ; to punish, chastise ; to join, unite, put together or produce anything in this way, exempli gratia, 'for example' fold (the hands), clench (the fist), knit or bend (the eyebrows), arrange, assume (a posture), set up (a limit), construct (a dam or a bridge), span, bridge over (a river), conceive or contract (friendship or enmity), compose, construct (a poem or verse) etc. ; to form or produce in any way, cause, effect, do, make, bear (fruit), strike (roots), take up (one's abode) ; to entertain, cherish, show, exhibit, betray (joy, resolution etc.) : Passive voice badhy/ate- (ti- ), to be bound etc. etc. ; (especially) to be bound by the fetters of existence or evil, sin again ; to be affected by id est experience, suffer (instrumental case) : Causal bandhayati- (Aorist ababandhat-), to cause to bind or catch or capture, imprison etc. ; to cause to be built or constructed ; to cause to be embanked or dammed up ; to bind together (also bādhayati-) : Desiderative bibhantsati- grammar : Intensive bābanddhi-, bābadhyate- [ confer, compare Zend band; Greek , ; Latin foedus,fides; Lit.be4ndras; Gothic Anglo-Saxon bindan; German binden; English bind.] | ||||||
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| bhraṃś | or bhraś- (sometimes written bhraṃs-; see ) bhraṃśate- (once in P. ti-) cl.4 P. (;cf.; abhraṃśiṣṭa- grammar; future bhraṃśiṣyati-, te-; bhraṃśitā- ; ind.p. bhraṃśitvā-and bhraṣṭvā- ), to fall, drop, fall down or out or in pieces etc. ; to strike against (locative case) ; to rebound from (ablative) ; to fall (figuratively), decline, decay, fail, disappear, vanish, be ruined or lost etc. ; to be separated from or deprived of, lose (ablative) etc. ; to slip or escape from (genitive case) ; to swerve or deviate from, abandon (ablative) : Causal bhraṃśayati- (or bhrāśayati-; see bhr/āśya-and ni- etc. ; to cause to disappear or be lost destroy ; to cause to escape from (ablative) ; to cause to deviate from (ablative) ; to deprive any one (accusative) of (ablative; exempli gratia, 'for example' upavāsāt-or vratāt-,"of the reward for fasting or performing any observance") etc.: Desiderative bibhraṃśiṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive bābhraśyate-, bhraṣṭi- ; banībhraśyate- or bhraṃśyate-  | ||||||
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| bhrāś | (varia lectio bhrās-; see (śyati- ; perfect tense babhrāśe-and bhreśe- ; future bhrāśiṣyate-, śitā- Aorist abhrāśiṣṭa-), to shine, glitter : Causal bhrāśayati- (Aorist ababhrāśat-,or abibhraśat-) grammar : Desiderative bibhrāśiṣate- : Intensive bābhrāśyate-, bābhrāṣṭi-  | ||||||
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| bhṛś | cl.4 P. bhṛśyati-, to fall, fall down (see (rather  | ||||||
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| bis | (or vis-) cl.4. bisyati-, to go, move ; to split or grow ; to urge on, incite ; to cast, throw  | ||||||
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| budh | cl.1 P. A1. () bo b/udhyate- (Epic also P. ti-; perfect tense P. bubodha- ; subjunctive b/ubodhati- ; A1. bubudh/e-, parasmE-pada bubudhān/a- ; Aorist P. subjunctive bodhiṣat- ; imperative bodhi- ; A1.3 plural abudhram-, ran-; parasmE-pada budhān/a- subjunctive budh/anta- ; abhutsi- ; preceding A1. bhutsīṣṭa- ; future bhotsyati-, te- etc.; boddhā- grammar; ind.p. buddhvā- ; -budhya- etc.; infinitive mood b/udhe- ; budh/i- ; boddhum- etc.) , to wake, wake up, be awake etc. ; to recover consciousness (after a swoon) (Aorist Passive voice abodhi-) ; to observe, heed, attend to (with accusative or genitive case) ; to perceive, notice, learn, understand, become or be aware of or acquainted with etc. ; to think of id est present a person ("with" instrumental case) ; to know to be, recognize as (with two accusative) etc. ; to deem, consider or regard as (with two accusative) : Passive voice budhyate- (Aorist abodhi-), to be awakened or restored to consciousness ; See above: Causal bodh/ayati-, te- (Aorist abūbudhat-; Passive voice bodhyate-), to wake up, arouse, restore to life or consciousness etc. ; to revive the scent (of a perfume) ; to cause (a flower) to expand ; to cause to observe or attend, admonish, advise etc. ; to make a person acquainted with, remind or inform of. impart or communicate anything to (with two accusative) etc.: Desiderative bubhutsati-, te- (grammar also bubodhiṣati-, te-,and bubudhiṣati-, te-), to wish to observe, desire to become acquainted with : Desiderative of Causal See bibodhayiṣu- and bubodhayiṣu-: Intensive bobudhīti- (grammar also bobudhyate-, boboddhi-), to have an insight into, understand thoroughly (with accusative) [ confer, compare Zend bud; Greek for () in, Slavonic or Slavonian bu8de8ti,bu8dru8; Lithuanian bude4ti,budru4s; Gothic biudan; German biotan,bieten; Anglo-Saxon be4odan; English bid.] | ||||||
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| bus | cl.4 P. busyati-, to discharge, pour forth, emit ; to divide, distribute (varia lectio for | ||||||
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| chid | cl.7. chin/atti-, chintte- (imperative n/attu-;2. sg. ndh/i-[ confer, compare ];2. dual number nt/am-; subjunctive 1. sg. n/adai-; Potential ndet- ; cl.9. 1. sg. chinnāmi- ; imperfect tense 2. sg. achinad-,or nas- ; perfect tense ciccheda-, cchide-; parasmE-pada cchidvas-, ; Aorist acchidat-or acchaitsīt-[ subjunctive ch- etc.] ;2. sg. chitsi- ;1. plural chedma- ; A1. acchitta-and 2. sg. tthās-[ subjunctive ch- ], on ; future chetsyati-, ; ind.p. chittvā- infinitive mood chettum-; Passive voice chidyate-; See /a-cchidyamāna-; Aorist /acchedi-and chedi- ) to cut off, amputate, cut through, hew, chop, split, pierce etc. ; to divide, separate from (ablative;exceptionally instrumental case ) ; to destroy, annihilate, efface, blot out etc. ; (in mathematics) to divide : Passive voice to be split or cut, break : Causal chedayati- (Aorist acicchidat-) to cut off. ; to cause to cut off or through : Desiderative See cicchitsu- : Intensive cecchidīti- (), dyate- ( Va1rtt. 2 ) ; future Ist ditā-, Va1rtt. 2 ; ([ confer, compare , etc.; Latin scindo; Gothic skeida.])  | ||||||
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| cṛt | cl.6. tati- (future cartsyati-and caitiṣy- ) to tie ; to hurt, kill : cl.1. cartati-, to shine ; to light (varia lectio for (cūṣ-C) ' : Desiderative cicṛtsati-, or cartiṣati- ; See ati--, ava--, ā--, upa--, etc. ; see  | ||||||
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| dhā | cl.3 P. A1. d/adhāti-, dhatt/e- etc. (P. dual number dadhv/as-, dhatth/as-, dhatt/as-[ ]; plural dadhm/asi-or m/as-, dhatth/a-, dādhati-; imperfect tense /adadhāt- plural dhur-, plural /adhatta-or /adadhāta- ; subjunctive d/adhat-or dhāt-[ ], dhas-, dhatas-, dhan-; Potential dadhy/āt-; imperative dādhātu- plural dhatu-;2. sg. dheh/i-[fr. dhaddhi-; confer, compare ] or dhattāt- ;2. plural dhatt/a-, , dhattana-, , d/adhāta-, ,or tana-, [ confer, compare ]; parasmE-pada d/adhat-, ti- m. plural tas-; A1.1. sg. dadh/e-[at once3. sg. equals dhatt/e- and= perfect tense A1.],2. sg. dh/atse-, or dhats/e- dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-;2. plural dhidhv/e-[ confer, compare perfect tense ];3. plural d/adhate- ; imperfect tense /adhatta-, tthās-; subjunctive d/adhase-, [ ]; Potential d/adhīta- dadhīt/a-, ; imperative 2. sg. dhatsva-, or dadhiṣva-, ;2. plural dhaddhvam-[ ]or dadhidhvam- ,etc.;3. pl. dadhatām- ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-) ; rarely cl.1 P. A1. dadhati-, te- ; only thrice cl.2 P. dh/āti- ; and once cl.4 A1. Potential dhāyeta- (pf.P. dadh/au-, dh/ātha-, dhatur-, dhim/ā etc.; A1. dadh/e-[ confer, compare proper ], dadhiṣ/e-or dhiṣe- ;2.3. dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-,2. pl. dadhidhv/e-[ confer, compare proper ];3. plural dadhir/e-, dadhre-, ,or dhire-, ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-[ confer, compare proper ]; Aorist P. /adhāt-, dh/āt-, dh/ās-; adh/ur-, dh/ur- etc.; Potential dheyām-, yur-; dhetana- ; 2. sg. dhāyīs- ; imperative dh/ātu-[ confer, compare ];2. plural dh/āta-or tana-,3. plural dhāntu- ; A1. adhita-, thās-, adhītām-, adhīmahi-, dhīmahi-, dhimahe-, dhāmahe- ;3. sg. ahita-, hita- ; subjunctive dh/ethe- , dhaithe-, ; imperative dhiṣv/ā; P. adhat- ; dhat- ; P. dhāsur- subjunctive sathas-and satha- ; A1. adhiṣi-, ṣata- ; Potential dhiṣīya- [ ]; dheṣīya- ; future dhāsyati-, te-or dhātā- etc.; infinitive mood dh/ātum- etc.;Ved. also tave-, tav/ai-, tos-; dhiy/adhyai- ;Class. also -dhitum-; ind.p. dhitv/ā- ; hitvā-[ ], -dh/āya-and -dh/ām- : Passive voice dhīy/ate- etc.[ ] , p. dhīy/amāna- ; Aorist /adhāyi-, dh/āyi- [ ]; preceding dhāsīṣṭa-or dhāyiṣīṣṭa-[ ]) to put, place, set, lay in or on (locative case) etc. etc. (with daṇḍam-,to inflict punishment on [with locative case ,with genitive case ];with tat-padavyām padam-,to put one's foot in another's footstep id est imitate, equal ) ; to take or bring or help to (locative case or dative case;with ār/e-,to remove) ; (A1.) to direct or fix the mind or attention (cintām-, manas-, matim-, samādhim-etc.) upon, think of (locative case or dative case), fix or resolve upon (locative case dative case accusative with prati-or a sentence closed with iti-) ; to destine for, bestow on, present or impart to (locative case dative case or genitive case) etc. (Passive voice to be given or granted, fall to one's [dat.] lot or share ) ; to appoint, establish, constitute ; to render (with double accusative) ; to make, produce, generate, create, cause, effect, perform, execute etc. (Aorist with pūrayām-, mantrayām-, varayām-etc. equals pūrayām-etc. cakāra-) ; to seize, take hold of, hold, bear, support, wear, put on (clothes) etc. ; (A1.) to accept, obtain, conceive (especially in the womb), get, take (with /okas-or c/anas-,to take pleasure or delight in [loc. or dative case ]) ; to assume, have, possess, show, exhibit, incur, undergo : Causal -dhāpayati- (See antar-dhā-, śrad-dhā-etc.) : Desiderative dh/itsati-, te- () , to wish to put in or lay on (locative case) (Class. Passive voice dhitsyate-; dhitsya-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) ; d/idhiṣati-, te-, to wish to give or present ; (A1.) to wish to gain, strive after (parasmE-pada d/idhiṣāṇa-, ) : with avady/am-, to bid defiance (confer, compare didhiṣ/āyya-, didhiṣ/u-): Intensive dedhīyate- [ confer, compare Zend da1,dadaiti; Greek ,; Lithuanian dedu4,de4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian dedja,diti; Old Saxon duan,do7n, Anglo-Saxon do7n,Engl.do; German tuan;tuon,thun.] | ||||||
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| dham | or dhmā- cl.1 P. dh/amati- (A1. te- ; parasmE-pada dhmāntas- equals dhamantas- ; perf. dadhmau-,3. plural A1. mire- ; Aorist adhmāsīt- ; preceding dhmāyāt-or dhmeyāt- grammar; future dhamāṣyati- ; dhmāsyati-, dhmātā- grammar; ind.p. -dhm/āya- ) to blow (either intrans. as wind [applied also to the bubbling soma- ]or trans. as,to blow a conch-shell or any wind instrument) etc. ; to blow into (locative case) ; to breathe out, exhale ; to kindle a fire by blowing ; to melt or manufacture (metal) by blowing etc. ; to blow or cast away : Passive voice dhamyate-, Epic also ti-, dhmāy/ate-, ti- ( ) to be blown etc.: Causal dhmāpayati- (Aorist adidhmapat- grammar; Passive voice dhmāpyate- ) to cause to blow or melt ; to consume by fire, reduce to cinder : Desiderative didhnāsati- grammar : Intensive dedhmīyate- ; dādhmāyate-, parasmE-pada yamāna- being violently blown (conch-shell) [ confer, compare Slavonic or Slavonian dumo"smoke"]  | ||||||
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| dhe | cl.1 P. () dh/ayati- etc. (perfect tense dadhau-,3. plural dh/ur- ; Aorist -adhāt- ; adhāsīt-or adadhat- ; preceding dheyāt-, ; future dhāsyati- , dhātā- grammar; dative case infinitive mood dh/ātave- ; ind.p. dhītv/ā-and -dh/īya- ; -dhāya- grammar) to suck, drink, suck or drink in, take to one's self, absorb, appropriate etc. etc.: Passive voice dhīyate- grammar : Causal dhāp/ayāte- (confer, compare Va1rtt. 1 ) to give suck, nourish ; ti- (confer, compare anu-- : Intensive dedhīyate-, dādheti-, and dādhāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin fe1-lare; Gothic dadd-jan; German ta1-an,ta1-jan.])  | ||||||
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| dhyai | cl.1 P. dhy/āyati- (Epic also te-,or cl.2. dhyāti-; imperative dhyāhi-; Potential dhyāyāt- ; yīta- ; perf. dadhyau- etc.; Aorist /adhyāsīt- ;3. plural dhyāsur- ; future dhyāsyati- ; dhyātā- ; ind.p. dhyātvā- ; -dhyāya- ; dhyāyam- ) to think of, imagine, contemplate, meditate on, call to mind, recollect (with or scilicet manasā-or si-, cetasā-, dhiyā-, hṛdaye-etc.) etc. ; to brood mischief against (accusative) ; (alone) to be thoughtful or meditative etc. ; to let the head hang down (said of an animal) : Passive voice dhyāyate-, to be thought of, etc. ; Causal dhyāpayati- grammar : Desiderative didhyāsate- : Intensive dādhyā | ||||||
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| dṛp | cl.4 P. dṛpyati- (darpati-only ; future dr/apsyati-or darpiṣyati- ; darpitā-, ptā-,and draptā- ; perfect tense dadarpa-; Aorist adṛpat- ; adrāpsīt- Va1rtt. 7; adarpīt-and adārp sīt- ) to be mad or foolish, to rave ; to be extravagant or wild, to be arrogant or proud, to be wildly delighted. etc. ; to light, kindle, inflame (darpati-or darpayati- varia lectio for chṛd-): Causal darpayati-, to make mad or proud or arrogant  | ||||||
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| gup | (for proper etc.See gopaya-& pāya-,from which the root is derived[ see ]; perf. jugopa- etc.;3. plural jugupur- etc.; future 2nd gopsyati- ; future 1st goptā-or gopitā- ; Aorist agaupsīt-or agopīt- ) to guard, defend, protect, preserve (from ablative) etc. ; to hide, conceal (infinitive mood gopitum-) : Causal gopayati- etc. See ss.vv. gopaya- and pāya-: Desiderative A1. jugupsate- (; Epic also P. ti-) to seek to defend one's self from (ablative), be on one's guard (see Va1rtt. 1) ; to beware of, shun, avoid, detest, spurn, despise (with accusative) etc. ; to feel offended or hurt : Desiderative of Desiderative jugupsiṣate- Va1rtt. 15  | ||||||
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| hā | cl.3 P. () j/ahāti- (rarely cl.1. jahati-3. dual number jahltaḥ- imperative jah/ihi-[or jahāhi- ]; jahītāt- ; Potential jahyāt- etc.; perfect tense jahau-, jah/uḥ- etc.; jahe- ; Aorist ahāt- etc.; ahāsīt- grammar;3. sg. ahās- ; /ahāsi- ; hāsiṣṭa- ,; future hātā- grammar; hāsyati-, te- etc., jahiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood hātum- ; ind.p. hitv/ā-.[ q.v ] etc.; hitv/ī- tv/āya- ; -hītvā- grammar; -h/āya- , h/īyam- ), to leave, abandon, desert, quit, forsake, relinquish (with śarīram-, deham-, prā etc., etc. ; to discharge, emit ; to put away, take off, remove, lay aside, give up, renounce, resign, avoid, shun, abstain or refrain from etc. ; to disregard, neglect ; to lose, be deprived of. ; to get rid of. escape from etc. ; to cause to emit (with śardham-,"to cause to break wind") : Passive voice hīy/ate- or h/īyate- (Epic also hīyati-; Aorist ahāyi-), to be left or abandoned or deserted etc. ; to be left behind, fall short of (ablative) etc. ; to be excluded from or bereft of (ablative or instrumental case;with prā etc. ; to be overtaken by (instrumental case) ; to be deficient or wanting, suffer loss or injury, fail (also in a lawsuit), decrease, wane, decline, come to an end etc. ; to weigh less (at the ordeal of the balance) ; to be given up or avoided (varia lectio) ; to be subtracted ; to become detached from (with ablative or instrumental case), fall out (as hair) : Causal hāpayati- (mc. also te- Aorist ajīhapat-; -jīhipaḥ- ), to cause to leave or abandon etc. ; to omit, neglect etc. ; to fall short of. be wanting in (accusative) ; to give up (asūn-,"life") ; to lose (kālam-,"time") ; to abandon (pratijñām-,"a thesis") : Desiderative jihāsati-, to wish to leave or abandon ; to wish to reject or disdain ; to wish to escape : Intensive jehīyate-, jāhāti-, jāheti- grammar  | ||||||
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| han | cl.2 P. () hanti- (3. dual number hat/aḥ-,3. plural ghnanti-;rarely A1. hate-,3. plural ghnate-;and cl.1. hanati-, Vedic or Veda also jighnate-, ti-; Potential hanyāt- also h/anīta-, ghnīta-; imperative jah/i- handh/i-; imperfect tense /ahan-, Vedic or Veda and Epic also ahanat-, ahanan-, aghnanta-; parasmE-pada jaghnat-, ghnamāna- ; perfect tense jagh/āna-, jaghn/uḥ- Epic also jaghne-, nire- subjunctive jagh/anat- ; parasmE-pada jaghniv/as-, Vedic or Veda also jaghanvas-; Aorist ahānīt- [ confer, compare ; haṃsyati- ; haniṣy/ati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood h/antum-,Ved. also h/antave-, tav/ai-, toḥ-; ind.p. hatv/ā-,Ved. also tv/ī-, tvāya-, -hatya-; -hanya- ; -gh/ātam- etc.) , to strike, beat (also a drum) , pound, hammer (accusative), strike etc. upon (locative case) etc. ; to smite, slay, hit, kill, mar, destroy ; to put to death, cause to be executed ; to strike off ; to ward off, avert ; to hurt, wound (the heart) ; to hurl (a dart) upon (genitive case) ; (in astronomy) to touch, come into contact ; to obstruct, hinder ; to repress, give up, abandon (anger, sorrow etc.) ; (?) to go, move : Passive voice hany/ate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist avadhi-or aghāni-), to be struck or killed etc. etc.: Causal ghātayati-, te- (properly a etc. ; to notify a person's death (kaṃsaṃ ghātayati- equals kaṃsa-vadham ācaṣṭe-) Va1rtt. 6 ; to mar, destroy (varia lectio): Desiderative j/ighāṃsati-, te- (Potential jighāṃsīyat- ; imperfect tense ajighāṃsīḥ- ), to wish to kill or destroy etc. etc.: Intensive j/aṅghanti- (; parasmE-pada jaṅghanat-, j/aṅghnat-or gh/anighnat-), jaṅghanyate- (with pass. sense ), jeghnīyate- () , to strike = tread upon (locative case or accusative) ; to slay, kill ; to dispel (darkness) , destroy (evil, harm) ; to hurt, injure, wound [ confer, compare Greek , ; , ; Latin de-fendere,of-fendere; Lit.genu,gi4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian gu8nati.]  | ||||||
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| jñā | cl.9 P.A1. jān/āti-, nit/e- (see ; subjunctive nat-; imperative nītat-,2. sg. nīh/i-,once irregular jña- ;[fr. cl.3.] jijāhi- ;2. plural irregular nata-. ;2. sg. A1. irregular nase- ; parasmE-pada n/at-, nān/a- irregular namāna-[ ]; perfect tense jajñau-, jñe-[ Passive voice ] , 3. plural jñ/ur- ; parasmE-pada jñān/a- ; future jñāsyati-, te-; Aorist ajñāsīt-, sta- Passive voice /ajñāyi-, ; Potential jñāyāt-or jñey- ;2. sg. jñeyas- equals ; infinitive mood jñātum-) to know, have knowledge, become acquainted with (accusative;rarely genitive case ), perceive, apprehend, understand (also with infinitive mood [ ] ) , experience, recognise, ascertain, investigate etc. ; to know as, know or perceive that, regard or consider as (with double accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' tasya māṃ tanayāṃ jānīta-,"know me to be his daughter" ;with mṛṣā-,"to consider as untrue" ) etc. ; to acknowledge, approve, allow ; to recognise as one's own, take possession of ; to visit as a friend ; to remember (with genitive case) ; A1. to engage in (genitive case exempli gratia, 'for example' sarpiṣo-,"to make an oblation with clarified butter") : Causal jñapayati-, to teach any one (accusative) ; jñāp- (Passive voice jñāpyate-) to make known, announce, teach anything and ; to inform any one (genitive case) that (double accusative) ; A1. to request, ask (jñap-) (jñāp-): Desiderative jijñāsate- (; Epic also P.) to wish to know or become acquainted with or learn, investigate, examine etc. ; to wish for information about (accusative) ; to conjecture : Causal Desiderative jijñapayiṣati- (also jñāp- ) and jñīpsati- (see psyamāna-), to wish to make known or inform ; ([ see etc.]) | ||||||
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| jyā | (see ; ind.p. -jyāya-, ) Vedic or Veda to overpower, oppress, deprive any one (accusative) of property (accusative) etc. ; (derived fr. jy/āyas-,"senior") to become old : cl.4 A1. j/īyate- or Passive voice y/ate-, Vedic or Veda to be oppressed or treated badly, be deprived of property (or everything, sarva-jyān/im- ) etc.: Causal jyāpayati-, to call any one old : Desiderative (parasmE-pada j/ijyāsat-) to wish to overpower : Intensive jejīyate- ; see pari-- ; .  | ||||||
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| karman | n. (in grammar) the object (it stands either in the accusative [in active construction], or in the Nominal verb [in passive construction], or in the genitive case [in connection with a noun of action];opposed to kartṛ-the subject) (it is of four kinds, viz. a. nirvartya-,when anything new is produced exempli gratia, 'for example' kaṭaṃ karoti-,"he makes a mat"; putraṃ prasūte-,"she bears a son";b. vikārya-,when change is implied either of the substance and form exempli gratia, 'for example' kāṣṭhaṃ bhasma karoti-,"he reduces fuel to ashes";or of the form only exempli gratia, 'for example' suvarṇaṃ kuṇḍalaṃ karoti-,"he fashions gold into an ear-ring"; Calcutta edition prāpya-,when any desired object is attained exempli gratia, 'for example' grāmaṃ gacchati-,"he goes to the village"; candraṃ paśyati-,"he sees the moon";d. anīpsita-,when an undesired object is abandoned exempli gratia, 'for example' pāpaṃ tyajati-,"he leaves the wicked") | ||||||
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| khid | cl.6. khindati- (;Ved. khidati- ; perf. cikheda-,or Vedic or Veda cakhāda- ; future khetsyati- ), to strike, press, press down ; to be depressed or wearied : cl.7 A1. khintte-, to be pressed down, suffer pain : cl.4 A1. khidyate- (rarely P. ), to be pressed down or depressed, be distressed or wearied, feel tired or exhausted etc.: Causal P. khedayati- (rarely A1. ), to press down, molest, disturb, make tired or exhausted (varia lectio) ; ([ confer, compare Greek ?]) | ||||||
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| kiṃsa | mfn. equals kiṃ syati-  | ||||||
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| kḷp | cl.1 A1. k/alpate- (; perf. cakḷpe-,3. plural cākḷpr/e- future kalpiṣyate-and kalpsy-[3. dual number kalpsyete- ; vv.ll. kḷps-and klaps-],or kalpsyati-; Conditional akalpiṣyata-,or lpsyat-; 1st future kalpitā-or kalptā-[see ]; Aorist akḷpta-or pat-; proper and perf. only A1. ), to be well ordered or regulated, be well managed, succeed etc. ; to bear suitable relation to anything, correspond, be adapted to, in accordance with, suitable to (instrumental case) etc. ; to be fit for (locative case) ; to accommodate one's self to, be favourable to, subserve, effect (with dative case) etc. ; to partake of (dative case) etc. ; to fall to the share, be shared or partaken by (locative case dative case or genitive case exempli gratia, 'for example' yajñ/o dev/eṣu kalpatām-,"let the sacrifice be shared by the gods") ; to become (with Nominal verb) ; (with dative case [ Va1rtt. 2 ] ) ; to happen, occur ; to prepare, arrange ; to produce, cause, effect, create (with accusative) ; to declare as, consider as (with double accusative) (perf. p. kḷptavat-): Causal P. A1. kalp/ayati-, te-, (Aorist acīkḷpat-or cākḷpat-[ ] subjunctive cīkḷpāti- ), to set in order, arrange, distribute, dispose ; to bring into suitable connection with ; to prepare, arrange etc. ; to fit out, furnish with (instrumental case) ; to help any one in obtaining anything (dative case or locative case or genitive case) ; to fix, settle ; to declare as, consider as (with double accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' mātaram enāṃ kalpayantu-,"let them consider her as their mother" ) etc. ; to make, execute, bring about etc. ; to frame, form, invent, compose (as a poem etc.), imagine ; to perform (as a ceremony etc.) ; to trim, cut ; (in Prakrit) ; to pronounce a formula or verse which contains the : Desiderative cikḷpsati- or cikalpiṣate- ; ([ confer, compare Gothic hilpa; English help; German helfe; Lithuanian gelbmi.]) | ||||||
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| kṛś | cl.4 P. k/ṛśyati- (perf. cak/arśa-; ind.p. kṛśitvā-or karś- ), to become lean or thin, become emaciated or feeble ; to cause (the moon) to wane : Causal karśayati-, to make thin or lean, attenuate, emaciate, keep short of food etc. ; to lessen, diminish ([ confer, compare perhaps Latin parco,parcus.])  | ||||||
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| kṛt | cl.6 P. kṛnt/ati-, Epic also A1. te- and cl.1 P. kartati- (perf. cakarta-,2nd future kartsyati-or kartiṣyati-,1st future kartitā- ; subjunctive kṛnt/at-; Aorist akartīt-,Ved. 2. sg. akṛtas-), to cut, cut in pieces, cut off, divide, tear asunder, destroy etc.: Causal kartayati- idem or 'f. plural idem or 'f. plural Name of the verses ' commentator or commentary ' : Desiderative cikartiṣati- or cikṛtsati- ; ([ confer, compare , ; Lithuanian kertu infinitive mood kirsti,"to cut"; Slavonic or Slavonian korju1,"to split"; Latin curtus,culter; Hibernian or Irish ceartaighim,"I prune, trim, cut";cuirc,"a knife."]) | ||||||
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| krudh | cl.4 P. kr/udhyati- (Epic rarely A1. te- ;(See also krudhyamāna-); perf. cukrodha- etc.; future 2nd krotsyati- ; future 1st kroddhā- ; Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. krudhas- ; infinitive mood kroddhum- ), to become angry, be wrathful or angry with (dative case [ ] or genitive case), on account of (locative case): Causal krodh/ayati- (Aorist /acukrudhat- ; subjunctive 1. sg. cukrudham-,1. plural dhāma-), to make angry, provoke, irritate (infinitive mood krodhayitum-); ([ confer, compare Lithuanian rus-tus,"angry";rus-tybe7"anger" ; Greek German groll; Hibernian or Irish corruidhe,"anger, wrath, motion";corruigh,"fury, resentment."])  | ||||||
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| kṣip | cl.6 P. kṣip/ati- A1. kṣipate- ( etc.; cl.4 P. kṣipyati-,only ; subjunctive kṣip/at-; perf. cikṣepa- etc.; Epic also cikṣipe-; future 2nd kṣepsyati- etc.; Epic also te-; infinitive mood kṣeptum-; confer, compare ), to throw, cast, send, despatch (Passive voice pr. p. kṣipyat-, ) etc. ; to move hastily (the arms or legs) ; to throw a glance (as the eye) ; to strike or hit (with a weapon) ; to put or place anything on or in (locative case), pour on, scatter, fix or attach to (locative case) etc. ; to direct (the thoughts) upon (locative case) ; to throw away, cast away, get rid of ; to lay (the blame) on (locative case) ; to utter abusive words, insult, revile, abuse etc. ; "to disdain" id est to excel, beat, outvie ; to strike down, ruin, destroy ; (A1."to destroy one another, go to ruin" Potential 3. plural kṣiperan- ) ; to pass or while away (the time or night, kālam-, kṣapām-) ; to lose (time, kālam-; confer, compare kālakṣepa-) ; to skip or pass over (a day, dinam-.) ; (in mathematics) to add : Causal P. kṣepayati-, to cause to cast or throw into (antar-) ; to throw into ; to cause to descend into (locative case) ; to pass or while away (the night, kṣapām-) ; (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. cikṣipas-) to hurt, injure (confer, compare subjunctive kṣepayat- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order  | ||||||
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| kṣud | cl.1 P. kṣ/odati-, to strike against, shake () ; A1. to move, be agitated or shaken : cl.7 P. A1. kṣuṇatti-, kṣuntte- (imperfect tense akṣuṇat-; Aorist 3. plural akṣautsur-; future kṣotsyati- ), to stamp or trample upon : Causal kṣodayati- (imperfect tense /akṣodayat-), to shake or agitate by stamping ; to crush, pound, pulverise ; ( ; ([ confer, compare Greek , for, ; Lithuanian skausti ?])  | ||||||
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| kuś | cl.4 P. kuśyati-, to embrace, enfold (varia lectio kus-).  | ||||||
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| kuts | (perhaps related to k/utas-) cl.10 P. kutsayati- ([also A1. yate- ;rarely cl.1 P. kutsati- ;once cl.4 P. kutsyati- ]), to despise, abuse, revile, contemn ; ([ confer, compare Lithuanian kussinu.])  | ||||||
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| lā | cl.2 P. () lāti- (perfect tense lalau- ; Aorist alāsīt- ; future lātā-, lāsyati- grammar; ind.p. lātvā- ), to take, receive, obtain ; to undertake, begin ; to give [Cf. Hind,lenA.]  | ||||||
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| lī | (see ) lināti-, to adhere, obtain (not usually found) ; cl.1 P. layati- (), to melt, liquefy, dissolve (not usually found) ; cl.4 A1. () l/īyate- (Vedic or Veda also lā etc.; lilāya-, lalau- grammar; Aorist aleṣṭa- ; alaiṣīt-, alāsīt-, alāsta- grammar; future letā-, lātā-; leṣyati-or lāsyati-, te- ; infinitive mood letumorla1tum ; ind.p. -lāyam- ; līya- etc.) , to cling or press closely, stick or adhere to (locative case) etc. ; to remain sticking ; to lie, recline, alight or settle on, hide or cower down in (locative case), disappear, vanish etc.: Causal P. lāpayati- or lāyayati-, to cause to cling etc. etc. ; A1. lāpayate-, to deceive ; to obtain honour ; to humble : Desiderative lilīṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive lelīyate-, lelayīti-, leleti- (see lelāya-).  | ||||||
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| lip | (cf) limp/ati-, te- (perfect tense lilepa-. etc.; Aorist alipat- ; alispata-, alipta- grammar; -alipsata- ; future lepta1-, lepsyati-, te- grammar; infinitive mood leptum- ; ind.p. -lipya- etc.) , to smear, besmear, anoint with (instrumental case), stain, soil, taint, pollute, defile etc. ; to inflame, kindle, burn : Passive voice lipyate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist alepi-), to be smeared etc. ; to be attached to (locative case), stick, adhere : ; Causal lepayati- (Aorist alīlipat-), to cause to smear etc. ; to smear or anoint anything (accusative) with (instrumental case) or on (locative case) ; to cover ; to cast blame on any one ; (limpayati-), to smear anything (accusative) with (instrumental case): Desiderative lilipsati-, te- grammar : Intensive leliyate-, lelepti- [ confer, compare Greek , Latin lippus; Lithuanian li4pti; Gothic bileiban; Germ,bili4ian,bli7ben,bleiben,leben,Leib; Anglo-Saxon libban; English live,life.]  | ||||||
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| lup | (see ) lump/ati-, te- (perfect tense lulopa-, lulupe- etc.; Aorist alupat-, alupta- grammar; preceding, lopsiya- ; loptā-, lopsyati-, te- grammar; infinitive mood loptum- ; ind.p. luptvā- etc.; -l/upya- ; -l/umpam- ; lopaṃ- ), to break, violate, hurt, injure, spoil ; to seize, fall or pounce upon (accusative) ; to rob, plunder, steal ; to cheat (said of a merchant) ; to take away, suppress, waste, cause to disappear ; to elide, erase, omit (a letter, word etc.) ; cl.4 P. lupyati- (perfect tense lulopa-; future lopitā-, lopiṣyati-,etc.) , to disturb, bewilder, perplex, confound : Passive voice lupy/ate- ( l/upyate-; Aorist alopi-), to be broken etc. etc. ; to be wasted or destroyed ; (in gram.) to be suppressed or lost or elided, disappear ; to be confounded or bewildered : Causal lopayati-, te- (Aorist alūlupat- ; alulopat- grammar; Passive voice lopyate-), to cause to break or violate, cause to swerve from (ablative) ; to break, violate, infringe, neglect etc. ; (A1.) to cause to disappear, efface : Desiderative lulupsati- or lulopiṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive lolopti- (parasmE-pada lolupat-), to confound, bewilder, perplex ; lolupyate- equals garirhitaṃ- lumpati- ; to be greedy, in a-lolupyamāna- q.v ([For cognate wordsSee under | ||||||
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| mā | cl.2 P. () māti- ; cl.3 A1. () m/imīte- ; cl.4. A1. () māyate- (Ved. and Epic also mimāti- Potential mimīyāt- imperative, mimīhi-; Potential mimet- ; perfect tense mam/au-, mame-, mamir/e- ; Aorist /aināsi- subjunctive masātai- ; amāsīt- grammar; preceding māsīṣṭa-, meyāt- ; future mātā-; māsyati-, māsyate- ; infinitive mood m/e- -m/ai- ; mātum- ; ind.p. mitv/ā-, -m/āya- etc.) , to measure, mete out, mark off etc. ; to measure across = traverse ; to measure (by any standard) , compare with (instrumental case) ; (māti-) to correspond in measure (either with genitive case,"to be large or long enough for";or with locative case,"to find room or be contained in" ;or with na-and instrumental case,"to be beside one's self with" ) ; to measure out, apportion, grant ; to help any one (accusative) to anything (dative case) ; to prepare, arrange, fashion, form, build, make ; to show, display, exhibit (amimīta-,"he displayed or developed himself", ) ; (in philosophy) to infer, conclude ; to pray (yācñā-karmaṇi-) : Passive voice mīy/ate- (Aorist amāyi-) ; to be measured etc. Causal , māpayati-, te- (Aorist amīmapat- Va1rtt. 2 ), to cause to be measured or built, measure, build, erect etc.: Desiderative mitsati-, te- (confer, compare nir- [ confer, compare Zend ma1; Greek , ; Latin me1tior,mensus,mensura; Slavonic or Slavonian me8ra; Lithuanian me3ra4.]  | ||||||
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| mas | (prob. an artificial root) cl.4 P. masyati-, to measure, mete (parimāṇe- varia lectio pariṇāme-)  | ||||||
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| mi | (see ) min/oti-, minute- (perfect tense P. mimāya-, mimy/uḥ- , mamau-,Gr,; A1. mimye- grammar Aorist amāsīt-, sta- ; preceding mīyāt-, māsīṣṭa- ; future mātā-, māsyati-, te- ; parasmE-pada meṣyat-[?] ; ind.p. -mitya- , -māya- grammar), to fix or fasten in the earth, set up, found, build, construct ; to mete out, measure ; to judge, observe, perceive, know ; to cast, throw, scatter : Passive voice mīy/ate- (Aorist amāyi- grammar), to be fixed etc. : Causal māpayati- (Aorist amīmapat-) grammar : Desiderative mitsati-, te- : Intensive memīyate-, memayīte-, memeti-  | ||||||
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| mī | cl.9 P. A1. () mīnāti-, mīnīte- (Ved. also min/āti-and minoti-; m/īyate-or mīy/ate-[ ]; mimītas-, mimīyāt-[?]; perfect tense mimāya- ; mīmaya- ; mamau-, mimye- grammar; Aorist amāsīt-, amāsta- grammar; meṣṭa- ; Aorist Passive voice /amāyi- ; preceding mīyāt-, māsīṣṭa- grammar; future mātā-, māsyati-, te- grammar; meṣyate- ; infinitive mood -m/iyam-, -miye- ; m/etos- ; ind.p. mītvā-, -mīya-, māya- grammar), to lessen, diminish, destroy (A. and Passive voice to perish, disappear, die) ; to lose one's way, go astray ; to transgress, violate, frustrate, change, alter : Causal māpayati- Aorist amīmapat-. See pra- [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin minuere; Slavonic or Slavonian mi8nij; German minniro,minre,minder; Anglo-Saxon min.] | ||||||
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| mis | cl.4 P. m/isyati- to go  | ||||||
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| mlai | cl.1 P. () mlāyati- (Epic also te-and mlāti-; perfect tense mamlau- ; mamle- ; Aorist amlāsīt-,2. sg. mlāsīḥ- ; preceding mlāyāt-,or mleyāt- ; future mlātā-, mlāsyati- grammar; Conditional amlāsyatām- , syetām- ; infinitive mood mlātum- grammar), to fade, wither, decay, vanish etc. ; to be languid or exhausted or dejected, have a worn appearance : Causal mlāp/ayati-, to cause to wither or fade, enfeeble, make languid ; mlapayati-, to crush  | ||||||
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| mnā | (see ; manati- (grammar also perfect tense mamnau-; Aorist amnāsīt-; preceding mnāyāt-,or mneyāt-; future mnātā-and mnāsyati-; infinitive mood mnātum-: Causal mnāpayati- Aorist amimnapat-: Desiderative mimnāsati-: Intensive, māmnāyate-, māmnāti-, māmneti-), only in anu--, ā--, praty-ā--, sam-ā--, pari- | ||||||
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| mukhatas | mfn. equals mukhe tasyati-  | ||||||
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| mus | (see  | ||||||
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| nah | cl.4 P. A1. () n/ahyati-, te- (Potential -nahet- ; nahyur- ; parasmE-pada A1. n/ahyamāna-[also with pass. meaning] etc.; perfect tense nanāha-, nehe-; future natsyati-, naddhā- [ confer, compare ]; Aorist, anātsīt-, ; anaddha- ; ind.p. naddhvā- grammar; -n/ahya- etc.; infinitive mood -naddhum- ) to bind, tie, fasten, bind on or round or together ; (A1.) to put on (as armour etc.), arm one's self. etc. etc.: Passive voice nahyate-, parasmE-pada hyamāna- (See above) : Causal nāhayati- (Aorist anīnahat- grammar) to cause to bind together : Desiderative ninatsati-, te- grammar : Intensive nānahyate-, nānaddhi-. [Prob. for nagh-; confer, compare Latin nectere, German Nestel(?).]  | ||||||
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| nam | cl.1 P. n/amati- (), te- (mostly intrans.; confer, compare ; pr. p. A1. namāna- ; perfect tense P. nā etc.;2. sg. nemitha-,or nanantha- ; subjunctive nan/amas- ;3. plural nemur- ; A1. neme- ;3. plural -nanamire- ; Aorist P. anān- ; anaṃsīt- ; A1. anaṃsta- grammar;3. plural anaṃsata- ; subjunctive naṃsai-, naṃsante- ; future naṃsyati- ; namiṣyati- ; nantā- ; infinitive mood -n/amam-, -n/ame- ; nantum-, namitum- ; ind.p. natvā- ; -natya- ; -namya- ) to bend or bow (either trans. or oftener intr.) to bow to, subject or submit, one's self (with genitive case dative case or accusative) etc. ; (with hiruk-) to turn away, keep aside ; to turn towards id est to aim at (genitive case) with (instrumental case) ; to yield or give way, keep quiet or be silent ; (in gram.) to change a dental letter into a cerebral : Passive voice namyate-, to be bent or bowed ; yield or submit to : Causal nam/ayati- etc. (nāmayati- etc.; nāmyati-[!] ; Aorist anīnamat- ; Passive voice nāmyate-, ti- etc.) to cause to bow or sink, incline etc. ; (with cāpam-) to bend a bow etc. ; to turn away or ward off ; to aim at (genitive case), ; (in gram.) to change a dental letter into a cerebral : Desiderative ninaṃsati-, : Intensive n/annamīti- ; nannamyate- (3. sg. n/amnate- imperfect tense anamnata-, parasmE-pada n/amamāna- ) to bow or submit one's self to (dative case). [ confer, compare Zend nam,nemaiti; Greek , ; Latin nemus; Gothic , Old Saxon , Anglo-Saxon niman; HGerm. ne0man,ne0men,nehmen.]  | ||||||
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| naś | cl.4 P. () n/aśyati- (rarely te-and cl.1.P. n/aśati-, te-; perfect tense nanāśa-,3. plural neśur-; Aorist anaśat- etc.; aneśat-, n/eśat- [ confer, compare on ]; future naśiṣyati- ; naṅkṣyati-, te-[cond. anaṅkṣyata-] ; naśitā- ; naṃṣṭā- ; naṅgdhā- ; infinitive mood naśitum-, naṃṣum- grammar; ind.p. naśitvā-, naṣṭva-, naṃṣṭvā- ) to be lost, perish, disappear, be gone, run away etc. ; to come to nothing, be frustrated or unsuccessful etc.: Causal nāś/ayati-, Epic also te- (Aorist -anīnaśat-; dative case infinitive mood -nāśayadhyai- ) to cause to be lost or disappear, drive away, expel, remove, destroy, efface etc. ; to lose (also from memory), give up ; to violate, deflower (a girl) ; to extinguish (a fire) ; to disappear (in mā- nīnaśah-and naśuḥ-) : Desiderative ninaśiṣati- or ninaṅkṣati- (confer, compare ninaṅkṣu-) ; Desiderative of Causal nināśayiṣati-, to wish to destroy : Intensive nānaśyate- or nānaṃṣṭi- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin nex,nocere]) . | ||||||
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| nihan | P. -hanti- (imperative -jahi- ; parasmE-pada -ghn/a- etc.; 3- sg. A1. -jighnate- ; parasmE-pada jighnamāna- ; perfect tense -jaghāna- etc.;3. plural -jaghnur-, nire- ; future -haniṣyati-, te-, -haṃsyati- ; parasmE-pada -haniṣy/at- ; ind.p. -hatya- [ see a-nihatya-]; infinitive mood -hantave- ; -hantum- ), to strike or fix in, hurl in or upon or against (locative case) etc. ; to make an attempt upon, attack, assail (accusative locative case or genitive case) ; to strike or hew down (also -mow ), kill, overwhelm, destroy etc. etc. (also applied to planets ) ; to hit, touch (literally and figuratively) ; to beat (a drum) ; to punish, visit, afflict ; to attach to (Passive voice -hanyate-,to be fixed upon, with locative case) ; to drop, lower, let sink (hands, wings etc.) ; to speak with the unaccented tone id est with the anudātta- ; (in arithmetic) to multiply commentator or commentary Causal See ni-ghāta-, taya-. | ||||||
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| niras | P. A1. -asyati-, te-, (infinitive mood asitum- ; Aorist -āsthat- ) . to cast out, throw or drive away, expel, remove, banish from (ablative) etc. ; to ward off, keep away etc. ; to strip off (also A1.) Va1rtt. 3 ; to stretch out (hastau-,also A1.) ; to reject, refuse, decline (as a suitor, an offer, etc.) ; to destroy, annihilate  | ||||||
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| nirvap | P. A1. -vapati-, te- (perfect tense -vavāpa- , -uvāpa- , -ūpe- ; future -vapsyati- , -vapiṣyati- ), to pour out, sprinkle, scatter, to offer, present (especially sacrificial food, the funeral oblation or libation to deceased relatives) ; to choose or select for (dative case or genitive case), to distribute (exempli gratia, 'for example' grain for sacrif. purposes) ; to perform (a sacrifice or a funeral oblation etc.) etc. ; (with kṛṣim-) to practise or exercise agriculture : Causal -vāpayati-, to sow out ; to choose or select (for the gods)  | ||||||
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| nirvṛt | A1. -vartate- (P.only in future -vartsyāmi-,to cause to roll out or cast (as dice) ; future -vartsyati-and Conditional -avartsyat-,to take place, happen ), to come forth, originate, develop, become etc. ; to be accomplished or effected or finished, come off ; take place (see above) etc. ; often wrong reading for ni-vṛt- q.v : Causal -vartayati- (ind.p. -vartya-; Passive voice -vartyate-), to cause to come forth, bring out, turn out, do away with, remove ; to bring about, complete, finish, perform, make, produce, create etc. ; to gladden, satisfy (a-nirvartya- varia lectio for a-nirvṛtya-)  | ||||||
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| niśo | P. -śyati- (A1. parasmE-pada -śyāna-,or -śāna- ), to sharpen, whet (see ni-śi-).  | ||||||
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| nivap | P. -vapati-, (future -vapsyati-; ind.p. ny-upya-; Passive voice ny-upyate-), to throw down, overthrow ; to fill up (a sacrificial mound) ; to throw down, scatter, sow, offer (especially to deceased progenitors)  | ||||||
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| nivas | P. -vasati-, (rarely te-; future -vatsyati-), to sojourn, pass or spend time, dwell or live or be in (locative case) etc. ; to keep one's ground, withstand (-vāsate-for -vasate-?) ; to inhabit (accusative) ; to incur or undergo (accusative) ; to cohabit, approach sexually (rohiṇīm-) : Causal -vāsayati- (perfect tense sayām āsa-), to cause to stay, receive as a guest ; to make inhabited, populate ; to choose as a dwelling-place, inhabit ; to put or place upon (locative case) | ||||||
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| nṛt | cl.4 P. () n/ṛtyati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense nanarta-, nanṛtur- ; Aorist anartiṣur- ; -nṛtur-[ see ā-; future nartiṣyati- etc.; nartsyati-and nartitā- grammar; infinitive mood nartitum-and narttum- etc.; ind.p. nartitvā- , -nartam- ), to dance etc. etc. ; to act on the stage, represent (accusative) etc. ; to dance about (accusative) : Causal nart/ayati-, te-, to cause to dance etc. etc.: Desiderative ninṛtsati- and ninartiṣati- : Intensive narī ; narīnṛtyate-, ti- ; narnartti-, narnṛtīti-, narī | ||||||
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| nud | cl.6 P. A1. () nud/ati-, te- (perfect tense nunoda- ; nunud/e-,3. plural dre- etc.; Aorist P. anautsīt- grammar; A1. anutthās- ; nudiṣṭhās- ; preceding -nudyāt- ; future -notsyati- ; te- etc.; nottā- grammar; ind.p. -nudya- ; infinitive mood -n/ude- ; -nudas- ; -nodam- ), to push, thrust, impel, move, remove etc. etc.: Causal nodayati- (Passive voice nodyate-), to push on, urge, incite etc.: Intensive nonudyate-, to push or drive away repeatedly  | ||||||
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| nyas | P. -asyati-, or -asati-, to throw or cast or lay or put down (with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' bhuvi-,on the earth) etc. ; to take off ; to give up, resign (as life) ; to set in the ground, plant (prarohān-,shoots) ; (with locative case) to throw or hurl upon, pour or shed on or in, put or place or fix or insert in, turn or direct to, deposit with, intrust or commit to ; to settle arrange etc. (with citre-,"to place in a picture", paint, depict;with śirasi-,"to place on the head", receive with reverence;with manasi-,"to call to mind", reflect, ponder;with pathi-,"to lay on the road", give up) ; to bring forward, mention : Causal (perfect tense nyāsayām āsa-or sayāṃ cakre-) to cause to put or lay down  | ||||||
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| pā | cl.1 P. () p/ibati- (Ved. and Epic also A1. te-; rarely pipati-, te- ) cl.2. pāti-, pāth/as-, pānti- ; parasmE-pada A1. papān/a- , p/ipāna- (perfect tense P. pap/au-,2. sg. papātha- ; papitha- ; papīyāt- ; p. papiv/as- ; A1. pape-, papire- ; p. papān/a- ; Aorist or imperfect tense apāt- [ confer, compare ] ; 3. plural apuḥ-[?] ; -pāsta- ; preceding 3. sg. peyās- ; future pāsyati-, te- etc.; pātā- grammar; ind.p. pītv/ā- etc., tvī- ; -pāya- etc.; -pīya- ; pāyam- ; infinitive mood p/ibadhyai- ; pātum- etc.; p/ātave- ; p/ātava/ī- ), to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow (with accusative,rarely genitive case) etc. ; (met.) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears etc.) etc. ; to drink up, exhaust, absorb ; to drink intoxicating liquors : Passive voice pīy/ate- etc. etc.: Causal pāyayati-, te- (perfect tense pāyayām āsā- ; Aorist apīpyat- ; ind.p. pāyayitvā- ; infinitive mood p/āyayitav/ai- ), to cause to drink, give to drink, water (horses or cattle) etc. etc.: Desiderative pipāsati- ( also pipīṣati-), to wish to drink, thirst : Desiderative of Causal pipāyayiṣati-, to wish or intend to give to drink : Intensive pepīyate- (parasmE-pada yamāna-also with pass meaning) , to drink greedily or repeatedly [ confer, compare Greek; AEolic = ; Latin pa1-tus,po1tum,biboforpi-bo; Slavonic or Slavonian pi-ja,pi-ti]  | ||||||
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| pā | cl.2 P. () p/āti- (imperative pāh/i-; pr. p. P. p/āt- A1. pān/a- ; perfect tense papau- grammar; Aorist apāsīt- subjunctive pāsati- ; future pāsyati-, pātā- grammar; preceding pāyāt- ; infinitive mood pātum- ), to watch, keep, preserve ; to protect from, defend against (ablative) etc. ; to protect (a country) id est rule, govern ; to observe, notice, attend to, follow : Causal pālayati- See [ confer, compare Zend pa1,paiti; Greek , , etc.; Latin pa-sco,pa-bulum; Lithuanian pe0-mu4]  | ||||||
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| pad | cl.4 A1. () padyate- (ti- ; Potential padyām- ; imperative patsva- ; perfect tense papāda- ; pede- ; Aorist apadmahi-, dran- [ subjunctive padāti- ]; apatsi-, patthās- ; preceding padīṣṭ/a- ; future patsyati- ; te- ; pattā- grammar; infinitive mood p/attave- ; tos-, tum- ; -p/adas- ; ind.p. -p/adya- ; -p/ādam- ), to fall, fall down or out, perish ; to go, resort or apply to, participate in (accusative), keep, observe : Causal pād/ayati-, te-, to cause to fall (Passive voice pādyate- ; Desiderative pipādayiṣati- etc.) ; padayate-, to go : Desiderative pitsate- : Intensive panīpadyate- ; panīpadīti-  | ||||||
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| parāpaś | P. -paśyati-, to look far off (or to a distance) ; to see or perceive (at a distance)  | ||||||
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| parās | ( parā-- 2 as-) P. parā  | ||||||
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| paridhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, (perfect tense -dadhur-, -dadhire-; future -dhāsyati-; Aorist -dhāt-, -dhīmahi-; ind.p. -dh/āya-;Ved. infinitive mood p/ari-dhātav/ai-), to lay or put or place or set round etc. ; to cast round, turn upon (dṛṣṭim-,with locative case ) ; to put on, wear (with or sc. vāsas-), dress etc. ; surround, envelop, enclose etc. ; to conclude or close (the recitation of a hymn) : Causal -dhāpayati- (ind.p. yitvā- ), to cause a person to wrap round or put on (2 accusative) etc. ; to clothe with (instrumental case) : Desiderative -dhitsate-, to wish to put on  | ||||||
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| parihā | P. -jahāti-, (ind.p. -hāya-; infinitive mood -hātum-), to leave, abandon, quit ; to omit, neglect, disregard : Passive voice -hīyate- (with future -hāsyati- ), to be avoided or omitted, be destitute or deprived of, desist or be excluded from (ablative), be wanting or deficient, be inferior to (ablative or instrumental case), wane, fail, decrease, pass away etc.: Causal -hāpayati-, to cause to relinquish or abandon ; to interrupt, leave unfinished  | ||||||
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| parikliś | P. A1. -kliśyati-, te- (parasmE-pada -kliśyamāna- ), to suffer, feel pain, be troubled or vexed ; (only ind.p. -kliśya-) to pain, torment, vex, harass  | ||||||
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| pariṇaś | (2 naś-) P. -ṇasyati-  | ||||||
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| paripaś | P. -paśyati-, to look over, survey ; to perceive, behold, see, observe ; to fix the mind or thoughts upon (accusative) ; to learn, know, recognise as (2 accusative)  | ||||||
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| pariṣṭhā | ( sthā-) P. A1. -tiṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense -taṣṭhau-; future -ṣṭhāsyati- ;3. plural perfect tense -tasthuḥ- ; Aorist -ṣṭhāt-, -ṣṭhuḥ- ; -ṣṭhāḥ- ; -sthāḥ- ), to stand round, be in a person's way, obstruct, hinder etc. ; to crowd from all sides ; (A1.) to remain, survive : Causal -sthāpayati- (ind.p. -sthāpya-), to beset, surround ; to place near, cause to stay close by  | ||||||
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| paritap | P. -tapati- (future -tapiṣyati- ; -tapsyati- ; ind.p. -t/apya- ), to burn all round, set on fire, kindle ; to feel or suffer pain ; (with tapas-) to undergo penance, practise austerities etc. etc.: Passive voice -tapyate- (ti-), to be purified (as by fire) ; to feel or suffer pain, do penance, practise austerities etc.: Causal -tāpayati-, to scorch, cause great pain, torment  | ||||||
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| paryas | P. A1. pary-asyati-, te-, to throw or cast or place round ; to spread round, diffuse ; to entrap, ensnare (A1. Aorist 3. dual number pary-āsiṣātām- ) ; to turn round, wallow (ind.p. pary-asya-) ; to throw down, overturn, upset (Aorist pary-āsthat-) : Passive voice pary-asyate- (Aorist pary-āsthata- ), to tall down, drop: Causal pary-āsayati-, to cause to roll down or shed (as tears)  | ||||||
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| paryavaso | P. -syati-, to result or end in, amount to (locative case or accusative with prati-) ; to finish, complete, conclude, include ; to endeavour ; to perish, be lost, decline | ||||||
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| paryudas | P. -asyati-, to reject, exclude  | ||||||
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| paś | only present tense P. A1. p/aśyati-, te- (see ), to see (with na-"to be blind"), behold, look at, observe, perceive, notice etc. ; to be a spectator, look on (especially parasmE-pada exempli gratia, 'for example' tasya paśyataḥ-,while he looks on, before his eyes ; paśyantī tiṣṭhati-,she stands ind.p. looks on ) ; to see a person (either"visit"or"receive as a visitor") etc. ; to live to see, experience, partake of. undergo, incur etc. ; to learn, find out ; to regard or consider as, take for (accusative with accusative or adverb in vat-) ; to see with the spiritual eye, compose, invent (hymns, rites etc.) ; (also with sādhu-) to have insight or discernment etc. ; to consider, think over, examine ; to foresee ; (paśyāmi-,"ISee or l am convinced ", and paśya-, śyata-,"see, behold, look here!"often employed parenthetically or interjectionally ) [Orig. identical with | ||||||
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| pis | cl.4 P. () p/isyati- (perfect tense 3. plural pipisuḥ-), to stretch, expand ; cl.1. pesati-, to go, move ; cl.10. pesayati- idem or ' wrong reading for pippala- q.v ' ; to hurt ; to be strong ; to give or to take ; to dwell, (see piṣ-, Causal)  | ||||||
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| plus | cl.4 P. plusyati-, to burn (varia lectio for pluṣ-) ; to share  | ||||||
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| pradas | P. -dasyati-, to dry up, become dry  | ||||||
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| pradiś | P. A1. -diśati-, te-, to point out, show, indicate, declare, appoint, fix, ordain etc. ; to direct, bid, urge ; to assign, apportion, grant (-diśyati-, ) etc.: Causal -deśayati-, to urge on, incite : Intensive (pr. p. -d/ediśat-), to animate | ||||||
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| praṇaś | (2 naś-) P. -ṇaśati-, or ṇaśyati- (Epic also A1. te-; future -naṅkṣyati-; infinitive mood -naṣṭum- ), to be lost, disappear, vanish etc. ; to flee, escape : Causal -ṇāśyati-, to cause to disappear or perish etc. ; to allow to be lost id est leave unrewarded  | ||||||
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| prapaś | P. -paśyati- (Epic also A1. te-), to see before one's eyes, look at, observe, behold etc. ; to judge, discern ; to know, understand ; to regard as, take for (two accusative)  | ||||||
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| prās | ( pra-- 2 as-) P. prā etc. ; to upset ; (with aṃśam-) to cast lots, lay a wager  | ||||||
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| pratiniras | P. -asyati-, to throw back  | ||||||
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| pratipad | A1. -padyate- (Epic future also -patsyati-), to set foot upon, enter, go or resort to, arrive at, reach, attain etc. ; to walk, wander, roam ; to come back to (accusative), return ; to happen, occur, take place ; to get into (accusative), meet, with, find, obtain, receive, take in or upon one's self. etc. ; to receive back, recover ; to restore to favour ; to undertake, begin (accusative dative case or infinitive mood), practise, perform, accomplish etc. ; to do anything to any person, act or proceed or behave towards or against (locative case genitive case or accusative) ; to make, render ; to fall to a person's (accusative) lot or share, ; to let a person (dative case) have anything ; to give back, restore ; to perceive, find out, discover, become aware of or acquainted with, understand, learn etc. ; to deem, consider, regard ; to answer affirmatively say yes (with or scilicet tathā-,or tathe etc. ; to begin to speak, commence (with accusative or instrumental case) ; to answer (also with uttaram- ) : Causal -pādayati-, to convey or lead to, procure, cause to partake of (2 accusative). give a present to, bestow on (locative case dative case or genitive case) etc. ; to give in marriage ; to spend. ; to present with (instrumental case) ; to put in, appoint to (locative case) ; to produce, cause, effect etc. ; to establish, substantiate, prove, set forth, explain, teach, impart etc. ; to deem, consider, regard as (2 accusative) (varia lectio -vadasi-for -pādayasi-): Desiderative -pitsate- () , to wish to attain ; to wish to know : Desiderative of Causal -pipādayiṣati-, to wish or intend to explain or analyze  | ||||||
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| pratipaś | only proper P. -paśyati-, to look at, perceive, see, behold ; to live to see, experience ; (A1. te-) to see in one's own possession | ||||||
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| pratiprās | ( -pra-as-) P. -prā  | ||||||
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| pratisamas | P. -asyati- (ind.p. -āsam-), to put back again to its place  | ||||||
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| pratyas | P. -asyati-, to throw to or down ; to turn over or round  | ||||||
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| pratyavaso | P. -syati-, to come back, return to (locative case) | ||||||
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| pravas | P. -vasati-, (rarely A1.; exempli gratia, 'for example' perfect tense -vāsāṃ- cakre- ; future -vatsyati- ; ind.p. pro), to go or sojourn abroad, leave home, depart etc. ; to disappear vanish, cease ; to stop at a place, abide, dwell ; (= Causal) to banish to (locative case) : Causal -vāsayati-, to make to dwell in ; to order to live abroad, turn out, expel, banish etc.: Desiderative -vivatsati-, to intend to set out on a journey ; to be about to depart from (ablative)  | ||||||
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| prāvaso | (pra-ava- | ||||||
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| pravyas | P. -asyati-, to lay down, place upon (locative case)  | ||||||
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| prayas | P. -y/asyati- (see ), to begin to bubble ; to endeavour, labour, strive after (dative case)  | ||||||
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| psā | cl.2 P. () ps/āti- (imperative psāhi-, psātu- ; perfect tense papsau- grammar; Aorist apsāsīt- ; preceding psāyāt- ;or pseyāt- grammar; future psāsyati-, psātā- ; ind.p. -ps/āya- ; Passive voice imperfect tense apsīyata- ), to chew, swallow, devour, eat, consume ; to go bhsā- equals bhasā-= | ||||||
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| pyus | cl.4 P. pyusyati- varia lectio for vyuṣ-  | ||||||
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| rā | or rās- cl.2 P. () r/āti- (Vedic or Veda also A1. rāt/e-; imperative rirīhi-, rarāsva-, raridhvam-; parasmE-pada rarāṇa-;3. sg. r/arate-and rāsate-; perfect tense rarim/a-, rar/e-; Aorist /arāsma- subjunctive r/ātat-etc. Potential rāsīya-; Classical forms are only proper rāti-; future rātā- ; rāsyati- infinitive mood rā), to grant, give, bestow, impart, yield, surrender  | ||||||
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| rabh | or rambh- (mostly compound with a preposition; see ) r/abhate- (mc. also ti-and Epic rambhati-, te-; perfect tense rebh/e- ;also rārabhe-and 1. plural rarabhm/a-; Aorist /arabdha- ; future rabdhā- grammar; rapsyati- ; te- etc.; infinitive mood rabdhum- ; Vedic or Veda r/abham-, r/abhe-; ind.p. r/abhya- etc.) , to take hold of, grasp, clasp, embrace (arabhat- wrong reading for ā ; to act rashly (see rabhas-, rabhasa-): Passive voice rabhyate- Aorist arambhi-, : Causal rambhayati-, te- Aorist ararambhat- : Desiderative ripsate- : Intensive rārabhyate-, rārabhīti-, rārabdhi- (as far as these forms really occur, they are only found after prepositions; see anv-ā--, ā--, prā | ||||||
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| radh | or randh- cl.4 P. () r/adhyati- (perfect tense rarandha-,1. plural rarandhima-or redhma- grammar;3. plural rāradh/uḥ- ; Aorist aradhat- ; subjunctive randhīs- imperative randhi-for randdhi- ; future radhitā-, raddhā- grammar; radhiṣyati-, ratsyati- ; infinitive mood radhitum- ), to become subject to (dative case), be subdued or overthrown, succumb ; to be completed or matured (see ; to deliver into the hand of (dative case) ; to hurt, torment : Causal randh/ayati- (Ved. also te-; Aorist rīradhat- ; ararandhat- grammar), to make subject, deliver over to (dative case) ; to torment, afflict ; to destroy, annihilate ; to cook, prepare (food) : Desiderative riradhiṣati-, riratsati- grammar : Intensive rāradhyate-, rāraddhi- grammar (in rārandh/i-for rāranddh/i-,and rāranta-for rārantta-) to hand over to, deliver.  | ||||||
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| rādh | (confer, compare ) rādhn/oti- rādhyati- (Vedic or Veda also proper rādhati-and r/ādhyate-; perfect tense rar/ādha- etc. etc. [2. sg. rarādhitha-or redhita-, confer, compare ]; Aorist, arātsīt-, rādhiṣi- ; preceding rādhyāsam- ; future rāddhā- grammar; rātsyati- ; ind.p. rāddhv/ā-, -rādhya- ), to succeed (said of things), be accomplished or finished ; to succeed (said of persons), be successful with (instrumental case), thrive, prosper ; to be ready for, submit to (dative case) ; to be fit for, partake of, attain to (dative case or locative case), ; (rādhyati-) to prophesy to (dative case) ; to accomplish, perform, achieve, make ready, prepare, carry out ; to hit, get at (accusative) ; to propitiate, conciliate, gratify ; to hurt, injure, destroy, exterminate (confer, compare ) : Passive voice rādhyate- (Aorist /arādhi-), to be conciliated or satisfied (confer, compare rādhyate-above) : Causal rādh/ayati- (Aorist arīradhat- ; Passive voice rādhyate- ), to accomplish, perform, prepare, make ready etc. ; to make favourable, propitiate, satisfy : Desiderative of Causal rirādhayiṣati- : Desiderative rirātsati- or -ritsati- Va1rtt. 1 : Intensive rārādhyate-, rārāddhi- grammar ([ confer, compare  | ||||||
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| ram | cl.1. A1. () ramate- (Vedic or Veda also P. r/amati-or ramṇāti- perfect tense rarāma- ; reme- etc.; Aorist 3. plural ranta- ; araṃsīt- ; araṃsta- ; raṃsiṣam- ; future rantā- grammar; raṃsyati- ; te- etc.; infinitive mood ramitum- ; rantum- etc.; rantos- ; ind.p. ratv/ā- ; rantvā- ; -ramya-or -ratya- ), to stop, stay, make fast, calm, set at rest (P.; especially present tense ramṇāti-) ; (P. A1.)to delight, make happy, enjoy carnally ; (A1.) to stand still, rest, abide, like to stay with (locative case or dative case) etc. ; (A1.; P.only mc.) to be glad or pleased, rejoice at, delight in, be fond of (locative case instrumental case or infinitive mood) etc. ; to play or sport, dally, have sexual intercourse with (instrumental case with or without samam-, saha-, sākam-or sā etc. ; to couple (said of deer) , Va1rtt. 8 (confer, compare Causal) ; to play with id est put to stake (instrumental case) : Causal ram/ayati- or rām/ayati- (Aorist /arīramat-), to cause to stay, stop, set at rest ; (ramayati-, mc. also te-) to gladden, delight, please, caress, enjoy carnally etc. (3. sg. ramayati-tarām-, ) ; to enjoy one's self, be pleased or delighted ; mṛgān ramayati-, he tells that the deer are coupling Va1rtt. 8 : Desiderative in riraṃsā-, su- q.v : Desiderative of Causal in riramayiṣu- q.v : Intesis. raṃramyate- or raṃramīti- [ confer, compare Zend ram, Greek ,, ; Lithuanian rimti; Gothic rimis.] | ||||||
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| ras | (rather ) rasa4yati (rarely A1. te- Epic also rasati-and rasyati-), to taste, relish etc. ; to feel, perceive, be sensible of ; to love : Desiderative rirasayiṣati-, to desire to taste  | ||||||
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| rudh | cl.7 P. A1. () ruṇ/addhi-, runddh/e- (1. plural -rudhmas- ; rundhati-, te- etc.; rodhati- perfect tense rurodha-, rurudhe- etc.; rurundhatuḥ- ; Aorist araut- ; arautsīt- etc.; rotsīs- ; arutsi-, aruddha- ; arautsi- ; arodham- ; arudhma- ; parasmE-pada rudh/at- see etc.; preceding rudhyāt- ; future roddhā- grammar; rotsyati-, te- etc. infinitive mood roddhum-or rodhitum- ; roddhos- ; ind.p. ruddhvā- etc.; -r/udhya- etc.; -rundhya- ; -r/udham- ; -r/undham- ; -ro), to obstruct, check, arrest, stop, restrain, prevent, keep back, withhold (always with na-), etc. ; to avert, keep off, repel (see rudhat-under etc. (according to to also with double accusative) ; to besiege, blockade, invest etc. ; to close, block up (a path) ; to cover, conceal, veil, obscure etc. ; to stop up, fill ; to lay (dust) ; to touch, move (the heart) ; to torment, harass ; to lose, be deprived of (accusative) ; to tear, rend asunder (?) : Causal rodhayati- (Epic also te-and rundhayati-; Aorist arūrudhat-; Passive voice rodhyate-), to stop, arrest ; to cause to be confined by (accusative) ; to cause to be besieged by (instrumental case) ; to close (with a cover or lid) ; to fetter, enchain, influence ; to oppress, torment, harass : Desiderative rorutsate- (), ti- (), to wish to obstruct etc.: Intensive rorudhyate-, roroddhi-, to obstruct intensely or repeatedly etc. grammar (only rorudhaḥ- ) | ||||||
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| śad | cl.1.6. A1. () śīyate- (confer, compare ; P.in non-conjugational tenses, ; perfect tense śaśada-, śeduḥ- ; future śatsyati- ; Aorist aśadat- grammar; future śattā- ; infinitive mood śattum- ), to fall, fall off or out : Causal śādayati-, to impel, drive on (cattle) ; śāt/ayati-, te- (confer, compare ) , to cause to fall off or out or asunder, hew or cut off, knock out etc. ; to fell, throw down, slay, kill ; to disperse, dispel, remove, destroy : Desiderative śiśatsati- grammar : Intensive śāśadyate-, śāśatti- [ confer, compare, according to to some, Latin cedo.] | ||||||
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| sad | cl.1. or cl.6. P. () sīdati- (Epic also te-;Ved. s/adati-or s/īdati-, te-; perfect tense sas/āda-, sas/attha-, sed/us-, sedir/e- ; sīdatus- ; sasadyāt-. ; Aorist asadat-[ confer, compare present tense stem-] grammar;2. 3. sg. s/atsi-, s/atsat- ; asādīt- ; future sattā- grammar; satsyati- ; sīdiṣyati- ; infinitive mood s/ade- ; sattum- ; sīditum- ; ind.p. -s/adya-, -s/adam- ; -sādam- ), to sit down (especially at a sacrifice), sit upon or in or at (accusative or locative case) ; to sit down before, besiege, lie in wait for, watch (accusative) ; to sink down, sink into despondency or distress, become faint or wearied or dejected or low-spirited, despond, despair, pine or waste away, perish etc. : Passive voice sadyate- (Aorist asādi-, sādi- ) : Causal sād/ayati-, te- (Aorist asīṣadat-), to cause to sit down or be seated, place down, put upon or in (locative case) etc. ; to put in distress, afflict, weary, exhaust, ruin, destroy etc.: Desiderative siṣatsati- grammar : Intensive sāsadyate- (grammar also sāsatti-), to sit down in an indecent posture [ confer, compare Greek for ; Latin sidere,sedere; Lithuanian se4sti,sede4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian se8sti; Gothic sitan; German sitzen; Anglo-Saxon sittan; English sit.]  | ||||||
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| sādh | (connected with , cl.4. sādhyati-, cl.5. sādhnoti- (in also sadhnoti-; perfect tense sasādha-; Aorist asātsīt-; future sāddhā-, sātsyati-; infinitive mood sāddhum-,in later language sādhitum-;Ved. infinitive mood s/adhase- q.v), to go straight to any goal or aim, attain an object, to be successful, succeed, prosper ; to bring straight to an object or end, further, promote, advance, accomplish, complete, finish ; to submit or agree to, obey ; (sādhyati-) to be completed or accomplished : Causal sādhayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist asīṣadhat-;Ved. also sīṣadhati-, dhaḥ-, dhema-, dhātu-; Passive voice sādhyate- etc.), to straighten, make straight (a path) ; to guide straight or well, direct or bring to a goal ; to master, subdue, overpower, conquer, win, win over etc. ; to summon, conjure up (a god or spirit) ; (in law) to enforce payment, recover (a debt), collect (taxes) etc. ; to subdue a disease, set right, heal, cure ; to bring to an end or conclusion, complete, make perfect, bring about, accomplish, effect, fulfil, execute, practice (with vākyam-,"to execute any one's [ genitive case ] order";with naiṣkarmyam-,"to practise inactivity";with marum-,"to practise abstinence";with mantram-,"to practise the recitation of spells") etc. ; to attain one's object, be successful ; to produce, make, render (two accusative) ; to establish a truth, substantiate, prove, demonstrate ; to make ready, prepare ; to gain, obtain, acquire, procure etc. ; to find out (by calculation), ; to grant, bestow, yield etc. ; to put or place in (locative case) ; to set out, proceed, go (in dramatic language according to to = etc.: Desiderative of Causal siṣādhayisati- or sisādhayirhati-, to desire to establish or prove : Desiderative siṣātsati- grammar : Intensive , sāsādhyate-, sāsdidhi- | ||||||
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| samabhyas | P. -asyati-, to practise, exercise  | ||||||
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| samanupad | A1. -padyate- (Epic also P. ti-), to enter into or upon, attain to (varia lectio -vatsyati-for -patsyati-).  | ||||||
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| samanupaś | P. A1. -paśyati-, te- (only present tense base) , to look well after, look at or on ; to perceive, observe ; to regard as, consider | ||||||
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| samanuvas | P. -vasati-, to abide by, follow, conform to (accusative) (varia lectio -patsyati-for -vatsyati-).  | ||||||
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| samas | P. -asyati- (Ved. infinitive mood sam-/āsam-), to throw or put together, add, combine, compound, mix, mingle, connect : Passive voice -asyate-, to be put together or combined etc. ; (in gram.) to be compounded, form a compound  | ||||||
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| samavaso | P. -syati-, to decide, be in agreement with another (upon the same place or time) ; to reach, attain  | ||||||
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| saṃdaśasya | Nom. P. -daśasyati-, to remit, pardon (a sin)  | ||||||
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| saṃdṛś | f. (e- dative case as infinitive mood; see above) sight, appearance (samyak paśyati yaḥ-,"one who sees well or thoroughly")  | ||||||
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| saṃnyas | P. -asyati- (rarely -asati-), to, throw down together, place or put or lay together ; to impose, put or lay upon, intrust or commit to (genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to put or lay down, deposit etc. ; to lay aside, give up, abandon, resign (especially the world id est become an ascetic or saṃnyāsin-)  | ||||||
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| sampaś | P. A1. -paśyati-, te- (occurring only in present; see saṃ- ; to see, behold, perceive, recognize (yasya sam-paśyataḥ-,"before whose eyes") etc. ; to look at, inspect, review ; to see id est admit into one's presence, receive ; to look upon as, regard as, (two accusative) ; to attend to, ponder, consider etc. ; to count over or up, calculate, recapitulate  | ||||||
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| sampraṇaś | (2 naś-) P. -ṇaśyati-, to be lost, vanish, disappear  | ||||||
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| saṃśo | P. A1. -śiśāti-, -śiśīte- (once śyati- ), to whet or sharpen thoroughly (A1."one's own weapons") ; to urge, excite, speed. make ready, prepare  | ||||||
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| saṃtras | P. -trasati-, or -trasyati-, to tremble all over, be greatly terrified or frightened etc.: Causal -trāsayati-, to cause to tremble, frighten, terrify  | ||||||
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| samupanyas | P. -asyati-, to lay down fully, state at full length  | ||||||
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| saṃyas | cl.4.1. P. -yasyati-, -yasati-, to make effort etc.  | ||||||
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| śap | cl.1.4. P. A1. () śapati-, te- or śapyati-, te- (the latter only in ; perfect tense śaś/āpa-, śep/e- Aorist aśāpsīt-, aśapta- grammar [2. plural śāpta-in prob. wrong reading ]; future śaptā- ; śapsyati-, te- ; śapiṣye- ; infinitive mood śaptum-or śapitum- ; ind.p. śapitvā- ; śaptvā- grammar), to curse (mostly P.with accusative;in A1.with dative case) etc. ; (P. A1.) to swear an oath, utter an execration (sometimes with śapatham-or thān-;also with anṛtam-,to swear a false oath) etc. ; (P. A1.) to revile, scold, blame (accusative,rarely dative case) ; (A1.; mc. also P.) to curse one's self (followed by yadi-,"if", i.e. to promise with an oath, vow or swear,"that one will not"etc.;or followed by dative case and rarely accusative of the person to whom and instrumental case of the object by which one swears;or followed by iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' varuṇe) etc. ; (A1.) to adjure, supplicate, conjure any one (accusative) by (instrumental case) : Causal śāpayati- (Aorist aśīśapat-), to adjure, conjure, exorcise (demons) ; to cause any one (accusative) to swear by (instrumental case) (see śāpita-): Desiderative śiśapsati-, te- grammar : Intensive śāśapyate-, śāśapti-, or śaṃśpyate-, śaṃśapti-  | ||||||
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| sidh | cl.1 P. () s/edhati- (in later language also te-; perfect tense siṣedha-, Epic also siṣidhe-; Aorist asedhīt- grammar also asaitsīt-; future seddhā-or sedhitā- grammar; setsyati-or sedhiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood seddhum- etc.; sedhitum- grammar; ind.p. -s/idhya- ), to drive off, scare away, repel, restrain, hinder ; to punish, chastise ; to ordain, instruct ; to turn out well or auspiciously : Passive voice sidhyate- (Aorist asedhi-), to be driven or kept off or repelled etc.: Causal sedhayati- (Aorist asīṣidhat-) grammar : Desiderative of Causal siṣedhayiṣati- : Desiderative sisedhiṣati-, sisidhiṣati-, siṣitsati- : Intensive seṣidhyate-, seṣeddhi- (pr. p. -s/eṣidhat- )  | ||||||
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| sidh | (weak form of) s/idhyati- (Epic and mc. also te-;pf: siṣedha- ; Aorist asidhat- grammar; saitsīt- ; preceding sidhyāsam- grammar; future seddhā- ; setsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood seddhum- grammar; ind.p. sedhitvā-, sidhitvā-,or siddhvā- ), to be accomplished or fulfilled or effected or settled, be successful, succeed etc. ; to hit a mark (locative case) ; to attain one's aim or object, have success etc. ; to attain the highest object, become perfect, attain beatitude ; to be valid or admissible, hold good ; to be proved or demonstrated or established, result from ; to be set right, (especially) be healed or cured ; to be well cooked ; to conform to a person's will, yield to (genitive case) ; to fall to a person's (genitive case) lot or share ; to come into existence, originate, arise : Causal sedhayati- (Aorist asīṣidhat-) or sādhayati-, to show the knowledge or skill (of any one, the former,"with reference to sacred things", the latter,"to secular things") on (sadh-), to accomplish, effect : Desiderative siṣitsati- grammar : Intensive seṣidhyate-, seṣeddhi- | ||||||
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| skand | (confer, compare skandh-and skund-) cl.1 P. () skandati- (mc. also te-; cask/anda- etc.; caskande- etc.; Aorist askan-, sk/an- ; /askān-, skān- ; askāntsīt- ; askadat- grammar; preceding skadyāt- ; future skanttā- ; skantsyati- ; infinitive mood skanditum- grammar; -sk/ade-, -sk/adas- ; ind.p. skanttvā- grammar; -sk/andya-or -sk/adya- ; -sk/andam- ), to leap, jump, hop, dart, spring, spurt out, be spilt or effused (especially said of semen) etc. ; (A1.) to emit seminal fluid ; to leap upon, cover (said of animals) ; to drop, fall down, perish, be lost : Passive voice skadyate- (perf. caskade-or caskande-; Aorist askandi-) grammar : Causal skandayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist acask/andat-), to cause to jump or leap (in explaining skanda-) ; to pour out, effuse, shed, spill, emit (especially seminal fluid) ; to omit, neglect etc. ; to cause to coagulate, thicken : Desiderative ciskantsati-, grammar : Intensive canīskadyate-, canīskandīti- (grammar), k/aniṣkan-, -caniṣkadat- ; (), to leap, jump, hop etc. [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin scando,de-scendo;scAlaforscant(s)la.]  | ||||||
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| snā | (confer, compare ) sn/āti- cl.4 P. () snāyati- (Epic also A1. snāyate- Potential snāyāt-; Epic also snāyīta-; perfect tense sasnau-,3. plural sasnuḥ- ; future snātā- grammar; snāsyati-, te- etc.; Aorist asnāsīt- grammar; preceding snāyāt-[ confer, compare above] or sneyāt- ; infinitive mood snātum- etc.; ind.p. snātv/ā-, -sn/āya- etc.;Ved. also snātvī- ), to bathe, perform the ceremony of bathing or certain prescribed oblations (especially on returning home from the house of a religious preceptor, or on concluding certain vows etc., also with avabhṛtham-) etc. ; to smear one's self with (instrumental case) : Passive voice snāyate- (Aorist asnāyi- impersonal or used impersonally) : Causal snāp/ayati- or snap/ayati-, (with preposition only snāp-), to cause to bathe, wash, cleanse etc. ; to wash away ; to steep or soak in (locative case) ; to bathe with tears, weep for(?) : Desiderative sisnāsati- (but confer, compare siṣṇāsu-): Intensive sāsnāyate-, sāsnāti-, sāsneti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin nare.])  | ||||||
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| snus | (varia lectio snas-) cl.4 P. snusyati-, to eat ; to disappear ; to take  | ||||||
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| śo | (confer, compare also cl.4 P. śyati- confer, compare ni-; Aorist aśīta- confer, compare saṃ-; future śātā-, śāśyati- ; indeclinable ś/āya- ), to whet, sharpen (A1."one's own"weapons or horns) : Passive voice śāyate- grammar : Causal śāyayati- ; Desiderative śiśāsati- : Intensive śāśāyate-, śaśeti-, śāśāti- [? confer, compare Greek etc.]  | ||||||
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| śṛdh | cl.1 P. A1. () ś/ardhati-, te- (pr. p. Vedic or Veda ś/ardhat-and ś/ardhamāna-; grammar also perfect tense śaśṛdhe-; Aorist aśṛdhat-,or aśardhiṣṭa-; future śartsyati-or śardhiṣyate-; infinitive mood śardhitum-; ind.p. śardhitvā-or śṛddhvā-), to break wind downwards (in ava--and vi- ; to moisten, become moist or wet : Causal śardhayati- (only in ati-praśardh/ayat-) : Desiderative śiśardhiṣate-, śiśṛtsati- grammar : Intensive śarīśṛdhyate-, śarīśṛdhīti-, śarīśarddhi-  | ||||||
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| sṛp | cl.1 P. () s/arpati- (Epic and mc. also te-; parasmE-pada s/arpat-[see sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ]and sarpamāṇa-; perfect tense sasarpa-[1. dual number sasṛpiva-] ; Aorist asṛpat- ; asṛpta- etc.; asārpsīt-or asrāpsīt- grammar; future sarptā-or sraptā- ; sarpsyati- ; srapsyati- etc.; infinitive mood sarpitum- etc.; sarptum-or sraptum- grammar; -s/ṛpas- ; ind.p. sṛptvā- ; -s/ṛpya- etc.; -sarpam- etc.) , to creep, crawl, glide, slink, move gently or cautiously (sarpata-,"depart!") etc. ; to slip into (accusative) ; (in ritual) to glide noiselessly and with bended body and hand in hand (especially from the sadas- to the bahiṣ-pavamāna-) : Passive voice sṛpyate- (Aorist asarpi-), to be crept etc. etc.: Causal sarpayati- (Aorist asīsṛpat-or asasarpat-), to cause to creep etc. (See ava--, anu-pra--, vi-), sarīsarpti-, parasmE-pada sarīsṛpat- (), to creep along or hither and thither, glide about etc. [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin serpere-;See also sarpa-.]  | ||||||
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| sthā | cl.1 P. A1. () t/iṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense tasth/au-, tasthe- etc.; Aorist /asthāt-, /asthita- ;3. plural asthiran- ; āsthat-[?] ; asthiṣi-, ṣata- etc.; subjunctive sthāti-, sth/āthaḥ- ; preceding stheyāt- ; stheṣam-, ṣuḥ-[?] ; sthāsīṣṭa- grammar; future sthātā- etc.; sthāsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sth/ātum- ; tos- ; -sthitum- ; ind.p. sthitvā- etc.; -sth/āya- etc.; -sthāyam- ), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on (with pādābhyām-,"to stand on the feet";with jānubhyām-,"to kneel";with agre-or agratas-and genitive case,"to stand or present one's self before";with puras-and with or without genitive case,"to stand up against an enemy etc.") etc. ; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (exempli gratia, 'for example' with kanyā-,"to remain a girl or unmarried";with tūṣṇīm-or with maunena- instrumental case"to remain silent";with sukham-,"to continue or feel well") etc. ; to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with locative case; exempli gratia, 'for example' with rājye-,"to continue governing";with śāsane-,"to practise obedience";with bale-,"to exercise power";with sva-dharme-,"to do one's duty";with sva-karmaṇi-,"to keep to one's own business";with saṃśaye-,"to persist in doubting";also with ind.p. exempli gratia, 'for example' dharmam āśritya-,"to practise virtue") etc. ; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to"perish"), endure, last etc. ; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand etc. ; to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dative case genitive case,or locative case) etc. ; (A1. mc. also P. confer, compare ) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (locative case or dative case) etc. ; to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (See under sthitvā-below) etc. ; to behave or conduct one's self (with samam-,"to behave equally towards any one" locative case) ; to be directed to or fixed on (locative case) ; to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (locative case) ; to rely on, confide in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' mayi sthitvā-,"confiding in me") ; to stay at, resort to (accusative) ; to arise from (ablative or genitive case) ; to desist or cease from (ablative) ; to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only imperative and Potential) : Passive voice sthīyate- (Aorist asthāyi-), to be stood etc. (frequently used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' mayā sthīyatām-,"let it be abided by me" id est"I must abide") etc. etc.: Causal sthāpayati-, te- (Aorist /atiṣṭhipat-; ind.p. sthāpayitvā-[ q.v ] and -sth/āpam-: Passive voice sthāpyate-), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute etc. ; to set up, erect, raise, build ; to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm etc. ; to prop up, support, maintain ; to affirm, assent ; to appoint (to any office locative case) etc. ; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two accusative;with dhātrīm-,"to employ any one as a nurse";with rakṣā etc. ; to fix, settle, determine, resolve etc. ; to fix in or on, lead or bring into, direct or turn towards (locative case,rarely accusative;with hṛdi-,"to impress on the heart";with manas-,"to fix the mind on") etc. ; to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' with naye-,"to instruct in a plan or system") ; to make over or deliver up to (locative case or haste-with genitive case,"into the hands of") ; to give in marriage ; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain (with baddhvā-,"to keep bound or imprisoned") etc. ; to place aside, keep, save, preserve : Desiderative of Causal -sthāpayiṣati- (See saṃ- : Intensive teṣṭhīyate- ; tāstheti-, tāsthāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin stare; Lithuanian sto4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian stati; German sta7n,stehen; English stand.]) | ||||||
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| śudh | or śundh- cl.1 P. A1. () śundhati-, te- (imperative śunddhi- ; perfect tense śuśundha- Aorist aśundhīt- future śundhitā-, śundhiṣyati- grammar), to purify (A1."one's self", become or be pure) ; cl.4 P. A1. () śudhyati- (mc. also te-; perfect tense śuśodha- Aorist aśudhat- future śoddhā-, śotsyati-, infinitive mood śoddhum- grammar), to be cleared or cleansed or purified, become pure (especially in a ceremonial sense) etc. ; to become clear or free from doubts ; to be cleared or excused from blame, to be excusable : Passive voice śudhyate- (Aorist aśodhi-) grammar : Causal śundhayati-, to clear, purify ; śodhayati- (Aorist aśūśudhat-), to purify (especially in a ceremonial sense) etc. ; to correct, improve ; to remove (impurity or anything noxious) etc. ; to clear off, pay (debts) ; to acquit, exculpate, justify ; to put to test ; to try, examine ; to make clear, explain ; to subtract : Desiderative śuśutsati- : Intensive śośudhyate-, śośoddhi- grammar  | ||||||
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| svap | cl.2 P. () svapiti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also sv/apati-, te-; imperative sv/aptu- ; Potential svapīta- ; perfect tense suṣvāpa-[3. plural suṣupuḥ-; parasmE-pada suṣupv/as-and suṣupāṇ/a-,qq.vv.] etc.; Aorist asvāpsīt-; preceding supyāt- future svaptā- ; svapiṣyati- ; te- ; svapsyati- etc.; te- etc.; infinitive mood svaptum- etc.; ind.p. suptv/ā- etc., -sv/āpam- ), to sleep, fall asleep (with varṣa-śatam-,"to sleep for a hundred years, sleep the eternal sleep") etc. ; to lie down, recline upon (locative case) etc. ; to be dead ; Passive voice supyate- (Aorist asvāpi-) etc. ; Causal svāp/ayati-, or (mc.) svapayati- (Aorist asūṣupat-;in also siṣvapaḥ-, s/iṣvap-; Passive voice svāpyate-), to cause to sleep, lull to rest ; to kill : Desiderative of Causal suṣvāpayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative suṣupsati-, to wish to sleep : Intensive soṣupyate-, sāsvapīti-, sāsvapti-, soṣupīti-, soṣopti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin somnusforsop-nus,sopor,sopire; Slavonic or Slavonian su8pati; Lithuanian sa4pnas; Anglo-Saxon swefan,"to sleep."])  | ||||||
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| svatā | f. the state of belonging to one's self, ownership (-tām paśyati-,"he thinks it belongs to him"; rāja-svatām upapadyate-,"it accrues to the king's ownership")  | ||||||
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| svid | cl.1 A1. 4. P. () svedate- or svidyati- (A1. svidyate- ; parasmE-pada svidyamāna- ; perfect tense siṣveda- grammar; siṣvide- ; parasmE-pada siṣvidān/a- ; Aorist asvidat- ; future svettā-, svetsyati- grammar; ind.p. -svedam- ), to sweat, perspire etc. ; (svedate-), to be anointed ; to be disturbed (?) : Causal svedayati- (Aorist asiṣvidat-), to cause to sweat, treat with sudorifics ; to foment, soften : Desiderative of Causal sisvedayiṣati-, grammar : Desiderative sisvitṣati- : Intensive seṣvidyate-, seṣvetti- [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin su1dor,sUdare; Anglo-Saxon swa7t; English sweat; German Schweiss,schwitzen.]  | ||||||
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| śyai | cl.1 P. śyāyati-, to cause to congeal or freeze ; (A1.) śyāyate- (grammar also perfect tense śaśye-; Aorist aśyāsta-; future śyātā-, śyāsyate-), to go, move : Passive voice śīyate-, to congeal, freeze, be cold : Causal śyāpayati- grammar : Desiderative śiśyāsate- : Intensive śāśyāyate-, śāśyeti-, śāśyāti-  | ||||||
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| taṃs | (cl.1. P. sati-,to decorate ; A1. sate-[aor. ataṃsiṣṭa-]to decorate one's self ; perfect tense tatasr/e-) "to move", pour out (figuratively a wish) : Causal taṃsayati- (cl.10."to decorate"; imperfect tense ataṃsayat-), to draw to and fro : Intensive , irregular tantasyati-,"to afflict"or"to be distressed" (confer, compare vi- | ||||||
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| tras | cl.1. tr/asati- () , cl.4. trasyati- ( etc.; Epic also A1.; perfect tense 3. tatrasur-[ ] or tresur-[ ] ) to tremble, quiver, be afraid of (ablative genitive case,rarely instrumental case) and (parasmE-pada f. tar/asantī-) etc.: Causal trāsayati- (Epic also A1.) to cause to tremble, frighten, scare ; ([ confer, compare Zend | ||||||
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| tud | cl.6 P. d/ati- (parasmE-pada f. datī-or dantī- ; perfect tense tut/oda-; future 2nd totsyati-or tottā-, ; Aorist atautsīt-) to push, strike, goad, bruise, sting, vex etc. ; Passive voice to pain (said of a wound) : Causal See todita- ; ([ confer, compare t/ottra-etc.; etc.; Latin tundo.])  | ||||||
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| udas | P. -asyati-, to cast or throw up ; to raise, erect, elevate ; to throw out, expel ; to throw (a weapon)  | ||||||
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| udavaso | P. -/ava-syati-, to leave off, go away ; to finish, end ; to go away to (another place, with locative case)  | ||||||
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| udvyudas | P. -asyati-, to give up wholly or completely  | ||||||
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| upadas | P. -dasyati- (subjunctive -dasat- ) to fail, be wanting, be extinguished or exhausted, dry up ; to want, lose, be deprived of (instrumental case) : Causal -dāsayati-, to cause to fail or cease, extinguish  | ||||||
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| upanyas | P. -asyati-, to place down, put down ; to announce ; to speak of, mention ; to explain ; to hint, allude, suggest  | ||||||
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| upās | ( upa-- 2 as-) P. -asyati-, to throw off, throw or cast down upon, throw under : A1. -asyate-, to throw (anything) under one's self | ||||||
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| upāvaso | P. -syati-, to settle near at (accusative)  | ||||||
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| urasya | Nom. P. urasyati-, to be strong-chested, be strong  | ||||||
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| uṣasya | Nom. (fr. uṣas- gaRa kaṇḍv-ādi- [not in ]) P. uṣasyati-, to grow light, dawn.  | ||||||
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| utpaś | (ud- ; to descry before or in the future ; to foresee, expect ; to behold, perceive, descry  | ||||||
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| vā | cl.2 P. () v/āti- (perfect tense vavau- etc.; Aorist avāsīt- ; future vāsyati- ; infinitive mood vātum- ), to blow (as the wind) etc. ; to procure or bestow anything (accusative) by blowing ; to blow towards or upon (accusative) ; to emit an odour, be diffused (as perfume) ; to smell (trans.) (varia lectio) ; to hurt, injure : Causal vāpayati- See nir- | ||||||
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| vas | cl.2 A1. () v/aste- (imperative vasiṣva- ; vaddhvam- ; parasmE-pada v/asāna-,once usān/a-and us/amāna- ; perfect tense vavase- ; vāvase-, parasmE-pada sān/a- ; Aorist avasiṣṭa- ; future vasitā- grammar; vasiṣyate- ; vatsyati- ; infinitive mood vasitum- ; ind.p. vasitvā- ; -vasya- ), to put on, invest, wear, (clothes etc.) , assume (a form etc.) , enter into etc. etc.: Causal vās/ayati-, te- (Passive voice vāsyate-), to cause or allow to put on or wear (clothes) , clothe (A1."one's self") with (instrumental case) : Desiderative vivasiṣate- grammar : Intensive vāvasyate-, vāvasti- [ confer, compare Greek for ; Latin vestis; Gothic wasjan; Anglo-Saxon werian; English wear.]  | ||||||
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| vas | cl.1 P. () v/asati- (mc. also te-; perfect tense uvāsa-, ūṣuḥ- etc.; parasmE-pada vāvasāna- ; -vāsāṃ cakre- ; Aorist avātsīt- ; avāksam- [where it is artificially connected with vāc-]; avāstam- ; future vastā- grammar; vatsyati-, te- etc.; vasiṣyati- ; infinitive mood vastum-, vasitum- etc.; ind.p. uṣitv/ā- ; uṣṭvā- ; -/uṣya- etc.), to dwell, live, stop (at a place), stay (especially "overnight" , with or without rātrim-or rātrīs-) etc. ; to remain, abide with or in (with locative case of Persian; locative case or accusative of place, especially with vāsam-or vasatim-) etc. ; to remain or keep on or continue in any condition (with a pp., exempli gratia, 'for example' with channa-,"to continue to be covered" ;or with an accusative,with brahmacaryam-,"to practise chastity" ;or with an adverb exempli gratia, 'for example' with sukham-,"to live pleasantly or at ease";with or without dūratas-,"to keep aloof") etc. ; to have sexual intercourse with (locative case) ; to rest upon (locative case) ; to charge or entrust with (instrumental case) ; cl.10 P. vasayati-, to dwell : Passive voice uṣyate- (Aorist avāsi-), to be dwelt etc. etc.: Causal vās/ayati-, te- (confer, compare ; Aorist avīvasat- : Passive voice vāsy/ate- , ti- ), to cause to halt or stay (overnight), lodge, receive hospitably or as a guest etc. ; to cause to have sexual intercourse with (locative case) ; to let anything stand overnight (with tisro-, scilicet ratrīs-,"three nights") ; to cause to wait, keep in suspense ; to delay, retard ; to cause to exist, preserve ; to cause to be inhabited, populate (a country) ; to put in, place upon (locative case) (anadhyāyam mukhe-,to put restraint on the mouth, refrain from speaking) ; to produce : Desiderative vivatsati-, to wish to dwell : Intensive vāvasyate-, vāvasti-, to remain, be in, be engaged in [ confer, compare Gothic wisan; German wësan,ge-wesen,waretc.; Anglo-Saxon wësan; English was,were.] | ||||||
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| vas | (also written bas-) cl.4 P. vasyati-, to be or make firm  | ||||||
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| vāś | cl.4 A1. () vāśyate- (Epic also vāśyati-,Ved. and Epic also v/āśati-, te-; perfect tense vavāśe-, śire-;in also vāvaśre-and p. vāvaśān/a-; Aorist avāśiṣṭa- ; future vāśitā-, vāśiṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood vāśitum- ; ind.p. vāśitvā-, -vāśya- ), to roar, howl, bellow, bleat, low (as a cow), cry, shriek, sing (like a bird), sound, resound etc. etc.: Causal vāśayati- (Aorist avavāśat-,in also avīvaśat-, /avīvaśanta-), to cause to roar or low or resound or thunder ; (A1.) to roar or sound aloud : Desiderative vivāśiṣate- grammar : Intensive vāvāśyate- (varia lectio rārāśyate- ), vāvaṣṭi- (imperfect tense Aorist /avāvaśanta-, vāvaśanta-, avāvaśītām-; parasmE-pada v/āvaśat-), to roar or scream or sound aloud ([ vāś-is sometimes wrongly written vās-.])  | ||||||
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| ve | (see ) v/ayati-, te- (perfect tense parasmE-pada vavau-or uvāya-;2. sg. uvayitha- grammar;3. plural vavuḥ- ; ūvuḥ- ; ūyuḥ- ; A1. vave-, ūve-, ūye- grammar; Aorist avāsīt-, avāsta- grammar; preceding ūyāt-, vāsīṣṭa- ; future vātā- ; vāsyati-, te- ; vayiṣy/ati- ; infinitive mood /otum-, /otave-, /otav/ai- ; v/ātave- ), to weave, interweave, braid, plait (figuratively to string or join together artificially, make, compose exempli gratia, 'for example' speeches, hymns) etc. ; to make into a cover, into a web or web-like covering, overspread as with a web (said of a cloud-like mass of arrows filling the air) : Passive voice ūyate- (Aorist avāyi-) grammar : Causal vāyayati- : Desiderative vivāsati-, te- : Intensive vāvāyate-, vāveti-, vāvāti-  | ||||||
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| vid | cl.2 P. () vetti- (vidmahe- ; vedati-, te- ; vid/ati-, te- etc.; vindati-, te- etc.; imperative vidāṃ-karotu- [ confer, compare ];1. sg. imperfect tense avedam-,2. sg. avet-or aves-[ ] etc.;3. plural avidus- [ confer, compare ]; avidan- etc.; perfect tense v/eda-[often substituted for proper vetti- confer, compare ], 3. plural vid/us-or vidre- ; viveda- etc.; vidāṃcak/āra- etc.[ confer, compare ; according to to also vidām-babhūva-]; Aorist avedīt- ; vidām-akran- ; future vedit/ā- ; vettā- future vediṣyati-, te- ; vetsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood v/editum-, tos- ; vettum- etc.; ind.p. viditv/ā- etc.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become or be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with accusative,in older, language also with genitive case;with infinitive mood = to know how to) etc. (viddhi yathā-,"know that"; vidyāt-,"one should know","it should be understood"; ya evam veda-[in ],"who knows thus","who has this knowledge") ; to know or regard or consider as, take for, declare to be, call (especially in 3. plural vidus-,with two accusative or with accusative and Nominal verb with iti-, exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ sthaviraṃ viduḥ-,"they consider or call him aged"; rājarṣir iti māṃ viduḥ-,"they consider me a rājarṣi-") etc. ; to mind, notice, observe, remember (with genitive case or accusative) ; to experience, feel (accusative or genitive case) etc. ; to wish to know, inquire about (accusative) : Causal ved/ayate- (rarely ti-; Aorist avīvidat-; Passive voice vedyate-), to make known, announce, report, tell etc. ; to teach, explain ; to recognize or regard as, take for (two accusative) etc. ; to feel, experience etc.: Desiderative of Causal in vivedayiṣu- q.v : Desiderative vividiṣati- or vivitsati-, to wish to know or learn, inquire about (acc) : Intensive vevidyate-, vevetti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek for , for equals veda-; Latin videre; Slavonic or Slavonian ve8de8ti; Gothic witan,wait; German wizzan,wissen; Anglo-Saxon wa7t; English wot.])  | ||||||
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| vid | (originally identical with) vind/ati-, te- (Vedic or Veda also vitt/e-, vid/e-; parasmE-pada vidān/a-or vidāna-[ q.v ]; Epic 3. plural vindate- Potential vindyāt-,often equals vidyāt-; perfect tense viv/eda-[3. plural vividus- subjunctive vividat-], vividv/as-,3. plural vividre-, vidr/e- etc.; parasmE-pada vividv/as- ; vividivas- ; Aorist /avidat-, data- [ Vedic or Veda subjunctive vid/āsi-, d/āt-; Potential vid/et-, deta- ;3. sg. videṣṭa- ]; A1.1. sg. avitsi- ; future vettā-, vediṣyati- grammar; vetsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood vid/e- ; vettum- etc.; v/ettave- ; ttavai-[?] and tos- ; ind.p. vittv/ā- ; -vidya- etc.) , to find, discover, meet or fall in with, obtain, get, acquire, partake of, possess etc. etc. (with diśas-,to find out the quarters of she sky ) ; to get or procure for (dative case) ; to seek out, look for, attend to etc. ; to feel, experience ; to consider as, take for (two accusative) ; to come upon, befall, seize, visit ; to contrive, accomplish, perform, effect, produce ; (A1. mc. also P.) to take to wife, marry (with or scilicet bhāryām-) etc. ; to find (a husband), marry (said of a woman) ; to obtain (a son, with or scilicet sutam-) : Passive voice or A1. vidy/ate- (Epic also ti-; parasmE-pada vidyamāna-[ q.v ]; Aorist avedi-), to be found, exist, be etc. ; (especially in later language) vidyate-,"there is, there exists", often with na-,"there is not" ; with bhoktum-,"there is something to eat" ; followed by a future ,"is it possible that?" ; yathā-vid/e-,"as it happens" id est "as usual","as well as possible" : Causal vedayati-, to cause to find etc. : Desiderative vividiṣati- or vivitsati-, te- grammar (see vivitsita-): Intensive vevidyate-, vevetti- (for parasmE-pada v/evidat-and dāna-See vi--and saṃ | ||||||
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| vidas | P. -dasyati-, or -dasati-, to waste away, become exhausted, come to an end ; to be wanting, fail (with ablative of Persian)  | ||||||
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| vinaś | P. -naśati-, or -naśyati- (future -naśiṣyati-or -naṅkṣyati-; infinitive mood -naśitum-or -naṃṣṭum-), to be utterly lost, perish, disappear, vanish etc. ; to come to nothing, be frustrated or foiled ; to be deprived of (ablative) ; to destroy, annihilate : Causal -nāśayati- (Aorist vy-anīnaśat-), to cause to be utterly lost or ruined or to disappear or vanish etc. etc. (once in with genitive case for accusative) ; to frustrate, disappoint, render ineffective (a weapon) ; to suffer to be lost or ruined ; (Aorist) to be lost, perish  | ||||||
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| vinyas | P. -asyati- (rarely -asati-), to put or place down in different places, spread out, distribute, arrange etc. ; to put down, deposit, place or lay on, fix in, turn or direct towards, apply to (locative case) etc. ; to mark or designate by (instrumental case) ; to entrust or make over to (locative case)  | ||||||
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| vipaś | P. -paśyati- (rarely te-), to see in different places or in detail, discern, distinguish ; to observe, perceive, learn, know | ||||||
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| vipraṇaś | (2 naś-) P. -ṇaśyati-, -ṇaśati-, to be lost, perish, disappear ; to have no effect or result, bear no fruit : Causal -ṇāśayati-, to cause to be lost or perish  | ||||||
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| vitras | P. -trasati-, -trasyati-, to tremble, be frightened etc.: Causal -trāsayati-, to cause to tremble, terrify | ||||||
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| vṛdh | cl.1 A1. () v/ardhate- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also ti-; perfect tense vav/ardha-, vavṛdhe- etc. etc. [Ved. also vā; vāvṛdh/ete- ; parasmE-pada vā ; Aorist Ved. avṛdhat-, vṛdhātas-, dhātu-; parasmE-pada vṛdh/at-, dhān/a-]; avardhiṣṭa- etc.; preceding vardhiṣīm/ahi- ; future vardhitā- grammar; vartsyati- ; vardhiṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood Ved. vṛdhe-["for increase","to make glad"], vṛdh/ase-, vāvṛdh/adhyai-; Classical vardhitum-; ind.p. vṛddhvā-,or vardhitvā- grammar;in ; to elevate, exalt, gladden, cheer, exhilarate (especially the gods, with praise or sacrifice) ; (intrans. A1.; in Vedic or Veda P.in perfect tense and Aorist; in Class. P.in Aorist future and Conditional; also P. mc. in other forms) , to grow, grow up, increase, be filled or extended, become longer or stronger, thrive, prosper, succeed etc. ; to rise, ascend (as the scale in ordeals) ; to be exalted or elevated, feel animated or inspired or excited by (instrumental case locative case genitive case) or in regard to (dative case), become joyful, have cause for congratulation (vṛdhaḥ-, dhat-in sacrificial formulas ="mayest thou or may he prosper";in later language often with diṣṭyā-) etc. etc.: Causal vardh/ayati-, te- (in later language also vardhāpayati-; Aorist Ved. avīvṛdhat-, dhata-), to cause to increase or grow, augment, increase, make larger or longer, heighten, strengthen, further, promote (A1."for one's self") etc. ; to rear, cherish, foster, bring up ; to elevate, raise to power, cause to prosper or thrive etc. ; to exalt, magnify, glorify (especially the gods), make joyful, gladden (A1.in Vedic or Veda also = to rejoice, be joyful, take delight in [instr.], enjoy etc.;with. or scilicet diṣṭyā-) to congratulate ; (cl.10. according to to ) "to speak" or "to shine" (bhāṣā  | ||||||
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| vyadh | cl.4 P. () v/idhyati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense parasmE-pada vivyādha- etc.;3. plural vivyadhuḥ- , vividhuḥ- ; A1. vivyadhe- ; parasmE-pada vividhv/as- ; Aorist vyātsīḥ- ; preceding vidhyāt- grammar; future veddhā-, vetsyati-, te- ; vyaddhā-, vyatsyati- grammar; infinitive mood veddhum- ; -vidhe- ; ind.p. viḍḍhvā-, -vidhya- ), to pierce, transfix, hit, strike, wound etc. ; (with sirām-) to open a vein, bleed ; to pelt with (instrumental case) ; to inflict, attach to, affect with (accusative of Persian and instrumental case of thing) ; to shake, wave ; (in astronomy) to fix the position of a heavenly body ; to cling to (accusative) : Causal vyā ; to cause to pierce or perforate : Desiderative vivyatsati-, to wish to affect or taint with (instrumental case) : Intensive vevidhyate- or vāvyaddhi- (?) grammar | ||||||
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| vyas | as- P. -asyati- (Epic perfect tense vivyāsa-as if fr. a etc. | ||||||
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| vyavaso | P. -syati- (Epic also -syate-[with act. and pass. meaning];1. sg. proper -sāmi-; Potential -seyam-, -set-; future -siṣyati-), to settle down or dwell separately ; to differ (in opinion), contest, quarrel ; to separate, divide (opp. to sam- ; to determine, resolve, decide, be willing to (accusative dative case, artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',or infinitive mood) etc. ; to settle, ascertain, be convinced or persuaded of take for (accusative) etc. ; to ponder, reflect, consider ; to make strenuous effort, labour or seek after, make an attempt upon (accusative) : Passive voice -sīyate-, to be settled or ascertained or fixed on or determined or decided (often impersonal or used impersonally) etc.: Causal -sāyayati-, to cause to resolve, encourage to undertake, embolden ; to incite or instigate to (infinitive mood) | ||||||
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| vye | cl.1 P. A1. () vy/ayati-, te- (perfect tense P. vivyāya-,2. sg. vivyayitha- grammar;2. dual number vivyathus- ; A1. vivy/e- -vyay/āṃ cakāra- ; Aorist avyat-, avyata- ; avyāsīt-, avyāsta- grammar; preceding vīyāt-, vyāsīṣṭa- ; future vyātā- ; vyāsyati-, te- ; vyayiṣye- ; ind.p. -v/īya- etc.; -vāya- grammar), to cover, clothe, wrap, envelop (A1. also,"one's self") : Pass. vīy/ate- (pr. p. vīy/amāna-), to be covered etc. : Causal vyāyayati- grammar : Desiderative vivyāsati-, te- ; Intensive vevīyate-, vāvyeti-, vāvyā  | ||||||
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| vyudas | P. -asyati-, to throw about, scatter ; to discharge, emit ; to cast off, reject, give up, abandon  | ||||||
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| vyupās | ( -upa-- 2 as-) P. -upā | ||||||
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| yā | (collateral form of) y/āti- (1. plural yāmahe- ; imperfect tense 3. plural ayuḥ- ; ayān- Scholiast or Commentator; perfect tense yay/au-, yay/ātha-, yay/a-, yay/uḥ- etc.; yaye- ; Aorist ayāsam-or ayāsiṣam-; subjunctive y/āsat-, yeṣam-, yāsiṣat- ; preceding yāsiṣīṣṭhās- ; future yātā- etc.; yāsyati- ; te- ; infinitive mood yātum- etc.;Ved. infinitive mood y/ai-, y/ātave-or v/ai-; ind.p. yātv/ā- ; -y/āya-, -yāyam- ), to go, proceed, move, walk, set out, march, advance, travel, journey (often with instrumental case or accusative of the way, especially with gatim-, mārgam-, adhvānam-, panthānam-, padavīm-, yātrām-) etc. ; to go away, withdraw, retire etc. ; (also with palā (with kṣemeṇa-or svasti-,to escape unscathed ) ; to go towards or against, go or come to, enter, approach, arrive at, reach etc. etc. (with accusative often followed by prati- exempli gratia, 'for example' with gṛham-,to enter a house;with ripum prati-,to march against the enemy;with mṛgayām-,to go out hunting;with śirasāmahīm-,to bow down to the ground with the head;with prakṛtim-,to return to one's natural state;with karṇau-,to come to the ears, be heard;with utsavād utsavam-,to go from one festival to another;with hastam- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',to fall into the hands of;with patham-or gocaram- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',to come within range of; especially with the accusative of an abstract noun = to go to any state or condition, become, be exempli gratia, 'for example' vināśaṃ yāti-,he goes to destruction id est he is destroyed; kāṭhinyaṃ yāti-,it becomes hard; dveṣyatāṃ yāti-,he becomes hated;similarly nidhanaṃ-;or even with dative case exempli gratia, 'for example' yayatuḥ sva-niveśāya-,both went home ; na cā; phalebhyo yāti-,he goes to [fetch] fruits Scholiast or Commentator) ; to go to for any request, implore, solicit (with two accusative) ; (with striyam-) to go to a woman for sexual intercourse ; to go to for any purpose (infinitive mood) ; often with adverbs exempli gratia, 'for example' with bahir-, to go out ; with adho-, to go down, sink ; with khaṇḍaśo- or dalaśo-, to fall to pieces ; with śata-dhā-, to fall into a hundred pieces ; to extend to (accusative) ; to last for (accusative) ; to pass away, elapse (said of time) etc. ; to vanish, disappear (as wealth) ; to come to pass, prosper, succeed ; to proceed, behave, act ; to find out, discover ; to receive or learn (a science) from (ablative) ; to undertake, undergo (accusative) ; imperative yātu-, be it as it may : Passive voice yāyate-, to be gone or moved : Causal yāp/ayati- (Aorist ayīyapat-), to cause to depart, cause to go or march, dismiss ; to cause to go towards (accusative) (see yāpita-) ; to direct (the gaze) towards (locative case) (varia lectio pātayati-) ; to drive away remove, cure (a disease) ; to cause to pass or elapse, pass or spend (time) etc. ; to live (pāli- yāpeti-) ; to cause to subsist, support, maintain ; to induce : Desiderative yiyāsati-, to intend or be about to go, desire to proceed etc.: Intensive īyāyate- (?) , to move ; yāyayate-, yāyeti-, yāyāti- grammar | ||||||
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| yadi | ind. (in veda- also y/adī-,sometimes yadi cit-, yadi ha vai-, y/ad/ī etc. etc. In the earlier language yadi- may be joined with Indic. subjunctive or leṭ- Potential , or future , the consequent clause of the conditional sentence being generally without any particle. In the later language yadi- may be joined with present tense (followed in consequent clause by another present tense exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi jīvati bhadrāṇi paśyati-,"if he lives he beholds prosperity", or by future or by imperative or by Potential or by no verb) ; or it may be joined with Potential (exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi rājā daṇḍaṃ na praṇayet-,"if the king were not to inflict punishment", followed by another Potential or by Conditional or by present tense or by imperative or by future or by no verb) ; or it may be joined with future (exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi na kariṣyanti tat-,"if they will not do that", followed by another future or by present tense or by imperative or by no verb) ; or it may be joined with Conditional (exempli gratia, 'for example' yady anujñām adāsyat-,"if he should give permission", followed by another Conditional or by Potential or by Aorist) ; or it may be joined with Aorist (exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi prajā-patir na vapur arsrākṣīt-,"if the Creator had not created the body", followed by Conditional or by Potential or by perfect tense) ; or it may be joined with imperative or even with perfect tense (exempli gratia, 'for example' yady āha-,"if he had said") . There may be other constructions, and in the consequent clauses some one of the following may be used: atha-, atra-, tad-, tena-, tatas-, tataḥ param-, tadā-, tarhi-, tadānīm-. Observe that yadi- may sometimes = "as sure as"(especially in asseverations, followed by imperative with or without tathā-or tena-or followed by Potential with tad-) etc.; or it may ="whether"(followed by present tense or Potential or no verb exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi-na vā-,"whether-or not", and sometimes kim-is added) ; or it may ="that"(after verbs of"not believing"or"doubting" , with present tense or Potential exempli gratia, 'for example' nā) ; or if placed after duṣkaraṃ- or kathaṃ cid- it may ="hardly","scarcely" ; or it may = "if perchance","perhaps"(with Potential with or without iti-,or with future or present tense) etc. The following are other combinations: yadi tāvat-,"how would it be if"(with present tense or imperative) | ||||||
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| yam | cl.1 P. () y/acchati- (Vedic or Veda also te-,and Vedic or Veda Epic y/amati-, te-; perfect tense yayāma-, yeme-;2. sg. yayantha-,3. plural yem/uḥ-, yemir/e- etc.;3. dual number irreg. -yamatuḥ- ; Aorist /ayān-, /ayamuh-; imperative yaṃsi-, yandh/i-; Potential yamyās-, yamīmahi- ; /ayāṃsam-, ayāṃsi-, /ayaṃsta- subjunctive yaṃsat-, satas-, sate- ;3. sg. -y/amiṣṭa- ; ayaṃsiṣam- grammar; future yantā- ; yaṃsyati-, yamiṣyati- etc. infinitive mood y/antum-, yamitum- ; y/antave-, y/amitav/ai- ; ind.p. yatvā-, yamitvā- etc.; y/atya- ; -yamya- ; -y/amam- ), to sustain, hold, hold up, support (A1."one's self";with locative case"to be founded on") ; to raise, wield (a weapon etc.; A1.with āyudhaih-,"to brandish weapons") ; to raise, extend or hold (as a screen etc.) over (dative case) ; (A1.) to extend one's self before (dative case) ; to raise (the other scale), weigh more ; to stretch out, expand, spread, display, show ; to hold or keep in, hold back, restrain, check, curb, govern, subdue, control etc. ; to offer ; confer, grant, bestow on (dative case or locative case), present with (instrumental case) etc. ; (with mārgam-), to make way for (genitive case) ; (with prati-and ablative), to give anything in exchange for anything on ; (A1.) to give one's self up to, be faithful to, obey (dative case) ; to raise, utter (a sound etc.) ; to fix, establish ; (A1.) to be firm, not budge ; to catch fire (Scholiast or Commentator) : Passive voice yamy/ate- (Aorist /ayā-mī-), to be raised or lifted up or held back or restrained etc. etc.: Causal yāmayati- (), yamayati- ( etc.; te- ; Aorist ayīyamat-), to restrain, hold in, control, keep or put in order: Desiderative yiyaṃsati-, to wish to restrain etc. : Intensive yaṃyamīti- (See ud-, Va1rtt. 2 ) ([ confer, compare Greek ,"restraint, punishment."])  | ||||||
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| yas | cl.4 P. () yā; imperative -yayastu- ; grammar also perfect tense yayāsa-; Aorist ayasat-; future yasitā-, yasiṣyati-; infinitive mood yasitum-; ind.p. yasitvā-,or yastvā-), to froth up, foam (confer, compare ; to strive after (dative case) (varia lectio): Causal yāsayati- (Aorist ayīyasat-) grammar : Desiderative yiyasiṣati- : Intensive yāyasyate-, yāyasti- [Ct. Greek etc.]  | ||||||
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| yudh | cl.4 A1. () y/udhyate- (rarely P. ti-; cl.1 P. yodhati- ; imperative y/otsi- ; perfect tense yuy/odha-, yuyudh/e- etc.; Aorist Ved. yodhi-, yodhat-, yodhān/a-; ayodhīt-, yodhiṣat-; yutsmahi-; Epic yotsīs-;Class. ayuddha-; future yoddhā- ; yotsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood yudh/e-or yudh/aye- ; yudham- ; yoddhum- ; ind.p. -yuddhvī- ; -yudhya- ), to fight, wage war, oppose or (rarely) overcome in battle ; to fight with (instrumental case,also with saha-, samam-) or for (locative case) or against (accusative) etc. ; (y/udhyati-), to go ; to move, fluctuate (as waves) (confer, compare on ) : Passive voice yudhyate-, to be fought (also impersonal or used impersonally) (varia lectio): Causal yodh/ayati- (; mc. also te-; Aorist ayūyudhat- ; Passive voice yodhyate- ), to cause to fight, lead to war, engage in battle etc. ; to oppose or overcome in war, be a match for (accusative) etc. ; to defend : Desiderative y/uyutsati-, te- (P.in Class. only mc.) , to be desirous or anxious to fight, wish to fight with (instrumental case) etc.: Causal of Desiderative yuyutsayati-, to make desirous of fighting : Intensive yoyudhyate-, yoyoddhi- (confer, compare yavīy/udh-) grammar ([ confer, compare Zend yud; Greek .])  | ||||||
2 results
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| payasya | पयस्य a. 1 Milky, made of milk. -2 Watery. -स्यः A cat. -स्या Curds. पयस्यति payasyati पयायते payāyatē पयस्यति पयायते Den, P. To flow, to act like milk; कामं मदीक्षामयकामधेनोः पयायतामभ्युदयस्त्वदीयः N.14.79. |
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| yaśasya | यशस्य a. [यशसे हितं यत्] 1 Leading to glory or distinction; आयुष्यं प्राङ्मुखो भुङ्क्ते यशस्यं दक्षिणामुखः Ms.2.52. -2 Renowned, famous; glorious; धन्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं वातिथिपूजनम् Ms.3.16. -स्था N. of a plant (जीवन्ती). यशस्यति yaśasyati यशस्काम्यति yaśaskāmyati यशस्यति यशस्काम्यति Den. P. To long for fame. |
2 results
1 result
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| svatantra | n. (self-authority), inde pendence, freedom; a. free, independent, un controlled: w. pada, n. independent word: -tâ, f. independence, freedom; originality; -tantraya, den. subject to one'swill; (á) tavas, a. V.: self-strong, inherently powerful; valiant; -tas, ad. of oneself, of one's own ac cord; by nature; out of one's own estate: svato &zip; msât, from one's own share, raksher apakâram svatah parato vâ,guard your self and others against transgression; -tâ, f. ownership: -m pasyati, believes that every thing belongs to or is meant for him, râga svatam upapadyate, accrues to the king; -tvá, n. proprietary right to (lc.; C.); inde pendence (V.). |
Concordance
1 result0 results109 results
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| ava | syati dvivartanir vaneṣāṭ RV.10.61.20b. |
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| agniḥ | paśur āsīt tenāyajanta (KSA. -yajata) sa etaṃ lokam ajayad yasminn agniḥ sa te loko bhaviṣyati (TS.KSA. sa te lokas) taṃ jeṣyasi # VS.23.17; TS.5.7.26.1; KSA.5.4; śB.13.2.17.13. P: agniḥ paśur āsīt TB.3.9.4.8; Apś.20.17.2; agniḥ paśuḥ Kś.20.6.8. |
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| agnir | hi devāṃ amṛto duvasyati # RV.3.3.1c. |
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| addhātir | yasya paśyati # AVś.6.76.2c. |
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| adhi | tvā sthāsyati # VS.6.2; MS.1.2.14: 23.12; śB.3.7.1.9. See vanaspatir adhi, and vanaspatis tvādhi-. |
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| anehasa | (MS. anehasaḥ) stubha indro duvasyati # RV.3.51.3b; MS.4.12.3b: 184.1. |
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| antikād | iva paśyati # AVś.4.16.1b. |
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| anti | santaṃ na paśyati # AVś.10.8.32b. |
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| annaṃ | praviṣyāmi (for bhaviṣyāmi ?) # PB.1.3.6. Cf. madhu bhaviṣyati. |
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| apacit | pra patiṣyati # AVś.6.83.3b; AVP.1.21.4b. |
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| abhi | yo na irasyati (AVś.AVP. no durasyati) # RV.10.174.2d; AVś.1.29.2d; AVP.1.11.2d. |
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| abhi | yo no durasyati # see abhi yo na irasyati. |
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| ayam | agnir uruṣyati # RV.10.176.4a; TS.3.5.11.1a; MS.4.10.4a: 152.1; KS.15.12a; AB.1.28.17. P: ayam agniḥ Mś.5.2.8.5. |
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| asaṃyatto | vrate te kṣeti puṣyati # RV.1.83.3c; AVś.20.25.3c; AB.1.29.11. |
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| ājyair | ghṛtair juhoti puṣyati # RV.10.79.5b. |
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| ātmann | (īśāU. ātmany) evānupaśyati # VS.40.6b; īśāU.6b. See ātmānaṃ devam. |
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| ātmā | tvā hāsyati # Apś.10.2.11. |
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| ātmā | yakṣmasya naśyati (AVP. -tu) # RV.10.97.11c; AVP.11.6.7c; VS.12.85c; TS.4.2.6.2c; MS.2.7.13c: 93.18; KS.16.13c; N.3.15. |
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| ādityaḥ | pratipaśyati # Mś.11.1.5d. |
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| ā | paśyati prati paśyati # AVś.4.20.1a. P: ā paśyati Kauś.8.25; 28.7. See next. |
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| āpṛchyaṃ | kratum ā kṣeti puṣyati # RV.1.64.13d. |
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| idaṃ | vedāma yathedaṃ bhaviṣyati svāhā # AVP.2.29.1--6. |
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| indrāviṣṇū | sutapā vām uruṣyati # RV.1.155.2b; N.11.8b. |
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| iyakṣati | haryato hṛtta iṣyati # RV.10.11.6b; AVś.18.1.23b. |
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| iyaṃ | karma kariṣyati # GG.2.6.8. |
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| ireva | nopa dasyati # AVś.3.29.6a. |
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| utādhītaṃ | vi naśyati # RV.1.170.1d; N.1.6d. |
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| uto | rayiḥ pṛṇato nopa dasyati # RV.10.117.1c. |
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| udgātar | apa tvā vṛṇe śatena ca niṣkeṇa cāśvo ma udgāsyati # Lś.9.9.19. |
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| un | neṣyati kṣatriyo vasya ichan # AVś.7.103.1b. |
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| upalāyāṃ | dṛṣadi dhārayiṣyati # Mś.1.3.5.13b. See āśiśleṣa. |
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| ṛtāya | citraṃ ghṛtavantam iṣyati # RV.1.34.10d. |
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| ka | idaṃ śaṃsiṣyati sa idaṃ śaṃsiṣyati # AB.2.38.14; 5.9.1. |
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| ka | idam agnīd bhaviṣyati sa idam agnīd bhaviṣyati # Apś.2.15.2. |
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| ka | idam adhvaryur bhaviṣyati sa idam adhvaryur bhaviṣyati # Apś.2.15.1. |
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| ka | idam anuvakṣyati sa idam anuvakṣyati # Aś.1.2.1. |
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| ka | idam udgāsyati sa idam udgāsyati # JB.1.327. |
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| kas | te pratipaśyati # Mś.11.1.5b. |
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| kāle | cakṣur vi paśyati # AVś.19.53.6d; AVP.11.8.6d. |
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| ko | antarikṣāt pari paśyatīdam # AVP.13.8.4a. |
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| kṣemeṇa | mitro varuṇaṃ duvasyati # RV.7.82.5c. |
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| garbhān | āṇḍāni bhetsyati # Kauś.116.7d. Cf. abhaitsam. |
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| grāhiḥ | kila tvā grahīṣyati kilāsaśīrṣaḥ # AVP.5.21.2d. |
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| glaur | itaḥ pra patiṣyati # AVś.6.83.3c; AVP.1.21.4c. P: glauḥ Kauś.31.20. |
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| cakṣur | upāvadhīś cakṣus tvā hāsyati # Apś.10.2.11. |
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| caturjālaṃ | brahmakośaṃ yaṃ mṛtyur nāvapaśyati taṃ prapadye # TA.2.19.1. |
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| cikitvāṃ | abhi paśyati # RV.1.25.11b. |
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| cikitvāṃ | ava paśyati # RV.8.6.29b. |
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| jyok | ca paśyāti (PG. -āsi; VārG. -asi; MG. -ati) sūryam (MG. -aḥ) # AG.1.17.13b; PG.2.1.16b; ApMB.2.1.5b; MG.1.21.6b; JG.1.11b; VārG.4.16b. See māṃ ca paśyasi. |
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| tam | akratuḥ paśyati vītaśokaḥ # KU.2.20c. Cf. next. |
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| tam | akratuṃ paśyati vītaśokaḥ # TA.10.10.1c; MahānU.8.3c; śvetU.3.20c. Cf. prec. |
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| taraṇir | ij jayati kṣeti puṣyati # RV.7.32.9c. |
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| tasya | sādhvīr iṣavo yābhir asyati # RV.2.24.8c. |
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| dadṛśāno | nijasyati # AVP.4.16.6b. |
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| dadvāṃ | vā yat puṣyati rekṇaḥ # RV.10.132.3c. |
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| dātraṃ | yan nopadasyati # RV.8.43.33b. |
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| dīrghaprayajyum | ati yo vanuṣyati # RV.7.82.1c; TS.2.5.12.3c; MS.4.12.4c: 187.2; N.5.2. See next. |
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| devī | devān gamiṣyati # AVś.10.9.11b. |
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| devo | martam uruṣyati # RV.6.14.5b. |
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| dhenur | vātra ya sthāsyati # AVP.5.1.5c. |
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| na | cakṣuṣā paśyati kaś śanainam # TA.10.1.3b; MahānU.1.11d; KU.6.9d; śvetU.4.20d. |
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| na | taṃ kaś cana paśyati # śB.14.7.1.15b; BṛhU.4.3.15b. |
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| na | nāmayati na rudati na hṛṣyati na glāyati yatra vayaṃ vadāmo yatra cābhimṛśāmasi # PG.1.16.25. |
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| na | paśyo (MU. paśyan) mṛtyuṃ paśyati # ChU.7.26.2a; MU.7.11a. |
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| na | riṣyati na vyathate # TA.1.11.7a. |
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| na | riṣyati savanaṃ yasminn āyatā # RV.5.44.9b. |
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| na | sa riṣyāti pūruṣaḥ # RV.10.97.17d; AVś.6.109.2d; AVP.8.8.6d; 11.7.4d; 15.15.3d; VS.12.91d; TS.4.2.6.5d; MS.2.7.13d: 94.14; KS.16.13d. |
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| na | sredhati na vyathate na riṣyati # RV.5.54.7b. |
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| nāti | paśyati kaś cana # AVś.4.5.2b. |
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| nāryamaṇaṃ | puṣyati no sakhāyam # RV.10.117.6c; TB.2.8.8.3c. |
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| nimaṅkṣye | 'haṃ salilasya madhye # AB.8.21.10c. See upamaṅkṣyati. |
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| patni | kati te kāntā yadi mithyā vakṣyasi priyatamas te saṃsthāsyati # Mś.1.7.4.11. Cf. next. |
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| parā | paśyati paśyati (AVP. paśyasi paśyasi) # AVś.4.20.1b; AVP.8.6.1b. |
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| pavamāno | daśasyati (SV. diśas-) # RV.9.3.5b; SV.2.609b. |
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| paśubhiś | copa dasyati # AVś.12.4.2b. |
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| punāno | vācam iṣyati (RV.9.64.25b, -si) # RV.9.30.1c; 64.25b. |
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| pūṣṇaś | cakraṃ na riṣyati # RV.6.54.3a. |
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| prajā | tvā hāsyati # Apś.10.2.11. |
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| prayastā | phenam asyati # RV.3.53.22d. |
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| pra | vācam indur iṣyati # RV.9.12.6a; SV.2.551a. Cf. pra vājam. |
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| pra | vājam indur iṣyati # RV.9.35.4a. Cf. pra vācam. |
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| prāṇas | tvā hāsyati # Apś.10.2.11. |
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| phālāj | jātaḥ kariṣyati # AVś.10.6.2b. |
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| brahmaṇārvāṅ | vi paśyati # AVś.10.8.19b. |
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| bhuvanā | saṃ ca paśyati # RV.3.62.9b; 10.187.4b; AVś.6.34.4b. |
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| bhūte | bhaviṣyati jāte janiṣyamāṇa ābhajāmi # Aś.1.2.1. |
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| madhu | bhaviṣyati # JB.1.88. Cf. annaṃ praviṣyāmi. |
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| madhya | āpasya tiṣṭhati (JB. madhya āpasyati) # SV.2.1006b; JB.2.145b. |
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| manas | tvā hāsyati # Apś.10.2.11. |
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| mayā | so annam (AVś. 'nnam) atti yo vipaśyati # RV.10.125.4a; AVś.4.30.4a. |
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| mahad | brahma vadiṣyati # AVś.1.32.1b; AVP.1.23.1b. |
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| maho | vai no bhaviṣyati # AVś.11.4.5d. |
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| māṃ | ca paśyasi sūryaṃ ca # VārG.15.22c. See jyok ca paśyāti. |
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| mṛdukaṃ | vādayiṣyati # Lś.4.2.8b. |
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| ya | iha nāneva paśyati # śB.14.7.2.22b; BṛhU.4.4.22b; KU.4.10d,11d. |
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| yac | ca paśyati cakṣuṣā # AVś.11.7.23b. |
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| yac | cāto 'dhibhaviṣyati # TB.3.12.8.3b. |
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| yathā | kuṣṭhaḥ prayasyati # AVP.9.28.3a. |
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| yathā | viśvaṃ bhuvanaṃ dhārayiṣyati # RV.4.54.4b. |
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| yathā | śuṣyāti tvām anu # AVP.3.28.4d. |
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| yathevāṅga | bhaviṣyati # RV.10.86.7b; AVś.20.126.7b. |
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| yadaitam | anupaśyati # śB.14.7.2.18a; BṛhU.4.14.18a. |
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| yaś | ca tiṣṭhan vipaśyati # AVś.4.5.5b; AVP.4.6.5b. See yaś ca paśyati. |
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| yaś | ca paśyati no janaḥ # RV.7.55.6b. See yaś ca tiṣṭhan. |
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| yas | tan na veda (AVś. erroneously, -daṃ) kim ṛcā kariṣyati # RV.1.164.39c; AVś.9.10.18c; TB.3.10.9.14c; TA.2.11.1c; śvetU.4.8c; NṛpU.4.2c; 5.2c; N.13.10c. |
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| yasmin | vīro na riṣyati # AVś.14.2.8c; ApMB.1.6.11c. |
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| yāḥ | kāś cābhivipaśyati # AVP.9.16.4d. |
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| yāvac | cābhivipaśyati # AVP.4.22.4b; 9.10.12b. See yāvat sūryo vipaśyati. |
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| yāvat | sūryo vipaśyati # AVś.10.10.34d; AVP.8.9.4d. See yāvac cābhivipaśyati. |
4 results
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| syati | noun (masculine) [gramm.] the verb so/syā Frequency rank 31186/72933 | |
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| apasyati | noun (masculine) name of a son of Manu Frequency rank 43740/72933 | |
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| asyati | noun (masculine) [gramm.] root as Frequency rank 32922/72933 | |
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| matarahasyatilaka | noun (neuter) name of a text (??) Frequency rank 61225/72933 | |
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