P. (parasmE-pada-r/ohat-; ind.p.-ruhya-;also A1.exempli gratia, 'for example') to descend, alight, dismount ; "to descend from" id est to be deprived of (one's dominion, aiśvaryāt-) : Causal (imperfect tenseavāropayat-[ varia lectiorohayat-] ;Imper. 2. sg.-ropaya-pluralA1.-rohayadhvam-) to cause to descend, take down from (ablative): Passive voice-ropyate-, to be lowered or lessened
cl.7.P. A1. () bhin/atti-, bhintte- (imperfect tense 2. 3. sg./abhinat-; subjunctivebhin/aadaḥ-; imperativebindh/i-; binddhi- [ confer, comparebinddhi-lavaṇā-];cl.1. P.bh/edati-; Potentialbhideyam-; perfect tensebibh/eda-; Aorist , 2. 3. sg.bh/et-abhaitsīt-; bhitthās-; precedingbhitsīṣṭa-grammar; futurebhetsy/ati-, te- etc.; Conditionalabhetsyat-; futurebhettā-grammar; infinitive moodbh/ettav/ai-; bhettum- etc.; ind.p.bhittv/ā-, -bhidya- etc.) , to split, cleave, break, cut or rend asunder, pierce, destroy etc.,; to pass through (as a planet or, comet) ; to disperse (darkness) ; to transgress, violate, (a compact or alliance) etc. ; to open, expand ; to loosen, disentangle, dissolve etc. ; to disturb, interrupt, stop ; to disclose, betray etc. ; to disunite, set at variance ; to distinguish, discriminate : Passive voicebhidy/ate- (Epic also ti-Aoristabhedi- etc.; perfect tensebibhide-), to be split or broken, burst (intrans.) etc. ; to be opened (as a closed hand, eyes etc.) ; to overflow (as water) ; to be loosened, become loose ; to be stopped or interrupted ; to be disclosed or betrayed ; to be changed or altered (in mind), be won over ; to be disunited ; to keep aloof from (instrumental case) ; to be distinguished, differ from (ablative) etc.: Causalbhedayati-, te- (Aoristabībhidat-; confer, compare also bhidāpana-), to cause to split or break etc. ; to split, break, shatter, crush, destroy ; to separate, divide (Seebhedita-) ; to disunite, set at variance, perplex, unsettle (in opinion), seduce, win over : Desiderativeb/ibhitsati-, te-, to wish to break through or disperse or defeat (confer, compare, bibhitsā-): Desiderative of CausalSeebibhedayiṣu-: Intensivebebhidīti- or bebhetti-, to cleave repeatedly [ confer, compareLatin findo; German beissen; English bite.]
cl.1 P. A1.hrasati-, te- (only in present base; grammar also perfect tensejahrāsa-etc.) , to become short or small, be diminished or lessened etc. ; to descend from (ablative) ; (P.) to sound : Causalhrāsayati- (Aoristajihrasat-), to make small or less, shorten, curtail, diminish etc.: Desiderativejihrasiṣati-grammar : Intensivejāhrasyate-, jāhrasti-
f. low conduct, baseness, dishonesty, fraud, wickedness etc. (personified as a daughter of a-dharma- and mother of lobha-[ ],or as a sister of lobha- and daughter of dambha-[ ])
A1.-kampate-, to tremble, shake, quiver ; to become lax, be loosened ; to vibrate (said of sound) : Causal-kampayati-, to cause to tremble ; to swing, wave, brandish, shake
P. A1.-muñcati-, te-, to set free, let go, liberate, release from (ablative) ; to loosen, loose, untie, unbind, undo ; to rid one's self of (genitive case), escape ; (ind.p.-mucya-,having liberated one's self from[ ablative ] ) ; to drive away, banish, shake off ; to give up, resign, renounce ; to discharge, emit, throw out, shed etc. ; to hurl, fling, throw, shoot ; to utter ; to throw or put on (as a garland etc.) ; to lend, bestow : Passive voice-mucyate-, to free one's self from (ablative or instrumental case) etc. ; to be loosened, become loose or detached, fall off (as fruits) ; to leave off, cease : Causal-mocayati-, to liberate from (ablative) ; to loosen, untie : Desiderative-mumukṣati-, to be about to give up or resign
m. compression, comprehension, condensation, abridgment, conciseness, brief exposition, compendium, epitome, essence or quintessence (in the beginning of a compound, āt-, eṇa-, am-or pa-tas-,"briefly","concisely","in short") etc.
m.Name of a ṛṣi- (one of the four or seven spiritual sons of brahmā-; confer, comparesanaka-) [ confer, compareLatin senex,senior; Lithuanian se4nas; Gothic sinista.]
m.Name of a ṛṣi- (one of the four mind-born sons of brahmā-, described as one of the counsellors or companions of viṣṇu- and as inhabiting the janar-loka-;the other three are sana-, sanatkumāra-, and sa-nandana-;some reckon seven of these mind-born sons) (confer, compare) ; of an inspired legislator [ confer, compareLatin Seneca; Gothic sineigs.]
n. (fr. vi-lakṣaṇa-) difference, disparity, diverseness (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'; pūrvokta-vailakṣaṇyena-,in opposition to what was before stated) etc.
m. of the step-brother of maitreya- (who passed through fire to prove the falseness of maitreya-'s allegation that he was the child of a śūdra-) (Scholiast or Commentator) of a son of pratardana-
P. A1.-śliṣyati-, te-, to be loosened or dissolved or relaxed ; to be divided or separated (mithaḥ-,"from each other") ; to fall wide of a mark, fail to strike, miss the aim ; to divide, separate from (ablative) : Causal-śleṣayati-, to cause to be disunited, separate from (ablative) ; to deprive of (instrumental case)
अभ्व a. 1 Huge, large (महत् Nir.). -2 Mighty strong or powerful. -3 monstrous, immense, terrible; आ यो नो अभ्व ईषते Rv.1.39.8. -भ्वम् Immense power, immensity. -2 Monstrosity, hugeness; (the great pervading principle of the universe; water; a cloud; embarrassed state, calamity; a monster; अरीरमत् पतयत् कच्चिदभ्वम् Rv.6.71.5; closeness; offspring, given by B. and R.)
अमुक्त a. 1 Not loosened, not let go. -2 Not liberated from recurring birth and death, not having got final beatitude. -क्तम् A weapon (a knife, sword &c.) that is always grasped and not thrown. चतुर्विधमायुधम् । मुक्तममुक्तं मुक्तामुक्तं यन्त्रमुक्तं चेति Dhanur. V.4. -Comp. -हस्त a. one whose hand is not open or free (to give), sparing, stingy (in a bad sense); frugal, economical, prudent (in a good sense); सदा प्रहृष्टया भाव्यं व्यये चामुक्तहस्तया Ms.5.15.
आमुक्त p. p. 1 Loosened, let go, liberated. -2 Put on, worn &c. आमुक्तमुक्तालतमस्य वक्षः । Śi. see above. -3 Discharged, cast, shot off. -क्तम् Armour.
उच्छ्वस् 2 P. 1 To breathe, live; आत्मेच्छया न शक्य- मुच्छ्वसितुमपि K.175; Ve.5.15; Ms.3.72; अनुच्छ्वस्य without breathing, in one breath. -2 To take heart or courage, cheer up, revive, breathe a sigh of relief; नाद्याप्युच्छ्वसिति U.3,7; त्वत्सन्निधावुच्छ्वसितीव चेतः Ki.3.8 is delighted; Śi.18.58; Ratn.4; दिगन्तः Ki.9.21. -3 To open, bloom (as a lotus); नोच्छ्वसिति तपनकिरणैः (कुमुदम्) V.3.16; M.2.11; Śi.1.58,11.15. -4 To take a deep breath, pant, sigh deeply; निष्पिष्टः कोष्ण- मुच्छ्रवसन् Bk.6.12,14.55. -5 To throb, heave, palpitate. -6 To be loosened or relaxed. -Caus. 1 To cause to breathe. -2 To console, cheer up, delight, give rest; उच्छ्वासयन्त्यः श्लथबन्धनानि; Ṛs.6.8; U.3; Śi.9.34. -3 To loosen, relax, disjoin; दशमुखभुजोच्छ्वासितप्रस्थसन्धिः Me.6.
उद्वेष्टन a. 1 Loosened; कयाचिदुद्वेष्टनवान्तमाल्यः R.7.6; Ku.7.57. -2 Freed from bonds, unfettered, unbound. -नम् 1 The act of surrounding or enclosing. -2 An enclosure, fence. -3 A pain in the buttocks or back of the body; हृदय˚ convulsive pain in the heart.
दन्तः [दम्-तन् Uṇ.3.86] 1 A tooth, tusk, fang (as of serpents, beasts &c.); वदसि यदि किञ्चिदपि दन्तरुचिकौमुदी हरति दरतिमिरमतिघोरम् Gīt.1; सर्पदन्त, वराह˚ &c. -2 An elephant's tusk, ivory; ˚पाञ्चालिका Māl.1.5. -3 The point of an arrow. -4 The peak of a mountain. -5 The side or ridge of a mountain. -6 The number thirty-two. -7 A bower, an arbour (कुञ्ज); 'दन्तो निकुञ्जे दशने' इति विश्वः Śi.4.4. -Comp. -अग्रम् the point of a tooth. -अन्तरम् the space between the teeth. -अरुणः an elephant in the ninth year; Mātaṅga. L.5.1. -अर्बुदः, -दम् gumboil. -आघातः 1 a bite. -2 the citron tree. -आयुधः a hog. -आलयः the month. -आलिका, -आली a horse's bridle; दन्तालिकाधरणनिश्चलपाणियुग्मम् Śi.5.56. -उच्छिष्टम् the remains of food lodged between the teeth. -उद्भेदः dentition. -उलूखलिकः, -खलिन् m. one who uses his teeth for a mortar, (grinding grain to be eaten between his teeth), an anchorite; cf. Ms.6.17; Rām.3.6; Mb.13.141.14. -कर्षणः a lime of citron tree. -कारः an artist who works in ivory; Rām.2.83.13. -काष्ठम् a piece of stick or twig used as a tooth-brush. -कीलः a kind of tooth-like joinery; Māna.17.177. -कूरः fight (कूरमन्नं दन्ताः क्रोधावेशात् कूरवच्चर्व्यन्ते$स्मिन्निति सङ्ग्रामः Com. of नीलकण्ठ); माद्रीपुत्रः सहदेवः कलिङ्गान् समागतानजयद् दन्तकूरे Mb.5.23.24. -ग्राहिन् a. injuring the teeth, causing them to decay. -घर्षः chattering or grinding the teeth. -घातः a bite. -चालः looseness of the teeth. -छदः a lip; वारंवारमुदारशीत्कृतकृतो दन्तच्छदान् पीडयन् Bh.1.43; Ṛs.4. 12. -जन्मन् n. growth of the teeth; आदन्तजन्मनः Y.3.23 -जात a. (a child) that is teething; Ms.5.58. -जाहम् the root of a tooth. -धावः, -धावनम् 1 cleaning or washing the teeth; अभ्यङ्गोन्मर्दनादर्शदन्तधावाभिषेचनम् Bhāg.11. 27.35. -2 a tooth-brush. (-नः) 1 the Bakula tree.
-2 the Khadira tree. -पत्रम् a sort of ear-ornament; विलासिनीविभ्रमदन्तपत्रम् R.6.17; Ku.7.23; (often used in Kādambarī). Den. दन्तपत्रति = represents the earring (दन्तपत्र); पाण्डुच्छत्रति दन्तपत्रति वियल्लक्ष्मीकुरङ्गीदृशः P. R.7.62. -पत्रकम् an ear-ornament. -2 a Kunda flower. -पत्रिका 1 an ear-ornament. विदग्धलीलोचितदन्त- पत्रिका Śi.1.6. -2 Kunda. -3 a comb; Mb.1.3.157 com. -पवनम् 1 a tooth-brush. -2 cleaning or washing the teeth. -पाञ्चालिका an ivory doll; स्तन्यत्यागात्प्रभृति सुमुखी दन्तपाञ्चालिकेव क्रीडायोगं तदनु विनयं प्रापिता वर्धिता च Māl.1.5. -पातः the falling out of the teeth; Bṛi. S.66.5. -पालिः f. an ivory hilt (of a sword). -पाली 1 the point of a tooth. -2 the gums; Bṛi. S.68.97. -पुप्पुटः, -टकः gum-boil. -पुष्पम् 1 the Kunda flower. -2 fruit of the clearingnut plant (कतकफल). -प्रक्षालनम् washing the teeth. -प्रवेष्टम् sheath of an elephant's tusk; Mātaṅga L.5.4; ऊर्ध्वार्धासिच्छिन्नदन्तप्रवेष्टम् Śi.18.47. -फलः the wood-apple tree. (-ला) long pepper. -बीजः, बीजकः Pomegranate. -भागः 1 the fore-part of an elephant's head (where the tusks appear). -2 part of a tooth. -मलम्, -रजस् n. the tartar of the teeth. -मांसम्, -मूलम्, gums. -मूलीयाः (pl.) the dental letters, viz. -लृ, त्, थ्, द्, ध्, न्, ल्, and स्. -रोगः tooth-ache. -लेखकः one who earns his bread by painting or marking the teeth. -वर्ण a. brilliant. -वल्कम् the enamel of the teeth. -वस्त्रम्, -वासस् n. the lip; तुलां यदारोहति दन्तवाससा Ku.5.34; Śi.1.86. -वीजः, -वीजकः the pomegranate tree. -वीणा 1 a kind of musical instrument or harp. -2 chattering of the teeth; दन्तवीणां वादयन् Pt.1. -वेष्टः 1 the gums; Y.3.96. -2 a ring round the tusk of an elephant; Mb.7.9.19. -3 a tumor of the gums. -वैदर्भः loosening of the teeth through external injury. -व्यसनम् fracture of the teeth. -व्यापारः ivory work; K. -शङ्कुः a pair of pincers for drawing out teeth. -शठ a. sour, acid. (-ठः) 1 sourness, acidity. -2 N. of several trees with acid fruit like the citron, tamarind, wood-apple. -शर्करा tartar of the teeth. -शाणः a kind of tooth-powder, dentifrice. -शिरा 1 a back or double tooth. -2 the gum -शूलः, -लम् tooth-ache. -शोधनिः f. a tooth-pick. -शोफः swelling of the gums. -संघर्षः gnashing or rubbing together the teeth. -हर्षः morbid sensitiveness of the teeth (as when they are set on edge). -हर्षकः the citron tree.
दुर् ind. (A prefix substituted for दुस् before words beginning with vowels or soft consonants in the sense of 'bad'. 'hard' or 'difficult to do a certain thing'; for compounds with दुस् as first member see दुस् s. v.). -Comp. -अक्ष a. 1 weak-eyed. -2 evileyed. (-क्षः) 1 a loaded or false die. -2 dishonest gambling. -अक्षरम् an evil word; श्रुतिं ममाविश्य भवद्दुरक्षरं सृजत्यदः कीटकवदुत्कटा रुजः N.9.63. -अतिक्रम a. difficult to be overcome or conquered, unconquerable; सर्वं तु तपसा साध्यं तपो हि दुरति- क्रमम् Ms.11.2.38; स्वभावो दुरतिक्रमः 'nature cannot be changed'; स्वजातिर्दुरतिक्रमा Pt.1. -2 insurmountable, impassable; B. R.6.18-19. -3 inevitable. (-मः) an epithet of Viṣṇu. -अत्यय a. 1 difficult to be overcome; स्वर्गमार्गपरिघो दुरत्ययः R.11.88. -2 hard to be attained or fathomed; स एष आत्मा स्वपरेत्यबुद्धिभिर्दुरत्यया- नुक्रमणो निरूप्यते Bhāg.7.5.13. -अदृष्टम् ill-luck, misfortune. -अधिग, -अधिगम a. 1 hard to reach or attain, unattainable; Bhāg.3.23.8; दुरधिगमः परभागो यावत्पुरुषेण पौरुषं न कृतम् Pt.1.33. -2 insurmountable. -3 hard to be studied or understood; इह दुरधिगमैः किञ्चि- देवागमैः Ki.5.18. -अधिष्ठित a. badly performed, managed, or executed. (-तम्) improper stay at a place. -अधीत a. badly learnt or read. -अध्यय a. 1 difficult of attainment; सहस्रवर्त्मा चपलैर्दुरध्ययः Śi.12.11. -2 hard to be studied. -अध्यवसायः a foolish undertaking. -अध्वः a bad road; स्वयं दुरध्वार्णवनाविकाः कथं स्पृशन्तु विज्ञाय हृदापि तादृशीम् N.9.33. -अन्त a. 1 whose end is difficult to be reached, endless, infinite; संकर्षणाय सूक्ष्माय दुरन्तायान्तकाय च Bhāg. -2 ending ill or in misery, unhappy; अहो दुरन्ता बलवद्विरोधिता Ki.1.23; नृत्यति युवति- जनेन समं सखि विरहिजनस्य दुरन्ते (वसन्ते) Gīt.1; इयमुदरदरी- दुरन्तधारा यदि न भवेदभिमानभङ्गभूमिः Udb. -3 hard to be understood or known. -4 insurmountable. -अन्तक a. = दुरन्त q. v. (-कः) an epithet of Śiva. -अन्वय a. 1 difficult to be passed along; Mb.14.51.17. -2 hard to be carried out or followed. -3 difficult to be attained. or understood; बुद्धिश्च ते महाप्राज्ञ देवैरपि दुरन्वया Rām.3. 66.18. -4 not suitable, improper; वचो दुरन्वयं विप्रास्तूष्णी- मासन्भ्रमद्धियः Bhāg.1.84.14. (-यः) 1 a wrong conclusion, one wrongly inferred from given premisses. -2 (in gram.) a false agreement. -अपवादः ill report. slander. -अभिग्रह a. difficult to be caught. -अभि- मानिन् a. vain-glorious, disagreeably proud. -अवगम a. incomprehensible; Bhāg.5.13.26. -अवग्रह a. 1 difficult to be restrained or subjugated; भक्ता भजस्व दुरवग्रह मा त्यजास्मान् Bhāg.1.29.31. -2 disagreeable. -अवग्राह a. difficult to be attained; Bhāg.7.1.19. -अवच्छद a. difficult to be hidden; हेतुभिर्लक्षयांचक्रुराप्रीतां दुरवच्छदैः Bhāg.1.62.28. -अवबोध a. unintelligible. Bhāg.1.49.29. -अवसित a. unfathomed, difficult to be ascertained, द्युपतिभिरजशक्रशंकराद्यैर्दुरवसितस्तवमच्युतं नतो$स्मि Bhāg.12.12.67. -अवस्थ a. ill off, badly or poorly circumstanced. -अवस्था, -स्थानम् a wretched or miserable state; Bhāg.5.3.12. -अवाप a. difficult to be gained or fulfilled; Ś.1. -अवेक्षितम् an improper look. -अह्नः a bad day. -आकृति a. ugly, mis-shaped. -आक्रन्द a. crying bitterly or miserably; किं क्रन्दसि दुराक्रन्द स्वपक्ष- क्षयकारक Pt.4.29. -आक्रम a. 1 invincible, unconquerable. -2 difficult to be passed. -आक्रमणम् 1 unfair attack. -2 difficult approach. -आगमः improper or illegal acquisition. -आग्रहः foolish obstinacy, headstrongness, pertinacity; ममाहमित्यूढदुराग्रहाणां पुंसाम् Bhāg.3. 5.43. -आचर a. 1 hard to be performed. -2 incurable (as a disease). -आचार a. 1 ill-conducted, badly behaved. -2 following bad practices, wicked, depraved; अपि चेत्सुदुराचारो भजते मामनन्यभाक् Bg.9.3. (-रः) bad practice, ill-conduct, wikedness. -आढ्य a. not rich, poor. -आत्मता vileness, baseness, wickedness. -आत्मन् a. evil-natured, low, wicked, vile, base, mean; ये च प्राहुर्दुरात्मानो दुराराध्या महीभुजः Pt.1.39. (-m.) a rascal, villain, scoundrel. -आधर a. difficult to be withstood or overpowered, irresistible. -आधर्ष a. hard to be approached or assailed, unassailable जगन्नाथो दुराधर्षो गङ्गां भागीरथीं प्रति Mb. -2 not to be attacked with impunity. -3 haughty. (-र्षः) white mustard. -आधारः an epithet of Śiva. -आधिः (m.) 1 distress or anxiety of mind; निरस्तनारीसमया दुराधयः Ki.1.28. -2 indignation. -आधी a. Ved. malignant, thinking ill of. -आनम a. difficult to bend or draw; स विचिन्त्य धनुर्दुरानमम् R.11.38. -आप a. 1 difficult to be obtained; श्रिया दुरापः कथमीप्सितो भवेत् Ś.3.13; R.1.72;6.62. -2 difficult to be approached; Pt.1.67. -3 hard to be overcome. -आपादन a. difficult to be brought about; किं दुरापादनं तेषाम् Bhāg.3.23.42. -आपूर a. difficult to be filled or satisfied; Bhāg.7.6.8. -आबाध a. hard to be molested. (-धः) N. of Śiva. -आमोदः bad scent, stench; शवधूमदुरामोदः शालिभक्ते$त्र विद्यते Ks.82.22. -आराध्य a. difficult to be propitiated, hard to be won over or conciliated; दुराराध्याः श्रियो राज्ञां दुरापा दुष्परिग्रहाः Pt.1.38. -आरुह a. difficult to be mounted. (-हः) 1 the Bilva tree. -2 the cocoanut tree. -3 the date tree. -आरोप a. difficult to be strung (bow); दुरारोपमैन्दुशेखरं धनुर्दुर्निवारा रावणभुजदण्डाः B. R.1.46-47.
-आरोह a. difficult of ascent. (-हः) 1 The cocoanut tree. -2 the palm tree. -3 the date tree. -आलापः 1 a curse, imprecation. -2 foul of abusive language. -आलोक a. 1 difficult to be seen or perceived. -2 painfully bright, dazzling; दुरालोकः स समरे निदाघाम्बररत्नवत् K. P.1. (-कः) dazzling splendour. -आव(वा)र a. 1 difficult to be covered or filled up; दुरावरं त्वदन्येन राज्यखण्डमिदं महत् Rām.2.15.5. -2 difficult to be restrained, shut in, kept back or stopped. -आवर्त a. difficult to be convinced or set up; भवन्ति सुदुरावर्ता हेतुमन्तो$पि पण्डिताः Mb.12.19.23. -आशय a. 1 evil-minded, wicked, malicious, स्फुटनिर्भिन्नो दुराशयो$धमः Śi. उपेयिवान् मूलमशेषमूलं दुराशयः कामदुघाङ्घ्रिपस्य Bhāg.3.21.15. -2 having a bad place or rest. (-m.) the subtle body which is not destroyed by death (लिङ्गदेह); एतन्मे जन्म लोके$स्मिन्मुमुक्षूणां दुराशयात् Bhāg.3.24. 36. -आशा 1 a bad or wicked desire. -2 hoping against hope. -आस a. difficult to be abided or associated with; संघर्षिणा सह गुणाभ्यधिकैर्दुरासम् Śi.5.19. -आसद a. 1 difficult to be approached or overtaken; स सभूव दुरासदः परैः R.3.66; 8.4; Mv.2.5; 4.15. -2 difficult to be found or met with. -3 unequalled, unparalleled. -4 hard to be borne, insupportable. -5 difficult to be conquered, unassailable, unconquerable; जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम् Bg.3.43. (-दः) an epithet of Śiva. -इत a. 1 difficult. -2 sinful. (-तम्) 1 a bad course, evil, sin; दरिद्राणां दैन्यं दुरितमथ दुर्वासनहृदां द्रुतं दूरीकुर्वन् G. L.2; R.8.2; Amaru.2; Mv.3.43. -2 a difficulty, danger. -3 a calamity, evil; अपत्ये यत्तादृग्- दुरितमभवत् U.4.3. -इतिः f. Ved. 1 a bad course. -2 difficulty. -इष्टम् 1 a curse, imprecation. -2 a spell or sacrificial rite performed to injure another person. -ईशः a bad lord or master. -ईषणा, -एषणा 1 a curse, an imprecation. -2 an evil eye. -उक्त a. harshly uttered; Pt.1.89. -उक्तम्, -उक्तिः f. offensive speech, reproach, abuse, censure; लक्ष्मि क्षमस्व वचनीयमिदं दुरुक्तम् Udb. -उच्छेद a. difficult to be destroyed. -उत्तर a. 1 unanswerable. -2 difficult to be crossed; दुरुत्तरे पङ्क इवान्धकारे Bk.11.2; प्राप्तः पङ्को दुरुत्तरः Ki.15.17. -उदय a. appearing with difficulty, not easily manifested; यो$ नात्मनां दुरुदयो भगवान्प्रतीतः Bhāg.3.16.5. -उदर्क a. having bad or no consequences; N.5.41. -उदाहर a. difficult to be pronounced or composed; अनुज्झितार्थसंबन्धः प्रबन्धो दुरुदाहरः Śi.2.73. -उद्वह a. burdensome, unbearable. -उपसद a. difficult of approach; Ki.7.9. -उपसर्पिन् a. approaching incautiously; एकमेव दहत्यग्निर्नरं दुरुपसर्पिणम् Ms.7.9. -ऊह a. abstruse; जानीते जयदेव एव शरणः श्लाघ्ये दुरूहद्रुते Gīt. -एव a. Ved. 1 having evil ways. -2 irresistible, unassailable. (-वः) a wicked person. -ओषस् a. Ved. slow, lazy. -ग 1 difficult of access, inaccessible, impervious, impassable; दुर्गस्त्वेष महापन्थाः Mb.12.3. 5; दुर्गं पथस्तत्कवयो वदन्ति Kaṭh.1.3.14. -2 unattainable. -3 incomprehensible. -4 following wicked path, vicious; Rām.2.39.22. (-गः, -गम्) 1 a difficult or narrow passage through a wood or over a stream, mountain &c., a defile, narrow pass. -2 a citadel. fortress, castle; न दुर्गं दुर्गमित्येव दुर्गमं मन्यते जनः । तस्य दुर्गमता सैव यत्प्रभुस्तस्य दुर्गमः ॥ Śiva. B.16.61. -3 rough ground. -4 difficulty, adversity, calamity, distress, danger; निस्तारयतिं दुर्गाच्च Ms.3.98;11.43; मच्चित्तः सर्व- दुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि; Bg.18.58. (-गः) 1 bdellium. -2 the Supreme Being. -3 N. of an Asura slain by Durgā (thus receiving her name from him). ˚अध्यक्षः, ˚पतिः, ˚पालः the commandant or governor of a castle. ˚अन्तः The suburb of a fort; दुर्गान्ते सिद्धतापसाः Kau. A. 1.12. ˚कर्मन् n. fortification. ˚कारक a. making difficult. (-कः) the birch tree. ˚घ्नी N. of Durgā. ˚तरणी an epithet of Sāvitrī. सावित्री दुर्गतरणी वीणा सप्तविधा तथा Mb. ˚मार्गः a defile, gorge. ˚लङ्घनम् surmounting difficulties. (-नः) a camel. ˚संचरः 1 a difficult passage as to a fort &c., a bridge &c. over a defile. ˚संस्कारः Repairs to the old forts; अतो दुर्गसंस्कार आरब्धव्ये किं कौमुदीमहोत्सवेन Mu. ˚सिंहः N. of the author of कलापपरिशिष्ट. ˚व्यसनम् a defect or weak point in a fortress. (-र्गा) an epithet of Pārvatī, wife of Śiva. -2 the female cuckoo -3 N. of several plants. ˚नवमी the 9th day of the bright half of कार्तिक. ˚पूजा the chief festival in honour of दुर्गा in Bengal in the month of Āśvina. -गत a. 1 unfortunate, in bad circumstances; समाश्वसिमि केनाहं कथं प्राणिमि दुर्गतः Bk.18.1. -2 indigent, poor. -3 distressed, in trouble. -गतता ill-luck, poverty, misery; तावज्जन्मातिदुःखाय ततो दुर्गतता सदा Pt.1.265. -गतिः f. 1 misfortune, poverty, want, trouble, indigence; न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद् दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति Bg.6.4. -2 a difficult situation or path. -3 hell. -गन्ध a. ill-smelling. (-न्धः) 1 bad odour, stink -2 any ill-smelling substance. -3 an onion. -4 the mango tree. (-न्धम्) sochal salt. -गन्धि, -गन्धिन् a. ill-smelling. -गम a. 1 impassable, inaccessible, impervious; कामिनीकायकान्तारे कुचपर्वतदुर्गमे Bh.1.86; Śi. 12.49. -2 unattainable, difficult of attainment. -3 hard to be understood. (-मम्) a difficult place like hill etc; भ्राम्यन्ते दुर्गमेष्वपि Pt.5.81. -गाढ, -गाध, -गाह्य a. difficult to be fathomed or investigated, unfathomable. -गुणितम् not properly studied; चिराम्यस्तपथं याति शास्त्रं दुर्गुणितं यथा Avimārakam.2.4. -गोष्ठी evil association; conspiracy. वृद्धो रक्कः कम्पनेशो दुर्गोष्ठीमध्यगो$भवत् Rāj. T.6. 17. -ग्रह a. 1 difficult to be gained or accomplished. -2 difficult to be conquered or subjugated; दुर्गाणि दुर्ग्रहाण्यासन् तस्य रोद्धुरपि द्विषाम् R.17.52. -3 hard to be understood. (-हः) 1 a cramp, spasm. -2 obstinacy. -3 whim, monomania; कथं न वा दुर्ग्रहदोष एष ते हितेन सम्य- ग्गुरुणापि शम्यते N.9.41. -घट a. 1 difficult. कार्याणि घटयन्नासीद् दुर्घटान्यपि हेलया Rāj. T.4.364. -2 impossible. -घण a. 1 closely packed together, very compact. -घुरुटः An unbeliever; L. D. B. -घोषः 1 a harsh cry. -2 a bear. -जन a. 1 wicked, bad, vile. -2 slanderous, malicious, mischievous; यथा स्त्रीणां तथा वाचां साधुत्वे दुर्जनो जनः U.1.6. (-नः) a bad or wicked person, a malicious or mischievous man, villain; दुर्जनः प्रियवादी च नैतद्विश्वास-
कारणम् Chāṇ.24,25; शाम्येत्प्रत्यपकारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4. (दुर्जनायते Den. Ā. to become wicked; स्वजनो$पि दरिद्राणां तत्क्षणाद् दुर्जनायते Pt.1.5.). (दुर्जनीकृ [च्वि] to make blameworthy; दुर्जनीकृतास्मि अनेन मां चित्रगतां दर्शयता Nāg.2). -जय a. invincible. (-यः) N. of Viṣṇu. -जर a. 1 ever youthful; तस्मिन्स्तनं दुर्जरवीर्यमुल्बणं घोराङ्कमादाय शिशोर्दधावथ Bhāg.1.6.1. -2 hard (as food), indigestible. -3 difficult to be enjoyed; राजश्रीर्दुर्जरा तस्य नवत्वे भूभुजो$भवत् Rāj. T.5.19. -जात a. 1 unhappy, wretched. -2 bad-tempered, bad, wicked; Rāj. T.3. 142. -3 false, not genuine. ˚जीयिन् a. one who is born in vain; यो न यातयते वैरमल्पसत्त्वोद्यमः पुमान् । अफलं जन्म तस्याहं मन्ये दुर्जातजायिनः ॥ Mb. (-तम्) 1 a misfortune, calamity, difficulty; त्वं तावद् दुर्जाते मे$त्यन्तसाहाय्यकारिणी भव M.3; दुर्जातबन्धुः R.13.72. 'a friend in need or adversity.' -2 impropriety. -जाति a. 1 bad natured, vile, wicked; रुदितशरणा दुर्जातीनां सहस्व रुषां फलम् Amaru.96. -2 outcast. (-तिः f.) misfortune, ill condition. -ज्ञान, -ज्ञेय a. difficult to be known, incomprehensible. उच्चावचेषु भुतेषु दुर्ज्ञेयामकृतात्मभिः Ms.6.73. (-यः) N. of Śiva. -णयः, -नयः, -नीतिः 1 bad conduct. -2 impropriety -3 injustice. -णामन्, -नामन् a. having a bad name. -णीत a. 1 ill-behaved. -2 impolitic. -3 forward. (-तम्) misconduct; दुर्णीतं किमिहास्ति किं सुचरितं कः स्थानलाभे गुणः H. -दम, -दमन, -दम्य a. difficult to be subdued, untamable, indomitable. -दर्श a. 1 difficult to be seen. -2 dazzling; सुदुर्दर्शमिदं रूपं दृष्टवानसि यन्मन Bg.11.52. -दर्शन a. ugly, ill-looking; दुर्दर्शनेन घटतामियमप्यनेन Māl.2.8. -दशा a misfortune, calamity. -दान्त a. 1 hard to be tamed or subdued, untamable; Śi.12.22. -2 intractable, proud, insolent; दुर्दान्तानां दमनविधयः क्षत्रियेष्वायतन्ते Mv.3.34. (-तः) 1 a calf. -2 a strife, quarrel. -3 N. of Śiva. -दिन a. cloudy, rainy. (-नम्) 1 a bad day in general; तद्दिनं दुर्दिनं मन्ये यत्र मित्रागमो हि न Subhāṣ. -2 a rainy or cloudy day, stormy or rainy weather; उन्नमत्यकालदुर्दिनम् Mk.5; Ku.6 43; Mv.4.57. -3 a shower (of anything); द्विषां विषह्य काकुत्स्थस्तत्र नाराचदुर्दिनम् ॥ सन्मङ्गलस्नात इव R.4.41,82;5.47; U.5.5. -4 thick darkness; जीमूतैश्च दिशः सर्वाश्चक्रे तिमिरदुर्दिनाः Mb. (दुर्दिनायते Den. Ā. to become cloudy.) -दिवसः a dark or rainy day; Pt.1.173. -दुरूटः, -ढः 1 an unbeliever -2 an abusive word. -दृश a. 1 disagreeable to the sight, disgusting; दुर्दृशं तत्र राक्षसं घोररूपमपश्यत्सः Mb.1.2.298. -2 difficult to be seen; पादचारमिवादित्यं निष्पतन्तं सुदुर्दृशम् Rām.7.33.5. -दृष्ट a. illjudged or seen, wrongly decided; Y.2.35. -दैवम् ill-luck, misfortune. -द्यूतम् an unfair game. -द्रुमः onion (green). -धर a. 1 irresistible, difficult to be stopped. -2 difficult to be borne or suffered; दुर्धरेण मदनेन साद्यते Ghat.11; Ms.7.28. -3 difficult to be accomplished. -4 difficult to be kept in memory. (-रः) quicksilver. -धर्ष a. 1 inviolable, unassailable. -2 inaccessible; संयोजयति विद्यैव नीचगापि नरं सरित् । समुद्रमिव दुर्धर्षं नृपं भाग्य- मतः परम् ॥ H. Pr.5. -3 fearful, dreadful. -4 haughty. -धी a. stupid, silly. -नयः 1 arrogance. -2 immorality. -3 evil strategy; उन्मूलयितुमीशो$हं त्रिवर्गमिव दुर्नयः Mu.5.22. -नामकः piles. ˚अरिः a kind of bulbous root (Mar. सुरण). -नामन् m. f. a cockle. (-n.) piles. -निग्रह a. irrepressible, unruly; मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम् Bg.6.35. -निमित a. carelessly put or placed on the ground; पदे पदे दुर्निमिते गलन्ती R.7.1. -निमित्तम् 1 a bad omen; R.14.5. -2 a bad pretext. -निवार, -निवार्य a. difficult to be checked or warded off, irresistible, invincible. -नीतम् 1 misconduct, bad policy, demerit, misbehaviour; दुर्णीतं किमि- हास्ति Pt.2.21; H.1.49. -2 ill-luck. -नीतिः f. maladministration; दुर्नीतिं तव वीक्ष्य कोपदहनज्वालाजटालो$पि सन्; Bv.4.36. -नृपः a bad king; आसीत् पितृकुलं तस्य भक्ष्यं दुर्नृप- रक्षसः Rāj. T.5.417. -न्यस्त a. badly arranged; दुर्न्यस्त- पुष्परचितो$पि Māl.9.44. -बल a. 1 weak, feeble. -2 enfeebled, spiritless; दुर्बलान्यङ्गकानि U.1.24. -3 thin, lean, emaciated; U.3. -4 small, scanty, little; स्वार्थोप- पत्तिं प्रति दुर्बलाशः R.5.12. -बाध a. Unrestrained (अनिवार); दुर्बाधो जनिदिवसान्मम प्रवृद्धः (आधिः); Mv.6.28. -बाल a. 1 bald-headed. -2 void of prepuce. -3 having crooked hair. -बुद्धि a. 1 silly, foolish, stupid. -2 perverse, evil-minded, wicked; धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः (समा- गताः) Bg.1.23 -बुध a. wicked-minded, silly; Mb. 11.4.18. -बोध a. unintelligible, unfathomable, inscrutable; निसर्गदुर्बोधमबोधविक्लवाः क्व भूपतीनां चरितं क्व जन्तवः Ki. 1.6. -भग a. 1 unfortunate, unlucky; श्रीवल्लभं दुर्भगाः (निन्दन्ति) Pt.1.415. -2 not possessed of good features, ill-looking. -भगा 1 a wife disliked by her husband; दुर्भगाभरणप्रायो ज्ञानं भारः क्रियां विना H.1.17. -2 an ill-tempered woman, a shrew. -3 a widow; -भर a. insupportable, burdensome, heavily laden with (comp.); ततो राजाब्रवीदेतं बहुव्यसनदुर्भरः Ks.112.156. -भाग्य a. unfortunate, unlucky. (ग्यम्) ill-luck. -भावना 1 an evil thought. -2 a bad tendency. -भिक्षम् 1 scarcity of provisions, dearth, famine; Y.2.147; Ms.8.22; उत्सवे व्यसने चैव दुर्भिक्षे... यस्तिष्ठति स बान्धवः H.1.71; Pt.2. -2 want in general. -भिद, -भेद, -भेद्य a. firm; सुजनस्तु कनकघटवद् दुर्भेद्यश्चाशु संध्येयः Subhāṣ. -भृत्यः a bad servant. -भिषज्यम् incurability; Bṛi. Up.4.3.14. -भ्रातृ m. a bad brother. -मङ्कु a. obstinate, disobedient. -मति a. 1 silly, stupid, foolish, ignorant. -2 wicked, evilminded; न सांपरायिकं तस्य दुर्मतेर्विद्यते फलम् Ms.11.3. -मद a. drunken, ferocious, maddened, infatuated; Bhāg.1.15.7. -दः foolish pride, arrogance. -दम् the generative organ; ग्रामकं नाम विषयं दुर्मदेन समन्वितः Bhāg.4.25.52. -मनस् a. troubled in mind, discouraged, disspirited, sad, malancholy; अद्य बार्हस्पतः श्रीमान् युक्तः पुष्येण राघवः । प्रोच्यतै ब्राह्मणैः प्राज्ञैः केन त्वमसि दुर्मनाः ॥ Rām. [दुर्मनायते Den. Ā. to be troubled in mind, be sad, meditate sorrowfully, to be disconsolate, become vexed or fretted; Māl.3]. -मनुष्यः a bad or wicked man. -मन्त्रः, -मन्त्रितम्, -मन्त्रणा evil advice, bad counsel; दुर्मन्त्रान्नृपतिर्विनश्यति; Pt.1.169. -मरम् a hard or difficult death; Mb.14.61.9. -मरी a kind of दूर्वा grass. -मरणम् violent or unnatural death. -मर्ष a. 1 unbearable; Bhāg.6.5.42. -2 obstinate,
hostile. -मर्षणः N. of Viṣṇu. -मर्षित a. provocated, encouraged; एवं दुर्मर्षितो राजा स मात्रा बभ्रुवाहनः Mb.14. 79.13, -मर्याद a. immodest, wicked. -मल्लिका, -मल्ली a minor drama, comedy, farce; S. D.553. -मित्रः 1 a bad friend. -2 an enemy. -मुख a. 1 having a bad face, hideous, ugly; Bh.1.9. -2 foul-mouthed, abusive, scurrilous; Bh.2.69. (-खः) 1 a horse. -2 N. of Śiva. -3 N. of a serpent king (Nm.) -4 N. of a monkey (Nm.) -5 N. of a year (29th year out of 6 years cycle). -मूल्य a. highly priced, dear. -मेधस् a. silly, foolish, dull-headed, dull; Pt.1. (-m.) a dunce, dull-headed man, blockhead; ग्रन्थानधीत्य व्याकर्तु- मिति दुर्मेधसो$प्यलम् Śi.2.26. -मैत्र a. unfriendly, hostile; Bhāg.7.5.27. -यशस् n. ill-repute, dishonour. -योगः 1 bad or clumsy contrivance. -2 a bad combination. -योध, -योधन a. invincible, unconquerable. (-नः) the eldest of the 11 sons of Dhṛitarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī. [From his early years he conceived a deep hatred for his cousins the Pāṇḍavas, but particularly Bhīma, and made every effort he could to compass their destruction. When his father proposed to make Yudhiṣṭhira heir-apparent, Duryodhana did not like the idea, as his father was the reigning sovereign, and prevailed upon his blind father to send the Pāṇḍavas away into exile. Vāraṇāvata was fixed upon as their abode, and under pretext of constructing a palatial building for their residence, Duryodhana caused a palace to be built mostly of lac, resin and other combustible materials, thereby hoping to see them all destroyed when they should enter it. But the Paṇḍavas were forewarned and they safely escaped. They then lived at Indraprastha, and Yudhiṣṭhira performed the Rājasuya sacrifice with great pomp and splendour. This event further excited the anger and jealousy of Duryodhana, who was already vexed to find that his plot for burning them up had signally failed, and he induced his father to invite the Pāṇḍavas to Hastināpura to play with dice (of which Yudhiṣṭhira was particularly fond). In that gambling-match, Duryodhana, who was ably assisted by his maternal uncle Śakuni, won from Yudhiṣṭhira everything that he staked, till the infatuated gambler staked himself, his brothers, and Draupadī herself, all of whom shared the same fate. Yudhiṣṭhira, as a condition of the wager, was forced to go to the forest with his wife and brothers, and to remain there for twelve years and to pass one additional year incognito. But even this period, long as it was, expired, and after their return from exile both the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas made great preparations for the inevitable struggle and the great Bhāratī war commenced. It lasted for eighteen days during which all the Kauravas, with most of their allies, were slain. It was on the last day of the war that Bhīma fought a duel with Duryodhana and smashed his thigh with his club.] मोघं तवेदं भुवि नामधेयं दुर्योधनेतीह कृतं पुरस्तात् न हीह दुर्योधनता तवास्ति पलायमानस्य रणं विहाय Mb.4.65.17. -योनि a. of a low birth, न कथंचन दुर्योनिः प्रकृतिं स्वां नियच्छति Ms.1.59. -लक्ष्य a. difficult to be seen or perceived, hardly visible. -क्ष्यम् bad aim; मनः प्रकृत्यैव चलं दुर्लक्ष्यं च तथापि मे Ratn.3.2. -लभ a. 1 difficult to be attained, or accomplished; R.1.67;17.7; Ku.4.4;5.46,61; दुर्लभं भारते जन्म मानुष्यं तत्र दुर्लभम् Subhāṣ. -2 difficult to be found or met with, scarce, rare; शुद्धान्तदुर्लभम् Ś.1.17. -3 best, excellent, eminent. -ग्रामः a village situated close to a large village and inhabited by the free-holders (अग्र- हारोपजीविनः); Māna.1.79-8. -4 dear, beloved. -5 costly. -ललित a. 1 spoilt by fondling, fondled too much, hard to please; हा मदङ्कदुर्ललित Ve.4; V.2.8; Māl.9. -2 (hence) wayward, naughty, illbred, unruly; स्पृहयामि खलु दुर्ललितायास्मै Ś.7. (-तम्) waywardness, rudeness. -लेख्यम् a forged document. Y.2.91. -वच a. 1 difficult to be described, indescribable. अपि वागधिपस्य दुर्वचं वचनं तद् विदधीत विस्मयम् Ki.2.2. -2 not to be talked about. -3 speaking improperly, abusing. (-चम्) abuse, censure, foul language. -वचस् n. abuse, censure; असह्यं दुर्वचो ज्ञातेर्मेघा- न्तरितरौद्रवत् Udb. -वर्ण a. bad-coloured. -र्णः 1 bad colour. -2 impurity; यथा हेम्नि स्थितो वह्निर्दुवर्णं हन्ति धातु- जम् Bhāg.12.3.47. (-र्णम्) 1 silver. दुर्वर्णभित्तिरिह सान्द्रसुधासुवर्णा Śi.4.28. -2 a kind of leprosy. -वस a. difficult to be resided in. -वसतिः f. painful residence; R.8.94. -वह a. heavy, difficult to be borne; दुर्वहगर्भखिन्नसीता U.2.1; Ku.1.11. -वाच् a. speaking ill. (-f.) 1 evil words, abuse. -2 inelegant language or speech. -वाच्य a. 1 difficult to be spoken or uttered. -2 abusive, scurrilous. -3 harsh, cruel (as words). (-च्यम्) 1 censure, abuse. -2 scandal, ill-repute. -वातः a fart. ˚वातय Den. P. to break wind or fart; इत्येके विहसन्त्येनमेके दुर्वातयन्ति च Bhāg.11.23.4. -वादः slander, defamation, calumny. -वार, -वारण a. irresistible, unbearable; R.14.87; किं चायमरिदुर्वारः पाणौ पाशः प्रचेतसः Ku.2.21. -वासना 1 evil propensity, wicked desire; कः शत्रुर्वद खेददानकुशलो दुर्वासनासंचयः Bv. 1.86. -2 a chimera. -वासस् a. 1 ill-dressed. -2 naked. (-m.) N. of a very irascible saint or Ṛiṣi, son of Atri and Anasūyā. (He was very hard to please, and he cursed many a male and female to suffer misery and degradation. His anger, like that of Jamadagni, has become almost proverbial.) -वाहितम् a heavy burden; उरोजपूर्णकुम्भाङ्का सदुर्वाहितविभ्रमा Rāj. T.4.18. -विगाह, -विगाह्य a. difficult to be penetrated or fathomed, unfathomable. -विचिन्त्य inconceivable, inscrutable -विद a. difficult to be known or discovered; नूनं गतिः कृतान्तस्य प्राज्ञैरपि सुदुर्विदा Mb.7.78. 2. -विदग्ध 1 unskilled, raw, foolish, stupid, silly. -2 wholly ignorant. -3 foolishly puffed up, elated.
vainly proud; वृथाशस्त्रग्रहणदुर्विदग्ध Ve.3; ज्ञानलवदुर्विदग्धं ब्रह्मापि नरं न रञ्जयति Bh.2.3. -विद्ध a. Badly perforated (a pearl); Kau. A.2.11. -विद्य a. uneducated; Rāj. T.1.354. -विध a. 1 mean, base, low. -2 wicked, vile. -3 poor, indigent; विदधाते रुचिगर्वदुर्विधम् N.2.23. -4 stupid, foolish, silly; विविनक्ति न बुद्धिदुर्विधः Śi.16.39. -विनयः misconduct, imprudence. -विनीत a. 1 (a) badly educated, ill-mannered; ill-behaved, wicked; शासितरि दुर्विनीतानाम् Ś.1.24. (b) rude, naughty, mischievous. -2 stubborn, obstinate. (-तः) 1 a restive or untrained horse. -2 a wayward person, reprobate. -विपाक a. producing bad fruit; श्रितासि चन्दनभ्रान्त्या दुर्विपाकं विषद्रुमम् U.1.46. (-कः) 1 bad result or consequence; U.1.4; किं नो विधिरिह वचने$प्यक्षमो दुर्विपाकः Mv. 6.7. -2 evil consequences of acts done either in this or in a former birth. -विभाव्य a. inconceivable; also दुर्विभाव; असद्वृत्तेरहो वृत्तं दुर्विभावं विधेरिव Ki.11.56. -विमर्श a. difficult to be tried or examined; यो दुर्विमर्शपथया निजमाययेदं सृष्ट्वा गुणान्विभजते तदनुप्रविष्टः Bhāg.1.49.29. -विलसितम् a wayward act, rudeness, naughtiness; डिम्भस्य दुर्विलसितानि मुदे गुरूणाम् B. R.4.6. -विलासः a bad or evil turn of fate; U.1. -विवाहः a censurable marriage; इतरेषु तु शिष्टेषु नृशंसानृतवादिनः । जायन्ते दुर्विवाहेषु ब्रह्मधर्मद्विषः सुताः ॥ Ms.3.41. -विष a. ill-natured, malignant. (-षः) N. of Śiva. -विषह a. unbearable, intolerable, irresistible. (-हः) N. of Śiva. -वृत्त a. 1 vile, wicked, ill-behaved. -2 roguish. (-त्तम्) misconduct, ill-behaviour. दुर्वृत्तवृत्तशमनं तव देवि शीलम् Devīmāhātmya. -वृत्तिः f. 1 misconduct. -2 misery, want, distress. -3 fraud. -वृष्टिः f. insufficient rain, drought. -वेद a. difficult to be known or ascertained. -व्यवहारः a wrong judgment in law. -व्यवहृतिः f. ill-report or rumour. -व्यसनम् 1 a fond pursuit or resolve; Mu.3. -2 bad propensity, vice; तेन दुर्व्यसनेनासीद्भोजने$पि कदर्थना Ks.73.73. -व्रत a. not conforming to rules, disobedient. -हुतम् a badly offered sacrifice. -हृद् a. wicked-hearted, ill-disposed, inimical; अकुर्वतोर्वां शुश्रूषां क्लिष्टयोर्दुर्हृदा भृशम् Bhāg.1.45.9. (-m.) an enemy. -हृदय a. evil-minded, evil-intentioned, wicked. -हृषीक a. having defective organs of sense.
दैव a. (-वी f.) [देवादागतः अण्] 1 Relating to gods, caused by or coming from gods, divine, celestial; संस्कृतं नाम दैवी वागन्वाख्याता महर्षिभिः Kāv.1.33; दैवीनां मानुषीणां च प्रतिहर्ता त्वमापदाम् R.1.6; Y.2.235; Bg.4.25; 9.13;16.3; Ms.3.75. -2 Royal; दैवी वाग्यस्य नाभवत् Rāj. T.5.26. -3 Depending on fate, fatal. -4 Possessing the quality of सत्त्व. -वः 1 (i. e. विवाहः) One of the eight forms of marriage, that in which the daughter is given away at a sacrifice to the officiating priest; यज्ञस्य ऋत्विजे दैवः Y.1.59 (for the eight forms of marriage see उद्वाह or Ms.3.21). -2 A worshipper of god (देवभक्त); दैवान् सर्वे गुणवन्तो भवन्ति Mb. 12.158.35. -वम् 1 Fate, destiny, luck, fortune; पूर्वजन्म- कृतं कर्म तद्दैवमिति कथ्यते H. दैवमविद्वांसः प्रमाणयन्ति Mu.3; विना पुरुषकारेण दैवमत्र न सिध्यति 'God helps those who help themselves'; दैवं निहत्य कुरु पौरुषमात्मशक्त्या Pt.1.361. (दैवात् by chance, luckily, accidentally.) -2 A god, deity. -3 A religious rite or offering, an oblation to gods; उत्तिष्ठ नरशार्दूल कर्तव्यं दैवमाह्निकम् Rām.1.23.2. -4 A kind of Śrāddha ceremony. -5 Parts of the hands sacred to the gods, i. e. the tips of the fingers; cf. Ms.2.59. -6 Royal duties; न तु केवलदैवेन प्रजाभावेन रेमिरे Mb.1.222.1. -7 A science phenomena, unusuals (उत्पातs); Ch. Up. 7.1.2. -वी 1 A woman married according to the form of marriage called daiva q. v. above. -2 a. Divine, super-human; दैवी संपद्विमोक्षाय निबन्धायासुरी मता Bg.16.5. -3 A division of medicine (the medical use of charms, prayers &c.). -Comp. -अत्ययः evil resulting from unusual natural phenomena. -अधीन, -आयत्त a. dependent on fate; दैवायत्तं कुले जन्म मदायत्तं तु पौरुषम् Ve.3.33. -अहोरात्रः a day of the gods i. e. the human year. -इज्य a. sacred to Jupiter (गुरु), -topaz. -उपहत a. illfated, unfortunate; दैवेनोपहतस्य बुद्धिरथवा सर्वा विपर्यस्यति Mu.6.8. -ऊढा a woman married according to the Daiva ritual. ˚ज the son of such a woman; दैवोढाजः सुतश्चैव सप्त सप्त परावरान् Ms.3.38. -कर्मन् n. offering, oblations to gods. -कृत a. 1 fated. -2 natural. -कोविद्, -चिन्तकः, -ज्ञः an astrologer, a fortune-teller, पुरोहित प्रकुर्वीत दैवज्ञमुदितोदितम् Y.1.313; Kām.9,25. -गतिः f. turn or course of fate; मुक्ताजालं चिरपरिचितं त्याजितो दैवगत्या Me.96.; Pt.3.174. -चिन्ता fatalism; astrology. -ज्ञ a. knowing fate or men's destinies. -तन्त्र a. dependent on fate. -दत्त a. innate, natural. -दीपः the eye. -दुर्विपाकः hardness of fortune, adverseness or unpropitiousness of fate, an evil turn of fate; U.1.4. -दोषः badness of fate. -पर a. 1 trusting to fate, fatalist. -2 fated. predestined. -प्रश्नः 1 fortune-telling, astrology. -2 a voice from heaven. नक्तं निर्गत्य यत्किञ्चिच्छुभाशुभकरं वचः । श्रूयते तद्विदुर्धीरा दैवप्रश्नमुपश्रुतिम् ॥ -युगम् 'a Yuga of the gods' said to consist of 12 divine years, but see Kull. on एतद् द्वादशसाहस्रं देवानां युगमुच्यते Ms.1.71. -योगः a lucky coincidence, fortuitous combination, fortune, chance. (दैवयोगेन, दैवयोगात् fortunately, accidentally.) -रक्षित a. guarded by the gods; अरक्षितं तिष्ठति दैवरक्षितम् Subhāṣ. -लेखकः a fortune-teller, an astrologer. -वशः, -शम् the power of destiny, subjection to fate. -वाणी 1 a voice from heaven. -2 the Sanskrit language; cf. Kāv.1.33. quoted above. -विद् m. an astrologer. -सभेयम् a variety of sandal-wood red and smelling like a lotus-flower; Kau. A.2.11. -हत a. ill-fated; सुरक्षितं दैवहतं विनश्यति Subhāṣ. -हीन a. ill-fated, unfortunate, unlucky.
न्यून a. 1 Lessened, diminished, shortened. -3 Defective, inferior, deficient, wanting, destitute of; as in अर्थन्यून; अथ कस्मादेतानि वैकृतानि वाक्यानि न्यूनान्येव नानुमन्यन्ते । किमेभिः पूरितैः । न्यूनानि अनेकार्थानि भवन्ति ŚB. on MS.7.4.12. -3 Less (opp. अधिक); न्यूनाधिकविभक्तानां धर्म्यः पितृकृतः स्मृतः Y.2.116. -4 Defective (in some organ); पाद˚. -5 Low, wicked, vile, despicable. -नम् Want or omission of one of the five members in a Nyāya argument. -नम् ind. Less, in a less degree. -Comp. -अङ्ग a. maimed, mutilated. -अधिक a. more or less, unequal. -धी a. deficient in intellect, ignorant, foolish. -पञ्चाशद्भावः an idiot (having no full 5 properties of human nature). -भावः inferiority, deficiency.
प्रकम्प् 1 Ā 1 To shake, quiver, tremble; प्राकम्पत भुजः सव्यः Rām.; प्राकम्पत महाशैलः. Mb. -2 To vibrate (as sound). -3 To become loose, be loosened. -Caus. To shake, put in motion; प्राचकम्पदुदन्वन्तम् Bk.15.23.
प्रति ind. 1 As a prefix to verbs it means (a) towards, in the direction of; (b) back, in return, again; तष्ठेदानीं न मे जीवन् प्रतियास्यसि दुर्मते Rām.7.18.13; (c) in opposition to, against, counter; (d) upon, down upon; (see the several roots with this preposition). -2 As a prefix to nouns not directly derived from verbs it means (a) likeness, resemblance, equality; (b) opposite, of the opposite side; प्रतिबल Ve.3.5. 'the opposing force'; so प्रतिद्विपाः Mu.2.13; (c) rivalry; as in प्रतिचन्द्रः 'a rival moon'; प्रतिपुरुषः &c. -3 As a separable preposition (with acc.) it means (a) towards, in the direction of, to; तौ दम्पती स्वां प्रति राजधानीं प्रस्थापयामास वशी वसिष्ठः R.2.7;1. 75; प्रत्यनिलं विचेरु Ku.3.31; वृक्षं प्रति विद्योतते विद्युत् Sk.; (b) against, counter, in opposition to, opposite; तदा यायाद् रिपुं प्रति Ms.7.171; प्रदुदुवुस्तं प्रति राक्षसेन्द्रम् Rām.; ययावजः प्रत्यरिसैन्यमेव R.7.55; (c) in comparison with, on a par with, in proportion to, a match for; त्वं सहस्राणि प्रति Ṛv.2.1.8; (d) near, in the vicinity of, by, at, in, on; समासेदुस्ततो गङ्गां शृङ्गवेरपुरं प्रति Rām.; गङ्गां प्रति; (e) at the time, about, during; आदित्यस्योदयं प्रति Mb; फाल्गुनं वाथ चैत्रं वा मासौ प्रति Ms.7.182; (f) on the side of, in favour of, to the lot of; यदत्र मां प्रति स्यात् Sk.; हरं प्रति हलाहलं (अभवत्) Vop.; (g) in each, in or at every, severally (used in a distributive sense); वर्षं प्रति, प्रतिवर्षम्; यज्ञं प्रति Y.1.11; वृक्षं वृक्षं प्रति सिञ्चति Sk.; (h) with regard or reference to, in relation to, regarding, concerning, about, as to; न हि मे संशीतिरस्या दिव्यतां प्रति K.132; चन्द्रोपरागं प्रति तु केनापि विप्रलब्धासि Mu.1; धर्मं प्रति Ś.5.18; मन्दौत्सुक्यो$स्मि नगरगमनं प्रति Ś.1; Ku.6.27; 7.83; त्वयैकमीशं प्रति साधु भाषितम् 5.81; Y.1.218; R.6. 12;1.29;12.51; (i) according to, in conformity with; मां प्रति in my opinion; (j) before, in the presence of; (k) for, on account of. -4 As a separable preposition (with abl.) it means either (a) a representative of, in place of, instead of; प्रद्युम्नः कृष्णात् प्रति Sk.; संग्रामे यो नारायणतः प्रति Bk.8.89; or (b) in exchange or return for; तिलेभ्यः प्रति यच्छति माषान् Sk.; भक्तेः प्रत्यमृतं शंभोः Vop. -5 As the first member of Avyayībhāva compound it usually means (a) in or at every; as प्रतिसंवत्सरम् 'every year', प्रतिक्षणम्, प्रत्यहम् &c.; (b) towards, in the direction of; प्रत्यग्नि शलभा डयन्ते. -6 प्रति is sometimes used as the last member of Avyayī. comp. in the sense of 'a little'; सूपप्रति, शाकप्रति. [Note:-In the compounds given below all words the second members of which are words not immediately connected with verbs, are included; other words will be found in their proper places.] -Comp. -अंशम् ind. on the shoulders. -अक्षरम् ind. in every syllable or letter; प्रत्यक्षरश्लेषमयप्रबन्ध Vās. -अग्नि ind. towards the fire. -अग्र = प्रत्यग्र q. v. -अङ्गम् 1 a secondary or minor limb (of the body), as the nose. -2 a division, chapter, section. -3 every limb. -4 a weapon. (-ङ्गम्) ind. 1 on or at every limb of the body; as in प्रत्यङ्ग- मालिङ्गितः Gīt.1. -2 for every subdivision. -3 in each case (in grammar). -अधिदेवता a tutelary deity who stays in front or near one; Hch. -अधिष्ठानम्, -आधानम् the principal place of residence; Bṛi. Up.2.2.1. -2 repository. -अनन्तर a. 1 being in immediate neighbourhood; दानमानादिसत्कारैः कुरुष्व प्रत्यनन्तरम् Rām.4.15.27. (com. प्रत्यनन्तरं स्वाधीनम्). -2 standing nearest (as an heir). -3 immediately following, closely connected with; जीवेत् क्षत्रियधर्मेण स ह्यस्य (ब्राह्मणस्य) प्रत्यनन्तरः; Ms.1. 82;8.185. (-रम्) ind. 1 immediately after. -2 next in succession. -रीभू to betake oneself close to; P. R. -अनिलम् ind. towards or against the wind. -अनीक a 1 hostile, opposed, inimical. -2 resisting, opposing. -3 opposite. -4 equal, vying with. (-कः) an enemy. (-कम्) 1 hostility, enmity, hostile attitude or position; न शक्ताः प्रत्यनीकेषु स्थातुं मम सुरासुराः Rām. -2 a hostile army; यस्य शूरा महेष्वासाः प्रत्यनीकगता रणे Mb.; ये$वस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः Bg.11.32. (प्र˚ may have here sense 1 also). -3 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech in which one tries to injure a person or thing connected with an enemy who himself cannot be injured; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुं तिरस्क्रिया । या तदीयस्य तत्स्तुत्यै प्रत्यनीकं तदुच्यते K. P.1. -अनुप्रासः a kind of alliteration. -अनुमानम् an opposite conclusion. -अन्त a. contiguous, lying close to,
adjacent, bordering. (-न्तः) 1 a border, frontier; स गुप्तमूलप्रत्यन्तः R.4.26. -2 a bordering country; especially, a country occupied by barbarian or Mlechchhas. ˚देशः a bordering country. ˚पर्वतः an adjacent hill; पादाः प्रत्यन्तपर्वताः Ak. -अन्धकार a. spreading shadow; Buddh. -अपकारः retaliation, injury in return; शाम्येत् प्रत्यप- कारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4. -अब्दम् ind. every year -अमित्र a. hostile. (-त्रः) an enemy. (-त्रम्) ind. towards as enemy. -अरिः 1 a well-matched opponent. -2 the 9th, 14th or 23rd asterism from the जन्मनक्षत्र. -3 a particular asterism; दारुणेषु च सर्वेषु प्रत्यरिं च विवर्जयेत् Mb.13.14.28 (com. प्रत्यरिं स्वनक्षत्राद् दिननक्षत्रं यावद् गणयित्वा नवभिर्भागे हृते पञ्चमी तारा प्रत्यरिः ।). -अर्कः a mock sun; parhelion. -अर्गलम् the rope by which a churning stick is moved. -अवयवम् ind. 1 in every limb. -2 in every particular, in detail. -अवर a. 1 lower, less honoured; पुरावरान् प्रत्यवरान् गरीयसः Mb.13.94.12. -2 very low or degrading, very insignificant; Ms.1.19. -अश्मन् m. red chalk. -अष्ठीला a kind of nervous disease. -अहम् ind. every day, daily; day by day; गिरिशमुपचचार प्रत्यहं सा सुकेशी Ku.1.6. -आकारः a scabbard, sheath. -आघातः 1 a counter-stroke. -2 reaction. -आचारः suitable conduct or behaviour. -आत्मम् ind. singly, severally. -आत्मक a. belonging to oneself. -आत्म्यम् similarity with oneself. -आत्मेन ind. after one's own image; स किंनरान् कुंपुरुषान् प्रत्यात्म्येना- सृजत् प्रभुः Bhāg.3.2.45. -आदित्यः a mock sun. -आरम्भः 1 recommencement, second beginning. -2 prohibition. -आर्द्र a. fresh. -आशा 1 hope, expectation; न यत्र प्रत्याशामनुपतति नो वा रहयति Māl.9.8. -2 trust, confidence. -आसङ्गः Connection, contact; अथ प्रत्यासङ्गः कमपि महिमानं वितरति Mv.1.12. -आस्वर 1 returning. -2 reflecting; Ch.Up.1.3.2. -आह्वयः echo, resonance; छाया प्रत्याह्वयाभासा ह्यसन्तो$प्यर्थकारिणः Bhāg.11.28.5. -उत्तरम् a reply, rejoinder. -उलूकः 1 a crow; मृत्युदूतः कपोतो$यमुलूकः कम्पयन्मनः । प्रत्युलूकश्च कुह्वानैरनिद्रौ शून्यमिच्छतः ॥ Bhāg.1.14.14. -2 a bird resembling an owl. -ऋचम् ind. in each Rik. -एक a. each, each one, every single one. (-कम्) ind. 1 one at a time, severally; singly, in every one, to every one; oft. with the force of an adjective; विवेश दण्डकारण्यं प्रत्येकं च सतां मनः R.12.9. 'entered the mind of every good man'; 12.3;7.34; Ku.2.31. -एनस् m. 1 an officer of justice (who punishes criminals); Bṛi. Up.4.3.7. -2 a heir responsible for the debts of the deceased; surety. -कञ्चुकः 1 an adversary. -2 a critic. -कण्ठम् ind. 1 severally, one by one. -2 near the throat. -कलम् ind. constantly, perpetually. -कश a. not obeying the whip. -कष्ट a. comparatively bad. -कामिनी a female rival; Śi. -कायः 1 an effigy, image, picture, likeness. -2 an adversary; स वृषध्वजसायकावभिन्नं जयहेतुः प्रतिकाय- मेषणीयम् Ki.13.28. -3 a target, butt, mark. -कितवः an opponent in a game. -कुञ्जरः a hostile elephant. -कूपः a moat, ditch. -कूल a. 1 unfavourable, adverse, contrary, hostile, opposite, प्रतिकूलतामुपगते हि विधौ विफलत्व- मेति बहुसाधनता Śi.9.6; Ku.3.24. -2 harsh, discordant. unpleasant, disagreeable; अप्यन्नपुष्टा प्रतिकूलशब्दा Ku.1. 45. -3 inauspicious. -4 contradictory. -5 reverse, inverted. -6 perverse, cross, peevish, stubborn. ˚आचार- णम्, ˚आचरितम् any offensive or hostile action or conduct; प्रतिकूलाचरितं क्षमख मे R.8.81. ˚उक्तम्, -क्तिः f. a contradiction. ˚कारिन्, -कृत, -चारिन्, -वत्ति a. opposing. ˚दर्शन a. having an inauspicious or ungracious appearance. ˚प्रवर्तिन्, -वर्तिन् a. acting adversely, taking an adverse course. ˚भाषिन् a. opposing, contradicting. ˚वचनम् disagreeable or unpleasant speech. ˚वादः contradiction. (प्रतिकूलता, -त्वम् adverseness, opposition, hostility. प्रति- कूलयति 'to oppose'.). -कूल ind. 1 adversely, contrarily. -2 inversely, in inverted order. -कूलय Den. P. to resist, oppose. -कूलिक a. hostile, inimical. -क्षणम् ind. at every moment or instant, constantly; प्रतिक्षणं संभ्रमलोलदृष्टि- र्लीलारविन्देन निवारयन्ती Ku.3.56. -क्षपम् ind. everynight. -गजः a hostile elephant -गात्रम् ind. in very limb. -गिरिः 1 an opposite mountain. -2 an inferior mountain. -गृहम्, -गेहम् ind. in every house. -ग्रामम् ind. in every village. -चक्रम् a hostile army. -चन्द्रः a mock moon; paraselene. -चरणम् ind. 1 in every (Vedic) school or branch. -2 at every foot-step. -छाया, -यिका 1 a reflected image, reflection, shadow; रूपं प्रतिच्छायिक- योपनीतम् N.6.45. -2 an image, picture. -जङ्घा the forepart of the leg. -जिह्वा, -जिह्विका the soft palate, -तन्त्रम् ind. according to each Tantra or opinion. -तन्त्र- सिद्धान्तः a conclusion adopted by one of the disputants only; (वादिप्रतिवाद्येकतरमात्राभ्युपगतः). -त्र्यहम् ind. for three days at a time. -दण्ड a. Ved. disobedient. -दिनम् ind. every day; राशीभूतः प्रतिदिनमिव त्र्यम्बकस्याट्टहासः Me.6. -दिशम् ind. in every direction, all round, everywhere. -दूतः a messenger sent in return. -देवता a corresponding deity; गताः कलाः पञ्चदश प्रतिष्ठा देवाश्च सर्वे प्रतिदेवतासु Muṇḍa.3.2.7. -देशम् ind. in every country. -देहम् ind. in every body. -दैवतम् ind. for every deity. -द्वन्द्वः 1 an antagonist, opponent, adversary, rival. -2 an enemy. (-द्वम्) opposition, hostility. -द्वन्द्विन् a. 1 hostile, inimical. -2 adverse (प्रतिकूल); कृतान्तदुर्वृत्त इवापरेषां पुरः प्रतिद्वन्द्विनि पाण्डवास्त्रे Ki.16.29. -3 rivalling, vying with; किसलयोद्भेदप्रतिद्वन्दिभिः (करतलैः) Ś.4.5. (-m.) an opponent, adversary, rival; तुल्यप्रति- द्वन्द्वि बभूव युद्धम् R.7.37.;15.25. -द्वारम् ind. at every gate. -धुरः a horse harnessed by the side of another. -नप्तृ m. great-grandson, a son's grandson. -नव a. 1 new, young, fresh. -2 newly blown budded; सान्ध्यं तेजः प्रतिनवजपापुष्परक्तं दधानः Me.38. -नाडी a branch-vein. -नायकः the adversary of the hero of any poetic composition; धीरोद्धतः पापकारी व्यसनी प्रतिनायकः S. D., as रावण in the Rāmāyaṇa, शिशुपाल in Māgha-Kāvya &c. -नारी, -पत्नी, -युवतिः a female rival; Śi.7.45. -निनादः = प्रतिध्वनिः q. v. -न्यायम् ind. in inverted order; पुनः प्रतिन्यायं प्रतियोन्याद्रवति स्वप्नायैव Bṛi. Up.4.3.15.
-पक्ष a. like, similar. (-क्षः) 1 the opposite side, party or faction, hostility; विमृश्य पक्षप्रतिपक्षाभ्यामवधारणं नियमः Gaut. S, -2 an adversary, enemy, foe, rival; प्रति- पक्षकामिनी, -लक्ष्मी 'a rival wife'; Bv.2.64; दासीकृतायाः प्रति- पक्षलक्ष्याः Vikr.1.73; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुम् K. P.1; Vikr.1.7; often used in comp. in the sense of 'equal' or 'similar'. -3 remedy, expiation; यादवस्य पापस्य प्रतिपक्षमुपदिशामि Nāg.5. -4 a defendant or respondent (in law). ˚ता 1 hostility, opposition. -2 obstacle. -पक्षित a. 1 containing a contradiction. -2 nullified by a contradictory premise; (as a hetu in न्याय); cf. सत्प्रतिपक्ष. -पक्षिन् m. an opponent, adversary. -पण्यम् merchandise in exchange; Buddh. -प्रथम् ind. along the road, towards the way; प्रतिपथगतिरासीद् वेगदीर्घीकृताङ्गः Ku.3.76. -पदम् ind. 1 at evry stop. -2 at every place, everywhere. -3 expressly. -4 in every word; प्रतिपदाख्याने तु गौरवं परिहरद्भिर्वृत्तिकारैः सर्वसामान्यः शब्दः प्रति- गृहीतः प्रकृतिवदिति ŚB. on MS.8.1.2. -पल्लवः an opposite or outstretched branch; R. -पाणः 1 a stake. -2 a counter-pledge. -3 a counter-stake; Mb.3. -पादम् ind. in each quarter. -पात्रम् ind. with regard to each part, of each character; प्रतिपात्रमाधीयतां यत्नः Ś.1 'let care be taken of each character'. -पादपम् ind. in every tree. -पाप a. returning sin for sin, requiting evil for evil. -पु(पू)रुषः 1 a like or similar man. -2 a substitute, deputy. -3 a companion. -4 the effigy of a man pushed by thieves into the interior of a house before entering it themselves (to ascertain if any body is awake). -5 an effigy in general. (-षम्) ind. man by man, for each man. -पुस्तकम् a copy of an original manuscript. -पूर्वाह्णम् ind. every forenoon. -प्रति a. counter-balancing, equal to. -प्रभातम् ind. every morning. -प्रसवः 1 (As opposed to अनुप्रसव) tracing causes back to the origin as -a pot, a lump of mud, mud, clay, Pātañjala Yogadarśana. -2 Negation of (or exception to) a negation. The force of a प्रतिप्रसव is positive, limiting as it does the scope of a प्रतिषेध or negation. Hence it is just the opposite of परिसंख्या whose force is negative or exclusive since it limits the scope of a positive statement. प्रतिप्रसवो$यं न परिसंख्या ŚB. on MS.1.7.45. -प्रकारः an outer wall or rampart. -प्रियम् a kindness or service in return; प्रतिप्रियं चेद् भवतो न कुर्यां वृथा हि मे स्यात् स्वपदोपलब्धिः R.5.56. -बन्धुः an equal in rank or station; Mb.5.121.13. -बलः a. 1 able, powerful. -2 equal in strength, equally matched or powerful. (-लम्) 1 a hostile army; अस्त्रज्वालावलीढप्रतिबलजलधेरन्तरौर्वायमाणे Ve.3.7. -2 strength. -बाहु 1 the forepart of the arm. -2 an opposite side (in a square or polygon). -बि (वि) म्बः, -म्बम् 1 a reflection, reflected image; ज्योतिषां प्रतिबिम्बानि प्राप्नु- वन्त्युपहारताम् Ku.6.42; Śi.9.18. -2 an image, a picture. -बीजम् a rotten seed. -भट a. vying with, rivalling; घटप्रतिभटस्तनि N.13.5. (-टः) 1 a rival, an opponent; निवासः कन्दर्पप्रतिभटजटाजूटभवने G. L.21. -2 a warrior on the opposite side; समालोक्याजौ त्वां विदधति विकल्पान् प्रतिभटाः K. P.1. -भय a. 1 fearful, formidable, terrible, frightful. -2 dangerous; स्वगृहोद्यानगते$पि स्निग्धैः पापं विशङ्क्यते मोहात् । किमु दृष्टबह्वपायप्रतिभयकान्तारमध्यस्थे ॥ Pt.2.171; Nāg.5.1.; Bhāg.1.6.14. (-यम्) a danger; सुनन्द, श्रुतं मया संनिहितगरुडप्रतिभयमुद्देशं जामाता जीमूतवाहनो गतः Nāg.5. -भैरव a. dreadful. -मञ्चः a kind of measure (in music.) -मञ्चाः Platforms opposite to each other; दशभागिकौ द्वौ प्रतिमञ्चौ Kau. A.2.3.21. -मण्डलम् 1 a secondary disc (of the sun &c.). -2 an eccentric orbit. -मन्दिरम् ind. in every house. -मल्लः an antagonist, a rival; उपेयिवांसं प्रतिमल्लतां रयस्मये जितस्य प्रसभं गरुत्मतः N.1.63; पातालप्रतिमल्लगल्ल &c. Māl.5.22. -मानना worship (पूजा); स्पर्शमशुचिवपुरर्हति न प्रतिमाननां तु नितरां नृपोचिताम् Śi.15.35. -माया a counter-spell or charm; प्रतिमाया कृतं च तत् Mb.1.34.22. -मार्गः the way back; Mb.4. -मार्गम् ind. back, backwards. -माला capping verses (Mar. भंडी). -मासम् ind. every month, monthly. -मित्रम् an enemy, adversary. -मुख a. standing before the face, facing; प्रतिमुखागत Ms.8.291. -2 near, present. (-खम्) a secondary plot or incident in a drama which tends either to hasten or retard the catastrophe; see S. D.334 and 351-364. (-खम्) ind. 1 towards. -2 in front, before. -मुखरी a particular mode of drumming. -मुद्रा 1 a counterseal. -2 the impression of a seal. -मुहूर्तम् ind. every moment. -मूर्तिः f. an image, a likeness. -मूषिका f. a musk-rat (Mar. चिचुंदरी). -यूथपः the leader of a hostile herd of elephants. -रथः an adversary in war (lit. in fighting in a war-chariot); दौष्यन्तिमप्रतिरथं तनयं निवेश्य Ś.4.2. -रथ्यम् in every road; अस्मिन् नगरे प्रतिरथ्यं भुजङ्गबद्धसंचारे Udb. -रवः, -ध्वनिः 1 an echo; प्रतिरवविततो वनानि चक्रे Ki.1.4. -2 quarrel; controversy. -3 (Ved.) life (प्राण). -रसितम् an echo; केनास्मत् सिंह- नादप्रतिरसितसखो दुन्दुभिस्ताड्यते$यम् Ve.1.22. -राजः a hostile king. -रात्रम् ind. every night. -रूप a. 1 corresponding, similar, having a counter-part in; अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव Kaṭh.2.2.9. -2 beautiful. -3 suitable, proper; इदं न प्रतिरूपं ते स्त्रीष्वदाक्षिण्यमीदृशम् Bu. Ch.4.66; आत्मनः प्रतिरूपं सा बभाषे चारुहासिनी Rām.4. 19.17. -4 facing (अभिमुख); प्रतिरूपं जनं कुर्यान्न चेत् तद् वर्तते यथा Mb.12.97.16 (com. प्रतिरूपं युद्धाभिमुखम्). (-पम्) 1 a picture, an image, a likeness. -2 a mirror-like reflecting object; अदर्शनं स्वशिरसः प्रतिरूपे च सत्यपि Bhāg. 1.42.28. -4 an object of comparison (उपमान); भवान्मे खलु भक्तानां सर्वेषां प्रतिरूपधृक् Bhāg.7.1.21. -रूपक a. resembling, similar (at the end of comp.); जहीमान् राक्षसान् पापानात्मनः प्रतिरूपकान् Mb.3.29.11; चेष्टाप्रतिरूपिका मनोवृत्तिः Ś.1. (-कम्) 1 a picture, an image; अग्निदैर्गर- दैश्चैव प्रतिरूपककारकैः Mb.12.59.49. -2 a forged edict; जर्जरं चास्य विषयं कुर्वन्ति प्रतिरूपकैः Mb.12.56.52. -3 a reflection. -लक्षणम् a mark, sign, token. -लिपिः f. a transcript, a written copy. -लेखः a writ of reply; प्रावृत्तिकश्च प्रतिलेख एव Kau. A.2.1.28. -लोम a. 1 'against the
hair or grain', contray to the natural order, inverted, reverse (opp. अनुलोम); नववर्षसहस्राक्षः प्रतिलोमो$भवद् गुरुः Bhāg.12.14.15. -2 contrary to caste (said of the issue of a woman who is of a higher caste than her husband). -3 hostile. -4 low, vile, base. -5 left (वाम). -6 obstinate, perverse; अपरिचितस्यापि ते$प्रतिलोमः संवृत्तः Ś.7. -7 disagreeable, unpleasant. (-मम्) any injurious or unpleasant act. (-मम्) ind. 'against the hair or grain', inversely, invertedly. ˚ज a. born in the inverse order of the castes; i. e. born of a mother who is of a higher caste than the father; cf. Ms.1.16,25. -लोमक a. reverse, inverted; राजन्यविप्रयोः कस्माद् विवाहः प्रतिलोमकः Bhāg.9.18.5. -कम् inverted order. -लोमतः ind. 1 in consequence of the inverted order or course; Ms.1.68. -2 in an unfriendly manner; यदा बहुविधां वृद्धिं मन्येत प्रतिलोमतः Mb.12.13.39. -वत्सरम् ind. every year. -वनम् ind. in every forest. -वर्णिक a. similar, corresponding. -वर्धिन् a. being a match for. -वर्षम् ind. every year. -वस्तु n. 1 an equivalent, a counterpart. -2 anything given in return. -3 a parallel. ˚उपमा a figure of speech thus defined by Mammaṭa:-- प्रतिवस्तूपमा तु सा ॥ सामान्यस्य द्विरेकस्य यत्र वाक्यद्वये स्थितिः । K. P.1; e. g. तापेन भ्राजते सूर्यः शूरश्चापेन राजते Chandr.5. 48. -वातः a contrary wind; प्रतिवाते$नुवाते च नासीत गुरुणा सह Ms.2.23. (-तम्) ind. against the wind; चीनांशुक- मिव केतोः प्रतिवातं नीयमानस्य Ś.1.33. -वारणः a hostile elephant. -वासरम् ind. every day. -विटपम् ind. 1 on every branch. -2 branch by branch. -विषम् an antidote. (-षा) a birch tree. -विष्णुकः a Muchakunda tree. -वीरः an opponent, antagonist. -वीर्यम् being equal to or a match for. -वृषः a hostile bull. -वेलम् ind. at each time, on every occasion. -वेशः 1 a neighbouring house, neighbourhood. -2 a neighbour. -वेशिन् a. a neighbour; दृष्ट्वा प्रभातसमये प्रतिवेशिवर्गः Mk.3.14. -वेश्मन् n. a neighbour's house. -वेश्यः a neighbour. -वैरम् requital of hostilities revenge. -शब्दः 1 echo, reverberation; वसुधाधरकन्दराभिसर्पी प्रतिशब्दो$पि हरेर्भिनत्ति नागान् V. 1.16; Ku.6.64; R.2.28. -2 a roar. -शशिन् m. a mock-moon. -शाखम् ind. for every branch or school (of the Veda). -शाखा a side-branch; महाभूतविशेषश्च विशेषप्रतिशाखवान् Mb.14.35.21. -संवत्सरम् ind. every year. -सङ्गक्षिका 1 a cloak to keep off the dust; Buddh. -संदेशः a reply to the message; दर्पसारस्य प्रति- संदेशमावेदयत् D. K.2.1. -सम a. equal to, a match for. -सव्य a. in an inverted order. -सामन्तः an enemy. -सायम् ind. every evening. -सूर्यः, -सूर्यकः 1 a mock-sun. -2 a lizard, chameleon; 'कृकलासस्तु सरटः प्रतिसूर्यः शयानकः ।' Hemchandra; तृष्यद्भिः प्रतिसूर्यकैरजगरस्वेदद्रवः पीयते U.2.16. -सेना, सैन्यम् a hostile army; निहतां प्रतिसैन्येन वडवामिव पातिताम् Rām.2.114.17. -स्थानम् ind. in every place, everywhere. -स्मृतिः N. of particular kind of magic; गृहाणेमां मया प्रोक्तां सिद्धिं मूर्तिमतीमिव । विद्यां प्रतिस्मृतिं नाम Mb.3.36.3. -स्रोतस् ind. against the stream; सरस्वतीं प्रतिस्रोतं ययौ ब्राह्मणसंवृतः Bhāg.1.78. 18. -a. going against the stream; अथासाद्य तु कालिन्दी प्रतिस्रोतः समागताम् Rām.2.55.5. -हस्तः, -हस्तकः a deputy, an agent, substitute, proxy; आश्रितानां भृतौ स्वामिसेवायां धर्मसेवने । पुत्रस्योत्पादने चैव न सन्ति प्रतिहस्तकाः ॥ H.2.33. -हस्तीकृ to take; Pratijñā 3. -हस्तिन् the keeper of a brothel; Dk.2.2.
प्रपञ्चः 1 Display, manifestation; रागप्रायः प्रपञ्चः K.151. -2 Development, expansion, extension; भरतज्ञकविप्रणीत- काव्यग्रथिताङ्का इव नाटकप्रपञ्चाः Śi.2.44. -3 Amplification, expatiation, explanation, elucidation. -4 Prolixity, diffuseness, copiousness; अलं प्रपञ्चेन. -5 Manifoldness, diversity. -6 Heap, abundance, quantity. -7 An appearance, phenomenon. -8 Illusion, fraud. -9 The visible world or universe, which is illusory and the scene of manifold action. -1 Reciprocal false praise. -11 Opposition, inversion. -12 Analysis. -13 (In dram.) Ludicrous dialogue. -14 (In gram.) The repetition of an obscure rule in a clearer form. -Comp. -चतुर a. skilful in assuming different forms; Amaru. -बुद्धि a. cunning, deceitful. -वचनम् a prolix discourse, diffuse talk.
भाग्यम् a. [भज्-ण्यत् कुत्वम्] 1 To be divided, divisible. -2 Entitled to a share. -3 Forming a part. -4 Subject to fractional deduction. -5 Lucky, fortunate. -ग्यम् 1 Fate, destiny, luck, fortune; स्त्रियाचरित्रं पुरुषस्य भाग्यं देवो न जानाति कुतो मनुष्यः Subhāṣ; oft. in pl.; सा निन्दन्ती स्वानि भाग्यानि बाला Ś.5.3. -2 Good fortune or luck; R.3.13. -3 Prosperity, affluence; भाग्येष्वनुत्सेकिनी Ś.4.18. -4 Happiness, welfare. (भाग्येन fortunately, happily). -Comp. -आयत्त a. dependent on fate; भाग्यायत्तमतः परम् Ś.4.17; cf. also भाग्येषु शेषमायत्तं दृष्टपूर्वं न चान्यथा Pratijñā Y.2.5. -उदयः 1 dawn of good fortune, lucky occurrence. -ऋक्षम् (भाग्यर्क्षम्) the asterism पूर्वा- फल्गुनी. -क्रमः course or turn of fortune; भाग्यक्रमेण हि धनानि भवन्ति यान्ति Mk.1.13. -पञ्चः a kind of pavilion; Vastuvidyā. -योगः a lucky or fortunate juncture. रहित a. deserted by fortune, miserable; प्रायो गच्छति यत्र भाग्यरहितस्तत्रैव यान्त्यापदः Bh.2.9. -विप्लवः ill-luck, adverseness of fate; अथवा मम भाग्यविप्लवादशनिः कल्पित एष वेधसा R.8.47. -वशात् ind. through the will of fate, luckily, fortunately. -संक्षयः bad fortune, calamity. -संपद् good fortune, prosperity.
भिन्न p. p. [भिद्-क्त] 1 Broken, torn, split, rent; संछिन्नभिन्नसर्वाङ्गाः सर्त्विक्सभ्या भयाकुलाः । स्वयंभुवे नमस्कृत्य Bhāg. 4.6.2. -2 Divided, separated. -3 Detached, disunited, disjoined; scattered; भिन्नं च वानरानीकम् Rām.6.67.8. -4 Expanded, blown, opened; भिन्नैलासुरभिमुवाह गन्धवाहः Ki.7.38. -5 Different from, other than (with abl.); तस्मादयं भिन्नः. -6 Different, varied; भिन्नरुचिर्हि लोकः R.6. 3. -7 Loosened. -8 Mingled, mixed, blended; एकत्र स्फटिकतटांशुभिन्ननीरा नीलाश्मद्युतिभिदुराम्भसो$परत्र Śi.4.26. -9 Deviating from. -1 Changed. -11 Furious; दुरुक्तैर्भिन्न- मात्मानं यः समाधातुमीश्वरः Bhāg.11.23.2. -12 Without, deprived of. -13 Undutiful, vicious; भिन्नवृत्तिता Ms.12. 33; नैतत् खलायोपदिशेत् ...... न भिन्नाय Bhāg.3.32.39. -14 Stood up (as hair); खरोष्ट्राश्वतरा राजन् भिन्नरोमाः स्रवन्ति च Rām.6.1.18. -15 Seduced, bribed; H. (See भिद्). -न्नः 1 A defect or flaw in a gem. -न्नम् 1 A bit, fragment, part. -2 A blossom. -3 A wound, stab; शक्तिकुन्तेषुखड्गाग्रविषाणैराशयो हतः । यत् किंचित् प्रसवेत् तद्धि भिन्न- मित्यभिधीयते Bhāva. P. -4 A fraction. -Comp. -अञ्जनम् a kind of mixed collyrium, made of many pounded ingredients; प्रयान्ति ...... भिन्नाञ्जनवर्णतां घनाः Śi.12.68; Me.61; Ṛs.3.5. -अर्थ a. clear, evident, intelligible; स्फुटभिन्नार्थमुदाहरद् वचः Śi.16.1. (-र्थम्) ind. clearly, distinctly, unenigmatically; न खल्ववगच्छामि भिन्नार्थमभि- धीयताम् Ś.2. -उदरः 'born of a different womb or mother',
a half-brother. -कट a. furious, in rut; भेजे भिन्नकटै- र्नागैरन्यानुपरुरोध यैः R.4.83. -करटः an elephant in rut (from whose temples ichor exudes). -कर्ण a. having divided ears (said of particular animals); P.VI.3. 115. -कुम्भः a person who has regained his liberty by redeeming his pledge. -कूट a. 1 deprived of a leader (as an army). -2 employing a different stratagem. -क्रम a. out of order, disordered. -गति a. 1 going with broken steps. -2 going quickly. -गर्भ a. broken up (in the centre), disorganized. -गात्रिका Cucumis Usitatissimus (Mar. चिबूड). -गुणनम् multiplication of fractions; अंशाहतिश्छेदवधेन भक्ता लब्धं विभिन्ने गुणने फलं स्यात् Līlā. -घनः the cube of a fraction. -दर्शिन् a. making or seeing a difference, partial. -देश a. belonging to different places; कृत्ययोर्भिन्नेदशत्वाद् द्वैधीभवति मे मनः । Ś.2.18. -देह a. wounded. -नौ a. ship-wrecked. -परिकर्मन् n. any one of the arithmetical operations with fractions. -प्रकार a. of a different kind or sort. -भागहरः division of fractions. -भाजनम् a potsherd. -मन्त्र a. one who has betrayed a plan; Rām. -मर्मन् a. wounded in vital parts, mortally wounded. -मर्याद a. 1 one who has transgressed the due limits, disrespectful; आः, तातापवादभिन्नमर्याद U.5. -2 unrestrained, uncontrolled. -रुचि a. having different tastes; भिन्नरुचिर्हि लोकः R.6.3. -लिङ्गम्, -वचनम् incongruity of gender or number in a composition; see K.P.1. -वर्गः the square of a fraction. -वर्चस्, वर्चस्क a. voiding excrement. -वर्ण a. 1 discoloured, pale. -2 of a different caste or tribe. -वृत्त a. 1 leading a bad life, abandoned. -2 containing a metrical fault. -वृत्ति a. 1 leading a bad life, following evil courses; तदन्तःपुरेषु चामी भिन्नवृत्तेषु मन्दत्रासा बहुसुखैरवर्तन्त Dk.2.8. -2 having different feelings or tastes or emotions. -3 having different occupations. -व्यवकलितम् subtraction of fractions. -संहति a. disunited, dissolved. -संकलनम्, -संकलितम् addition of fractions. -स्वर a. 1 having a changed voice, faltering. -2 discordant. -हृतिः f. division of fractions. -हृदय a. pierced through the heart; बाणभिन्नहृदया निपेतुषी R.11.19.
मुक्त p. p. [मुच्-क्त] 1 Loosened, relaxed, slackened. -2 Set free, liberated, relaxed. -3 Abandoned, left, given up, set aside, taken off. -4 Thrown, cast, discharged, hurled. -5 Fallen down, dropped down from; विदन्ति मार्गं नखरन्ध्रमुक्तैर्मुक्ताफलैः Ku.1.6. -6 Drooping, unnerved; मुक्तैरवयवैरशयिषि Dk. -7 Given, bestowed. -8 Sent forth, emitted. -9 Finally saved or emancipated. -1 Ejected, spit out. -11 Deprived. -12 Absolved or emancipated (from sin or worldly existence); see मुच् also. -13 Opened, blown (as a flower); मुक्तपुष्पावकीर्णेन (शोभिता) Rām.5.1.8. -14 Set up, established (प्रवर्तित); स दण्डो विधिवन्मुक्तः Rām.7.79.9. -क्तः One who is finally emancipated from the bonds of worldly existence, one who has renounced all worldly attachments and secured final beatitude, an absolved saint; सुभाषितेन गीतेन युवतीनां च लीलया । मनो न भिद्यते यस्य स वै मुक्तो$थवा पशुः ॥ Subhāṣ. -क्तम् The spirit released from worldly existence. -Comp. -अम्बरः a Jaina mendicant of the digambara class. -आत्मन् a. finally saved or emancipated. (-m.) 1 the soul absolved from sins or from worldly matter. -2 a person whose soul is absolved. -आसन a. rising from a seat. (-नम्) a particular position of ascetics (सिद्धासन). -कच्छः a Buddhist. -कञ्चुकः a snake that has cast off its slough. -कण्ठ a. raising a cry. (-ण्ठम्) ind. bitterly, loudly, aloud; सा मुक्तकण्ठं व्यसनातिभाराच्चक्रन्द विग्ना कुररीव भूयः R.14.68. -कर, -हस्त a. open-handed, liberal, bountiful. -केश a. letting the hair hang down, having the hair dishevelled. -चक्षुस् m. a lion. -चेतस् a. absolved, emancipated. -प्रपाङ्गम् an open court-yard connected with a tank; मुक्तप्रपाङ्गमपि दारुशिलेष्टकाद्यैः । रत्नैरनेकबहुलोह- विशेषकैश्च ॥ Mānasāra 47.31-32. -बन्धन a. free from bondage; पश्य मूषिकमात्रेण कपोता मुक्तबन्धनाः. -लज्ज a. shameless. -वसनः see मुक्ताम्बर. -शैशव a. adult, grown up. -संग a. free from (wordly) ties or attachments, disinterested. (-गः) an ascetic of the fourth religious order (परिव्राजक).
विप्लव a. Perflexed, confused; मुमूर्षूणां हि मन्दात्मन्ननु स्युर्विप्लवा गिरः Bhāg.7.8.12. -वः 1 Floating or drifting about, floating in different directions. -2 Opposition, contrariety. -3 Confusion, perplexity. -4 Tumult, scuffle, affray; M.1. -5 Devastation, predatory warfare, danger from an enemy. -6 Extortion. -7 Loss, destruction; सत्त्वविप्लवात् R.8.41; तद्वाग्विसर्गो जनताघविप्लवः Bhāg.1.5. 11. -8 Adverseness, evil turn; अथवा मम भाग्यविल्पवात् R. 8.47. -9 The rust on a mirror (dust accumulating on its surface); अपवर्जितविप्लवे शुचौ ... मतिरादर्श इवाभिदृश्यते Ki.2.26 (where विप्लव also means प्रमाणबाधः 'absence of reasoning'). -1 Transgression, violation; गुरूपदिष्टेन रिपौ सुते$पि वा निहन्ति दण्डेन स धर्मविप्लवम् Ki.1.13. -11 An evil, a calamity. -12 Sin, wickedness, sinfulness. -13 Terrifying an enemy by shouts and gestures. -14 Divulging, making public. -15 Profanation of the Veda by unseasonable study. -16 Shipwreck.
विस्रंस् 1 Ā. 1 To slip down, become loosened. -2 To fall down, drop, slip. -Caus. 1 To cause to fall down, let fall; विस्रंसयन्ती नवकर्णिकारम् Ku.3.62. -2 To loosen, relax, slacken. -3 To betray.
समासः 1 Aggregation, union, composition. -2 Composition of words, a compound; (the principal kinds of compounds are four :-- द्वन्द्व, तत्पुरुष, बहुव्रीहि, and अव्ययीभाव q. q. v. v.). -3 Reconciliation, composition of differences. -4 A collection, an assemblage; यद्वविज्ञात- मिवाभूदित्येतासामेव देवतानां समासः Ch. Up.6.4.7. -5 Whole, totality. -6 Contraction, conciseness, brevity; एष समासः । सर्वथा प्रवेष्टव्यं कुन्तिभोजस्य कन्यापुरम् Avimārakam 2; एष समासः, अद्यास्मि महासेनः Pratijñā.2. -7 Euphonic combination (संधि). -8 Completion, end; L. D. B. (समासेन, समासतः means 'in short', 'briefly', 'succinctly'; एषा धर्मस्य वो योनिः समासेन प्रकीर्तिता Ms.2.25;3.2; इति क्षेत्रं तथा ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं चोक्तं समासतः Bg.13.18; समासतः श्रूयताम् V.2.) -Comp. -अध्याहारः supplying an ellipsis in a compound. -अर्था a part of a stanza proposed to be completed (= समस्या q. v.). -उक्तिः f. a figure of speech thus defined by Mammaṭa :-- परोक्तिर्भेदकैः श्लिष्टैः समासोक्तिः K. P.1.
समाहारः 1 A collection, an aggregate, assemblage; Māl.9; ततः कपिसमाहारमेकनिश्चायमागतम् Bk.7.34. -2 Composition of words. -3 Conjunction of words or sentences. -4 A subdivision of Dvandva and Dvigu compounds expressing an aggregate (as त्रिभुवनम्). -5 Abridgment, contraction, conciseness. -6 Combination of two letters of the alphabet into a syllable (= प्रत्याहार q. v.).
स्वरः [स्वर्-अच्, स्वृ-अप् वा] 1 Sound, noise. -2 Voice; स्वरेण तस्याममृतस्रुतेव प्रजल्पितायामभिजातवाचि Ku.1.45. -3 A note of the musical scale or gamut, a tone, tune; (these are seven:-- निषादर्षभगान्धारषड्जमध्यमधैवताः ॥ पञ्चम- श्चेत्यमी सप्त तन्त्रीकण्ठोत्थिताः स्वराः Ak.); सप्त स्वरास्त्रयो ग्रामा मूर्छनाश्चैकविंशतिः Pt.5.54. -4 The number 'seven'. -5 A vowel. -6 An accent; (these are three; उदात्त, अनुदात्त and स्वरित q. q. v. v.); निहन्त्यरीनेकपदे य उदात्तः स्वरानिव Śi.2.95. -7 Air breathed through the nostrils. -8 Snoring. -9 Sweetness of tune or tone; तस्मादार्त्विज्यं करिष्यन् वाचि स्वरमिच्छेत तया वाचा स्वरसंपन्नयार्त्विज्यं कुर्यात् Bṛi. Up.1.3.25. -रा N. of the chief wife of Brahman. -Comp. -अंशः a half or quarter tone (in music). -अङ्कः a kind of musical composition. -अन्तरम् the interval between two vowels, hiatus. -उदय a. followed by a vowel. (-यः) 1 the production of sound. -2 see स्वरशास्त्र. -उपघातः hoarseness. -उपध a. preceded by a vowel. -कम्पः trembling of tone. -कर a. producing voice -क्षयः the loss of voice. -ग्रामः the musical scale, gamut. -च्छिद्रम् the sound-hole of a flute. -दीप्त a. (in augury) inauspicious with regard to voice. -नाभिः a kind of flute. -पत्तनम् N. of the Sāma-veda. -परिवर्तः change of voice. -वद्ध composed in musical measure. -ब्रह्मन् the Brahman as manifested in sound; स्वरब्रह्मणि निर्भातहृषीकेशपदाम्बुजे अखण्डं चित्तमावेश्य लोकाननुचरन् मुनिः ॥ Bhāg.6.5.22. -भक्तिः f. a vowel-sound phonetically inserted in the pronunciation of र् or ल् when these letters are followed by a sibilant or any single consonant; (e. g. वर्ष pronounced as वरिष). -भङ्गः, -भेदः 1 indistinctness of utterance, broken articulation. -2 hoarseness or cracking of voice. -भङ्गिन् m. a kind of bird. -मञ्चनृत्यम् a kind of dance. -मण्डलम् the circle of notes, arrangement of musical scales; सप्त स्वरास्त्रयो ग्रामा मूर्च्छनाश्चैकविंशतः तानास्त्वेकोनपञ्चाशदित्येतत्स्वरमण्डलम् ॥ Pt.5. 54. -मण्डलिका a kind of lute (वीणा). -मात्रा strength of sound. -योगः voice. -लासिका a flute, pipe. -विभक्तिः separation of a vowel. -शास्त्रम् 1 the science of the modulation of sounds. -2 the science of the passage of the air through the nostrils (as bearing on the prognostication of future events). -शुद्ध a. correct in musical measure. -शून्य a. without musical notes, unmelodious, unmusical. -संयोगः 1 the junction of vowels. -2 the union of notes or sounds, i. e. voice; अन्य एवैष स्वरसंयागः Mk.1,3; U.3; पण्डितकौशिक्या इव स्वरसंयोगः श्रूयते M.5. -संक्रमः 1 a transition or succession of notes; तं तस्य स्वरसंक्रमं मृदुगिरः श्लिष्टं च तन्त्रीस्वनम् Mk.3.5. -2 the gamut. -संदेहविवादः a kind of round game; K. -संधिः the coalition of vowels. -संपद् f. melody of voice. -संपन्न a. having a melodious voice. -सामन् m. pl. epithets of particular days in a sacrificial session.
ह्रस् 1 P. (ह्रसति, ह्रसित) 1 To sound. -2 To become small or diminished or lessened, wane, disappear; चक्षुर्भ्राम्यति रूपमेव ह्रसते वक्त्रं च लालायते Pt.4.78. -Caus. To shorten, lessen, diminish.
f. too great addiction, to (g.); -prasa&ndot;ga, m. id.; too wide application (of a gr. rule); excessive diffuseness; -prastâva, m. very suitable opportunity.
a. blunt; relaxed; dulled: -tâ, f. absence of felling (in a limb); -tva, n. dulness, obtuseness; -a½asma-mâlâ-maya, a. consisting of a series of blunt stones; -î-kri, blunt; -î-bhû, prove ineffectual.
a. deep; dense; impenetra ble (also fig.); n. depth, abyss; thicket; lurking-place; impenetrable darkness; thick cluster: -tva, n. denseness; impenetrability.
m. shaking, looseness (of the teeth); -aka, m. obstinate person; -ana, n. moving, wagging, motion, shaking; loosening: î, f. sieve; strainer; -ya, fp. to be moved; to be diverted.
f. rigidity, motionlessness, numbness, apathy; obtuseness, stupidity; -tva, n. id.; -dhî, a. dull-witted; -prakriti, a. id.; buddhi, a. id.; -bhâva, m. coolness, freshness; -mati, a. dull-minded, stupid.
a. mis-shapen, deform ed, ugly; -âkranda, a. having bad friends, friendless; -âgama, m. dishonest acquisition; -âkara, a. (î) hard to practise; difficult to treat or cure; -âkâra, m. bad conduct or cus tom; a. ill-behaved, of bad conduct, impious; -âtma-tâ, f. wickedness, baseness; -âtman, a. evil-minded, wicked, base, impious; -âtma vat, a. id.; -âdhara, a. hard to check, irre sistible; hard to obtain; hard to guard; -â dhársha, a. hard to attack; dangerous; -âna ma, a. hard to bend (bow); -&asharp;pa, a. hard to come up with; hard to attain; -ârâdhya, fp. hard to conciliate; hard to worship; -âruha, a. hard to climb; -âropa, a. hard to string; -âroha, a. hard to climb or ascend to: -tâ, f. abst. n.; -âlakshya, fp. hard to perceive; -âlamba, a. hard to gain a footing on; -âlam bha, a. hard to grasp; -âloka, a. hard to per ceive; -âvara, a. hard to close or protect; -âvaha, a. hard to conduct to (--°ree;); -âvâra, a. hard to close; difficult to check; -âvâsin, a. having bad quarters; -&asharp;vî, a. hard to pass (v. l. dur&asharp;yya).
a. ill-spoken, abusive (word); hard to answer; -vakana, n. pl. hard words, abuse (Pr.); -vakas, n. id.; stupid words; a. abusive; hard to answer; -vanig, m. rogue of a merchant; -varna, m. bad colour; im purity; (-várna), a. having a bad colour or complexion; of low caste; n. silver; -vala, a. having a skin disease; -vasa, a. (n. it is) hard to dwell; hard to pass (time); -vasati, f. painful residence; a. hard to bear; -execute or accomplish; -vâk, f. abuse; a. abu sive; -vâkya, a. difficult to utter, harsh (words); n. abuse; ill-tidings; -vâda, m. blame, reproach; -vânta, pp. that has not fully vomited the blood it has sucked (leech); -vâra,a. hard to restrain or check; irresist ible; -vârana, a. id.; -vârttâ, f. ill-tidings; -vârya, fp. hard to restrain or check, irre sistible: -tâ, f. abst. n.; -vâla, a. bald-headed or red-haired or afflicted with skin disease; -vâsanâ, f.false notion; -v&asharp;sas, a. ill-clad; m. N. of an irascible Brâhman; -vâhita, n. heavy burden; -vikatthana, a. disagreeably boastful; -vikalpa, m. unjustifiable irresolution; -vigâha, a. hard to fathom or penetrate; profound; serious, critical; -vigâhya, fp. id.; -vikâra, m. ill-timed hesitation; a. very irresolute; -vigñâna, n. difficult ascer tainment; a. (á) hard to comprehend; -vi- gñeya, fp. hard to distinguish; -vidagdha, pp. perverse;-vidya, a. uneducated; -vidha, a. mean, base; -vidhi, m. evil destiny; -vi naya, m. imprudent behaviour; -vinîta, pp. ill-bred, ill-behaved: -ka, a. id.; -vipâka, m. ill-ripening, evil issue; a. having evil conse quences; -vibhâva, a. hard to comprehend; -vibhâvana, a. hard to perceive; -vibhâvya, fp. id.; indistinctly visible; hard to compre hend; -vilasita, n. wicked trick; -vivâha, m. blamable marriage; -vivekana, a. hard to judge rightly; -vishaha, a. hard to en dure or overcome; irresistible; hard to per form or accomplish; -vritta, n. bad or base conduct, baseness; a. ill-conducted, wicked; poor; m. wicked man; -vritti, f. distress, misery; baseness; -vyavasita, n. evil intent; -vyavasthâpa-ka, a. pronouncing a bad or unfavourable decision; -vyavahâra, m. bad decision of a suit; -vyavahriti, f. evil rumour; -vyasana, n. evil passion, vice; -vyâhrita, pp. ill-spoken; n. unsuitable utterance.
pp. √ kri; n. fraud; -kri ti, a. dishonest; base; f. dishonesty, fraud, baseness: -pragña, a. versed in fraud, -mat, a. dishonest; -krítvan, a. delusive; -krint ana, a. cutting off, destroying; n.slaughter, destruction of (g. or --°ree;); -krishta, pp. √ krish: -½âsaya, a. having a base disposition: -tâ, f. abst. n.; -½upâdhi, a. conditioned by some thing lower: -tâ, f. abst. n.
a. freed from all sin: -tâ, f. abst. n.; -gati, f. setting out; -gandha, a. scentless: -tâ, f. -ness; -gama, m. going out, departure, escape from (ab.); vanishing; outlet, exit; destination of an export; issue, conclusion; -gamana, n. going out of (--°ree;); -garva, a. free from pride; -garha, a. blameless; -gavâksha, a. windowless; -gahana, a. knowing no precipices=intrepid; -guna,a. lacking a cord; stringless (bow); destitute of qualities; worthless, base, bad: -tâ, f., -tva, n. lack of all qualities; worthlessness, baseness, wickedness; -gulika, a. lacking a pill; -griha, a. (î) houseless; -gaurava, a.devoid ofreverence: -m, ad. condescendingly; -grantha, a. freed from all bonds; m. naked Jain mendicant; -granthika, m. naked Jain mendicant; -graha, m. ascertainment.
m. sacrifice to men, i.e. hospitality; -loka, m. world of men, earth; -vát, a. manly; belonging to or consisting of men; -vara, m. best of men, prince, king; -samsa, a. injurious to mankind, noxious, malicious, base: -tâ, f. mischievousness, baseness; -samsita, n. malignity, baseness; -shád, a. sitting among men; -simha, m. man-lion, great hero; half man half lion, the fourth Avatâr of Vishnu; N.: -ka, m.man-lion, Vishnu; -soma, m. moon among men, i. e. distinguished man; -hari, m. man-lion, the fourth Avatâr of Vishnu.
pp. (√ 2. pî) swelling, full, round; robust, muscular; -kakudmat, a. having a fat hump; -tâ, f. fatness; -tva, n. id.; denseness (of darkness); -sroni-payodhara, a. having swelling hips and breasts.
m. [√ ki] picking, gathering; accumulation, collection, quantity, multitude; -kayana, n. collecting; -kaya-svara, m. accumulated tone (i. e. tone occurring in a series of syllables), tone of the unaccented syllables following a Svarita; -karana, n. setting to work: &isharp;, f. kind of supplementary wooden ladle (rit.); -karanîya, fp. being in actual use (Br., S.); -karitavya, fp. n. imps. one should set to work;-kala, a. moving, tremulous, shaking; -kalana, n trembling, swaying; fleeing; -kalâyita, (den. pp.), n. nodding while asleep (âsîna-, -in a sitting posture); -kalita, pp. set out, departed, etc.; -kâra, m. walking about, ranging; going in pursuit of (--°ree;); showing oneself, manifestation, appearance; application, employment; currency; conduct, behaviour; pasture-ground; exercising-ground; -kârana, n. scattering; -kârin, a. going about; attaching oneself to (lc., --°ree;); acting, behaving; -kita, pp. (√ ki), pronounced with the Prakaya tone; -kura, a. abundant, ample, much, many, frequent; --°ree;, abounding in, replete with: -gaha&ntod;a,a. having abundance of impervious passages, -tva, n. abundance of (--°ree;), -ratna-dhana½â gama, a. having a large income of gems and money; -kurī-bhû, grow in extent; -kritta- sikha, a. having loosened braids orflowing hair; (á)-ketas, a. heedful, intelligent, wise (V.); m. (C.), ep. of Varuna; N.; -kodana, n. instigation, incitement; command; -kodin, a. driving before one (--°ree;).
n. symptom; -labhya, fp. obtainable; -lambha, m. obtain ment, acquirement; regainment; compre hension; -lâbha, m. obtainment, acquisition; -li&ndot;gam, ad. at every phallus;-lekhana, n., -lekhâ, f. prescribed cleansing of all utensils; -loka, m. every world; -lomá, a. against the hair, against the grain, contrary, unfavourable; hostile; inverted, contrary to the natural or prescribed order: °ree;-or -m, ad. in the inverted order, in the wrong direction, perversely; in. in an unkind way; -lomaka, a. inverted, contrary to the natural or pre scribed order; n. perverseness; -loma-tas, a. on account of the inverted order or direc tion; in the reverse order or direction; -lo ma½anuloma, a. (against or with the grain), speaking for or against: °ree;-or -m, ad. in the inverted order; in the wrong and (or) the natural order or direction, -tas, ad. in an unfriendly and a friendly manner.
spv. remotest: â bahutamât purushât, down to the remotest descendant; -tara, cpv. more numerous, more, than (ab.); more extensive, greater (fire); too or very much; several: etad eva½asmâkam bahutaram -yad, it is already a great thing for us that --; -m, ad. more; repeatedly; -tara-ka, a. very much or numerous; -tarâm, (ac. f.) ad. highly, greatly, very; -tâ, f. abundance, multitude; -titha, a.(having many tithis or lunar days), long (time); much, manifold: -m, ad. greatly; e&zip;hani, on many a day=for many days; -trina, n. almost grass, a mere straw; -trish- na, a. suffering from great thirst; -trivarsha, a.almost three years old; -tva, n. multiplicity, multitude; majority, opinion of the majority; plural; -dakshiná, a. accompanied by many gifts (sacrifice); -dâna, n. bounteous gift; 2. a. (á) munificent; -dâyin, a. id.; -drisvan,m. great observer, very learned man; -devata, a. addressed to many deities (verse); -devatyã, a. belonging to many gods; -daivata, a. relating to many gods; -dosha, 1. m. great harm or disadvantage; 2. a. having many drawbacks (forest); -dhana, a. possessing much wealth, very rich: -½îsvara, m. very wealthy man; -dh&asharp;, ad. in many ways, parts, or places; variously; many times, repeatedly; very: -kri, multiply; spread abroad;-nâman, a. having many names; -patnîka, a. having many wives: -tâ, f. polygamy; -pada, a. many footed; -parná, a. many-leaved; -pasu, a. rich in cattle; -pâda, a. many-footed; hav ing several pâdas (verse); -putra, a.having many sons or children; -pushpa-phala½upe ta, pp. having many flowers and fruits; -pra kâra, a. manifold: -m, ad. variously; repeatedly; -prakriti, a. consisting of several nominal bases (compound); -praga, a.rich in children; -pragña, a. very wise; -pra- gñâna-sâlin, a. possessed of much knowledge; -pratigña, a. involving several charges or counts (leg.); -prapañka, a. of great diffuseness, prolix; -pralâpin, a. garrulous; -bhâshin, a. id.; -bhâshya, n. loquacity; -bhug, a. eating much; -bhûmika, a. consisting of many stories (building); -bhoktri, m. great eater; -bhogyâ, f. harlot; -bhog aka, a. eating much; -bhog-in, a. id.: (-i) tâ, f.voracity; -bhauma, a. many-storied (building); -mati, f. high opinion, esteem, respect; -matsya, n. place abounding in fish; -madhya-ga, a. belonging to many; -mantavya, fp. to be highly thought of, prized or esteemed; -mâna, m. high opinion or regard, esteem, respect, for (lc. of prs. or thing, rarely g. of prs.); attaching great im portance to (lc.): -purah-saram, ad. with respect; -mânin, a. held in esteem, respected; -mânya, fp. to be highly thought of, estimable; -mâya, a. having many wiles, artful, treacherous; -mitra, a. having many friends; -mukha, a. many-mouthed, talking of many things; -mûla-phala½anvita, pp. furnished with many roots and fruits; -mûlya, 1. n. large sum of money; 2. a. of great price, costly; -yâgín, a. having offered many sacrifices; -ragas, a. very dusty and having much pollen; -ratna, a. abounding in jewels.
a. dirty, foul, turbid, soiled, stained; unclean, impure, sullied; beclouded (intellect); dark-coloured, dark grey, black; (â, f.) menstruating; n. baseness, wicked ness: -tâ, f. dirtiness, uncleanliness; -tva, n. blackness; wickedness; -manas, a. im pure-minded.
m. feigned anger; -kraya, m. false price; -graha, m. fruitless obstinacy; -½âkâra, m. wrong or improper conduct; a. acting hypocritically; -galpita, (pp.) n. wrong or false talk;-gñâna, n. mis apprehension, error; -tva, n. falseness, un reality; -darsana, n. false appearance; -drish- ti, f. heresy; -½adhîta, n. wrong course of study; -½adhyavasiti, f. false supposition (a figure of speech in which the impossibility of a thing is expressed by making it depend on an impossible contingency: e. g. only one who wears a garland of air will secure the affec tions of a courtesan); -pandita, a. learned or clever only in appearance; -purusha, m. man only in appearance; -pratigña, a. false to one's promise, faithless; -pravâdin, a. speaking falsely, lying; -phala, n. imaginary advantage or reward; -buddhi, f. misappre hension; -½abhidhâ, f. false name; -½abhi dhâna, n. false statement; -½abhiyogin, a. making a false charge; -½abhisamsana, n. false accusation; -½abhisamsin, a. accusing falsely; -½abhisasta, pp. falsely accused; -½abhisasti, f. false charge; -½abhisâpa, m. id.; false prediction; -yoga, m. false em ployment; -½ârambha, m. wrong treatment; -vakana, n. telling an untruth; -vâkya, n. false statement, lie; -vâk, a. speaking falsely, lying; -vâda, m. false statement, lie; a. tell ing an untruth, lying; -vâdin, a. id.; -vyâ pâra, m. wrong occupation, meddling with what is not one's concern; -sâkshin, m. false witness; -stava, m. unfounded praise (pl.); -stotra, n. id. (pl.); -½âhâra, m. wrong diet; -½upakâra, m. pretended service or kind ness; wrong (medical) treatment.
pp. (√ muk) set free, released, from (in., ab.); loosened, detached, fallen or dropped down (fruit); relaxed, languid (limbs); loose (reins); quitted, left free (road), left bare (bank); just left by the sun (cardinal point); abandoned, given up; laid or cast aside (clothes); deposited (flowers); gone, vanished (esp. --°ree;, a.); shed (tears); uttered (sound); sent forth, emitted; thrown down, cast, discharged, hurled; applied (kick); having cast oneself down; delivered from sin or the bonds of existence, emancipated; destitute of (in. or --°ree;); m. N. of a cook.
a. detached, independent; n. independent sloka (the meaning of which is complete in itself); simple prose (without compound words); -kantha, a. or -m, ad. with krand or rud, shout or cry (with relaxed throat=) at the top of one's voice; -kara, a. open-handed, liberal; -kesa, a. (â, î) having loose or dishevelled hair; -tâ, f., -tva, n. deliverance from the bonds of existence, final emancipation; -nidra, a.awakened; -bandh ana, a. released from bonds; -buddhi, a. having one's soul emancipated; -vasana, m. (having cast aside raiment), Jain monk (=dig-ambara); -sâpa, a. having a curse laid aside, released from a curse;-sikha, a. having the top-knot loosened, having the hair hanging down; -saisava, a. (having left childhood behind), grown up; -samsaya, a. free from doubt, undoubted; -sûryâ, a. f. with dis, quarter just quitted by the sun; -svâmin, m. N. of a temple; -hasta, a. open handed, bountiful, liberal.
n. false knowledge, error, ignorance, stupidity; -tva, n. wrongness, falseness; -dâna, n. pretence or vain pro mise of giving; -drishti, a. having a wrong opinion; -½anusâsanin, a.punishing unjustly; -bhâshin, a. speaking falsely; m. liar.
n. swiftness, speed; dex terity, in (--°ree;); lightness; ease of mind, re lief; levity, thoughtlessness; insignificance, meanness, smallness; prosodical shortness; brevity, conciseness (of expression); lack of weight or consequence, derogation of dignity, disrespect: -kârin, a. degrading.
f. lovely-eyed woman; -½itara, a. not left, right; -½eka vritti, a. always acting perversely: -tva, n. perpetual perverseness; -½urû, f. woman with beautiful thighs.
a. (rare, P.) inverted; opposed to (g.); perverse; m. transposition, exchange; change, alteration; inversion, opposite (e. g. samdhi-viparyayau, peace and its opposite=war; prabhâvasya --, opposite of strength=faint; buddhi-, opposite opinion); change for the worse, disfigurement; reverse, mishap, overthrow, calamity, misfortune (rare); perverseness; change of opinion (rare); wrong opinion or notion, error: lc. in the opposite case, otherwise.
m. unyoking, disjunction, termination; deliverance from (ab., --°ree;); liberation from the world; -moktavya, fp. to be set at liberty; -abandoned; -dis charged, at (d., lc.); -moksha, m. being loosened, coming undone; deliverance, re lease, from (ab., --°ree;); liberation of the soul, emancipation; setting (a thief) at liberty; abandonment; shedding (of tears); bestowal (of wealth); discharge (of arrows); -mok shana, a. freeing from (--°ree;); unloosening (the hair); release, deliverance, from (ab., --°ree;; ord. mg.); abandonment; laying (of eggs); -mókana, a. (î) freeing from (--°ree;); n. unyoking, alighting (RV.); releasing from labour (V.); deliverance, from (ab.; C.); -mokita, cs. pp. (√ muk) released etc.; -moha, m. confusion of mind: -ka, a. (i-kâ) confusing the mind, -da, a. producing men tal confusion; -mohana, a. confusing the mind; n. confusion; confusing the mind; -mohin, a. confusing the mind; -mauna, a. breaking silence.
m. (RV.) effulgence, flush (of dawn); n. (C.) cavity, hole; -rokín, a. shining (RV.); -rókana, a. illuminating (rare); m. sun; sun-god; N. of an Asura; -rokish- nu, a. shining, brilliant; -roddhavya,fp. to be fought with; n. imps. one (in.) should fight; -rodha, m. hostility, quarrel, strife, between (g., rarely in., --°ree;), with (in.± saha, --°ree;); logical contradiction, inconsistency, in compatibility, incongruity; conflict with, in jury of (in. --°ree;, at the cost or to the detri ment of); prevention by (--°ree;, rare); misfor tune (rare); perverseness (rare); -rodhaka, a. setting at variance, stirring up; incom patible with (g., --°ree;); -rodha-krit, a. causing dissensions among, stirring up to revolt; -rodha-kriyâ, f. quarrel; -rodhana, a. op posing; n. quarrelling; resistance, opposition, to (g.); injuring; -rodha½âbhâsa, m. appa rent contradiction (rh.); -rodhi-tâ, f. en mity, strife, between (--°ree;), with (saha); contra dictoriness; -rodhi-tva, n. removal; -rodh in, a. obstructing, disturbing, preventing; dispelling; hostile; contradictory, conflict ing, opposed; m. adversary, enemy; -ro dha½ukti, f. contradiction; -ropana, a. caus ing to heal; n. healing (of a wound); -roha- na, a. causing to heal; n. budding (of plants).
a. [√ stri] extensive (very rare); m. extent; multitude; large company; number of things, -connected with athg.; detail, minute particulars, detailed descrip tion, diffuseness (ord. mg.): --°ree; sts.=exten sive; in., ab., -tas, -sas, in detail, with full particulars: -tâ, f. extension.
f. [putting together: √ han] layer, pile (RV.1); -hata, pp. (√ han) com pact etc.: -tâ, f. close contact; union, -tva, n. id.; compactness; complexity; -hati, f. closure; compactness (of body); economy (rare); combination, joint effort, union, con nexion, with (in.; ord. mg.); seam; mass, bulk, heap, assemblage, multitude: -sâlin, a. dense; -hanana, a. compact, firm; n. compactness, robustness; steadfastness; body; -hantri, m. uniter; -harana, n. seizure; gathering in, reaping; magical bringing back of discharged missiles; destruction; -har tavya, fp. to be collected; -re-arranged; destroyed (lit. -withdrawn, opp. emitted or created); -hartri, m. destroyer; -harsha, m. thrill; joy, delight; rivalry, jealousy; -harsh ana, a. (î) causing horripilation; gladden ing; n. rivalry, jealousy; -harshin, a. de lighting (--°ree;); jealous; -hâta, m.conciseness (of style; v. r. sam-ghâta); -hâra, m. collect ing, accumulation; collection; contraction (of the organs of speech), retraction (of a trunk); magical withdrawal of a discharged missile, magical means of drawing back a discharged missile; condensation, compendium; destruc tion of the world (ord. mg.: withdrawal, opp. emission, creation); destruction; con clusion, end (of a play, act, etc.): -kâla, m. time of the world'sdestruction: â-ya, den. Â. appear like the time of the world's destruc tion; -hâra-varman, m. N.; -hârin, a. (--°ree;) destroying (withdrawing what was created); -hârya, fp. to be removed, checked, or stop ped (in a-); to be led astray, corruptible (in a-); to be caused to participate in, having a claim on (ab.).
m. lamentation; battle; -krándana, a. shouting, roaring; m. ep. of Indra; n. battle: -nandana, m. pat. of Ar guna and of the monkey Vâlin; -kramá, m. going together (V.); C.: course, progress; tran sition, transference to (lc.); entry of the sun into a new sign of the zodiac; bridge (ord. mg.); stair (esp. leading down to water); N. of a fairy prince; -krámana, n. entrance, commencement; transition, entrance into (lc., --°ree;); entry of the sun into a new sign of the zodiac; transfer to another world, de cease; -kramî-kri, make a bridge or medium of: gd. by means of (ac.); -krânta, pp. √ kram; -krânti, f. entrance into (lc., --°ree;); transference, communication; passage of the sun to another sign of the zodiac (--°ree;): pa yaso gandûsha-samkrântayah, transfer ence of water to swallowing = water meant for drinking; -krâmin, a.being transferred to others; -krîda, m. play, sport; -krosá, m. shout; -klishta-karman, a. acting with difficulty; -kleda, m. saturation, wetting, with (--°ree;): -bhûta, pp. forming a moist mass (foetus); -klesa, m. pain, suffering; -kshaya, m. decay, loss, complete consump tion or disappearance; drying up (of water); ruin, destruction; end; -kshâlanâ, f. wash ing, ablution; -kshipti: -kâ, f. simple ex pedient (dr.); -kshepa, m. throwing together, destruction (rare); abridgment, compres sion, conciseness, brief exposition; quintes sence of (g.); aggregate (rare): in., ab., °ree;--, -tas, briefly, concisely; in., -tas, in the aggregate; -kshobha, m. jolt, shock, com motion, disturbance; agitation, excitement.
a. viscous; thick, close, dense (ord. mg.); strong, vehement, intense; thickly studded with, full of (in., --°ree;); soft, tender: -tâ, f. denseness; vehemence; -tvak-ka, a. provided with a thick covering.
a. having abundant wealth, rich; -vidagdha, pp. very cunning; -vidátra, a. noticing kindly, benevolent, propitious (V.); n. benevolence, favour (V.); -vidatr-íya, a. id. (RV.1); (sú)-vidita, pp.well-known; -vidyâ, f. good knowledge; -vidha, a. of a good kind; -vidhâna, n. good order or arrangement: -tas, ad. duly; -vidhi, m. suitable manner: in. suitably; -vinîta, pp. well-trained (horses); well-bred; -vipula, a.very great, abundant, etc.; (sú)-vipra, a. very devout (RV.1); -vimala, a. very clear or pure; -virûdha, pp. (√ ruh) fully developed; -visada, a. very distinct or intelligible; -visâla, a. very ex tensive; m. N. of an Asura;-visuddha, pp. perfectly pure; -visvasta, pp. full of confi dence, quite unconcerned; -vistara, m. great extent; great diffuseness: ab. very fully, in great detail: -m yâ, be filled (treasury); a. very extensive or large; very great, intense, or intimate etc.: -m, ad. in great detail, at full length; very vehemently; -vistîrna, pp. very extensive or great: -m, ad. in a very detailed manner; -vismaya, a. greatly sur prised or astonished; -vismita, pp. id.; -vi hita, pp. well carried out or fulfilled; well provided, with (in.); -vihvala, a. greatly exhausted, perturbed or distressed; -vîthî patha, m. a certain entrance to a palace; -v&isharp;ra, V. a. very mighty, heroic; having, abounding, or consisting in, retainers or heroes; m. hero (V.); -v&isharp;rya, n. manly vigour, heroism (V., very rare in E.): pl. heroic deeds; abundance of brave men, host of heroes (V.); a. (C.) very efficacious (herb); -v-riktí, f. [for su½rikti: √ rik] excellent praise, hymn (RV.); a. praising excellently (RV.); praiseworthy (V.); -vriksha, m. fine tree; -vrigána, a. dwelling in fair regions (RV.1); -vrít, V. a. (revolving=) running well (car); -vritta, pp. well-rounded; well conducted, virtuous (esp. of women; ord. mg.); composed in a fine metre; n. good conduct: â, f. N.: (a)-tâ, f. round shape and good conduct; -vriddha, pp. very old (family); -vrídh, a. glad, joyful (RV.); -vega, a. run ning, moving, or flying very fast; -vena, m. N.; -véda, a. easy to find or obtain (V.); -vesha, a. beautifully dressed or adorned: -vat, a. id.; -vyakta, pp. very clear or bright; quite distinct: -m, ad. quite clearly, manifestly; -vyasta, pp. thoroughly dis persed (army); -vyâhrita, (pp.) n. fine say ing; -vratá, a. ruling well (V.); fulfilling one's duties well, very virtuous (C.: often vc.); quiet, gentle (of animals; C., rare); m. N.; -samsa, a. (RV.) blessing bountifully (god); saying good things, pronouncing bless ings (men); -sákti, f. easy possibility, easy matter (RV.1); -sám&ibrevcirc;, in. ad. carefully, dili gently (V.);-saraná, a. granting secure refuge (RV.); -sárman, a. id. (V.); very pleasant (C.); m. frequent N.; -sasta, pp. well-recited (Br.); -sastí, f. good hymn of praise (V.); a. praiseworthy (RV.); -sânta, pp. very calm (water);-sâsita, pp. well controlled, well-disciplined (wife); -sikha, a. having a bright flame (lamp); -sithilî-kri, greatly relax; -siprá (sts. -sípra), a. having beautiful cheeks (RV.); (sú)-si-sv-i, a. √ sû: cp. sisu] growing well (in the womb; RV.1); (sú)-sishti, f. excellent aid (RV.1); -sishya, m. good pupil; -sîghrá, °ree;-or -m, ad. very swiftly; -sîta, a. quite cool or cold; -sîtala, a. id.; -s&isharp;ma, a. [√ sî] pleasant to recline on (Br., rare); -sîma-kâma, a. [hav ing deep-seated love] deeply in love; -sîla, n. good disposition; a. having a good dispo sition, good-tempered; m. N.: -guna-vat, a. having good nature and other good quali ties, -tâ, f. good nature, -vat, a. good natured; -subha, a. very fine (arm); very auspicious (day); very noble (deed); -séva, a. very kindly, loving, tender, or dear (V.); very prosperous (path; Br.); -sóka, a. shin ing brightly (RV.1);-sobhana, a. very hand some or beautiful; most excellent; -skandrá, a. very brilliant (V.); -srávas, a. very famous (V., P.); hearing well or gladly (V.); m. N.; N. of a Nâga; -srânta, pp. greatly exhausted; -sr&isharp;, a.splendid; rich; (sú)-sruta, pp. very famous (RV.1); C.: correctly heard; gladly heard; m. N. of a celebrated medical writer; N. of a son of Padmodbhava; -sronî, a. f. hav ing beautiful hips; -slakshna, a. very smooth, soft,or delicate; -slishta, pp. well-joined or united; well-ratified, very close (alliance); very convincing (argument): -guna, a. hav ing a well-fastened band: -tâ, f. abst. n.; -slesha, a. attended with a close embrace, with a euphonious coalescence of words, or with the rhetorical figure termed slesha; (sú-)-sloka, a. sounding, speaking etc. well (V., P.); famous (P.); -slok-ya, n. fame or well-sounding speech.
f. vowel portion, i. e. vocalic sound heard after r or l when im mediately followed by a consonant; -bhûta, pp. become a vowel (i. e. changed from a semi-vowel + vowel to i or u); -bheda, m. indistinctness of voice, hoarseness; simulation of voice; betrayal by one's voice; difference of accent; difference of musical tones: in. in a feigned voice: -bhaya, n. fear of betraying one's voice; -yoga, m.combination of sounds, voice; (svára)-vat, a. (Br.) sounding loud; having a melodious voice; accented (also C.).
Cucumber.’ The former of these words denotes the plant, the latter the fruit, but both are very rare. The passages all seem to refer to the fact that the stem of the plant becomes loosened when the fruit is ripe. The fruit is also called Urvāru in a Brāhmana.
Is a word of somewhat doubtful sense, occurring in the Rigveda, the Atharvaveda, and occasionally later. It probably means a *plait ’ as used in dressing the hair, especially of women, but apparently, in earlier times, of men also. The goddess Sinīvālī is called svaupaśā, an epithet of doubtful sense, from which Zimmer conjectures that the wearing of false plaits of hair was not unknown in Vedic times. What was the difference between the braids referred to in the epithets prthu-stuka,8 ‘ having broad braids,’ and visita-stuka9 ‘ having loosened braids,’ and the Opaśa cannot be made out from the evidence available. Geldner10 thinks that the original sense was ‘ horn,’ and that when the word applies to Indra11 it means * diadem.’
Denotes in the Satapatha Brāhmaṇa the ‘knot of hair’ worn on the top of the head. Wearing the top-knot unloosened was the sign of mourning in the case of women and men alike.
Parse Time: 2.847s Search Word: sene Input Encoding: IAST: sene
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