to overcome, overpower, predominate, conquer, surpass, overspread ; to attack, defeat, humiliate ; to approach, come near to (accusative) ; to be victorious or prospering in (locative case)
(Aoristsubjunctive 2. plural-sthāta-; perf. 3. plural-tasthuḥ-) to start or advance towards, reach etc. ; to surpass, have the precedence of (with or without accusative) ; (seeati-pra-sthā-): Caus. to drive (as the cattle to pasture)
to grow higher than (accusative), surpass (, perf.-vāvṛdh/e-for -vāvṛt/e-see) , etc. ; to grow up, grow or increase more and more etc. ; to prosper & Calcutta edition : CausalP. (Aorist-avīvṛdhat-) to increase, strengthen, render prosperous (for abhi-vṛt-, see)
(ā-ṛ-) P. (subjunctive 2. sg.-ṛṇ/os-; /ā-ṛṇvati-;but also imperative 2. plural/iyarta-; Aorist/āratām-,etc.) A1. (3. sg./ā-ṛṇve-) to insert, place in ; to excite ; to bring near, fetch ; to come ; to reach, obtain, fall into (misfortune) etc. ; to inflict : Causalārpayati-, to cause to partake of ; to fix, settle, annex ; to inflict, injure.
As a prefix to verbs and their derivatives, expresses beyond, over, and, if not standing by itself, leaves the accent on the verb or its derivative; as, ati-kram- (kram-), to overstep, Vedic or Vedainfinitive moodati-kr/ame-, (fit) to be walked on, to be passed , ati-kr/amaṇa-n.Seesub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order When prefixed to nouns, not derived from verbs, it expresses beyond, surpassing, as, ati-kaśa-, past the whip, ati-mānuṣa-, superhuman, etc. Seesub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order
to step or go beyond or over or across, (Vedic or Vedainfinitive moodati-kr/ame-,to be walked on ) ; to pass, cross ; to pass time ; to surpass, excel, overcome ; to pass by, neglect ; to overstep, transgress, violate ; to pass on or away ; to step out ; to part from, lose: Caus. -krāmayati-, or -kramayati-, to allow to pass (as time) ; to leave unnoticed.
Passive voice-ricyate-, to be left with a surplus, to surpass (in a good or bad sense with ablative or accusative) ; to be superior, predominate, prevail: Caus. -recayati-, to do superfluously, to do too much
-s/arpati-, (said of the sun) to set ; (parasmE-padalocative casem.-sarpati-) ; to flow back (as the, sea in low tide) (varia lectioava-sarpita-mfn."caused to flow back") ; to creep to or approach unawares ; to flow over gradually
cl.7. (imperativechṛṇattu-,2. sg.chṛndhi-; future, chardiṣyati-and chartsy-; perfect tensecaccharda-,3. pluralcchṛdur-, Va1rtt. 3) to vomit ; to utter, leave ; P. A1. (chṛntte-) to shine ; to play : cl.1.chardati- (varia lectiorpati-) to kindle, : Causalchardayati-idem or 'f.see ' (varia lectiorpay-) ; to cause to flow over ; to vomit, eject (with or without accusative) ; to cause to spit or vomit ; A1. to vomit : Desiderativecicchardiṣati- and cchṛtsati- : CausalDesiderativecicchardayiṣati-, Va1rtt. 2 ; seeā--, pra--.
m. a gandharva- [though in later times the gandharva-s are regarded as a class, yet in rarely more than one is mentioned;he is designated as the heavenly gandharva-(divy/a g-),and is also called viśvā-vasu-()and vāyu-keśa- (in plural);his habitation is the sky, or the region of the air and the heavenly waters();his especial duty is to guard the heavenly soma-() , which the gods obtain through his intervention(; see);it is obtained for the human race by indra-, who conquers the gandharva- and takes it by force();the heavenly gandharva- is supposed to be a good physician, because the soma- is considered as the best medicine;possibly, however, the word soma- originally denoted not the beverage so called, but the moon, and the heavenly gandharva- may have been the genius or tutelary deity of the moon;in one passage() the heavenly gandharva- and the soma- are identified;he is also regarded as one of the genii who regulate the course of the Sun's horses (; see);he knows and makes known the secrets of heaven and divine truths generally ();he is the parent of the first pair of human beings, yama- and yamī-() , and has a peculiar mystical power over women and a right to possess them();for this reason he is invoked in marriage ceremonies();ecstatic states of mind and possession by evil spirits are supposed to be derived from the heavenly gandharva-(see-gṛhīta-, -graha-);the gandharva-s as a class have the same characteristic features as the one gandharva-;they live in the sky() , guard the soma-(),are governed by varuṇa- (just as the āpsarasa-s are governed by soma-) ,know the best medicines(),regulate the course of the asterisms(;hence twenty-seven are mentioned ),follow after women and are desirous of intercourse with them();as soon as a girl becomes marriageable, she belongs to soma-, the gandharva-s, and agni-();the wives of the gandharva-s are the āpsarasa-s(seegandharvāpsar/as-),and like them the gandharva-s are invoked in gambling with dice();they are also feared as evil beings together with the rākṣasa-s, kimīdin-s, piśāca-s, etc., amulets being worn as a protection against them();they are said to have revealed the veda-s to vāc-(; see),and are called the preceptors of the ṛṣi-s(); purūravas- is called among them();in epic poetry the gandharva-s are the celestial musicians or heavenly singers(see)who form the orchestra at the banquets of the gods, and they belong together with the āpsarasa-s to indra-'s heaven, sharing also in his battles( etc.; see);in the more systematic mythology the gandharva-s constitute one of the classes into which the higher creation is divided(id est gods, manes, gandharva-s ;or gods, asura-s, gandharva-s, men ; see;or gods, men, gandharva-s, āpsarasa-s, sarpa-s, and manes ;for other enumerations see [ ] etc.);divine and human gandharva-s are distinguished(;the divine or deva-gandharva-s are enumerated );another passage names 11 classes of gandharva-s();the chief or leader of the gandharva-s is named citra-ratha-();they are called the creatures of prajāpati-() or of brahmā-() or of kaśyapa- () or of the muni-s() or of prādhā-() or of ariṣṭā-()or of vāc-();with jaina-s the gandharva-s constitute one of the eight classes of the vyantara-s]
cl.1 P. () hasati- (mc. also te-; perfect tensejahāsa-, jahase- etc.; Aoristahasīt-grammar; futurehasitā-; hasiṣyati- etc.; infinitive moodhasitum-; ind.p.hasitvā-, -hasya-), to laugh, smile, laugh at (instrumental case) etc. ; to deride, mock, ridicule (accusative) etc. ; to surpass, excel ; to expand, open (as a blossom) : Passive voicehasyate- (Aoristahāsi-), to be laughed or smiled at etc.: Causalhāsayati- (Aoristajīhasat-), to cause to laugh : Desiderativejihasiṣati- (see1. jakṣ-) grammar : Intensivejāhasyate- (parasmE-padayamāna-), jāhasti-, to laugh continuously or immoderately
cl.1 P. A1. () h/arati-, te- (once in harmi-,and once in Scholiast or Commentator on -jiharti-; perfect tenseP.jahāra-, jah/artha-, jahruḥ-[ -jaharuḥ-?] etc.; A1.jahre- etc.; Aoristahār-, ahṛthās-; ahārṣīt- etc. etc.; 3. pluralA1.ahṛṣata-; precedinghriyāt-, hṛṣīṣṭa-grammar; futurehartā- etc.; hariṣyati-, te-; Conditionalahariṣyat-; infinitive moodh/artum-, tos-, tave-, tav/ai-; haritum-; ind.p.hṛtvā-, -h/āram- etc.; -h/ṛtya- etc.), to take, bear, carry in or on (with instrumental case), carry, convey, fetch, bring etc. ; to offer, present (especially with balim-) etc. ; to take away, carry off, seize, deprive of, steal, rob ; to shoot or cut or hew off, sever (the head or a limb) etc. ; to remove, destroy, dispel, frustrate, annihilate ; to turn away, avert (the face) ; A1. (older and more correct than P.), to take to one's self, appropriate (in a legitimate way), come into possession of (accusative), receive (as an heir), raise (tribute), marry (a girl) etc. ; to master, overpower, subdue, conquer, win, win over (also by bribing) etc. ; to outdo, eclipse, surpass ; to enrapture, charm, fascinate etc. ; to withhold, withdraw, keep back, retain etc. ; to protract, delay (with kālam-,"to gain time") ; (in arithmetic) to divide : Passive voicehriy/ate- (Epic also ti-; Aoristahāri-), to be taken or seized etc. etc. etc.: Causalhārayati-, te- (Aoristajīharat-; Passive voicehāryate-), to cause to be taken or carried or conveyed or brought by (instrumental case or accusative; confer, compare) or to (dative case) etc. ; to cause to be taken away, appropriate, seize, rob ; to have taken from one's self, be deprived of, lose (especially at play) ; (harayate-) Seepra-hṛ- ; (hārāpayati-), to lose (at play) : Desiderativej/ihīrṣati-, te- (confer, comparejihīrṣā-, ṣu-), to wish to take to one's self or appropriate, covet, desire, long for etc. ; (with kālam-), to wish to gain time : Intensivejehrīyate-; jarharīti-, jarīharīti-, jarharti-, jarīharti- (confer, comparesaṃ-hṛ-) grammar ([ confer, compareGreek .])
cl.1.j/ayati-, te- (imperfect tense/ajayat-; Aoristajaiṣīt-,Ved. /ajais-,1. plural/ajaiṣma-, j/eṣma-,2. sg.jes-and A1.j/eṣi-subjunctivej/eṣat-, ṣas-, ṣāma-; AoristA1.ajeṣṭa-; future 1st. j/etā- etc.; futurejeṣy/ati-, ; perfect tensejig/āya-[ ], jigetha-, jigyur-; parasmE-padajigīv/as-[ giv/as-; accusativepluralgy/uṣas-] etc.; infinitive moodjiṣ/e-, ; j/etave-; Classicaljetum-: Passive voicejīyate-, ajīyata-[ ], ajāyi-, jāyiṣyate-;for j/īyate-and cl.9.jin/āti-Seejyā-) to win or acquire (by conquest or in gambling), conquer (in battle), vanquish (in a game or lawsuit), defeat, excel, surpass etc. (with p/unar-,"to reconquer" ) ; to conquer (the passions), overcome or remove (any desire or difficulties or diseases) etc. ; to expel from (ablative) ; to win anything (accusative) from (accusative), vanquish anyone (accusative) in a game (accusative) ; to be victorious, gain the upper hand ; often proper in the sense of an imperative "long live!""glory to" etc.: Causaljāpayati- () to cause to win ; (Aorist 2. pl, /ajījipata-and /ajījap-) ; to conquer (Aoristajījayat-): Passive voicejāpyate-, to be made to conquer : Desiderativej/igīṣati-, te- (; parasmE-padaṣat-, ṣamāṇa-) to wish to win or obtain or conquer or excel etc. ; (A1.) to seek for prey : Intensivejejīyate-
m. (etymology doubtful;according to some fr. kaṃ-darpa-,"inflamer even of a god"See 3. ka-,or "of great wantonness") , Name ofkāma- (q.v), love, lust etc.
m. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') a measure of grain (commonly khāri-, = 18 droṇa-s or about 3 bushels;it is also reckoned at 1 1/2 śūrpa- or 3 droṇa-s;also at 46 gauṇī-s or 4096 pala-s, or at 4 droṇa-s) (rī-)
Nom.P.yati-, to make light, lessen, diminish, mitigate, soften, alleviate ; to cause to appear light ; to make light of, slight, despise ; to excel, surpass
(seeraṃh-and laghu-) cl.1 P. A1. () laṅghati-, te- (grammar also lalaṅgha-, ghe-; Aoristalaṅghīt-, ghiṣṭa-; futurelaṅghitā-; ghiṣyati-, te-; infinitive moodlaṅghitum-), to leap over, go beyond (A1.) ; to ascend, mount upon (P.) ; to pass over meals, abstain from food, fast (P.) ; to dry, dry up, waste, consume : Causal or cl.10 P. () laṅghayati- (mc. also te-; Passive voicelaṅghyate-), to leap over, cross, traverse etc. ; to mount, ascend, tread upon, enter ; to overstep, transgress, violate, neglect ; to get over, avoid, shun, escape from ; to frustrate, prevent, avert ; to disregard, slight, offend, insult, injure etc. ; to excel, surpass, outshine, obscure, eclipse ; to remove, transport ; to cause to pass over meals id est fast : Desiderative of Causallilaṅghayiṣati-, to intend to step over
(confer, comparemrad-and mṛḍ-) cl.9 P.mṛdnāti- (cl.1. P. A1.m/ardati-, te-; confer, compare; perfect tenseP.mamarda-,3. pluralmamṛduh-.or mamarduḥ-A1.mamṛde-; Aorist, amaradīt-grammar; future, mardiṣyati-, te-; infinitive moodmarditum-; tos-; -mrad/e-; ind.p., mriditvā-; m/ṛdya- etc.; -mardam-), to press, squeeze, crush, pound, smash, trample down, tread upon, destroy, waste, ravage, kill, slay etc. ; to rub, stroke, wipe (exempli gratia, 'for example' the forehead) ; to rub into, mingle with (instrumental case) ; to rub against, touch, pass through (a constellation) ; to overcome, surpass : Causalmardayati- (mc. also te-; Aoristamīmridat-or amamardat-), to press or squeeze hard, crush, break, trample down, oppress, torment, plague, destroy, kill etc. ; to rub ; to cause to be trampled down : Desiderativemimardiṣati-, to desire to crush or pound Intensivemarmartti- (only imperativettu-), to crush, grind down, destroy ; marīmartti- and marimṛdyate-grammar ([ confer, compareGreek and under mṛdu-.])
Name (also title or epithet) of a sacred town in Western India on the godāvarī- (called Nasik, because lakṣmaṇa- here cut off the nose of rāvaṇa-'s sister, the female rākṣasa-śūrpa-ṇakhā-, quod vide), .
(Aorist-ārata-subjunctive-arāma-; ind.p.-ṛtya-), to go out or off, fall away from, be deprived of (ablative or genitive case) ; to separate, disjoin : Caus. -arpayati-, to cause to go to pieces or decay, to dissolve, destroy, ruin
P. A1.-bhavati-, te- (perfect tense-babhūva-, bhūtha-, bhūvuḥ-; Aorist-abhūvan-, -bhuvat-; subjunctive-bhūtas-, -bhūthas-; imperative-bhūtu-;Ved. infinitive mood-bhv/e-; ind.p.-bhūya- etc.: Passive voice-bhūyate-; future-bhaviṣyate-), to be round anything, surround, enclose, contain ; to go or fly round, accompany, attend to, take care of, guide, govern ; to be superior, excel, surpass, subdue, conquer etc. ; to pass round or over, not heed, slight, despise, insult etc. ; to disgrace ; to disappear, be lost (equalsparā-bhū-) : Causal-bhāvayati-, te- (ind.p.-bhāvya-), to spread around, divulge, make known ; to surpass, exceed ; to soak, saturate, sprinkle ; to contain, include ; to conceive, think, consider, know, recognise as (accusative)
P.-bh/ūṣati-, to run round, circumambulate ; to wait upon, serve, attend, honour, obey, follow ; to fit out, decorate ; to be superior, surpass in (instrumental case)
P. A1.-gṛhṇāti-, ṇīte- (imperative 2. sg.-gṛhāṇa-; imperfect tense-agṛhṇāḥ-;3. sg.-agṛhṇat-;3. plural-agṛhṇan-; A1.-agṛhṇanta-; perfect tense 1. sg.-jagr/abha-;3. sg.-jagrāha- etc.; ind.p.-gṛhya- etc.) , to take hold of on both sides, embrace, surround, enfold, envelop etc. ; to fence round, hedge round ; to occupy on both sides (sarasvatīm-) ; to seize, clutch, grasp, catch ; to put on, wear (as a dress or ornament) ; to take or carry along with one etc. ; to take possession of, master, overpower ; to take (in war), take prisoner, conquer ; to take (food) ; to receive, (also as a guest) accept ; to take, adopt, conform to, follow etc. ; to take by the hand, assist ; to take (a wife), marry ; to surpass, excel ; (in Vedic or Veda gram.) to enclose (iti-) between a word twice repeated (seepari-graha-).
P.-mṛdnāti-, -mardati- (Epic also A1.-mardate-), to tread or trample down, crush, grind, wear out ; to rub, stroke ; rub off, wipe away (as tears) ; to excel, surpass
P. A1.-sarpati-, te- (ind.p.-s/arpam-), to move round about or to and fro, hover etc. ; to creep or crawl upon (Seesṛpta-) ; to be near, approach, go to (accusative) : CausalSeesarpita-.
cl.3 P. () p/iparti- (3. pluralp/iprati-; imperativepipṛhi-; para-; cl.9 P.pṛṇāti-,"to protect"; perfect tense 3. pluralpipruḥ- [ equalspūrṇāḥ-Scholiast or Commentator ]; Aoristsubjunctiveparṣi-, parṣati-, parṣa-, pāriṣat-; apārīt-; infinitive moodparṣ/aṇi-), to bring over or to (accusative), bring out of, deliver from (ablative), rescue, save, protect, escort, further, promote ; to surpass, excel (accusative) ; to be able (with infinitive mood) : Causalpār/ayati- (Epic and mc. also te-; Aoristapīparat-; Passive voicepāryate-), to bring over or out, rescue, protect, save, preserve, keep alive etc. ; to get over, overcome, bring to an end ; to resist, withstand, be a match for (accusative) etc. ; to be capable of or able to (with an infinitive mood which after pāryate-has a pass. sense; confer, compareśak-and ) [ confer, compareGreek , ; Latin porta,peritus; Slavonic or Slavonian pirati; German fahren; English fare.]
P.-bhavati- (rarely A1.te-;Ved. infinitive mood-bhūṣ/aṇi-), to come forth, spring up, arise or originate from (ablative), appear, become visible, happen, occur etc. ; to be before, surpass (with pṛṣṭham-,"to be greater or more than the back can carry", applied to wealth ) to become or be numerous, increase, prevail, be powerful etc. etc. (3. sg.prabhavati-tarām-,"has more power" ) ; to rule, control, have power over, be master of (genitive caselocative case or dative case) etc. ; to be equal to or capable of (dative case or locative case) ; to be a match for (dative case) Va1rtt. 2 ; to be able to (infinitive mood) etc. ; to profit, avail, be of use to (dative case) ; to implore, beseech (?) : Causal-bhāvayati-, to increase, spread out, extend, augment, multiply (especially the soma- by placing it in a greater number of vessels) ; to provide more amply, endow more richly, cause to thrive or prosper, cherish, nurture etc. ; (as Nom.fr. -bhāva-below) to gain or possess power or strength, rule over (accusative) ; to recognise : Desiderative of Causal-bibhāvayiṣati-, to wish to increase or extend
P.-mināti- (-mīṇāti-; -miṇoti-;Ved. infinitive mood-m/iyam-, -m/iye-and -metos-see below) , to frustrate, annul, destroy, annihilate ; to change, alter ; to neglect, transgress, infringe ; to miss, lose (one's way or time), forget ; to cause to disappear, put out of sight ; to leave behind, outstrip, surmount, surpass : (A1.or Passive voice-mīyate-Aoristsubjunctive-meṣṭhāḥ-) to come to naught, perish, die etc. etc.: Causal-māpayati-, to destroy, annihilate, kill, slay etc. ; to cause to kill
() P.-hanti-, to slay, kill, destroy, extirpate. (with accusative or genitive case; see) ; to bend down lower (the hand) ; to pronounce lower (than anudātta-)
A1.-padyate- (Epic also P.), to fall or drop down from (ablative), throw one's self down (at a person's feet) ; to go forwards set out for, resort to, arrive at, attain, enter (with accusative,rarely locative case) etc. ; to fly to for succour, take refuge with (accusative) etc. ; to fall upon, attack, assail ; to come to a particular state or condition, incur, undergo (accusative) etc. ; (with an adverb in sāt-), to become exempli gratia, 'for example'sarpasāt pra-pad-, to become a serpent ; to obtain, gain (patini-,"as husband") , partake of, share in (accusative) ; to adopt or embrace (a doctrine) ; to undertake, commence, begin, do ; to form (a judgement) ; to assume (a form) ; to enjoy (pleasure) ; to take to (dative case) ; to come on, approach, appear ; to take effect, succeed ; to turn out (anyathā-,"differently" id est without any effect or consequence) ; to admit (a claim) : Causal-pādayati-, te-, to cause to enter, introduce into (accusative or locative case) : DesiderativeP.p/itsati-, to wish to enter ; A1.-pitsate- (see), to be going to incur or undertake
(pra-ṛ-) P.preyarti- (Aorist 3. pluralprāran-A1.prārata-; perfect tenseprāruḥ-), to set in motion, arouse ; to send or procure to (dative case), ; to arise, stir, come forth, appear, : Causalprārpayati- (ind.p.prārpyā-), to set in motion, stir up, animate
A1.-ricyate-, to excel, surpass, be superior to (ablative) ; to empty excessively, become excessively empty : Causal-recayati-, to leave remaining ; to quit, abandon
P.-sarpati-, to creep up to, glide into (accusative) ; to advance, proceed, move towards (accusative) etc. ; to stream or break forth : to set in (as darkness) ; to spread, extend, be diffused ; to set to work, act, proceed in a certain way ; to advance, progress
P. A1.-viśati-, te-, to enter, go into, resort to (accusative or locative case) etc. etc. (with agnim-, agnau-, madhyam-agneḥ-, vahnau-,or citāyām-,"to ascend the funeral pyre";with karṇayoḥ-,"to come into the ears id est be heard ";with ātmani-,or cittam-,"to take possession of the heart";in dramatic language "to enter the stage") ; to reach, attain ; to have sexual intercourse with (accusative,applied to both sexes) ; to enter upon, undertake, commence, begin, devote one's self to (accusative,rarely locative case) etc. (with piṇḍīm-or tarpaṇam-,"to accept or enjoy an oblation") ; to enter into id est be absorbed or thrown into the shade by (accusative) (with[ svāni-] aṅgāni-or gātrāṇi-),"to shrink, shrivel" : Causal-veśayati-, te-, to cause or allow to enter, bring or lead or introduce to, usher into (accusative or locative case) etc. etc. (without an object,"to bring into one's house etc.", especially "to bring on the stage") ; to lead home as a wife id est marry ; to lay or store up, deposit in, put or throw into (locative case or accusative) etc. ; to enter id est commit to paper, write down ; to initiate into (accusative) ; to instil into (locative case) = teach, impart ; to spend (money) ; to enter, come or be brought into (accusative) : Desiderative-vivikṣati-, to wish to enter into (accusative)
cl.1.3.5.P.ṛcchati-, iyarti-, ṛṇoti-, and ṛṇvati- (only Vedic or Veda) ; āra-, ariṣyati-, ārat-, and ārṣīt-, to go, move, rise, tend upwards etc. ; to go towards, meet with, fall upon or into, reach, obtain etc. ; to fall to one's share, occur, befall (with accusative) etc. ; to advance towards a foe, attack, invade ; to hurt, offend ; to move, excite, erect, raise, (/iyarti v/ācam-,he raises his voice ; st/omān iyarmi-,I sing hymns ) : Causalarpayati-, to cause to move, throw, cast etc. ; to cast through, pierce ; to put in or upon, place, insert, fix into or upon, fasten etc. ; to place on, apply etc. ; to direct or turn towards etc. ; to deliver up, surrender, offer, reach over, present, give etc. ; to give back, restore etc.: Vedic or VedaIntensivealarti- ; (2. sg.alarṣi-) ; to move or go towards with speed or zeal: Class. IntensiveA1.arāryate- () , to wander about, haste towards ; ([ confer, compareGreek , , etc.: Zendir: Latin or-ior,re-mus,aro: Gothic argan: Anglo-Saxon a1r:Old High German ruo-dar,ar-an: Lithuanian ir-ti,"to row";ar-ti,"to plough."])
m. "Roarer or Howler", Name of the god of tempests and father and ruler of the rudra-s and marut-s (in the veda- he is closely connected with indra- and still more with agni-, the god of fire, which, as a destroying agent, rages and crackles like the roaring storm, and also with kāla- or Time the all-consumer, with whom he is afterwards identified;though generally represented as a destroying deity, whose terrible shafts bring death or disease on men and cattle, he has also the epithet śiva-,"benevolent"or"auspicious", and is even supposed to possess healing powers from his chasing away vapours and purifying the atmosphere;in the later mythology the word śiva-,which does not occur as a name in the veda-, was employed, first as an euphemistic epithet and then as a real name for rudra-, who lost his special connection with storms and developed into a form of the disintegrating and reintegrating principle;while a new class of beings, described as eleven [or thirty-three] in number, though still called rudra-s, took the place of the original rudra-s or marut-s: in , rudra- is said to have sprung from brahmā-'s forehead, and to have afterwards separated himself into a figure half male and half female, the former portion separating again into the 11 rudra-s, hence these later rudra-s are sometimes regarded as inferior manifestations of śiva-, and most of their names, which are variously given in the different purāṇa-s, are also names of śiva-;those of the are ajaikapād-, ahir-budhnya-, hara-, nirṛta-, īśvara-, bhuvana-, aṅgāraka-, ardha-ketu-, mṛtyu-, sarpa-, kapālin-; according to to others the rudra-s are represented as children of kaśyapa- and surabhi- or of brahmā- and surabhi- or of bhūta- and su-rūpā-; according to to , rudra- is one of the 8 forms of śiva-;elsewhere he is reckoned among the dik-pāla-s as regent of the north-east quarter) etc. (see)
n. (perhaps connected with varpa-, varpas-; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'f(ā-).,rarelyf(ī-).) any outward appearance or phenomenon or colour (often plural), form, shape, figure etc. (rūpeṇa-in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' in the form of; rūpam-kṛ-orbhū-,to assume a form;often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' ="having the form or appearance or colour of","formed or composed of","consisting of","like to";sometimes used after an adjective (cf. mfn.) or past participle to emphasize its meaning or almost redundantly seeghora-r-;or connected with a verb exempli gratia, 'for example'pacati-rūpam-,he cooks very well see)
(in some senses rather Nom.fr. sam-artha-below) A1.-arthayate- (rarely P.ti-), to make fit or ready, prepare ; to finish, close ; to connect with (instrumental case) in sense, construe (grammatically) ; to judge, think, contemplate, consider etc. ; to suppose to be, take for (accusative with prati-) ; to notice, perceive, find out ; to fix upon, determine, approve ; to cheer up, comfort, encourage ; samarthaya-, often wrong reading for samarpaya-Seesam-ṛ-.
P. A1.-krāmati-, -kramate-, to go or pass by entirely, cross or step over ; to step out of (ablative) ; to transgress, neglect, disregard, lose ; to surpass, excel exceed ; to pass away, elapse (as time) ; to let pass by or elapse (dvau māsau samatikramya-,"after the lapse of two months")
P.-iyarti-, -ṛṇoti-, -ṛṇvati-, or -ricchati- (in some forms also A1.;for -ṛcchati-, te-See), to join together, bring to pass, bring about ; to bring together, drive together (3. sg.Aorist-ārata-; perf. p.-ārāṇa-) ; to be brought about ; to run together, hasten together towards (accusative or locative case), meet with (instrumental case), come into collision or conflict : Causal-arpayati-, te-, to throw at, hurl at (accusative), strike, hit ; to cause to come into conflict or collision ; to fix or place or insert in, put in or on or down etc., etc. ; to impose, enjoin ; to deliver over, consign, commit ; to send off, despatch (a messenger)
P. A1.-sarpati-, te-, to creep along, glide into (accusative) ; to go together ; to move, glide along etc. ; to go to, approach (accusative) ; to go away, withdraw from (ablative)
P.-tṛpṇoti-, or -tṛpyati-, to satiate or refresh one's self with (genitive case) : Causal-tarpayati-, to satiate, refresh, invigorate, gladden, delight etc. ; to feed on (instrumental case)
(-ud-hṛ-) P. A1.-uddharati-, te-, to take quite out, draw well out, extract from (ablative) etc. ; to root out, extirpate, exterminate, destroy utterly ; to rescue, save, deliver from (ablative) ; to lift, hold up ; to pick up (a coin) ; to raise up, strengthen, restore ; to divide, : DesiderativeSeesam-uj-jihīrṣu- (sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order)
m. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'f(ā-).) a snake, serpent, serpent-demon (seenāga-; sarpāṇām ayanam-,"a particular annual festival") , tortuous motion etc.
n. the six duties of Brahmans (viz. adhyayana-,"studying or repeating the veda-", adhyāpana-,"teaching the veda-", yajana-"offering sacrifices", yājana-,"conducting them for others", dāna-,"giving", and pratigraha-,"accepting gifts"), etc. (the six daily duties according to to the later law-books, are, snāna-,"religious bathing", saṃdhyājapa-,"repetition of prayers at the three saṃdhyā-s", brahma-yajña-,"worship of the Supreme Being by repeating the first words of sacred books", tarpaṇa-,"daily oblations of water to the gods, sages, and pitṛ-s", homa-,"oblations of fuel, rice etc. to fire", deva-pūjā-,"worship of the secondary gods either in the domestic sanctuary or in temples")
f.Name oflakṣmī- (as goddess of prosperity or beauty and wife of viṣṇu-, produced at the churning of the ocean, also as daughter of bhṛgu- and as mother of darpa-) etc.
n.Name of various works (especially of a kāvya-, attributed to kālidāsa-, and of a rhetoricwork by rudraṭa- or rudra-bhaṭṭa- [12th or 13th century A.D.] corresponding in its contents to the 3rd chapter of the sāhitya-darpaṇa-).
n. (and m.gaRaardharcādi-;also written sūrpa-) a winnowing basket or fan (id est a kind of wicker receptacle which, when shaken about, serves as a fan for winnowing corn;also personified as a gandharva-) etc.
cl.1 P. (rarely A1.) t/arati- (subjunctivet/arat-imperfect tense/atarat-, parasmE-padat/arat-infinitive moodtar/adhyai-, rīṣ/ani-) cl.5.tarute- (; Potential 1. pluralturyāma-, ) cl.3.titarti- (; parasmE-padaNominal verbpluralt/itratas-; Potentialtutury/āt-, ) , with prepositions Vedic or Veda chiefly cl.6 P. A1. (tir/ate-subjunctivetirāti-imperfect tense/atirat-, parasmE-padatir/at-infinitive moodt/iram-, t/ire-; Aorist/atārīt-, ;1. pluralriṣma-, rima-; t/aruṣante-, ta-i, ṣema- [ confer, compare ]; A1.and Passive voice-tāri-; P.atārṣīt-; ṣam-; perfect tensetatāra- etc.;3. pluraltitirur-, ; teritha-, ratur-; parasmE-padatitirv/as-genitive casetatar/uṣas-; futuretariṣyati-, rīṣ-, taritā-, rītā-[ confer, comparepra-t/ar-] ; t/arutā-; precedingtīryāt-, tariṣīṣṭa-; infinitive moodtartum-; rīt-rit-; ind.p.tīrtv/ā-; -t/ūrya-Seevi--) to pass across or over, cross over (a river), sail across etc. ; to float, swim ; to get through, attain an end or aim, live through (a definite period), study to the end etc. ; to fulfil, accomplish, perform ; to surpass, overcome, subdue, escape etc. ; to acquire, gain, ; A1. to contend, compete ; to carry through or over, save, : Causaltārayati- (parasmE-padar/ayat-) to carry or lead over or across etc. ; to cause to arrive at ; to rescue, save, liberate from (ablative) etc.: Desiderativetitīrṣati- (also titariṣati-, rīṣ-; parasmE-padaA1.titīrṣamāṇa-) to wish to cross or reach by crossing : Intensivetartarīti- (2. dual numberrīthas-; parasmE-padagenitive caset/arilratas-[ ];See also vi--; tātarti-, Scholiast or Commentator) to reach the end by passing or running or living through ; ([ confer, comparet/ara-, tir/as-, tīrṇ/a-; Latin termo,trans; Gothic thairh.])
(ud-chid-) P.-chinatti- (imperative 2. sg.-chindhi-; infinitive moodchettum-; -chettav/ai-) to cut out or off, extirpate, destroy etc. ; to interfere, interrupt, stop etc. ; to analyze, resolve (knotty points or difficulties) ; to explain ([ ]) : CausalP.-chedayati-, to cause to extirpate or destroy : Passive voice-chidyate-, to be cut off ; to be destroyed or extirpated ; to be interrupted or stopped ; to cease, be deficient, fail
P.-aśnoti-, (subjunctive-aśnavat-; perfect tense-ānaṃśa-; Aorist-/ānaṭ-and -ānaṭ-,etc.) A1. (3. dual number-aśnuvāte-) to reach, attain, arrive at ; to reach, be equal ; to overtake, surpass ; to master, rule
P.-iyarti- (perfect tense 2. sg.-/ārithā-; Aorist-ārat-) A1. (Aorist-ārta-) to start up, rise, come up ; to move up, raise, excite : Causal-arpayati-, to cause to rise or prosper
P. A1.-sarpati-, -te-, to creep towards, approach stealthily or softly or gently etc. ; to approach (a woman for intercourse) ; to meet with on ; to draw near, approach slowly (as sunset, misfortune, etc.)
(ud-kṛt-) P.-kṛntati-, to cut out or off, tear out or off ; to cut up, cut in pieces, carve, butcher etc. ; to destroy, ruin, extirpate: Passive voice-kṛtyate-, to perish
(ud-paṭ-), Causal-pāṭayati-, to tear up or out, pluck, pull out, break out, etc. ; to draw out (a sword from its scabbard) ; to open (the eyes etc.) etc. ; to root up, eradicate, extirpate etc. ; to drive away, banish ; to dethrone etc.: Passive voice of the Causal-pāṭyate-, to be cleft ; to part asunder, split
(ud-sṛp-) P.-sarpati-, to creep out or upwards ; to rise up, glide or soar upwards etc. ; to glide along, move on slowly etc.: Desiderative-sisṛpsati- (parasmE-pada-s/isṛpsat-) to wish to get up
f.Name of various women (especially of the wife of udayana-, king of vatsa- and daughter of king caṇḍa-mahā-sena- of ujjayinī-[ ]or of king pradyota-[ ],to whom she offered herself after having been betrothed by her father to saṃjaya-[ ];and of the heroine of subandhu-'s novel, who is represented to have been betrothed by her father to puṣpa-ketu-, but carried off by kandarpa-ketu-)
P. A1.-laṅghati-, te- (Aoristvy-aleghiṣuḥ-), to leap, jump, rise up to (accusative) : Causal-laṅghayati-, to leap or jump over, cross, pass (time), traverse (a distance), overstep (bounds) etc. ; to transgress, contemn, neglect, violate (commands etc.) ; to rise up, ascend to (accusative) ; to rise beyond, overcome, subdue ; to excel, surpass ; to pass over, set aside, abandon ; to act wrongly towards, offend ; to cause to pass over (the right time for eating), cause to fast ,
P.-śinaṣṭi-, to distinguish, make distinct or different, particularize, specify, define ; to distinguish (from others), prefer to (instrumental case) ; to augment, enhance : Passive voice-śiṣyate-, to be distinguished or particularized by (instrumental case), differ from (ablative or instrumental case) ; to be pre-eminent, excel, be better than (ablative or instrumental case) or best among (genitive case or locative case) etc.: Causal-śeṣayati-, to distinguish, define, specify ; to prefer ; to enhance the worth or value of (accusative) ; to surpass, excel etc.: Passive voice-śeṣyate-, to be of much account (varia lectio)
P.-sarpati- (mc. also A1.;Ved. infinitive mood-s/ṛpas-), to glide, move along or about, sneak, steal etc. ; to fly about (as arrows) ; to be scattered or dispersed ; to be spread or diffused over (accusative) etc. ; to spread, diffuse, divulge : Causal-sarpayati-, to spread, extend
Caus. -ropayati-, to lay aside, remove, take off ; to deprive of. expel from (instrumental case or ablative) ; to root up, eradicate, extirpate (See next) .
(ati-i-) P.-atyeti-, to pass away, elapse etc. ; to take an irregular course ; to depart or deviate or swerve from (ablative) ; to go past or beyond or through (accusative) etc. ; to surpass, overcome, conquer ; to disregard, neglect
P. A1.-krāmati-, -kramate- (ind.p.-kramya-), to go or pass by, step over or beyond (literally and figuratively) ; to pass away, elapse, be spent (as time) ; to excel, surpass, conquer ; to neglect, omit, violate
(-ud-chid-) only Passive voice (with act. terminations) -chidyati-, to be cut off or interrupted or extirpated, become extinct, come to an end, cease, fail
अ The first letter of the alphabet; अक्षंराणामकारो$स्मि Bg.10.33. -अः [अवति, अतति सातत्येन तिष्ठतीति वा; अव्-अत् वा, ड Tv.] 1 N. of Viṣṇu, the first of the three sounds constituting the sacred syllable ओम्; अकारो विष्णुरुद्दिष्ट उकारस्तु महेश्वरः । मकारस्तु स्मृतो ब्रह्मा प्रणवस्तु त्रयात्मकः ॥ For more explanations of the three syllables अ, उ, म् see ओम्. -2 N. of Śiva, Brahmā, Vāyu, or Vaiśvānara.-- [अः कृष्णः शंकरो ब्रह्मा शक्रः सोमो$निलो$नलः । सूर्यः प्राणो यमः कालो वसन्तः प्रणवः सुखी ॥ Enm. अः स्याद् ब्रह्मणि विष्ण्वीशकूर्माणङ्करणेषु च। गौरवे$न्तःपुरे हेतौ भूषणे$ङ्घ्रावुमेज्ययोः ॥ Nm. अः शिखायां सिद्धमन्त्रे प्रग्राहे$र्के रथार्वणि । चक्रे कुक्कुटमूर्ध्नीन्दुबिम्बे ब्रह्मेशविष्णुषु ॥ ibid. Thus अः means Kṛiṣṇa, Śiva, Brahmā, Indra, Soma, Vāyu, Agni, the Sun, the life-breath, Yama, Kāla, Vasanta, Praṇava, a happy man, a tortoise, a courtyard, a battle, greatness, a female apartment in a palace, an object or a cause, an ornament, a foot, Umā, sacrifice, a flame, a particularly efficacious mantra, reins, the horse of chariot, a wheel, the head of a cock, the disc of the moon]; ind. 1 A Prefix corresponding to Latin in, Eng. in or un, Gr. a or an, and joined to nouns, adjectives, indeclinables (or rarely even to verbs) as a substitute for the negative particle ऩञ्, and changed to अन् before vowels (except in the word अ-ऋणिन्). The senses of न usually enumerated are six--(a) सादृश्य 'likeness' or 'resemblance', अब्राह्मणः one like a Brāhmaṇa (wearing the sacred thread &c.), but not a Brāhmaṇa; a Kṣatriya, or a Vaiśya; अनिक्षुः a reed appearing like इक्षु, but not a true इक्षु. (b) अभाव 'absence', 'negation', 'want', 'privation'; अज्ञानम् absence of knowledge, ignorance; अक्रोधः, अनङ्गः, अकण्टकः, अघटः &c. (c) अन्यत्व 'difference' or 'distinction'; अपटः not a cloth, something different from, or other than, a cloth. (d) अल्पता 'smallness', 'diminution', used as a diminutive particle; अनुदरा having a slender waist (कृशोदरी or तनुमध्यमा). (e) अप्राशस्त्य 'badness', 'unfitness', having a depreciative sense; अकालः wrong or improper time; अकार्यम् not fit to be done, improper, unworthy, bad act. (f) विरोध 'opposition', 'contrariety'; अनीतिः the opposite of morality; immorality; असित not white, black; असुर not a god, a demon &c. These senses are put together in the following verse :-- तत्सादृश्यमभावश्च तदन्यत्वं तदल्पता । अप्राशस्त्यं विरोधश्च ऩञर्थाः षट् प्रकीर्तिताः ॥ See न also. With verbal derivatives, such as gerunds, infinitives, participles, it has usually the sense of 'not'; अदग्ध्वा not having burnt; अपश्यन् not seeing; so असकृत् not once; अमृषा, अकस्मात् &c. Sometimes in बहुव्रीहि अ does not affect the sense of the second member : अ-पश्चिम that which has no last, i. e. best, topmost; e. g. विपश्चितामपश्चिमः cf. also R.19.1. अनुत्तम having no superior, unsurpassed, most excellent: (for examples see these words). -2 An interjection of (a) Pity (ah !) अ अवद्यं P.I.1.14 Sk. (b) Reproach, censure (fie, shame); अपचसि त्वं जाल्म P.VI.3.73 Vārt. See अकरणि, अजीवनि also. (c) Used in addressing; अ अनन्त. (d) It is also used as a particle of prohibition. -3 The augment prefixed to the root in the formation of the Imperfect, Aorist and Conditional Tenses.
N. B.-- The application of this privative prefix is practically unlimited; to give every possible case would almost amount to a dictionary itself. No attempt will, therefore, be made to give every possible combination of this prefix with a following word; only such words as require a special explanation, or such as most frequently occur in literature and enter into compounds with other words, will be given; others will be found self-explaining when the English 'in', 'un', or 'not', is substituted for अ or अन् before the meaning of the second word, or the sense may be expressed by 'less', 'free from', 'devoid or destitute of' &c; अकथ्य unspeakable; अदर्प without pride, or freedom from pride; अप्रगल्भ not bold; अभग unfortunate; अवित्त destitute of wealth &c. In many cases such compounds will be found explained under the second member. Most compounds beginning with अ or अन् are either Tatpuruṣa or Bahuvrīhi (to be determined by the sense) and should be so dissolved.
अगम्य a. [न गन्तुमर्हति गम्-यत्; न. त.] 1 Not fit to be walked in or approached, unapproachable, inaccessible (lit. & fig); योगिनामप्यगम्यः &c. -2 Inconceivable, in-comprehensible; मनसो$गम्य ईश्वरः God transcends mind (conception or thought); याः सम्पदस्ता मनसो$प्यगम्याः Śi.3.59. See under गम्य also. -Comp. -रूप a. of unsurpassed or inconceivable nature, form, &c. ˚रूपां पदवीं प्रपित्सुना Ki.1.9.
अगस्ति [विन्ध्याख्यं अगं अस्यति; अस्-क्तिच् शकन्ध्वादि˚, Uṇ.4. 179, or अगं विन्ध्याचलं स्त्यायति _x001F_+स्तभ्नाति, स्त्यै-क; or अगः कुम्भः तत्र स्त्यानः संहतः इत्यगस्त्यः] 1 'Pitcher-born,' N. of a celebrated Ṛiṣi or sage. -2 N. of the star Canopus, of which Agastya is the regent. -3 N. of a plant (बकवृक्ष) Sesbana (or Ӕschynomene) Grandiflora [Mar. रुईमंदार]. [The sage Agastya is a very reputed personage in Hindu mythology. In the Ṛigveda he and Vasiṣṭha are said to be the off-springs of Mitra and Varuṇa, whose seed fell from them at the sight of the lovely nymph Urvaśī at a sacrificial session. Part of the seed fell into a jar and part into water; from the former arose Agastya, who is, therefore, called Kumbhayoni, Kumbhajanman, Ghaṭodbhava, Kalaśayoni &c; from the latter Vasiṣṭha. From his parentage Agastya is also called Maitrāvaruṇi, Aurvaśeya, and, as he was very small when he was born, he is also called Mānya. He is represented to have humbled the Vindhya mountains by making them prostrate themselves before him when they tried to rise higher and higher till they wellnigh occupied the sun's disc and obstructed his path. See Vindhya. (This fable is supposed by some, to typify the progress of the Āryas towards the south in their conquest and civilization of India, the humbling of the mountain standing meta-phorically for the removal of physical obstacles in their way). He is also known by the names of Pītābdhi, Samudra-chuluka &c.; from another fable according to which he drank up the ocean because it had offended him and because he wished to help Indra and the gods in their wars with a class of demons called Kāleyas who had hid themselves in the waters and
oppressed the three worlds in various ways. His wife was Lopāmudrā. She was also called Kauṣītakī and Varapradā. She bore him two sons, Dṛḍhāsya and Dṛḍhāsyu. In the Rāmāyaṇa Agastya plays a distinguished part. He dwelt in a hermitage on mount Kunjara to the south of the Vindhya and was chief of the hermits of the south. He kept under control the evil spirits who infested the south and a legend relates how he once ate up a Rākṣasa named Vātāpi, who had assumed the form of a ram, and destroyed by a flash of his eye the Rākṣasa's brother who attempted to avenge him. In the course of his wandering Rāma with his wife and brother came to the hermitge of Agastya who received him with the greatest kindness and became his friend, adviser and protector. He gave Rāma the bow of Viṣṇu and accompanied him to Ayodhyā when he was restored to his kingdom after his exile of 14 years. The superhuman power which the sage possessed, is also represented by another legend, according to which he turned king Nahuṣa into a serpent and afterwards restored him to his proper form. In the south he is usually regarded as the first teacher of science and literature to the primitive Dravidian tribes, and his era is placed by Dr. Caldwell in the 7th or 6th century B.C. The Purāṇas represent Agastya as the son of Pulastya (the sage from whom the Rākṣsas sprang) and Havirbhuvā the daughter of Kardama. Several 'hymn-seers' are mentioned in his family, such as his two sons, Indra-bāhu, Mayobhuva and Mahendra, also others who served to perpetuate the family. The sage is represented as a great philosopher, benevolent and kind-hearted, unsurpassed in the science of archery and to have taken a principal part in the colonization of the south; निर्जितासि मया भद्रे शत्रुहस्तादमर्षिणा । अगस्त्येन दुराधर्षा मुनिना दक्षिणेव _x001F_.दिक् ॥ Rām; अगस्त्याचरितामाशाम् R.4.44; cf. also; अगस्त्यो दक्षिणामाशामाश्रित्य नभसिः स्थितः । वरुणस्यात्मजो योगी विन्ध्यवातापिमर्दनः ॥ and R.6.61; Mv.7.14.] अगस्तितुल्या हि घृताब्धिशोषणे । Udbhaṭa.
अङ्गिरः अङ्गिरस् m. [अङ्गति-अङ्ग् गतौ असि इरुट्; Uṇ 4. 235; according to Ait. Br. अङ्गिरस् is from अङ्गार; ये अङ्गारा आसंस्ते$ङ्गिरसो$भवन्; so Nir.; अङ्गारेषु यो बभूव सो$ङ्गिराः] N. of a celebrated sage to whom many hymns of the Rigveda (ix) are ascribed. Etymologically Aṅgira is connected with the word Agni and is often regarded as its synonym (शिवो भव प्रजाभ्यो मानुषीभ्यस्त्व- मङ्गिरः; अङ्गिरोभिः ऋषिभिः संपादितत्वात् अङ्गसौष्ठवाद्वा अङ्गिरा अग्निरूपः) According to Bhārata he was son of Agni. When Agni began to practise penance, Aṅgiras himself became Agni and surpassed him in power and lustre, seeing which Agni came to the sage and said:- निक्षिपाम्यहमग्नित्वं त्वमग्निः प्रथमो भव । भविष्यामि द्वितीयो$हं प्राजा- पत्यक एव च ॥ Aṅgiras said :- कुरु पुण्यं प्रजासर्गं भवाग्निस्तिमि- रापहः । मां च देव कुरुष्वाग्ने प्रथमं पुत्रमञ्जसा ॥ तत्श्रुत्वाङ्गिरसो वाक्यं जातवेदास्तथा$करोत्. He was one of the 1 mind-born sons of Brahmā. His wife was Śraddhā, daughter of Kardama and bore him three sons, Bṛhaspati, Utathya and Saṁvarta, and 4 daughters Kuhū, Sinīvālī, Rākā and Anumati. The Matsya Purāṇa says that Aṅgiras was one of the three sages produced from the sacrifice of Varuṇa and that he was adopted by Agni as his son and acted for some time as his regent. Another account, however, makes him father of Agni. He was one of the seven great sages and also one of the 1 Prajāpatis or progenitors of mankind. In latter times Aṅgiras was one of the inspired lawgivers, and also a writer on Astronomy. As an astronomical personification he is Bṛhaspati, regent of Jupiter or Jupiter itself. शिष्यैरुपेता आजग्मु: कश्यपाङ्गिरसादयः (Bhāg. 1.9.8.) He is also regarded as the priest of the gods and the lord of sacrifices. Besides Śraddhā his wives were Smṛti, two daughters of Maitreya, some daughters of Dakṣa, Svadhā and Satī. He is also regarded as teacher of Brahmavidyā. The Vedic hymns are also said to be his daughters. According to the Bhāgavata Purāṇa, Aṅgiras begot sons possessing Brahmanical glory on the wife of Rāthītara, a Kṣatriya who was childless and these persons were afterwards called descendants of Aṅgiras. The principal authors of vedic hymns in the family of Aṅgi-ras were 33. His family has three distinct branches केवलाङ्गिरस, गौतमाङ्गिरस and भारद्वाजाङ्गिरस each branch having a number of subdivisions. - (pl.) 1 Descendants of Aṅgiras, [Aṅgiras being father of Agni they are considered as descendants of Agni himself who is called the first of the Aṅgirasas. Like Aṅgiras they occur in hymns addressed to luminous objects, and at a later period they became for the most part personifications of light, of luminous bodies, of divisions of time, celestial phenomena and fires adapted to peculiar occasions, as the full moon and change of the moon, or to particular rites, as the अश्वमेध, राजसूय &c.] -2 Hymns of the Atharvaveda. -3 Priests, who, by using magical formulas of the Atharvaveda, protect the sacrifice against the effects of inauspicious accidents.
अजय a. [नास्ति परैर्जयो यस्य] Invincible, unsurpassed unconquerable. -यः [न. त.] A defeat; सुखदु:खे समे कृत्वा लाभालाभौ जयाजयौ Bg.2.38. -2 N. of Agni (अजेन छागेन याति; या-क); or of Viṣṇu (according to some); of a lexicographer. -या [नास्ति जयो मादकत्वेन अस्याम्] 1 Hemp or भाङ्ग. -2 N. of a friend of Durgā -3 Māyā or illusion.
अति ind. [अत्-इ] 1 A prefix used with adjectives and adverbs, meaning 'very', 'too', 'exceedingly', 'excessively', 'very much', and showing उत्कर्ष; Surpassing, superior अत्याश्रमानयं सर्वानू Mb.12.12.6. नातिदूरे not very far from; ˚कृश very lean; ˚भृशम् _x001F_+very much; also with verbs or verbal forms; ˚सिक्तमेव भवता Sk.; स्वभावो ह्यतिरिच्यते &c. -2 (With verbs) Over, beyond; अति-इ go beyond, overstep; so ˚क्रम् ˚चर् ˚वह् &c. In this case अति is regarded as a preposition उपसर्ग. -3 (a) (With nouns or pronouns) Beyond, past, surpassing, superior to, eminent, respectable, distinguished, higher, above, (used with acc. as a कर्मप्रवचनीय, or as first member of Bah. or Tat. Comp. ज्याशब्दस्तावुभौ शब्दावति रामस्य शुश्रुवे Rām. 6.75.37. in which last case it has usually the sense of eminence or higher degree: अतिगो, ˚गार्ग्यः, = प्रशस्ता गौः, शोभनो गार्ग्यः; ˚राजन् an excellent king; or the sense of अतिक्रान्त must be understood with the latter member which will then stand in the accusative case; अतिमर्त्यः = मर्त्यमतिक्रान्तः; ˚मालः, अतिक्रान्तो मालाम्; so अतिकाय, ˚केशर, q. v.):, अत्यादित्यं _x001F_+ हुतवहमुखे संभृतं तद्धि तेजः Me 1.45. Surpassing the sun. अति देवानू कृष्णः Sk.; मानुषानतिगन्धर्वान् सर्वान्गन्धर्व लक्षये _x001F_/Mb; ˚मानुषं कर्म a deed which is beyond human power, i. e. a superhuman action; ˚कशः past the whip (as a horse), unmanageable; ˚त्यद् surpassing that; ˚त्वाम्, ˚त्वान् him or them that surpasses or surpass thee, so ˚मां, ˚यूयं _x001F_+&c. _x001F_+(b) (With nouns derived from roots) Extravagant, exaggerated, inordinate, excessive, extraordinary; e. g. ˚आदरः excessive regard; ˚आशा extravagant hope; so _x001F_+ ˚भयं, ˚तृष्णा, ˚आनन्दः &c. &c.; अतिदानाद् बलिर्बद्धो नष्टो मानात्सुयोधनः । विनष्टो रावणो लौल्यादति सर्वत्र वर्जयेत् ॥ cf. 'extremes are ever bad.' (c) Unfit, idle, improper, in the sense of असंप्रति or क्षेप 'censure'; अतिनिद्रम् = निद्रा सम्प्रति न युज्यते Sk. The गणरत्नमहोदधि gives the following senses of अतिः--विक्रमातिक्रमाबुद्धिभृशार्थातिशयेष्वति । e. g. अतिरथः रथाधिकं विक्रमवान्; ˚मतिः बुद्ध्यतिक्रमः; ˚गहनं वुद्धेरविषयः; ˚तप्तं भृशतप्तं; ˚वेगः अतिशयितो वेगः. Cf. also प्रकर्षे लङ्घने$प्यति Nm.
अतिक्रम् 1 U., 4 P. 1 (a) To step or pass beyond, get accross, go over, cross यत्कथयितुं प्रवृत्तस्तत्परित्यज्य अतिदूरमतिक्रान्तो$स्मि K.346 led far away from my story, rambled, made a great digression; सप्त कक्षान्तराण्यति- क्रम्य 92; निमिषमात्रेणातिदूरमतिक्रामति 12; समीपे$प्यक्रामन्ती M.1. going so near; अतिक्रम्य तांस्तान् विशेषान् Me.57. (b) To pass over, pass by, walk past, go beyond; सेनानिवेशदेशमतिक्रम्य Dk.4.1; कथमतिक्रान्तमगस्त्याश्रमपदम् Mv.7. is it passed or left behind; तस्मिन्नतिक्रामति Ś.7. 31. इदं कदलीगृहमतिक्रम्य दृश्यते Ratn.3. beyond the plantain-bower; तच्चातिक्रम्य कैलासगिरिः K.121; जम्बुद्वीपमति- क्रम्य शिशिरो नाम पर्वतः Rām; अतिक्रामत्ययम् K.85. is going or departing. -2 To excel, surpass; exceed (in number, strength &c.); इरावतीमतिक्रामन्ती भव M. 4. अतिक्रामन्तीमिवेरावतीं प्रेक्षे M.1; वृद्धिर्नातिक्रामति पञ्चताम् Ms.8.151; कर्णीसुतमप्यतिक्रान्तः Dk.74; कलासु रूपे चाप्सरसो$प्यतिक्रान्ता 78; surpassing, superior to; शक्तिमनति- क्रम्य यथाशक्ति Sk. -3 To transgress, violate, go beyond, overstep; जनकाग्रजन्मनोः शासनमतिक्रम्य Dk.2; नालं पुरुषो नियतिलिखितां लेखामतिक्रमितुम् 61; एवमतिक्रान्तमर्यादे त्वयि Ve.1, अये वात्सल्यादतिक्रामति प्रसङ्गः Māl.6. Oh, the event through excessive affection transgresses all due limits; अतिक्रम्य सदाचारम् K.16,181. -4 To exclude, pass by, neglect, set aside, leave; अतिक्रामेत्प्रमत्तं या मत्तं रोगार्तमेव वा Ms.9.78. किं वा परिजनमतिक्रम्य भावन् संदिष्टः M.4. प्रथितयशसां प्रबन्धानतिक्रम्य M.1. to the exclusion of. -5 To go or pass away, elapse, roll on (as time); सा निशा अतिचक्राम Pt.1; यथा यथा यौवनमतिचक्राम K.59; शैशबम् 74; भवतामप्यतिक्रामति देवार्चनविधिवेला 47; is passing away (is being violated); अतिक्रान्ते दशाहे Ms. 5.76; also trans. allow to pass; द्वित्राणि दिनान्यतिक्रम्य
Dk. 1; अत्यक्राममिमान्मासांस्तद्वधं परिचिन्तयन् Rām.; नाहार- वेलातिक्रमणीया K.266. -6 To overcome, overpower, seize; व्यालद्विप इवास्माभिरतिक्रम्यैव दम्यसे Mv.3.31. by seizing or falling upon, by main force; केनापि सत्त्वेन अतिक्रम्य Ś.6. -7 To lose; स हि स्वाम्यादतिक्रामेत् ऋतूनां प्रतिरोधनात् Ms.9.93. -Caus. To let pass, allow to go.
अतिक्रान्त pp.. 1 Exceeded, surpassed, go _x001F_,beyond &c.; सोतिक्रान्तः श्रवणविषयम् Me.13; सुदूरमतिक्रान्तः K.35 departed, gone; मनोरथ ˚दर्शना Māl.1 beyond the reach even of desire; विचारातिक्रान्तः Mu.5.4 past the stage of thought; चक्षुर्विषयातिक्रान्तेषु पक्षिषु H.1. -2 Past, gone by; ˚कुनृपति K.5, past, former; 169 Pt.1.333, Pt.2, Bh.3.32; ˚पार्थिवगुणान् Mu.1 former kings. -तम् A past thing, thing of the past, the past; ˚तं भगवति कथयति M.5 your ladyship is speaking of the past; ˚ते धैर्यमवलम्ब्यताम् U.3; किं उपालम्भेन H.1; cf. 'let by gones be bygones' ˚योगिन् a. with the moon in conjunction.
अतिग a. [गम्-ड] (in comp.) Exceeding, going beyond, transcending, excelling, surpassing; सर्वलोक˚ Mu.1.2; किमौषधपथातिगैरुपहतो महाव्याधिभिः Mu.6.16. by diseases defying the powers of medicine, past the stage of physicking; बाणैर्देहातिगैः R.12.48 piercing through their bodies; वयो˚ Ms.7.149 advanced in years, aged; संख्यातिगाः संपदः Bh.3.132; वपुःप्रकर्षेण जना- तिगेन Ki.3.2.
अतिगण्डः _x001F_21 N. of a star of the 6th lunar asterism. -2 A large cheek or temple. -3 One who has large cheeks.
अतिग्रह a. [अतिक्रान्तो ग्रहम्] Difficult to be comprehended, incomprehensible. -हः, -ग्राहः 1 Object of an apprehensive organ, such as स्पर्श 'touch' the object of त्वच्, रस of जिह्वा &c. The Grahas are eight
in number; प्राण, वाच्, जिह्वा, चक्षुस्, श्रोत्र, मनस्, हस्तौ, & त्वच्; the corresponding atigrāhas being अपान, नामन्, रस, रूप, शब्द, काम, कर्मन् & स्पर्श. अथ हैनं जारत्कारव आर्तभागः पप्रच्छ याज्ञवल्क्येति होवाच कति ग्रहाः कत्यतिग्रहा इति । अष्टौ ग्रहा अष्टावतिग्रहा इति Bṛi. Up.3.2.1. -2 Right knowledge, correct apprehension. -3 Act of overtaking, surpassing &c. -4 One who siezes or takes to a very great extent.
अतिचर् 1 P. 1 To transgress, violate; be unfaithful to, offend (as a wife &c.); स्वं स्वमाचारमत्यचारिषुः Dk.162; यथा _x001F_1चाहं नातिचरे पतीन्; पुत्राः पितॄनत्यचरन्नार्यश्चात्यचरन् पतीन् Mb; धर्मे चार्ये च कामे च नातिचरामि-विवाहमन्त्र. -2 To pass by, neglect, omit. -3 To overtake, overcome; surpass, excel.
अतिद्वय a. [द्वयमतिक्रान्तः; नास्ति द्वयं यस्य वा] Surpassing the two (बृहत्कथा and वासवदत्ता), or having no second or equal, incomparable, matchless; धिया निबद्धेयमतिद्वयी कथा K.5.
अतिपत्तिः f. 1 Going beyond, passing, lapse; देशकालातिपत्तौ च गृहीत्वा स्वयमर्पयेत् Y.2.169. -2 Non-performance, failure; लिङ्निमित्ते लृङ् क्रियातिपत्तौ P.III. 3.139. (the conditional is used instead of the potential, when the non-performance of an action is implied). -3 [पत्तिम् अतिक्रान्तः] One surpassing a foot-soldier.
अतिमुक्त a.. 1 Entirely free from worldly desires, finally emancipated. -2 Barren, seedless. -3 Surpassing, (a necklace of) pearls; अतिमुक्तमद्ग्रथितकेसरावली Māl. 5.8. -क्तः -क्तकः 1 A kind of creeper (माधवी, Mar. कुसरी or कस्तुरमोगरा) represented as twisting itself round the mango tree and as the beloved of that tree; cf. क इदानीं सहकारमन्तरेणातिमुक्तलतां पल्लवितां सहते Ś.3; परि- गृहाण गते सहकारतां त्वमतिमुक्तलताचरितं मयि M.4.13. -2 N. of a tree, Dalbergia Oujeinensis (तिनिश). -3 (˚क्तकः) Mountain ebony; N. of a tree called हरिमन्थ (तिन्दुक वृक्ष, तालवृक्ष also).
अतिरिच् (Gen. used in pass.) 1 To surpass, excel, be superior to (with abl.); अश्वमेधसहस्रेभ्यः सत्यमेवाति-
रिच्यते H.4.131; गृहं तु गृहिणीहीनं कान्तारादतिरिच्यते Pt.4. 81; वाचः कर्मातिरिच्यते 'example is better than precept'; sometimes with acc.; न च नारायणो$त्रभवन्तमतिरिच्यते K. 23; or used by itself in the sense of 'to be supreme', 'prevail' 'triumph', 'predominate', 'be mightier'; अन्योन्यगुणवैशेष्यान्न किञ्चिदतिरिच्यते Ms.9.296 none is supreme or higher than another; 12.25; so दैवमत्रातिरिच्यते, स्वभावो$तिरिच्यते H.1.16; स्वल्पमप्यतिरिच्यते H.2 is of great importance. -2 To be left with a surplus, be redundant or superfluous.
अतिरिक्त p. p. 1 Surpassed, excelled; सर्वातिरिक्तसारेण R.1.14. strength exceeding that of all creatures; सुत- जन्मातिरिक्तेन महोत्सवेन K.137 surpassing the birth of a son. -2 Redundant, superfluous, remaining over and above; परिपूरितहृदयातिरिक्तहर्षमिव K.66 not contained in the heart. -3 Excessive, exuberant. -4 unequalled, unsurpassed; supreme, elevated समश्नुवानाः सहसा$ तिरिक्तताम् Ki.14.33 being raised up or elevated. -5 Different (generally व्यतिरिक्त in this sense, q. v.). -6 Quite empty. -Comp. -अङ्ग a. having a redundant limb (a finger, toe &c.). (-गम्) a redundant limb or member.
अतिवृत् 1 A. (P. in epic poetry) 1 To pass over or by, cross (as a place &c.). उपासते पुरुषं ये ह्यकामास्ते शुक्रमेतदतिवर्तन्ति धीराः Muṇḍ.3.2.1. -2 (a) To go beyond, exceed (fig. also); वाग्विभवातिवृत्तमाचार्यकम् Māl.1. 26 exceeding or transcending the powers of speech, indescribable; मुकुलावस्थामतिवृत्तेषु तण्डुलेषु Dk.132; का ते स्तुतिः स्तुतिपथादतिवृत्तधाम्नः Mv.4.29 transcending praise. (b) To offend, overstep, transgress, violate; यो$स्याः शासनमतिवर्तेत Dk.167; को$तिवर्तते दैवम् 51 who can transgress the decrees of Fate? को$न्यो जीवितुकामो देवस्य शासनमतिवर्तेत Mu.3. न खलु दूरगतो$तिवर्तते Śi.6.19. (c) To neglect, omit, let _x001F_+slip. (d) To have no regard to, disregard, slight; offend (especially by unfaithfulness), injure; शपथशतातिवर्ती Dk.62 disregarding; ऋतुस्नातां सतिं भार्यां ... अतिवर्तेत दुष्टात्मा; यथाहं कर्मणा वाचा शरीरेण च राघवम् । सततं नातिवर्तेय Rām. अपत्यलोभाद् या तु स्त्री भर्तार- मतिवर्तते Ms.5.161. -3 (a) To surpass, excel; मनुष्य-- संख्यामतिवर्तितुं वा Ki.3.4; एष जनतातिवर्तिनो Śi.14.59; बान्धवस्नेहं राज्यलोभो$तिवर्तते Ks.41.4; to outweigh, preponderate. (b) To overcome, subdue, vanquish, get the better of; get over, escape or get loose from; असाध्यानतिवर्तन्ते प्रमेहा रजनीं यथा Suśr.; किमाचारः कथं चैतांस्त्रीन् गुणानतिवर्तते Bg.14.21 transcend these three qualities; दैवं पौरुषेण˚ Mb., Dk.73, Ks.121.67. -4 (Intrans.) To pass away, glide away, elapse (as time); to be late or delay; एवं तयोः प्रत्यहमन्योन्याहारादि दानेन कालो$तिवर्तते H.1; महता स्नेहेन कालो$तिवर्तते H.2; समयो नातिवर्तते Mv.6; आषोड- शाद् ब्राह्मणस्य सावित्री नातिवर्तते Ms.2.38 is not late (नातिक्रान्तकाला भवति). -5 To go away from, leave, abandon (abl.); यथा मे हृदयं नित्यं नातिवर्तति राघवात् Rām. -Caus. 1 To slight, not to heed, disregard सुहृदश्चाति- वर्तिताः Dk.136. -2 To let out, discharge (as excrement).
अतिशी 2 A. 1 To surpass, excel; पूर्वान्महाभाग तया$- तिशेषे R.5.14; चरितेन चातिशयिता मुनयः Ki.6.32, Bk.7. 46,8.1; न शक्नुमो वयमार्यस्य मतिमतिशयितुम् Mu.3. -2 To precede in sleeping; अहं पतीन्नातिशये Mb. -3 To annoy, act as an incubus. -Caus. (-शाययति) To excel; धाम्नातिशाययति धाम सहस्रधाम्नः Mu.3.17.
अतिशयन a. [शी-भावे-ल्युट] Surpassing, (in comp.); great, eminent, abundant. -नम् Excess, abundance, superfluity. -नी N. of a metre of four lines, also called चित्रलेखा.
अतिश्व a. 1 Surpassing in strength a dog (such as a boar &c.). -2 Worse than a dog. -श्वा Service; cf. सेवां लाघवकारिणीं कृतधियः स्थाने श्ववृत्तिं विदुः Mu.3.14 -श्वः N. of a tribe.
अतिष्ठा 1 P. To excel; be over (Ved.); स भूमिं विश्वतो वृत्वात्यतिष्ठद्दशाङ्गुलम् Rv.1.9.1. was over and above by 1 Añgulas. -ष्ठा [स्था-क्विप् षत्वम्] Superiority, precedence. मैतस्मिन्संवदिष्ठा अतिष्ठाः Bṛi. Up.2. 1.2. -a. ˚वत्-वन् Surpassing, standing at the head of all.
अती [अति-इ] 2 P. 1 To go beyond, pass on, over or beyond, cross (time or space); स्तोकमन्तरमतीत्य Ś. 1; जवादतीये हिमवानधोमुखैः Ki.14.54 was gone to or reached; स्थातव्यं ते नयनविषयं यावदत्येति भानुः Me.36 passes out of sight; अतीत्यैकादशाहं तु नामकर्म तथा$करोत् Rām. after 11 days; गृहपङ्क्तयश्चिरमतायिरे जनैः Śi.13.53. -2 To enter, step over; अद्वारेण च नातीयात् ग्रामं वा वेश्म वा वृतम् Ms.4.73. -3 To excel, surpass, outstrip, be more than a match for; त्रिस्रोतसः कान्तिमतीत्य तस्थौ Ku.7.15; सत्यमतीत्य हरितो हरिंश्च वर्तन्ते वाजिनः Ś.1; अग्निस्त्विषा नात्येति पूषणम् Śi.2.23; to exceed, go beyond, transcend; कुसीदवृद्धिर्द्वैगुण्यं नात्येति Ms.8.151 does not exceed; अतीत्य वाचां मनसां च गोचरं स्थिताय Ki.18.41, अपराधशतक्षमं नृपः क्षमयात्येति भवन्तमेकया Śi 16.48. -4 To overcome, subdue, vanquish, get the better of; न प्रदीप इव वायुमत्यगात् R. 19.53 did not overcome, outlive or survive; to overtake, out-do -5 To walk by, walk past, pass by, leave behind; स्रोतोवहां पथि निकामजलामतीत्य Ś.6.16; सो$त्य- गाद् आश्रमम् R.15.37. -6 To omit, neglect, disregard, violate, transgress, overstep; न दिष्टमर्थमत्येतुमीशो मर्त्यः कथंचन Mb. avoid; अतीत्य ही गुणान् सर्वान् स्वभावो मूर्ध्नि वर्तते H.1.18 देशं कालं च यो$तीयात् Y.2.195; अतीयात्सागरो वेलां न प्रतिज्ञामहं पितुः Rām.; भूतान्यत्येति पञ्च वै Ms.12.9 oversteps the five elements (मोक्षं प्राप्नोति Kull.); अत्येति तत्सर्वमिदं विदित्वा Bg.8.28,14.2. -7 (Intrans.) To pass, elapse (time); अत्येति रजनी या तु सा न प्रतिनिवर्तते Rām.; अतीते दक्षिणायने &c. -8 To overflow, be redundant, be in excess. -9 To die.
अधस् अधः ind. [अधर-असि, अधरशव्दस्थाने अध् आदेशः P.V.3.39.] 1 Below, down; पतत्यधो धाम विसारि सर्वतः Śi.1.2; in lower region, to the infernal regions or hell; व्यसन्यधो$धो व्रजति स्वर्यात्यव्यसनी मृतः Ms.7.53. (According to the context अधः may have the sense of the nominative, ˚अङ्कुशः &c.; ablative, अधो वृक्षात् पतति; or locative, अधो गृहे शेते). -2 Beneath, under, used like a preposition with gen.; तरूणाम्˚ Ś.1.14; rarely with abl. also; बाहित्थं तु ततो$प्यधः Hemachandra; (when repeated) lower and lower, down and down; अधोधः पश्यतः कस्य महिमा नोपचीयते H.2.2; यात्यधोधो- व्रजत्युच्चैर्नरः स्वैरेव कर्मभिः H.2.47; अधोधो गङ्गेयं पदमुपगता स्तोकं Bh.2.1; from under, just below (with acc.); नवानधो$धो बृहतः पयोधरान् Śi.1.4. In comp. with nouns अधः has the sense of (a) lower, under, as ˚भुवनं, ˚लोकः the lower world; ˚वासः or ˚अंशुकम् an under-garment; or (b) the lower part; ˚कायः the lower part of the body; अधःकृ means to surpass, eclipse, overcome, vanquish, despise, scorn; तपः शरीरैः कठिनैरुपार्जितं तपस्विनां दूरमधश्चकार सा Ku.5.29; अधःकृताशेषान्तःपुरेण K.177; ˚कृतकुसुमायुधं 179; Śi.1.35; क्षितिप्रतिष्ठो$पि मुखारविन्दैवर्धूजनश्च- न्द्रमधश्चकार 3.52; ˚कृतैनसः Śi.16.8. dispelled. (c) अधस्, अधस्तात् -Pudendum muliebre. -Comp. -अक्ष a. situated below the axle or car. (-क्षम्) adv. below the car, under the axle. -अक्षजः [अक्षात् इन्द्रियाज्वायते इति अक्षजं प्रत्यक्षज्ञानम्, तदधरं ग्राहकत्वाभावात् हीनं यस्य सः Tv.; अधःकृतं अक्षजम् इन्द्रियज्ञानं येन Malli.] N. of Viṣṇu; other etymologies of the name are also found; (1) अधो न क्षीयते जातु
यस्मात्तस्मादधोक्षजः; (2) द्यौरक्षं पृथिवी चाधस्तयोर्यस्मादजायत । मध्ये वैराजरूपेण ततो$धोक्षज इष्यते ॥ -अधस् See above. -उपास- नम् sexual intercourse. -अङ्गम्, -द्वारम्, -मर्म the anus; Pudendum Muliebre. -करः the lower part of the hand (करभ). -करणम् excelling, defeating, degradation; K.22; so ˚क्रिया; सहते न जनोप्यधःक्रियाम् Ki.2.47. degradation, dishonour. -खननम् undermining. -गतिः f., गमनम् -पातः 1 a downward fall or motion, descent; going downwards. -2 degradation, downfall, going to perdition or hell; मूलानामधोगतिः K.41 (where ˚ति has both senses); ˚तिम् आयाति Pt.1.15 sinks, comes down (feels dishonoured); Ms.3.17; अरक्षितारमत्तारं नृपं विद्याद- धोगतिम् 8.39 destined to go to hell. -गन्तृ m. one who digs downwards. a mouse. -ग-घ-ण्टा [अधरात् अधस्तादा- रभ्य घण्टेव तदाकारफलत्वात्] a plant Achyranthes Aspera (अपामार्ग. Mar. आघाडा). -चरः [अधः खनित्वा चरति-अच्] 1 thief. -2 one who goes downwards. -जानु n. the lower part of the knee. -ind. below the knee. -जिह्विका [अल्पा जिह्वा जिह्विका, अधरा जिह्विका] the uvula (Mar. पडजीभ). -तलम् the lower part or surface; शय्या˚, खट्वा˚. -दिश् f. the lower region, the nadir; the southern direction. -दृष्टि a. casting a downward look, a posture in Yoga; करणान्यबहिष्कृत्य स्थाणुवन्निश्चलात्मकः । आत्मानं हृदये ध्यायेत् नासाग्रन्यस्तलोचनः ॥ इति योगसारे. cf. also Ku.3.47. (-ष्टिः) a downward look. -पदं [अधोवृत्ति पदं, पादस्याधःस्थानं वा] the place under the foot, a lower place. -पातः = ˚गति q. v. above. -पुष्पी [अधोमुखानि पुष्पाणि यस्याः] Names of two plants अवाक्- पुष्पी (Pimpinella Anisum) and गोजिह्वा Elephantopus (Seaber). -प्रस्तरः a seat of grass for persons in mourning to sit upon. -भक्तम् [अधरं भक्तं यस्मात्] a dose of water, medicine &c. to be taken after meals &c. (भोजनान्ते पीयमानं जलादिकम्). -भागः 1 the lower part (of the body); पूर्वभागो गुरुः पुंसामधोभागस्तु योषितां Suśr. -2 the lower part of any thing, the region below, down below; ˚व्यवस्थितं किंचित्पुरमालोकितं Pt.1. situated down below, See पाताल. -भूः f. lower ground, land at the foot of a hill. -मुख, -वदन a. having the face downwards; ˚खी तिष्ठति; ˚खैः पत्रिभिः R.3.37. -2 head-long, precipitate, flying downwards. -3 upside down, topsyturvy. (-खः) N. of Viṣṇu. (-खा, -खी) N. of a plant गोजिह्वा. (-खम्) (नक्षत्रम्) 1 flying downwards, having a downward motion; these nakṣatras are : मूलाश्लेषा कृत्तिका च विशाखा भरणी तथा । मघा पूर्वात्रयं चैव अधोमुखगणः स्मृतः ॥ Jyotiṣa. -2 N. of a hell. -यन्त्रम् a still. -रक्तपित्तम् discharge of blood from the anus and urethra. -राम a. [अधोभागे रामः शुक्लः, दृष्टितर्पकत्वात् तस्य रामत्वम्] having a white colour or white marks on the lower part of the body (said of a goat); -लम्बः 1 a plummet. -2 a perpendicular. -3 the lower world. -वर्चस् a. strong _x001F_3in the lower regions; whose lustre penetrates downwards. -वशः Pudendum Muliebre. -वायुः [अधोगामी वायुः शाक. त.] breaking wind, flatulency. -वेदः to marry a second wife when the first is alive. -शय, -य्य a. sleeping on the ground. (-य्या) sleeping on the ground; अग्नीन्धनं भैक्षचर्यामधःशय्यां गुरोर्हितए । आसमावर्तनात् कुर्यात्कृतोपनयनो द्विजः ॥ Ms.2.18. -शिरस् a. -मुख (n.) N. of a hell. -स्थ, स्थित a. situated below, -स्वस्तिकम् the nadir.
अधिक a. [abbreviation of अध्यारूढ; अध्यारूढशब्दात् कन् उत्तरपदलोपश्च P.V.2.73]. 1 More, additional, greater (opp. ऊन or सम); तदस्मिन्नधिकम् P.V.2.45. (In comp. with numerals) plus, greater by; अष्टाधिकं शतम् 1 plus 8 = 18; चत्वारिंशतो$धिकाः = ˚चत्वारिंशाः more than 4; नवाधिकां नवतिम् R.3.69; एकाधिकं हरेज्जयेष्टः Ms.9.117. -2 (a) Surpassing in quantity, more numerous, copious, excessive, abundant; in comp. or with instr.; श्वासः प्रमाणाधिकः Ś.1.29. more than the usual measure. (b) Inordinate, grown, increased, become greater; abounding in, full of; strong in; ˚क्रोध R.12.9; वयो$धिकः Ms.4.141 senior in years; शिशुरधिकवयाः Ve.3.32. old, advanced in years; भवनेषु रसाधिकेषु v. l. (सुधारितेषु) पूर्वं Ś.7.2; करोति रागं हृदि कौतुकाधिकं K.2.; रसाधिके मनसि Śi.17.48 abounding in. -3 (a) More, greater, stronger, mightier, more violent or intense; अधिकां कुरु देवि गुरुभक्तिम् K.62; ऊनं न सत्त्वेष्वधिको बबाधे R.2.14 the stronger animal did not prey on the weaker; पुमान्पुंसो$धिके शुक्रे स्त्री भवत्यधिके स्त्रियाः Ms.3.49; अधिकं मेनिरे विष्णुम् Rām.; अधिकं मित्रम् Pt.2; यवीयान्गुणतो$धिकः Ms.11.185;9.154. (b) Superior to, better than; higher than [with abl. or in comp.); प्रमाणादधिकस्यापि मत्तदन्तिनः Pt.1.327; सेनाशते- भ्यो$धिका बुद्धिः Mu.1.27 surpassing, more than a match for &c.; विधेरधिकसंभारः R.15.62 more than what was sanctioned by rules; तपस्विभ्यो$धिको योगी Bg.6.46; ब्रह्म प्रदानेभ्यो$धिकम् Y.1.212; अश्वाधिको राजा H.3.77 strong in cavalry; धनधान्याधिको वैश्यः H.4.21 excels in, is superior by reason of; लोकाधिकं तेजः Mu.4.1 superior to; sometimes with gen.; पञ्चदशानां भ्रातणामधिको गुणैः K.136. -4 Later, subsequent, further than (of time); राजन्य- बन्धोर्द्वाविंशे (केशान्तो विधीयते) वैश्यस्य द्वयधिके ततः Ms.2.65.2 years later i. e. in the 24th year; sometimes with gen.; ममाधिका वा तुल्या वा Rām. -5 Eminent, uncommon, special, peculiar (असाधारण); विद्या नाम नरस्य रूपमधिकम् Bh.2.2 superior or uncommon form or beauty; धर्मो हि तेषामधिको विशेषः H. Pr.25; इज्याध्ययनदानानि वैश्यस्य क्षत्रियस्य च । प्रतिग्रहो$धिको विप्रे याजनाध्यनापने तथा ॥ Y.1.118; sometimes used in the comparative in the above senses; क्लेशो$धिकतरस्तेषाम् Bg.12.5; ˚तरमिदानीं राजते राजलक्ष्मीः V. 5.22; स्वर्गादधिकतरं निर्वृत्तिस्थानम् Ś.7. -6 Redundant, superfluous; ˚अङ्ग having a redundant limb; नोद्वहेत्कपिलां कन्यां नाधिकाङ्गीं न रोगिणीम् Ms.3.8. -7 Intercalated, intercalary (as a month &c.) -8 Inferior, secondary. -कम् 1 Surplus, excess, more; लाभो$धिकं फलम् Ak. -2 Abundance, redundancy, superfluity. -3 A figure of speech equivalent to hyperbole; आश्रयाश्रयिणोरेकस्याधिक्ये$धिक- मुच्यते । किमधिकमस्य ब्रूमो महिमानं वारिधेईरिर्यत्र । अज्ञात एव शेते कुक्षौ निक्षिप्य भुवनानि ॥ अत्र आश्रयस्याधिक्यम् । युगान्तकालप्रतिसंहृता- त्मनो जगन्ति यस्यां सविकाशमासत । तनौ ममुस्तत्र न कैटभद्विपस्तपो- धनाभ्यागमसंभृता मुदः ॥ S. D; महतोर्यन्महीयांसावाश्रिताश्रययोः क्रमात् । आश्रयाश्रयिणौ स्यातां तनुत्वे$यधिकं तु तत् ॥ K. P.1. -adv. 1 More, in a greater degree; स राज्यं गुरुणा दत्तं प्रतिपद्याधिकं बभौ R.4.1; shone the more; 3.18; यस्मिन्नैवा- धिकं चक्षुरारोपयति पार्थिवः Pt.1.243; oft. in comp.; इयम- धिकमनोज्ञा Ś.1.2; ˚सुरभि Me.21. -2 Exceedingly, too much. -Comp. -अङ्ग a. (-ङ्गी f.) having a redundant limb. Ms.3.8. (see above -6) (-ङ्गम्) [अधिको$ङ्गात्] a sash, girdle or belt worn over the mail coat. -अधिक a. more and more, out-doing one another. -अर्थ a. exaggerated; ˚वचनम् exaggeration, an exaggerated statement or assertion (whether of praise or of censure); कृत्यैरधिकार्थवचने P.II,1.33; (˚नम् = स्तुति- निन्दाफलकमर्थवादवचनम्; e. g. वातच्छेद्यं तृणम् i. e. so light and weak; काकपेया नदी so deep and full). -ऋद्धि a. abundant, prosperous; ऋद्धिमन्तमधिकर्द्धिरुत्तरः पूर्वमुत्सवमपोहदुत्सवः R.19.5. -तिथिः, f. -दिनं, -दिवसः an intercalated day. -दन्तः = अधिदन्तः -मांसार्मन् = अधिमांस q. v. -वाक्योक्तिः f. exaggeration, hyperbole. -षाष्टिक- साप्ततिक a. containing or costing more than 6 or 7.
अधिक्षिप् 6 P. 1 To insult, abuse, asperse, vilify, traduce, censure; किं मां संभृतदोषैरधिक्षिपथ Ś.5 heap accusations on me; नृपतावधिक्षिपति शौरिम् Śi.15.44; न मे पादरजसा तुल्य इत्यधिक्षिप्तः M.1. -2 To throw or lay upon, bespatter. -3 To superinduce (disease). -4 To surpass. cf. अधिक्षिपदब्जनेत्र a. Having eyes which eclipse the lotus.
अनति ind. Not very much; compounds beginning with अनति may be analysed by referring to अति; e. g. अनतिक्रमः moderation; अनतिक्रमणीय not to be transgressed, inviolable, अनतिदृश्य opaque; अनातेद्भुत unsurpassed, real, true, proper, ब्रह्मा त इन्द्र गिर्वणः क्रियन्ते अनतिद्भुता Rv.8.9.3. अनतिव्याध्य invulnerable; अनत्यन्तगति P.V. 4.4 sense of diminutive words; अनत्यय imperishable, undecaying &c.; अनतिप्रश्न not to be asked to excess; अनतिविलम्बिता absence of delay; fluency as a speaker's qualification, one of the 35 Vāgguṇas, q. v.
अनुत्तम a. [न उत्तमो यस्मात्] 1 Than which there is nothing better, having no superior or better, unsurpassed, the very best or highest, incomparably or preeminently the best, सर्वद्रव्येषु विद्यैव द्रव्यमाहुरनुत्तमम् H. Pr.4; कान् गतिमनुत्तमाम् Ms.2.242; Y.1.87; अद्रस्त्वया नुन्नमनुत्तमं तमः Śi.1.27 all-pervading; Bg.7.18; Ms.2.9;5.158; 8.81. -2 Not the best. -3 (in gram.) Not used in the उत्तम or first person. -मः N. of Śiva or Viṣṇu. -Comp. -अम्भस्, -अम्भसिकम् a term in Sāṅkhya Philosophy, said to mean 'indifference to and abstinence from sensual enjoyment, as fatiguing or involving injury to external objects.'
अनुत्तर a. [नास्ति उत्तरो यस्मात्] 1 Principal, chief. -2 Best, excellent; अनुत्तराणि विलसितानि Dk.162 unsurpassed. शरीरसौख्यार्थमनुत्तरस्य निपेततुर्मूर्धनि तस्य सौम्ये । Bu. ch.1.35. -3 [नास्ति उत्तरं यस्य] Without a reply, silent, unable to answer; भवत्यवज्ञा च भवत्यनुत्तरात् Naiṣadha. -4 Fixed, firm (न उत्तरति चलति). अर्थ्यं तथ्यं हितं वाक्यं लघुयुक्तमनुत्तरम् Mb.2.2.5. -5 Low, inferior, base, mean. -6 Southern. -रम् [न. त.] No reply, a reply which, being evasive, is considered to be no reply. -राः (pl.) A class of gods among Jainas (˚उपपातिक). -उपपातिकदशाः f. Title of the ninth aṅga of the Jainas treating of those gods. -रा The south. ...अनुत्तरः । नोदीच्यां नोपरि श्रेष्ठे...। Nm. -Comp. -योगतन्त्रम् Title of the last of the four Bauddhatantras.
अपराजित a. Unconquered, invincible, unsurpassed; ˚ता दिक् the north-east direction, (ऐशानी) so called because the Gods were not defeated there; ते (देवासुराः) उदीच्यां प्राच्यां दिश्ययतन्त ते ततो न पराजयन्त सैषा दिगपराजिता Ait. Br., अपराजितां वास्थाय व्रजेद्दिशमजिह्मगः Ms.6.31. -तः 1 A sort of poisonous insect. -2 N. of Viṣṇu; N. of Śiva. अपराजित -अप्रतिहत -जयन्त -वैजयन्त -कोष्ठकान् ...पुरमध्ये कारयेत् Kau. A.2.4. -3 One of the 11 Rudras. -4 A class of divinities forming a portion of the अनुत्तर divinities of the Jainas. -5 N. of a sage. -ता N. of Durgā, to be worshipped on the Vijayādaśamī or Dasarā day; तिष्ठ देवि शिखाबन्धे चामुण्डे ह्यपराजिते Sandhyā; दशम्यां च नरैः सम्यक् पूजनीया$पराजिता । ...ददाति विजयं देवी पूजिता जयवर्धिनी Skanda P. -2 N. of several plants; दूर्वा, शेफालिका, जयन्ती, असन, शङ्खिनी, हपुषा, असनपर्णी. -3 A kind of plant (or ओषधि) fastened round the wrist and serving as a charm or amulet; see. Ś.7. (In Vikramorvaśīyam Act 2, Kālidāsa uses अपराजिता in the sense of a spell or विद्या; ननु भगवता देवगुरुणा अपराजितां नाम शिखाबन्धनविद्यामुप- दिशता त्रिदशपरिपक्षस्यालङ्घनीये कृते स्वः). -4 The north-east quarter; see under ˚त above. -5 A kind of metre, 4 lines with 14 syllables in each -6 A sort of Yoginī.
अपराजिष्णु aparājiṣṇu पराजेय parājēya
अपराजिष्णु पराजेय a. Invincible.
अभिघातः 1 Striking, (fig. also); beating, smiting, attack, injury, hurt; तटाभिघातादिव लग्नपङ्के Ku.7.49; शीतातपाभिघातान् Ms.12.77 attacks of heat and cold; so दुःख˚, शोक˚ &c. -2 (In Vaiśeṣika Phil.) Striking against (such as gives rise to sounds &c.), regarded as a kind of संयोग. -3 Striking back, driving or warding off. -4 Extirpation, complete destruction or removal; दुःखत्रयाभिघाताज्विज्ञासा तदभिघातके हेतौ Sāṅ. K.1. -5 Abrupt or vehement articulation of words (as of Vedic texts); sudden shock. -तम् 1 The combination of the 4th letter of any class with the first or third letter of that class; of the second with the first; and of the third with the second letter of any class; अभिघातं स्यात्पूर्वं वैदद्वित्र्यादिवर्णाश्चेत् । नववर्गाणां नवतो धरणीचन्द्रद्विरामाद्याः Śabdak. -2 A harsh pronunciation caused by the neglect of Sandhi rules.
अभूत a. Non-existent, what is not or has not been; not true or real, false; स्तुवन्ति श्रान्तास्याः क्षितिपतिमभूतैरपि गुणैः Mu.3.16, Ki.14.19; Rām. 5.14.34. -Comp. -आहरणम् 'utterance of an unreality', a covert expression, a speech founded on fraud, one of the members of garbha S. D.365. -तद्भावः the becoming or being changed into, or making, that which it is not before; कृभ्वस्तियोगे संपद्येकर्तरि च्विः P.V.4.5; अभूततद्भावे इति वक्तव्यम्; अकृष्णः कृष्णः संपद्यते तं करोति कृष्णीकरोति Sk.; cf. पयोधरीभूतचतुःसमुद्राम् R.2.3. -पूर्व a. unprecedented, unsurpassed; अभूत् ˚र्वो राजा चिन्तामणिर्नाम Vās.1, कुतो$द्यसमरोदधेरयमभूतपूर्वः पुरः Ve. 3.2. Śi.3.3. -प्रादुर्भावः becoming manifest of what has not been before. -शत्रु a. having no enemy.
अभ्यधिक a. 1 More than, exceeding, beyond; सद्यः- प्रसूताप्रियापीतादभ्यधिकम् U.4.1 remaining after &c. Pt. -2 Surpassing, more than in quality or quantity, higher, greater; एष चाभ्यधिको$स्माकं गुणः Rām.; न त्वत्सगो$स्त्यभ्यधिकः कुतो$न्यः Bg.11.43; M.3.3. Ms.7. 177; Y.2.295; sometimes with abl. or instr.; धान्यं दशभ्यः कुम्भेभ्यो हरतो$भ्यधिकं वधः Ms.8.32,322; Y.2. 27. प्रभुः क्षमावान् वीरश्च दाता चाभ्यधिको नृपैः Nala.21.13. -3 More than ordinary, extraordinary, pre-eminent; कृष्णाङ्घ्रिरेण्वभ्यधिकाभ्यनेत्री Bhāg 1.19.6. पञ्चाभ्यधिकः शरोभव Ś.6.3. -कम् adv. Very much, exceedingly.
अभ्यारूढ p. p. 1 Ascended, gone up to. -2 Surpassed, excelled.
अभ्यारोहः abhyārōhḥ रोहणम् rōhaṇam
अभ्यारोहः रोहणम् 1 Ascending, mounting, going up to. -2 Ascending in prayer or devotion, muttering holy prayers; अथातः पवमानानामेवाभ्यारोहः Bṛi. Up.1.3. 28. -3 Transition from one place or state to another. -4 Progress.
आतिवाहिक a. [अतिवाहे नियुक्तः ठक्] Employed to convey to the other world; आतिवाहिकास्तल्लिङ्गात् Br. Sūt. 4.3.4. -कम् An epithet of the Sūkṣma Śarira (in Sān. Phil.) from its surpassing the wind in swiftness.
आपा 1 P. 1 To drink up (lit. and fig.); षडाननापीत- पयोधरासु R.14.22; आपीतसूर्यं नभः Mk.5.2 quite concealed or obscured; दिवाकरापीतरसा महौषधीः Mb. -2 To drink with the ears or eyes, hear or see intently; ता राघवं दृष्टिभिरापिबन्त्यः R.7.12; K.86; भगवत्कथासुधामा- पीय कर्णाञ्जलिभिः Bhāg. -3 To eclipse, surpass.
उच्चाटनम् 1 Driving away, expulsion, removal from a place; उच्चाटनं त्वमपि लम्भयसे तदेव Kuval. -2 Separation. -3 Eradication; तापत्रयोच्चाटनम् Viś. Guṇa. 533; extirpation (of a plant). -4 A kind of charm or magical incantation. -5 Working this charm,
ruining one's enemy, making a person leave his business by magical spells by making him disgusted with it. -नः N. of one of the five arrows of Kāma.
उच्छिन्न p. p. 1 Extirpated, destroyed, cut down or off; उच्छिन्नाश्रयकातरेव कुलटा गोत्रान्तरं श्रीर्गता Mu.6.5. -2 Abject, vile. -न्नः Peace obtained by ceding valuable lands.
उत्क्रमणम् 1 Going up or out, departure. -2 Ascent, soaring aloft. -3 Surpassing, exceeding. -4 The flight or passage of the soul (out of the body), i. e. death (= प्राणोत्क्रमणम्) देहादुत्क्रमणं चास्मात्पुनर्गर्भे च संभवम् Ms.6.63; विष्वङ्ङ्न्या उत्क्रमणे भवन्ति Kaṭh.2.6.16; Ch. Up.8.6.6.
उत्था 1 P. [उद्-स्था] 1 To get up, stand, rise, raise oneself; उत्तिष्ठेत्प्रथमं चास्य Ms.2.194; R.9.59; Śi.9.39. -2 To get up from, leave, give up or cease from; अनाशनादुत्तिष्ठति Pt.4. -3 To rise, come up (as the sun
&c.). -4 To rebound (as a ball); कराभिघातोत्थितकन्दुकेयम् R.16.83, -5 To come forth, arise, spring or originate from, accrue from; ग्रामाच्छतमुत्तिष्ठति Mbh; यदुत्तिष्ठति वर्णेभ्यो नृपाणां क्षयि तत्फलम् Ś.2.14; अन्यदमृतादुत्थितम् K.136; उदतिष्ठन् प्रशंसावाचः Dk.49 shouts of applause burst forth (were heard); असंशयं सागरभागुदस्थात् N.22.44. -6 To rise, increase in strength or power, grow, (as an enemy, disease &c.); (Ātm.) उत्तिष्ठमानस्तु परो नोपेक्ष्यः पथ्यमिच्छता Śi.2.1 (= Pt.1.234.) -7 To become animated, rise (from the dead) मृतोत्थिता; Ku.7.4. -8 To be active or brave, rise up; हृदयदौर्बल्यं त्यक्त्वोत्तिष्ठ Bg.2.3,37; Mv.2; Pt.3.21. -9 To make efforts; take pains, strive, try; उत्तिष्ठमानं मित्रार्थे कस्त्वां न बहु मन्यते Bk.8.12; 2.18; Mv.4.6; मुक्तावुत्तिष्ठते जनः Ki.11.13; उदस्थित ऋतौ Śi.14.17. -1 To excel, surpass. -Caus. (उत्थापयति) 1 To cause to stand up, raise, lift up; उत्थाप्यते ग्रावा H.3.35; R.14.59; raise or throw up (as dust); R.7.39. -2 To instigate, excite, rouse to action; त्वामुत्थापयति द्वयम् Śi.2.57,12; Kām.5.4; H.3.85; Dk.17. -3 To arouse, awaken, raise to life, make alive; प्राणो हीदं सर्वमुत्थापयति Śat. Br. -4 To support, feed, aid; अत्र परिकरोत्थापितो$र्थान्तरन्यासालङ्कारः Malli. on Ki.8.4.
उत्पट् 1 P. 1 To root up, extirpate, eradicate, pull up by the roots; R.15.19; Ku.2.43. -2 To tear up or out, draw out; दन्तैर्नोत्पाटयेन्नखान् Ms.4.69; कीलमुत्पाटयन् Pt.1. -3 To remove, dispel; भयम्, रुषम्, कोपम् &c.; राज्यात् to depose.
उदर्कः [Said to be fr. ऋच्] 1 (a) End, conclusion; ˚स्वादुनः कर्मणः Dk.79; सुखोदर्कम् K.328. (b) Result, consequence, future result of an action; उदर्कस्तव कल्याणो भविता Nala.12.67; किंतु कल्याणोदर्कं भविष्यति U.4; प्रयत्नः सफलोदर्क एव Māl.8; Ms.4.176,11.1,9.25,12.18; यो लौल्यात्कुरुते कर्म नैवोदर्कमवेक्षते Pt.5.73. -3 Remote consequence, reward. -4 Future time, futurity. -5 Elevation of a building (as a tower). -6 Surpassing. sometimes used as an adjective in this sense; तेन हि उदर्केण गुणेनात्र भवितव्यम् Pratimā 1. -7 N. of a tree
Vanguiera Spinosa Roxb (मदनवृक्ष). -8 Increase; सर्वद्धर्युपचयीदर्कम् Bhāg.3.23.13.
उद्रिच् (chiefly used in pass.) 1 To excel, surpass (with abl.); ममैवोद्रिच्यते जन्म ... तव जन्मनः Mb. -2 To increase, exceed, preponderate. उत् सहस्राद् रिरिचे कृष्टिषु श्रवः Rv.1.12.7. -3 To abound in.
उद्वृत् 1 Ā. 1 To go upwards, ascend. -2 To fly asunder, burst out; उद्वर्तमानमूलबन्धनम् U.4 the strings of which are giving way or being snapped. -3 To tumble over, fall down. -4 To go out, depart. -5 To rise, swell, increase. -6 To be puffed up with pride, be haughty. -Caus. 1 To extirpate, eradicate, destroy; उद्वर्तितं रसान्तरेण लज्जालुत्वम् Mv.2. -2 To throw up, elevate. -3 To turn round, roll (as eyes). -4 To anoint, smear. -5 To beat to pieces, split, burst; अपां फेनेन नमुचेः शिर इन्द्रोदवर्तयः Rv.8.14.13.
ऊर्ध्व a. Erect, upright, above; ˚केश &c.; rising or tending upwards. -2 Raised, elevated, erected; हस्तः, ˚पादः &c. -3 High, superior, upper. -4 Not sitting (opp. आसीन). -5 Torn (as hair). -6 Thrown up. -र्ध्वम् Elevation, height. -र्ध्वम् -ind. 1 Upwards, aloft, above. अधश्चोर्ध्वं च प्रसृतम् Muṇḍ. Up.2.2.11; अधश्चोर्ध्वं प्रसृतास्तस्य शाखाः Bg.15.1. -2 In the sequel (= उपरिष्टात्). -3 In a high tone, aloud. -4 Afterwards, subsequent to (with abl.); शरीरभेदादूर्ध्वमुत्क्रम्य पुनः Ait. Up.4.6. ते त्र्यहादूर्ध्वमाख्याय Ku.6.93; ऊर्ध्वं संवत्सरात् Ms.9.77; Y.1.53; R.14.66; Bk.18.36; पितुरूर्ध्वम् Ms.9.14 after the father's death; अत ऊर्ध्वम् hence forward, hereafter. -Comp. -अङ्गुलि a. with uplifted finger. -अयन a. going upwards. (-नम्) motion above. -आवर्तः rearing of a horse. -आसितः the plant Momordica Charantia (कारवेल्ल; Mar. कारलें) -ईहः motion or tendency upwards. -कच, -केश a. 1 having the hair erect. -2 one whose hair is torn. -कचः 1 The descending node. -2 N. of Ketu. -केशी N. of a goddess; ऊर्ध्वकेशी विरूपाक्षी मांसशोणितभोजने Sandhyā. -कण्ठ a. with the
neck upraised. (-ण्ठी) N. of a plant (महाशतावरी). -कर्ण a. with the ears pricked up or erect; निभृतोर्ध्वकर्णाः Ś.1.8. -कर्मन् n. -क्रिया 1 motion upwards. -2 action for attaining a high place. -m. N. of Viṣṇu. -कायः, -यम् the upper part of the body. -कृशन a. having the sharp qualities stirred up (Soma) effervescing (?); अयं बिभर्त्यूर्ध्वकृशनं मदम् Rv.1.144.2. -ग, -गामिन् a. 1 going upwards, ascended, rising; भुवा सहोष्माणममुञ्चदूर्ध्वगम् Ku.5.23. -2 being on high. -3 virtuous, pious. (-गः) 1 a kind of disease. -2 N. of of Viṣṇu; ˚पुरम् the city of Hariśchandra. -गत a. gone up, risen, ascended. -गति a. going upwards. (-तिः f.) -गमः, -गमनम् 1 ascent, elevation. -2 going to heaven. -3 going above (as life). -4 Fire. -चरण, -पाद a. having the feet upwards. (-णः) 1 A kind of ascetic or devotee. -2 a fabulous animal called Śarabha. (-पादम्) A kind of dance; Dk.2.8. -चित् a. Ved. collecting, piling or heaping up. -जानु, -ज्ञ, -ज्ञु a. [ऊर्ध्वमुच्चं जानु यस्य] 1 raising the knees, sitting on the hams; क्षणमयमनुभूय स्वप्नमूर्ध्वज्ञुरेव Śi.11.11. -2 long-shanked. -तालः A kind of time (ताल in music). -तिलकिन् a. having a sectarian mark on the forehead. -दंष्ट्र (ष्ट्रा) केश N. of Śiva (whose teeth and hair are erect). -दृश् m. A Crab. -दृष्टि, -नेत्र a. 1 looking upwards. -2 (fig.) aspiring, ambitious. (-ष्टिः f.) concentrating the sight on the spot between the eyebrows (in Yoga Phil.) -द्वारम् The gate opening into heaven. -देवः a superior deity, i. e. Viṣṇu. -देहः a funeral ceremony; ˚निमित्तार्थमहं दातुं जला- ञ्जलिम् Rām. -नभस् a. being above in the clouds. -पथः the upper region, the ether. -पातनम् causing to ascend, sublimation (as of mercury), -पात्रम् a sacrificial vessel; सौवर्णराजताब्जानामूर्ध्वपात्रग्रहाश्मनाम् Y.1.182. -पुण्ड्रः, -ण्ड्रकः a perpendicular sign of sandal on the forehead of a Brāhmaṇa. -पूरम् ind. full to the brim, full to overflowing; ˚रं पूर्यते Sk. -पृश्नि a. Ved. spotted above. (-श्निः) a sacrificial beast. -प्रमाणम् Height altitude. -बर्हिस् a. Ved. being above the sacrificial grass. -m. a kind of manes called सोमप. -बाहुः a devotee who constantly holds his arms above his head till they are fixed in that position. ऊर्ध्वबाहुर्विरौम्येष न च कश्चित् शृणोति माम् Mb. -बुध्न a. Ved. upsidedown, topsy-turvy; अर्वाग्विलश्चमस ऊर्ध्वबुध्नः Bṛi. Up. 2.2.3. -भागः 1 the upper part. -2 any part of a word coming after another part. -भाज् a. 1 being upwards. -2 enjoying the upper part. (-m.) the submarine fire. -मन्थिन् a. living in perpetual chastity, a Brahmachārin; वाताशना य ऋषयः श्रमणा ऊर्ध्व- मन्थिनः Bhāg.11.6.48. -मानम् an instrument for measuring altitudes; ऊर्ध्वमानं किलोन्मानं परिमाणं तु सर्वतः Mbh. on P.V.1.19. -मायु a. sending forth a loud noise. -मारुतम् pressure of the wind (of the body) upwards. -मुख a. having the mouth or opening upwards; cast or directed upwards; प्रबोधयत्यूर्ध्वमुखैर्मुयूखैः Ku.1.16; R.3.57. (-खम्) the upper part of the mouth. -मूल a. having the roots upwards. ऊर्ध्वमूलमधः शाखमश्वत्थं प्राहुरव्यम् । छन्दांसि यस्य पर्णानि यस्तं वेद स वेदवित् ॥ Bg.15.1.9. -मौहूर्तिक a. happening after a short time. -रेत, -रेतस् a. [ऊर्ध्वमूर्ध्वगं नाधः पतत् रेतो यस्य] one who lives in perpetual celibacy or abstains from sexual intercourse; यतीनामूर्ध्वरेतसाम् Mb.3.233.44. (-m.) 1 N. of Śiva. -2 Bhīṣma. -लिङ्गः, -लिङ्गिन् N. of Śiva. (Having the membrum virile above, i. e. chaste) -लोकः the upper world, heaven. -वक्त्रः (pl.) N. of a class of deities. -वर्त्मन् m. the atmosphere. -वातः, -वायुः the wind in the upper part of the body (उदान). -वालम् Yak-tail (चमरीपुच्छ); परिधायोर्ध्ववालं तु Mb.12.165.72. -वृत a. put on above, put over the head or shoulder (as the sacred thread of a Brāhmaṇa); कार्पासमुपवीतं स्याद्विप्रस्योर्ध्ववृतं त्रिवृत् Ms.2.44. -शायिन् a. sleeping with the face upwards (as a child). (-m.) N. of Śiva. -शोधनम् vomiting. -शोधनः Soap-nut tree and fruit, Sapindus Emarginatus (Mar. रिठा). -शोषम् ind. so as to dry (anything) above; यद्वोर्ध्वशोषं तृणवद् विशुल्कः Bk.3.14. -श्वासः expiration; a kind of asthma. -सानु a. rising higher and higher; surpassing; कनिक्रदत् पतयदूर्ध्वसानुः Rv.1.152.5. (-m., -n.) the top of a mountain. -स्थ a. being above, superior. -स्थितिः f. 1 the rearing of a horse. -2 a horse's back. -3 elevation, superiority. -स्रोतस् m. 1 an ascetic who abstains from sexual intercourse; cf. ऊर्ध्वरेतस्. -2 N. of a creation of beings whose stream of life or current of nutriment tends upwards. -3 a plant.
ऊर्ध्व ūrdhva (र्द्ध rddha) कः kḥ
ऊर्ध्व (र्द्ध) कः A kind of drum (Mar. तबला).
कण्टकः कम् 1 A thorn; पादलग्नं करस्थेन कण्टकेनैव कण्टकं (उद्धरेत्) Chāṇ.22; कण्टकेनैव कण्टकम् (उन्मूलयेत्) Pt.4.18 -2 A prickle, a sting; यः कण्टकैर्वितुदति Y.3.53. -3 The point of anything. -4 (Fig.) Any troublesome fellow who is, as it were, a thorn to the state and an enemy of order and good government; उत्खातलोकत्रयकण्टके$पि R.14.73; त्रिदिवमुद्धृतदानवकण्टकम् Ś.7.3; Ms.9.26; Mv.7.8. -5 (Hence) Any source of vexation or annoyance, nuisance; कण्टकानां च शोधनात् Ms.9.253. -6 Horripilation, erection of hair, thrill. -7 A finger-nail. -8 A vexing speech. -9 A fish-bone; अन्धो मत्स्या- निवाश्नाति स नरः कण्टकैः सह Ms.8.95. -1 A sharp stinging pain, symptom of a disease. -11 (In Nyāya philosophy) Refutation of arguments, detection of error. -12 Impediment, obstacle. -13 The first, fourth, seventh, and tenth lunar mansions. -14 A vexing or injurious speech; Mb.1. -कः A bamboo; some other tree (Mar. बेल, बाभळ, हिंगणबेट) फलकं परिधानश्च तथा कण्टक- वस्त्रधृक् Mb.12.33.14; see कण्टकद्रुम. -2 A work-shop, manufactory. -3 Fault, defect; निर्धूतवाक्यकण्टकाम् Mb.12.167.5. -4 N. of Makara or the marine monster, the symbol of the god of love. -की A kind of वार्ताकी. -फलः See कण्टकफल. -Comp. -अग्रः a kind of lizard. -अशनः, -भक्षकः, -भुज् m. a camel. -अष्ठीलः a kind of fish (having many bones). -आगारः a kind of worm. -आढ्यः a kind of tree. -उद्धरणम् 1 (lit.) extracting thorns, weeding. -2 (fig.) removing annoyances, extirpating thieves and all such sources of public annoyance; कण्टकोद्धरणे नित्यमातिष्ठेद्यत्नमुत्तमम् Ms.9.252. -द्रुमः 1 a tree with thorns, a thorny bush; भवन्ति नितरां स्फीताः सुक्षेत्रे कण्टकद्रुमाः Mk.9.7. -2 the Śālmali tree or silk-cotton-tree (Mar. सांवरी). -प्रावृटा Aloe Perfoliata (Mar. कोरफड). -फलः 1 the bread-fruit tree, Panasa tree. -2 the गोक्षुर plant. -3 the castor-oil tree. -4 the Dhattūra tree. -5 a term applicable to any plant the fruit of which is invested with a hairy or thorny coat. -मर्दनम् suppressing disturbance. -युक्त a. having thorns, thorny. -विशोधनम् extirpating every source of disturbance or trouble; राज्यकण्टकविशोधनोद्यतः Vikr.5.1. -वृन्ताकी a species of nightshade with thorny leaves (वार्ताकी). -श्रेणिः, -णी f. 1 the Solanum Jacquini. -2 a porcupine.
क्रम् 1 U., 4. P. (क्रामति, क्रमते, क्राम्यति, चक्राम, चक्रमे, अक्रमीत्, अक्रस्त, क्रान्त) 1 To walk, step, go; क्रामत्यनुदिते सूर्ये वाली व्यपगतक्लमः Rām.; गम्यमानं न तेनासीदगतं क्रामता पुरः Bk.8.2;25. -2 To go to, approach (with acc.).; देवा इमान् लोकानक्रमन्त Śat. Br. -3 To pass or go over, go across, traverse; U.2.13; सुखं योजनपञ्चाशत्क्रमेयम् Rām. -4 To leap, jump; क्रमं वबन्धं क्रमितुं सकोपः (हरिः) Bk. 2.9.5.51. -5 To go up, ascend; क्रामत्युच्चैर्भूभृतो यस्य तेजः Śi.16.83. -6 (a) To cover, occupy, take possession of, fill; क्रान्ता यथा चेतसि विस्मयेन R.14.17. (b) To reach up to, pervade, penetrate; क्रामद्भिर्घनपदवीमनेकसंख्यैः Ki.5.34. -7 To surpass, excel; स्थितः सर्वोन्नतेनोर्वीं क्रान्त्वा मेरुरिवात्मना R.1. 14. -8 To undertake, strive after, be able or competent for, show energy for (with dat. or inf.); व्याकरणाध्यय- नाय क्रमते Sk; धर्माय क्रमते साधुः Vop; व्युत्पत्तिरावर्जितकोविदापि न रञ्जनाय क्रमते जडानाम् Vikr.1.16; हत्वा रक्षांसि लवितुमक्रमी- न्मारुतिः पुनः । अशोकवनिकामेव Bk.9.23. -9 To be developed or increased, to have full scope, be at home (with loc.); कृत्येषु क्रमन्ते Dk.17; क्रमन्ते$स्मिञ्शास्त्राणि, or ऋक्षु क्रमते बुद्धिः Sk. क्रममाणो$रिसंसदि Bk.8.22. -1 To succeed, have effect (Atm.); न चक्रमस्याक्रमताधिकं धरम् Śi.1.54. -11 To be repeated (as a letter or word in the arrangement called क्रम q. v.) -12 To fulfil, accomplish. -13 To have sexual intercourse with; to cover (in copulation); क्रमस्पर्श इव रोहितमनवग्लायता सदा Av.4.4.7. (By वृत्तिसर्गतायनेषु क्रमः P.I.3.38; क्रम् by itself is used in the Ātm. in the sense of 'continuity' or 'want of interruption', 'energy or application', and 'development or increase', and also 'conquering or getting over.) -Caus. (क्रमयति, क्रामयति) 1 To cause to go &c. -2 To repeat a letter (as in the क्रम arrangement). -Desid. चिक्रमिषति, चिक्रंसते &c.
क्रान्तिः f. 1 Going, proceeding. -2 A step, pace. -3 Surpassing. -4 Attacking, overcoming. -5 Declination of a planet. -6 The ecliptic. -Comp. -कक्षः, -मण्डलम्, -वलयः, -वृत्तम् the ecliptic. -क्षेत्रम् a figure described by the ecliptic. -जीवा, -ज्यका, -ज्या the sine of the declination or of the ecliptic. -पातः the equinoctial points or nodes of the ecliptic. -भागः the declination of a point of the ecliptic. -वलयः 1 the ecliptic. -2 the tropical zone, space within the tropics.
क्षेत्रम् [क्षि-ष्ट्रन्] A fiield, ground, soil; चीयते बालिश- स्यापि सत्क्षेत्रपतिता कृषिः Mu.1.3. -2 Landed property, land. -3 Place, abode, region, repository; कपटशतमयं क्षेत्रमप्रत्ययानाम् Pt.1.191; Bh.1.77; Me.16. -4 A sacred spot, a place of pilgrimage; क्षेत्रं क्षत्रप्रधनपिशुनं कौरवं तद्भजेथाः Me.5; Bg.1.1. -5 An enclosed spot of ground, portion or space, superficies, circuit. -6 Fertile soil. -7 Place of origin; Bhāg.2.6.1. -8 A wife; अपि नाम कुलपतेरियमसवर्णक्षेत्रसंभवा स्यात् Ś.1; Ms.3.175; वृद्धस्तु व्याधितो वा राजा ... क्षेत्रे बीजमुत्पादयेत् Kau. A.1.17. -9 The sphere of action, the body (regarded as the field of the working of the soul); योगिनो यं विचिन्वन्ति क्षेत्राभ्यन्तर- वर्तिनम् Ku.6.77; Bg.13.1,2,3. -1 The mind. -11 A house; a town. -12 A plane figure, as a triangle. -13 A diagram. -14 A sign of the zodiac. -15 (in chiromancy) A certain portion marked out on the palm; क्षेत्रं मृजां च विधिवत्कुशलो$वलोक्य सामुद्रविद्वदति यातमनागतं च Bṛi. S.68.1. -Comp. -अंशः a degree of the ecliptic. -अधिदेवता the tutelary deity of any sacred piece of ground. -आजीवः, -करः, -कृत m. a cultivator, peasant. -इक्षुः N. of a corn (यवनाल- Mar. जोंधळा). -गणितम् geometry. -गत a. geometrical. ˚उपपत्तिः f. geometrical proof. -ज a. 1 produced in a field. -2 born from the body. (-जः) 1 one of the 12 kinds of sons allowed by the old Hindu Law, the offspring of a wife by a kinsman duly appointed to raise up issue to the husband; Ms.9.167,18; Y.1.69,2.128. -जात a. begotten on the wife of another. -ज्ञ a. 1 knowing places. -2 clever, dexterous; क्षेत्रज्ञवद्भाषसे त्वं हि धर्मान् Mb.1.89.14. (-ज्ञः) 1 the soul; cf. क्षेत्रज्ञं चापि मां विद्धि सर्वक्षेत्रेषु भारत Bg. 13.1,3; Ms.12.12. -2 the Supreme Soul. -3 a libertine. -4 a husbandman. -5 a form of Śiva. -6 a witness. (-ज्ञा) a girl fifteen years old personating Durgā at a festival. -देवता the deity of the fields; N. of a serpant. -पतिः a land-owner, a landlord. -पदम् a place sacred to a deity; पादौ हरेः क्षेत्रपदानुसर्पणे Bhāg. 9.4.2. -पालः 1 a man employed to guard a field. -2 a deity protecting fields. -3 an epithet of Śiva. -फलम् the area or superficial contents of a figure (in math.) -भक्तिः f. the division of a field. -भूमिः f. cultivated land. -राशिः quantity represented by geometrical figures. -लिप्ता a minute of the ecliptic. -विद् a. = क्षेत्रज्ञ q. v. (-m.) 1 a husbandman. -2 a sage, one who has spiritual knowledge; यमक्षरं क्षेत्रविदो विदुः Ku.3.5. -3 the soul; यः क्षेत्रवित्तपतया हृदि विष्वगाविः Bhāg.4.22.37. -व्यवहारः 1 drawing a figure in geometry. -2 geometrical demonstration. -स्थ a. residing at a sacred place.
खर्परः 1 A thief. -2 A rogue, cheat. -3 A beggar's bowl. -4 The skull. -5 A piece of a broken jar, potsherd. -6 An umbrella. -रम् = खर्परी q. v.
खर्परीका kharparīkā खर्परी kharparī
खर्परीका खर्परी A kind of collyrium.
जि 1 P. (Ātm. when preceded, by परा and वि) (जयति, जिगाय, जिग्ये, अजैषीत्-अजेष्ट, जेतुम्, जित) 1 To conquer, defeat, overcome, vanquish, subjugate; जयति तुलामधिरूढो भास्वानपि जलदपटलानि Pt.1.33; Bk.15.76, 19.2. -2 To surpass, excel; गर्जितानन्तरां वृष्टिं सौभाग्येन जिगाय सा Ku.2.53; R.3.34; Ghaṭ.22; Śi.1.19. -3 To win (by conquest; in gambling or in a law-suit), acquire by conquest, प्रागजीयत घृणा ततो मही R.11.65; (where जि means 'to conquer' also); Ms.7.96. -4 To curb, restrain, control, conquer (as passions). -5 To be victorious, be supreme or pre-eminent (generally used in benedictory stanzas or salutations); जयतु जयतु महाराजः (in dramas); स जयति परिणद्धः शक्तिभिः शक्तिनाथः Māl.5.1; जितमुडुपतिना नमः सुरेभ्यः Ratn.1.5; Bh.2.24; Gīt.1.1. -6 To convict. -7 To overcome or get the better of (as a disease &c.). -8 To expect from (with abl.). -Caus. (जापयति) To cause to win or conquer. -Desid. (जिगीषति) To wish to win, acquire or excel, to vie with, emulate, to seek for; चलति नयान्न जिगीषतां हि चेतः Ki.1.29. With अधि to conquer, defeat, vanquish; Bk.19.2.
जित p. p. [जि-कर्मणि क्त] 1 Conquered, subdued, curbed, restrained, (as enemies, passions &c.). -2 Won, got, obtained (by conquest). -3 Surpassed, excelled. -4 Subject to, enslaved or influenced by; कामजित; स्त्रीजित &c. -तम् Victory. -Comp. -अक्षर a. reading well or readily. -अमित्र a. one who has conquered his foes, triumphant, victorious. -2 one who has subdued his passions. (-त्रः) N. of Viṣṇu. -अरि a. one who has conquered his enemies or passions. (-रिः) an epithet of Buddha. -आत्मन् a. self-subdued, void of passion; जितात्मनः प्रशान्तस्य Bg.6.7. -आहव a. victorious. -इन्द्रिय a. one who has conquered his passions or subdued the senses (रूप, रस, गन्ध, स्पर्श & शब्द); श्रुत्वा स्पृष्ट्वा$थ दृष्ट्वा च भुक्त्वा घ्रात्वा च यो नरः । न हृष्यति ग्लायति वा स विज्ञेयो चितेन्द्रियः Ms.2.98. -काशिः the fist doubled. -काशिन् a. appearing victorious, proud of victory, assuming the airs of a victor; जितकाशिनश्च खचराः Mb. 3.244.6; भीष्मः पुरुषमानी च जितकाशी तथैव च ibid. 5.177.12; चाणक्यो$पि जितकाशितया Mu.2; जितकाशी राजसेवकः ibid. -कोप, -क्रोध, -मन्यु a. imperturbable, not excitable. (-धः) an epithet of Viṣṇu. -नेमिः a staff made of the Aśvattha tree. -लोक a. 'one who has won heaven' (epithet of a class of manes). -शत्रु a. victorious. -शिश्नोदर a. One who has overcome lust and appetite. -श्रम a. inured to fatigue, hardy; कृतहस्तो जितश्रमः Mb. 7.16.24. -स्वर्ग n. one who has won heaven. -हस्त a. one who has exercised his hand.
दुस् A prefix to nouns and sometimes to verbs meaning 'bad, evil, wicked, inferior, hard or difficult, &c.' (N. B. The स् of दुस् is changed to र् before vowels and soft consonants, see दुर्; to a Visarga before sibilants, to श् before च् and छ्, and to ष् before क् and प्.) -Comp. -उपस्थान a. difficult to be approached; यो रणे दुरुपस्थानो हस्तरोधं दधद् धनुः Bk.5.32. -कर a. 1 wicked, acting badly; काँल्लोकांस्तु गमिष्यामि कृत्वा कर्म सुदुष्करम् Mb.12. 27.18. -2 hard to be done or accomplished, arduous, difficult; वक्तुं सुकरं कर्तुं दुष्करम् 'sooner said than done'; Amaru.46; Mk.3.1.; Ms.7.55. (-रम्) 1 a difficult or painful task or act, difficulty. -2 atmosphere, ether. -कर्मन् n. 1 any bad act, sin, crime. -2 any difficult or painful act. -3 A wicked man; ततो वसति दुष्कर्मा नरके शाश्वतीः समाः Mb. -कालः 1 bad times; दुष्काले$पि कलाव- सज्जनरुचौ प्राणैः परं रक्षता Mu.7.5. -2 the time of universal destruction. -3 an epithet of Śiva. -कुलम् a bad or low family; (आददीत) स्त्रीरत्नं दुष्कुलादपि Ms.2.238. -कुलीन a. low-born. -कुह a. hypocritical; अतीन्द्रियेणात्मनि दुष्कुहो$यं मया जनो योजयितुं न शक्यः Bu. Ch.1.18. -कृत्, -कृतिन् m. a wicked person; विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम् Bg.4.8; पुनः पुनर्दुष्कृतिनं निनिन्द R.14.57. -कृतम्, -कृतिः f. a sin, misdeed; उभे सुकृतदुष्कृते Bg.2.5; (ददर्श) ततस्तान् भिद्यमानांश्च कर्मभिः दुष्कृतैः स्वकैः Rām.7.21.21. -क्रम a. ill-arranged, unmethodical, unsystematic. -क्रिया a misdemeanour, bad act. -क्रीत a. not properly purchased; क्रीत्वा मूल्येन यो द्रव्यं दुष्क्रीतं मन्यते क्रयी Nārada Smṛiti. -चर a. 1 hard to be performed or accomplished, arduous, difficult; चरतः किल दुश्चरं तपस्तृण- बिन्दोः परिशङ्कितः पुरा R.8.79; Ku.7.65. -2 inaccessible, unapproachable. -3 acting ill, behaving wickedly. (-रः) 1 a bear. -2 a bi-valve shell. ˚चारिन् a. practising very austere penance. -चरित a. wicked, ill-behaved, abandoned. (-तम्) misbehaviour, ill-conduct; तथा दुश्चरितं सर्वं वेदे त्रिवृति मज्जति Ms.11.263. -चर्मन् a. affected with a disease of the skin, leprous. (-m.) 1 a circumcised man, or one whose prepuce is naturally wanting. -चिकित्स्य a. difficult to be cured, incurable. सुदुश्चिकि- त्स्यस्य भवस्य मृत्योर्भिषक्तमं त्वाद्य गतिं गताः स्म Bhāg.4.3.38. -चिक्यम् the third लग्नराशि; दुश्चिक्यं स्यात्तृतीयकम् Jyotistattvam. -चित्त a. melancholy, sad. -चेष्टितम् misconduct, error. -च्यवनः an epithet of Indra; अत्तुं महेन्द्रियं भागमेति दुश्च्यवनो$धुना Bk.5.11. -च्यावः an epithet of Śiva. -च्छद a difficult to be clothed, tattered. -तर a. (दुष्टर or दुस्तर) 1 difficult to be crossed; तितीर्षुर्दुस्तरं मोहादुडुपेनास्मि सागरम् R.1.2; Ms;4.242; प्रविशेन्मुखमाहेयं दुस्तरं वा महार्णवम् Pt.1.111. -2 difficult to be subdued, insuperable, invincible. -3 not to be surpassed or excelled. -4 difficult to be borne or endured. -तर्कः false reasoning. -पच (दुष्पच) a. difficult to be digested. -पतनम् 1 falling badly. -2 a word of abuse, abusive epithet (अपशब्द). -परिग्रह a. difficult to be seized, taken, or kept; Pt.1.67. लोकाधाराः श्रियो राज्ञां दुरापा दुष्परिग्रहाः Kām. (-हः) a bad wife. -पान a. difficult to be drunk. -पार a. 1 difficult to be crossed. -2 difficult to be accomplished. -पूर a. difficult to be filled or satisfied; दुष्पूरो- दरपूरणाय पिबति स्रोतःपतिं वाडवः Bh.; Bg.3.39. -प्रकाश a. obscure, dark, dim. -प्रक्रिया little authority; Rāj. T.8.4. -प्रकृति a. ill-tempered. evilnatured. -प्रजस् a. having bad progeny. -प्रज्ञ (दुष्प्रज्ञ) a. weakminded, stupid. -प्रज्ञानम् bad intellect. -प्रणीत a. ill-arranged or managed. (-तम्) impolitic conduct; Mb.8.5.2. -प्रतर a. difficult to be overcome or understood; धर्मं सूक्ष्मतरं वाच्यं तत्र दुष्प्रतरं त्वया Mb.12.19.7. -प्रतीक a. difficult to know or recognise; दुष्प्रतीकमरण्ये$स्मिन्किं तात वनमागतः Rām.2.1.5. -प्रद a. causing pain or sorrow; अद्य भीताः पलायन्तु दुष्प्रदास्ते दिशो दश Rām.2.16.29. -प्रधर्ष, -प्रधृष्य 1 un assailable; see दुर्धर्ष; सा दुष्प्रधर्षा मनसापि हिंस्रैः R.2.27. -2 secure from assault, intangible. -प्रमेय a. immeasurable. -प्रवादः slander, calumnious report, scandal. -प्रवृत्तिः f. bad news, evil report; तेषां शूर्पणखैवैका दुष्प्रवृत्तिहराभवत् R.12.51. -प्रसह (दुष्प्रसह) a. 1 irresistible, terrible. -2 hard to bear or endure; M.5.1; R.3.58. -प्राप, -प्रापण a. unattainable, hard to get; R.1.48; असंयता- त्मना योगो दुष्प्राप इति मे मतिः Bg.6.36. -प्रीति f. displeasure. -मरम् a sad demise; अकाले दुर्मरमहो यज्जीवामस्तया विना Bk.6.14. -शंस a. Ved. evil-minded, malevolent, wicked. -शक, -शक्त a.powerless, weak. -शकुनम् a bad omen. -शला N. of the only daughter of धृतराष्ट्र given in marriage to Jayadratha. -शासन a. difficult to be managed or governed, intractable. (-नः) N. of one of the 1 sons of धृतराष्ट्र. [He was brave and warlike, but wicked and intractable. When Yudhiṣṭhira staked and lost even Draupadī, Duhśāsana dragged her into the assembly by her hair and began to strip her of every clothing; but Krisna, ever ready to help the distressed, covered her from shame and
ignominy. Bhīma was so much exasperated at this dastardly act of Duhśāsana that he vowed in the assembly that he would not rest till he had drunk the villain's blood. On the 16th day of the great war Bhīma encountered Duhśāsana in a single combat, killed him with ease, and drank, according to his resolution, his blood to his heart's content.] -शील (दुश्शील) a. ill-mannered or ill behaved, reprobate. -शृङ्गी a disloyal wife. -ष्ठु see दुस्थ a. unsettled, in calamity; कथं दुष्ठुः स्वयं धर्मे प्रजास्त्वं पालयिष्यसि Bk.6.132. -संचार a. difficult to be passed; दुःसंचारासु नगरवीथीषु; Pt.1.173. -षम (दुःषम or दुष्षम), -सम (दुःसम or दुस्सम) a. 1 uneven, unlike, unequal. -2 adverse, unfortunate, -3 evil, improper, bad. -षमम्, -समम् ind. ill, wickedly. -सत्त्वम् an evil being. -सथः 1 a dog. -2 a cock; L. D. B. -संधान, -संधेय a. difficult to be united or reconciled. -मृद्धटवत् सुखभेद्यो दुःसन्धानश्च दुर्जनो भवति Subhāṣ. -संस्थित a. very sinful or ugly to look at; Rām.2.9.4. -सह (दुस्सह) a. unbearable, irresistible, insupportable. भवत्यनिष्टादपि नाम दुःसहात् Ku. -साक्षिन् m. a false witness. -साध, -साध्य a. 1 difficult to be accomplished or managed. -2 difficult to be cured. -3 difficult to be conquered. -साधिन् m. door-keeper; L. D. B. -सुप्त a. having bad dreams (in one's sleep). -स्थ, -स्थित a. (written also दुस्थ and दुस्थित) 1 ill-conditioned, poor, miserable. -2 suffering pain, unhappy, distressed; कल्पान्तदुःस्था वसुधा तथोहे Bk. -3 unwell, ill. -4 unsteady, disquieted. -5 foolish, unwise, ignorant. -स्थम् ind. badly, ill, unwell; दुःस्थं तिष्ठसि यच्च पथ्यमधुना कर्तास्मि तच्छ्रो- ष्यसि; Amaru. -स्थितिः f. 1 bad condition or situation, unhappiness, misery. -2 instability. -स्पृष्टम् (दुः-दुस्पृ- ष्टम्) 1 slight touch or contact. -2 slight touch or action of the tongue which produces the sounds य्, र्, ल् and व्; दुस्पृष्टश्चेति विज्ञेयो लृकारः प्लुत एव च. -स्फाटः a kind of weapon; L. D. B. -स्मर a. hard or painful to remember; U.6.34. -स्वप्नः a bad dream.
दूर a. (Compar. दवीयस्, superl. दविष्ठ) 1 Distant, remote, far off, a long way off, long; किं दूरं व्यवसायिनाम् Chāṇ.73; न योजनशतं दूरं वाह्यमानस्य तृष्णया H.1.146,49. -2 Very high, up; दूरमप्युदितः सूर्यः शशाङ्क इव लक्ष्यते Rām.3.16.18. -3 Excessive, very much; विचिक्षिपे शूलभृतां सलीलं स पत्रिभिर्दूरमदूरपातैः Ki.17.53. -रम् Distance, remoteness. [N. B. Some of the oblique cases of दूर are used adverbially as follows:-- (a) दूरम् to a distance, far away, far or distant from (with abl. or gen.); ग्रामात् or ग्रामस्य दूरम् Sk. -2 high above. -3 deeply, far below. -4 highly, in a high degree, very much; नेत्रे दूरमनञ्जने S. D. -5 entirely, completely; निमग्नां दूरमम्भसि Ks.1.29; दूरमुद्धूतपापाः Me.57; दूरकृ to surpass, exceed सा तस्य कर्मनिर्वृतैर्दूरं पश्चात्कृता फलैः R.17.18. ˚करण a. making far or distant, removing. ˚गम a. going far away; दूरंगमं ज्योतिषां ज्योतिरेकम् Vāj.34.1. (b) दूरेण 1 far, from a distant place, from afar; खलः कापठ्यदोषेण दूरेणैव विसृज्यते Bv.1.78. -2 by far, in a high degree; दूरेण ह्यवरं कर्म बुद्धियोगाद्धनञ्जय Bg.2.49; R.1.3. v.l. (c) -दूरात् 1 from a distance, from afar; प्रक्षालनाद्धि पङ्कस्य दूरादस्पर्शनं वरम्, दूरादागतः 'come from afar (regarded as comp.); नदीयमभितो.........दूरात्परित्यज्यताम् Bh.1.81; R.1.6. -2 in a remote degree. -3 from a remote period. (d) दूरे far, away, in a distant place; न मे दूरे किंचित्क्षणमपि न पार्श्वे रथजवात् Ś.1.9; भोः श्रेष्ठिन् शिरसि भयमतिदूरे तत्प्रतीकारः Mu.1; Bh.3.88. ˚कृ to discard; ऋजुतां दूरे कुरु प्रेयसि Amaru.7. ˚भू, ˚ गम् to be far away or gone off; Ks. ˚तिष्ठतु let it be, never mind; दूरे तिष्ठतु तद्वृद्धिः Ks.6.37. दूरीकृ means 1 to remove to a distance, remove, take away; आश्रमे दूरीकृतश्रमे Dk.5; Bv.1.122. -2 to deprive (one) of, separate; कुपिता न्यायेन दूरीकृताः Mk.9.4. -3 to prevent, ward off. -4 to surpass, excel, distance; दूरीकृताः खलु गुणैरुद्यानलता वनलताभिः Ś1.17; so दूरीमू to be away or removed, be separated from, be at a distance; दूरीभूते मयि सहचरे चक्रवाकीमिवैकाम् Me.85. -Comp. -अन्तरित a. separated by a long distance. -अपेत a. quite out of question. -आगत a. coming from afar. -आपातः shooting from afar. -आप्लाव a. jumping or leaping far. -आरूढ 1 mounted high. -2 far-advanced, intense, vehement; दूरारूढः खलु प्रणयो$सहनः V.4. -ईरितेक्षण a. squint-eyed. -उत्सारित a. driven far away, removed, banished; दूरोत्सारितहृदयानन्दः V.4.23. -ग, -गत a. 1 far removed, distant. -2 gone far, far advanced, grown intense; न ददाह भूरुहवनानि हरितनयधाम दूरगम् Ki.12.16. दूरगत- मन्मथा$क्षमेयं कालहरणस्य Ś.3. -गामिन् m. an arrow -ग्रहणम् the supernatural faculty of seeing objects though situated at a distance. -दर्शन a. visible only from afar; अहो सनाथा भवतास्म यद्वयं त्रैविष्टपानामपि दूरदर्शनम् Bhāg.1.11.8. -दर्शन, -दृश् a. far-seeing. (-नः), m. 1 a vulture. -2 a learned man, a Pandit. (-नम्) prudence, foresight. -दर्शिन् a. farseeing, foresighted, prudent. (-m.) 1 a vulture. -2 a learned man. -3 a seer, prophet, sage. -दृष्टिः 1 longsightedness. -2 prudence, foresight. -पातः 1 a long fall. -2 a long fight. -3 falling from a great height. -पात, पातिन् a. shooting from afar; शस्त्रविद्भिरनाधृष्यो दूरपाती दृढायुधः Mb.5.165. 25. -पातनम् the act of shooting to a distance; Mb.4. -पात्र a. having a wide channel, or bed (as a river). -पार a. 1 very broad (as a river); ह्रादिनीं दूरपारां च Rām.2.71.2. -2 difficult to be crossed. (-रः) a broad river. (-रा) an epithet of the Ganges. -बन्धु a. banished from wife and kinsmen; तेनार्थित्वं त्वयि विधिवशाद् दूरबन्धुर्गतो$हम् Me.6. -भाज् a. distant, remote. -भिन्न a. wounded deeply. -वर्तिन् a. being in the distance, far removed, remote, distant. -वस्त्रक a. naked. -वासिन् a. outlandish. -विलम्बिन् a. hanging far down; नवाम्बुभि- र्दूरविलम्बिनो घनाः Ś.5.12. -वेधिन् a. piercing from afar. -श्रवणम् hearing from afar. -श्रवस् a. far renowned. -संस्थ a. being at a distance, remote, far away; कण्ठा- श्लेषप्रणयिनि जने किं पुनर्दूरसंस्थे Me.3. -स्थ, -स्थित a. remote, far off; दूरस्थाः पर्वता रम्याः Subhāṣ; दूरस्थत्वे च यद्येकः शीलत्यागं करिष्यति Ks.13.8.
देव a. (-वी f.) [दिव्-अच्] 1 Divine, celestial; Bg.11. 11; Ms.12.117. -2 Shining; यज्ञस्य देवमृत्विजम् Rv.1.1.1. -3 Fit to be worshipped or honoured. -वः 1 A god, deity; एको देवः केशवो वा शिवो वा Bh.3.12. -2 (a) The god of rain, an epithet of Indra; as in द्वादश वर्षाणि देवो न ववर्ष; अवर्षयद्देवः Rām.1.9.18; काले च देशे च प्रववर्ष देवः Bu. Ch.2.7. (b) A cloud. -3 A divine man, Brāhmaṇa, as in भूदेव. -4 A king, ruler, as in मनुष्यदेव; तां देवसमितिं (अभ्या- गच्छत्) Mb.3.13.22. -5 A title affixed to the names of Bārhmaṇas; as in गोविन्ददेव, पुरुषोत्तमदेव &c. -6 (In dramas) A title of honour used in addressing a king, ('My lord', 'Your majesty'); ततश्च देव Ve.4; यथाज्ञापयति देवः &c. -7 Quicksilver. -8 The Supreme Spirit; हित्वा च देहं प्रविशन्ति देवं दिवौकसो द्यामिव पार्थ सांख्याः Mb.12.31.112. -9 A fool -1 A child. -11 A man following any particular business. -12 A lover. -13 Emulation. -14 Sport, play. -15 A husband's brother (cf. देवृ, देवर). -16 A lancer. -वम् An organ of sense; देवानां प्रभवो देवो मनसश्च त्रिलोककृत् Mb.14.41.3. [cf. L. deus; Gr. deos.]. -Comp. -अंशः a partial incarnation of god. -अगारः, -रम् a temple. -अङ्गना a celestial damsel, an apsaras. -अतिदेवः, -अधिदेवः 1 the highest god. -2 an epithet of (1) Śiva. (2) Buddha. (3) Viṣṇu. देवातिदेवो भगवान् प्रसूतिरंशे हरिर्यस्य जगत्प्रणेता Hariv. -अधिपः 1 an epithet of Indra. -2 the supreme god. -अनीकम् an army of celestials. -अनुचरः, -अनुयायिन् m. an attendant or follower of a god; निशम्य देवानुचरस्य वाचं मनुष्यदेवः पुनरप्युवाच R.2.52. -अन्धस् n., अन्नम् 1 the food of gods, divine food, ambrosia. -2 food that has been first offered to an idol; see Ms.5.7 and Kull. thereon. -अभीष्ट a. 1 liked by or dear to gods. -2 sacred or dedicated to a deity. (-ष्टा) piper betel. -अरण्यम् the garden of gods, the Nandana garden; अलमुद्द्योतयामासुर्देवारण्यमिवर्तवः R.1.8. -अरिः a demon. -अर्चनम्, -ना 1 the worship of gods. -2 idolatry. -अर्पणम् 1 an offering to the god. -2 the Veda; पृथग्- भूतानि चान्यानि यानि देवार्पणानि च Mb.13.86.17 (see com.). -आवसथः a temple. -अश्वः an epithet of उच्चैःश्रवस्, the horse of Indra. -आक्रीडः 'the garden of the gods', Nandana garden. -आजीवः, -आजीविन् m. an attendant upon an idol. -2 a low Brāhmaṇa subsisting by attendance upon an idol and upon the offerings made to it. -आत्मन् a. 1 consecrated, holy, sacred. -2 of a divine nature. (-m.) 1 the divine soul; ते ध्यानयोगानुगता$ पश्यन् देवात्मशक्तिं स्वगुणैर्निगूढाम् Śvet. Up.1.3. -2 the holy fig-tree. -आयतनम् a temple; Ms.4.46; न देवा- यतनं गच्छेत् कदाचिद् वा$प्रदक्षिणम् । न पीडयेद् वा वस्त्राणि न देवा- यतनेष्वपि ॥ Kūrma P. -आयुधम् 1 a divine weapon. -2 rainbow. -आयुष्म् the life-time of a god. -आलयः 1 heaven. -2 a temple. -आवासः 1 heaven. -2 the holy fig-tree (अश्वत्थ). -3 a temple. -4 the Sumeru mountain. -आहारः nectar, ambrosia. -इज् a. (nom. sing. देवेट्-ड्) worshipping the gods. -इज्यः an epithet of Bṛihaspati, preceptor of the gods. -इज्जः 1 an epithet of Indra. -2 of Śiva. -इष्ट a. dear to gods. (-ष्टः) bdellium. (-ष्टा) the wild lime tree. -ईशः an epithet of (1) Indra. (2) Śiva. (3) Viṣṇu. (4) Brahman. (-शी) N. of Durgā also of Devakī mother of Kṛiṣṇa. -ईश्वरः N. of (1) Śiva. (2) Indra. -उद्यानम् 1 divine garden. -2 The Nandana garden. -3 a garden near a temple. -ऋषिः (देवर्षिः) 1 a deified saint, divine sage such as अत्रि, भृगु, पुलस्त्य, अङ्गिरस् &c.; एवंवादिनि देवर्षौ Ku.6.84 (i. e. अङ्गिरस्); अथ देवऋषी राजन् संपरेतं नृपात्मजम् Bhāg.; आब्रह्मभुवनाल्लोका देवर्षिपितृमानवाः । तृप्यन्तु पितरः सर्वे मातृमातामहा- दयाः Tarpaṇamantra. -2 an epithet of Narada; देवर्षीणां च नारदः Bg.1.13.26. -ओकस् n. the mountain Meru or Sumeru. -कन्या a celestial damsel, a nymph; also देवकन्यका. -कर्दमाः sandal, aloe wood, camphor, saffron pounded together and made into a paste. -कर्मन् n., -कार्यम् 1 a religious act or rite, divine command; अनुष्ठितदेवकार्यम् R.12.13. -2 the worship of gods. -काष्ठम् the Devadāru tree. -किरी N. of a Rāgiṇī; ललिता मालती गौरी नाटी देवकिरी तथा । मेघरागस्य रागिण्यो भवन्तीमाः सुमध्यमाः ॥ -कुटम् a temple. -कुण़्डम् a natural spring. -कुलम् 1 a temple. -2 a race of gods. -3 a group of gods. -कुल्या the celestial Ganges. -कुसुमम् cloves; एलां च देवकुसुमं त्वक्पत्रं देवदारु च Śiva. B.3.14. -खातम्, -खातकम् 1 a natural hollow among mountains. -2 a natural pond or reservoir; Ms.4.23. -3 a pond near a temple. ˚बिल a cavern, chasm. -गणः a class of gods. -गणिका an apsaras; q. v. -गतिः the path of देवलोक; अनुज्ञातश्च रामेण ययौ देवगतिं मुनिः A. Rām. 2.1.4. -गन्धर्वः an epithet of Nārada. (-र्वम्) a particular mode of singing. -गर्जनम् thunder. -गर्भः see हिरण्यगर्भ; Rām.2.4.23. -गायनः a celestial chorister, a Gandharva. -गान्धारी N. of a Rāgiṇī गान्धारी देवगान्धारी मालवी श्रीश्च सारवी । रामकीर्यपि रागिण्यः श्रीरागस्य प्रिया इमाः ॥ -गिरिः 1 N. of a mountain; cf. Me.44. -2 N. of a town (Daulatabad). -गिरी f. N. of a Rāgiṇī. -गुरुः 1 an epithet of Kaśyapa (the father of gods). -2 of Bṛihaspati (the preceptor of gods). -गुही an epithet of Sarasvatī or of a place situated on it. -गुह्यम् 1 a secret only known by gods. -2 death. -गृहम् 1 a temple. -2 the place of a king. -3 a planetary sphere. -ग्रहः a class of demons who causes harmless madness. -चरितम् the course of action or practices of the gods; न देवचरितं चरेत्. -चर्या the worship or service of gods.
-चिकित्सकौ (du.) Aśvins, the twin physicians of gods. -छन्दः a pearl-necklace having 81, 1 or 18 strings; शतमष्टयुतं हारो देवच्छन्दो ह्यशीतिरेकयुता Bṛi. S.81.32. -जनः the gods collectively. ˚विद्या the science of music, dance, other arts &c.; Ch. Up.7.1.2. -जातम् a class of gods. -जामिः f. a sister of the gods; देवजामीनां पुत्रो$सि Av. 6.46.1. -तरुः 1 the holy fig-tree. -2 one of the trees of paradise. (i. e. मन्दार, पारिजात, सन्तान, कल्प and हरि- चन्दन); पञ्चैते देवतरवो मन्दारः पारिजातकः । सन्तानः कल्पवृक्षश्च पुंसि वा हरिचन्दनम् ॥ Ak. -3 the tree in a village (चैत्यवृक्ष) where the villagers usually meet (Mar. पार). -तर्पणम् offerings of water, part of the सन्ध्या ceremony. -ताडः 1 fire. -2 an epithet of Rāhu. -तातः 1 a sacrifice. -2 N. of Kaśyapa. -तातिः 1 a god. -2 divine service; स नो यक्षद् देवताता यजीयान् Rv.3.19.1. -तीर्थम् 1 the right moment for the worship of gods. -2 the tips of the fingers sacred to gods. -दत्त a. 1 god-given, granted by the gods. -2 given to the gods (as a village, &c.). (-त्तः) 1 N. of the conch-shell of Arjuna; देवदत्तं धनञ्जयः (दध्मौ) Bg.1.15. -2 a certain person (used in speaking of men indefinitely); मुक्तस्ततो यदि बन्धाद्देवदत्त उपाच्छिनत्ति Bhāg.5.14.24; देवदत्तः पचति, पिनो देवदत्तो दिवा न भुङ्क्ते &c. -3 one of the vital airs exhaled in yawning; देवदत्तो विजृम्भणे. ˚अग्रजः N. of Buddha. -दर्शन a. visiting the gods. (-नः) N. of Nārada; यथा प्राह नारदो देवदर्शनः Bhāg.2.8.1. -दारु m., n. a species of pine; गङ्गाप्रवाहोक्षित- देवदारु Ku.1.54; R.2.36. -दासः a servant or attendant upon a temple. (-सी) 1 a female in the service of gods or a temple. -2 a courtezan (employed as a dancer in a temple). -3 the wild citron tree. -दीपः the eye. -दुन्दुभिः 1 divine drum; देवदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषो पुष्पवृष्टिश्च खात् पतन् Rām. -2 the holy basil with red flowers. -3 an epithet of Indra. -दूतः a divine envoy or messenger, an angel. -देवः 1 an epithet of Brahman; Rām.1.43.1. -2 of Śiva; अयाचितारं न हि देवदेवमद्रिः सुतां ग्राहयितुं शशाक Ku.1.52. -3 of Viṣṇu; Bg.1.15. -4 of Gaṇeśa; दृष्टप्रभावो वरदो देवदेवो विनायकः Ks.2.55. -दैवत्य a. destined for the god; Ms.2.189. -द्रोणी a procession with idols. -धर्मः a religious duty or office. -धानी the city of Indra; तां देवधानीं स वरुथिनीपतिर्बहिः समन्ताद्रुरुधे पृतन्यया Bhāg. 8.15.23. -धान्यम् a kind of grass-grain (Mar. देवभात). -धिष्ण्यम् a chariot of the gods (विमान); Bhāg.1. 82.7. -नक्षत्रम् N. of the first 14 नक्षत्रs in the southern quarter (opp. to यमनक्षत्रम्). -नदी 1 the Ganges. -2 any holy river; Ms.2.17. -नन्दिन् m. N. of the doorkeeper of Indra. -2 N. of a grammarian. -नागरी N. of the character in which Sanskrit is usually written. -नाथः Śiva. -निकायः 1 'residence of gods', paradise, heaven; तं तुष्टुवुर्देवनिकायकेतवः Bhāg.1.27.25. -2 a host or assembly of gods; Ms.1.36. -निन्दकः a blasphemer, unbeliever, heretic, atheist. -निन्दा heresy, atheism. -निर्माल्यम् 1 a garland remaining from a sacrifice. -निर्मित a. 'god-created', natural. -पतिः an epithet of Indra. -पादाः 'the royal feet or presence', an honorific term for a king; देवपादाः प्रमाणम्. -पथः 1 'heavenly passage', heaven, firmament दिव्यो देवपथो ह्येष नात्र गच्छन्ति मानुषाः Mb. -2 the milky way. -पशुः any animal consecrated to a deity. -पात्रम् an epithet of Agni. -पुर्, -पुरी f. an epithet of Amarāvatī, the city of Indra. -पुरोहितः 1 a domestic priest of the gods. -2 the planet Jupiter (बृहस्पति). -पुष्पम् cloves. -पूज्यः an epithet of Bṛihaspati. -प्रतिकृतिः f., -प्रतिमा an idol, the image of a deity. -प्रश्नः 'consulting deities', astrology, fortune-telling. -प्रसूत a. good-produced (water); Av.6. 1.2. -प्रियः 'dear to the gods', an epithet of Śiva; (देवानांप्रियः an irreg. comp. meaning1 a goat. -2 a fool, idiot like a brute breast, as in ते$प्यतात्पर्यज्ञा देवानांप्रियाः K. P. -3 an ascetic, who renounces the world). -बलिः an oblation to the gods. -बाहुः 1 N. of a king in the Yadu race. -2 N. of a sage; देवबाहुः शतधनुः कृतवर्मेति तत्सुताः Bhāg. -ब्रह्मन् m. an epithet of Nārada. -ब्राह्मणः 1 a Brāhmaṇa who lives on the proceeds of a temple. -2 a venerable Brāhmaṇa. -भक्तिः worship or service of the gods. -भवनम् 1 the heaven. -2> a temple. -3 the holy fig-tree. -भागः the northern hemisphere. -भ m. a god; (-f.) heaven. -भूमिः f. heaven; पितुः प्रदेशा- स्तव देवभूमयः Ku.5.45. -भूतिः f. an epithet of the Ganges. -भूयम् divinity, godhead; विदितमेव भवतां ...... परां निर्वृतिमुपेत्य देवभूयं गताः सर्वे न पूर्वपुरुषा इति Rām. Champū. -भृत् m. an epithet of 1 Viṣṇu. -2 of Indra. -भोगः Pleasure of the gods, heavenly joy; अन्नन्ति दिव्यान् दिवि देवभोगान् Bg.9.2. -भोज्यम् nectar. -मणिः 1 the jewel of Viṣṇu called कौस्तुभ. -2 the sun. -3 a curl of hair on a horse's neck; आवर्तिनः शुभफल- प्रदशुक्तियुक्ताः संपन्नदेवमणयो भृतरन्ध्रभागाः (अश्वाः) Śi.5.4; N.1.58. -मधु n. divine honey; असौ वा आदित्यो देवमधु Ch. Up.3.1.1. -मातृ f. N. of Aditi, mother of gods. -मातृक a. 'having the god of rain or clouds as foster-mother', watered only by the clouds, depending on rain-water and not on irrigation, deprived of every other kind of water (as a country); देशो नद्यम्बुवृष्ट्यम्बु- संपन्नव्रीहिपालितः । स्यान्नदीमातृको देवमातृकश्च यथाक्रमम् ॥ Ak.; cf. also वितन्वति क्षेममदेवमातृकाः (i. e. नदीमातृकाः) चिराय तस्मिन् कुरवश्चकासते Ki.1. 17. -मानकः the jewel of Viṣṇu called कौस्तुभ. -माया the Māyā of gods; ते दुस्तराम- तितरन्ति च देवमायाम् Bhāg. -मार्गः the air or sky. -मासः the eighth month of pregnancy. -मुनिः a divine sage. -यजनम् 1 a sacrificial place, a place where a sacrifice is performed; ततस्ते देवयजनं ब्राह्मणाः स्वर्णलाङ्गलैः (कृष्ट्वा) Bhāg.1.74.12. देवयजनसंभवे सीते U.4. -2 a place of worship; मण्डलं देवयजनं दीक्षासंस्कार आत्मनः Bhāg.12.11.17. -यजि a. making oblations to gods. -यज्ञः a sacrifice to the superior gods made by oblations to fire, or through fire to the gods; (one of the five daily sacrifices of a Brāhmaṇa; see Ms.3.81,85 and पञ्चयज्ञ also). -यज्यम्, -यज्या a sacrifice. -यात्रा 'an idolprocession,' any sacred festival when the idols are carried in procession; केनापि देवयात्रागतेन सिद्धादेशेन साधुना
मत्समक्षमादिष्टा M.5.12-13. -यान bestowing मोक्ष; यज्ञस्य देवयानस्य मेध्याय हविषे नृप Bhāg.8.8.2. -नः the path leading to मोक्ष; सत्येन पन्था विततो देवयानः Muṇḍ.3.1.6. -यानम् a celestial car. -युगम् 1 the first of the four ages of the world; also called कृतयुग, सनत्कुमारो भगवान् पुरा देवयुगे प्रभुः Rām.1.11.11. -2 an age of the gods comprising four ages of men. -योनिः 1 a superhuman being, a demigod; विद्याधरो$प्सरोयक्षरक्षोगन्धर्वकिन्नराः । पिशाचो गुह्यकः सिद्धो भूतो$मी देवयोनयः ॥ Ak. -2 a being of divine origin. -3 fuel used in kindling fire (f. also). -योषा an apsaras. -रथः a car for carrying the image of god in procession. -थम् a day's journey for the sun's chariot. -रहस्यम् a divine mystery. -राज्, -राजः 1 an epithet of Indra; Rām.7.6.6. -2 a king. -3 N. of Buddha. -रातः 1 an epithet of Parīkṣit. -2 a kind of swan or crane. -राष्ट्रम् N. of an empire in the Deccan. -लक्ष्मम् the Brāhmanical cord. -लता the Navamallikā or double jasmine plant. -लिङ्गम् the image or statue of a deity; Bhāg.3.17.13. -लोकः heaven, paradise; देवलोकस्य चर्त्विजः (प्रभुः) Ms.4.182. -वक्त्रम् an epithet of fire. -वर्त्मन् n. the sky or atmosphere. -वर्धकिः, -शिल्पिन् m. Viśvakarman, the architect of gods. -वाणी 'divine voice', a voice from heaven. -वाहनः an epithet of Agni. -विद्या 1 divine science; Ch. Up.7.1.2. -2 the science of Nirukta or etymology; ibid. -विभागः the northern hemisphere. -विश् f., -विशा a deity. -वीतिः food of the gods. -वृक्षः the Mandāra tree. -व्यचस् a. Ved. occupied by the gods. -व्रतम् 1 a religious observance, any religious vow. -2 the favourite food of the gods. (-तः) an epithet of 1 Bhīṣma; ततो विनशनं प्रागाद्यत्र देवव्रतो$पतत् Bhāg.1.9.1. -2 Kārtikeya. -व्रतत्वम् celibacy (ब्रह्मचारिव्रत); देवव्रतत्वं विज्ञाप्य Mb.5.172.19. -शत्रुः a demon; स देवशत्रूनिव देवराजः Mb. -शुनी an epithet of Saramā, the bitch of the gods. -शेखर the damanaka tree (Mar. दवणा). -शेषम् the remnants of a sacrifice offered to gods. -श्रीः m. a sacrifice. (f.) Lakṣmī. -श्रुतः an epithet of 1 Viṣṇu. -2 Nārada. -3 a sacred treatise. -4 a god in general. -संसद् f. देवसभा q. v. -सत्यम् divine truth, established order of the gods. -संध a. divine. -सभा 1 an assembly of the gods (सुधर्मन्). -2 a council of a king, council-chamber. -3 a gambling-house. -सभ्यः 1 a gambler. -2 a frequenter of gaming-houses. -3 an attendant on a deity. -4 the keeper of a gambling-house. -सहा 1 rules of begging alms (? भिक्षासूत्र); L. D. B. -2 N. of a plant. -सायुज्यम् identification or unification with a deity, conjunction with the gods, deification. -सिंह an epithet of Śiva. -सुषिः a tube or cavity (in the heart) leading to the gods; cf. उदान, तस्य ह वा एतस्य हृदयस्य पञ्च देवसुषयः Ch. Up.3.13.1. -सू N. of 8 deities (अग्नि, सोम, सवितृ, रुद्र, बृहस्पति, इन्द्र, मित्र and वरुण). -सृष्टा an intoxicating drink. -सेना 1 the army of gods. -2 N. of the wife of Skanda; स्कन्देन साक्षादिव देवसेनाम् R.7.1. (Malli.:-- देवसेना = स्कन्दपत्नी perhaps it merely means 'the army of the gods' personified as Skanda's wife). ˚पतिः, ˚प्रियः an epithet of Kārtikeya. -स्वम् 'property of gods', property applicable to religious purposes or endowments; यद्धनं यज्ञशीलानां देवस्वं तद्विदु- र्बुधाः Ms.11.2,26. ˚अपहरणम् sacrilege. -सावर्णिः the 13th Manu; मनुस्त्रयोदशो भाव्यो देवसावर्णिरात्मवान् Bhāg. 8.13.3. -हविस् n. an animal offered to gods at a sacrifice. -हिंसकः an enemy of gods. -हूः the left ear; Bhāg.4.25.51. -हूतिः f. 1 invocation of the gods. -2 N. of a daughter of Manu Svāyambhuva and wife of Kardama. -हेडनम् an offence against the gods. -हेतिः a divine weapon.
द्रोणिः णी f. [द्रु-नि वा ङीप्; Uṇ.4.51] 1 An oval vessel of wood used for holding or pouring out water, a bucket, basin, baling-vessel; ततः प्रभाते वसिष्ठवचसा तैल- द्रोण्यां नरपतिं (दशरथं) निक्षिप्य... Rām. Champū. बालस्य च शरीरं तत् तैलद्रोण्यां निधापय Rām.7.75.2; Bhāg.1.57.8. -2 A water-reservoir (जलाधार). -3 A trough for feeding cattle. -4 A measure of capacity, equal to two Śūrpas or 128 shers. -5 The valley or chasm between two mountains; बृहद्द्रोणीशैलकान्तारप्रदेशमधितिष्ठतो माधवस्यान्तिकं प्रयामि Māl.9; हिमवद्द्रोणी &c. -6 N. of the wife of Droṇa. -7 The plantain tree. -8 The Indigo plant. -Comp. -दलः the Ketaka tree. -लवणम् a kind of salt.
नहुषः N. of a king of the lunar race, son of Āyus and grandson of Purūravas and father of Yayāti. [He was a very wise and powerful king, and when Indra lay concealed under waters to expiate the sin of having killed the demon Vṛitra, a Brāhmaṇa, he was asked to occupy his seat. While there he thought of winning the love of Indrāṇī and caused the seven sages to convey him in a palanquin to her house. On his way he asked each of them to be quick using the words 'sarpa', 'sarpa', (move on, move on), when one of the sages (Agastya ?) cursed him to be a 'sarpa' (serpent). He fell down from the sky, and remained in that wretched state till he was relieved from it by Yudhiṣttod;hira.]
निर् ind. A substitute for निस् before vowels and soft consonants conveying the senses of 'out of', 'away from'. 'without', 'free from', and be frequently expressed by 'less', 'un', used with the noun; see the compounds given below; see निस् and cf. अ also. -Comp. -अंश a. 1 whole, entire. -2 not entitled to any share of the ancestral property. -अक्षः the place of no latitute; i. e. the terrestrial equator (in astronomy). ˚देशः 1 a first meridian, as Laṅkā. -2 a place where the sun is always vertical and the days and nights are equal. -3 the equatorial region. -अक्षर a. Not knowing the letters, illiterate. -अग्नि a. having lost or neglected the consecrated fire; स संन्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः Bg.6.1. -अग्र (क) a. divisible without remainder. -अङ्कुश a. 'not curbed by a hook', unchecked, uncontrolled; unruly, independent, completely free, unfettered; निरङ्कुश इव द्विपः Bhāg.; कामो निकामनिरङ्कुशः Gīt.7; निरङ्कुशाः कवयः Sk.; Bh.3.15; Mv.3.39; विनयरुचयः सदैव निरङ्कुशाः Mu.3.6. ˚ता self-will, independence. -अघ a. sinless, blameless. -अङ्ग a. 1 having no parts. -2 deprived of expedients or resources. -अजिन a. skinless. -अञ्जन a. 1 without collyrium; निरञ्जने साचिविलोलिकं दृशौ Ki.8.52. -2 unstained, untinged. -3 free from falsehood; तदा विद्वान् पुण्यपापे विधूय निरञ्जनं परमं साम्यमुपैति Munda 3.1.3. -4 simple, artless. (-नः) 1 an epithet of Śiva. -2 N. of the Supreme Being. (-ना) 1 the day of full moon. -2 an epithet of Durgā. -अतिशय a. unsurpassed, matchless, unrivalled; निरतिशयं गरिमाणं तेन जनन्याः स्मरन्ति विद्वांसः Pt.1.3. (-यः) the Supreme Being. -अत्यय a. 1 free from danger, secure, safe; तद्भवान् वृत्तसंपन्नः स्थितः पथि निरत्यये Rām.4.29.12; R.17.53. -2 free from fault, unblamable, faultless, disinterested; Ki.1.12, शक्तिरर्थपतिषु स्वयंग्रहं प्रेम कारयति वा निरत्ययम् 13.61. -3 completely successful. -अधिष्ठान a. 1 supportless. -2 independent. -अध्व a. one who has lost one's way. -अनुक्रोश a. pitiless, merciless, hard-hearted. (-शः) mercilessness, hard-heartedness. -अनुग a. having no followers. -अनुग्रह a. Ungracious, unkind; Bhāg.5. 12.7. -अनुनासिक a. not nasal. -अनुमान a. not bound to conclusions or consequences. -अनुयोज्य a. unblamable, faultless. -अनुरोध a. 1 unfavourable, unfriendly. -2 unkind, unamiable; Māl.1. -अन्तर a. -1 constant, perpetual, uninterrupted, incessant; निरन्त- राधिपटलैः Bv.1.16; निरन्तरास्वन्तरवातवृष्टिषु Ku.5.25. -2 having no intervening or intermediate space, having no interval, close, closely contiguous, in close contact; मूढे निरन्तरपयोधरया मयैव Mk.5.15; हृदयं निरन्तरबृहत्कठिनस्तन- मण्डलावरणमप्यभिदन् Śi.9.66. -3 compact, dense; परितो रुद्धनिरन्तराम्बराः Śi.16.76. -4 coarse, gross. -5 faithful, true (as a friend). -6 not hidden from view. -7 not different, similar, identical. -8 sincere, sympathetic; सुहृदि निरन्तरचित्ते (निवेद्य दुःखं सुखीभवति) Pt.1.341. -9 abounding in, full of; निपात्यमानैर्ददृशे निरन्तरम् Rām.7.7. 54; गुणैश्च निरन्तराणि Mv.4.12. (-रम्) ind. 1 without interruption, constantly, continually, incessantly. -2 without intervening space or interval. -3 closely, tightly, firmly; (परिष्वजस्व) कान्तैरिदं मम निरन्तरमङ्गमङ्गैः Ve.3.27; परिष्वजेते शयने निरन्तरम् Ṛs.2.11. -4 immediately. ˚अभ्यासः constant study, diligent exercise or practice. -अन्तराल a. 1 without an intervening space, close. -2 narrow. -अन्धस् a. foodless, hungry. -अन्वय a. 1 having no progeny, childless. -2 unconnected, unrelated; Ms.8.198. -3 not agreeing with the context (as a word in a sentence). -4 without logical connection or regular sequence, unmethodical. -5 without being seen, out of sight; निरन्वयं भवेत् स्तेयम् Ms.8. 332. -6 without retinue, unaccompanied, see अन्वय. -7 sudden, unexpected; U.7. -8 exterminatory, without leaving any species or trace; प्रागाधारनिरन्वयप्रमथनादुच्छेदमे- वाकरोः... Mv.3.13; (com. नाशो द्विविधः--स्वान्वयविनाशः, निरन्वयविनाशश्चेति......निर्वापणादिना सजातीयज्वालोदयानर्हविनाशस्तु निरन्वयविनाशः ।). -अपत्रप a. 1 shameless, impudent. -2 bold. -अपराध a. guiltless, innocent, faultless, blameless. (-धः) innocence. -अपवर्त a. 1 not turning back. -2 (in arith.) leaving no common divisor, reduced to the lowest terms. -अपवाद a. 1 blameless. -2 not admitting of any exception. -अपाय a. 1 free from harm or evil. -2 free from decay, imperishable. -3 infallible; उपायो निरपायो$यमस्माभिरभिचिन्तितः Rām.1.1.2. -अपेक्ष a. 1 not depending on, irrespective or independent
of, having no need of (with loc.); न्यायनिर्णीतसारत्वा- न्निरपेक्षमिवागमे Ki.11.39. -2 disregarding, taking no notice of. -3 free from desire, secure; निरपेक्षो न कर्तव्यो भृत्यैः स्वामी कदाचन H.2.82. -4 careless, negligent, indifferent -5 indifferent to worldly attachments or pursuits; समुपोढेषु कामेषु निरपेक्षः परिव्रजेत् Ms.6.41. -6 disinterested, not expecting any reward from another; दिशि दिशि निरपेक्ष- स्तावकीनं विवृण्वन् Bv.1.5. -7 without purpose. (-क्षा) indifference, disregard. -अपेक्षित a. 1 disregarded. -2 regardless. -अपेक्षिन् a. disregarding, indifferent. -अभिभव a. 1 not subject to humiliation or disgrace. -2 not to be surpassed, unrivalled. -अभिमान a. 1 free from self-conceit, devoid of pride or egotism. -2 void of self-respect. -3 unconscious. -अभिलाष a. not caring for, indifferent to; स्वसुखनिरभिलाषः खिद्यसे लोकहेतोः Ś.5.7. -अभिसंधानम् absence of design. -अभ्र a. cloudless. -अमर्ष a. 1 void of anger, patient. -2 apathetic. -अम्बर a. naked. -अम्बु a. 1 abstaining from water. -2 waterless, destitute of water. -अर्गल a. without a bolt, unbarred, unobstructed, unrestrained, unimpeded, completely free; M.5; मरणसमये त्यक्त्वा शङ्कां प्रलापनिरर्गलम् Māl.5.26. (-लम्) ind. freely. -अर्थ a. 1 void of wealth, poor, indigent; स्त्रियः कृतार्थाः पुरुषं निरर्थं निष्पीडितालक्तकवत्त्यजन्ति Pt.1.194. -2 meaningless, unmeaning (as a word or sentence). -3 non-sensical. -4 vain, useless, purposeless. (-र्थः) 1 loss, detriment. -2 nonsense. -अर्थक a. 1 useless, vain, unprofitable. -2 unmeaning, nonsensical, conveying no reasonable meaning; इत्थं जन्म निरर्थकं क्षितितले$रण्ये यथा मालती S. D. -3 (a consonant) not followed by a vowel. (-कम्) an expletive; निरर्थकं तु हीत्यादि पूरणैकप्रयोजनम् Chandr.2.6. -अलंकृतिः (in Rhet.) want of ornament, simplicity. -अवकाश a. 1 without free space. -2 without leisure. -अवग्रह a. 1 'free from restraint', unrestrained, unchecked, uncontrolled, irresistible. -2 free, independent. -3 self-willed, head-strong. (-हम्) ind. 1 uninterruptedly. -2 intensely, strongly. -अवद्य a. 1 blameless, faultless, unblameable, unobjectionable; हृद्य- निरवद्यरूपो भूपो बभूव Dk.1. -2 an epithet of the Supreme Being (having no passions). -अवधि a. having no end, unlimited; कथं तूष्णीं सह्यो निरवधिरयं त्वप्रतिविधः U. 3.44;6.3; Māl.1.6. -2 continuous; महानाधिव्याधि- र्निरवधिरिदानीं प्रसरतु Māl.4.3. -अवयव a. 1 without parts. -2 indivisible. -3 without limbs. -अवलम्ब a. 1 unsupported, without support; Ś.6. -2 not affording support. -3 not depending or relying on. -अवशेष a. whole, complete, entire, (निरवशेषेण ind. completely, entirely, fully, totally). -अवसाद a. cheerful; Gīt. -अव्यय a. eternal, immutable. -अशन a. abstaining from food. (-नम्) fasting. -अश्रि a. even; Kau. A.2.11. -अष्ट a. Ved. driven away, scattered. (-ष्टः) a horse twentyfour years old. -अस्त्र a. weaponless, unarmed. -अस्थि a. boneless. -अहंकार, -अहंकृति a. free from egotism or pride, humble, lowly; Bg.12.13. -अहंकृत a. 1 having no egotism or self-consciousness. -2 without individuality. -3 unselfish. -अहम् a. free from egotism or self-conceit; ह्यनामरूपं निरहं प्रपद्ये Bhāg. 5.19.4. -आकाङ्क्ष a. 1 wishing nothing, free from desire. -2 wanting nothing to fill up or complete (as the sense of a word or sentence). -आकार a. 1 devoid of form, formless, without form. -2 ugly, deformed. -3 disguised. -4 unassuming, modest. (-रः) 1 the universal spirit, Almighty. -2 an epithet of Śiva. -3 of Viṣṇu. ˚ज्ञानवादः the doctrine that the perception of the outer world does not arise from images impressed on the mind; Sarva. S. -आकृति a. 1 formless, shapeless. -2 deformed. (-तिः) 1 a religious student who has not duly gone through a course of study, or who has not properly read the Vedas. -2 especially, a Brāhmaṇa who has neglected the duties of his caste by not going through a regular course of study; a fool; ग्रामधान्यं यथा शून्यं यथा कूपश्च निर्जलः । यथा हुतमनग्नौ च तथैव स्यान्निराकृतौ ॥ Mb.12.36.48. -3 one who neglects the five great religious duties or yajñas; Ms.3.154. -आकाश a. leaving no free space, completely filled or occupied, -आकुल a. 1 unconfused, unperplexed, unbewildered; Ki.11.38. -2 steady, calm; सुपात्रनिक्षेपनिरा- कुलात्मना (प्रजासृजा) Śi.1.28. -3 clear. -4 perspicuous; अलिकुलसङ्कुलकुसुमसमूहनिराकुलबकुलकलापे Gīt.1. (-लम्) 1 calmness serenity. -2 perspicuity, clearness. -आक्रन्द a. not crying or complaining. (-दः) a place where no sound can be heard. -आक्रोश a. unaccused, unreviled. -आगम a. not founded on revelation or scripture, not derived from the Vedas. -आगस् a. faultless, innocent, sinless; कथमेकपदे निरागसं जनमाभाष्यमिमं न मन्यसे R.8.48. -आचार a. without approved customs or usages, lawless, barbarian. -आडम्बर a. 1 without drums. -2 without show, unostentatious. -आतङ्क a. 1 free from fear; R.1.63; निरातङ्को रङ्को विहरति चिरं कोटिकनकैः Śaṅkara (देव्यपराधक्षमापनस्तोत्रम् 6). -2 without ailment, comfortable, healthy. -3 not causing pain. -4 unchecked, unhampered; निरातङ्कः पङ्केष्विव पिशितपिण्डेषु विलसन् Māl. 5.34. (-कः) an epithet of Śiva. -आतप a. sheltered from heat, shady, not penetrated by the sun's rays. (-पा) the night. -आदर a. disrespectful. -आदान a. 1 taking or receiving nothing; Mb.3. -2 an epithet of Buddha. -आधार a. 1 without a receptacle. -2 without support, supportless (fig. also); निराधारो हा रोदिमि कथय केषामिह पुरः G. L.4.39. -आधि a. secure, free from anxiety. -आनन्द a. cheerless, sad, sorrowful. -आन्त्र a. 1 disembowelled. -2 having the entrails hanging out. -आपद् a. free from misfortune or calamity. (-f.) prosperity. -आबाध a. 1 unvexed, unmolested, undisturbed, free from disturbance. -2 unobstructed. -3 not molesting or disturbing. -4 (in law) frivolously vexatious (as a suit or cause of complaint); e. g. अस्मद्- गृहप्रदीपप्रकाशेनायं स्वगृहे व्यवहरति Mitā. -आमय a. 1 free from disease or illness, sound, healthy, hale. -2 untainted,
pure. -3 guileless. -4 free from defects or blemishes. -5 full, complete. -6 infallible. -7 not liable to failure or miscarriage. (-यः, यम्) freedom from disease or illness, health, well-being, welfare, happiness; कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च प्रतिपत्स्व निरामयम् Mb.5.78.8. (-यः) 1 a wild goat. -2 a hog or boar. -आमिष a. 1 fleshless; निरुपमरसप्रीत्या खादन्नरास्थि निरामिषम् Bh. -2 having no sensual desires or covetousness; Ms.6.49. -3 receiving no wages or remuneration. -आय a. yielding no income or revenue, profitless. -यः an idler living from hand to mouth. -आयत a. 1 full-stretched or extended; निरायतपूर्वकायाः Ś.1.8. -2 contracted, compact. -आय- -तत्वम् shortness, compactness; निरायतत्वादुदरेण ताम्यता Ki.8.17. -आयति a. one whose end is at hand; नियता लघुता निरायतेः Ki.2.14. -आयास a. not fatiguing, easy. -आयुध a. unarmed, weaponless. -आरम्भ a. abstaining from all work (in good sense); Mb.3.82.11. -आलम्ब a. 1 having no prop or support (fig. also); ऊर्ध्वबाहुं निरालम्बं तं राजा प्रत्यभाषत Rām.7.89.1; निरालम्बो लोकः कुलमयशसा नः परिवृतम् Mv.4.53. -2 not depending on another, independent. -3 self-supported, friendless, alone; निरालम्बो लम्बोदरजननि कं यामि शरणम् Jag. (-म्बा) spikenard. (-म्बम्) Brahman. -आलोक a. 1 not looking about or seeing. -2 deprived of sight. -3 deprived of light, dark; निरालोकं लोकम् Māl.5.3; Bhāg.8.24.35. -5 invisible. (-कः) an epithet of Śiva. -आवर्ण a. manifest, evident. -आश a. 1 devoid of hope, despairing or despondent of; मनो बभूवेन्दुमतीनिराशम् R.6.2. -2 depriving (one) of all hope. -आशक, -आशिन् a. hopeless; अद्य दुर्योधनो राज्याज्जीविताच्च निराशकः (भविष्यति) Mb.8.74.13. -आशङ्क a. fearless. -आशा hopelessness, despair. -आशिस् a. 1 without a boon or blessing, without virtues; आश्रमा विहिताः सर्वे वर्जयित्वा निराशिषम् Mb.12.63.13. -2 without any desire, wish or hope, indifferent; निराशीर्यतचित्तात्मा Bg.4.21; जगच्छ- रण्यस्य निराशिषः सतः Ku.5.76. -आश्रय a. 1 without a prop or support, supportless, unsupported; न तिष्ठति निराश्रयं लिङ्गम् Sāṅ. K.41. -2 friendless, destitute, alone, without shelter or refuge; निराश्रयाधुना वत्सलता. -3 not deep (as a wound). -आस्वाद a. tasteless, insipid, unsavoury. -आहार a. 'foodless', fasting, abstaining from food. (-रः) fasting; कालो$ग्निः कर्म मृद् वायुर्मनो ज्ञानं तपो जलम् । पश्चात्तापो निराहारः सर्वे$मी शुद्धिहेतवः ॥ Y.3.31. -इङ्ग a. immovable, stationary; यथा दीपो निवातस्थो निरिङ्गो ज्वलते पुनः Mb.12.46.6. -इच्छ a. without wish or desire, indifferent. -इन्द्रिय a. 1 having lost a limb or the use of it. -2 mutilated, maimed. -3 weak, infirm, frail; Kaṭh.1.1.3. -4 barren. -5 without प्रमाण or means of certain knowledge; निरिन्द्रिया ह्यमन्त्राश्च स्त्रियो$नृत- मिति स्थितिः Ms.9.18. -6 destitute of manly vigour, impotent (Ved.). -इन्धन a. destitute of fuel. -ईति a. free from the calamities of the season; निरातङ्का निरीतयः R.1.63; see ईति. -ईश्वर a. godless, atheistic. -˚वाद atheistic doctrine. -ईषम् the body of a plough. -ईह a. 1 desireless, indifferent; निरीहाणामीशस्तृणमिव तिरस्कारविषयः Mu.3.16. -2 inactive; निरीहस्य हतद्विषः R.1.24. (-हा), -निरीहता, -त्वम् 1 inactivity. -2 indifference. -उच्छ्वास a. 1 breathless, without breathing; निरुच्छ्वासं हरिं चक्रुः Rām.7.7.6. -2 narrow, contracted; उपेयुषो वर्त्म निरन्तराभिरसौ निरुच्छ्वासमनीकिनीभिः Śi.3.32. -3 dead; निरुच्छ्वासाः पुनः केचित् पतिता जगतीतले Rām.6.58.13. (-सः) absence of breath; लोका निरुच्छ्वासनिपीडिता भृशम् Bhāg.4. 8.8. -उत्तर a. 1 answerless, without a reply. -2 unable to answer, silenced. -3 having no superior. -उत्थ a. irrecoverable. -उद्धति a. not jolting (a chariot); अभूतल- स्पर्शतया निरुद्धतिः Ś.7.1. (v. l.) -उत्सव a. without festivities; विरतं गेयमृतुर्निरुत्सवः R.8.66. -उत्साह a. 1 inactive, indolent. -2 devoid of energy. (-हः) 1 absence of energy. -2 indolence. -उत्सुक a. 1 indifferent. -2 calm, tranquil. -उदक a. waterless. -उदर a. 1 having no belly or trunk. -2 thin (अतुन्दिल); श्रीमान्निरुदरो महान् Rām.3.16.31. -उद्यम, -उद्योग a. effortless, inactive, lazy, idle. उद्विग्न, -उद्वेग a. free from excitement or perturbation, sedate, calm. -उपक्रम a. 1 without a commencement. -2 incurable. -उपद्रव a. 1 free from calamity or affliction, not visited by danger or adversity, lucky, happy, undisturbed, unmolested, free from hostile attacks. -2 free from national distress or tyranny. -3 causing no affliction. -4 auspicious (as a star). -5 secure, peaceful. -उपधि a. guileless, honest; U.2.2. ˚जीवन a. leading an honest life. (v. l.). -उपपत्ति a. unsuitable. -उपपद a. 1 without any title or designation; अरे आर्यचारुदत्तं निरुपपदेन नाम्नालपसि Mk.1.18/19. -2 unconnected with a subordinate word. -उपप्लव a. 1 free from disturbance, obstacle or calamity, unharmed; निरुपप्लवानि नः कर्माणि संवृत्तानि Ś3. -2 not causing any affliction or misery. -3 an epithet of Śiva. -उपभोग a. without enjoyment; संसरति निरुपभोगं भावैरधिवासितं लिङ्गम् Sāṅ. K.4. -उपम a. peerless, matchless, incomparable. -उपसर्ग free from portents. -उपस्कृत a. not corrupted, pure; of self-denying temperament; शमेन तपसा चैव भक्त्या च निरुपस्कृतः । शुद्धात्मा ब्राह्मणो रात्रौ निदर्शनमपश्यत ॥ Mb.12.271.14. -उपहत a. 1 not injured, unhurt. -2 auspicious, lucky. -उपाख्य a. 1 unreal, false, non-existent (as वन्ध्यापुत्र). -2 immaterial. -3 invisible. (-ख्यम्) the supreme Brahman. -उपाधि (क) a. without qualities, absolute. -उपाय a. 1 without expedients, helpless. -2 unsuccessful. -उपेक्ष a. 1 free from trick or fraud. -2 not neglectful. -उष्मन् a. devoid of heat, cold. -गन्ध a. void of smell, scentless, unfragrant, inodorous; निर्गन्धा इव किंशुकाः. ˚पुष्पी f. the Śālmali tree. -गर्व a. free from pride. -गवाक्ष a. windowless. -गुण a. 1 stringless (as a bow). -2 devoid of all properties. -3 devoid of good qualities, bad, worthless; निर्गुणः शोभते नैव विपुलाड- म्बरो$पि ना Bv.1.115. -4 without attributes; साकारं च निराकारं सगुणं निर्गुणं विभुम् Brahmavai. P. -5 having no epithet. (-णः) the Supreme Spirit. ˚आत्मक a. having
no qualities. -गृहः a. houseless, homeless; सुगृही निर्गृही- कृता Pt.39. -गौरव a. 1 without dignity, undignified. -2 devoid of respect. -ग्रन्थ a. 1 freed from all ties or hindrances; आत्मारामाश्च मुनयो निर्ग्रन्था अप्युरुक्रमे । कुर्वन्त्यहैतुकीं भक्तिम् Bhāg.1.7.1. -2 poor, possessionless, beggarly. -3 alone, unassisted. (-न्थः) 1 an idiot, a fool. -2 a gambler. -3 a saint or devotee who has renounced all worldly attachments and wanders about naked and lives as a hermit. -4 A Buddha Muni. -ग्रन्थक a. 1 clever, expert. -2 unaccompanied, alone. -3 deserted, abandoned. -4 fruitless. (-कः 1 a religious mendicant. -2 a naked devotee. -3 a gambler. -ग्रन्थिक a. clever. (-कः) a naked mendicant, a Jaina mendicant of the Digambara class. -घटम् 1 a free market. -2 a crowded market. -घण्टः See निघण्टः. -घृण a. 1 cruel, merciless, pitiless. -2 shameless, immodest. -घृणा cruelty. -घोष a. noiseless, still, calm. -जन a. 1 tenantless, uninhabited, unfrequented, lonely, desolate. -2 without any retinue or attendants; भूयश्चैवाभिरक्षन्तु निर्धनान्निर्जना इव Mb.12.151.7. (-नम्) a desert, solitude, lonely place. -जन्तु a. free from living germs; H. Yoga. -जर a. 1 young, fresh. -2 imperishable, immortal. (-रः) a deity, god; (nom. pl. निर्जराः -निर्जरसः) (-रम्) ambrosia, nectar. -जरायु a. Ved. skinless. -जल a. 1 waterless, desert, destitute of water. -2 not mixed with water. (-लः) a waste, desert. ˚एकादशी N. of the eleventh day in the bright half of Jyeṣṭha. -जाड्य free from coldness. -जिह्वः a frog. -जीव a. 1 lifeless. -2 dead; चिता दहति निर्जीवं चिन्ता दहति जीवितम्. -ज्ञाति a. having no kinsmen, alone. -ज्वर a. feverless, healthy. -दण्डः a Śūdra. -दय a. 1 merciless, cruel, pitiless, unmerciful, unkind. -2 passionate. -3 very close, firm or fast, strong, excessive, violent; मुग्धे विधेहि मयि निर्दयदन्तदंशम् Gīt.1; निर्दयरति- श्रमालसाः R.19.32; निर्दयाश्लेषहेतोः Me.18. -4 unpitied by any; निर्दया निर्नमस्कारास्तन्मनोरनुशासनम् Ms.9.239. -दयम् ind. 1 unmercifully, cruelly. -2 violently, excessively; न प्रहर्तुमलमस्मि निर्दयम् R.11.84. -दश a. more than ten days old; यदा पशुर्निर्दशः स्यादथ मेध्यो भवे- दिति Bhāg.9.7.11. -दशन a. toothless. -दाक्षिण्य a. uncourteous. -दुःख a. 1 free from pain, painless. -2 not causing pain. -दैन्य a. happy, comfortable. -दोष a. 1 faultless, defectless; न निर्दोषं न निर्गुणम् -2 guiltless, innocent. -द्रव्य a. 1 immaterial. -2 without property, poor. -द्रोह a. not hostile, friendly, well-disposed, not malicious. -द्वन्द्व a. 1 indifferent in regard to opposite pairs of feelings (pleasure or pain), neither glad nor sorry; निर्द्वन्द्वो निर्ममो भूत्वा चरिष्यामि मृगैः सह Mb.1.85.16; निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् Bg.2.45. -2 not dependent upon another, independent. -3 free from jealousy or envy. -4 not double. -5 not contested, undisputed. -6 not acknowledging two principles. -धन a. without property, poor, indigent; शशिनस्तुल्यवंशो$पि निर्धनः परिभूयते Chāṇ.82. (-नः) an old ox. ˚ता, ˚त्वम् poverty, indigence. -धर्म a. unrighteous, impious, unholy. -धूम a. smokeless. -धौत a. cleansed, rendered clean; निर्धौत- दानामलगण्डभित्तिर्वन्यः सरित्तो गज उन्ममज्ज R.5.43. -नमस्कार a. 1 not courteous or civil, not respecting any one. -2 disrespected, despised. -नर a. abandoned by men, deserted. -नाणक a. coinless, penniless; Mk.2. -नाथ a. without a guardian or master. ˚ता 1 want of protection. -2 widowhood. -3 orphanage. -नाभि a. going or reaching beyond the navel; निर्नाभि कौशेयमुपात्तबाणम् Ku.7.7. -नायक a. having no leader or ruler, anarchic. -नाशन, -नाशिन् a. expelling, banishing. -निद्र a. sleepless, wakeful. -निमित्त a. 1 causeless. -2 disinterested. -निमेष a. not twinkling. -बन्धु a. without kindred or relation, friendless. -बल n. powerless, weak, feeble. -बाध a. 1 unobstructed. -2 unfrequented, lonely, solitary. -3 unmolested. (-धः) 1 a part of the marrow. -2 a knob. -बीज a. seedless, impotent. (-जा) a sort of grape (Mar. बेदाणा). -बुद्धि a. stupid, ignorant, foolish. -बुष, -बुस a. unhusked, freed from chaff. -भक्त a. taken without eating (as a medicine). -भय a. 1 fearless, undaunted. -2 free from danger, safe, secure; निर्भयं तु भवेद्यस्य राष्ट्रं बाहुबलाश्रितम् Ms.9.255. -भर a. 1 excessive, vehement, violent, much, strong; त्रपाभरनिर्भर- स्मरशर &c. Gīt.12; तन्व्यास्तिष्ठतु निर्भरप्रणयिता मानो$पि रम्यो- दयः Amaru.47. -2 ardent. -3 fast, close (as embrace); कुचकुम्भनिर्भरपरीरम्भामृतं वाञ्छति Gīt.; परिरभ्य निर्भरम् Gīt.1. -4 sound, deep (as sleep). -5 full of, filled with (at the end of comp.); आनन्द˚, गर्व˚ &c. (-रः) a servant receiving no wages. (-रम्) excess. (-रम् ind.) 1 excessively, exceedingly, intensely. -2 soundly. -भाग्य a. unfortunate, unlucky. -भाज्य a. to be separated; स निर्भाज्यः स्वकादंशात् किंचिद्दत्वोपजीवनम् Ms.9.27. -भृतिः a. without wages, hireless. -भोगः a. not fond of pleasures. -मक्षिक a. 'free from flies', undisturbed, private, lonely. (-कम्) ind. without flies, i. e. lonely, private; कृतं भवतेदानीं निर्मक्षिकम् Ś.2,6. -मज्ज a. fatless, meagre. -मत्सर a. free from envy, unenvious; निर्मत्सरे मत्समे वत्स... वसुन्धराभारमारोप्य Rāmāyaṇachampū. -मत्स्य a. fishless. -मद a. 1 not intoxicated, sober, quiet. -2 not proud, humble. -3 sad, sorry. -4 not in rut (as an elephant). -मनुज, -मनुष्य a. tenantless, uninhabited, deserted by men. -मन्तु a. faultless, innocent. -मन्त्र a. 1 a ceremony, unaccompanied by holy texts. -2 not familiar with holy texts; Mb.12.36.43. -मन्यु, -मन्युक a. free from anger; Mb.5.133.4. -मम a. 1 free from all connections with the outer world, who has renounced all worldly ties; संसारमिव निर्ममः (ततार) R.12.6; Bg.2.71; निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः 3.3. -2 unselfish, disinterested. -3 indifferent to (with loc.); निर्ममे निर्ममो$र्थेषु मथुरां मधुराकृतिः R.15.28; प्राप्तेष्वर्थेषु निर्ममाः Mb. -4 an epithet of Śiva. -मर्याद a. 1 boundless, immeasurable. -2 transgressing the limits of right or propriety, unrestrained, unruly, sinful, criminal; मनुजपशुभिर्निर्मर्यादैर्भवद्भिरुदायुधैः Ve.3.22. -3 confused.
-4 insolent, immodest. (-दम्) ind. confusedly, topsyturvy. (-दम्) confusion, disorder. -मल a. 1 free from dirt or impurities, clear, pure, stainless, unsullied (fig. also); नीरान्निर्मलतो जनिः Bv.1.63. -2 resplendent, bright; Bh.1.56. -3 sinless, virtuous; निर्मलाः स्वर्गमायान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा Ms.8.318. (-लम्) 1 talc. -2 the remainings of an offering made to a deity. ˚उपलः a crystal. -मशक a. free from gnats. -मांस a. fleshless; स्वल्प- स्नायुवसावशेषमलिनं निर्मांसमप्यस्थिकम् Bh.2.3. -मान a. 1 without self-confidence. -2 free from pride. -मानुष a. uninhabited, desolate. -मार्ग a. roadless, pathless. -मिथ्य a. not false, true; H. Yoga. -मुटः 1 a tree bearing large blossoms. -2 the sun. -3 a rogue. (-टम्) a large free market or fair. -मूल a. 1 rootless (as a tree). -2 baseless, unfounded (statement, charge &c.). -3 eradicated. -मेघ a. cloudless. -मेध a. without understanding, stupid, foolish, dull. -मोह a. free from illusion. (-हः) an epithet of Śiva. -यत्न a. inactive, lazy, dull. -यन्त्रण a. 1 unrestrained, unobstructed, uncontrolled, unrestricted. -2 unruly, self-willed, independent. (-णम्) 1 squeezing out. -2 absence of restraint, independence. -यशस्क a. without fame, discreditable, inglorious. -युक्त a. 1 constructed, built. -2 directed. -3 (in music) limited to metre and measure. -युक्ति f. 1 disunion. -2 absence of connection or government. -3 unfitness, impropriety. -युक्तिक a. 1 disjoined, unconnected. -2 illogical, unmeaning. -3 unfit, improper. -यूथ a. separated from the herd, strayed from the flock (as an elephant). -यूष = निर्यास. -योगक्षेम a. free from care (about acquisition); Bg.2. 45. -रक्त a. (-नीरक्त) colourless, faded. -रज, -रजस्क a. (-नीरज, नीरजस्क) 1 free from dust. -2 devoid of passion or darkness. (-जः) an epithet of Śiva. -रजस् (नरिजस्) a. see नीरज. (-f.) a woman not menstruating. ˚तमसा absence of passion or darkness. -रत (नीरत) a. not attached to, indifferent. -रन्ध्र a. (नीरन्ध्र) 1 without holes or interstices, very close or contiguous, thickly situated; नीरन्ध्रनीरनिचुलानि सरित्तटानि U.2.23. -2 thick, dense. -3 coarse, gross. -रव a. (-नीरव) not making any noise, noiseless; गतिविभ्रमसाद- नीरवा (रसना) R.8.58. -रस a. (नीरस) 1 tasteless, unsavoury, flavourless. -2 (fig.) insipid, without any poetic charm; नीरसानां पद्मानाम् S. D.1. -3 sapless, without juice, withered or dried up; Ś. Til.9. -4 vain, useless, fruitless; अलब्धफलनीरसान् मम विधाय तस्मिन् जने V.2.11. -5 disagreeable. -6 cruel, merciless. (-सः) the pomegranate. -रसन a. (नीरसन) having no girdle (रसना); Ki.5.11. -रुच् a. (नीरुच्) without lustre, faded, dim; परिमलरुचिराभिर्न्यक्कृतास्तु प्रभाते युवतिभिरुप- भोगान्नीरुचः पुष्पमालाः Śi.11.27. -रुज्, -रुज a. (नीरुज्, नीरुज) free from sickness, healthy, sound; नीरुजस्य किमौषधैः H.1. -रूप a. (नीरूप) formless, shapeless. (-पः) 1 air, wind. -2 a god. (-पम्) ether. -रोग a. (नीरोग) free from sickness or disease, healthy, sound; यथा नेच्छति नीरोगः कदाचित् सुचिकित्सकम् Pt.1.118. -लक्षण a. 1 having no auspicious marks, ill-featured. -2 undistinguished. -3 unimportant, insignificant. -4 unspotted. -5 having a white back. -लक्ष्य a. invisible. -लज्ज a. shameless, impudent. -लाञ्छनम् the marking of domestic animals (by perforating the nose &c.). -लिङ्ग a. having no distinguishing or characteristic marks. -लिप्त a. 1 unanointed. -2 undefiled, unsullied. -3 indifferent to. (-प्तः) 1 N. of Kṛiṣṇa. -2 a sage. -लून a. cut through or off. -लेप a. 1 unsmeared, unanointed; निर्लेपं काञ्चनं भाण्डमद्भिरेव विशुध्यति Ms.5.112. -2 stainless, sinless. (-पः) a sage. -लोभ a. free from desire or avarice, unavaricious. -लोमन् a. devoid of hair, hairless. -वंश a. without posterity, childless. -वचन a. 1 not speaking, silent. -2 unobjectionable, blameless; (for other senses see the word separately). -नम् ind. silently; माल्येन तां निर्वचनं जघान Ku.7.19. -वण, -वन a. 1 being out of a wood. -2 free from woods. -3 bare, open. -वत्सल a. not loving or fondling (esp. children); निर्वत्सले सुतशतस्य विपत्तिमेतां त्वं नानुचिन्तयसि Ve.5.3. -वर = निर्दरम् q. v. -वसु a. destitute of wealth, poor. -वाच्य a. 1 not fit to be said. -2 blameless, unobjectionable; सखीषु निर्वाच्य- मधार्ष्ट्यदूषितं प्रियाङ्गसंश्लेषमवाप मानिनी Ki.8.48. -वात a. free or sheltered from wind, calm, still; हिमनिष्यन्दिनी प्रातर्निर्वातेव वनस्थली R.15.66. (-तः) a place sheltered from or not exposed to wind; निर्वाते व्यजनम् H.2.124. -वानर a. free from monkeys. -वायस a. free from crows. -वार्य a. 1 irresistible. -2 acting fearlessly or boldly. -विकल्प, -विकल्पक a. 1 not admitting an alternative. -2 being without determination or resolution. -3 not capable of mutual relation. -4 conditioned. -5 undeliberative. -6 recognizing no such distinction as that of subject and object, or of the knower and the known; as applied to समाधि or contemplation, it is 'an exclusive concentration upon the one entity without distinct and separate consciousness of the knower, the known, and the knowing, and without even self-consciousness'; निर्विकल्पकः ज्ञातृज्ञानादिविकल्पभेद- लयापेक्षः; नो चेत् चेतः प्रविश सहसा निर्विकल्पे समाधौ Bh.3.61; आत्मारामा विहितरतयो निर्विकल्पे समाधौ Ve.1.23. -7 (in phil.) not arising from the relation of the qualifier and the qualified, (विशेषणविशेष्यसंबन्धानवगाहि प्रत्यक्षं ज्ञानम्) said of knowledge not derived from the senses, as घटत्व. (-ल्पम्) ind. without hesitation or wavering. -विकार a. 1 unchanged, unchangeable, immutable. -2 not disposed; तौ स्थास्यतस्ते नृपती निदेशे परस्परावग्रहनिर्विकारौ M.5.14. -3 disinterested; तरुविटपलतानां बान्धवो निर्विकारः Ṛs.2.28. (-रः) the Supreme deity. -विकास a. unblown. -विघ्न a. uninterrupted, unobstructed, free from impediments; निर्विघ्नं कुरु मे देव सर्वकार्येषु सर्वदा. (-घ्नम्) absence of impediment. -विचार a. not reflecting, thoughtless, inconsiderate; रे रे स्वैरिणि निर्विचारकविते मास्मत्प्रकाशीभव Chandr. 1.2. (-रम्) ind. thoughtlessly, unhesitatingly. -वि- चिकित्स a. free from doubt or reflection. -विचेष्ट a.
motionless, insensible; यो हि दिष्टमुपासीनो निर्विचेष्टः सुखं शयेत् Mb.3.32.14. -वितर्क a. unreflecting. -विनोद a. without amusement, void of pastime, diversion or solace; शङ्के रात्रौ गुरुतरशुचं निर्विनोदां सखीं ते Me.9. -विन्ध्या N. of a river in the Vindhya hills; निर्विन्ध्यायाः पथि भव रसाभ्यन्तरः सन्निपत्य Me.28. -विमर्श a. 1 void of reflection, thoughtless. -2 not having विमर्श Sandhi. -विवर a. 1 having no opening or cavity. 2 without interstices or interval, close, compact; घटते हि संहततया जनितामिदमेव निर्विवरतां दधतोः Śi.9.44. -विवाद a. 1 not contending or disagreeing. -2 undisputed, not contradicted or disputed, universally acknowledged. -विवेक a. indiscreet, void of judgment, wanting in discrimination, foolish. -विशङ्क a. fearless, undaunted, confident; Ms.7.176; यस्मिन्कृत्यं समावेश्य निर्विशङ्केन चेतसा । आस्यते सेवकः स स्यात् कलत्रमिव चापरम् ॥ Pt.1.85. -विशेष a. showing or making no difference, indiscriminating, without distinction; निर्विशेषा वयं त्वयि Mb.; निर्विशेषो विशेषः Bh.3.5. 'a difference without distinction'. -2 having no difference, same, like, not differing from (oft. in comp.); निर्विशेषाकृति 'having the same form'; प्रवातनीलो- त्पलनिर्विशेषम् Ku.1.46; स निर्विशेषप्रतिपत्तिरासीत् R.14.22. -3 indiscriminate, promiscuous. (-षः) absence of difference. (निर्विशेषम् and निर्विशेषेण are used adverbially in the sense of 'without difference', 'equally', indiscriminately'; क्रुद्धेन विप्रमुक्तो$यं निर्विशेषं प्रियाप्रिये Rām.7.22.41. स्वगृहनिर्विशेषमत्र स्थीयताम् H.1; R.5.6.). -विशेषण a. without attributes. -विष a. poisonless (as a snake); निर्विषा डुण्डुभाः स्मृताः. -विषङ्ग a. not attached, indifferent. -विषय a. 1 expelled or driven away from one's home, residence or proper place; मनोनिर्विषयार्थकामया Ku.5.38; R.9.32; also -निर्विषयीकृत; वने प्राक्कलनं तीर्थं ये ते निर्विषयी- कृताः Rām.2.14.4. -2 having no scope or sphere of action; किंच एवं काव्यं प्रविरलविषयं निर्विषयं वा स्यात् S. D.1. -3 not attached to sensual objects (as mind). -विषाण a. destitute of horns. -विहार a. having no pleasure. -वीज, -बीज a. 1 seedless. -2 impotent. -3 causeless. -वीर a. 1 deprived of heroes; निर्वीरमुर्वीतलम् P. R.1.31. -2 cowardly. -वीरा a woman whose husband and children are dead. -वीर्य a. powerless, feeble, unmanly, impotent; निर्वीर्यं गुरुशापभाषितवशात् किं मे तवेवायुधम् Ve.3.34. -वीरुध, -वृक्ष a. treeless. -वृत्ति f. accomplishment, achievement; अत आसां निर्वृत्त्या अपवर्गः स्यात् । आतण्डुलनिर्वृत्तेः आ च पिष्टनिर्वृत्तेरभ्यास इति ॥ ŚB. on MS.11.1.27. -a. having no occupation, destitute. See निर्वृति. -वृष a. deprived of bulls. -वेग a. not moving, quiet, calm. -वेतन a honorary, unsalaried. -वेद a. not acknowledging the Vedas, an atheist, infidel. -वेष्टनम् a. a weaver's shuttle. -वैर a. free from enmity, amicable, peaceable. (-रम्) absence of enmity. -वैलक्ष्य a. shameless. -व्यञ्जन a. 1 straight-forward. -2 without condiment. (-नम् ind.) plainly, in a straight-forward or honest manner. -व्यथ, -न a. 1 free from pain. -2 quiet, calm. -व्यथनम् a hole; छिद्रं निर्व्यथनम् Ak. -व्यपेक्ष a. indifferent to, regardless of; मृग्यश्च दर्भाङ्कुरनिर्व्यपेक्षास्तवागतिज्ञं समबोधयन् माम् R.13.25;14.39. -व्यलीक a. 1 not hurting or offending. -2 without pain. -3 pleased, doing anything willingly. -4 sincere, genuine, undissembling. -व्यवधान a. (ground) uncovered, bare. -व्यवश्थ a. moving hither and thither. -व्यसन a. free from bad inclination. -व्याकुल a. calm. -व्याघ्र a. not haunted or infested by tigers. -व्याज a. 1 candid, upright, honest, plain. -2 without fraud, true, genuine. -3 got by heroism or daring deeds (not by fraud or cowardly conduct); अशस्त्रपूतनिर्व्याजम् (महामांसम्) Māl.5.12. (v. l.) -4 not hypocritical; धर्मस्य निर्व्याजता (विभूषणम्) Bh.2.82. (-जम् ind.) plainly, honestly, candidly; निर्व्याजमालिङ्गितः Amaru.85. -व्याजीकृत a. made plain, freed from deceit. -व्यापार a. 1 without employment or business, free from occupation; तं दधन्मैथिलीकण्ठनिर्व्यापारेण बाहुना R.15.56. -2 motionless; U.6. -व्यावृत्ति a. not involving any return (to worldly existence). -व्रण a. 1 unhurt, without wounds. -2 without rents. -व्रत a. not observing vows. -व्रीड a. shameless, impudent. -हिमम् cessation of winter. -हेति a. weaponless. -हेतु a. causeless, having no cause or reason. -ह्रीक a. 1 shameless, impudent. -2 bold, daring.
निर्जि 1 P. 1 To conquer, defeat; R.3.51; अनेक्रशो निर्जितराजकस्त्वम् Bk.2.52;7.94; Y.3.292. -2 To win, acquire by conquest. -3 To vanquish in a play. -4 To surpass, excel.
निर्जयः nirjayḥ निर्जितिः nirjitiḥ
निर्जयः निर्जितिः f. Complete victory, subjugation, vanquishing; विपर्यासं यथा मेरोर्वासवस्येव निर्जयम् Mb.7.193.7.
न्यग्भावित a. 1 Humiliated, degraded, slighted. -2 Surpassed, excelled, made inferior or secondary (अप्रधानीकृत); न्यग्भावितवाज्यव्यङ्ग्यव्यञ्जनक्षमस्य शब्दार्थयुगलस्य K. P.1.
न्यासः 1 Placing, putting down or upon, planting, तस्या खुरन्यासपवित्रपांसुम् R.2.2; Ku.6.5; M.2.9; Māl.5.5; चरणन्यास, अङ्गन्यास &c.; सैन्दूरं क्रियते जनेन चरण- न्यासैः पुनः कुट्टिमम् Ratn.1.1. -2 Hence, any impression, mark, stamp, print; अतिशस्त्रनखन्यासः R.12.73; 'where the nail-marks surpassed those of weapons'; दन्तन्यासः. -3 Depositing. -4 A pledge, deposit; प्रत्यर्पित- न्यास इवान्तरात्मा Ś.4.22; R.12.18; Y.2.67. -5 Entrusting, committing, giving over, delivering, consigning. -6 Painting, writing down. -7 Giving up, resigning, abandoning, relinquishing; शस्त्र˚; न्यासो दण्डस्य भूतेषु Bhāg.7.15.8; काम्यानां कर्मणां न्यासं संन्यासं कवयो विदुः Bg.18.2. -8 Bringing forward, adducing. -9 Digging in, seizing (as with claws). -1 Assignment of the various parts of the body to different deities, which is usually accompanied with prayers and corresponding gesticulations. -11 Lowering the tone or voice. -12 संन्यास q. v.; एवं वसन् गृहे कालं विरक्तो न्यासमास्थितः Bhāg. 9.6.53. -13 Written or literal text (यथान्यासम्). -14 Bringing forward, introducing (cf. अर्थान्तरन्यास). -Comp. -अपह्नवः repudiation of a deposit. -धारिन् m. the holder of a deposit, a mortgagee.
परिग्रह् 9. P. 1 To clasp round, embrace. -2 To encircle; surround, fence or hedge round; न्यविशन्त ततः सर्वे परिगृह्य सरस्वतीम् Mb.5.178.23. -3 To lay hold of, seize. -4 To take, assume. -5 To accept. -6 To favour, patronize; देवेन च परिगृहीतः M.1;1.13. -7 To support, assist, guide; राक्षसमतिपरिगृहीतः Mu.1. -8 To put on (a dress). -9 To take possession of, master, overpower. -1 To conceive, comprehend. -11 To undertake. -12 To receive hospitably; परिग्रहेण ब्राह्मेण परिगृह्य महाद्युतिः Mb.1.195.1. -13 To take (a wife), marry; प्रथमपरि- गृहीतं स्यान्न वेत्यव्यवस्यन् Ś.5.19. -14 To conform to, follow. -15 To surpass, excel.
परिभू 1 P. 1 To defeat, subdue, conquer, overcome; (hence) to surpass, excel; लग्नद्विरेकं परिभूय पद्मम् Ku.7.16; R.1.35. -2 To despise, slight, treat with contempt, disrespect, insult; नित्यं परिभवेच्छ्वश्रूम् Mb.13.93.33; मा मां महात्मन् परिभूः Bk.1.22;4.37. -3 To injure, destroy, ruin. -4 To afflict, grieve. -5 To humiliate, disgrace. -6 To disappear. -7 Ved. To surround, encirele. -8 To go or fly round. -9 To accompany. -1 To take care of. -11 To guide, govern. -Caus. 1 To think of, reflect on, meditate, contemplate; तामेतां परिभावयन्त्वभिनयैर्विन्यस्तरूपां बुधाः U.7.2. मुक्तात्मभिः स्वहृदये परिभाविताय ज्ञानात्मने भगवते नम ईश्वराय Bhāg.8.3.18. -2 To contain, include. -3 To make known. -4 To surpass, exceed. -5 To soak,
saturate. -6 To concentrate, to make cohesive; एवमेवे- न्द्रियग्रामं शनैः संपरिभावयेत् Mb.12.195.19. See परिभावन.
परिभाविन् a. (-नी f.) 1 Humiliating, despising, treating with contempt; आ अतिथिपरिभाविनी Ś.4. -2 Putting to shame, surpassing, excelling. -3 Setting at naught, defying; वैद्ययत्नपरिभाविनं गदम् R.19.53 'defying medical remedies'.
पश्चात् ind. (Used by itself or with gen. or abl.) 1 From behind; from the back; पश्चाद् बद्धपुरुषमादाय Ś.6; पश्चादुच्चैर्भवति हरिणः स्वाङ्गमायच्छमानः Ś.4. 1/2 (v. l.) -2 Behind, backwards, towards the back (opp. पुरः); गच्छति पुरः शरीरं धावति पश्चादसंस्तुतं चेतः Ś.1.33;3.7. -3 After (in time or space), then, afterwards, subsequently; लघ्वी पुरा वृद्धिमती च पश्चात् Bh.2.6; तस्य पश्चात् 'after him'; R.4.3;12.7;16.29; Me.38,46. -4 At last, lastly, finally. -5 From the west. -6 Towards the west, westward. -Comp. -अहस् ind. in the afternoon. -उक्तिः
repetition. -कृत a. left behind, surpassed, thrown into the back-ground; पश्चात् कृताः स्निग्धजनाशिषो$पि Ku.7.28; R.17.18. -घाटः the neck. -तापः 1 repentance, contrition; ˚पं कृ to repent. -2 (In dram.) repentance at something rejected or omitted from want of judgment. -भागः a. whose conjunction with the moon begins in the afternoon. -गः 1 hind-part. -2 west side. -वातः a west-wind.
पुरस् ind. 1 Before (in time or space), in front, in the presence of, before the eyes of (by itself or with gen.); अमुं पुरः पश्यसि देवदारुम् R.2.36; तव प्रसादस्य पुरस्तु संपदः Ś.7.3; तस्य स्थित्वा कथमपि पुरः Me.3; Ku.4.3; Amaru.43; often used with कृ, गम्, धा, भू (see below). -2 In the east, from the east. -3 Eastward. -Comp. -अनुवाक्या (पुरो$नुवाक्या) an introductory verse or hymn. -करणम्, -कारः see under पुरस्कृ below. -ग, -गम, (पुरोग-गम) a. 1 chief, leading, foremost, pre-eminent, oft. with the force of a noun; स किंवदन्तीं वदतां पुरोगः R.14.31;6.55; Ku.7.4. -2 led or presided over by (at the end of comp.); इन्द्रपुरोगमा देवाः 'the gods with Indra at the head'; अतुलाः प्रीतयो राजन् संबन्धकपुरोगमाः Rām. 7.38.4. -गत a. 1 standing in front of. -2 preceded. -गतिः f. precedence. (-तिः) a dog. -गन्तृ, -गामिन् a. 1 going before or in front. -2 chief, leading, a leader. (-m.) a dog. -चरणम् (पुरश्चरणम्) 1 a preparatory or initiatory rite. -2 preparation, initiation. -3 repetition of the name of a deity accompanied with burnt offerings; जीवहीनो यथा देही सर्वकर्मसु न क्षमः । पुरश्चरणहीनो$पि तथा मन्त्रः प्रकीर्तितः ॥ Tantrasāra. -छदः (पुरश्छदः) a nipple. -जन्मन् (पुरोजन्मन्) a. born before. -जव a. (पुरोजव)
surpassing in speed, swifter than. -वः a servant, attendant. -डाश् m., -डाशः (पुरोडाश्, -शः) 1 a sacrificial oblation made of ground rice and offered in kapālas or vessels; पुरोडाशाश्चरूश्चैव विधिवन्निर्वपेत् पृथक् Ms. 6.11. -2 an oblation in general; Ms.7.21. -3 an oblation of ghee with cakes of ground meal. -4 a kind of sacrificial ladle. -5 the leavings of an oblation (हुतशेष). -6 the Soma juice. -7 a prayer (मन्त्र) recited in offering oblations. -पाक a. near fulfilment, about to be fulfilled; आशीर्भिरेघयामासुः पुरःपाकाभिरम्बिकाम् Ku. 6.9. -प्रहर्तृ m. one who fights in the van or frontline; पौलस्त्य एष समरेषु पुरःप्रहर्ता R.13.72. -फल a. having the fruit near or at hand, promising fruit (in the near future); भक्त्योपपन्नेषु हि तद्विधानां प्रसादचिह्नानि पुरः- फलानि R.2.22. -भाग (पुरोभाग) a. 1 obtrusive, officious; किमिदानीं पुरोभागामद्य त्वं नाभिभाषसे Rām.4.2.4. -2 fault-finding. -3 envious or jealous of; प्रायः समानविद्याः परस्परयशःपुरोभागाः M.1.2 (पुरोभाग may here mean 'envy' also). (-गः) 1 the front part, forepart, van. -2 obtrusiveness, officiousness. -3 jealousy, envy- -भागिन् a. 1 forward, self-willed, naughty; किं पुरो- भागिनि स्वातन्त्र्यमवलम्बसे Ś.5. -2 obtrusive, officious; V.3. -3 fault-finding. -4 envious, jealous. -मारुतः, -वातः (पुरोमारुतः, -वातः) a fore-wind, wind blowing in front; कोटरमकालवृष्ट्या प्रबलपुरोवातया गमिते M.4.2; R.18. 38. -वर्तिन् a. being in front or in the presence of. -सरः a. going or moving in front. (-रः) 1 a forerunner, harbinger; आविष्कृतो$रुणपुरःसर एकतो$र्कः Ś.4.2. -2 a follower, attendant; servant; ऊचुर्निषेधितास्तांस्ते वैवस्वतपुरःसराः Bhāg.6.1.32; परिमेयपुरःसरौ R.1.37. -3 a leader, one who leads the way, foremost, pre-eminent; गगनादवतीर्णा सा यथावृद्धपुरःसरा Ku.6.49. -4 (at the end of comp.) attended or preceded by, with; as मानपुरः- सरम्, प्रणामपुरःसरम्, वृकपुरःसराः &c. (-रम्) ind. with or after. -स्थायिन् a. standing in front.
प्रक्रान्त p. p. 1 Commenced, begun. -2 Gone, proceeded. -3 In hand, under discussion. -4 Surpassed. -5 Brave. -6 Previously mentioned. -तम् 1 The outset of a journey. -2 The case or point in question.
प्रति ind. 1 As a prefix to verbs it means (a) towards, in the direction of; (b) back, in return, again; तष्ठेदानीं न मे जीवन् प्रतियास्यसि दुर्मते Rām.7.18.13; (c) in opposition to, against, counter; (d) upon, down upon; (see the several roots with this preposition). -2 As a prefix to nouns not directly derived from verbs it means (a) likeness, resemblance, equality; (b) opposite, of the opposite side; प्रतिबल Ve.3.5. 'the opposing force'; so प्रतिद्विपाः Mu.2.13; (c) rivalry; as in प्रतिचन्द्रः 'a rival moon'; प्रतिपुरुषः &c. -3 As a separable preposition (with acc.) it means (a) towards, in the direction of, to; तौ दम्पती स्वां प्रति राजधानीं प्रस्थापयामास वशी वसिष्ठः R.2.7;1. 75; प्रत्यनिलं विचेरु Ku.3.31; वृक्षं प्रति विद्योतते विद्युत् Sk.; (b) against, counter, in opposition to, opposite; तदा यायाद् रिपुं प्रति Ms.7.171; प्रदुदुवुस्तं प्रति राक्षसेन्द्रम् Rām.; ययावजः प्रत्यरिसैन्यमेव R.7.55; (c) in comparison with, on a par with, in proportion to, a match for; त्वं सहस्राणि प्रति Ṛv.2.1.8; (d) near, in the vicinity of, by, at, in, on; समासेदुस्ततो गङ्गां शृङ्गवेरपुरं प्रति Rām.; गङ्गां प्रति; (e) at the time, about, during; आदित्यस्योदयं प्रति Mb; फाल्गुनं वाथ चैत्रं वा मासौ प्रति Ms.7.182; (f) on the side of, in favour of, to the lot of; यदत्र मां प्रति स्यात् Sk.; हरं प्रति हलाहलं (अभवत्) Vop.; (g) in each, in or at every, severally (used in a distributive sense); वर्षं प्रति, प्रतिवर्षम्; यज्ञं प्रति Y.1.11; वृक्षं वृक्षं प्रति सिञ्चति Sk.; (h) with regard or reference to, in relation to, regarding, concerning, about, as to; न हि मे संशीतिरस्या दिव्यतां प्रति K.132; चन्द्रोपरागं प्रति तु केनापि विप्रलब्धासि Mu.1; धर्मं प्रति Ś.5.18; मन्दौत्सुक्यो$स्मि नगरगमनं प्रति Ś.1; Ku.6.27; 7.83; त्वयैकमीशं प्रति साधु भाषितम् 5.81; Y.1.218; R.6. 12;1.29;12.51; (i) according to, in conformity with; मां प्रति in my opinion; (j) before, in the presence of; (k) for, on account of. -4 As a separable preposition (with abl.) it means either (a) a representative of, in place of, instead of; प्रद्युम्नः कृष्णात् प्रति Sk.; संग्रामे यो नारायणतः प्रति Bk.8.89; or (b) in exchange or return for; तिलेभ्यः प्रति यच्छति माषान् Sk.; भक्तेः प्रत्यमृतं शंभोः Vop. -5 As the first member of Avyayībhāva compound it usually means (a) in or at every; as प्रतिसंवत्सरम् 'every year', प्रतिक्षणम्, प्रत्यहम् &c.; (b) towards, in the direction of; प्रत्यग्नि शलभा डयन्ते. -6 प्रति is sometimes used as the last member of Avyayī. comp. in the sense of 'a little'; सूपप्रति, शाकप्रति. [Note:-In the compounds given below all words the second members of which are words not immediately connected with verbs, are included; other words will be found in their proper places.] -Comp. -अंशम् ind. on the shoulders. -अक्षरम् ind. in every syllable or letter; प्रत्यक्षरश्लेषमयप्रबन्ध Vās. -अग्नि ind. towards the fire. -अग्र = प्रत्यग्र q. v. -अङ्गम् 1 a secondary or minor limb (of the body), as the nose. -2 a division, chapter, section. -3 every limb. -4 a weapon. (-ङ्गम्) ind. 1 on or at every limb of the body; as in प्रत्यङ्ग- मालिङ्गितः Gīt.1. -2 for every subdivision. -3 in each case (in grammar). -अधिदेवता a tutelary deity who stays in front or near one; Hch. -अधिष्ठानम्, -आधानम् the principal place of residence; Bṛi. Up.2.2.1. -2 repository. -अनन्तर a. 1 being in immediate neighbourhood; दानमानादिसत्कारैः कुरुष्व प्रत्यनन्तरम् Rām.4.15.27. (com. प्रत्यनन्तरं स्वाधीनम्). -2 standing nearest (as an heir). -3 immediately following, closely connected with; जीवेत् क्षत्रियधर्मेण स ह्यस्य (ब्राह्मणस्य) प्रत्यनन्तरः; Ms.1. 82;8.185. (-रम्) ind. 1 immediately after. -2 next in succession. -रीभू to betake oneself close to; P. R. -अनिलम् ind. towards or against the wind. -अनीक a 1 hostile, opposed, inimical. -2 resisting, opposing. -3 opposite. -4 equal, vying with. (-कः) an enemy. (-कम्) 1 hostility, enmity, hostile attitude or position; न शक्ताः प्रत्यनीकेषु स्थातुं मम सुरासुराः Rām. -2 a hostile army; यस्य शूरा महेष्वासाः प्रत्यनीकगता रणे Mb.; ये$वस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः Bg.11.32. (प्र˚ may have here sense 1 also). -3 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech in which one tries to injure a person or thing connected with an enemy who himself cannot be injured; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुं तिरस्क्रिया । या तदीयस्य तत्स्तुत्यै प्रत्यनीकं तदुच्यते K. P.1. -अनुप्रासः a kind of alliteration. -अनुमानम् an opposite conclusion. -अन्त a. contiguous, lying close to,
adjacent, bordering. (-न्तः) 1 a border, frontier; स गुप्तमूलप्रत्यन्तः R.4.26. -2 a bordering country; especially, a country occupied by barbarian or Mlechchhas. ˚देशः a bordering country. ˚पर्वतः an adjacent hill; पादाः प्रत्यन्तपर्वताः Ak. -अन्धकार a. spreading shadow; Buddh. -अपकारः retaliation, injury in return; शाम्येत् प्रत्यप- कारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4. -अब्दम् ind. every year -अमित्र a. hostile. (-त्रः) an enemy. (-त्रम्) ind. towards as enemy. -अरिः 1 a well-matched opponent. -2 the 9th, 14th or 23rd asterism from the जन्मनक्षत्र. -3 a particular asterism; दारुणेषु च सर्वेषु प्रत्यरिं च विवर्जयेत् Mb.13.14.28 (com. प्रत्यरिं स्वनक्षत्राद् दिननक्षत्रं यावद् गणयित्वा नवभिर्भागे हृते पञ्चमी तारा प्रत्यरिः ।). -अर्कः a mock sun; parhelion. -अर्गलम् the rope by which a churning stick is moved. -अवयवम् ind. 1 in every limb. -2 in every particular, in detail. -अवर a. 1 lower, less honoured; पुरावरान् प्रत्यवरान् गरीयसः Mb.13.94.12. -2 very low or degrading, very insignificant; Ms.1.19. -अश्मन् m. red chalk. -अष्ठीला a kind of nervous disease. -अहम् ind. every day, daily; day by day; गिरिशमुपचचार प्रत्यहं सा सुकेशी Ku.1.6. -आकारः a scabbard, sheath. -आघातः 1 a counter-stroke. -2 reaction. -आचारः suitable conduct or behaviour. -आत्मम् ind. singly, severally. -आत्मक a. belonging to oneself. -आत्म्यम् similarity with oneself. -आत्मेन ind. after one's own image; स किंनरान् कुंपुरुषान् प्रत्यात्म्येना- सृजत् प्रभुः Bhāg.3.2.45. -आदित्यः a mock sun. -आरम्भः 1 recommencement, second beginning. -2 prohibition. -आर्द्र a. fresh. -आशा 1 hope, expectation; न यत्र प्रत्याशामनुपतति नो वा रहयति Māl.9.8. -2 trust, confidence. -आसङ्गः Connection, contact; अथ प्रत्यासङ्गः कमपि महिमानं वितरति Mv.1.12. -आस्वर 1 returning. -2 reflecting; Ch.Up.1.3.2. -आह्वयः echo, resonance; छाया प्रत्याह्वयाभासा ह्यसन्तो$प्यर्थकारिणः Bhāg.11.28.5. -उत्तरम् a reply, rejoinder. -उलूकः 1 a crow; मृत्युदूतः कपोतो$यमुलूकः कम्पयन्मनः । प्रत्युलूकश्च कुह्वानैरनिद्रौ शून्यमिच्छतः ॥ Bhāg.1.14.14. -2 a bird resembling an owl. -ऋचम् ind. in each Rik. -एक a. each, each one, every single one. (-कम्) ind. 1 one at a time, severally; singly, in every one, to every one; oft. with the force of an adjective; विवेश दण्डकारण्यं प्रत्येकं च सतां मनः R.12.9. 'entered the mind of every good man'; 12.3;7.34; Ku.2.31. -एनस् m. 1 an officer of justice (who punishes criminals); Bṛi. Up.4.3.7. -2 a heir responsible for the debts of the deceased; surety. -कञ्चुकः 1 an adversary. -2 a critic. -कण्ठम् ind. 1 severally, one by one. -2 near the throat. -कलम् ind. constantly, perpetually. -कश a. not obeying the whip. -कष्ट a. comparatively bad. -कामिनी a female rival; Śi. -कायः 1 an effigy, image, picture, likeness. -2 an adversary; स वृषध्वजसायकावभिन्नं जयहेतुः प्रतिकाय- मेषणीयम् Ki.13.28. -3 a target, butt, mark. -कितवः an opponent in a game. -कुञ्जरः a hostile elephant. -कूपः a moat, ditch. -कूल a. 1 unfavourable, adverse, contrary, hostile, opposite, प्रतिकूलतामुपगते हि विधौ विफलत्व- मेति बहुसाधनता Śi.9.6; Ku.3.24. -2 harsh, discordant. unpleasant, disagreeable; अप्यन्नपुष्टा प्रतिकूलशब्दा Ku.1. 45. -3 inauspicious. -4 contradictory. -5 reverse, inverted. -6 perverse, cross, peevish, stubborn. ˚आचार- णम्, ˚आचरितम् any offensive or hostile action or conduct; प्रतिकूलाचरितं क्षमख मे R.8.81. ˚उक्तम्, -क्तिः f. a contradiction. ˚कारिन्, -कृत, -चारिन्, -वत्ति a. opposing. ˚दर्शन a. having an inauspicious or ungracious appearance. ˚प्रवर्तिन्, -वर्तिन् a. acting adversely, taking an adverse course. ˚भाषिन् a. opposing, contradicting. ˚वचनम् disagreeable or unpleasant speech. ˚वादः contradiction. (प्रतिकूलता, -त्वम् adverseness, opposition, hostility. प्रति- कूलयति 'to oppose'.). -कूल ind. 1 adversely, contrarily. -2 inversely, in inverted order. -कूलय Den. P. to resist, oppose. -कूलिक a. hostile, inimical. -क्षणम् ind. at every moment or instant, constantly; प्रतिक्षणं संभ्रमलोलदृष्टि- र्लीलारविन्देन निवारयन्ती Ku.3.56. -क्षपम् ind. everynight. -गजः a hostile elephant -गात्रम् ind. in very limb. -गिरिः 1 an opposite mountain. -2 an inferior mountain. -गृहम्, -गेहम् ind. in every house. -ग्रामम् ind. in every village. -चक्रम् a hostile army. -चन्द्रः a mock moon; paraselene. -चरणम् ind. 1 in every (Vedic) school or branch. -2 at every foot-step. -छाया, -यिका 1 a reflected image, reflection, shadow; रूपं प्रतिच्छायिक- योपनीतम् N.6.45. -2 an image, picture. -जङ्घा the forepart of the leg. -जिह्वा, -जिह्विका the soft palate, -तन्त्रम् ind. according to each Tantra or opinion. -तन्त्र- सिद्धान्तः a conclusion adopted by one of the disputants only; (वादिप्रतिवाद्येकतरमात्राभ्युपगतः). -त्र्यहम् ind. for three days at a time. -दण्ड a. Ved. disobedient. -दिनम् ind. every day; राशीभूतः प्रतिदिनमिव त्र्यम्बकस्याट्टहासः Me.6. -दिशम् ind. in every direction, all round, everywhere. -दूतः a messenger sent in return. -देवता a corresponding deity; गताः कलाः पञ्चदश प्रतिष्ठा देवाश्च सर्वे प्रतिदेवतासु Muṇḍa.3.2.7. -देशम् ind. in every country. -देहम् ind. in every body. -दैवतम् ind. for every deity. -द्वन्द्वः 1 an antagonist, opponent, adversary, rival. -2 an enemy. (-द्वम्) opposition, hostility. -द्वन्द्विन् a. 1 hostile, inimical. -2 adverse (प्रतिकूल); कृतान्तदुर्वृत्त इवापरेषां पुरः प्रतिद्वन्द्विनि पाण्डवास्त्रे Ki.16.29. -3 rivalling, vying with; किसलयोद्भेदप्रतिद्वन्दिभिः (करतलैः) Ś.4.5. (-m.) an opponent, adversary, rival; तुल्यप्रति- द्वन्द्वि बभूव युद्धम् R.7.37.;15.25. -द्वारम् ind. at every gate. -धुरः a horse harnessed by the side of another. -नप्तृ m. great-grandson, a son's grandson. -नव a. 1 new, young, fresh. -2 newly blown budded; सान्ध्यं तेजः प्रतिनवजपापुष्परक्तं दधानः Me.38. -नाडी a branch-vein. -नायकः the adversary of the hero of any poetic composition; धीरोद्धतः पापकारी व्यसनी प्रतिनायकः S. D., as रावण in the Rāmāyaṇa, शिशुपाल in Māgha-Kāvya &c. -नारी, -पत्नी, -युवतिः a female rival; Śi.7.45. -निनादः = प्रतिध्वनिः q. v. -न्यायम् ind. in inverted order; पुनः प्रतिन्यायं प्रतियोन्याद्रवति स्वप्नायैव Bṛi. Up.4.3.15.
-पक्ष a. like, similar. (-क्षः) 1 the opposite side, party or faction, hostility; विमृश्य पक्षप्रतिपक्षाभ्यामवधारणं नियमः Gaut. S, -2 an adversary, enemy, foe, rival; प्रति- पक्षकामिनी, -लक्ष्मी 'a rival wife'; Bv.2.64; दासीकृतायाः प्रति- पक्षलक्ष्याः Vikr.1.73; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुम् K. P.1; Vikr.1.7; often used in comp. in the sense of 'equal' or 'similar'. -3 remedy, expiation; यादवस्य पापस्य प्रतिपक्षमुपदिशामि Nāg.5. -4 a defendant or respondent (in law). ˚ता 1 hostility, opposition. -2 obstacle. -पक्षित a. 1 containing a contradiction. -2 nullified by a contradictory premise; (as a hetu in न्याय); cf. सत्प्रतिपक्ष. -पक्षिन् m. an opponent, adversary. -पण्यम् merchandise in exchange; Buddh. -प्रथम् ind. along the road, towards the way; प्रतिपथगतिरासीद् वेगदीर्घीकृताङ्गः Ku.3.76. -पदम् ind. 1 at evry stop. -2 at every place, everywhere. -3 expressly. -4 in every word; प्रतिपदाख्याने तु गौरवं परिहरद्भिर्वृत्तिकारैः सर्वसामान्यः शब्दः प्रति- गृहीतः प्रकृतिवदिति ŚB. on MS.8.1.2. -पल्लवः an opposite or outstretched branch; R. -पाणः 1 a stake. -2 a counter-pledge. -3 a counter-stake; Mb.3. -पादम् ind. in each quarter. -पात्रम् ind. with regard to each part, of each character; प्रतिपात्रमाधीयतां यत्नः Ś.1 'let care be taken of each character'. -पादपम् ind. in every tree. -पाप a. returning sin for sin, requiting evil for evil. -पु(पू)रुषः 1 a like or similar man. -2 a substitute, deputy. -3 a companion. -4 the effigy of a man pushed by thieves into the interior of a house before entering it themselves (to ascertain if any body is awake). -5 an effigy in general. (-षम्) ind. man by man, for each man. -पुस्तकम् a copy of an original manuscript. -पूर्वाह्णम् ind. every forenoon. -प्रति a. counter-balancing, equal to. -प्रभातम् ind. every morning. -प्रसवः 1 (As opposed to अनुप्रसव) tracing causes back to the origin as -a pot, a lump of mud, mud, clay, Pātañjala Yogadarśana. -2 Negation of (or exception to) a negation. The force of a प्रतिप्रसव is positive, limiting as it does the scope of a प्रतिषेध or negation. Hence it is just the opposite of परिसंख्या whose force is negative or exclusive since it limits the scope of a positive statement. प्रतिप्रसवो$यं न परिसंख्या ŚB. on MS.1.7.45. -प्रकारः an outer wall or rampart. -प्रियम् a kindness or service in return; प्रतिप्रियं चेद् भवतो न कुर्यां वृथा हि मे स्यात् स्वपदोपलब्धिः R.5.56. -बन्धुः an equal in rank or station; Mb.5.121.13. -बलः a. 1 able, powerful. -2 equal in strength, equally matched or powerful. (-लम्) 1 a hostile army; अस्त्रज्वालावलीढप्रतिबलजलधेरन्तरौर्वायमाणे Ve.3.7. -2 strength. -बाहु 1 the forepart of the arm. -2 an opposite side (in a square or polygon). -बि (वि) म्बः, -म्बम् 1 a reflection, reflected image; ज्योतिषां प्रतिबिम्बानि प्राप्नु- वन्त्युपहारताम् Ku.6.42; Śi.9.18. -2 an image, a picture. -बीजम् a rotten seed. -भट a. vying with, rivalling; घटप्रतिभटस्तनि N.13.5. (-टः) 1 a rival, an opponent; निवासः कन्दर्पप्रतिभटजटाजूटभवने G. L.21. -2 a warrior on the opposite side; समालोक्याजौ त्वां विदधति विकल्पान् प्रतिभटाः K. P.1. -भय a. 1 fearful, formidable, terrible, frightful. -2 dangerous; स्वगृहोद्यानगते$पि स्निग्धैः पापं विशङ्क्यते मोहात् । किमु दृष्टबह्वपायप्रतिभयकान्तारमध्यस्थे ॥ Pt.2.171; Nāg.5.1.; Bhāg.1.6.14. (-यम्) a danger; सुनन्द, श्रुतं मया संनिहितगरुडप्रतिभयमुद्देशं जामाता जीमूतवाहनो गतः Nāg.5. -भैरव a. dreadful. -मञ्चः a kind of measure (in music.) -मञ्चाः Platforms opposite to each other; दशभागिकौ द्वौ प्रतिमञ्चौ Kau. A.2.3.21. -मण्डलम् 1 a secondary disc (of the sun &c.). -2 an eccentric orbit. -मन्दिरम् ind. in every house. -मल्लः an antagonist, a rival; उपेयिवांसं प्रतिमल्लतां रयस्मये जितस्य प्रसभं गरुत्मतः N.1.63; पातालप्रतिमल्लगल्ल &c. Māl.5.22. -मानना worship (पूजा); स्पर्शमशुचिवपुरर्हति न प्रतिमाननां तु नितरां नृपोचिताम् Śi.15.35. -माया a counter-spell or charm; प्रतिमाया कृतं च तत् Mb.1.34.22. -मार्गः the way back; Mb.4. -मार्गम् ind. back, backwards. -माला capping verses (Mar. भंडी). -मासम् ind. every month, monthly. -मित्रम् an enemy, adversary. -मुख a. standing before the face, facing; प्रतिमुखागत Ms.8.291. -2 near, present. (-खम्) a secondary plot or incident in a drama which tends either to hasten or retard the catastrophe; see S. D.334 and 351-364. (-खम्) ind. 1 towards. -2 in front, before. -मुखरी a particular mode of drumming. -मुद्रा 1 a counterseal. -2 the impression of a seal. -मुहूर्तम् ind. every moment. -मूर्तिः f. an image, a likeness. -मूषिका f. a musk-rat (Mar. चिचुंदरी). -यूथपः the leader of a hostile herd of elephants. -रथः an adversary in war (lit. in fighting in a war-chariot); दौष्यन्तिमप्रतिरथं तनयं निवेश्य Ś.4.2. -रथ्यम् in every road; अस्मिन् नगरे प्रतिरथ्यं भुजङ्गबद्धसंचारे Udb. -रवः, -ध्वनिः 1 an echo; प्रतिरवविततो वनानि चक्रे Ki.1.4. -2 quarrel; controversy. -3 (Ved.) life (प्राण). -रसितम् an echo; केनास्मत् सिंह- नादप्रतिरसितसखो दुन्दुभिस्ताड्यते$यम् Ve.1.22. -राजः a hostile king. -रात्रम् ind. every night. -रूप a. 1 corresponding, similar, having a counter-part in; अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव Kaṭh.2.2.9. -2 beautiful. -3 suitable, proper; इदं न प्रतिरूपं ते स्त्रीष्वदाक्षिण्यमीदृशम् Bu. Ch.4.66; आत्मनः प्रतिरूपं सा बभाषे चारुहासिनी Rām.4. 19.17. -4 facing (अभिमुख); प्रतिरूपं जनं कुर्यान्न चेत् तद् वर्तते यथा Mb.12.97.16 (com. प्रतिरूपं युद्धाभिमुखम्). (-पम्) 1 a picture, an image, a likeness. -2 a mirror-like reflecting object; अदर्शनं स्वशिरसः प्रतिरूपे च सत्यपि Bhāg. 1.42.28. -4 an object of comparison (उपमान); भवान्मे खलु भक्तानां सर्वेषां प्रतिरूपधृक् Bhāg.7.1.21. -रूपक a. resembling, similar (at the end of comp.); जहीमान् राक्षसान् पापानात्मनः प्रतिरूपकान् Mb.3.29.11; चेष्टाप्रतिरूपिका मनोवृत्तिः Ś.1. (-कम्) 1 a picture, an image; अग्निदैर्गर- दैश्चैव प्रतिरूपककारकैः Mb.12.59.49. -2 a forged edict; जर्जरं चास्य विषयं कुर्वन्ति प्रतिरूपकैः Mb.12.56.52. -3 a reflection. -लक्षणम् a mark, sign, token. -लिपिः f. a transcript, a written copy. -लेखः a writ of reply; प्रावृत्तिकश्च प्रतिलेख एव Kau. A.2.1.28. -लोम a. 1 'against the
hair or grain', contray to the natural order, inverted, reverse (opp. अनुलोम); नववर्षसहस्राक्षः प्रतिलोमो$भवद् गुरुः Bhāg.12.14.15. -2 contrary to caste (said of the issue of a woman who is of a higher caste than her husband). -3 hostile. -4 low, vile, base. -5 left (वाम). -6 obstinate, perverse; अपरिचितस्यापि ते$प्रतिलोमः संवृत्तः Ś.7. -7 disagreeable, unpleasant. (-मम्) any injurious or unpleasant act. (-मम्) ind. 'against the hair or grain', inversely, invertedly. ˚ज a. born in the inverse order of the castes; i. e. born of a mother who is of a higher caste than the father; cf. Ms.1.16,25. -लोमक a. reverse, inverted; राजन्यविप्रयोः कस्माद् विवाहः प्रतिलोमकः Bhāg.9.18.5. -कम् inverted order. -लोमतः ind. 1 in consequence of the inverted order or course; Ms.1.68. -2 in an unfriendly manner; यदा बहुविधां वृद्धिं मन्येत प्रतिलोमतः Mb.12.13.39. -वत्सरम् ind. every year. -वनम् ind. in every forest. -वर्णिक a. similar, corresponding. -वर्धिन् a. being a match for. -वर्षम् ind. every year. -वस्तु n. 1 an equivalent, a counterpart. -2 anything given in return. -3 a parallel. ˚उपमा a figure of speech thus defined by Mammaṭa:-- प्रतिवस्तूपमा तु सा ॥ सामान्यस्य द्विरेकस्य यत्र वाक्यद्वये स्थितिः । K. P.1; e. g. तापेन भ्राजते सूर्यः शूरश्चापेन राजते Chandr.5. 48. -वातः a contrary wind; प्रतिवाते$नुवाते च नासीत गुरुणा सह Ms.2.23. (-तम्) ind. against the wind; चीनांशुक- मिव केतोः प्रतिवातं नीयमानस्य Ś.1.33. -वारणः a hostile elephant. -वासरम् ind. every day. -विटपम् ind. 1 on every branch. -2 branch by branch. -विषम् an antidote. (-षा) a birch tree. -विष्णुकः a Muchakunda tree. -वीरः an opponent, antagonist. -वीर्यम् being equal to or a match for. -वृषः a hostile bull. -वेलम् ind. at each time, on every occasion. -वेशः 1 a neighbouring house, neighbourhood. -2 a neighbour. -वेशिन् a. a neighbour; दृष्ट्वा प्रभातसमये प्रतिवेशिवर्गः Mk.3.14. -वेश्मन् n. a neighbour's house. -वेश्यः a neighbour. -वैरम् requital of hostilities revenge. -शब्दः 1 echo, reverberation; वसुधाधरकन्दराभिसर्पी प्रतिशब्दो$पि हरेर्भिनत्ति नागान् V. 1.16; Ku.6.64; R.2.28. -2 a roar. -शशिन् m. a mock-moon. -शाखम् ind. for every branch or school (of the Veda). -शाखा a side-branch; महाभूतविशेषश्च विशेषप्रतिशाखवान् Mb.14.35.21. -संवत्सरम् ind. every year. -सङ्गक्षिका 1 a cloak to keep off the dust; Buddh. -संदेशः a reply to the message; दर्पसारस्य प्रति- संदेशमावेदयत् D. K.2.1. -सम a. equal to, a match for. -सव्य a. in an inverted order. -सामन्तः an enemy. -सायम् ind. every evening. -सूर्यः, -सूर्यकः 1 a mock-sun. -2 a lizard, chameleon; 'कृकलासस्तु सरटः प्रतिसूर्यः शयानकः ।' Hemchandra; तृष्यद्भिः प्रतिसूर्यकैरजगरस्वेदद्रवः पीयते U.2.16. -सेना, सैन्यम् a hostile army; निहतां प्रतिसैन्येन वडवामिव पातिताम् Rām.2.114.17. -स्थानम् ind. in every place, everywhere. -स्मृतिः N. of particular kind of magic; गृहाणेमां मया प्रोक्तां सिद्धिं मूर्तिमतीमिव । विद्यां प्रतिस्मृतिं नाम Mb.3.36.3. -स्रोतस् ind. against the stream; सरस्वतीं प्रतिस्रोतं ययौ ब्राह्मणसंवृतः Bhāg.1.78. 18. -a. going against the stream; अथासाद्य तु कालिन्दी प्रतिस्रोतः समागताम् Rām.2.55.5. -हस्तः, -हस्तकः a deputy, an agent, substitute, proxy; आश्रितानां भृतौ स्वामिसेवायां धर्मसेवने । पुत्रस्योत्पादने चैव न सन्ति प्रतिहस्तकाः ॥ H.2.33. -हस्तीकृ to take; Pratijñā 3. -हस्तिन् the keeper of a brothel; Dk.2.2.
प्रत्याख्या 2 P. 1 To deny (as a fact). -2 To decline, refuse, reject. -3 To forbid, prohibit. -4 To interdict. -5 To excel, surpass; प्रत्याख्यातविशेषकं कुरबकं श्यामावदातारुणम् M.3.5.
प्रत्यूह् 1 U. 1 To oppose, resist. -2 To disturb, interrupt, impede. -3 To reject, refuse. -4 To excel, surpass. -5 To offer, present; पशून् देवताभ्यः प्रत्यौहत Bṛi. Up.1.2.7.
प्रभू 1 P. 1 To arise, proceed, spring up, to be born or produced, originate (with abl.); लोभात् क्रोध प्रभवति H.1.25; स्वायंभुवान्मरीचेर्यः प्रबभूव प्रजापतिः Ś.7.9; पुरुषः प्रबभूवाग्नेर्विस्मयेन सहर्त्विजाम् R.1.5; अव्यक्ताद् व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे Bg.8.18. -2 To appear, become visible; वने$पि दोषाः प्रभवन्ति रागिणाम् H.4.84. -3 To multiply, increase; see प्रभूत. -4 To be strong or powerful, prevail, predominate, show one's power; प्रभवति हि महिम्ना स्वेन योगीश्वरीयम् Māl.9.52; प्रभवति भगवान् विधिः; K.; Pt.1.44. -5 To be able or equal, have power for (with inf.) कुसुमान्यपि गात्रसंगमात् प्रभवन्त्यायुरपोहितुं यदि R.8.44; को$न्यो हुतवहाद्दग्धुं प्रभविष्यति Ś.4; Ś.6.3; V.1.9; U.2.4; Pt. 1. -6 To have control or power over, prevail over, be master of (usually with gen., sometimes with dat. or loc.); यदि प्रभविष्याम्यात्मनः Ś.1; प्रभवति निजस्य कन्यकाजनस्य महाराजः Māl.4; तत् प्रभवति अनुशासने देवी Ve.2. विधिरपि न
येभ्यः प्रभवति Bh.2.94. नृपतिकुलवतंसमात्मवंशं भुवमधिपल्लवितं प्रभूय मेने Śiva B.1.91. -7 To be a match for (with dat.); प्रभवति मल्लो मल्लाय Mbh. -8 To be sufficient for, be able to contain; अपि व्याप्तदिगन्तानि नाङ्गानि प्रभवन्ति मे Ku.6.59. -9 To be contained in (wit loc.); गुरुः प्रहर्षः प्रबभूव नात्मनि R.3.17. -1 To be useful. -11 To implore, beseech. -12 To extend beyond, surpass (Ved.). -13 To profit, avail. -Caus. 1 To increase, augment. -2 To provide more fully. -3 To recognize. -4 To gain power or strength. -5 To make powerful.
प्रभु a. (भु-भ्वी f.) 1 Mighty, strong, powerful. -2 -2 Able, competent, having power to (with inf. or in comp.); ऋषिप्रभावान्मयि नान्तको$पि प्रभुः प्रहर्तुं किमुतान्यहिंस्राः R.2.62; समाधिभेदप्रभवो भवन्ति Ku.3.4. -3 A match for; प्रभुर्मल्लो मल्लाय Mbh. -4 Abundant. -5 Everlasting, eternal. -भुः 1 A lord, master; प्रभुर्बुभूषुर्भुवन- त्रयस्य यः Śi.1.49. -2 A governor, ruler, supreme authority. -3 An owner, proprietor. -4 Quick-silver. -5 N. of Viṣṇu. -6 Of Śiva. -7 Of Brahmā; cf. समीक्ष्य प्रभवस्त्रयः Bhāg.4.1.21; (also applied to various gods as Indra; Sūrya, Agni). -8 Word, sound. -Comp. -भक्त a. attached or devoted to one's lord, loyal; बह्वाशी, स्वल्पसंतुष्टः, सुनिद्रः, शीघ्रचेतनः । प्रभुभक्तश्च शूरश्च ज्ञातव्याः षड्गुणाः शुनः ॥ Chāṇakyanītidarpaṇa. (-क्त) a good horse. -भक्तिः f. devotion to one's lord, loyalty, faithfulness.
प्रमी 9 U. 1 To destroy, annihilate, kill, slay. -2 To diminish. -3 To surmount, get over. -4 To surpass, outstrip. -5 Ved. To transgress, infringe. -6 Ved. To lose or miss (one's way). -7 To perish, die. -Caus. To destroy, annihilate &c.
फलम् [फल्-अच्] 1 Fruit (fig. also) as of a tree; उदेति पूर्वं कुसुमं ततः फलम् Ś.7.3; R.4.43;1.49. -2 Crop, produce; कृषिफलम् Me.16. -3 A result, fruit, consequence, effect; अत्युत्कटैः पापपुण्यैरिहैव फलमश्नुते H.1.8; फलेन ज्ञास्यसि Pt.1; न नवः प्रभुराफलोदयात् स्थिरकर्मा विरराम कर्मणः R.8.22;1.33; अनिष्टमिष्टं मिश्रं च त्रिविधं कर्मणः फलम् Bg.18.12. -4 (Hence) Reward, recompense, meed, retribution (good or bad); फलमस्योपहासस्य सद्यः प्राप्स्यसि पश्य माम् R.12.37. -5 A deed, act (opp. words); ब्रुवते हि फलेन साधवो न तु कण्ठेन निजोपयोगिताम् N.2.48 'good men prove their usefulness by deeds, not by words'. -6 Aim, object, purpose; परेङ्गितज्ञानफला हि बुद्धयः Pt.1.43; किमपेक्ष्य फलम् Ki.2.21, 'with what object in view; Me.56. -7 Use, good, profit, advantage; जगता वा विफलेन किं फलम् Bv.2.61. -8 Profit or interest on capital. -9 Progeny, offspring; तस्यापनोदाय फलप्रवृत्तावुपस्थितायामपि निर्व्यपेक्षः (त्यक्षामि) R.14.39. -1 A kernel (of a fruit). -11 A tablet or board (शारिफल). -12 A blade (of a sword). -13 The point or head of an arrow, dart &c.; barb; आरामुखं क्षुरप्रं च गोपुच्छं चार्धचन्द्रकम् । सूचीमुखं च भल्लं च वत्सदन्तं द्विभल्लकम् ॥ कर्णिकं काकतुण्डं च तथान्यान्यप्यनेकशः । फलानि देशभेदेन भवन्ति बहुरूपतः ॥ Dhanur.64-5; फलयोगमवाप्य सायकानाम् Ms.7.1; Ki.14.52. -14 A shield. -15 A testicle; अकर्तव्यमिदं यस्माद् विफलस्त्वं भविष्यसि Rām.1.48.27. -16 A gift. -17 The result of a calculation (in Math.) -18 Product or quotient. -19 Menstrual discharge. -2 Nutmeg. -21 A ploughshare. -22 Loss, disadvantage. -23 The second (or third) term in a rule-of-three sum. -24 Correlative equation. -25 The area of a figure. -26 The three myrobalans (त्रिफला). -27 A point on a die. -28 Benefit, enjoyment; ईश्वरा भूरिदानेन यल्लभन्ते फलं किल Pt.2.72. -29 Compensation; यावत् सस्यं विनश्येत् तु तावत् स्यात् क्षेत्रिणः फलम् Y.2.161. -3 A counterpart (प्रतिबिम्ब); तन्मायाफलरूपेण केवलं निर्विकल्पितम् Bhāg.11.24.3. -31 Shoulder-blade; तस्यां स फलके खड्गं निजघान ततो$ङ्गदः Rām.6.76.1. -Comp. -अदनः = फलाशनः q. v.; a parrot. -अधिकारः a claim for wages. -अध्यक्षः Mimusops Kauki (Mār. खिरणी). -अनुबन्धः succession or sequence of fruits or results. -अनुमेय a. to be inferred from the results or consequences; फलानुमेयाः प्रारम्भाः संस्काराः प्राक्तना इव R.1.2. -अनुसरणम् 1 rate of profits. -2 following or reaping consequences. -अन्तः a bamboo. -अन्वेषिन् a. seeking for reward or recompense (of actions). -अपूर्वम् The mystic power which produces the consequences of a sacrificial act. -अपेक्षा expectation of the fruits or consequences (of acts), regard to results. -अपेत a. useless, unfertile, unproductive. -अम्लः a kind of sorrel. (-म्लम्) tamarind. ˚पञ्चकम् the five sour fruits; bergumot (जम्बीर), orange (नारिङ्ग), sorrel (आम्लवेतस), tamarind (चिञ्चा) and a citron (मातुलुङ्ग, Mar. महाळुंग). -अशनः a parrot. -अस्थि n. a cocoa-nut. -आकाङ्क्षा expectation of (good) results; see फलापेक्षा. -आगमः 1 production of fruits, load of fruits; भवन्ति नम्रास्तरवः फलागमैः Ś.5.12. -2 the fruit season, autumn. -आढ्य a. full of or abounding in fruits. (-ढ्या) a kind of plantain. -आरामः a fruitgarden, orchard. -आसक्त a. 1 fond of fuits. -2 attached to fruits, fond of getting fruit (of actions done). -आसवः a decoction of fruit. -आहारः feeding or living on fruits, fruit-meal. -इन्द्रः a species of Jambū (Rājajambū). -उच्चयः a collection of fruits. -उत्तमा 1 a kind of grapes (having no stones). -2 = त्रिफला. -उत्पत्तिः f. 1 production of fruit. -2 profit, gain. (-त्तिः) the mango tree (sometimes written फलोत्पति in this sense). -उत्प्रेक्षा a kind of comparison. -उदयः 1 appearance of fruit, production of results or consequences, attainment of success or desired object; आफलोदयकर्मणाम् R.1.5;8.22. -2 profit, gain. -3 retribution, punishment. -4 happiness, joy. -5 heaven. -उद्गमः appearance of fruits; भवन्ति नम्रास्तरवः फलोद्गमैः Ś.5.12 (v. l.). -उद्देशः regard to results; see फलापेक्षा. -उन्मुख a. about to give fruit. -उपगम a. bearing fruit. -उपजीविन् a. living by cultivating or selling fruits. -उपभोगः 1 enjoyment of fruit. -2 partaking of reward. -उपेत a. yielding fruit, fruitful, fortile. -काम a. one who is desirous of fruit; धर्मवाणिजका मूढा फलकामा नराधमाः । अर्चयन्ति जगन्नाथं ते कामं नाप्नुवन्त्युत ॥ (मल. त. Śabda. ch.) -कामना desire of fruits or consequences. -कालः fruitseason. -केसरः the cocoanut tree. -कोशः, -षः, कोशकः the scrotum (covering of the testicles). -खण्डनम् frustration of fruits or results, disappointment. -खेला a quail. -ग्रन्थः (in astrol.) a work describing the effects of celestial phenomena on the destiny of men; Bṛi. S. -ग्रहः deriving benefit or advantage. -ग्रही, -ग्राहिन् a. (also फलेग्रहि and फलेग्राहिन्) fruitful, yielding or bearing fruit in season; श्लाध्यतां कुलमुपैति पैतृकं स्यान्मनोरथतरुः फलेग्रहिः Kir. K.3.6; Māl.9.39; भूष्णुरात्मा फलेग्रहिः Ait. Br. (शुनःशेप legend); फलेग्रहीन् हंसि वनस्पतीनाम् Bk.; द्वितीयो ह्यवकेशी स्यात् प्रथमस्तु फलेग्रहिः Śiva. B.16.27. (-m.) a fruit-tree. -ग्रहिष्णु a. fruitful. -चोरकः a kind of perfume (Mar. चोरओवा). -छदनम a house built of wooden boards. -तन्त्र a. aiming only at one's advantage. -त्रयम्, -त्रिकम् the three myrobalans (त्रिफला). -द, -दातृ, -प्रद a. 1 productive, fruitful, bearing fruit; फलदानां तु वृक्षाणां छेदने जप्यमृक्शतम् Ms.11.142; गते$पि वयसि ग्राह्या विद्या सर्वात्मना बुधैः । ...... अन्यत्र फलदा भवेत् ॥ Subhāṣ. -2 bringing in gain or profit. -3 giving
a reward, rewarding. (-दः) a tree. -धर्मन् a. ripening soon and then falling on the ground, perishing; फेनधर्मा महाराज फलधर्मा तथैव च। निमेषादपि कौन्तेय यस्यायुरपचीयते Mb.3.35.2-3. -निर्वृत्ति f. final consequence or reward. -निवृत्तिः f. cessation of consequences. -निष्पत्तिः f. 1 production of fruit. -2 attainment of reward. -परिणतिः f., -परिणामः, -पाकः (-फलेपाकः also) 1 the ripening of fruit. -2 the fulness of cousequences. -पाकः Carissa Carandas (Mar. करवंद). -पाकान्ता, -पाकावसाना an annual plant; ओषध्यः फलपाकान्ताः Ak. -पातनम् knocking down or gathering fruit. -पादपः a fruit-tree. -पूरः, -पूरकः the common citron tree; एतस्मिन् फलपूरबीजनिकरभ्रान्त्या नितान्तारुणे संप्राप्तेषु शुकेषु पञ्जरशुका निर्गन्तुमुद्युञ्जते । Rām. Ch.7.86. -प्रजननम् the production of fruit. -प्रदानम् 1 the giving of fruits. -2 a ceremony at weddings. -प्राप्तिः f. attainment of the desired fruit of object. -प्रिया 1 the Priyaṅgu plant. -2 a species of crow. -प्रेप्सु a. desirous of attaining results. -बन्धिन् a. forming or developing fruit. -भागः a share in any product or profit. -भागिन्, -भाज् a. partaking of a reward or profit; दातॄन् प्रतिग्रहीतॄ प्रतिग्रहीतॄश्च कुरुते फल- भागिनः Ms.3.143. -भावना The acquisition of a result; success; सुपर्वणां हि स्फुटभावना या सा पूर्वरूपं फलभावनायाः N.14. 7. -भुज् m. a monkey; P. R. -भूमन् m. greater fruit; क्रतुवच्चानुमानेनाभ्यासे फलभूमा स्यात् MS.11.1.29. -भूयस्त्वम् (see फलभूमन् above); यथा कर्मसु सौर्यादिषु फलं कर्मणा क्रियत इति कर्माभ्यासे फलभूयस्त्वमेवमिहापि ŚB. on MS.11.1.29. -भूमिः f. a place where one receives the reward or recompense of his deeds (i. e. heaven or hell). -भृत् a. bearing fruit, fruitful. -भोगः 1 enjoyment of consequences. -2 usufruct. -मत्स्या the aloe plant. -मुख्या a species of plant (अजमोदा). -मूलम् fruits and roots; फलमूलाशिनौ दान्तौ Rāmarakṣā 18. -योगः 1 the attainment of fruit or the desired object; Mu.7.1. -2 wages, remuneration. -3 a stage in the performance of a drama; सावस्था फलयोगः स्यात् यः समग्रफलागमः S. D. -राजन् m. a water-melon. -राशिः m. the 3rd term in the rule of three. -वन्ध्यः a tree barren of fruit. -वर्णिका jelly (?); Gaṇeśa P.2.149. -वर्तिः f. a coarse wick of cloth besmeared with some laxative and inserted into the anus for discharging the bowels, suppository. -वर्तुलम् a watermelon. -वल्ली a series of quotients. -विक्रयिन् a. a fruit-seller. -वृक्षः a fruit-tree. -वृक्षकः the bread-fruit tree. -शाडवः the pomegranate tree. -शालिन् a. 1 bearing fruit, fruitful. -2 sharing in the consequences. -शैशिरः the Badara tree. -श्रेष्ठः the mango tree. -संस्थ a. bearing fruit. -संपद् f. 1 abundance of fruit. -2 success. -3 prosperity. -साधनम् a means of effecting any desired object, realization of an object -सिद्धिः f. 1 reaping fruit, attainment or realization of the desired object. -2 a prosperous result. -स्थानम् the stage in which results are enjoyed; Buddh. -स्थापनम् the sacrament called सीमन्तोन्नयन; फलस्थापनात् मातापितृजं पाप्मानमपोहति Hārīta. -स्नेहः a walnut tree. -हारी an epithet of Kālī or Durgā -हानिः loss of profit -हीन a. yielding no fruit or profit. -हेतु a. acting with a view to results.
बलम् [बल्-अच्] 1 Strength, power, might, vigour; क्षत्त्रियाणां बलं युद्धम् Brav. P. -2 Force, violence; as in बलात् q. v. -3 An army, host, forces, troops; भवेदभीष्म- मद्रोणं धृतराष्ट्रबलं कथम् Ve.3.24,43; बलं भीष्मा(भीमा)भिरक्षितम् Bg.1.1; R.16.37. -4 Bulkiness, stoutness (of the body). -5 Body, figure, shape. -6 Semen virile. -7 Blood, -8 Gum myrrh. -9 A shoot, sprout. -1 Force or power of articulation; वर्णः स्वरः । मात्रा बलम् । साम संतानः । इत्युक्तः शीक्षाध्यायः T. Up.1.2.1. -11 The deity of power (such as Indra); नमो बलप्रमथनाय Mb.12.284. 94. -12 The hand; क्रान्ते विष्णुर्बले शक्रः कोष्ठे$ग्निर्भोक्तुमिच्छति Mb.12.239.8. -13 Effort (यत्न); विधिः शुक्रं बलं चेति त्रय एते गुणाः परे Mb.12.32.11 (com. बलं वासनाविषयप्राप्त्यनु- कूलो यत्नः). (बलेन means 'on the strength of', 'by means or virtue of'; बाहुबलेन जितः, वीर्यबलेन &c.; बलात् 'perforce', 'forcibly', 'violently', 'against one's will'; बलान्निद्रा समायाता Pt.1; हृदयमदये तस्मिन्नेवं पुनर्वलते बलात् Gīt.7.). -लः 1 A crow; Rām.6.54.9. -2 N. of the elder brother of Kṛiṣṇa; see बलराम below. -3 N. of a demon killed by Indra. -Comp. -अग्रम् excessive strength or force. (-ग्रः) the head of an army. -अङ्गकः the spring; 'वसन्त इष्यः सुरभिः पुष्पकालो बलाङ्गकः' H. Ch.156. -अञ्चिता the lute of Balarāma. -अटः a kind of beam. -अधिक a. surpassing in strength, of superior strength or force. -अधिकरणम् the affairs of an army; -अध्यक्षः 1 a general or commander of an army; सेनापतिबलाध्यक्षौ सर्वदिक्षु निवेशयेत् Ms.7.189. -2 a war-minister. -3 An officer in charge of infantry. -अनुजः an epithet of Kṛiṣṇa. -अन्वित a. 1 endowed with strength, mighty, powerful. -2 leading an army. -अबलम् 1 comparative strength and want of strength, relative strength and weakness; परात्मनोः परिच्छिद्य शक्त्या- दीनां बलाबलम् R.17.59. -2 relative significance and insignificance, comparative importance and unimportance; समय एव करोति बलाबलम् Śi.6.44. ˚अधिकरणम् a kind of न्यायभेद according to Jaimini. -अभ्रः an army in the form of a cloud. -अरातिः an epithet of Indra. -अर्थिन् a. desirous of power; राज्ञो बलार्थिनः षष्ठे (वर्षे उपनयनं कार्यम्) Ms.2.37. -अवलेपः pride of strength. -अशः, -असः 1 consumption. -2 the phlegmatic humour (कफ). -3 a swelling in the throat (which stops the passages of food). -आढ्यः a bean. -आत्मिका a kind of sun-flower (हस्तिशुण्डी). -आलयः a military camp; पूज्यमानो हरिगणैराजगाम बलालयम् Rām.6.112.8. -आहः water. -उत्कट a. of mighty strength; न वध्यते ह्यविश्वस्तो दुर्बलो$पि बलोत्कटैः Pt.2.44;3.115. -उपपन्न, -उपेत a. endowed with strength, strong, powerful;
एतां रामबलोपेतां रक्षां यः सुकृती पठेत् Rāmarakṣā.1. -उपादानम् Recruitment of the army; Kau. A. -ओघः a multitude of troops, numerous army; लक्ष्मीं दधत् प्रति- गिरेरलघुर्बलौघः Śi.5.2. -कर, -कृत् a. strengthening. -कृत done by force or against free consent; सर्वान् बलकृता- नर्थानकृतान् मनुरब्रवीत् Ms.8.168. -क्षोभः disturbance in the army, mutiny, revolt. -चक्रम् 1 dominion, sovereignty. -2 an army, a host. -ज a. produced by power. (-जम्) 1 a city-gate, gate. -2 a field. -3 grain, a heap of grain; त्वं समीरण इव प्रतीक्षितः कर्षकेण बलजान् पुपूषता Śi.14.7. -4 war, battle -5 marrow, pith. -6 a pretty figure. (-जा) 1 the earth. -2 a handsome woman. -3 a kind of jasmine (Arabian). -4 a rope. -तापनः an epithet of Indra; अफिषिषेच मरन्दरसामृतैर्नवलताबलता- पनरत्नभम् (अलिनम्) Rām. Ch.4.12. -दः an ox, a bullock -दर्पः pride of strength. -देवः 1 air, wind. -2 N. of the elder brother of Kṛiṣṇa; see बलराम below. -बलदेवा (वी) f. N. of a medicinal herb which is also called त्रायमाण. It grows in the forests on the slopes of the Himālayas and in Persia. -द्विष् m., -निषूदनः epithets of Indra; बलनिषूदनमर्थपतिं च तम् R.9.3. -निग्रह a. weakening, enervating. -पतिः 1 a general, commander. -2 an epithet of Indra. -पुच्छकः a crow; Nigh. Ratn. -पृष्ठकः a kind of deer (Mar. रोहें). -प्रद a. giving strength, invigorating. -प्रमथनी N. of a form of Durgā. -प्रसूः N. of Rohinī, mother of Balarāma. -भद्र a. strong, powerful. (-द्रः) 1 a strong or powerful man. -2 a kind of ox. -3 N. of Balarāma, q. v. below. -4 the tree called लोध्र. -5 N. of Ananta. (-द्रा) a maiden. -भिद् m. an epithet of Indra; Ś.2. -भृत् a. strong, powerful. -मुख्यः the chief of an army. -रामः 'the strong Rāma', N. of the elder brother of Kṛiṣṇa. [He was the seventh son of Vasudava and Devakī; but transferred to the womb of Rohiṇī to save him from falling a prey to the cruelty of Kaṁsa. He and his brother Kṛiṣṇa were brought up by Nanda in Gokula. When quite young, he killed the powerful demons Dhenuka and Pralamba, and performed, like his brother, many feats of surprising strength. On one occasion Balarāma under the influence of wine, of which he was very fond, called upon the Yamunā river to come to him that he might bathe; and on his command being unheeded, he plunged his plough-share into the river and dragged the waters after him, until the river assumed a human form and asked his forgivenss. On another occasion he dragged towards himself the whole city of Hastināpura along with its walls. As Kṛiṣṇa was a friend and admirer of the Pāṇḍavas, so Balarāma was of the Kauravas, as was seen in his desire of giving his sister Subhadrā to Duryodhana rather than to Arjuna; yet he declined to take any part in the great Bhāratī war either with the Pāṇḍavas or the Kauravas. He is represented as dressed in blue clothes, and armed with a ploughshare which was his most effective weapon. His wife was Revatī. He is sometimes regarded as an incarnation of the serpent Śeṣa and sometimes as the eighth incarnation of Viṣṇu; see the quotation under हल]. -वर्जित a. infirm, weak. -वर्णिन् a. strong and looking well. -वर्धन a. invigorating, strengthening. -m. N. of स्थण्डिलाग्नि in उत्सर्जन or उपाकर्म. -विन्यासः array or arrangement of troops. -व्यसनम् the defeat of an army. -व्यापद् f. decrease of strength. -शालिन् a. strong; बलशालितया यथा तथा वा धियमुच्छेदपरामयं दधानः Ki.13.12. -समुत्थानम् Recruiting a strong army; Kau. A.1.16; तमभियोक्तुं बलसमुत्थानमकरोत् Dk.2.8. -सूदनः an epithet of Indra. -सेना a strong army, an army, host. -स्थ a. strong, powerful. (-स्थः) a warrior, soldier. -स्थितिः f. 1 a camp; an encampment. -2 a royal camp. -हन्, -हन्तृ m. 1 an epithet of Indra; पाण्डुः स्मरति ते नित्यं बलहन्तुः समीपगः Mb.15.2.17. -2 of Balarāma. -3 phlegm. -हीन a. destitute of strength, weak, feeble.
या 2 P. (याति, ययौ, अयासीत्, यास्यति, यातुम्, यात) 1 To go, move, walk, proceed; ययौ तदीयामवलम्ब्य चाङ्गुलिम् R.3.25; अन्वग्ययौ मध्यमलोकपालः 2.16. -2 To march against, invade; तदा यायाद् विगृह्यैव व्यसने चोत्थिते रिपोः Ms. 7.183. -3 To go to, march towards, set out for (with acc., dat. or with प्रति). -4 To pass away, withdraw, depart; यातु प्रस्तुतमनुसंधीयताम् H.3. 'let it go or pass, never mind it' -5 To vanish, disappear; यातस्तवापि च विवेकः Bv.1.66; भाग्यक्रमेण हि धनानि भवन्ति यान्ति Mk.1. 13. -6 To pass away or by, elapse (as time); यौवन- मनिवर्ति यातं तु K. P.1. -7 To last. -8 To happen, come to pass. -9 To go or be reduced to any state, be or become (usually with the acc. of abstract noun). -1 To undertake; न त्वस्य सिद्धौ यास्यामि सर्गव्यापारमात्मना Ku.2.54. -11 To have carnal intercourse with. -12 To request, implore. -13 To find out, discover. -14 To behave, act. (The meanings of या, like those of गम्, are variously modified according to the noun with which it is connected; e. g. नाशं या to be destroyed; वाच्यतां या to incur blame or censure; लघुतां या to be slighted; प्रकृतिं या to regain one's natural state; निद्रां या to fall asleep; वशं या to submit, go into one's possession; उदयं या to rise; अस्तं या to set, decline; पारं या to reach the other side of, to master, surmount, get over; पदं या to attain to the position of; अग्रे या to go before, take the lead, lead; अधो या to sink; विपर्यासं या to undergo a change, to be changed in appearance; शिरसा महीं या to bend the head down to the ground &c.). -Caus. (यापयति-ते) 1 To cause to go or proceed. -2 To remove, drive away; प्रमदया मदयापितलज्जया R.9.31. -3 To spend, pass (time); तावत् कोकिल विरसान् यापय दिवसान् Bv.1.7; Me.91. -4 To live or spend time with; विनयादिव यापयन्ति ते धृतराष्ट्रात्मजमात्मसिद्धये Ki.2.45. -5 To support, nourish. -6 To give sendoff; स्नेहप्रक्लिन्नहृदयो यापयामास कोशलः Bhāg.1.58.52. -Desid. (यियासति) To wish to go, to be about to go &c. -With अति 1 to go beyond, transgress, violate. -2 to surpass. -अधि to go away or forth; escape; कुतो$ धियास्यसि क्रूर निहतस्तेन पत्रिभिः Bk.8.9.
राज्यम् [राज्ञो भावः कर्म वा, राजन्-यत् नलोपः] 1 Royalty, sovereignty; royal authority; राज्येन किं तद् विपरीतवृत्तेः R. 2.53;4.1. -2 A kingdom, country, an empire; R. 1.58. -3 Rule, reign, government, administration of a kingdom. -Comp. -अङ्गम् a constituent member of the state, a requisite of regal administration; (these are usually said to be seven:- स्वाम्यमात्यसुहृत्कोषराष्ट्रदुर्गबलानि च Ak.). -2 a stronghold. -3 an army. -अधिकारः 1 authority over a kingdom. -2 a right to sovereignty. -अधिदेवता the tutelary deity of a kingdom. -अप- हरणम् usurpation. -अभिषेकः inauguration or coronation of a king. -आश्रममुनिः a pious king, the sage living in the hermitage in the form of the kingdom; पप्रच्छ कुशलं राज्ये राज्याश्रममुनिं मुनिः R.1.58. -उपकरणम् (pl.) the paraphernalia of government. -करः the tribute paid by a tributary prince. -कर्तृ m. 1 an administrator or officer of government. -2 a king. -खण्डम् a country. -च्युत a. deposed or dethroned. -तन्त्रम् the science of government, system of administration, the government or administration of a kingdom; Mu.1. -द्रव्यम् a requisite of sovereignty. -धुरा, -भारः the yoke or burden of government, the responsibility or administration of government. -परि- क्रिया administration. -भाज् a king. -भङ्गः subversion of sovereignty. -भोगः the possession of sovereignty. -भ्रंशः deposition from kingdom, loss of sovereignty. -लक्ष्मीः, -श्रीः the glory of sovereignty. -लोभः greed of dominion, desire of territorial aggrandizement. -विभूतिः power of royalty. -व्यवहारः administration, government business. -सुखम् the sweets of royalty. -स्थितिः government.
लङ्घ् 1 U. (लङ्घति-ते, लङ्घित; desid. लिलङ्घिषति-ते) 1 To spring, leap, go by leaps. -2 To mount upon, ascend; अन्ये चालङ्घिषुः शैलान् Bk.15.32. -3 To go beyond, transgress; लङ्घते स्म मुनिरेष विमानान् N.5.4. -4 To fast, abstain from food. -5 To dry, dry up (P.). -6 To diminish, lessen. -7 To seize upon, attack, eat up, injure; पल्लवान् हरिणो लङ्घितुमागच्छति M.4. -Caus. or 1 U. (लङ्घयति-ते) 1 To leap or spring over, go beyond; सागरः प्लवगेन्द्रेण क्रमेणैकेन लङ्घितः Mb.; Ms.4.38. -2 To pass over, traverse (as distance); अपि लङ्घितमध्वानं बुबुधे न बुधोपमः R.1.47. -3 To mount upon, ascend; नितम्ब- मिव मेदिन्याः स्रस्तांशुकमलङ्घयत् R.4.52. -4 To violate, transgress, disobey; स हि निदेशमलङ्घयतामभूत् सुहृदयोहृदयः प्रतिगर्जताम् R.9.9; Y.2.187. -5 To offend, insult, disrespect, disregard; हस्त इव भूतिमलिनो यथा यथा लङ्घयति खलः सुजनम् । दर्पणमिव तं कुरुते तथा तथा निर्मलच्छायम् ॥ Vās. -6 To prevent, oppose, stop, avoid, avert; भाग्यं न लङ्घयति को$पि विधिप्रणीतम् Subhāṣ; Mk.6.2. -7 To attack, seize upon, injure, hurt; एषा खलु केसरिणी त्वां लङ्घयति Ś.7; नास्ति खलु विधेरलङ्घनीयम् V.4; R.11.92. -8 To eat, browse. -9 To excel, surpass, outshine, eclipse; (यशः) जगत्प्रकाशं तदशेषमिज्यया भवद्गुरुर्लङ्घयितुं ममोद्यतः R.3.48. -1 To cause to fast. -11 To shine. -12 To speak.
वयस् n. [अज्-असुन् वीभावः] 1 Age, any time or period of life; गुणाः पूजास्थानं गुणिषु न च लिङ्गं न च वयः U.4.11; नवं वयः R.2.47; पश्चिमे वयसि 19.1; न खलु वयस्तेजसो हेतुः Bh.2.38; तेजसां हि न वयः समीक्ष्यते R.11.1.; Ku.5.16; Bhāg.1.26.4. -2 Youth, the prime of life; वयसि गते कः कामविकारः Charpaṭa. S.1; Bhāg.8.15.17; वयोगते किं वनिताविलासः Subhāṣ.; so अतिक्रान्तवयाः. -3 A bird in general; स्मरणीयाः समये वयं वयः N.2.62; मृगवयोगवयोप- चितं वनम् R.9.53;2.9; Śi.3.55;11.47. -4 A crow; वयांसि किं न कुर्वन्ति चञ्च्वा खोदरपूरणम् Pt.1.23 (here it may mean 'a bird' also.). -5 Ved. Sacrificial food or oblation. -6 Energy, strength. -7 Health, soundness of constitution. -Comp. -अतिग, -अतीत a. (-वयोतिग &c.) advanced in age, aged, decrepit. -अधिक a. (-वयोधिक) older in age, senior. -अवस्था (वयोवस्था) stage or period of life, measure of age; वयो$वस्थां तस्याः श्रुणुत Māl.9.29. -कर a. causing health and vigour of life, prolonging life. -गत a. 1 come of age. -2 advanced in years; अयमितर आत्मा कृतकृत्यो वयोगतः प्रैति Ait. Up.2.4. (-तम्) the departure of youth. -परिणतिः, -परिणामः ripeness of age; advanced or old age. -प्रमाणम् 1 measure or length of life. -2 duration of life. -बाल a. young in years. -वृद्ध a. (-वयोवृद्ध) old, advanced in years. -संधिः 1 transition from one period of life to another; त्रयो वयःसंधयः. -2 puberty, maturity (period of coming of age). -स्थ a. (-वयःस्थ or -वयस्थ) 1 youthful; नानावर्णविभक्तानां वयःस्थानां तथैव च Rām.1.53.2. -2 grown up mature. -3 strong, powerful. (-स्थ) a friend; contemporary. (-स्था) 1 a female companion. -2 the yellow myrobalan tree. -3 small cardamoms. -स्थानम् firmness of youth. -हानिः f. (-वयोहानिः) 1 loss or decline of youth. -2 loss of youthful vigour.
वासव a. (-वी f.) [वसुरेव स्वार्थे अण् वसूनि सन्त्यस्य अण् वा] 1 Relating to the Vasus. -2 Belonging to Indra; पाण्डुतां वासवी दिगयासीत् K.; वासवीनां चमूनाम् Me.45. -वः N. of Indra; स वासवेनासनसंनिकृष्टमितो निषीदेति विसृष्टभूमिः Ku.3.2; R.5.5. -वम् The constellation Dhaniṣṭhā. -Comp. -अनुजः Viṣṇu or Kṛiṣṇa; स्मितपूर्वमुवाचेदं भगवान् वासुवानुजः Mb.12.46.1. -चापः a rainbow. -दत्ता 1 N. of a work by Subandhu. -2 N. of a heroine of several stories. [Different writers give different accounts of this lady. According to Kathāsaritsāgara she was the daughter of king Chaṇḍamahāsena of Ujjayinī and was carried off by Udayana, king of Vatsa. Śrīharṣa represents her to be the daughter of king Pradyota (see Ratn.1.1.), and, according to Mallinātha's comment on the line प्रद्योतस्य प्रियदुहितरं वत्सराजो$त्र जह्रे she was the daughter of Pradyota, king of Ujjayinī. Bhavabhūti says that she was betrothed by her father to king Sañjaya, but that she offered herself to Udayana; (see Māl.2.). But the Vāsavadattā of Subandhu has nothing in common with the story of Vatsa, except the name of the heroine, as she is represented to have been betrothed by her father to Puṣpaketu, but carried off by Kandarpaketu. It is probable that there were several heroines bearing the name Vāsavadattā.] -दिश् f. the east.
विलङ्घ् 1 U. 1 To pass or spring over, traverse; निवेशयामास विलङ्घिताध्वा R.5.42;16.32; Śi.12.24;8.26. -2 To violate, transgress, overstep, disregard, neglect; गन्तुं प्रवृत्ते समयं विलङ्घ्य Ku.3.25; R.5.48; Ki.2.45; Śi.17.12. -3 To violate the limits of propriety; नृपतेः प्रतिषिद्धमेव तत् कृतवान् पङ्क्तिरथो विलङ्घ्य यत् R.9.74. -4 To rise towards, ascend or go up to; समुदितं न विलङ्घयितुं नभः Ki.5.1; N.5.2. -6 To give up, abandon, leave aside; मनो बबन्धान्यरसान् विलङ्घ्य सा R.3.4. -7 To surpass, excel; इति कर्णोत्पलं प्रायस्तव दृष्ट्या विलङ्घ्यते Kāv.2.224. -8 To cause to fast. -9 To overcome, surmount. -1 To offend, insult.
विशिष् 7 P. 1 To particularize, individualize, specify, define. -2 To distinguish, discriminate. -3 To aggravate, heighten, enhance, intensify; पुनरकाण्डविवर्तनदारुणो विधिरहो विशिनष्टि मनोरुजम् Māl.4.7; U.4.15. -4 To surpass, excel; विशेषको वा विशिशेष यस्याः श्रियं त्रिलोकीतिलकः स एव Śi.3.63. -Pass. 1 To be different from; स्वदेहान्न व्यशिष्यत R.17.62. -2 To be better or higher than, surpass, excel, be preferable or superior to (often with abl.); तस्माद् दुर्गं विशिष्यते H.3.5; Mv.7.39; मौनात् सत्यं विशिष्यते Ms.2.83;3.23; (also with instr. and gen.); सर्वेषामेव दानानां ब्रह्मदानं विशिष्यते Ms.4.233. -Caus. 1 To distinguish, particularize. -2 To surpass, excel; मदनमपि गुणैर्विशेषयन्ती Mk.4.4; M.3.5.
विशेषण a. 1 Attributive. -2 Distinctive; सूक्ष्मं विशेषणं तेषामवेक्षेच्छास्त्रचक्षुषा Mb.12.217.28. -णम् 1 Distinguishing, discrimination, particularization; भावनं ब्रह्मणः स्थानं धारणं सद्विशेषणम् Bhāg.3.26.46. -2 Distinction, difference; स्वानुभूत्या तिरोभूतमायागुणविशेषणम् Bhāg.3.33.25. -3 A word which particularizes, qualifies, or defines another, an adjective, attribute, epithet (opp. विशेष्य); भक्षयतिश्च नञ्विशेषणम् ŚB. on MS.6.2.19; उपपन्नमिदं विशेषणं वायोः V.3; विशेषणैर्यत् साकूतैरुक्तिः परिकरस्तु सः K. P.1. (विशेषण is said to be of three kinds व्यावर्तक, विधेय, and हेतुगर्भ). -4 A distinguishing feature or mark. -5 Species, kind. -6 Surpassing, excelling; अस्य काव्यस्य कवयो न समर्था विशेषणे Mb.1.1.73; पराक्रमे$न्योन्य- विशेषणेन Ki.17.32. -Comp. -असिद्धः N. of a kind of हेत्वाभास. -पदम् a title of honour.
विशेषतस् viśēṣatas विशेषेण viśēṣēṇa विशेषात् viśēṣāt
विशेषतस् विशेषेण विशेषात् ind. 1 Especially, particularly. -2 In proportion to; निःस्वेभ्यो देयमेतेभ्यो दानं विद्याविशेषतः Ms.11.2. -3 Individually, singly.
विश्रवस् m. N. of a son of Pulastya, and father of Rāvaṇa, Kumbhakarṇa, Bibhīṣaṇa and Śūrpaṇakhā by his wife Kaikasī and of Kubera by his wife Iḍāviḍā.
व्यतिरिच् pass. 1 To differ or be separate from. -2 To surpass, excel; lie beyond; स्तुतिभ्यो व्यतिरिच्यन्ते दूराणि चरितानि ते R.1.3. See व्यतिरिक्त below.
व्यतिरेकः 1 Distinction, difference; यथा गन्धस्य भूमश्च न भावो व्यतिरेकतः Bhāg.3.27.18. -2 Separation from. -3 Exclusion, exception. -4 Excellence, surpassing,
excelling. -5 Contrast, dissimilarity. -6 (In logic) Logical discontinuance (opp. अन्वय q. v.); यत्र साध्या- भावस्तत्र हेत्वभाव इति व्यतिरेकव्याप्तिः (e. g. यत्र वह्निर्नास्ति तत्र धूमो नास्ति is an instance of व्यतिरेकव्याप्तिः). -7 (In Rhet.) A figure of speech which consists in representing the Upameya as superior to the Upamāna in some particular respects; उपमानाद्यन्यस्य व्यतिरेकः स एव सः K.P.1. (व्यतिरेकेण means 'except, without'; व्यतिरेके 'on the contrary supposition'.). -Comp. -व्याप्ति see व्यतिरेक (6) above.
व्यत्यस् I. 2 Ā. (व्यतिहे, व्यतिसे, व्यतिस्ते) To excel, surpass, be above or superior to, outweigh; अन्यो व्यतिस्ते तु ममापि धर्मः Bk.2.35. -II. 4 P. To invert, reverse, change upside down; व्यत्यास्य सूतं च रथं च राजा Bu. Ch. 3.53; व्यत्यस्यतां यथाकामं वयसा यो$भिधास्यति Bhāg 9.18. 37. See व्यत्यस्त below.
व्यवहित p. p. 1 Placed apart. -2 Separated by anything intervening; मृदुव्यवहितं तेजो भोक्तुमर्थान् प्रकल्पते Śi.2.85. -3 Interrupted, stopped, obstructed, impeded. -4 Screened from view, hidden, concealed. -5 Not immediately connected. -6 Done, performed. -7 Passed over, omitted. -8 Surpassed, excelled. -9 Hostile; opposed. -1 Remote, distant. -Comp. -कल्पना A mode of construction in which words or phrases which are separated from one another by some other
intervening words, pharses or sentences are constructed together as forming a sentence. This mode is as a general rule not admissible and is worse than even लक्षणा (see व्यवधान); सत्रविश्वजित्सम्बन्धे व्यवहितकल्पना स्यात् ŚB. on MS.6.4.33;7.4.1.
व्यवधारणकल्पना vyavadhāraṇakalpanā
व्यवधारणकल्पना f. A mode of interpreting a sentence where words or expressions connected with one another are treated as being not so connected, disconnecting what is connected; ŚB. on MS.1.2.1; सैषा व्यवधारणकल्पना । तमस्मै भक्षं प्रयच्छेत् तमस्मै भक्षं कुर्यादित्यर्थः ŚB. on MS.3.5.48.
शक्तिः f. [शक्-क्तिन्] 1 (a) Power, ability, capacity, strength, energy, prowess; दैवं निहत्य कुरु पौरुषमात्मशक्त्या Pt.1.361; ज्ञाने मौनं क्षमा शक्तौ R.1.22; so यथाशक्ति, स्वशक्ति &c. (b) Faculty, capacity; स्मरण- शक्ति 'retentive faculty or memory'. -2 Regal power; (it has three parts or elements; 1 प्रभुशक्ति or प्रभावशक्ति' the majesty or pre-eminent position of the king himself'; 2 मंत्रशक्ति 'the power of good counsel'; and 3 उत्साहशक्ति 'the power of energy'); राज्यं नाम शक्तित्रयायत्तम् Dk.; त्रिसाधना शक्तिरिवार्थसंचयम् R.3.13;6.33;17.63; Śi.2.26. -3 The power of composition, poetic power or genius; शक्तिर्निपुणता लोकशास्त्रकाव्याद्यवेक्षणात् K.P.1; see explanation ad loc. -4 The active power of a deity, regarded as his wife, female divinity; (these are variously enumerated, 8, 9 or even 5 being mentioned); स जयति परिणद्धः शक्तिभिः शक्तिनाथः Māl.5.1; Ś.7.35. -5 A kind of missile; शक्तिखण्डामर्षतेन गाण्डीविनोक्तम् Ve. 3; ततो विभेद पौलस्त्यः शक्त्या वक्षसि लक्ष्मणम् R.12.77. -6 A spear, dart, pike, lance. -7 (In phil.) The relation of a term to the thing designated. -8 The power inherent in cause to produce its necessary effect. -9 (In Rhet.) The power or signification of a word; (these are three अभिधा, लक्षणा and व्यञ्जना); तिस्रः शब्दस्य शक्तयः S. D.11. -1 The expressive power or denotation of a word (opp. लक्षणा and व्यञ्जना); it is thus defined:-- अस्माच्छब्दादयमर्थो बोद्धव्य इत्याकारको$नादिसंकेतः शक्तिः Tarka. K. -11 The female organ, the counterpart of the Phallus of &Saucte;iva worshipped by a sect of people called Śāktas. -12 A sword. -13 An implement in gambling. -Comp. -अर्धः perspiring and panting through fatigue or exertion. -अपेक्ष, -अपेक्षिन् a. having regard to strength; षाड्गुण्यमुपयुञ्जीत शक्त्यपेक्षो रसायनम् Śi.2.93. -कुण्ठनम् the deadening of a power. -ग्रह a. 1 apprehending the force or meaning. -2 armed with a spear. -(हः) 1 apprehension of the force, meaning, or acceptation of a word. -2 a spearman, lancer. -3 an epithet of Śiva. -4 of Kārtikeya. -ग्राहक a. determining or establishing the meaning of a word. (-कः) epithet of Kārtikeya. -त्रयम् the three constituent elements of regal power; see शक्ति (2) above. -धर a. strong, powerful. -(रः) 1 a spearman. -2 an epithet of Kārtikeya; ततस्तामेव चोत्कृष्य शक्तिं शक्तिधरप्रियः Rām. 7.8.11. -ध्वजः N. of Kārtikeya; शक्तिध्वजशिखरशूलोत्सेधं सौधमागतम् Dk.2.5. -नाथः N. of Śiva; स जयति परिणद्धः शक्तिभिः शक्तिनाथः Māl.5.1. -पर्णः Alstonia Scholaris. (Mar. सातवीण). -पाणिः, -भृत् m. 1 a spearman. -2 an epithet of Kārtikeya. -पातः 1 prostration of strength. -2 In Yoga philosophy, a spiritual procedure,
by which the preceptor puts his strength (spiritual power) in his pupil. -पूजकः a Śākta q. v. -पूजा the worship of Śakti. -पूर्वः an epithet of Parāśara. -वैकल्यम् loss of strength, debility, incapacity. -हीन a. powerless, weak, impotent. -हेतिकः a lancer, spearman.
समतिक्रम् 1 U. 1 To go completely beyond, cross or step over. -2 To neglect, disregard, violate. -3 To surpass, excel. -4 To elapse, pass by (as time).
समधिगम् 1 P. 1 To approach. -2 To study, यथा यथा हि पुरुषः शास्त्रं समधिगच्छति Ms.4.2. -3 To get, acquire; यत्ते समधिगच्छन्ति यस्यैते तस्य तद्धनम् Ms.8.416. -4 To excel, surpass.
समुद्धृ 1 U. 1 To raise or lift up. -2 To save, extricate, deliver, rescue. -3 To extract, take or draw out. -4 To pull up by the roots, root out, extirpate. -5 To extol, praise, honour.
हस् 1 P. (हसति, हसित) 1 To smile, laugh (gently); हससि यदि किंचिदपि दन्तरुचिकौमुदी हरति दरतिमिरमतिघोरम् Gīt.1; Bk.7.63;14.93. -2 To laugh at, mock, ridicule (with acc.); यमवाप्य विदर्भभूः प्रभुं हसति द्यामपि शक्रभर्तृकाम् N.2.16. -3 (Hence) To surpass, excel, throw into the back-ground; यो जहासेव वासुदेवम् K.; Śi.1.71. -4 To resemble; श्रिया हसद्भिः कमलानि सस्मितैः Ki.8.44. -5 To jest, joke. -6 To open, bloom, blow; हसद्बन्धुजीवप्रसूनैः. -7 To brighten up, or to clear up; भास्वा- नुदेष्यति हसिष्यति चक्रवालम् Subhāṣ. -Caus. (हासयति-ते) To cause to smile; प्रमथमुखविकारैर्हासयामास गूढम् Ku.7.95.
हारित p. p. 1 Caused to be taken or seized. -2 Presented, offered. -3 Attracted. -4 Robbed, carried. -5 Lost; हतः शत्रुः कृतं मित्रं रत्नमाला न हारिता Pt.5.85. -6 Surpassed, exceeded. -तः 1 The green colour. -2 A kind of pigeon; कांस्यं हृत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिर्हारितो जायते नरः Mb.13.111.12.
हृ 1 U. (हरति-ते, जहार, जहे, अहार्षीत्, अहृत, हरिष्यति-ते, हर्तुम्, हृत; pass. ह्रियते) 1 To take, carry, convey, lead, (often used with two accusatives in this sense); अजां ग्रामं हरति ŚK.; संदेशं मे हर धनपतिक्रोधवश्लेषितस्य Me.7; Ms.4.74. -2 To carry off or away, take or draw to a distance; हरामि रामसौमित्री मृगो भूत्वा मृगद्युवौ Bk.5.47. -3 To take away, rob, plunder, steal; दुर्वृत्ता जारजन्मानो हरिष्यन्तीति शङ्कया Bv.4.45; R.3.39; Ku.2.47; Bk.2.39; Ms. 7.43. -4 To strip off, deprive of, despoil, take away; वृन्ताद्श्लथं हरति पुष्पमनोकहानाम् R.5.69; Bk.15.116; Ms.8. 334. -5 To take away, cure, destroy; उत्कण्ठां तां हरिष्यामि मेघलेखामिबानिलः Rām.7.4.19; तथापि हरते तापं लोकानामुन्नतो घनः Bv.1.39; R.15.24; Me.31. -6 To attract, captivate, win over, influence, subdue, enchant; चेतो न कस्य हरते गतिरङ्गनायाः Bv.2.157; ये भावा हृदयं हरन्ति 1.13; तवास्मि गीतरागेण हारिणा प्रसभं हृतः Ś.1.5; हरति मे हरिवाहनदिङ्मुखम् V.3.6; मृगया जहार चतुरेव कामिनी R.9.69;1.83; Ṛs. 6.21; इन्द्रियाणि प्रमाथीनि हरन्ति प्रसभं मनः Bg.2.6;6.44; Ms.6.59. -7 To gain, acquire, obtain; ततो विंशं नृपो हरेत् Ms.8.391,153; Y.2.123; स हरतु सुभगपताकाम् Dk. -8 To have, possess; अङ्गैः सुकुमारतरैः सा कुसुमानां श्रियं हरति Bv.2.163. -9 To surpass, eclipse; त्वां हरन्तीं श्रियं हरति Bk.5.71. -1 To marry; पित्रे न दद्याच्छुल्कं तु कन्यामृतुमतीं हरन् Ms.9.93. -11 To divide. -12 To cast, throw (as an arrow). -13 To accept, receive, inherit. -14 To offer. -Caus. (हारयति-ते) 1 To cause to take, carry or convey, send (something) by one, (with acc. or instr.); मृत्यं मृत्येन वा भारं हारयति Sk.; जीमूतेन स्वकुशलमयीं हारयिष्यन् प्रवृत्तिम् Me.4; Ms.8.114; Ku.2. 39. -2 To cause to be taken away, to lose, be deprived of. -3 To give away. -Desid. (जिहीर्षति-ते) To wish to take &c. -II. 3 P. (जिहर्ति) To take by force.
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