Select your preferred input and type any Sanskrit or English word. Enclose the word in “” for an EXACT match e.g. “yoga”.
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| a | rarely an expletive (see a-kupya-, a-pūpa-). According to  , the accent may be optionally either on the first or last syllable in certain compounds formed with a- (as /a-tīkṣṇa-or a-tīkṣṇ/a-, /a-śuci-or a-śuc/i-, /an-anna-or an-ann/a-)  | ||||||
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| a | see also /a-tūrta- and a-t/ūrta-, /a-bhinna- and a-bhinn/a-, etc. | ||||||
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| abhibhañj | (parasmE-pada genitive case plural f. -bhañjatīn/ām-) to break down, destroy  | ||||||
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| abhinakṣ | -n/akṣati- (perf 3. pl. -nanakṣ/uḥ-; parasmE-pada P. -n/akṣat- A1. -n/akṣamāṇa-) to approach, come to, arrive at  | ||||||
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| abhiprahan | (3. plural -ghn/anti-) to overpower | ||||||
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| abhiṣah | ( sah-), (perf. subjunctive -sās/ahat- preceding 2. sg. -sāsahīṣṭh/ās-, parasmE-pada P. -sāhv/as-and A1. -sehān/a-) to overpower, conquer ; (Aorist A1.1. sg. -asākṣi-) to gain, win ; to tolerate, allow, pardon, (Passive voice -sahyate-)  | ||||||
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| abhisaṃjñā | (3. plural -jānate- subjunctive -jān/āntai- imperfect tense -ajānata-) to agree, allow, concede anything (dative case) to (accusative)  | ||||||
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| abhisaṃvid | A1. (pr. p. -vidān/a-) to meet each other ([ ]) ("to relate, explain"commentator or commentary) | ||||||
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| abhiśnath | to pierce through, (Vedic or Veda infinitive mood [ ablative ] -śn/athaḥ-[with abibhet-,he was afraid] of being pierced through) ; ( , combining abhi-śn/athaḥ-with v/ajrāt-,takes abhiśn/ath-as an adjective (cf. mfn.)"piercing through, killing") .  | ||||||
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| abhivaś | -vaṣṭi- (perf. A1. -vāvaśe-, parasmE-pada 1. -vāvaśān/a- ;for 2. -vāvaśān/a-See abhi- : P. A1. to long for, desire  | ||||||
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| abhivāś | (Aorist 3. plural -avāvaśanta-; perf. 3. plural -vavāśire-,or -vāvaśre-, plural .2. -vāvaśān/a-[ ; see abhi- | ||||||
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| abhiyudh | (proper subjunctive 2. sg. -y/udhyās-; Aorist 2. sg. -yodhīs-,3. sg. -/ayodhīt-,2. dual number -yodhiṣṭam-,p. -yodhān/a-) to fight against (accusative) ; to acquire by fighting ; to fight  | ||||||
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| abhyañj | P. to smear, anoint etc.: A1. to anoint one's self: A1. (3. plural abhy /añjate-) to decorate : A1. -aṅkt/e-, to decorate one's self (quoted in ) ; (in Passive voice sense; parasmE-pada -añjān/a-) to be decorated  | ||||||
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| abhyaś | -aśnoti-, (frequently Opt. or preceding 1. sg. -aśyām-,3. sg. -aśyās-[ ] , 1. plural -aśyāma-; Aorist P. -ānaṭ-and A1. -/āṣṭa-; perf. 1. plural -ānaśma-,3. plural -ānaś/uḥ-) to pervade, reach to, gain ; (subjunctive 1. dual number -aśn/avāva-,1. plural -aśn/avāma-) to overpower  | ||||||
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| abhyud | (parasmE-pada -und/at-;Imper. 2. plural -un/atta-[for untt/a-See Whitney's grammar section 690]) to wet, flow over  | ||||||
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| abhyūrṇu | abhy-/ūrṇoti- (Imper. 2. sg. -ūrṇuhi-) to cover, conceal : A1. -ūrṇut/e- (parasmE-pada f. -urṇvān/ā-) to cover or conceal one's self  | ||||||
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| ādā | A1. -datte-, () , Epic also rarely P. (exempli gratia, 'for example' 1. sg. -dadmi-,or -dadāmi-), Ved. generally A1. ([Pot. 1. plural -dadīmahi-; imperfect tense 3. sg. ā -d/adāna- ]) , but also P. (imperfect tense sg. ā) "to give to one's self", take, accept, receive from (locative case instrumental case or ablative) etc. ; to seize, take away, carry off, rob ; to take back, reclaim ; to take off or out from (ablative), separate from (ablative) ; to take or carry away with one's self, (Potential P.1. sg. -dadīyam -!) ; to seize, grasp, take or catch hold of etc. ; to put on (clothes) ; to take as food or drink (with genitive case) (perf. Passive voice 3. sg. -dade-) ; (with accusative) ; to undertake, begin etc. ; to choose (a path) ; (with vacanam-etc.) to begin to speak etc. ; to begin to speak or to recite (see punar-ādāyam-) ; to offer (as oblations) (irreg. pr. p. -dadāyat-) ; to perceive, notice, feel ; to keep in mind ; to accept, approve of : Causal (ind.p. -dāpya-) to cause one to take : Desiderative A1. (imperfect tense 3. plural /ā ; to be on the point of taking (the hand of) ; to be about to take to one's self | ||||||
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| adhinam | Intensive A1. -n/amnate-, to incline over  | ||||||
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| adhyapavic | -vin/akti-, to put into by singling out from  | ||||||
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| adya | n. (am-) in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' (see ann/adya-, havir adya-) food.  | ||||||
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| ahan | n. the base of the weak and some other cases of /ahar-, q.v exempli gratia, 'for example' instrumental case /ahnā- ([once ahan/ā- ])  | ||||||
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| ājñā | -jānāti- (imperative 2. plural -jānīta-; perf. -jajñau-;p. jān/at-) to mind, perceive, notice, understand ; (see /an-ājānat-): Caus. -jñāpayati-, te- (Inf. -jñaptum- ) to order, command, direct etc. ; to assure | ||||||
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| ākna | (fr. ā | ||||||
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| akṣānah | mfn. (the vowel lengthened as in upā-n/ah-,etc.) tied to the axle of a car  | ||||||
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| amṇas | ind. = amn/as-,  | ||||||
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| amṛtopastaraṇa | n. an imperishable substratum (see amptā | ||||||
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| anagnatā | (a-nagn/a--) f. the not being naked  | ||||||
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| ānam | P. (3. plural /ā-namanti- etc.; infinitive mood -n/amam- ) A1. (imperative 3. plural /ānamantām- ) to bend down, bend, bow, incline etc. ; to do homage, salute reverently etc. ; to condescend ; to be propitious (as gods to men) ; to bring near ; to bend towards or near ; to subdue : Causal -nāmayati- and -namayati-, to inflect, bend (a bow), cause to bend, subdue  | ||||||
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| ānana | See under ān/a- above.  | ||||||
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| anaśanatā | (anaśan/a--) f. not eating  | ||||||
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| anāyatana | n. or an-āyatan/a- that which is not really a resting-place or an altar  | ||||||
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| anāyatana | mfn. (an-āyatan/a-) having no resting-place or altar | ||||||
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| ānī | P. -nayati- (1. plural /ā-nayāmasi- ; imperative 2. sg. /ā-naya-,3. sg. /ā-nayatu-; perfect tense /ā-nināya- ,and ā-nin/āya- ; infinitive mood -netav/ai- ) A1. (1. sg. -naye- ) to lead towards or near ; to bring, carry to a place (accusative or locative case) ; to fetch etc. ; (perf. periphr. -nayāmāsa- ) to cause to bring or fetch ; to bring back or take back ; to pour in, mix in etc. ; to bring any one to, reduce to any state ; to deduce, calculate ; to use, employ, prove: Causal P. -nāyayati-, to cause to be brought or fetched or led near etc.: Desiderative -ninīṣati-, to intend or wish to bring near | ||||||
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| añj | cl.7 P. A1. an/akti-, aṅkt/e-, ā- nañja-, añjiṣyati- or aṅkṣyati-, āñjīt-, añjitum- or aṅktum-, to apply an ointment or pigment, smear with, anoint ; to decorate, prepare ; to honour, celebrate ; to cause to appear, make clear ; to be beautiful ; to go : Causal añjayat-, āñjijat-, to smear with ; to speak ; to shine ; to cause to go ([ confer, compare Latin ungo]).  | ||||||
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| annasaṃdeha | (ann/a--), m. cementing of food,  | ||||||
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| anupaś | P. A1. -paśyati-, te-, to look at, perceive, notice, discover etc. ; to consider, reflect upon (accusative) etc. ; to look upon as, take as ; (perf. A1. parasmE-pada -paspaśān/a-) to show (as the path) ()  | ||||||
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| anuprajñā | (pr. p. -jān/at-) to track, trace, discover | ||||||
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| āp | cl.5 P. āpn/oti- ([ ,etc.]), (perf. āpa- Aorist āpat- future āpsyati- infinitive mood āptum-) A1. (perf. 3. plural āpir/e- , parasmE-pada perfect tense āpān/a- ,but also present tense parasmE-pada /āpnāna- ) to reach, overtake, meet with, fall upon etc. ; to obtain, gain, take possession of etc. etc. ; to undergo, suffer ; to fall, come to any one ; to enter, pervade, occupy ; to equal: Passive voice āpyate-, to be reached or found or met with or obtained ; to arrive at one's aim or end, become filled etc.: Causal P. āpayati-, to cause to reach or obtain or gain etc. ; to cause any one to suffer ; to hit : Desiderative P. and A1. īpsati- and īpsate- ([ ]) to strive to reach or obtain etc.: Desiderative of the Causal āpipayiṣati-, to strive to reach ; ([probably connected with 1. ap-; confer, compare apna-; Greek , ; Latin apiscor, aptus-, ops-; Old German uoban; modern German üben.]) | ||||||
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| apahan | (subjunctive 3. sg. -han-;Imper. 2. sg. -jah/i-,2. dual number -hatam-;2. plural -hat/ā-,or -hata-; perf. -jagh/āna-; pr. p. -ghn/at-; Intensive p. Nominal verb m. -j/aṅghanat-) to beat off, ward off, repel, destroy  | ||||||
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| apān | ( ]) to breathe out, expire ; pr. p. apā  | ||||||
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| apavācana | n. See an-apavācan/a-.  | ||||||
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| āpiś | P. (imperative 2. plural /ā-piṃśata- ), A1. (parasmE-pada -piśān/a- ) to decorate, ornament, colour.  | ||||||
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| arcanas | mfn. (fr. arcā-below),"one whose nose is like that of an idol" and on ([The rule perhaps originally meant to explain the above N. arcan/ā | ||||||
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| aś | (in classical Sanskrit only) A1. aśnute- (Aorist 3. plural āśiṣata- ; perf. ānaśe- Vedic forms are: aśnoti-,etc.; subjunctive aśnavat-,etc.; Aorist P. ānaṭ- (2. & 3. sg.,frequently in )and A1. aṣṭa-or /āṣṭa-,3. plural āśata-(frequently in )or /ākṣiṣur-[ ] subjunctive /akṣat-[ ] Potential 1. plural aśema- preceding aśyās-(2. & 3. sg.) etc. Potential A1.1. sg. aśīya-and plural aśīmahi-, Imper. aṣṭu-[ ]; perf. ānaṃśa-(thrice in )or ānāśa-[ ] or āśa-[ ] , 2. plural ānaś/a-3. plural ānaś/uh-(frequently in )or āśuh-[ ] A1. ānaś/o- subjunctive 1. plural a anaśāmahai-[ ] Potential 1. sg. ānasyām-, parasmE-pada ānaśān/a-[ ];Inf. aṣṭave- ) to reach, come to, reach, come to, arrive at, get, gain, obtain etc. ; (said of an evil, aṃhati-, /aṃhas-, gr/āhi-) to visit ; to master, become master of. ; to offer ; to enjoy ; to pervade, penetrate, fill ; to accumulate : Desiderative aśiśiṣate- Intensive aśāśyate-  | ||||||
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| aś | aśn/āti- (Potential aśnīyāt-; parasmE-pada aśn/at-(See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 1. aśna-); Aorist subjunctive aśīt- ; future parasmE-pada aśiṣy/at- , perf. /āsa- ; perf. p. āśivas-See /an-āśvas- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order /an-āsaka-; Pass.p. aśy/amāna- ) to eat, consume (with accusative [this only in classical Sanskrit] or genitive case) etc. ; to enjoy : Causal āśayati- (; Aorist āśiśat- ) to cause to eat, feed ; (with double accusative; see ) ; (see /āśita-): Desiderative /aśiśiṣā) to wish to eat : Intensive aśāśyate- | ||||||
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| ās | cl.2 A1. /āste- (and /āsate- ; imperative 2. sg. ās-sva-, āsva-,and āsasva-;2. plural ādhvam-; parasmE-pada āsān/a-, āsat-[ ],and āsīna-[see below]; āsāṃ-cakre-[ ]; āsiṣyate-; āsiṣṭa-; āsitum-) to sit, sit down, rest, lie etc. ; to be present ; to exist ; to inhabit, dwell in ; to make one's abode in etc. ; to sit quietly, abide, remain, continue etc. ; to cease, have an end etc. ; to solemnize, celebrate ; to do anything without interruption ; to continue doing anything ; to continue in any situation ; to last ; (it is used in the sense of"continuing" , with a participle, adjective (cf. mfn.),or substantive exempli gratia, 'for example' etat sāma gāyann āste-,"he continues singing this verse";with an indeclinable participle in tvā-, ya-,or am- exempli gratia, 'for example' upa-rudhya arim āsīta-,"he should continue blockading the foe";with an adverb exempli gratia, 'for example' tūṣṇīm āste-,"he continues quiet"; sukham āsva-,"continue well";with an inst. case exempli gratia, 'for example' sukhenā : Desiderative A1. āsisiṣate- ; ([ confer, compare Greek , ()-, -: Latin a7sachanged toA7ra;A7-nusforA7s-nus.])  | ||||||
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| asan | n. Ved the base of some cases (viz. instrumental case asn/ā- genitive case ablative asn/as- genitive case plural asn/ām-) of /asṛj- q.v  | ||||||
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| āsana | n. (but āsan/a- ) sitting, sitting down | ||||||
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| āśīna | mfn. = āśin/a- (parasmE-pada 157),  | ||||||
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| āskabh | P. (-skabhn/āti- ) to fix firmly into, stick into.  | ||||||
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| aṣṭāstanā | (aṣṭ/ā--) f. equals aṣṭa-stan/ā- q.v TS | ||||||
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| āsū | P. /ā-suvati- | ||||||
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| āsvid | A1. (parasmE-pada perfect tense -siṣvidān/a- ) to sweat, perspire.  | ||||||
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| ātāna | m. an extended cord, string, etc. (vocative case) (see ekā | ||||||
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| atimānita | mfn. see atimān/a- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ati-.  | ||||||
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| avadhū | Ved. P. (Imper. 2. sg. -dhūnuhi-,2. plural -dhūnutā-) to shake off or out or down etc.: A1. (2. sg. -dhūnuṣ/e-; imperfect tense 2. sg. -dhūnuthās-; Aorist -adhūṣata-; perf. Potential -dudhuvīta-; parasmE-pada -dhūnvān/a-) to shake off (as enemies or evil spirits or anything disagreeable), frighten away : Causal (Potential -dhūnayet-) to shake  | ||||||
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| avapanna | mfn. See keśa-kīṭā | ||||||
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| bādh | cl.1 A1. () bādhat/e-, Epic and mc. also P. ti- (perfect tense babādh/e- ; Aorist bādhiṣṭa- , bādhiṣṭām- ; future bādhiṣyate-, ti- etc., bādhitā- grammar; infinitive mood b/ādhe- , bādhitum- ; ind.p. bādhitvā-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order, b/ādhya- ), to press, force, drive away, repel, remove etc. ; (with v/arīyas-) to force asunder ; to harass, pain, trouble, grieve, vex etc. ; to resist, oppose, check, stop, prevent etc. ; to set aside (as a rule), annul, invalidate etc. ; to suffer annoyance or oppression : Passive voice bādhyate-, to be pressed etc. ; to be acted upon, suffer : Causal bādhayati- (Aorist ababādhat- ), to oppress, harass, attack, trouble, vex : Desiderative bibādhiṣate-, to wish to remove or chase away ; bhatsate-, to feel an aversion for, loathe, shrink from (ablative) etc. (see ) Intensive bābadhe- (See pra- ; pr. p. badbadhān/a-, striking, knocking against (accusative) ; hemmed in, pent up, [Cf. | ||||||
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| bandh | cl.9 P. () badhn/āti- (rarely A1. badhnīt/e-; cl.1 P. A1. bandhati-, te- ; cl.4 P. badhyati- ; imperative badhāna- , bandhāna- , -badhnīhi- , bandha- ; perfect tense P. bab/andha-,3. plural bedh/us- , babandhus- ; A1. bedh/e-, dhir/e- , babandhe- grammar; future bhantsyati- etc., bandhiṣyati-, te- ; banddhā- grammar; Aorist abhāntsīt- grammar; preceding badhyāt- ; infinitive mood banddhum-,or bandhitum- , b/adhe- ind.p. baddhv/ā- , dhv/āya- , -badhya- ; -bandham- ), to bind, tie, fix, fasten, chain, fetter etc. ; to bind round, put on (;later also P."on one's self") etc. ; to catch, take or hold captive, met. = to attach to world or to sin ; to fix, direct, fasten, rivet (eyes, ears or mind) on (locative case or infinitive mood) ; to arrest, hold back, restrain, suppress, stop, shut, close ; to bind a sacrificial victim, offer, sacrifice (with dative case of the deity to whom it is presented) : ; to punish, chastise ; to join, unite, put together or produce anything in this way, exempli gratia, 'for example' fold (the hands), clench (the fist), knit or bend (the eyebrows), arrange, assume (a posture), set up (a limit), construct (a dam or a bridge), span, bridge over (a river), conceive or contract (friendship or enmity), compose, construct (a poem or verse) etc. ; to form or produce in any way, cause, effect, do, make, bear (fruit), strike (roots), take up (one's abode) ; to entertain, cherish, show, exhibit, betray (joy, resolution etc.) : Passive voice badhy/ate- (ti- ), to be bound etc. etc. ; (especially) to be bound by the fetters of existence or evil, sin again ; to be affected by id est experience, suffer (instrumental case) : Causal bandhayati- (Aorist ababandhat-), to cause to bind or catch or capture, imprison etc. ; to cause to be built or constructed ; to cause to be embanked or dammed up ; to bind together (also bādhayati-) : Desiderative bibhantsati- grammar : Intensive bābanddhi-, bābadhyate- [ confer, compare Zend band; Greek , ; Latin foedus,fides; Lit.be4ndras; Gothic Anglo-Saxon bindan; German binden; English bind.] | ||||||
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| bhī | cl.3 P. () bibh/eti- (dual number bibhītas-or bibhitas- Potential bibhīyāt-or bibhiyāt- ; Potential 3. plural bibhyeyuḥ- ; imperfect tense 3. plural abibhayuḥ- ; Epic also A1.1. sg. bibhye-and and P.3. sg. bibhyati- plural bibhyanti-;Ved. also cl.1 A1. bh/ayate-,and accord, to ,cl.10. P. bhāyayati-; perfect tense bibhāya-,3. plural bibhyuḥ- etc.; bībhāya- ; bibhay/āṃ cakara- confer, compare ; Aorist abhaiṣīt-, ṣma-, ṣuḥ- etc., 2. sg. bhaiṣīs- , bhais- etc., especially in mābhais-,"do not be afraid";once for plural equals mā bhaiṣṭa- ; bhes- ; bhema- , parasmE-pada A1. bhiyān/a- ,; future bhetā- grammar;cond, abheṣyat- ; infinitive mood bhiy/ase- ; bhetum- etc.) , to fear, be afraid of (ablative or genitive case,rarely instr, or accusative) etc. ; to fear for, be anxious about (ablative) : Passive voice bhīyate-, Aorist , abhāyi- grammar : Causal bhīṣ/ayate- ( etc.; confer, compare ), bhīṣayati- (;once mc. bhiṣ- ; parasmE-pada bhīṣayāṇa- ; Aorist bībhiṣaḥ- , ṣathāḥ- ), bhāyayati-, te- (; Potential bhāyayes- ; varia lectio bhīṣayes-; Aorist bībhayat-, /abībhayanta- ; ind.p. -bhāyya- ), bhāpayate- (), to terrify, put in a fright, intimidate etc. etc.: Desiderative bibhīṣati- grammar : Intensive bebhīyate-, bebhayīti-, bebheti- [ confer, compare  | ||||||
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| bhid | cl.7.P. A1. () bhin/atti-, bhintte- (imperfect tense 2. 3. sg. /abhinat- ; subjunctive bhin/aadaḥ- ; imperative bindh/i- ; binddhi- [ confer, compare binddhi-lavaṇā-];cl.1. P. bh/edati- ; Potential bhideyam- ; perfect tense bibh/eda- ; Aorist , 2. 3. sg. bh/et- abhaitsīt- ; bhitthās- ; preceding bhitsīṣṭa- grammar; future bhetsy/ati-, te- etc.; Conditional abhetsyat- ; future bhettā- grammar; infinitive mood bh/ettav/ai- ; bhettum- etc.; ind.p. bhittv/ā-, -bhidya- etc.) , to split, cleave, break, cut or rend asunder, pierce, destroy etc.,; to pass through (as a planet or, comet) ; to disperse (darkness) ; to transgress, violate, (a compact or alliance) etc. ; to open, expand ; to loosen, disentangle, dissolve etc. ; to disturb, interrupt, stop ; to disclose, betray etc. ; to disunite, set at variance ; to distinguish, discriminate : Passive voice bhidy/ate- (Epic also ti- Aorist abhedi- etc.; perfect tense bibhide- ), to be split or broken, burst (intrans.) etc. ; to be opened (as a closed hand, eyes etc.) ; to overflow (as water) ; to be loosened, become loose ; to be stopped or interrupted ; to be disclosed or betrayed ; to be changed or altered (in mind), be won over ; to be disunited ; to keep aloof from (instrumental case) ; to be distinguished, differ from (ablative) etc.: Causal bhedayati-, te- (Aorist abībhidat-; confer, compare also bhidāpana-), to cause to split or break etc. ; to split, break, shatter, crush, destroy ; to separate, divide (See bhedita-) ; to disunite, set at variance, perplex, unsettle (in opinion), seduce, win over : Desiderative b/ibhitsati-, te-, to wish to break through or disperse or defeat (confer, compare, bibhitsā-): Desiderative of Causal See bibhedayiṣu-: Intensive bebhidīti- or bebhetti-, to cleave repeatedly [ confer, compare Latin findo; German beissen; English bite.] | ||||||
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| bhuj | cl.7 P.A1. () bhun/akti-, bhuṅkt/e- (rarely cl.6 P. A1. bhuñjati-, te- ;3. plural A1. bhuñjat/e- ; Potential P. bhuñjīyāt- ; perfect tense A1. bubhuj/e-, jm/ahe-, jrir/e- plural P. juḥ- ; Aorist abhaukṣīt-, abhnkta- grammar; bh/ojam-, bh/ojate-, bhujema- ; bhukṣiṣīya- ; future bhokṣyati-, te- etc.; bhoktā- ; infinitive mood bh/ojase-, bh/ujam-, bhuje- : bhoktum- etc.; ind.p. bhuktvā-or bhuṅktvā- ) . to enjoy, use, possess, (especially) enjoy a meal, eat, eat and drink, consume (mostly A1.;in Vedic or Veda generally with instrumental case,later with accusative) etc. ; to enjoy (carnally) ; to make use of, utilize, exploit etc. ; (with pṛthivīm-, mahīm-etc.) to take possession of, rule, govern etc. ; to suffer, experience, undergo, be requited or rewarded for (accusative) or at the hands of (genitive case) etc. ; (P.) to be of use or service to (accusative) ; to pass, live through, last (a time) ; (in astronomy) to pass through, fulfil : Passive voice bhujyate- (Aorist abhoji-), to be enjoyed or eaten or possessed or made use of etc.: Causal bhojayati- (te-, mc.; confer, compare ;once bhuñjāpayati- varia lectio; Aorist abūbhujat-, jata- grammar), to cause to enjoy or eat, feed with (two accusative or accusative of Persian and instrumental case of thing; confer, compare ) etc. ; etc. ; to use as food : Desiderative bubhukṣati- (once), te-, to wish to eat, be hungry ; to wish to enjoy or partake of (confer, compare bubhukṣā-, kṣita-, kṣu-): Intensive bobhujyate-, to be eaten frequently ; bobhokti- and bobhujīti-, to eat or enjoy frequently grammar ([ confer, compare Latin fungor.]) | ||||||
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| bradhnaloka | (bradhn/a--) mfn. being in the world of the sun  | ||||||
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| budh | cl.1 P. A1. () bo b/udhyate- (Epic also P. ti-; perfect tense P. bubodha- ; subjunctive b/ubodhati- ; A1. bubudh/e-, parasmE-pada bubudhān/a- ; Aorist P. subjunctive bodhiṣat- ; imperative bodhi- ; A1.3 plural abudhram-, ran-; parasmE-pada budhān/a- subjunctive budh/anta- ; abhutsi- ; preceding A1. bhutsīṣṭa- ; future bhotsyati-, te- etc.; boddhā- grammar; ind.p. buddhvā- ; -budhya- etc.; infinitive mood b/udhe- ; budh/i- ; boddhum- etc.) , to wake, wake up, be awake etc. ; to recover consciousness (after a swoon) (Aorist Passive voice abodhi-) ; to observe, heed, attend to (with accusative or genitive case) ; to perceive, notice, learn, understand, become or be aware of or acquainted with etc. ; to think of id est present a person ("with" instrumental case) ; to know to be, recognize as (with two accusative) etc. ; to deem, consider or regard as (with two accusative) : Passive voice budhyate- (Aorist abodhi-), to be awakened or restored to consciousness ; See above: Causal bodh/ayati-, te- (Aorist abūbudhat-; Passive voice bodhyate-), to wake up, arouse, restore to life or consciousness etc. ; to revive the scent (of a perfume) ; to cause (a flower) to expand ; to cause to observe or attend, admonish, advise etc. ; to make a person acquainted with, remind or inform of. impart or communicate anything to (with two accusative) etc.: Desiderative bubhutsati-, te- (grammar also bubodhiṣati-, te-,and bubudhiṣati-, te-), to wish to observe, desire to become acquainted with : Desiderative of Causal See bibodhayiṣu- and bubodhayiṣu-: Intensive bobudhīti- (grammar also bobudhyate-, boboddhi-), to have an insight into, understand thoroughly (with accusative) [ confer, compare Zend bud; Greek for () in, Slavonic or Slavonian bu8de8ti,bu8dru8; Lithuanian bude4ti,budru4s; Gothic biudan; German biotan,bieten; Anglo-Saxon be4odan; English bid.] | ||||||
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| budhnavat | (budhn/a--) mfn. having a foot or basis  | ||||||
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| bundh | cl.10 P. bundhayati-, to bind (see bun/a-). | ||||||
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| cana | ind. (ca n/a- ) and not, also not, even not, not even (this particle is placed after the word to which it gives force;a preceding verb is accentuated[ ];in Vedic language it is generally, but not always, found without any other negative particle, whereas in the later language another negative is usually added exempli gratia, 'for example' /āpaś can/apr/a minanti vrat/aṃ vāṃ-,"not even the waters violate your ordinance" ; n/ā etc. also  | ||||||
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| car | cl.1. c/arati-, rarely te- (subjunctive c/arat-,3 plural c/arān- ; perf. cac/āra-[ etc.] , 2 sg. cacartha- ; plural cerur-,etc.; ratur- etc.; A1. cere- ; future cariṣyati-, te-; Aorist acārīt-[ ]; infinitive mood c/aritum-[ ]or cartum-[ ] , Vedic or Veda car/adhyai-[ ], c/aritave-[ ], car/ase-[ ], car/āyai-[ ], caritos-[ ]; ind.p. caritv/ā- ; cartvā- ; cīrtvā-, ; parasmE-pada c/arat-) to move one's self, go, walk, move, stir, roam about, wander (said of men, animals, water, ships, stars, etc.) etc. ; to spread, be diffused (as fire) ; to move or travel through, pervade, go along, follow etc. ; to behave, conduct one's self, act, live, treat (with instrumental case or locative case) etc. ; to be engaged in, occupied or busy with (instr exempli gratia, 'for example' yajñ/ena c-,"to be engaged in a sacrifice" ) etc. ; (with[ ]or without[ ] mithun/am-) to have intercourse with, have to do with (instrumental case) ; (with a parasmE-pada or adjective (cf. mfn.) or ind.p. or adverb) to continue performing or being (exempli gratia, 'for example' arcantaś cerur-,"they continued worshipping"; svāminam avajñāya caret-,"he may go on despising his master") etc. ; (in astronomy) to be in any asterism or conjunction ; to undertake, set about, under go, observe, practise, do or act in general, effect, make (exempli gratia, 'for example' vrat/āni-"to observe vows" etc.; vighnaṃ c-,"to put a hindrance"; bhaikṣaṃ c-"to beg"; vivādaṃ c-,"to be engaged in a lawsuit"; mṛgayāṃ c-,"to hunt" ; sambandhāṃś c-,"to enter into connections"; mārgaṃ cacāra bāṇaiḥ-,"he made a way with arrows"; tapasā indriyāṇi c-,to exercise one's organs with penance ) etc. ; to consume, eat (with accusative), graze ; to make or render (with double accusative) exempli gratia, 'for example' nar/endraṃ satya-sthaṃ carāma-,"let us make the king keep his word" : Causal cārayati-, to cause to move or walk about (Aorist /acīcarat-) ; to pasture ; to send, direct, turn, move etc. ; to cause any one (accusative) to walk through (accusative) ; to drive away from (ablative) ; to cause any one (accusative) to practise or perform (with accusative) ; to cause (any animal accusative) to eat ; to cause to copulate ; to ascertain (as through a spy instrumental case) ; to doubt (see vi--) : Desiderative cicariṣati-, to try to go (parasmE-pada cicarṣat-) ; to wish to act or conduct one's self ; to try to have intercourse with (instrumental case), : Intensive carcarīti- A1. or rarely ([ ]) Passive voice cañcūryate- (curīti-and cūrti- ; ind.p. cūrya- ; parasmE-pada once P. cūryat- ) to move quickly or repeatedly, walk about, roam about (in locative case) etc. ; to act wantonly or coquettishly (see ) ; ([ see, etc.]) | ||||||
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| chadi | mfn. "a roof" See n/ava--.  | ||||||
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| chid | cl.7. chin/atti-, chintte- (imperative n/attu-;2. sg. ndh/i-[ confer, compare ];2. dual number nt/am-; subjunctive 1. sg. n/adai-; Potential ndet- ; cl.9. 1. sg. chinnāmi- ; imperfect tense 2. sg. achinad-,or nas- ; perfect tense ciccheda-, cchide-; parasmE-pada cchidvas-, ; Aorist acchidat-or acchaitsīt-[ subjunctive ch- etc.] ;2. sg. chitsi- ;1. plural chedma- ; A1. acchitta-and 2. sg. tthās-[ subjunctive ch- ], on ; future chetsyati-, ; ind.p. chittvā- infinitive mood chettum-; Passive voice chidyate-; See /a-cchidyamāna-; Aorist /acchedi-and chedi- ) to cut off, amputate, cut through, hew, chop, split, pierce etc. ; to divide, separate from (ablative;exceptionally instrumental case ) ; to destroy, annihilate, efface, blot out etc. ; (in mathematics) to divide : Passive voice to be split or cut, break : Causal chedayati- (Aorist acicchidat-) to cut off. ; to cause to cut off or through : Desiderative See cicchitsu- : Intensive cecchidīti- (), dyate- ( Va1rtt. 2 ) ; future Ist ditā-, Va1rtt. 2 ; ([ confer, compare , etc.; Latin scindo; Gothic skeida.])  | ||||||
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| chinnapakṣa | (nn/a-.) mfn. having the wings torn off. | ||||||
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| ci | cl.5. cin/oti-, nute- (1. plural cinumas-and nmas- ; perf. cikāya-and cicāya-, ;2. cicetha-, ;3. plural ciky/ur- ; parasmE-pada cikivas- ; A1. cikye-and cicye- ; parasmE-pada cikyān/a- v; 2nd future parasmE-pada ceṣyat- ; 1st future cetā- ; Aorist acaiṣīt- on ;Ved. cikayām akar-, ;1. sg. acaiṣam-,2. sg. acais- ;3. plural acaiṣur- ; A1. aceṣṭa- ; preceding ceṣīṣṭa- , or cīyāt-, ; ind.p. citv/ā- etc.; Passive voice cīyate- etc.; future cāyiṣyate-& ceṣy- Conditional acāyiṣyata-& aceṣy- ) to arrange in order, heap up, pile up, construct (a sacrificial altar; P.,if the priests construct the altar for another; A1.,if the sacrificer builds it for himself) ; to collect, gather together, accumulate, acquire for one's self ; to search through (for collecting; see () ; to cover, inlay, set with ; Passive voice cīyate-, to become covered with ; to increase, thrive () : Causal cayayati- and capay-, to heap up, gather ; cāyayati- and cāpay- : Desiderative cikīṣate- (also ti-, ) to wish to pile up ; cicīṣati- ( [ed. vivīṣ-] ) to wish to accumulate or collect : Desiderative Causal (parasmE-pada cicīṣayat-) to cause any one to wish to arrange in order : Intensive cecīyate- on  | ||||||
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| cikit | kita-, kitān/a-, etc. See p.395. | ||||||
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| cit | cl.1. c/etati- (imperfect tense acetat- ; parasmE-pada c/etat- ) cl.2. (A1. Passive voice 3. sg. cit/e-, ; parasmE-pada f. instrumental case citantyā-, ; A1. citāna-, ) cl.3. irreg. cīhetati- (; subjunctive ciketat- ; imperative 2. sg. cikiddhi- ; parasmE-pada cikitān/a- ; perf. cik/eta- etc.; ciceta- ;3. dual number cetatur- ; A1.and Passive voice cikit/e- etc.;3. plural tre- ;for parasmE-pada cikitv/as-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order; A1. Passive voice cicite- ; Aorist acetīt- ; A1. Passive voice /aceti-and c/eti- ;for acait-See ) to perceive, fix the mind upon, attend to, be attentive, observe, take notice of (accusative or genitive case) ; to aim at, intend, design (with dative case) ; to be anxious about, care for (accusative or genitive case), ; to resolve, ; to understand, comprehend, know (perf. often in the sense of proper) ; P. A1. to become perceptible, appear, be regarded as, be known : Causal cet/ayati-, te- (2. plural cet/ayadhvam- subjunctive cetayat- imperative 2. dual number cetayethām- imperfect tense /acetayat- ;3. plural cit/ayante- ; parasmE-pada cit/ayat- (eleven times); cet/ayat-, ; A1. cetayāna-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) to cause to attend, make attentive, remind of. ; to cause to comprehend, instruct, teach ; to observe, perceive, be intent upon ; A1. (once P. ) to form an idea in the mind, be conscious of, understand, comprehend, think, reflect upon ; P. to have a right notion of. know ; P. "to recover consciousness", awake ; A1. to remember, have consciousness of (accusative) ; to appear, be conspicuous, shine : Desiderative c/ikitsati- (fr. ;exceptionally A1. ; imperative tsatu- subjunctive tsāt- Aorist 2. sg. /acikitsīs- ; Passive voice parasmE-pada cikitsyamāna- ) to have in view, aim at, be desirous ; to care for, be anxious about, ; ( ) to treat medically, cure ; to wish to appear : Causal of Desiderative (future cikitsayiṣyati-) to cure : Intensive cekite- (fr.; parasmE-pada c/ekitat-, ; A1. c/ekitāna- eight times) to appear, be conspicuous, shine  | ||||||
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| cyavana | n. see duś-cyavan/a-.  | ||||||
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| dā | cl.3. d/adāti- (plural dati- etc.; A1. datte- ;1. sg. dadmi- ; imperative d/adātu- plural dahu-;2. sg. daddh/i- ; deh/i-[ ] ;2. plural d/adāta- , tana- , datt/a- etc.;2. dual number tt/am- etc.; Potential dady/āt- etc.; imperfect tense /adadāt-; plural /adadur- ;2. dual number /adattam- etc.;2. plural ttana-, , /adadāta- ; subjunctive d/adat- , das- dan- parasmE-pada m. Nominal verb sg. d/adat- plural tas- etc.; parasmE-pada A1. d/adāna-, ; n/a-, ; sg. dadati-, ; plural danti-, ; imperative da-, ; data- ; Potential det- ; imperfect tense /adadat- ; A1. sg. d/adate- ; plural dante-, ; imperative sg. datām- ; dasva- etc.; imperfect tense plural /adadanta- ; parasmE-pada d/adamāna- ; Aorist /adāt-[ ], dat-, /adur-, d/ur-etc.; subjunctive 2. dual number dāsathas- [ confer, compare ]; Potential 1. plural deṣma- ; perfect tense dad/au-, d/ur-, d/athur-, datur-, d/o- etc.; Passive voice d/e-, ; dadade-, dāte-, dire- ; parasmE-pada genitive case dad/uṣas- , ṣām- ; Nominal verb dv/ān-, ; dāvan- ; accusative div/āṃsam-, [ confer, compare ]; future parasmE-pada dāsy/at- ; A1. syate-, syante-,1. sg. sye- ; preceding deyāt- ; infinitive mood dāv/ane- ; d/ātos-, ; tave-, ; d/ātav/ai-[ ] ; tum-, etc.: ind.p. dattv/āya-[ ] ; ttv/ā- etc.; -d/āya-[ ] etc.: Passive voice dīyate-[ ]; parasmE-pada y/amāna- ; Aorist adāyi- ; preceding dāsīṣṭa-, dāyis-, ) cl.1. d/āti- (; imperative tu-, ; confer, compare Va1rtt. 3 ) to give, bestow, grant, yield, impart, present, offer to (dative case,in later language also genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to give (a daughter, kanyām-) in marriage etc. ; to hand over ; (with haste-) ; to give back, ; to pay (daṇḍam-,"a fine"; ṛṇam-,"a debt", ) ; to give up, cede (āsanam-,"one's seat") ; (panthānam-or mārgam-,"to give up the road, allow to pass") and ; to sell (with instrumental case of the price), ; to sacrifice (ātmānam-,"one's self."; āt- khedāya-,"to give one's self up to grief", ) ; to offer (an oblation etc.) etc. ; to communicate, teach, utter (blessings, āśiṣas- ), give (answer, prati-vacas-, canam-, praty-uttaram- etc.), speak (satyaṃ vacas-,the truth, ; vacam-,to address a speech to [ dative case ] ) ; to permit, allow (with infinitive mood) ; to permit sexual intercourse ; to place, put, apply (in med.) etc. ; to add ; with varam-,"to grant a boon" etc. ; śoham-,"to cause grief", ; avakāśam-,"to give room or space, allow to enter" etc. ; prāṇān- or jīvitam-,"to spare any one's life" ; talam- or lān-, to slap with the palms of the hands ; la-prahāram-, to strike with the palm tālam-, to beat time with the hands ; saṃjñām-, to make a sign ; saṃketakam-, to make an appointment samayam-, to propose an agreement ; upamām-, to compare with [ genitive case ] ; paṭaham-, to proclaim with the drum ; śabdam-, to make a noise, call out ; śāpam-, to utter a curse etc. ; gāīh-. idem or 'm. fire ' ; anuyātram-, to accompany ; āliṅganane-, parirambhaṇam-, to embrace, ; jhampam-, to jump ; śrāddham-, to perform a śrāddha- ; vratakam-, to accomplish a vow ; yuddham-, niy-, saṃgrāmam-, to give battle, fight with ; ājñām- ādeśam-, to give an order, command, ; saṃdeśam-, to give information ; prayogam-, to give a dramatic representation vṛtim-, to fence in ; darśanam-, to show one's self ; dṛṣṭim-, dṛśam-, akṣi-, caksus-, to fix the eyes on (locative case) ; karṇam-, to give ear, listen ; manas-, to direct the mind to (locative case) ; kars- kapolam-, to rest the cheek on the hand ; nigaḍāni- to put on or apply fetters pāvakam-, to set on fire ; agnīn- to consume by fire ; śāram-, to move a chess-man ; argalam-, to draw a bolt, bar ; jānu-, to kneel upon (genitive case) ; padam-, to tread upon [loc.] ; to direct the steps ; viṣam-, to poison (with accusative !) ; garam- idem or 'm. fire ' (with genitive case) ; -- A1. to carry, hold, keep, preserve ; to show (Aorist adadiṣṭa-; aded-fr.) : Causal dāpayati- (; Aorist adīdapat-, ) to cause to give or be given, cause to bestow or present or give up, oblige to pay, make restore etc. ; to demand from (ablative) ; to cause to utter or speak ghoṣaṇām-, to cause to be made known ; to cause to place or advance, ; to cause to perform, to cause to be put on (locative case) : Desiderative d/itsati- (; parasmE-pada d/idāsat- ; d/itsat-, ; Potential tseyam- ; perfect tense 2. sg. didāsitha- ; confer, compare ) to wish to give, be ready to bestow etc. ; to wish to give in marriage etc.: Intensive dedīyate- ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin do;etc.]) | ||||||
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| dabhna | See dura-dabhn/ā-.  | ||||||
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| dadhi | n. (replaced in the weakest forms by dh/an-[ ] : instrumental case etc. dhn/ā- dhn/e-, dhn/as-; locative case dhani- dhni-,[ in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' ] ) coagulated milk, thick sour milk (regarded as a remedy;differing from curds in not having the whey separated from it) etc.  | ||||||
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| dakṣa | m. see a-tūta--, din/a--, samān/a-  | ||||||
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| dasyu | m. ( etc.  | ||||||
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| dasyuhan | m. (Nominal verb h/ā- instrumental case ghn/ā-)fn. destroying the dasyu-s (indra- i, ; indra-'s gift, x, 47, 4; many/u-,83, 3; m/anas-,iv, 16, 10) | ||||||
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| dhānāruh | (n/ā--) mfn. growing from a grain  | ||||||
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| dhānāvat | (n/ā--) mfn. accompanied by grain (as soma-) | ||||||
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| dhī | f. notion, opinion, the taking for (compound) etc. (y/athā dhiy/ā-or dhiy/ā n/a-,according to thy wisdom or will; itth/ā dhiy/ā-or dh/iyaḥ-,willingly literally such is thy will )  | ||||||
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| dhiti | f. See nem/a--, mitr/a--, van/a--, v/asu--. | ||||||
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| dhū | cl.5 P. A1. dhūn/oti-, nut/e- ; dhunoti-, nute- etc. ; cl.6 P. () dhuvati- (confer, compare ni--; Potential dhūvet- ) ; cl.9 P. A1. () Potential dhunīyāt- ; parasmE-pada A1. dhunāna- ; cl.1 P. () dhavati- ; cl.2 A1., 3. plural dhuvate- (dhunv/ate-?) ; parasmE-pada dhuvān/a- (perfect tense dudhāva- , dhuve- ; dudhuvīta-and dūdhot- : Aorist adhūṣṭa-,3. plural ṣata- ; adhoṣṭa-, adhaviṣṭa-; adhauṣīt-, adhāvīt- grammar; future dhaviṣyati-, te- etc.; dhoṣyati-, te-, dhotā-& dhavitā- grammar; ind.p. dhūtvā- , -dh/ūya- etc.; infinitive mood dhavitum- grammar) to shake, agitate, cause to tremble etc. ; to shake down from (exempli gratia, 'for example' fruits [ accusative ] from a tree [ accusative ]) ; (oftener A1.) to shake off, remove, liberate one's self from (accusative) etc. ; to fan, kindle (a fire) etc. ; to treat roughly, hurt, injure, destroy ; to strive against, resist : Passive voice dhūy/ate- etc. (parasmE-pada dhūyat- ): Causal dhāvayati- () and dhūnayati- (See dhūna-): Desiderative dudhūṣati-, te- grammar ; Intensive dodhavīti- (parasmE-pada do) ; dodhūyate-, parasmE-pada yamāna-and yat- ; so shake or move violently (trans. and intr.) ; to shake off or down ; to fan or kindle. [ confer, compare  | ||||||
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| dīnadakṣa | (n/a--) mfn. of weak understanding  | ||||||
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| dīnatā | (n/a--) f. scarcity, weakness | ||||||
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| divā | ind. (for div/ā-,instr. of 3. d/iv-) gaRa svarādi-, by day (often opposed to n/aktam-)  | ||||||
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| divānaktam | ind. adverb (older d/ivā n/aktam-) by day and night  | ||||||
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| dṛś | (Pres. forms supplied by etc. [2. sg. dadarśitha-and dadraṣṭha- ]; A1. dadṛś/e- [ d/adṛśe-,3 plural dṛśre- ; śrire- ]; parasmE-pada P. dadṛśv/as- ; sivas- ; darśivas- q.v; A1. d/adṛśāna- ; future P. -drakṣy/ati- etc.; A1. ṣyate-and future 2. draṣṭā- ; Aorist P. adarśam-, śas-, śat-,3 plural śur- ; 1 plural adarśma- ; adṛśma- ; subjunctive darśam-, śat-, śathas- ; A1.3 plural /adṛśran- ; śram- ; parasmE-pada dṛśān/a-or d/ṛśāna-[ confer, compare sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ] ; P. dṛśan-,3 plural /adṛśan- ; Potential dṛś/eyam- ; śema- ; P. adrākṣit-and adrāk- ; A1.3 plural /adṛkṣata-; subjunctive 2 sg. d/ṛkṣase- ; infinitive mood dṛś/e-and driś/aye- ; dr/aṣṭum- etc.; ind.p. dṛṣṭv/ā- etc.[ also dṛśya-], ṭvāya- ; -d/ṛśya- ; -darśam- ) to see, behold, look at, regard, consider etc. ; to see id est wait on, visit ; to see with the mind, learn, understand etc. ; to notice, care for, look into, try, examine ; to see by divine intuition, think or find out, compose, contrive (hymns, rites, etc.) : Passive voice dṛśy/ate- (Epic also ti-) Aorist ad/arśi- etc. to be seen, become visible, appear etc. ; to be shown or manifested, appear as (iva-), prove etc.: Causal P. A1. darśayati-, te- etc. ; Aorist adīdṛśat- ; adadarśat- , to cause to see or be seen, to show a thing (A1. especially of something belonging to one's self) or person (P.and A1.with or scilicet ātmānam-,also one's self) , to (accusative etc.; genitive case etc.; dative case etc.; instrumental case after A1.refl. ) ; to show = prove, demonstrate etc. ; to produce (money) id est pay ; (a witness) , : Desiderative A1. didṛkṣate- (Epic also ti-) to wish to see, long for (accusative) etc.: Desiderative of Causal didarśayiṣati-, to wish to show ; adidarśayiṣīt- : Intensive darīdṛśyate-, to be always visible ; darī [ confer, compare Greek , ; Gothic tarhjan.] | ||||||
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| ducchunā | f. (prob. fr. dus-and śun/a-) misfortune, calamity, harm, mischief (often personified as a demon)  | ||||||
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| duh | (originally dugh- see d/ughāna-, dugha-etc., and the initial dh-of some forms) cl.2 P.A1. dogdhi- ; dugdhe- or duh/e- etc. (plural A1. duhat/e-, ; duhrate-, ; duhr/e-, ; imperfect tense P. /adhok-, ; duh/ur- ; A1. adugdha-[according to Aorist ] plural aduhra-,i sg. aduha- plural hra- [ see ]; imperative dhukṣva- sg. duh/ām- ; plural duhr/ām-, r/atām- ; dhuṅgdhvam- ; subjunctive dohat-[3 plural hān- ], hate- ; Potential duhīyat- ; y/an-, ; A1. hīta-, ; parasmE-pada P. duh/at- A1. duhān/a-, d/uhāna-,and d/ugh- ; cl.6 P. A1. duh/ati-, te- etc.; cl.4. duhyati-, te- ; perfect tense dud/oha-[ hitha- ], duduh/e-,3 plural duduhur-[ dudūhur- ] etc.; A1. duduhre- [ hrire-]; future dhokṣyati-, te- ; Aorist /adhukṣat-, ṣata-[3 sg. plural ], adukṣat-, ; dukṣata-,3 sg. ; imperative dhukṣ/asva- ; Potential dhukṣīm/ahi- ; infinitive mood dogdhum- etc.; dogdhos- ; duh/adhyai-and doh/ase- ; ind.p. dugdhvā- ) to milk (a cow or an udder) figuratively take advantage of (see) , enjoy ; to milk or squeeze out, extract (milk, soma- exempli gratia, 'for example' any good thing) ; draw anything out of another thing (with 2 accusative) etc. ; (mostly A1.) to give milk, yield any desired object (accusative,rarely genitive case) etc. etc.: Passive voice duhy/ate- Aorist adohi- ( ) to be milked, to be drawn or extracted from etc.: Causal doh/ayati-, te- Aorist adūduhat- Passive voice dohy/ate-, to cause to milk or be milked ; to milk, milk out, extract : Desiderative d/udukṣati- (), dudhukṣati- ( see dudhukṣu-), to wish to milk. | ||||||
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| dyumnahūti | (mn/a--) f. inspired invocation  | ||||||
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| dyumnasāti | (mn/a--) f. receiving inspiration or power, . | ||||||
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| dyumnaśravas | (mn/a--) mfn. producing a strong or clear sound, . | ||||||
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| dyumnavat | mfn. (mn/a--) inspired or clearly sounding | ||||||
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| dyut | cl.1 A1. dy/otate- (also ti-) etc. (perfect tense didyute-, parasmE-pada tān/a- [ see ], didy/ota- ; dyutur-. ; Aorist adyutat-and /adidyutat- ; /adyaut- , adyotiṣṭa- , parasmE-pada P. dyutat- A1. tān/a-or dy/utāna- ; future dyotiṣyati- ; ind.p. dyutitvā-or dyot- ; -dyutya- ) to shine, be bright or brilliant: Causal dyotayati-(te-, ) to make bright, illuminate, irradiate ; to cause to appear, make clear or manifest, express, mean : Desiderative dedyutiṣati- or didyot- : Intensive d/avidyot-, 3. plural dyutati- ; dedyutyate- , to shine, glitter, be bright or brilliant | ||||||
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| endh | ( ā-indh-) A1. (subjunctive -idhate-and -in/adhate-; perfect tense īdhe-) to inflame, kindle ; to be inflamed, flame  | ||||||
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| etad | ind. in this manner, thus, so, here, at this time, now (exempli gratia, 'for example' n/a v/ā u et/an mriyase-,thou dost not die in this manner or by that ) ; ([ confer, compare Zend ae7ta; Old Persian aita; Armenian aid; Osk.eiso.])  | ||||||
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| gha | ind. as a rule it is preceded by other particles (ut/a-, ut/o-, ut/a vā-, cid-, n/a-, vā-) or by a pronoun or a preposition  | ||||||
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| ghana | mf(/ā-)n. compact, solid, material, hard, firm, dense, (ghan/ā-for n/am /ā-) etc.  | ||||||
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| ghana | m. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' mere, nothing but (exempli gratia, 'for example' vijñāna-ghan/a-,"nothing but intuition") (see ambu--, ayo--) | ||||||
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| ghānya | n. (fr. ghan/a-) compactness ()  | ||||||
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| ghna | n. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' "killing" See /ahi--, parṇaya-ghn/a- (see artha--, arśo--, kāsa--, kula--, kuṣṭha--, kṛta--, kṛmi--, gara--, guru--, go--, jvara--, puruṣa--,etc.)  | ||||||
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| gir | f. (/īr-) invocation, addressing with praise, praise, verse, song (the marut-s are called"sons of praise", sūn/avo g/iraḥ-, )  | ||||||
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| gnā | f. (nom sg.? gn/ās- ) "wife" (=,  | ||||||
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| gnāvat | (gn/ā--) mfn. accompanied by divine females (vocative case and Nominal verb [!?] -vas-; gn/āvas- equals stuti-vācas-,"words of praise") | ||||||
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| gṝ | cl.9 P. A1. gṛṇ/āti-, ṇīt/e- (1. sg. A1.and 3. sg. Passive voice gṛṇ/e- ;1. sg. A1. gṛṇīṣ/e- ;2. plural gṛṇ/atā- ; parasmE-pada P. gṛṇ/at- etc.; A1.& Passive voice gṛṇān/a- ;Ved. infinitive mood imperative gṛṇīṣ/aṇi- ), to call, call out to, invoke ; to announce, proclaim ; to mention with praise, praise, extol ; to pronounce, recite ; to relate, teach in verses, ; ([ confer, compare , ; Hibernian or Irish goirim; Old German quar,quir,etc.; Old Pruss.gerbu,"to speak"; Anglo-Saxon gale; German Nachtigal; Latin gallus?])  | ||||||
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| grah | ([ in a few passages only etc.]) or grabh- ([ ;rarely ]) cl.9 P. gṛbhṇāti- gṛhṇ/āti- (also A1. gṛhṇīte-,irreg. gṛhṇate- ;3. plural gṛbhṇate- ; imperative 2. sg. gṛhāṇ/a-,[ ṇ/ā-, saṃhitā-pāṭha-, parasmE-pada Passive voice Nominal verb plural n. ] etc.; gṛbhṇān/a-& gṛhṇ-[Ved.]; gṛhṇa- ; -gṛhṇāhi-, -gṛbhṇīhi-See prati- ] or gṛhṇ-;3. sg. P. gṛhṇītāt-;Ved. imperative gṛbhāy/a-etc.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ya- confer, compare gṛhaya-; perf. jagrāha- etc.;1. sg. gr/abhā; gṛbhm/a- ; A1. gṛhe-, ;3. plural gṛbhr/e-& gṛbhrir/e- ; P. Potential gṛbhyāt-, ; parasmE-pada gṛbhv/as-, ; future 2nd grahīṣyati-, te- etc.[ confer, compare ];sometimes wrongly spelt gṛh- ; grahiṣy- ; Conditional agrahaiṣyat- ; future 1st grahītā- ; Aorist agrabham- ; bhīt- etc.; hīt-[ ] etc.; -/ajagrabhīt-etc.See saṃ-; A1. agrahīṣṭa- ; aghṛkṣata- [not in ];Ved. 3. plural agṛbhran-[ ] and agṛbhīṣata-; ind.p. gṛbhītv/ā- ; gṛhītv/ā-, ; grahāya- ; infinitive mood grahītum-[ etc.; confer, compare ;wrongly spelt gṛh- ]; Passive voice gṛhyate-[ future 1st grahītā-or grāhitā- future 2nd grahīṣyate-or grāhiṣy- Aorist agrāhi-,3. dual number agrahīṣātām-or agrāhiṣ- ];Ved. subjunctive 3. plural gṛhyāntai- on ;Ved. Passive voice 3. sg. gṛhate-[ ]or gṛhe-[ ] or gṛhaye-[ ; confer, compare gṛhaya-]; subjunctive 1. plural gṛhāmahi- ; Potential gṛhīta- ) to seize, take (by the hand, pāṇau-or kare-,exceptionally pāṇim-(double accusative) ; confer, compare ), grasp, lay hold of (exempli gratia, 'for example' pakṣaṃ-,to take a side, adopt a party ; pāṇim-,"to take by the hand in the marriage ceremony", marry etc.) etc. ; to arrest, stop ; to catch, take captive, take prisoner, capture, imprison etc. ; to take possession of, gain over, captivate ; to seize, overpower (especially said of diseases and demons and the punishments of varuṇa-) etc. ; to eclipse ; to abstract, take away (by robbery) ; to lay the hand on, claim ; to gain, win, obtain, receive, accept (from ablative,rarely genitive case), keep etc. (with double accusative ) ; to acquire by purchase (with instrumental case of the price) etc. ; to choose ; to choose any one (accusative) as a wife ; to take up (a fluid with any small vessel), draw water ; to pluck, pick, gather ; to collect a store of anything ; to use, put on (clothes) i etc. ; to assume (a shape) ; to place upon (instrumental case or locative case) ; to include ; to take on one's self, undertake, undergo, begin etc. ; to receive hospitably (a guest), take back (a divorced wife) ; "to take into the mouth", mention, name etc. ; to perceive (with the organs of sense or with m/anas-), observe, recognise etc. ; (in astronomy) to observe ; to receive into the mind, apprehend, understand, learn ; (in astronomy) to calculate ; to accept, admit, approve ; to obey, follow ; to take for, consider as etc. ; (Passive voice) to be meant by (instrumental case) and Scholiast or Commentator : Causal grāhayati-, to cause to take or seize or lay hold of ; to cause to take (by the hand[ pāṇim-]in the marriage ceremony) ; to cause to marry, give away a girl (accusative) in marriage to any one (accusative) ; to cause any one to be captured ; to cause any one to be seized or overpowered (as by varuṇa-'s punishments or death etc.) ; to cause to be taken away ; to make any one take, deliver anything (accusative) over to any one (accusative; exempli gratia, 'for example' āsanam-with accusative"to cause to take a seat, bid any one to sit down") ; to make any one choose (Aorist ajigrahat-) ; to make any one learn, make acquainted or familiar with (accusative) etc.: Desiderative jighṛkṣati- (confer, compare ), also te-, to be about to seize or take ; to be about to eclipse ; to be about to take away ; to desire to perceive (with the organs of sense), strive to apprehend or recognise : Intensive jarīgṛhyate- ; ([ confer, compare Zend gerep,geurv; Gothic greipa; German greife; Lithuanian gre1bju; Slavonic or Slavonian grablju1; Hibernian or Irish grabaim,"I devour, stop."]) | ||||||
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| granth | or grath- cl.9 P. grathn/āti- (future parasmE-pada granthiṣyat- ; perf. 3. plural jagranthur-or grethur- ; ind.p. granthitvā-or grath-, ), to fasten, tie or string together, arrange, connect in a regular series ; to string words together, compose (a literary work) : cl.1 P. A1. grathati-, te- (varia lectio) ; P. granthati-, ; A1. granthate- (Aorist agranthiṣṭa-), to be strung together or composed (a literary work), on : Causal P. A1. granthayati-, te-, to string together ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin glut-en?]) | ||||||
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| gras | cl.1 P. A1. gr/asati-, te- (perf. Potential A1. jagrasīta- ; parasmE-pada A1.and Passive voice jagrasān/a- ), to seize with the mouth, take into the mouth, swallow, devour, eat, consume etc. ; to swallow up, cause to disappear ; to eclipse etc. ; to swallow or slur over words, pronounce indistinctly () 27 ; to suppress, stop or neglect (a lawsuit) : Causal P. grāsayati-, to cause to swallow or devour ; to consume, swallow ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin gra1-men; German gras; English grass.])  | ||||||
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| grath | or granth- cl.9 P. grathn/āti- (future parasmE-pada granthiṣyat- ; perf. 3. plural jagranthur-or grethur- ; ind.p. granthitvā-or grath-, ), to fasten, tie or string together, arrange, connect in a regular series ; to string words together, compose (a literary work) : cl.1 P. A1. grathati-, te- (varia lectio) ; P. granthati-, ; A1. granthate- (Aorist agranthiṣṭa-), to be strung together or composed (a literary work), on : Causal P. A1. granthayati-, te-, to string together ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin glut-en?]) | ||||||
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| gṛṇat | ṇān/a-, etc. See  | ||||||
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| gva | in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' See atithi-gv/a-, /eta--, d/aśa--, n/ava--.  | ||||||
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| hastatra | m. or n. a hand-guard (see -ghn/a-)  | ||||||
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| hi | (see ) hin/oti- (Vedic or Veda also hinut/e-, h/invati-and hinv/ati-, te-; parasmE-pada hinvān/a-[with act. and pass. sense] ; h/ayat- : sg. hiṣe- ; perfect tense jighāya-, jighyuḥ- etc.; jighye-[with pass. sense] ; Aorist /ahema- /ahema-, ahyan-, heta- parasmE-pada hiyān/a-[with pass. sense] ; ahyam-[?], /ahait- ; ahaiṣīt- ; aheṣata- ; future hetā- grammar; heṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood -hy/e- ), to send forth, set in motion, impel, urge on, hasten on (A1.also intrans.) ; to stimulate or incite to (dative case) ; to assist or help to (dative case) ; to discharge, hurl, cast, shoot ; to convey, bring, procure ; to forsake, abandon, get rid of ; (hinvati-) to gladden, delight : Passive voice hīyate- (Aorist ahāyi-) grammar : Causal hāyuyati- (Aorist ajīhayat-) : Desiderative of Causal jihāpayiṣati- : Desiderative jighīṣati- : Intensive jeghīyate-, jeghayīti-, jegheti-  | ||||||
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| hi | ind. (used as a particle[ see ha-and gha-]and usually denoting) for, because, on account of (never standing first in a sentence, but generally after the first word and used enclitically, sometimes after pronouns; exempli gratia, 'for example' s/arvo h/i p/ṛtanā jigīṣati-,"for everybody wishes to win battles"; bhavān hi pramāṇam-,"for your honour is the authority"; tahā hi-,"for example","accordingly"; n/a h/i-or nah/ī-,"for not","not at all") etc. | ||||||
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| hīḍ | hīḷ-, (see ; jihīḷa- ;and ahiḍat- ), to pull, tear, make angry, vex, offend ; A1. (only in[ /a--] hīḍamāna- jihīḍe-, ḍir/e-; jihīḷe- ; jihīḍān/a- ; hīḍiṣātām- ), to be angry or wroth: Causal (only ajīhiḍat-) to pull out (hair)  | ||||||
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| hiṃs | (originally Desiderative of) hiṃsati-, hin/asti- (Ved. and Epic also A1. hiṃsate-, h/iṃste-;2. sg. hiṃsi-for hinassi- ; perfect tense jihiṃsa-, sim/a-, jīhiṃsīh- ; Aorist ahiṃsīt-, hiṃsīt- etc.; future hiṃsita- grammar; hiṃsiṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood hiṃsitum-[Ved. also h/iesitoḥ-] ; ind.p. hiṃsitv/ā- ; -hiṃsya- ), to injure, harm, wound, kill, destroy etc. etc.: Passive voice hiṃsyate- (Aorist ahiṃsi-), to be injured or killed (in /a-hiṃsyamāna-) etc.: Causal or cl.10 P. () hiṃsayati- (Aorist ajihiṃsat-), to injure, harm, kill, slay : Desiderative j/ihiṃsiṣati-, to wish to injure etc. : Intens, jehiṃsyate-, jehiṃsti- grammar | ||||||
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| hinv | hinv/a-, hinvān/a- See  | ||||||
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| hṛ | or hṝ- cl.9 A1. hṛṇīte- (only parasmE-pada hṛṇān/a- ; Potential [abhi]-hṛṇīthāḥ- , and [?] ahṛṇāt-, ) , to be angry or wroth.  | ||||||
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| huvadhyai | huvān/a- See  | ||||||
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| hve | cl.1 P. A1. () hv/ayati-, te- (Vedic or Veda also h/avate-and huv/ati-, te-; other present forms are hve- ; hvāmahe- ; h/oma-, hūm/ahe-, juhūm/asi- ; p. huvān/a-[with pass. sense] ; hvayāna- ; perfect tense juhāva-, juhuvuḥ- etc.; juhv/e-, juhūr/e- ; juhuve-, huhurire- ; hvayāṃ-āsa-and hvayāṃ-cakre- ; Aorist /ahvat-, ahvata-[or ahvāsta- ] etc. etc.; ahvi- ; /ahūmahi-, ahūṣata- ; ahvāsīt-[?] ; future hvātā- grammar; hvayiṣyati-, te- ; hvāsyate- ; infinitive mood Class. hvātum-; Vedic or Veda h/avitave-, hv/ayitum-, tav/ai-; huv/adhyai-; ind.p. Class. hūtvā-;Ved. -h/ūya-and -hāvam-), to call, call upon, summon, challenge, invoke (with nāmnā-,"to call by name"; with yuddhe-,"to challenge to fight") etc. ; to emulate, vie with : Passive voice hūy/ate- (Aorist /ahāvi-,or ahvāyi-), to be called etc. : Causal hvāyayati- (Aorist ajūhavat-or ajuhāvat-), to cause anyone (accusative) to be challenged by (instrumental case) : Desiderative juhūṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive johūyate- or j/ohavīti- (johuvanta-, ajohavuḥ-, j/ohuvat-, j/ohuvāna- ) or johoti- (grammar), to call on, invoke etc. [ confer, compare Greek .] | ||||||
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| i | cl.2 P. /eti- (imperative 2. sg. ih/i-) and 1. P. A1. /ayati-, ayate- ([ confer, compare , and iy/etha- ] future eṣyati-; Aorist aiṣīt-; infinitive mood etum-, /etave- and , /etav/ai- /etos- ity/ai- ) to go, walk ; to flow ; to blow ; to advance, spread, get about ; to go to or towards (with accusative), come etc. ; to go away, escape, pass, retire ; to arise from, come from ; to return (in this sense only future) ; (with punar-) to come back again, return etc. ; to succeed ; to arrive at, reach, obtain etc. ; to fall into, come to ; to approach with prayers, gain by asking (confer, compare ita-) ; to undertake anything (with accusative) ; to be employed in, go on with, continue in any condition or relation (with a participle or instrumental case exempli gratia, 'for example' asura-rakṣasāni mṛdyamānāni yanti-,"the asura-s and Rakshases are being continually crushed" ; gavāmayanene) ; to appear, be : Intensive A1. /īyate- (; parasmE-pada iyān/a- ; infinitive mood iy/adhyai- ) to go quickly or repeatedly ; to come, wander, run, spread, get about ; to appear, make one's appearance ; to approach any one with requests (with two accusative), ask, request : Passive voice /īyate-, to be asked or requested : Causal āyayati-, to cause to go or escape ; ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin e-o,i1-mus,i-ter,etc.; Lithuanian ei-mi4,"I go"; Slavonic or Slavonian i-du7,"I go",i-ti,"to go"; Gothic i-ddja,"I went."])  | ||||||
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| id | ind. indeed, assuredly (especially, in strengthening an antithesis, exempli gratia, 'for example' y/athā v/aśanti dev/ās t/ah/e; d/ipsanta /id rip/avo n/ā). id- is often added to words expressing excess or exclusion (exempli gratia, 'for example' viśva it-,every one indeed; śaśvad it-,constantly indeed; eka it-,one only) . At the beginning of sentences it often adds emphasis to pronouns, prepositions, particles (exempli gratia, 'for example' tvam it-,thou indeed; yadi it-,if indeed, etc.) id- occurs often in the ṛg-- veda- and atharva-- veda-, seldom in the brāhmaṇa-s, and its place is taken in classical Sanskrit by eva- and other particles.  | ||||||
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| idam | ay/am-, iy/am-, id/am- (fr. id- ; gaRa sarvā ;a kind of neut. of the pronominal base 3. i-with am-[ confer, compare Latin is,ea,id,andidem];the regular forms are partly derived from the pronominal base a-;See grammar 224;the veda- exhibits various irregular formations exempli gratia, 'for example' fr. pronominal base a-,an inst. en/ā-, ay/ā-[used in general adverbially], and genitive case locative case dual number ay/os-,and perhaps also av/os-,in [ ];fr. the base ima-,a genitive case singular im/asya-,only ;the has in a few instances the irregular accentuation /asmai-, ; /asya-, ; /ābhis-, : the forms derived fr. a-are used enclitically if they take the place of the third personal pronoun, do not stand at the beginning of a verse or period, and have no peculiar stress laid upon them) , this, this here, referring to something near the speaker | ||||||
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| iṣ | cl.1 P. eṣati- (See anu-- : cl.4 P. /iṣyati- and 9. P. A1. iṣṇ/āti- (parasmE-pada iṣṇ/at- iṣṇān/a- ; perfect tense 3. plural īṣus- īṣir/e- ; aiṣīt-; infinitive mood iṣ/adhyai- ) to cause to move quickly, let fly, throw, cast, swing ; to send out or off, stream out, pour out, discharge ; to deliver (a speech), announce, proclaim ; to impel, incite, animate, promote  | ||||||
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| jan | cl.1. ([ ]) and cl.10. j/anati-, te- (subjunctive janat- ; nāt- ; A1. nata- ; imperfect tense /ajanat- ; parasmE-pada j/anat-), jan/ayati-, te- (in later language only P. ; subjunctive n/ayat-; imperfect tense /ajanayat-; Aorist /ajījanat-; parasmE-pada jan/ayat-; infinitive mood j/anayitavai- ) , twice cl.3. (subjunctive jaj/anat- [ ] ; confer, compare ; proper jajanti- ; Aorist A1. j/aniṣṭa-; A1. /ajani- ; perf. jaj/āna-; 3. plural jajñ/ur- etc.; once jajan/ur-, ; parasmE-pada jñivas-; Vedic or Veda infinitive mood j/anitos-, ;[ ];Ved. ind.p. nitv/ī- ) to generate, beget, produce, create, cause etc. ; to produce (a song of praise, etc.) ; (cl.10. or Causal) to cause to be born ; to assign, procure ; cl.4. j/āyate- (Epic also ti-; imperfect tense /ajāyata-; pr. p. jayamāna-;fut. janiṣyate-;aor. /ajaniṣṭa-;1.[ ] and 3. sg. /ajani-; 3. sg. j/ani-, ; j/āni-, ; perf. jajñ/e-,2. sg. jñiṣ/e-3. plural jñir/e-, parasmE-pada jñān/a-) and ([ ]) cl.2. (?) A1. (2. sg. jañiṣ/e-,2. plural jiñre-, niṣvā-[ ], nidhvam- confer, compare ; imperfect tense 3. p. ajñata-[ Aorist ] ) , twice cl.1 A1. (imperfect tense 3. plural ajanatā- ; parasmE-pada j/anamāna-, ) to be born or produced, come into existence etc. ; to grow (as plants, teeth) ; to be born as, be by birth or nature (with double Nominal verb) ; to be born or destined for (accusative) (varia lectio jayate-for jāy-) ; to be born again ; to become, be etc. ; to be changed into (dative case) ; to take place, happen ; to be possible or applicable or suitable ; to generate, produce : Passive voice janyate-, to be born or produced : Desiderative jijaniṣati-, : Intensive jañjanyate- and jājāy-, (confer, compare ) ; ([ confer, compare Latin gigno,(g)nascor; Hibernian or Irish genim,"I beget, generate."])  | ||||||
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| jana | (n/a-) m. (gaRa aśvā | ||||||
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| jānanti | m. (fr. jān/at-) Name of a teacher  | ||||||
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| janatā | f. (n/a--) () a number of men, assemblage of people, community, subjects, mankind etc. | ||||||
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| jani | f. see gn/ā-.  | ||||||
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| janī | f. see gn/ā-. | ||||||
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| ji | cl.1. j/ayati-, te- (imperfect tense /ajayat-; Aorist ajaiṣīt-,Ved. /ajais-,1. plural /ajaiṣma-, j/eṣma-,2. sg. jes-and A1. j/eṣi- subjunctive j/eṣat-, ṣas-, ṣāma- ; Aorist A1. ajeṣṭa-; future 1st. j/etā- etc.; future jeṣy/ati-, ; perfect tense jig/āya-[ ], jigetha-, jigyur-; parasmE-pada jigīv/as-[ giv/as- ; accusative plural gy/uṣas-] etc.; infinitive mood jiṣ/e-, ; j/etave- ; Classical jetum-: Passive voice jīyate-, ajīyata-[ ], ajāyi-, jāyiṣyate-;for j/īyate-and cl.9. jin/āti-See etc. (with p/unar-,"to reconquer" ) ; to conquer (the passions), overcome or remove (any desire or difficulties or diseases) etc. ; to expel from (ablative) ; to win anything (accusative) from (accusative), vanquish anyone (accusative) in a game (accusative) ; to be victorious, gain the upper hand ; often proper in the sense of an imperative "long live!""glory to" etc.: Causal jāpayati- () to cause to win ; (Aorist 2. pl, /ajījipata-and /ajījap-) ; to conquer (Aorist ajījayat-): Passive voice jāpyate-, to be made to conquer : Desiderative j/igīṣati-, te- (; parasmE-pada ṣat-, ṣamāṇa-) to wish to win or obtain or conquer or excel etc. ; (A1.) to seek for prey : Intensive jejīyate-  | ||||||
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| jīvanaś | mfn. (Nominal verb -n/aṭ-;also -nak-[ equals jivasya nāśa-] , ) [a sacrifice] in which living beings are killed  | ||||||
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| jñā | cl.9 P.A1. jān/āti-, nit/e- (see ; subjunctive nat-; imperative nītat-,2. sg. nīh/i-,once irregular jña- ;[fr. cl.3.] jijāhi- ;2. plural irregular nata-. ;2. sg. A1. irregular nase- ; parasmE-pada n/at-, nān/a- irregular namāna-[ ]; perfect tense jajñau-, jñe-[ Passive voice ] , 3. plural jñ/ur- ; parasmE-pada jñān/a- ; future jñāsyati-, te-; Aorist ajñāsīt-, sta- Passive voice /ajñāyi-, ; Potential jñāyāt-or jñey- ;2. sg. jñeyas- equals ; infinitive mood jñātum-) to know, have knowledge, become acquainted with (accusative;rarely genitive case ), perceive, apprehend, understand (also with infinitive mood [ ] ) , experience, recognise, ascertain, investigate etc. ; to know as, know or perceive that, regard or consider as (with double accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' tasya māṃ tanayāṃ jānīta-,"know me to be his daughter" ;with mṛṣā-,"to consider as untrue" ) etc. ; to acknowledge, approve, allow ; to recognise as one's own, take possession of ; to visit as a friend ; to remember (with genitive case) ; A1. to engage in (genitive case exempli gratia, 'for example' sarpiṣo-,"to make an oblation with clarified butter") : Causal jñapayati-, to teach any one (accusative) ; jñāp- (Passive voice jñāpyate-) to make known, announce, teach anything and ; to inform any one (genitive case) that (double accusative) ; A1. to request, ask (jñap-) (jñāp-): Desiderative jijñāsate- (; Epic also P.) to wish to know or become acquainted with or learn, investigate, examine etc. ; to wish for information about (accusative) ; to conjecture : Causal Desiderative jijñapayiṣati- (also jñāp- ) and jñīpsati- (see psyamāna-), to wish to make known or inform ; ([ see etc.]) | ||||||
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| jū | (see varia lectio;a sautra- root ; subjunctive 2. sg. jun/ās-; Aorist subjunctive jūjuvat-; perfect tense 3. plural jūjuvur-) to press forwards, hurry on, be quick ; to impel quickly, urge or drive on, incite ; to scare ; to excite, promote, animate, inspire : Causal Aorist ajījavat- : Causal Desiderative jijavayiṣati- ; see pra--.  | ||||||
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| jyā | (see ; ind.p. -jyāya-, ) Vedic or Veda to overpower, oppress, deprive any one (accusative) of property (accusative) etc. ; (derived fr. jy/āyas-,"senior") to become old : cl.4 A1. j/īyate- or Passive voice y/ate-, Vedic or Veda to be oppressed or treated badly, be deprived of property (or everything, sarva-jyān/im- ) etc.: Causal jyāpayati-, to call any one old : Desiderative (parasmE-pada j/ijyāsat-) to wish to overpower : Intensive jejīyate- ; see pari-- ; .  | ||||||
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| ka | (exempli gratia, 'for example' kiṃ vilambena-,what is gained by delay? kim bahunā-,what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti-,what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and genitive case, nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ-,what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka- is often followed by the particles iva-, u-, nāma-, nu-, vā-, svid-, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (exempli gratia, 'for example' kim iva etad-,what can this be? ka u śravat-,who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti-,who indeed knows? ko nv ayam-,who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam-,what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ-,who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nā | ||||||
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| kā | = ; to like, enjoy, be satisfied with (locative case genitive case or inst.) : Intensive (parasmE-pada cāk/at-) to please, be sought after, be wished for, satisfy (see anu--, ā--, saṃ-- | ||||||
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| kadā | ind. with a following ca- and preceding yadā-, whenever, as often as possible (exempli gratia, 'for example' yad/ā kad/ā ca sun/avāma s/omam-,let us press out the soma- as often as may be or at all times )  | ||||||
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| kadā | ind. with a following can/a-, never at any time etc. | ||||||
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| kārśana | mfn. (fr. kṛśana-), consisting of pearl or mother-of-pearl [MSS. karśan/a-.]  | ||||||
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| kārṣṇājina | mfn. (fr. kriṣṇā | ||||||
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| kārtsna | n. (fr. kṛtsn/a-;probably for the next) , the whole, totality  | ||||||
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| keśinī | f. See kaiśin/a-  | ||||||
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| kīnāra | m. (perhaps equals kīn/āśa-) a cultivator of the soil ["a vile man" ]  | ||||||
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| kis | ind. (fr. 1. ki- see n/akis-, m/ākis-), a particle of interrogation,"whether" ([ equals kartṛ-,"a doer" ])  | ||||||
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| kṛśanin | mfn. equals n/ā-vat-  | ||||||
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| kṛṣṭi | f. plural (once only sg. ) men, races of men (sometimes with the epithet m/ānuṣīs-[ ] or n/āhuṣīs-[ ] or mānav/īs-[ ]; see carṣaṇ/i-;originally the word may have meant cultivated ground, then an inhabited land, next its inhabitants, and lastly any race of men; indra- and agni- have the N. r/ājā-or p/atiḥ kṛṣṭīn/ām-;the term p/añca kṛṣṭ/ayas-,perhaps originally designating the five Aryan tribes of the yadu-s, turvaśa-s, druhyu-s, anu-s, and pūru-s, comprehends the whole human race, not only the Aryan tribes) | ||||||
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| kṛtsnatā | (kṛtsn/a--) f. totality, completeness  | ||||||
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| kṣad | cl.1 A1. kṣ/adate- (perf. p. cakṣadān/a-), to cut, dissect, divide, kill ; to carve (meat), distribute (food) ; to take food, consume, eat (2. sg. A1.or dative case infinitive mood kṣ/adase-) and (perf. cakṣad/e-). ([As a sautra- root kṣad-means "to cover, shelter."])  | ||||||
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| kṣurabhāṇḍa | n. equals -dhān/a-  | ||||||
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| lū | cl.9 P. A1. () lun/āti-, lunīte- (Ved. also lunoti- perfect tense lulāva- ;2. sg. lulavitha- ;2. plural luluvidhve-or viḍhve- ; Aorist alāvīt-, alaviṣṭa- grammar; future lavitā-, laviṣyati-, te- ; infinitive mood lavitum- ; ind.p. lūtvā- ; -lāvam- ), to cut, sever, divide, pluck, reap, gather etc. ; to cut off, destroy, annihilate : Passive voice lūyate- (Aorist alāvi-), to be cut grammar : Causal lāvayati- (Aorist alīlavat-, vata-), to cause to cut grammar : Desiderative of Causal lilāvayiṣati- : Desiderative lulūṣati-, te- : Intensive lauluyate-, loloti- : Desiderative of Intensive lolūyiṣate- (ind.p. yam-) [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin so-luo,solvo;Gothfra-liusan; German vir-lisosan,ver-lieren; Anglo-Saxon for-leo4san; English lose.]  | ||||||
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| mahan | n. greatness, might, power, abundance (only instrumental case sg. mahn/ā-and once plural mah/abhiḥ-,which also = greatly, mightily, right heartily)  | ||||||
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| mahāṇagnī | (!) f. See -nagn/a-.  | ||||||
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| mahiman | m. greatness, might, power, majesty, glory etc. ( mahimnā himn/ā- ind.or mahinā hin/ā- ind.mightily, forcibly )  | ||||||
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| majmanā | ind. altogether, generally, at all (with n/akis-,"no one at all")  | ||||||
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| mamat | ind. (only repeated with can/a-,or cid-) no sooner-than etc.  | ||||||
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| man | cl.8.4. A1. () manut/e-, m/anyate- (Epic also ti-;3. plural manvat/e- ; perfect tense mene- etc.; mamn/āthe-, n/āts- ; Aorist /amata-, /amanmahi- subjunctive manāmahe-, mananta-, parasmE-pada manān/a- q.v ; maṃsi-, amaṃsta- subjunctive maṃsate- preceding maṃsīṣṭa-,1. Persian mc. masīya- ; māṃsta- , stādm- ; mandhvam- ; amaniṣṭa- grammar; future maṃsyate- , ti- ; manta-, manitā- grammar; maniṣyate- ; infinitive mood mantum- etc., m/antave-, tavai- , m/antos- ; ind.p. matv/ā- etc.; manitvā- grammar; -matya- etc.; -manya- etc.) , to think, believe, imagine, suppose, conjecture etc. (manye-,I think, methinks, is in later language often inserted in a sentence without affecting the construction; confer, compare gaRa cā) ; to regard or consider any one or anything (accusative) as (accusative with or without iva-,or adverb,often in -vat-;in later language also dative case,to express contempt[ confer, compare ], exempli gratia, 'for example' gaRa rājyaṃ tṛṇaya- manye-,"I value empire at a straw" id est I make light of it equals laghu- ; to think one's self or be thought to be, appear as, pass for (Nominal verb;also with iva-) ; to be of opinion, think fit or right etc. ; to agree or be of the same opinion with (accusative) ; to set the heart or mind on, honour, esteem (with nau-,disdain) , hope or wish for (accusative or genitive case) etc. ; to think of (in prayer etc., either"to remember, meditate on", or"mention, declare", or"excogitate, invent") ; to perceive, observe, learn, know, understand, comprehend (accusative,Ved. also genitive case). etc. ; to offer, present : Causal () mānayati- (Epic also te-; Aorist amīmanat-; Passive voice mānyate-), to honour, esteem, value highly (also with uru-, bahu-and sādhu-) etc. ; (A1.) stambhe- ; garvake- : Desiderative () mīmāṃsate- (rarely ti-; amīmāṃsiṣṭhās- ; mīmāṃsy/ate- ; mimaṃsate-, mimaniṣate- grammar), to reflect upon, consider, examine, investigate etc. ; to call in question, doubt ("with regard to" locative case) : Desiderative of Desiderative mimāmiṣate- grammar : Intensive manmanyate-, manmanti- [ confer, compare Zend man; Greek ,, Latin meminisse,monere; Slavonic or Slavonian and Lithuanian mine4ti; Gothic ga-munan; Germ,meinen; English mean.]  | ||||||
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| māna | m. (mān/a-) a preparation, decoction(?)  | ||||||
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| manana | n. thinking, reflection, meditation, thought, intelligence, understanding (especially intrinsic knowledge or science, as one of the faculties connected with the senses equals manman-) ( mananā n/ā- ind.thoughtfully, deliberately ) | ||||||
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| manāvī | f. (fr. manu-) manu-'s wife (see man/āyī-).  | ||||||
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| mand | (see ) m/andate- (Ved. also P. ti-; perfect tense mamanda-, dat-, amamanduḥ- ; Aorist mand/us-, dān/a-; amandīt-, mandiṣṭa- ; subjunctive mandiṣat- grammar; preceding mandiṣīmahi- ; future manditā-, diṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood mand/adhyai- ), to rejoice, be glad or delighted, be drunk or intoxicated (literally and figuratively) ; (P.) to gladden, exhilarate, intoxicate, inflame, inspirit ; to sleep (?) () ; to shine, be splendid or beautiful ; to praise or to go : Causal mand/ayati- (infinitive mood manday/adhyai-), to gladden, exhilarate, intoxicate ; to be glad or drunk  | ||||||
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| manu | m. "the thinking creature(?)", man, mankind (also as opp. to evil spirits ;the ṛbhu-s are called manor n/apātaḥ-,the sons of man, ) | ||||||
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| math | or manth- (q.v) cl.1.9. P. () mā; perfect tense mamātha- ;3. plural mamathuḥ- ; methuḥ-, methire- ; mamantha-, nthuḥ- ; Aorist mathīt- ; amanthiṣṭām- ; amathiṣata- ; future mathiṣyati-, te- manthiṣyati- etc.; mathitā- ; infinitive mood mathitum- etc.; tos- ; m/anthitav/ai- ; ind.p. mathitv/ā-, -m/athya- etc.; manthitvā-, ; -manthya-and -mātham- etc.) . to stir or whirl round etc. ; (with agnim-), to produce fire by rapidly whirling round or rotating a dry stick (araṇi-) in another dry stick prepared to receive it ; (with araṇim-), to rotate the stick for producing fire ; (with ūrum-, hastam-etc.) , to use friction upon any part of the body with the object of producing offspring from it ; to churn (milk into butter) , produce by churning etc. (also with two accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' sudhāṃ- kṣīra-nidhim mathnāti-,"he churns nectar out of the ocean of milk" on ) ; to mix, mingle ; to stir up, shake, agitate, trouble disturb, afflict, distress, hurt, destroy etc. etc.: Passive voice mathy/ate- (Epic also ti-), to be stirred up or churned etc. etc. etc.: Causal manthayati- (), mā), to cause to be stirred up or churned etc.: Desiderative mimathiṣati-, mimanthiṣati- grammar : Intensive māmathyate-, māmantti- etc. [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin mentha,menta; Lit.mentu4re; German minza,Minze; Anglo-Saxon minte; English mint.]  | ||||||
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| mathi | (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'; see ) See urā--, vastra-- and havir-m/athi- (mathīn/ān- wrong reading for matīn/ām-; see math/in-). | ||||||
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| mathin | m. (strong stem, m/anthan-,older m/anthā-; middle math/in-or math/i-[q.v.]; sg. Nominal verb m/anthās- accusative m/anthām-[for mantkānam-See manthāna-under ] ; for mathīn/ām-See mathi-above) a churning-stick, any stick or staff for stirring or churning etc. | ||||||
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| mathna | (only mathn/ā- ), prob. wrong reading for mathr/a-. | ||||||
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| mathra | mfn. shaken, agitated, whirling (see mathn/a-). | ||||||
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| mī | cl.9 P. A1. () mīnāti-, mīnīte- (Ved. also min/āti-and minoti-; m/īyate-or mīy/ate-[ ]; mimītas-, mimīyāt-[?]; perfect tense mimāya- ; mīmaya- ; mamau-, mimye- grammar; Aorist amāsīt-, amāsta- grammar; meṣṭa- ; Aorist Passive voice /amāyi- ; preceding mīyāt-, māsīṣṭa- grammar; future mātā-, māsyati-, te- grammar; meṣyate- ; infinitive mood -m/iyam-, -miye- ; m/etos- ; ind.p. mītvā-, -mīya-, māya- grammar), to lessen, diminish, destroy (A. and Passive voice to perish, disappear, die) ; to lose one's way, go astray ; to transgress, violate, frustrate, change, alter : Causal māpayati- Aorist amīmapat-. See pra- [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin minuere; Slavonic or Slavonian mi8nij; German minniro,minre,minder; Anglo-Saxon min.] | ||||||
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| mih | f. mist, fog, downpour of water (also plural; mih/o n/apāt-,the demon of the mist)  | ||||||
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| mithunayoni | (n/a--) mfn. produced by copulation  | ||||||
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| mṛj | (confer, compare ; Potential mṛñjyāt- ; cl.1 P. mārjati-, te- ; perfect tense mamārja-, mamṛj/e- etc.;3. plural mamārjuḥ- ; māmṛjuḥ- ; A1. māmṛj/e-, jīta- ; Aorist amṛkṣat-, ṣata- ; amārkṣīt-and amārjīt- ; future mraṣṭā- ; mārṣṭā-or mārjitā- grammar; mrakṣyate-or mārkṣyate- etc.; mārjiṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood marṣṭum-, mārṣṭum-and mārjitum- etc.; ind.p. mṛṣvā- ; -mṛjya- ; -mārjya- ), to wipe, rub, cleanse, polish, clean, purify, embellish, adorn (A1.also "one's self") etc. ; to make smooth, curry (exempli gratia, 'for example' a horse or other animal) ; to stroke ; to wipe off or out, remove, destroy etc. ; to wipe off or transfer (impurity, debt etc.) from one's self upon (locative case) ; to carry away, win ; (mārṣṭi-), to go (): Causal or cl.10. marjayati-, te- (Ved., mārjayati-, te- etc.; Aorist amamārjat- grammar; amīmṛjanta- ; Passive voice mārjate- ), to wipe, rub, cleanse, purify, adorn etc. ; to wipe off, remove, destroy ; (marjayate-), to move about, roam (): Desiderative mimārjiṣati- and mimṛkṣati- grammar : Intensive marmṛjīti- (jm/a-, janta-, parasmE-pada jān/a-), marmṛjy/ate- ; marīmṛjy/ate- ; marmārṣṭi- grammar ; to rub or wipe off, clean, purify (A.also "one's self").[ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin mulgere; Slavonic or Slavonian mle8sti; Lithuanian mi4lsti; German,melke,Milch; English milk.] | ||||||
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| nā | See 2. n/a-.  | ||||||
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| nabh | cl.1 A1. n/abhate-, to burst, be torn or rent asunder ; imperfect tense P. n/abhas-, to break or destroy (?), (see ) ; cl.4.9. P. nabhyati-, nabhnāti- () , to hurt, injure (perfect tense A1. nebhe- ) : Causal nabhayati-, to cause to burst, tear open  | ||||||
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| nabh | f. or m. injury () or injurer (only accusative plural n/abhas-;but see 1. nabh-above ). | ||||||
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| nābhāgadiṣṭa | wrong reading for n/ābhā-n/ediṣṭha- (above) .  | ||||||
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| nābhāganediṣṭha | wrong reading for n/ābhā-n/ediṣṭha- (above) . | ||||||
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| nābhijāta | mfn. (for 1.See 2. n/a-), sprung from a navel (varia lectio)  | ||||||
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| nābhijāta | n/abhimāna- etc. See under 2. n/a-. | ||||||
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| nabhīta | na-bhrāj- etc. See 2. n/a-.  | ||||||
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| nabhorūpa | mfn. (n/a-) "cloud-coloured", gloomy, dark | ||||||
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| naciketa | (metric.) (n/a--) m. (  | ||||||
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| naciketas | (n/a--) m. ( | ||||||
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| nad | cl.1 P. () n/adati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense nanāda-, nedur-, nedire- ; Aorist anā) to sound, thunder, roar, cry, howl etc. (also with nād/am-, śabdam-, svanam-etc.) etc. etc.: Passive voice nadyate- : Causal nad/ayati-, te-, to make resound or vibrate ; nādayati-, te-, to make resonant, fill with noises or cries etc. ; Aorist anīnadat- grammar ; Passive voice nādyate- : Desiderative ninadiṣati- grammar : Intensive 3. plural n/ānadati-, parasmE-pada n/ānadat- ; 3. sg. nānadyate-, parasmE-pada dyamāna- to vibrate or sound violently, to roar, howl, cry, neigh etc.  | ||||||
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| nādara | 1. nadeya- etc. See 2. n/a-. | ||||||
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| nadbhyas | See 2. n/ah-. | ||||||
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| nādh | cl.1 A1. () nādhate-, occurring only in parasmE-pada n/ādhamana-, seeking help, asking begging (see nāth-). | ||||||
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| naga | m. See n/aga-. | ||||||
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| nagna | m. Cardiospermum Halicacabum (confer, compare nagaṇā-); equals vāc- (varia lectio for nan/ā-) [ confer, compare Zend maghnafor naghna-; Lithuanian nugas; Slavonic or Slavonian nagu8; Gothic nagaths; Anglo-Saxon nacod; English naked; German nackt.]  | ||||||
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| nagnācārya | m. a bard (see nagn/a-above) . | ||||||
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| nagnatā | (gn/a--) f. ( ) nakedness. | ||||||
| |||||||
| nah | cl.4 P. A1. () n/ahyati-, te- (Potential -nahet- ; nahyur- ; parasmE-pada A1. n/ahyamāna-[also with pass. meaning] etc.; perfect tense nanāha-, nehe-; future natsyati-, naddhā- [ confer, compare ]; Aorist, anātsīt-, ; anaddha- ; ind.p. naddhvā- grammar; -n/ahya- etc.; infinitive mood -naddhum- ) to bind, tie, fasten, bind on or round or together ; (A1.) to put on (as armour etc.), arm one's self. etc. etc.: Passive voice nahyate-, parasmE-pada hyamāna- (See above) : Causal nāhayati- (Aorist anīnahat- grammar) to cause to bind together : Desiderative ninatsati-, te- grammar : Intensive nānahyate-, nānaddhi-. [Prob. for nagh-; confer, compare Latin nectere, German Nestel(?).] | ||||||
| |||||||
| nah | (only in n/adbihyas- ;but see akṣā-n/ah-) a bond, tie. | ||||||
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| nahi | (n/a-h/i- and ) ind. (gaRa cā (nahikam- gaRa cā | ||||||
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| nahimātra | m. or n. a particular high number (varia lectio mantra-) (see na-māsra-under 2. n/a-). | ||||||
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| naḥkṣudra | See under 3. n/as-. | ||||||
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| nahuṣa | m. equals n/ahus- | ||||||
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| nāhuṣa | mf(ī-)n. (fr. n/ahuṣa-) neighbouring, kindred  | ||||||
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| nāhuṣa | m. (fr. n/ahuṣa-) patron. of yayāti- R etc. Name of a serpent-demon | ||||||
| |||||||
| naiva | ind. (= 2. n/a+eva-) in compound  | ||||||
| |||||||
| nāka | m. ( and fr. 2. n/a-+ 2 -/aka-,"where there is no pain"[?]; see mfn.) vault of heaven (with or scilicet div/as-), firmament, sky (generally conceived as threefold see tri-diva-, tri-nāka-,and ;in there is a fivefold scale, viz. pṛthivī-, antari-kṣa-, div-, divo-nāka-,and svar-jyotis-) etc. | ||||||
| |||||||
| nakīm | (n/a--) ind. not, not at all, never (see ) | ||||||
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| nakin | kis- etc. See under 2. n/a-. | ||||||
| |||||||
| nakis | ind. (n/a--) no one, nobody | ||||||
| |||||||
| nakra | n. the upper timber of a door-frame (see n/ākra-and ) .  | ||||||
| |||||||
| nakṣ | cl.1 P. A1. n/akṣati-, te- (perf. nanakṣ/ur-, kṣ/e- ; Aorist anakṣīt- grammar; future nakṣiṣyati-, nakṣitā- ) to come near, approach, arrive at, get, attain (see 1. naś-; inakṣ-). | ||||||
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| nakṣatraśavas | (n/akṣ-) mfn. equal to stars in number ("going to the gods") . | ||||||
| |||||||
| nakta | n. night (f(n/aktā-).only in naktay/ā- q.v,and as dual number with uṣ/āsā-; see s/a-naktā-and nakto | ||||||
| |||||||
| naktaṃ | (m-before labials) ind. See 1. n/akta-. | ||||||
| |||||||
| nalada | mn. (n/a-) Nardostachys Jatamansi, Indian spikenard etc. (alsof(ā-). ; see narada-)  | ||||||
| |||||||
| nam | cl.1 P. n/amati- (), te- (mostly intrans.; confer, compare ; pr. p. A1. namāna- ; perfect tense P. nā etc.;2. sg. nemitha-,or nanantha- ; subjunctive nan/amas- ;3. plural nemur- ; A1. neme- ;3. plural -nanamire- ; Aorist P. anān- ; anaṃsīt- ; A1. anaṃsta- grammar;3. plural anaṃsata- ; subjunctive naṃsai-, naṃsante- ; future naṃsyati- ; namiṣyati- ; nantā- ; infinitive mood -n/amam-, -n/ame- ; nantum-, namitum- ; ind.p. natvā- ; -natya- ; -namya- ) to bend or bow (either trans. or oftener intr.) to bow to, subject or submit, one's self (with genitive case dative case or accusative) etc. ; (with hiruk-) to turn away, keep aside ; to turn towards id est to aim at (genitive case) with (instrumental case) ; to yield or give way, keep quiet or be silent ; (in gram.) to change a dental letter into a cerebral : Passive voice namyate-, to be bent or bowed ; yield or submit to : Causal nam/ayati- etc. (nāmayati- etc.; nāmyati-[!] ; Aorist anīnamat- ; Passive voice nāmyate-, ti- etc.) to cause to bow or sink, incline etc. ; (with cāpam-) to bend a bow etc. ; to turn away or ward off ; to aim at (genitive case), ; (in gram.) to change a dental letter into a cerebral : Desiderative ninaṃsati-, : Intensive n/annamīti- ; nannamyate- (3. sg. n/amnate- imperfect tense anamnata-, parasmE-pada n/amamāna- ) to bow or submit one's self to (dative case). [ confer, compare Zend nam,nemaiti; Greek , ; Latin nemus; Gothic , Old Saxon , Anglo-Saxon niman; HGerm. ne0man,ne0men,nehmen.] | ||||||
| |||||||
| nāma | ind. (accusative of n/āman-) by name id est named, called etc. etc. (also with nāmatas-and nāmnā-) | ||||||
| |||||||
| namas | n. bow, obeisance, reverential salutation, adoration (by gesture or word;often with dative case exempli gratia, 'for example' rāmāya namaḥ-,salutation or glory to rāma-, often ind.[ gaRa svar-ādi-]; namas- etc.] or mas-kṛtvā-[ ]; n/amas-kṛta-,worshipped, adored) etc. | ||||||
| |||||||
| namasvat | (n/a-) mfn. paying or inspiring veneration | ||||||
| |||||||
| namātra | na-mura- etc. See 2. n/a-. | ||||||
| |||||||
| namovṛkti | f. (n/a-) reverential cleansing (of the barhis-) | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānācetas | (n/ānā-.) mfn. of different mind | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānādharman | (n/ānā-.) mfn. having different customs | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānādhī | (n/ānā-.) mfn. (plural) having different minds or views | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānādhiṣṇya | (n/ānā--) mfn. having different earth-mounds or side-altars | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānāmanas | (n/ānā--) mfn. of various minds | ||||||
| |||||||
| nanandṛ | () or n/anāndṛ- () f. a husband's sister. | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānāprabhṛti | (n/ānā--) mfn. beginning differently | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānāprastāva | (n/ānā--) mfn. having a different prelude (as a sāman-) | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānāvīrya | mf(ā-)n. (n/ānā--) having different powers or effects (as herbs) | ||||||
| |||||||
| nānāvrata | (n/ānā-.) mfn. having different customs or observances | ||||||
| |||||||
| nand | cl.1 P. () n/andati-, Epic also te- (perfect tense nananda- ; future nandiṣyate- , diṣyati-and ditā- grammar; Aorist anandīt-; infinitive mood nanditum- ) to rejoice, delight, to be pleased or satisfied with, be glad of (instrumental case,rarely ablative) etc. etc.: Passive voice nandyate- etc.: Causal nandayati-, te- Aorist ananandat-, to make glad, gladden etc.: Desiderative ninandiṣati- grammar : Intensive nānandyate- | ||||||
| |||||||
| nanu | ind. (2. n/a-+ nu-) not, not at all, never ; (interr.) not? is it not? = nonne etc. etc. (hence often =) certainly, surely, indeed, no doubt (especially in questions amounting to an affirmation exempli gratia, 'for example' nanv ahaṃ te priyaḥ-,am I not your friend id est certainly I am your friend [so also na ca-,there can be no doubt ],or to a request exempli gratia, 'for example' nanu gacchāmi- bhoḥ-,surely I may go , and even as a responsive particle exempli gratia, 'for example' akārṣīḥ kaṭamnanu karomi bhoḥ-,indeed I have made it ;with another interr. or an imperative = pray, please exempli gratia, 'for example' nanu ko bhavān-,pray who are you? ; nanū;in argument often as an inceptive particle implying doubt or objection,"now it may be said, well, but then"etc., especially in nanv astu-,or nanu mā bhūt-tathā | ||||||
| |||||||
| naparājit | na-puṃs- etc. See 2. n/a-. | ||||||
| |||||||
| nāpi | See under 2. n/a-. | ||||||
| |||||||
| nāpita | m. ( n/āp- etc. | ||||||
| |||||||
| napuṃsaka | mf(ā-)n. (n/a--) neither male nor female | ||||||
| |||||||
| narada | m. or n. (prob.) equals n/alada- gaRa kiśarā | ||||||
| |||||||
| nārāśaṃsa | mf(/ī-)n. (fr. n/arā-ś/aṃsa-) relating to the praise of a man or men, laudatory, eulogistic (as a hymn, tale etc.) etc.  | ||||||
| |||||||
| narasiṃha | m. of several princes and authors (also -kavi-, -kavi-rāja-, -ṭhakkura-, -dīkṣita-, -deva-, -paṇḍita-, -bhaṭṭa-, -miśra-, -muni-, -yati-, -yatī | ||||||
| |||||||
| nārāyaṇa | m. (patronymic fr. n/ara- q.v) the son of the original Man (with whom he is generally associated exempli gratia, 'for example' ;he is identified with brahmā- with viṣṇu- or kṛṣṇa- etc.;the apsaras- urvaśī- is said to have sprung from his thigh ;elsewhere he is regarded as a kaśyapa- or aṅgirasa-, also as chief of the sādhya-s, and with jaina-s as the 8th of the 9 black vāsudeva-s) | ||||||
| |||||||
| nāri | f. equals n/ārī- below. | ||||||
| |||||||
| nārī | f. (of r/a- q.v) a woman, a wife (in older language also n/āri-) etc. | ||||||
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| nariṣyat | ṣyanta- etc. See under 2. n/a-. | ||||||
| |||||||
| naś | or naṃś- cl.1 P. A1. n/aśati-, te- (Aorist ānat-, -naṭ- -anaṣṭām-, -nak-[in pra-ṇak-] imperative -n/akṣi-; A1.1. sg. n/aṃśi- preceding naśīmahi-; infinitive mood -n/aśe-), to reach, attain, meet with, find [ confer, compare 1. aś-and nakṣ-; Latin nac-tussum; Lithuanian ne4szti; Slavonic or Slavonian nesti; Gothic gana7hs; German genug; Anglo-Saxon gena7h; English enough.]  | ||||||
| |||||||
| naś | cl.4 P. () n/aśyati- (rarely te-and cl.1.P. n/aśati-, te-; perfect tense nanāśa-,3. plural neśur-; Aorist anaśat- etc.; aneśat-, n/eśat- [ confer, compare on ]; future naśiṣyati- ; naṅkṣyati-, te-[cond. anaṅkṣyata-] ; naśitā- ; naṃṣṭā- ; naṅgdhā- ; infinitive mood naśitum-, naṃṣum- grammar; ind.p. naśitvā-, naṣṭva-, naṃṣṭvā- ) to be lost, perish, disappear, be gone, run away etc. ; to come to nothing, be frustrated or unsuccessful etc.: Causal nāś/ayati-, Epic also te- (Aorist -anīnaśat-; dative case infinitive mood -nāśayadhyai- ) to cause to be lost or disappear, drive away, expel, remove, destroy, efface etc. ; to lose (also from memory), give up ; to violate, deflower (a girl) ; to extinguish (a fire) ; to disappear (in mā- nīnaśah-and naśuḥ-) : Desiderative ninaśiṣati- or ninaṅkṣati- (confer, compare ninaṅkṣu-) ; Desiderative of Causal nināśayiṣati-, to wish to destroy : Intensive nānaśyate- or nānaṃṣṭi- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin nex,nocere]) . | ||||||
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| nas | cl.1 A1. () n/asate- (Aorist Potential nasīmahi- ;pf nese-; future nasitā- grammar) to approach, resort to, join, copulate (especially as husband and wife) ; to be crooked or fraudulent [ confer, compare Greek (),(),; Gothic ga-nizan,nas-jan; Anglo-Saxon gene0san; HGerm.gine0san,genesen.] | ||||||
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| nas | or nās- f. (the strong stem occurs only in dual number n/āsā- ,the weak stem only in nas/ā-, nas/i-, nas/os-[ confer, compare ] and in compound) the nose [ confer, compare nāsā-, nāsikā-; Latin nas-turciunm,na1res; Lithuanian no4sis; Slavonic or Slavonian nosu7; German Nase; Anglo-Saxon nosu; English nose,nostril=nose-thrill,nose-hole.] | ||||||
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| nās | the strong stem of 3. n/as- q.v | ||||||
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| nasaṃvid | na-sukara- etc. See 2. n/a-. | ||||||
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| nāsikavat | (n/ās-) mfn. having a nose, nosed | ||||||
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| nāstika | etc. See under 2. n/a-. | ||||||
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| nāth | cl.1 A1. () n/āthate- etc. (ti- ; perfect tense nanātha-; Aorist anāthīt-; future nāthiṣyati-,or nāthitā- grammar; infinitive mood nāthitum- ; ind.p. -nāthya- ) to seek aid, approach with prayers or requests (locative case) ; to ask, solicit, beg for (genitive case of thing ; confer, compare ; dative case of thing ;with 2 accusative ) ; to have power, be master : Causal nāthayati-, to cause a person to ask for anything id est to grant a request (accusative) (Bombay edition) [ confer, compare  | ||||||
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| nātikalyāṇa | nā | ||||||
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| navacchadi | (n/a-) mfn. having 9 roofs | ||||||
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| navadaśan | or (n/ava-.) | ||||||
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| navagraha | mfn. (for 2.See 4. n/ava-) recently caught. kad-. | ||||||
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| navagva | mf(ā-)n. (n/a-) ( | ||||||
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| navajā | and (n/ava--) | ||||||
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| navakapāla | (n/a-) mfn. distributed in 9 dishes | ||||||
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| navan | plural (Nominal verb accusative r/ava-; instrumental case nav/abhis- ablative dative case bhyas- locative case su-;Class, also navabh/is-, bhy/as-, s/u-; genitive case navān/ām- ) nine [ confer, compare Zend navan; Greek for fr fa Latin,no7vem; Gothic and Old HGerm.niun,OSax. and Anglo-Saxon nigun,NHGerm.neun, English nine.] | ||||||
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| navanīta | n. (n/ava--) fresh butter etc. | ||||||
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| navapañcāśapad | mfn. (n/a-) (Nominal verb pāt-, padī-, pat-) 9-footed | ||||||
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| navaraṅga | See under 4. n/ava-. | ||||||
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| navasrakti | (n/a-) mfn. "9 cornered", consisting of 9 parts (as a hymn) | ||||||
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| navatara | (n/ava--) mfn. (Comparative degree) newer, younger, fresher (see n/avīyas-). | ||||||
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| navavāstva | (n/a-) m. "having 9 dwelling-places", Name of a mythology being | ||||||
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| navaviṃśaśati | f. (n/a-) 29 | ||||||
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| naveda | (only ) and n/avedas- mfn. observing, cognizant (with genitive case) (Clearly not from the negat. na-,but see ) | ||||||
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| nāvya | n. (fr. 1, n/ava-) newness, s, novelty | ||||||
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| navyas | mfn. equals n/avīyas- (genitive case plural sīnām-for sām-, ) | ||||||
| |||||||
| ned | ind. (fr. n/a-+ id-), not, not indeed (equals nai) etc.  | ||||||
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| nihan | P. -hanti- (imperative -jahi- ; parasmE-pada -ghn/a- etc.; 3- sg. A1. -jighnate- ; parasmE-pada jighnamāna- ; perfect tense -jaghāna- etc.;3. plural -jaghnur-, nire- ; future -haniṣyati-, te-, -haṃsyati- ; parasmE-pada -haniṣy/at- ; ind.p. -hatya- [ see a-nihatya-]; infinitive mood -hantave- ; -hantum- ), to strike or fix in, hurl in or upon or against (locative case) etc. ; to make an attempt upon, attack, assail (accusative locative case or genitive case) ; to strike or hew down (also -mow ), kill, overwhelm, destroy etc. etc. (also applied to planets ) ; to hit, touch (literally and figuratively) ; to beat (a drum) ; to punish, visit, afflict ; to attach to (Passive voice -hanyate-,to be fixed upon, with locative case) ; to drop, lower, let sink (hands, wings etc.) ; to speak with the unaccented tone id est with the anudātta- ; (in arithmetic) to multiply commentator or commentary Causal See ni-ghāta-, taya-. | ||||||
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| nij | cl.2 A1. niṅkte- ; cl.3 P.A1. nenekti-, nenikte- (Intensive ?; confer, compare below) (from the present tense stem only 2 plural imperative ninikta- , parasmE-pada nijān/a- , nije- equals ninije- ; perfect tense nineja-, ninije- grammar; future, nekṣyati-, nektā- ; Aorist anijam-, jan- ; anaikṣīt-, nikṣi- ; ind.p. niktv/ā- ; -nijya- ; dative case infinitive mood -nije-. ), to wash, cleanse, purify (A1.one's self) etc. ; to nourish : Passive voice nijyate-, to be washed etc. : Causal nejayati- ; Aorist anīnijat- grammar : Desiderative ninikṣati- grammar : Intensive n/enekti-, nenikt/e- (confer, compare above; Potential neniyāt- ; nenijīsti-, nenijyate- grammar), to wash (one's self). [ confer, compare Greek for; Anglo-Saxon nicor; German Nix,Nixe.] | ||||||
| |||||||
| nisvara | m. Name of agni- (varia lectio ni-svan/a-).  | ||||||
| |||||||
| nitṛp | P. -tṛmpati- (n/a-for n/i-?) .  | ||||||
| |||||||
| no | ind. (fr. 2. n/a-+ u-) and not etc. (in later language also equals na-,"not", for which it is generally used to suit the verse; no | ||||||
| |||||||
| not | (or no | ||||||
| |||||||
| nṛ | m. (accusative n/aram- dative case n/are- genitive case ablative n/aras-, locative case n/ari-; dual number n/arā-, n/arau-; plural Nominal verb vocative case n/aras- accusative n/ṝn-[may also stand for other cases;for the final, n-before p- see ] instrumental case n/ṛbhis-,or nṛbh/is-; dative case ablative n/ṛbhya-or nṛbhy/as- locative case n/ṛṣu-or nṛṣ/u-[ ] genitive case nar/ām-. nṛṇām-or nṝṇām-[ ]) a man, hero (used also of gods) , person  | ||||||
| |||||||
| nu | or nū- cl.2.6. P. () nauti-, nuvati-, (present tense also n/avate-, ti- etc.; parasmE-pada P. nuv/at-, n/avat- A1. n/avamāna- ; perfect tense nunāva- ; Aorist /anūnot-, /anūṣi-, ṣata-, anaviṣṭa- ; anauṣit-, anāvit-, anuvīt- grammar; future naviṣyati-, nuv-; navitā-, nuv- ; ind.p. -nutya-, -nāvam- ; infinitive mood lavitum- varia lectio nuv- ), to sound, shout, exult ; praise, commend etc. etc.: Passive voice nūyate- etc.: Causal nāvayati- Aorist anūnavat- grammar : Desiderative nunūṣati- ; Desiderative of Causal nunāvayiṣati- : Intensive n/onavīti-, nonumas- (imperfect tense anonavur- subjunctive n/avīnot-; perfect tense n/onāva-, nonuvur- ; nonūyate-, nonoti- grammar), to sound loudly, roar, thunder | ||||||
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| oḍikā | f. wild rice (see odan/a-.)  | ||||||
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| pā | cl.1 P. () p/ibati- (Ved. and Epic also A1. te-; rarely pipati-, te- ) cl.2. pāti-, pāth/as-, pānti- ; parasmE-pada A1. papān/a- , p/ipāna- (perfect tense P. pap/au-,2. sg. papātha- ; papitha- ; papīyāt- ; p. papiv/as- ; A1. pape-, papire- ; p. papān/a- ; Aorist or imperfect tense apāt- [ confer, compare ] ; 3. plural apuḥ-[?] ; -pāsta- ; preceding 3. sg. peyās- ; future pāsyati-, te- etc.; pātā- grammar; ind.p. pītv/ā- etc., tvī- ; -pāya- etc.; -pīya- ; pāyam- ; infinitive mood p/ibadhyai- ; pātum- etc.; p/ātave- ; p/ātava/ī- ), to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow (with accusative,rarely genitive case) etc. ; (met.) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears etc.) etc. ; to drink up, exhaust, absorb ; to drink intoxicating liquors : Passive voice pīy/ate- etc. etc.: Causal pāyayati-, te- (perfect tense pāyayām āsā- ; Aorist apīpyat- ; ind.p. pāyayitvā- ; infinitive mood p/āyayitav/ai- ), to cause to drink, give to drink, water (horses or cattle) etc. etc.: Desiderative pipāsati- ( also pipīṣati-), to wish to drink, thirst : Desiderative of Causal pipāyayiṣati-, to wish or intend to give to drink : Intensive pepīyate- (parasmE-pada yamāna-also with pass meaning) , to drink greedily or repeatedly [ confer, compare Greek; AEolic = ; Latin pa1-tus,po1tum,biboforpi-bo; Slavonic or Slavonian pi-ja,pi-ti]  | ||||||
| |||||||
| pā | cl.2 P. () p/āti- (imperative pāh/i-; pr. p. P. p/āt- A1. pān/a- ; perfect tense papau- grammar; Aorist apāsīt- subjunctive pāsati- ; future pāsyati-, pātā- grammar; preceding pāyāt- ; infinitive mood pātum- ), to watch, keep, preserve ; to protect from, defend against (ablative) etc. ; to protect (a country) id est rule, govern ; to observe, notice, attend to, follow : Causal pālayati- See [ confer, compare Zend pa1,paiti; Greek , , etc.; Latin pa-sco,pa-bulum; Lithuanian pe0-mu4]  | ||||||
| |||||||
| pan | cl.1 A1. p/anate- (perfect tense -papana-, papn/e- Aorist 3. sg. paniṣṭa-), to be worthy of admiration or to admire (accusative) : Passive voice pany/ate- : Causal pan/ayati-, te-, to regard with surprise or wonder, to admire, praise, acknowledge ; (A1.) to rejoice at, be glad of (genitive case) (see  | ||||||
| |||||||
| pañcan | plural (said to be fr. pañc/a-]; instrumental case c/abhis-; dative case ablative c/abhyas-; locative case c/asu-[Class. also, cabhis-, cabhy/as-, cas/u- confer, compare ]; genitive case cān/ām-) five etc. (confer, compare under indriya-, kṛṣṭi-, carṣaṇi-, jana-, bhūta-, mātra-, yajña-, svasṛ-etc.) ; sg. Name of ([ confer, compare Zend pan5can; Greek , AEolic ; Latin quinque; Lithuanian penki4; Gothic fimf; German fünf; Anglo-Saxon fif; English five.])  | ||||||
| |||||||
| pāṇivāda | m. equals -ghn/a- (also daka- )  | ||||||
| |||||||
| paras | ind. (with ablative) beyond, on the other side of (also en/ā par/aḥ-)  | ||||||
| |||||||
| paridhāna | n. (and dhān/a-) putting or laying round (esp, wood), wrapping round, putting on, dressing, clothing  | ||||||
| |||||||
| pariman | (only Potential -mamanyāt-; perfect tense -mamn/āthe-; Aorist subjunctive -m/aṃsate-), to overlook, neglect, disregard  | ||||||
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| pathin | m. (strong stem p/anthan-,older p/anthā-;middle path/i-;weak path-; sg. p/anthās-(Nominal verb vocative case), p/anthānam-[ p/anthām- ]; path/ā-, th/e-, th/as-, th/i-; dual number p/anthānau-, path/ibhyām-, path/os-; plural p/anthānas-[ p/anthās-, thāsas- ; path/ayas- ]; path/as-[ pāth/as- , perhaps genitive case sg.?]; path/ibhis-, bhyas-; path/ām-[ thīn/ām- ]; path/iṣu-; see ) a way, path, road, course (literally and figuratively; panthānaṃ- etc.  | ||||||
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| pī | or pi- (connected with  | ||||||
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| pinv | cl.1 P. () p/invati- (parasmE-pada p/invat- ; pinv/at- ; perfect tense pipinva- ; A1.3. plural pinvir/e-; parasmE-pada pinvān/a- ; Aorist apinvīt- grammar; future pinviṣyati-, vitā- ), to cause to swell, distend ; to cause to overflow or abound ; A1. p/invate-, to swell, be distended, abound, overflow (also A1. P.and in P.for A1.) : Causal pinv/ayati- = P. pinvati-  | ||||||
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| piś | (piṃś-) cl.6 P. () piṃśati-, Ved. also A1. te- (perfect tense pip/eśa-, pipiś/e- śre- ; Aorist parasmE-pada piśān/a- ; apeśīt- grammar; future peśiṣyati-, peśitā- grammar), to hew out, carve, prepare (especially meat), make ready, adorn (A1. also"one's self") ; to form, fashion, mould : Passive voice piśy/ate- : Causal peśayate- Aorist apīpiśat- grammar : Desiderative pipiśiṣati- or pipeśiṣati- : Intensive See p/epiśat-, śāna-. ([ confer, compare Greek ; Slavonic or Slavonian pisati; Anglo-Saxon fa7h.]) | ||||||
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| prabhañj | P. -bhan/akti-, to break up, crush, destroy, rout, defeat etc. etc.: Passive voice pr. p. -bhajyamāna-, being broken to pieces or broken up  | ||||||
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| prācīnātāna | m. plural () or n. sg. (; varia lectio plural) equals prācīna-tān/a- q.v  | ||||||
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| praiṇāna | mfn. equals prīṇān/a- (  | ||||||
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| prajñānaghana | m. nothing but knowledge (see under ghan/a-)  | ||||||
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| pramocana | n. discharging, emitting, shedding (Cf. unmocana-pramocan/a-.)  | ||||||
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| prastubh | (only pr. p. A1. -stubhān/a-,with pass. sense) , to urge on with shouts : Causal -stobhayati-, to greet with shouts ; to scoff, deride, insult  | ||||||
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| prath | cl.1 A1. () pr/athate- (rarely P. ti- exempli gratia, 'for example' imperfect tense 2. dual number /aprathatam- ; imperative prathantu- ; perfect tense paprathatuḥ- ;mostly A1. perfect tense paprath/e-, parasmE-pada paprathān/a- ; Aorist prathiṣṭa-, parasmE-pada prathān/a- ; future prathiṣyate-, prathitā- grammar), to spread, extend (intrans.; P.trans. and intrans.), become larger or wider, increase etc. ; to spread abroad (as a name, rumour etc.), become known or celebrated etc. ; to come to light, appear, arise ; to occur (to the mind) : Causal prath/ayati- (rarely te-; Aorist apaprathat- ; subjunctive papr/athat- ; paprathanta- ; pr/athayi- ), to spread, extend, increase etc. (prathayati-tarām- ; A1.intr. ) ; to spread abroad, proclaim, celebrate ; to unfold, disclose, reveal, show ; to extend over id est shine upon, give light to (accusative)  | ||||||
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| prathiman | m. extension, width, greatness etc. (instrumental case prathin/ā- ) | ||||||
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| prātisatvanam | ind. in the direction of the satvan- (sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) (-sutvan/am- )  | ||||||
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| pravaṇa | m. (prob. fr. 1. pra-and suffix vana- see vag-van/a-, sat-van/a-, śuśuk-van/a-;but according to fr. pra-and vana-,"wood";according to others from (in only locative case sg. and once plural;in also ablative sg.)  | ||||||
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| pṛc | cl.7 P. () pṛṇ/akti- A1. pṛṅkt/e- (or cl.2. pṛkte- ; cl.1 P. pṛñcati- ; cl.3 P. pipṛgdhi-, pipṛkta- ; perfect tense papṛcuḥ- ; papṛcāsi-, cyāt-, cān/a- ; Aorist p/arcas-[ parasmE-pada pṛcān/a- ; preceding pricīmahi-] ; aprāk- ; apṛkṣi-, kta- ; aparcīt-, ciṣṭa- grammar; future parciṣyati-, te-, parcitā- ; infinitive mood -p/ṛce-, -p/ṛcas- ), to mix, mingle, put together with (instrumental case,rarely locative case; dhanuṣā śaram-,"to fix the arrow upon the bow"), unite, join etc. ; to fill (A1.one's self?) , sate, satiate ; to give lavishly, grant bountifully, bestow anything (accusative or genitive case) richly upon (dative case) ; to increase, augment (Prob. connected with | ||||||
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| pṛṣṭha | n. the upper side, surface, top, height (with div/aḥ-,or n/ākasya-,the surface of the sky, vault of heaven; see ghṛta-p-)  | ||||||
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| pū | cl.9 P. A1. () pun/āti-, punīt/e- (3. plural A1. pun/ate- , punat/e- ;2. sg. imperative P. punīhi- etc., punāh/i- ) ; cl.1. A1. () p/avate- (of P.only imperative -pava- ,and parasmE-pada genitive case plural pavatām- ; parasmE-pada A1. punān/a-below, p/avamāna-See;1. sg. A1. punīṣe- ; perfect tense pupuvuh-. ve- ; apupot- ; Aorist apāviṣuḥ- subjunctive apaviṣṭa- ; future paviṣyati-, pavitā- grammar; ind.p. pūtv/ā- ; pūtv/ī- ; pavitvā- grammar; -p/ūya-and -pāvam- etc.; infinitive mood pavitum- ), to make clean or clear or pure or bright, cleanse, purify, purge, clarify, illustrate, illume (with s/aktum-,"to cleanse from chaff, winnow";with kr/atum-or manīṣ/ām-,"to enlighten the understanding";with hiraṇyam-,"to wash gold") etc. ; (met.) to sift, discriminate, discern ; to think of or out, invent, compose (as a hymn) ; (A1. p/avate-) to purify one's self. be or become clear or bright ; (especially) to flow off clearly (said of the soma-) ; to expiate, atone for ; to pass so as to purify ; to purify in passing or pervading, ventilate etc. (confer, compare etc.: Causal pav/ayati- or pāvayati- (Epic also te-; Aorist apīpavat- grammar; Passive voice pāvyate- ), to cleanse, purify : Desiderative , pupūṣati-, pipaviṣate- grammar : Desiderative of Causal pipāvayiṣati- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Umbr.pir; German Feuer; English fire.])  | ||||||
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| raśanasammita | (n/a--) mfn. as long as the rope (on the sacrificial post)  | ||||||
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| rathagṛtsa | m. a skilful charioteer, royal coachman (as a particular character) (-kṛtsn/a- )  | ||||||
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| rathasvana | m. (n/a-) "having the sound of a chariots (?), having a sounding chariots", a particular personification  | ||||||
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| ric | cl.7 P. A1. () riṇ/akti-, riṅkte- cl.1 P. () recati- ; cl.4 A1. (confer, compare Passive voice) r/icyate- (Epic also ti-; perfect tense rir/eca-, riric/e- etc. etc.: riricyām-, arirecīt- ; parasmE-pada ririkv/as-, riricān/a- ; Aorist /āraik- ; arikṣi- ; aricat- ; future rektā- grammar, rekṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood rektum- grammar), to empty, evacuate, leave, give up, resign ; to release, set free ; to part with id est sell ("for" instrumental case) ; to leave behind, take the place of (accusative), supplant ; to separate or remove from (ablative) : Passive voice ricy/ate- (Aorist areci-), to be emptied etc. etc. ; to be deprived of or freed from (ablative) ; to be destroyed, perish : Causal (or cl.10. ; Aorist arīricat-), to make empty ; to discharge, emit (as breath, with or scilicet mārutam-), ; to abandon, give up : Desiderative ririkṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive rericyate-, rerekti- [ confer, compare Zend ric; Greek , ; Latin linquo,licet; Lithuanian likti; Gothic leihwan; Anglo-Saxon leo4n; English loan,lend; German li7han,leihen.]  | ||||||
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| ṛju | mf(jv/ī-)n. (;probably fr.), tending in a straight direction, straight (literally and figuratively; opp. to vṛjin/a-), upright, honest, right, sincere etc. etc.  | ||||||
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| rocanāvat | (rocan/ā-- n/a--) mfn. shining, bright  | ||||||
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| ruc | cl.1 A1. () rocate- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also ti-; perfect tense ruroca-, ruruc/e- etc.; subjunctive rurucanta- Potential rurucyās- ; parasmE-pada rurukv/as-, rurucān/a- ; Aorist arucat- ; arociṣṭa- etc.; arukta- ; parasmE-pada rucān/a- ; Aorist Passive voice aroci- ; preceding rucīya- ; rociṣīya- ; ruciṣīya- ; future rocitā- grammar; rociṣyate- ; infinitive mood rocitum- ; ruc/e- ; ind.p. rucitvā-or rocitvā- ), to shine, be bright or radiant or resplendent etc. ; (only in perfect tense P.) to make bright or resplendent ; to be splendid or beautiful or good etc. ; to be agreeable to, please (dative case or genitive case) etc. ; to be pleased with, like (accusative) ; to be desirous of, long for (dative case) : Causal roc/ayati-, te- (Aorist /arūrucat-, cata-; Passive voice rocyate-), to cause to shine ; to enlighten, illuminate, make bright ; to make pleasant or beautiful ; to cause any one (accusative) to long for anything (dative case) ; to find pleasure in, like, approve, deem anything right (accusative or infinitive mood) etc. ; to choose as (double accusative) ; to purpose, intend ; (Passive voice) to be pleasant or agreeable to (dative case) : Desiderative ruruciṣate- or rurociṣate- grammar : Intensive (only p. r/orucāna-) to shine bright [ confer, compare Greek , ;lux,luceo,luna,lumen; Gothic liuhath,lauhmuni; German lioht,lieht,licht; Anglo-Saxon leo4ht; English light.] | ||||||
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| rugṇa | mfn. (sometimes incorrectly written rugn/a-) broken, bent, shattered, injured, checked etc.  | ||||||
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| sac | (connected with) s/acate- (in also P. sacati-and s/iṣakti-,2. sg. s/aścasi-,3. plural saścati-,2. 3. plural saścata-,1. sg. A1. saśce-; parasmE-pada s/acamāna-, sacān/a-and s/aścat-or saśc/at-[ quod vide ]; perfect tense Ved. saścima-, saśc/uḥ-; A1. saścir/e- ; secire- ; Aorist 3. plural asakṣata- ; sakṣat-, sakṣata-, sakṣante-, sakṣīm/ahi- ; asaciṣṭa- grammar; future sacitā-, saciṣyate- ; infinitive mood sac/adhyai- ), to be associated or united with, have to do with, be familiar with, associate one's self with (instrumental case) ; be possessed of, enjoy (instrumental case or accusative) ; to take part or participate in, suffer, endure (instrumental case) ; to belong to, be attached or devoted to, serve, follow, seek, pursue, favour, assist (accusative) ; to he connected with (instrumental case) on ; to fall to the lot of (accusative) ; to be together ; (s/iṣakti-), to go after, follow, accompany, adhere or be attached to (accusative) ; to help any one to anything (two dative case) ; to abide in (locative case) ; (3. plural saścati-and saścata-), to follow, obey ; to belong to (accusative) ; to be devoted to or fond of (accusative) [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin sequor; Lithuanian seku4.]  | ||||||
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| sah | cl.1 A1. () s/ahate- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also ti-and exceptionally sāhati-,once in sg. sahyāmi-; parasmE-pada s/ahat- s/ahamāna-[ q.v ]; perfect tense sehe-, sasāha-; Vedic or Veda also sasā; sākṣīt- ; sakṣati- ; sakṣat-, s/ākṣāma- ; imperative sakṣi-, sā; parasmE-pada s/akṣat- ; /asahisṭa- ; preceding sahyās-, sāhy/āma- ; sākṣīya-. ; s/āhiṣīm/ahi- ; future soḍhā- etc.; sahitā- grammar; sakṣyati- , te- ; sākṣye-[?] ; -sahiṣyati-, te- ; Conditional asahisyat- ; infinitive mood s/ahadhyai- ; s/āḍhyai- ; soḍhum-, sahitum- ; ind.p. soḍhvā- ; sādhvā-, sahitvā- grammar; s/ahya- etc.; s/aham- ), to prevail, be victorious ; to overcome, vanquish, conquer, defeat (enemies), gain, win (battles) ; to offer violence to (accusative) ; to master, suppress, restrain etc. ; to be able to or capable of (infinitive mood or locative case) ; to bear up against, resist, withstand etc. ; to bear, put up with, endure, suffer, tolerate (with na-,"to grudge") etc. ; to be lenient towards, have patience with any one (genitive case) ; to spare any one ; to let pass, approve anything ; (with kalam-, kala-kṣepam-etc.) to bide or wait patiently for the right time : Causal or cl.10. sāhayati- (Aorist asīṣahat-), to forbear : Desiderative of Causal sisāhayiṣati- : Desiderative s/īkṣate- (parasmE-pada s/īkṣat-; according to to , also sisahiṣa-), to wish to overcome : Intensive sāsaṣyate-, sāsoḍhi- (see sā | ||||||
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| śakṛt | n. (the weak cases are optionally formed fr. a base śak/an- confer, compare ; śakṛt- Nominal verb accusative sg. and in the beginning of a compound; genitive case sg. śakn/as- ; instrumental case śakn/ā- , or śakṛtā- instrumental case plural ś/akabhis- ; accusative plural śakṛtas- ), excrement, ordure, feces, dung (especially cow-dung) [ confer, compare Greek ,,; according to to some, , and Latin cacare.]  | ||||||
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| sakthi | n. (derivation doubtful;the base sakth/an-[fr. which accusative plural sakthāni- ] appears in later language only in the weakest cases exempli gratia, 'for example' sg. instrumental case sakthn/ā- genitive case ablative sakthn/as- locative case sakth/ani-,or sakthn/i- see ;there occurs also Nominal verb accusative dual number sakthy/au-[ ] formed fr. a fem. base sakth/ī-), the thigh, thigh-bone  | ||||||
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| śākuna | m. Name of work by vasanta-rāja- (equals śakun/arṇava- q.v)  | ||||||
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| śam | cl.4 P. (), ś/āmyati- (rarely te-,and Epic also śanati-, te-; Vedic or Veda śamyati-, śimyati-,and cl.9. śamnāti-[ ], śamnīṣe-, śamnīthās- imperative śamnīṣva-, śamīṣva-, śamiṣva-, śamīdhvam-; perfect tense śaśāma-, śemuḥ- etc.; śaśam/e- subjunctive śaś/amate- ; parasmE-pada śaśamān/a-[ q.v ]; Aorist /aśamiṣṭhās- ; aśamat- [ confer, compare present tense ]; preceding śamyāt- grammar; future śamiśā-, śamiṣyati- ; ind.p. śamitvā-, śāntvā-, śā), to toil at, fatigue or exert one's self (especially in performing ritual acts) ; to prepare, arrange ; to become tired, finish, stop, come to an end, rest, be quiet or calm or satisfied or contented etc. ; to cease, be allayed or extinguished etc. ; cl.9. (confer, compare above) to put an end to, hurt, injure, destroy : Passive voice śamyate- (Aorist aśami-) : Causal śam/ayati- (mc. also śāmayati-; Aorist aśīśamat-; Passive voice śāmyate-), to appease, allay, alleviate, pacify, calm, soothe, settle etc. ; to put to an end or to death, kill, slay, destroy, remove, extinguish. sup. press etc. ; to leave off, desist ; to conquer, subdue : Desiderative śiśamiṣati- grammar : Intensive śaṃśamīti- (), śaṃśamyate-, śaṃśanti- (grammar), to be entirely appeased or extinguished (perfect tense śaṃśamāṃ cakruḥ- ) . ([ confer, compare Greek ]) ,  | ||||||
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| samana | n. (prob. connected with 2. sam-,or 2. sama-) meeting (see a-saman/a-), assembly, concourse, festival  | ||||||
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| samāna | mf(/ī-,or ā-)n. (connected with 1. and 2. sama-;in ablative sg. samān/asmās-for samān/āt-See 1. sama-;for sam-ana-See sam-) etc.  | ||||||
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| samānabandhu | (n/a--) mf(u-)n. having the same relatives | ||||||
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| samānabarhis | (n/a--) mfn. having the same sacrificial grass | ||||||
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| samānadhiṣṇya | (n/a-.) mfn. having the same dhiṣṇya- (q.v) | ||||||
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| samānajanman | mfn. (n/a--) having the same origin | ||||||
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| samānaloka | (n/a-) mfn. gaining the same heaven | ||||||
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| samānanidhana | (n/a--) mfn. having the same conclusion | ||||||
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| samānapātra | (n/a--) mfn. having the same cup | ||||||
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| samānaprabhṛti | (n/a--) mfn. beginning equally | ||||||
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| samānasambandhana | (n/a--) mf(ā-)n. equally connected | ||||||
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| samānatā | f. (n/a--) equality with (genitive case or compound) etc. | ||||||
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| samānatas | ind. (n/a-.) uniformly | ||||||
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| samānatra | (n/a--) ind. on the same spot | ||||||
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| samānavarcas | mfn. (n/a--) having equal vigour etc. | ||||||
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| samānayojana | (n/a--) mfn. yoked in the same way, equally harnessed | ||||||
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| samānayoni | (n/a--) mfn. born from the same womb | ||||||
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| saṃkan | (only p. -cakān/a-), to be pleased or satisfied  | ||||||
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| saṃnaś | (only in Vedic or Veda infinitive mood saṃn/aśe-), to reach, attain  | ||||||
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| saṃvid | A1. (see ) -vindate- (parasmE-pada -vidān/a- q.v), to find, obtain, acquire ; to meet with (instrumental case), be joined or united to : Passive voice -vidyate-, to be found or obtained, be there, exist : Intensive See -v/evidāna- below.  | ||||||
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| sanadrayi | (san/ad--) mfn. bestowing wealth  | ||||||
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| sanadvāja | mfn. (san/ad--) acquiring or bestowing wealth | ||||||
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| śapanatara | (śapan/a--) mfn. inclined to cursing  | ||||||
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| saptan | sg. and plural (Nominal verb accusative sapt/a-; instrumental case t/abhis-; dative case ablative t/abhyas-; genitive case tān/ām- locative case t/asu-) seven (a favourite number with the Hindus, and regarded as sacred, often used to express an indefinite plurality [in the same manner as "three" , by which it is sometimes multiplied];hence 7 mātṛ-s, 7 streams, 7 oceans, 7 cities[ ] , 7 divisions of the world, 7 ranges of mountains, 7 ṛṣi-s, 7 vipra-s[ ] , 7 āditya-s, 7 dānava-s, 7 horses of the Sun, 7 flames of fire, 7 yoni-s of fire, 7 steps round the fire at marriage, 7 samidh-s, 7 tones, 7 sacrificial rites, 7 maryādā-s, thrice 7 padāni- or mystical steps to heaven[ ], thrice 7 cows etc.) [ confer, compare Zendhapta; Greek ; Latin septem; Lithuanian septyni1; Slavonic or Slavonian sedmi8; Gothic sibun; German sieben; English seven.] | ||||||
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| satīka | satīn/a-, satīya- See p.1135.  | ||||||
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| satīnakaṅkata | (n/a--) m. (according to to ) an aquatic snake  | ||||||
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| satīnamanyu | (n/a--) mfn. really angry or zealous ("eager to [shed] rain-water") | ||||||
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| satīnasatvan | (n/a--) mfn. leading real warriors (applied to indra-) ("a sender of water") | ||||||
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| śī | cl.2 A1. () ś/ete- (with guṇa- throughout the proper stem : thus, ś/aye-[in also 3. sg. ], ś/eṣe-etc., 3. plural ś/erate-[in also ś/ere-and Class. śayire-]; Potential ś/ayīta- etc.; imperative -śetām-and śayām- ; imperfect tense aśeta- etc., 3. plural aśerata-[in also /aśeran-], parasmE-pada ś/ayāna- etc.;Ved. and Epic also cl.1. ś/ayate-, ti-; imperfect tense /aśayat-and aśāyata- ; perfect tense śiśye-, śiśyire- ; parasmE-pada Ved. śaśayān/a-,Class. śiśyāna-; Aorist aśayiṣṭa- subjunctive ś/eṣan- ; future śayitā- sg. t/āse- ; śayiṣyate-, ti- ; śeṣyate-, ti- ; infinitive mood śay/adhyai- ; śayitum- ; ind.p. śayitvā- etc.; -śayya- ), to lie, lie down, recline, rest, repose etc. ; to remain unused (as soma-) ; to lie down to sleep, fall asleep, sleep etc. ; (with patye-) to lie down to a husband (for sexual intercourse) ; (madanena- : Passive voice śayyate- grammar (Aorist aśāyi- , pr.p. once in śīyat-): Causal śāyayati-, te- (Aorist aśīśayat-), to cause to lie down, lay down, put, throw, fix on or in (locative case) etc. ; to cause to lie down, allow to rest or sleep : Desiderative | ||||||