jal cl.1. lati -perfect tense jajāla -jāla -jaḍ -jaḍa -cl.10. jālayati -jal amfn. equals jaḍa -see jal -see lā -lā -varia lectio ) jal am. gaRa jvalā -jal am. Name of a man (with the patronymic jātūkarṇya -jal an. plural ) water, any fluid in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā - jal an. jal an. astrology ) jal an. go -kalaka -lana -jal an. equals jaḍa -jal āf. Name of a river jal aNom. lati -jal abandhakam. jal abandhum. jal abhājanan. equals pātra -jal abhautamfn. jal ābhiṣekam. equals la -seka -jal abhṛtm. jal abhūmfn. jal abhūm. jal abhūm. equals pippalī -jal abhūṣaṇam. jal abiḍālam. equals nakula -jal abilvam. equals valkala -jal abilvam. jal abilvam. jal abilvam. equals catvara -jal abimba equals dimbikā - jal abindum. jal abindum. Name of a tīrtha -jal abinduf. Name of a nāga -jal abindujāf. yava -nāla -jal abrahmīf. jal abṛṃhaṇaflood of water, jal abudbudam. jal acakran. Name of a mythic region jal acañcalam. Name of a fish jal acandram. Name of a poet jal acaram. jal acaram. jal acarajīvam. plural varia lectio for lajā -jal acarājīvam. jal acārinmfn. jal acārinm. jal acatvaran. jal adam. jal adam. jal adam. jal adam. Name of a prince, jal adam. varṣa -śāka -dvīpa -jal adam. plural Name of a school of the jal adan. varia lectio for ja -q.v jal aḍāf. gaRa bāhv -ādi -jal adābhamfn. jal adāgamam. jal adaivatyan. svāti -jal adakālam. jal adakālakṣayam. jal adānan. ujjayinī -jal adapaṅktif. jal adarduram. jal adasamayam. equals kāla -jal adasaṃhatif. jal adāśanam. jal adātyayam. equals da -kṣaya -jal adevan. aṣāḍhā -jal adevatāf. jal adharam. jal adharam. jal adharam. jal adharam. jal adharam. jal adhāram. Name of a mountain jal adhāram. varṣa -śāka -dvīpa -jal adhārāf. jal ādhāram. equals la -sthāna -jal ādhāram. Name of a mountain jal adharābhyudayam. equals jaladā -jal adharagarjitaghoṣasusvaranakṣatrarājasaṃkusumitābhijñam. nakṣatra -Name of a buddha -jal adharamālāf. equals jalada -paṅkti -jal adharamālāf. jal adhāraṇan. jal adhenuf. jal adhim. jal adhim. jal ādhidaivatan. equals la -deva -jal ādhidaivatan. varuṇa -jal adhigāf. jal adhijāf. lakṣmi -jal adhikanyakāf. equals jā -jal adhinandinīf. equals jā -jal ādhipam. equals pati -jal ādhipam. varuṇa -jaḍa -jal ādhipatim. varuṇa -jal adhiraśanamfn. jal adhisambhavamfn. jal adhitāf. jal ādhvanm. equals layātrā -jal āḍhyamfn. jal ādhyakṣam. idem or 'm. varuṇa - jal adimbam. jal adravyan. equals ja -dr -jal adroṇīf. jal advipam. Name of an animal jal advīpam. Name of an island yava -dv -jal agāhanan. jal āgamam. jal agambum. Name of a son of sūrya -jal agandhebham. jal agarbhamfn. jal agarbham. Name of a son of vāhana -ananda -jal aghaṭif. equals kumbha -jal agrihan. jal agulmam. jal agulmam. equals catvara -jal agulmam. jal ahan. yantra -gṛha -jal ahāram. equals vāhaka -jal aharaṇan. jal ahārīf. jal ahāriṇīf. equals nirgama -jal ahāsam. jal ahāsakam. idem or 'm. jal ahastinm. equals dvipa -jal āhatif. jal ahīnamfn. jal ahradam. Name of a man gaRa śivā -jal āhvayan. jal ajamfn. jal ajam. jal ajam. jal ajam. jal ajam. Name of several signs of the zodiac connected with water jal ajam. n. jal ajan. equals ja -dravya -jal ajan. equals ruh -jal ajan. varia lectio la -da -jal ajan. equals la -kuntala -jal ajan. equals vetasa -jal ajāf. jal ajadravyan. jal ajājīvam. plural jal ajākṣīf. jal ajakusuman. compound jalajakusumayoni ma -yoni -m. brahmā -jal ajakusumayonim. jalajakusuma jal ajambukāf. jambu -jal ajambukālatāf. Name of an aquatic plant jal ajanmann. jal ajantum. jal ajantukāf. jal ajāsanam. brahmā -jal ajasumanāf. jal ajātam. equals vetasa -jal ajekṣaṇāf. equals jā -jal ajihvam. jal ajinīf. ja -jal ajinībandhum. jal ajīvinmfn. jal ajīvinm. jal ajīvinīf. equals jantukā -jal ajñānan. Name of a Vedantic treatise. jal akan. jal akākam. jal akalkam. jal akalmaṣam. jal akāmukāf. kuṭumbinī -jal akāṅkṣam. jal ākāṅkṣam. equals la -k -jal akāṅkṣinm. idem or 'm. jal akāntam. jal akāntam. equals ntā -jal akaṇṭakam. equals kubjaka -jal akaṇṭakam. jal akāntāram. varuṇa -jal akāntāśmanm. jal akapim. jal akapotam. Name of a bird jal akaramfn. jal akaram. id est from fisheries etc.) jal ākaram. jal akaraṅkam. jal akaraṅkam. jal akaraṅkam. jal akaraṅkam. jal akaraṅkam. jal akelim. f. jal akelivarṇanan. Name of hari -nātha -jal akeśam. equals kuntala -jal aketum. Name of a comet, jal akhagam. jal ākhum. jal akirāṭam. jal akrīḍāf. equals keli -jal akriyāf. jal akṛtmfn. jal akṣālanavidhim. Name of work jal ākṣīf. equals la -pippalī -jal akubjakam. jal akukkubham. jal akukkuṭam. jal akukkuṭīf. jal akumārakam. Name of a disease of women. jal akumbham. jal akumbhikāf. jal akuntalam. jal akūpīf. jal akūpīf. jal akūpīf. jal akūrmam. jal āladīnāhakavarasāham. [email protected] (see jallāladīndra -jal alatāf. jal alekhāf. jal alohitam. Name of a rakṣas -jal ālokāf. equals lukā -jal āluhan. equals lūka -jal āluhāf. equals lāyukā -jal ālukam. jal ālūkan. jal amadgum. jal amadhūkam. Name of a tree jal amagnamfn. jal amakṣikāf. jal amandiran. equals yantra -m -jal amānuṣam. equals pūruṣa -jal amānuṣam. n. equals nara -jal amānuṣīf. pūruṣa -jal amārgam. equals nirgama -jal amārjāram. equals biḍāla -jal amarkaṭam. equals kapi -jal amasim. jal amātaṅgam. equals dvipa -jal āmatran. equals la -droṇī -jal amātreṇa instrumental case ind. jal amayamf(ī - jal amayamf(ī - equals magna -jal ambalan. jal ambalan. jal āmbaram. Name of rāhula -bhadra -jal āmbikāf. jal āmbugarbhāf. Name of gopā -jal aṃdhamam. Name of one of skanda -jal aṃdhamam. dānava -jal aṃdhamāf. Name of a daughter of kṛṣṇa -jal aṃdharam. gaRa 1. naḍā -Name of a man jal aṃdharam. asura -śiva -brahmā -jal aṃdharam. Name of a particular mudrā -jal aṃdharapuran. Name of a town jal aṃgam. jal aṃgama varia lectio for janaṃ -g - jal amitram. jal amodan."water-enjoyer", the root of Andropogon muricatus varia lectio lā - jal āmodaSee la -m -jal āṃśum. equals jaḍā -jal amucmfn. jal amucm. jal amūrtim. śiva -jal amūrtikāf. jal anāḍīf. jal anakulam. jal anaram. idem or 'm. jal āñcalan. jal āñcalan. equals lakuntala -jal āṇḍakan. jal anidhim. jal anidhim. Name of a man jal anidhivacasn. plural "ocean-words" equals sāmudrika -śāstra -jal anīlīf. equals kuntala -jal anīlikāf. equals kuntala -jal anirgamam. jal anivaham. jal āñjal im. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' lika -jal āṇṭakam. Name of a large aquatic animal jal āntakamfn. jal āntakam. Name of a son of kṛṣṇa -jal āntamind. jal āṇukan. equals ṇḍaka -jal ānusāram. jal apādam. Name of a frog-king jal apadavif. equals nirgama -jal apaddhatif. idem or 'f. equals nirgama - jal apakṣacaram. equals khaga -jal apakṣinm. idem or 'm. equals khaga - jal apālikāf. jal apānan. jal apārāvatam. equals kapota -jal aparṇikāf. Name of a plant jal aparyāyam. jal āpasparśanan. id est ) using water jal apatham. gaRa devapathā -equals yātrā -jal apatham. Name of a himā -jal apatim. varuṇa -jal apātran. jal apattanan. jal apavitran. jal aphalan. jal aphenam. jal apīnam. Name of a fish jal apippalīf. likā -jal apippikāf. jal apittam. n. jal aplavam. equals plāvana -jal aplavam. equals nakula -jal aplāvanan. jal apradānan. jal apradānikamfn. parvan -jal apralayam. jal aprāntam. jal aprapātam. jal aprasaraṇa"flowing off from water", oil jal apravāham. jal aprāyamfn. jal aprāyan. jal apriyam. jal apriyam. cātaka -jal apriyam. jal apriyāf. Name of dākṣāyaṇī -jal apṛktamfn. jal apṛṣṭhajāf. equals kuntala -jal apūram. jal apūram. Name of a mythic hero, jal apūrṇamfn. yoga -m. jal apūrṇafilled with tears, jal apūruṣam. Name of a mythic being jal apūrvakamind. jal apuṣpan. jal arākṣasīf. Name of a female demon (mother of the nāga -hanumat -jal arākṣasīf. su -rasā -jal araṇḍam. jal araṇḍam. jal araṇḍam. jal arañjam. idem or 'm. jal araṅkam. jal araṅkum. jal arasam. jal arāśim. jal arāśim. jal ārdramfn. jal ārdram. equals drā -jal ārdrāf. jal ārdram. jal ārdrikāf. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' equals drā -jal arekhāf. equals lehhā -jal arekhāf. jal ārkam. equals la -sūrya -jal ārṇavam. jal ārṇavam. equals la -samudra -jal ārthinmfn. jal aruhm. jal aruham. jal aruhan. equals ruh -jal aruhakusuman. jal aruhekṣaṇamfn. jal aruṇḍam. equals raṇḍa -jal arūpam. equals makara -jal arūpakam. idem or 'm. equals makara - jal āṣamfn. jal āṣan. ṣ/a -jal āṣan. sukha -jal āṣabheṣaja(j/al -mfn. rudra - jal āṣah(Nominal verb ṣāḍ -accusative ṣāham -gaRa suṣāmā -mfn. jal āsahVed. mfn. equals ṣah - jal āsāhamfn. equals ṣah -jal asambhavam. equals vetasa -jal asaṃdham. Name of a son of dhṛta -rāṣṭra -jal asaṃniveśam. jal asamparkam. jal asaṃsargam. jal asamudram. jal asarasan. Name of ? jal aśarkarāf. jal asarpiṇīf. jal asātind. sam -pad -jal aśayam. id est on his serpent-couch above the waters, during the 4 months of the periodical rains and during the intervals of the submersion of the world)", viṣṇu -jal āśayamfn. jal āśayamfn. jal āśayam. jal āśayam. jal āśayam. equals la -kubjaka -jal āśayan. equals la -moda -jal āśayāf. jal aśayanam. id est on his serpent-couch above the waters, during the 4 months of the periodical rains and during the intervals of the submersion of the world)", viṣṇu -jal āśayāntaran. jal āśayapratiṣṭhāf. Name of work jal aśāyinmfn. jal aśāyinm. equals śaya -jal aśāyitīrthan. Name of a tīrtha -jal āśayotsargatattvan. Name of jal āśayotsargavidhim. Name of work by kamalākara -bhaṭṭa -jal aśayyāf. jal asekam. jal asiktamfn. jal asnānan. jal aśoṣam. jal asrāvam. jal āśrayam. śaya -jal āśrayam. jal āśrayam. jal āśrayāf. jal āśrayāf. jal astambham. jal astambhanan. idem or 'm. , GarP. jal asthamfn. jal asthāf. jal astham. jal asthānan. jal āṣṭhīlīf. jal aśucimfn. jal asūcim. jal asūcim. jal asūcim. equals vyatha -jal asūcim. jal asūcim. equals kubjaka -jal aśūkam. Name of an animalcule living in mud jal āsukāf. equals lā -jal asūkaram. jal asūkaram. jal aśuktif. jal aśunakam. equals nakula -jal asūryam. jal asūryakam. jal atāf. jal atāḍanan. jal atālam. idem or 'm. jal āṭanam. jal ataṇḍulīyan. Name of a pot-herb jal āṭanīf. jal atāpikam. equals pin -jal atāpikam. jal atāpinm. jal ataraṃgam. jal ataraṃgam. jal ataraṃgiṇīf. jal ataskaram. jal atiktikāf. jal ātmikāf. jal ātmikāf. varia lectio for lā -jal atrāf. jal atrāsam. jal atrāsinmfn. jal atumbikānyāyam. jal aturagam. jal ātyayam. equals ladā -jal augham. jal aukam. equals kasa -jal aukāf. idem or 'm. equals kasa - jal aukasmfn. jal aukasm. jal aukasm. Name of a Kashmir king jal aukasf. plural only) equals kasa -jal aukasf. jal aukasamn. jal aukasāf. idem or 'mn. jal aukāvacāraṇīyamfn. jal avāditan. jal avādyan. jal avāhamfn. jal avāham. jal avāhakam. jal avāhanam. Name of a physician (gautama -buddha -jal avāhanan. jal avāhanīf. jal avālakam. id est ) clouds ", Name of the vindhya -jal avālikāf. jal avalkalan. jal avallīf. equals kubjaka -jal avālukam. equals laka -jal avaraṇṭam. jal āvartam. jal avartikāf. jal avāsamfn. equals sin -jal avāsam. jal avāsam. jal avāsan. equals moda -jal avāsāf. jal avāsinmfn. jal avāsinm. Name of a bulbous plant jal avatmfn. jal āvatāram. jal avāyasam. equals kāka -jal avetasam. jal avihaṃgamam. jal āvilamfn. jal avīryam. Name of a son of bharata -jal aviṣuvan. jal aviṣuvan. jal avṛścikam. jal avyadham. idem or 'm. jal avyālam. jal avyālam. jal avyatham. jal āyaNom. yate -jala -jal ayānan."water-vehicle", a boat, ship jal ayantran. equals traka -jal ayantran. jal ayantracakran. jal ayantragṛhan. jal ayantrakan. jal ayantramandiran. idem or 'n. equals gṛha - jal ayantraniketanan. equals gṛha -jal ayātrāf. jal āyukāf. jal e locative case of la -q.v jal ebham. equals la -dvipa -jal ebhīf. jal ecaramf(ī - jal ecaram. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā - jal ecaram. jal ecaram. jal ecchayāf. jal ejātan. jal elāf. Name of one of the mothers attending on skanda -jal endhanam. jal endram. equals lā -jal endram. jal endram. Name of a jina -jal eruham. Name of an Orissa king jal eruhāf. jal eśam. equals lā -jal eśam. jal eśayamfn. jal eśayam. jal eśayam. equals la -ś -jal eśayam. saptā -jal eśvaram. equals lā -see jal eśvaram. jal eśvaram. Name of a sanctuary jal eśvaram. jal eśvaratīrthan. varia lectio for jvāl -jal evāham. jal eyum. Name of a son of raudrā -jal haṇam. Name (also title or epithet) of a poet (contemporary of maṅkha -jal ikāf. equals lau -jal ikā lukā -See above. jal lakinSee acyuta -jal lāladīndram. [email protected] 'ddIn. jal occhvāsam. equals la -nirgama -jal odaran. jal odbhavamfn. jal odbhavam. jal odbhavam. Name of a water-demon (slain by kaśyapa -jal odbhavam. Name of a place jal odbhavāf. laghu -brāhmī -jal odbhavam. jal odbhūtamfn. jal odbhūtāf. equals lā -jal oddhatagatif. jal okam. Name of a Kashmir king jal okāf. equals laū -jal okikāf. equals lokā -jal onnādam. Name of one of the attendants of śiva -jal opalam. equals la -śarkarā -jal oragī"water-snake", a leech jal plap -reduplicated ?) cl.1. j/alpati -Epic also A1. perfect tense jajalpa -instrumental case or sā -accusative ) arc -Causal jalpayati -Va1rtt. 3. jal pam. gaRa uñchā -plural ) jal pam. plural ) chatter, gossip, jal pam. jal pam. Name of a ṛṣi -jal pan. lpya -jal pan. see citra -bahu -jal pakamfn. jal pakam. jal pākamfn. jal pakalpalatāf. Name (also title or epithet) of work jal pakalpatarum. Name (also title or epithet) of work jal panamfn. gaRa nandyādi -jal panan. jal panan. jal peśvaramāhātmyan. Name (also title or epithet) of work jal pif. jal pif. jal pinmfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' speaking jal pitamfn. jal pitamfn. jal pitan. jal pitṛmfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' See bahu -jal pyan. jal ukāf. equals lau -jal ūkāf. idem or 'f. equals lau - jal ūkāf. equals tṛṇa -see jāūka -ābaddhāñjal i mfn. equals kṛtā -abhijal p to address ; to accompany with remarks ; to advocate ; to settle by conversation abjal a m. acyutajal lakin m. Name of a commentator of the amara -koṣa -agādhajal a mfn. agādhajal a n. ajal ambana n. ajal oma n. ajal oman m. ajal oman mf(mnī - ajal oman n. ajal omī f. akālajal adodaya m. anāhūtopajal pin m. ānandajal a n. añjal a See and v. below. añjal a only in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' for añjali -q.v añjal i See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order below. añjal i m. añj -añjal i m. udakā -añjal i m. kuḍava -añjal ibandhana n. añjali -añjal ika mn. Name of one of arjuna -añjal ikā f. añjal ikārikā f. añjal ikārikā f. añjal ikarman n. añjal īkṛta mfn. añjali -āñjal ikya n. añjalika -gaRa purohitā -q.v ) añjal ipuṭa m. n. añjali -annajal a n. antarjal acara mfn. antarjal augha m. anujal p to follow in talking ; A1. jalpate - asijal a n. atijal a mfn. avahitāñjal i mfn. baddhāñjal i mfn. see añjali -baddhāñjal ipuṭa mfn. bahujal pa mfn. bahujal pitṛ m. baijal adeva m. Name of a prince and author see bijala -bīja -bhagavatīpadyapuṣpāñjal i m. Name of work bhavajal a n. bhujal atā f. bījal a mfn. see baijala -bījal īlāvatī f. Name of work -1. bījāñjal i m. brahmāñjal i m. veda -brahmāñjal ikṛta mfn. veda -citrajal pa m. dānakusumāñjal i m. Name of work dhārājal a n. dhautāñjal ī f. equals try -aṅkaṭa -ṅgaṭa -dṛgjal a n. durjal a n. dvijal iṅgin mfn. dvijal iṅgin mfn. kṣatriya -dvijal iṅgin mfn. dvyañjal a n. ekāñjal i m. gajal īla m. gandhajal a n. gaṅgājal a n. gharmajal a n. gojal a n. gopajal ā f. equals go -capalā -hastāñjal i m. See añjali -hatajal pita n. plural useless talk hemakiñjal ka m. n. hemakiñjal ka n. nāgakesara -hijjal a m. varia lectio ) ijjal a m. īṣajjal a (īṣaj -jala -n. jājal a m. plural Va1rtt. 1 ) jājalin -Name of a school of the jājal āyani m. patronymic fr. la -li -gaRa tikā -jājal i m. Name of a teacher jājal in m. idem or 'm. Name of a teacher Va1rtt. 1. jājal la m. Name of several princes (A.D. 1114 etc.) jajjal a Name of a man, jajjal ā ind. onomatopoetic (i.e. formed from imitation of sounds) ) with kṛ -jalgalyamāna -jarjal pa See n/ir -kaiñjal ka mfn. kājal a n. See 2. kā -kājal a mfn. caraka -kājal a n. kajjala -quod vide ?), kajjal a m. kad -jala -kajjal a f(ā -ī - kajjal a n. kajjal a n. kajjal a n. figuratively ) dregs kajjal adhvaja m. kajjal amaya mfn. kajjal arocaka m. n. kajjal ī f. kajjal ī f. kajjal ikā f. especially made of mercury) kajjal ita mfn. gaRa tārakā -kajjal ita mfn. kajjal ītīrtha n. Name of a tīrtha -kakuñjal a m. cātaka -see kapiñjala -kañjal a m. kapiñjal a m. etymology doubtful) the francoline partridge, heathcock kapiñjal a m. equals caṭaka -kapiñjal a m. Name of a vidyādhara -kapiñjal a m. kapiñjal a m. kapiñjal ā f. Name of a river kāpiñjal a mfn. kap -kāpiñjal a m. patronymic fr. kap -varia lectio kup -gaRa śivā -kapiñjal āda m. Name of a man (see kāpiñjalādi -kāpiñjal āda m. plural kāpiñjalādya -kāpiñjal ādi m. patronymic fr. kapiñjalā -gaRa kurv -ādi -kāpiñjal ādya m. patronymic fr. lādi -kapiñjal anyāya m. kapiñjala -kapiñjal ārma n. Name of an old city (see arma -kāpiñjal i m. patronymic fr. kapiñjala -karapuṭaṭāñjal i m. karṇajal aukā f. idem or 'n. karṇajal aukas n. karṇajal ūkā f. equals kīṭā -karṇāñjal i m. kaupiñjal a m. patronymic fr. ku -p -gaRa śivā -kaupiñjal a mfn. khajal a n. id est dew, rain, fog khañjal ekha for khela - kiñjal a m. equals jalka -kiñjal ka mn. kiṃ -j -gaRa kiṃśukā -kiñjal ka n. kiñjal kin mfn. kṛmijal aja m. kṛtāñjal i mfn. kṛtāñjal i m. kṛtāñjal ipuṭa mf(ā - kṣapājal a n. kubjal īḍha m. Name of the founder of a sect (varia lectio kubjā -kulakajjal a m. kuñjal a m. Name of one of skanda -kuñjal a n. see kāñjika -kūpajal a n. kūpajal odvāhana n. equals kūpa -cakra -kupiñjal a m. Name of a man gaRa śivā -kupiñjal a etc. See 1. ku - kusumāñjal i f. kusumāñjal i f. Name of a philosophical work (written by udayana -ācārya -kārikā -kusumāñjal ikārikāvyākhyā f. Name of commentary on the preceding work kusumāñjal imakaraṇḍa m. Name of commentary on the preceding work kusumāñjal iprakāśa m. Name of commentary on the preceding work kusumāñjal iprakāśamakaraṇḍa m. Name of commentary on the preceding work kusumāñjal iṭīkā f. Name of commentary on the preceding work kusumāñjal ivṛtti f. Name of commentary on the preceding work kusumāñjal ivyākhyā f. Name of commentary on the preceding work lavaṇajal a mfn. lavaṇajal a m. lavaṇajal adhi m. lavaṇajal anidhi m. lavaṇajal odbhava m. madajal a n. madhyejal āt ind. mahāgajal akṣaṇa n. Name of work mājal a m. mājal apura n. Name of a city. majjal a m. Name of one of skanda -varia lectio majjāna -see majjana -maṇijal ā f. Name of a river manojal pa m. mantrajal a n. mantrapuṣpāñjal i m. Name of work manujal oka m. maṣijal a n. maṣījal a n. mīmāṃsākusumāñjal i m. Name of work mithyājal pita n. mṛgajal a n. See tṛṣ -mṛgajal asnāna n. mṛgarājal akṣman mfn. muktāphalajal a n. equals muktā -j -q.v ) nāgakiñjal ka n. nātijal paka mfn. nayanajal a n. nayanāñjal a wrong reading for nā - netrajal a n. equals prec. n. netrajal asrava m. nijal ābhapūrṇa mfn. nikāmajal a mfn. nirjal a mf(ā - m. n. nirjal a mf(ā - nirjal ada mf(ā - nirjal aikādaśī f. jyaiṣṭha -nirjal amīnāya Nom. A1. yate -nirjal atoyadābha mfn. id est white, fair nirjarjal pa (n/ir -mfn. varia lectio jalmaka - niśājal a n. nivāpāñjal i m. nivāpāñjal idāna n. niyatāñjal i mfn. nṛjal a m. nyañjal ikā f. añjali -nyāyakusumāñjal i m. nyāyakusumāñjalikārikā kārikā -f. nyāyakusumāñjaliprakāśa prakāśa -m. nyāyakusumāñjalivikāśa vikāśa -m. nyāyakusumāñjaliviveka viveka -m. Name of work nyāyakusumāñjal ikārikā f. nyāyakusumāñjali nyāyakusumāñjal iprakāśa m. nyāyakusumāñjali nyāyakusumāñjal ivikāśa m. nyāyakusumāñjali nyāyakusumāñjal iviveka m. nyāyakusumāñjali nyāyapuṣpāñjal i m. Name of work pādajal a n. pādajal a mfn. id est mixed with) one fourth of water padmapuṣpāñjal istotra n. Name of a stotra -padyaprasūnāñjal i m. Name of work palyakathāpuṣpāñjal i m. Name of work pañjal a m. pañjarakapiñjal a m. paṅkajal āvam ind. lū -pārejal am ind. parihāsavijal pita mfn. parijal p P. jalpati -accusative ) parijal pita n. pariṣvañjal ya (p/ari -m. n. particular domestic utensil patañjal a m. Name of a man patañjal a m. plural his family gaRa upakā -pātañjal a mf(ī - patañjali -pātañjal a m. yoga -patañjali -pātañjal a n. patañjali - pātañjalīya līya -n. pātañjal a n. mahā -bhāṣya -patañjali -pātañjal abhāṣya n. pātañjalabhāṣyavarttika varttika -n. Name of work pātañjal abhāṣyavarttika n. pātañjalabhāṣya pātañjal adarśana n. pātañjal arahasya n. Name of work pātañjal asūtrabhāṣyavyakhyā f. Name of work pātañjal asūtravṛttibhāṣyacchāyā f. Name of work pātañjal atantra n. patañjal i m. pata -añj -see Va1rtt. 4 gaRa śakandhv -ādi -Name of a celebrated grammarian (author of the mahābhāṣya -patañjal i m. yoga -patañjal i m. patañjal icarita n. Name of work patañjal ikāvya n. Name of work patañjal isūtra n. Name of work pātañjal īya n. pātañjala patañjal iyoga m. Name of work piñjal a mfn. piñja -see ut -piñjala -piñjal ā f. Name of a river piñjal a f. ī -see piñjula -piñjal a n. idem or 'f. ī -see piñjula - piñjal a n. piñjal a n. piñjal aka mfn. See ut -piñjalaka -samut -p -prahvāñjal i mfn. prahva prājal a m. plural Name of a Vedic school varia lectio prājvalana -prā -prajal p P. jalpati -prajal pa m. especially words used in greeting a lover) prajal pana n. prajal pita mfn. prajal pita mfn. prajal pita n. pralayajal adharadhvāna m. praṇāmāñjal i m. prāñjal a mfn. pra -añjali -prā -prāñjal a mfn. prāñjal a mfn. prāñjal atā f. prāñjal i mf(i -ī - see añjali -kṛtā -prāñjal i m. plural Name of a school of the sāmaveda -dvaita -bhṛt -varia lectio prājvalanā -dvaita -bhṛtaḥ -prājalā -dvaita -bhṛtyāḥ -prāñjal ībhū to stand holding out the joined and hollowed open hands prāñjal ika (equals prā - prāñjal in (equals prā - prāñjal ipragraha mfn. varia lectio liḥ pragr -prāñjal isthita mfn. prasannajal a mfn. prasravaṇajal a n. prasūnāñjal i mfn. equals puṣpā -prasvedajal a n. pratijal p P. jalpati -pratijal pa m. pratijal paka m. prauḍhajal ada m. prayatāñjal i mfn. puṇyajal a mfn. pūrṇāñjal i m. añjali -pūrvasaṃjal pa m. puṣpāñjal i m. puṣpāñjal i m. Name of several works puṣpāñjal i m. puṣpāñjalistotra stotra -n. Name of work ) puṣpāñjal i m. puṣpāñjalyaṣṭaka lyaṣṭaka -n. Name of work ) puṣpāñjal i mfn. puṣpāñjal istotra n. puṣpāñjali puṣpāñjal yaṣṭaka n. puṣpāñjali puṭāñjal i m. see añjali -rājal akṣaṇa n. rājal akṣaṇa n. rājal akṣman n. a -r -rājal akṣman m. Name of yudhi -ṣṭhira -rājal akṣmī f. rājal akṣmī f. Name of a princess rājal ekha m. rājal īlānāman n. plural Name of vallabhā -kṛṣṇa -rājal iṅga n. rājal oka m. rajanījal a n. rasarājal akṣmī f. Name of medical work rātrijal a n. sahajal alita m. Name of a man sahasrajal adhāra m. Name of a mountain sajal a mfn. sajal anayana mfn. sajal apṛṣata mfn. sajal atva n. sajjal a m. Name of a man sajjal a m. Name of a man salilāñjal i m. saṃgītapuṣpāñjal i m. Name of work saṃhatāñjal i mfn. samīpajal a mfn. saṃjal p P. jalpati -pr. p. jalpat -pamāna -saṃjal pa m. saṃjal pita mfn. saṃjal pita n. saṃsaktajal a mf(ā - compound ) samupacitajal a mfn. samutpiñjal a (m. idem or 'm. samutpiñjal aka (m. idem or '(m. idem or 'm. ' saṃyatāñjal i mfn. baddho -sāñjal i mfn. See añjali -śāntijal a n. equals śāntyuda -saptārṇavajal eśaya mfn. saptārṇava sarasījal ocana mfn. sarojal a n. sarvamātrikāpuṣpāñjal i m. Name of work śāstrajal adhiratna n. Name of work sayantrajal aśaila mfn. sevāñjal i (vā -m. See añjali - siddhajal a n. siddhakajjal a n. śītalajal a n. śītalajal a n. śivakusumāñjal i m. Name of a stotra -śramajal a n. sravatsvedajal a mfn. srutajal a mfn. stutikusumāñjal i m. Name of a poem in praise of śiva -sujal a mf(ā - sujal a n. sujal a n. sujal pa m. particular kind of speech (sincere, earnest, full of meaning and vivacity) svāñjal yaka n. svedajal a n. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā - svedajal akaṇa m. equals next. svedajal akaṇikā f. equals next. śvetajal a Name of a lake tajjal ān mfn. according to to some, taj -jāneī -nsti -confer, compare tajjal ān See ja -tañjal a m. cātaka -tejojal a n. toyāñjal i m. tṛṇajal āyukā f. tṛṇajal ūkā f. idem or 'f. tryañjal a n. tryañjal i m. tryañjal i mfn. tvagjal a n. ubhāñjal i (ubhā -ind. gaRa dvidaṇḍy -ādi - ubhayāñjal i (ubhayā -ind. gaRa dvidaṇḍy -ādi - udadhijal amaya mfn. udajal aka m. Name of a wheel-wright udakāñjal i m. udañjal i mfn. unmārgajal avāhin mfn. upajal ā f. Name of a river upajal p upajal pin mfn. upajal pita n. upakūpajal āśaya m. uṣojal a n. plural "the Dawn's tears", dew utpiñjal a mfn. utpiñjal aka mfn. vaibhrājal oka m. Name of a world (equals vaibhrāja -vaijal adeva or la -bhūpati -See baijala -deva - vāpījal a n. vastrapañjal a m. Name of a bulbous plant vedāntasiddhāntaratnāñjal i m. vedāntasiddhānta velājal a n. sg. and plural flood-tide (opp. to"ebb") vihitāñjal i mfn. vijal a mfn. vijal a n. vijal a mfn. vijal pa m. jalp -vijal pa m. vijal pita mfn. vijjal a mfn. vijjana -vijjila -vijjal a m. vijjal ā f. Name of a woman vijjal a n. vijjal a n. vijjal apura n. Name of a town vijjal aviḍa n. idem or 'n. Name of a town (see vijila -bindu -vilāpakusumāñjal i m. Name of a poem. 1. virajal oka m. Name of a particular world, viṣajal a n. vrajal āla m. Name of a king vrajal āla m. vyatijal p P. jalpati -Va1rtt. 1 yogapātañjal a m. patañjali -yoga -
jal जल् I. 1 P. (जलति) 1 To be rich or wealthy. -2 To cover, hide, screen. -3 To cover (as with a net), encircle, entangle. -4 To be sharp. -5 To be cold, stiff, dull, or dumb. -II. 1 P. (जालयति) To cover, screen &c. jal aजल a. [जल् अच् डस्य लो वा] 1 Dull, cold, frigid = जड q. v. -2 Stupid, idiotic. -लम् 1 Water; तातस्य कूपो$-
यमिति ब्रुवाणाः क्षारं जलं कापुरुषाः पिबन्ति । Pt.1.322. -2 A kind of fragrant medicinal plant or perfume (ह्रीवेर). -3 The embryo or uterus of a cow. -5 The constellation called पूर्वाषाढा. -Comp. -अञ्चलम् 1 a spring. -2 a natural water-course. -3 moss. -अञ्जलिः 1 a handful of water. -2 a libation of water presented to the manes of a deceased person; कुपुत्रमासाद्य कुतो जलाञ्जलिः Chāṇ 69; मानस्यापि जलाञ्जलिः सरभसं लोके न दत्तो यथा Amaru. 97 (where, जलाञ्जलिं दा means 'to leave or give up'). -अटनः a heron. -अटनी a leech. -अणुकम्, -अण्डकम् the fry of fish. -अण्टकः a shark. -अत्ययः autumn (शरद्); पृष्ठतो$नुप्रयातानि मेघानिव जलात्यये Rām.2.45.22. -अधिदैवतः, -तम् an epithet of Varuṇa. (-तम्) the constellation called पूर्वाषाढा. -अधिपः an epithet of Varuṇa. -अम्बिका a well. -अर्कः the image of the sun reflected in water. -अर्णवः 1 the rainy season. -2 the ocean of sweet water. -अर्थिन् a. thirsty. -अवतारः a landing-place at a river-side. -अष्ठीला a large square pond. -असुका a leech. -आकरः a spring, fountain, well. -आकाङ्क्षः, -काङ्क्षः, -काङ्क्षिन् m. an elephant. -आखुः an otter. -आगमः rain; तपति प्रावृषि सुतरामभ्यर्ण- जलागमो दिवसः Ratn.3.1. -आढ्य a. watery, marshy. -आत्मिका a leech. -आधारः a pond, lake, reservoir of water. -आयुका a leech. -आर्द्र a. wet. (-र्द्रम्) wet garment or clothes. (-र्द्रा) a fan wetted with water. -आलोका a leech. -आवर्तः eddy, whirl-pool. -आशय a. 1 resting or lying in water. -2 stupid, dull, apathetic. (-यः) 1 a pond, lake, reservoir. -2 a fish. -3 the ocean. -4 the fragrant root of a plant (उशीर). -आश्रयः 1 a pond. -2 water-house. -आह्वयम् a lotus. -इन्द्रः 1 an epithet of Varuṇa. -2 N. of Mahādeva. -3 the ocean; जलेन्द्रः पुंसि वरुणे जम्भले च महोदधौ Medinī. -इन्धनः the submarine fire. -इभः a water-elephant. -ईशः, -ईश्वरः 1 an epithet of Varuṇa; भीमोद्भवां प्रति नले च जलेश्वरे च N. -2 the ocean. -उच्छ्वासः 1 a channel made for carrying off excess of water, drain, (cf. परीवाह). -2 overflow of a river. -उदरम् dropsy. -उद्भव a. aquatic. (-वा) benzoin. -उरगा, -ओकस् m., -ओकसः a leech. -कण्टकः a crocodile. -कपिः the Gangetic porpoise. -कपोतः a water-pigeon. -कर a. making or pouring forth water. (-रः) tax for water. -करङ्कः 1 a shell. -2 a cocoa-nut. -3 a cloud. -4 a wave. -5 a lotus. -कल्कः mud. -कल्मषः the poison produced at the churning of the ocean; तस्यापि दर्शयामास स्ववीर्यं जलकल्मषः Bhāg.8. 7.44. -काकः the diver-bird. -कान्तः the wind. -कान्तारः an epithet of Varuṇa. -किराटः a shark. -कुक्कुटः a water-fowl; जलकुक्कुटकोयष्टिदात्यूहकुलकूजितम् Bhāg.8.2.16. (-टी) the black-headed gull. -कुन्तलः, -कोशः moss. -कूपी 1 a spring, well. -2 a pond. -3 a whirlpool; जलकूपी कूपगर्ते पुष्करिण्यां च योषिति Medinī. -कूर्मः the porpoise. -कृत् a. Causing rain; दिवसकृतः प्रतिसूर्यो जलकृत् (मेघः) Bṛi. S. -केलिः, m. or f., -क्रीडा playing in water, splashing one another with water. -केशः moss. -क्रिया presenting libations of water to the manes of the deceased. -गुल्मः 1 a turtle. -2 a quadrangular tank. -3 a whirlpool. -चर a. (also जलेचर) aquatic. (-रः) 1 an aquatic animal. -2 a fish. -3 any kind of water-fowl. ˚आजीवः, ˚जीवः a fisherman. -चत्वरम् a square tank. -चारिन् m. 1 an aquatic animal. -2 a fish. -ज a. born or produced in water. (-जः) 1 an aquatic animal. -2 a fish; स्वयमेव हतः पित्रा जलजेनात्मजो यथा Rām.2.61.22. -3 sea-salt. -4 a collective name for several signs of the zodiac. -5 moss. -6 the moon. (-जः, जम्) 1 a shell. -2 the conch-shell; अधरोष्ठे निवेश्य दघ्मौ जलजं कुमारः R.7. 63,1.6; इत्यादिश्य हृषीकेशः प्रध्माय जलजोत्तमम् Bhāg.8.4. 26. -3 (-जः) The Kaustubha gem; जलजः कौस्तुभे मीने तत् क्लीबे शङ्खपद्मयोः । Nm. (जः) -4 A kind of horse born in water; वाजिनो जलजाः केचिद् वह्निजातास्तथापरे । शालिहोत्र of भोज, Appendix II,12. (-जम्) a lotus. ˚आजीवः a fisherman. ˚आसनः an epithet of Brahmā; वाचस्पतिरुवाचेदं प्राञ्जलिर्जलजासनम् Ku.2.3. ˚कुसुमम् the lotus. ˚द्रव्यम् a pearl, shell or any other thing produced from the sea. -जन्तुः 1 a fish, -2 any aquatic animal. -जन्तुका a leech. -जन्मन् a lotus. -जिह्वः a crocodile. -जीविन् m. a fisherman. -डिम्बः a bivalve shell. -तरङ्गः 1 a wave. -2 a metal cup filled with water producing harmonic notes like a musical glass. -ताडनम् (lit.) 'beating water'; (fig.) any useless occupation. -तापिकः, -तापिन्, -तालः The Hilsa fish; L. D. B. -त्रा an umbrella. -त्रासः hydrophobia. -दः 1 a cloud; जायन्ते विरला लोके जलदा इव सज्जनाः Pt.1.29. -2 camphor. ˚अशनः the Śāla tree. -आगमः the rainy season; सरस्तदा मानसं तु ववृधे जलदागमे Rām.7.12.26. ˚आभ a. black, dark. ˚कालः the rainy season. ˚क्षयः autumn. -दर्दुरः a kind of musical instrument. -देवः the constellation पूर्वाषाढा. -देवता a naiad, water-nymph. -द्रोणी a bucket. -द्वारम् A gutter, a drain, Māna.31.99. -धरः 1 a cloud. -2 the ocean. -धारा a stream of water. -धिः 1 the ocean. -2 a hundred billions. -3 the number 'four'. ˚गा a river. ˚जः the moon. ˚जा Lakṣmī, the goddess of wealth. ˚रशना the earth. -नकुलः an otter. -नरः a merman. -नाडी, -ली a water-course. -निधिः 1 the ocean. -2 the number 'four'. -निर्गमः 1 a drain, water-course. -2 a water-fall, descent of a spring &c. into a river below. -नीलिः moss. -पक्षिन् m. a water-fowl. -पटलम् a cloud. -पतिः 1 the ocean. -2 an epithet of Varuṇa. -पथः a sea voyage; R.17.81. -पद्धतिः f. a gutter, drain. -पात्रम् 'a water-pot', drinking-vessel. -पारावतः a water-pigeon. -पित्तम् fire. -पुष्पम् an aquatic flower. -पूरः 1 a flood of water. -2 a full stream of water. -पृष्ठजा moss. -प्रदानम् presenting libations of water to the manes of the deceased. -प्रपातः 1 a water-fall. -2 rainy season; शरत्प्रतीक्षः क्षमतामिमं भवाञ्जलप्रपातं रिपुनिग्रहे धृतः Rām.4.27.47. -प्रलयः destruction by water. -प्रान्तः the bank of a river. -प्रायम् a country abounding with water; जलप्रायमनूपं स्यात् Ak. -प्रियः 1 the Chātaka bird. -2 a fish. (-या) an epithet of Dākṣāyaṇī. -प्लवः an otter. -प्लावनम् a deluge, an inundation. -बन्धः,
बन्धकः a dam, dike, rocks or stones impeding a current. -बन्धुः a fish. -बालकः, -वालकः the Vindhya mountain. -बालिका lightning. -बिडालः an otter. -बिम्बः, -म्बम् a bubble. -बिल्वः 1 a (quadrangular) pond, lake. -2 a tortoise. -3 a crab. -भीतिः f. hydrophobia. -भू a. produced in water. -भूः m. 1 a cloud. -2 a place for holding water. -3 a kind of camphor. -भूषणः wind. -भृत् m. 1 a cloud. -2 a jar. -3 camphor. -मक्षिका a water-insect. -मण़्डूकम् a kind of musical instrument; (= जलदर्दुर). -मद्गुः a king-fisher. -मसिः 1 a cloud. -2 camphor. -मार्गः a drain, canal. -मार्जारः an otter. -मुच् m. 1 a cloud; Me.69. -2 a kind of camphor. -मूर्तिः an epithet of Śiva. -मूर्तिका hail. -मोदम् a fragrant root (उशीर). -यन्त्रम् 1 a machine for raising water (Mar. रहाट). -2 a waterclock, clepsydra. -3 a fountain. ˚गृहम्, ˚निकेतनम्, ˚मन्दिरम् a house erected in the midst of water (a summerhouse) or one supplied with artificial fountains; क्वचिद् विचित्रं जलयन्त्रमन्दिरम् Ṛs.1.2. -यात्रा a sea-voyage. -यानम् a ship. -रङ्कुः a kind of gallinule. -रण्डः, रुण्डः 1 a whirlpool. -2 a drop of water, drizzle, thin sprinkling. -3 a snake. -रसः sea-salt. -राशिः the ocean. -रुह्, -हम् a lotus. -रूपः a crocodile. -लता a wave, billow. -वरण्टः a watery pustule. -वाद्यम् a kind of musical instrument. -वायसः a diver-bird. -वासः residence in water. (-सम्) = उशीर q. v. -वाहः 1 a cloud; साद्रिजलधिजलवाहपथम् Ki.12.21. -2 a waterbearer. -3 a kind of camphor. -वाहकः, -नः a watercarrier. -वाहनी an aqueduct. -विषुवम् the autumnal equinox. -वृश्चिकः a prawn. -वैकृतम् any change in the waters of rivers indicating a bad omen. -व्यधः A kind of fish; L. D. B. -व्यालः 1 a water-snake. -2 a marine monster. -शयः, -शयनः, -शायिन् m. an epithet of Viṣṇu; -शय्या lying in water (a kind of religious rite); द्वादशं हि गतं वर्षं जलशय्यां समासतः Rām.7. 76.17. -शर्करा A hailstone; तीव्रैर्मरुद्गणैर्नुन्ना ववृषुर्जलशर्कराः Bhāg.1.25.9. -शुक्तिः f. a bivalve shell. -शुचि a. bathed, washed. -शूकम् moss. -शूकरः a crocodile. -शोषः drought. -समुद्रः the ocean of fresh water. -संपर्कः mixture or dilution with water. -सर्पिणी a leech. -सूचिः f. 1 the Gangetic porpoise. -2 a kind of fish. -3 a crow. -4 a water-nut. -5 a leech. -स्थानम्, -स्थायः a pond, lake, reservoir; कदचित्तं जलस्थायं मत्स्य- बन्धाः समन्ततः Rām.12.137.5. -स्रावः A kind of eyedisease. -हम् a small water-house (rather summerhouse) furnished with artificial fountains. -हस्तिन् m. a water-elephant. -हारिणी a drain. -हासः 1 foam. -2 cuttle-fish-bone considered as the foam of the sea. jal akamजलकम् A conch, shell. jal aṅgaजलङ्ग a. Aquatic. -गः The colocynth. jal aṅmaजलङ्म A Chāndāla.
जलाका, जलालुका, जलिका, जलुका, जलूका, जलोका, जलोकिका A leech.
जलेजम् jalējam जलेजातम् jalējātam
जलेजम् जलेजातम् A lotus. jal āṣaजलाष a. Ved. 1 Mitigating, pacifying. -2 Healing, comforting, soothing (as a medicine); Rv.2.33.7. -षम् 1 Water. -2 Happiness, comfort. -Comp. -भेषज a. possessed of healing medicines; रुद्रं जलाषभेषजम् Rv.1.43.4. jal eśayaḥजलेशयः 1 A fish. -2 N. of Viṣṇu; सप्तसामोपगीतं त्वां सप्तार्णवजलेशयम् Ṛ.1.21. jal evāhaḥजलेवाहः A diver. jal huजल्हु Ved. a. Cool, dull; नारायासो न जल्हवः Rv.8. 61.11. -ल्हुः Fire (according to Shri Prin. Apte). jal pजल्प् 1 P. (जल्पति, जल्पित) 1 To speak, talk, speak or converse (with another); अविरलितकपोलं जल्पतोरक्रमेण U.1.27; एकेन जल्पन्त्यनल्पाक्षरम् Pt.1.136; Bh.1.82. -2 To murmur, speak inarticulately. -3 To chatter, prattle, babble. -4 To praise. jal paḥजल्पः [जल्प् भावे घञ्] 1 Talk, speech. -2 Discourse, conversation. -3 Babble, prattling, gossip; -4 Debate, wrangling discussion. jal pakaजल्पक a. (-ल्पिका f.), -जल्पाक a. Talkative, garrulous; जल्पाकीभिः सहासीनः Bk.7.19; cf. स्याज्जल्पाकस्तु वाचालो वाचाटो बहुगर्ह्यवाक् Ak.3.1.36. jal panamजल्पनम् a. [जल्प्-ल्युट्] Speaking, saying, talking &c. -नम् 1 Saying, talking. -2 Chattering, garrulity. jal piḥजल्पिः f. Ved. Inarticulate speech. jal pitaजल्पित a. [जल्प् कर्मणि क्त] Said, spoken, prattled &c. -तम् Talk, gossip. añjal iḥ अञ्जलिः m. [अञ्ज्-अलि Uṇ.4.2.] 1 A cavity formed by folding and joining the open hands together, the hollow of the hands; hence, a cavity. full of anything (changed to अञ्जल or ˚लि after द्वि and त्रि in द्विगु comp., P.V.4.12); न वार्यञ्जलिना पिवेत् Ms.4.63; सुपूरो मूषि- काञ्जलिः Pt.1.25; अरण्यबीजाञ्जलिदानलालिताः Ku.5.15; प्रकीर्णः पुष्पाणां हरिचरणयोरञ्जलिरयम् Ve.1.1. a cavityful of flowers; so जलस्याञ्जलयो दश Y.3.15.1 cavityfuls or libations of water; श्रवणाञ्जलिपुटपेयम् Ve.1.4. to be drunk by the cavity of the ear; अञ्जलिं रच्, बन्ध्, कृ or आधा fold the hands together and raise them to the head in supplication or salutation; बद्धः, कातर्यादरविन्द- कुङ्मलनिभो मुग्धः प्रणामाञ्जलिः U.3.37. -2 Hence a mark of respect or salutation; कः शक्रेण कृतं नेच्छेदधिमूर्धानमञ्जलिम् Bk.8.84; बध्यतामभययाचनाञ्जलिः R.11.78. -3 A measure of corn = कुडव; another measure = प्रसृत, or one-half of a मानिका. -Comp. कर्मन् n. folding the hands, respectful salutation; लुब्धमर्थेन गृह्णीयात् क्रुद्धं चाञ्जलि- कर्मणा Chāṇ.33. -कारिका 1 an earthen doll making the अञ्जलि (?). -2 N. of a plant, Mimosa Pudica (लज्जालु) (Mar. लाजाळू). -पुटः-टम् the cavity formed by joining the hands together; hollowed plams of the hand. añjal ikā अञ्जलिका [अञ्जलिरिव कायते प्रकाशते; कै-क टाप् Tv.]. 1 A small mouse. -2 The sensitive plant of Mimosa Pudica (Mar. लाजाळू). -3 An insect of the spider tribe (Mar. कांतीण). -कः 1 N. of one of Arjuna's arrows. -2 अञ्जल्याकारमुख (mouse-mouthed) arrow भल्लैरञ्जलिकैरपि Rām.6.45.23. -वेध a fighting stratagem जानन्नञ्जलिकावेधं नापाक्रामत पाण्डवः Mb.7.26.23. ijjal aḥ इज्जलः A small tree growing near water (हिज्जल, समुद्रफल). udañjal i उदञ्जलि a. One who hollows the palms and then raises them, folding the hands in supplication. upajal p उपजल्प् 1 P. 1 To talk to, converse with, chatter. -2 To advise.
उपजल्पनम् upajalpanam उपजल्पितम् upajalpitam
उपजल्पनम् उपजल्पितम् A talk; इदमेव स्मराम्यस्याः सहसैवोपजल्पितम् Rām.2.6.14. upajal pin उपजल्पिन् a. Giving advice. kakuñjal aḥ ककुञ्जलः The Chātaka bird. kajjal am कज्जलम् [कुत्सितं जलमस्मात्प्रभवति, कोः कदादेशः] 1 Lampblack or soot, considered as a collyrium and applied to the eyelashes or eyelids medicinally, or sometimes as an ornament; यथा यथा चेयं चपला दीप्यते तथा तथा दीप- शिखेव कज्जलमलिनमेव कर्म केवलमुद्वमति K.15; अद्यापि तां विधृत- कज्जललोलनेत्राम् Ch. P.15; ˚कालिमा Amaru.88. -2 Sulphuret of lead or antimony (used as a collyrium.) -3 (fig.) Dregs; धिङ् मां विगर्हितं सद्भिर्दुष्कृतं कुलकज्जलम् Bhāg.6. 2.27. -4 Ink. -ला (-ली) A kind of fish. -ली 1 Sulphuret of mercury, æthiop's mineral. -2 Ink. -Comp. -ध्वजः a lamp. -रोचकः, -कम् the wooden stand on which a lamp is placed. kajjal ikā कज्जलिका Powder (esp. made of mercury). kajjal ita कज्जलित a. 1 Covered with lampblack or with a collyrium prepared from it. -2 Blackened, soiled; Hch. kañjal aḥ कञ्जलः A kind of bird. kapiñjal aḥ कपिञ्जलः 1 The Chātaka bird; सोमपीथं तु यत्तस्य शिर आसीत्कपिञ्जलः Bhāg.6.9.5. -2 The Tittiri bird. kājal am काजलम् 1 A little water. -2 Bad water. kuñjal am कुञ्जलम् Sour gruel. tejal aḥ तेजलः The francoline partridge. nirjarjal pa निर्जर्जल्प a. Ved. Ragged, tatterd. patañjal iḥ पतञ्जलिः N. of the celebrated author of the Mahābhāṣya, the great commentary on Pāṇini's Sūtras; also of a philosopher, the propounder of the Yoga philosophy. parijal pitam परिजल्पितम् A covert indication (as by a servant) of one's own skill, superiority &c. by pointing out the cruelty, deceitfulness and such other faults of his master; Ujjvalamaṇi thus defines it:-- प्रभोर्निर्दयताशाठ्य- चापलाद्युपपादनात् । स्वविचक्षणताव्यक्तिर्भङ्ग्या स्यात् परिजल्पितम् ॥ (Wilson renders the word by 'the covert reproaches of a mistress neglected or ill-used by her lover'.) pātañjal a पातञ्जल a. (-ली f.) Composed by Patañjali; पातञ्जले महाभाष्ये कृतभूरिपरिश्रमः Paribhāṣenduśekhara. -लम् The Yoga system of philosophy taught by Patañjali. (It is generally believed that Patañjali, the author of the Mahābhāṣya, is the same as the author of the Yoga system; but it is a dubious point.) piñjal a पिञ्जल a. [पिञ्ज् कलच्] 1 Overcome with grief or terror, extremely confounded or perplexed. -2 Panicstruck (as an army). -लम् 1 Yellow orpiment. -2 The leaf of the Kuśa grass. -ली Two blades of Kuśa. grass used in holding certain articles at a sacrifice; एतदेव पिञ्जल्या लक्षणं समुदाहृतम् Karmapradīpa.
पिञ्जालम् (-नम्) Gold. prajal p प्रजल्प् 1 P. 1 To speak, say, talk; स्वरेण तस्याममृत- स्रुतेव प्रजल्पितायामभिजातवाचि Ku.1.45. -2 To call. -3 To proclaim. -4 To prattle, chatter. prajal paḥ प्रजल्पः Prattle, gossip, heedless or frivolous words (used in greeting a lover); असूयेर्ष्यामदयुजा यो$वधीरणमुद्रया । प्रियस्य कौशलोद्गारः प्रजल्पः स तु कथ्यते ॥ prajal panam प्रजल्पनम् 1 Talking, speaking. -2 Prattle, gossip. prajal pita प्रजल्पित a. Talked, prattled. -तम् Talk. pratijal paḥ प्रतिजल्पः An answer, reply. pratijal pakaḥ प्रतिजल्पकः 1 A respectful concurrence. -2 A polite but evasive answer. prāñjal aḥ प्राञ्जलः a. 1 Straightforward, candid, honest, sincere. -2 Straight, erect. prāñjal iḥ प्राञ्जलिः a. [प्रसृतौ अञ्जली येन] Folding the hands in supplication, as a mark of respect or humility.
प्राञ्जलिक prāñjalika प्राञ्जलिन् prāñjalin
प्राञ्जलिक प्राञ्जलिन् See प्राञ्जलि. bījal a बीजल a. Furnished with seed, seedy. mājal aḥ माजलः A kind of bird, the blue roller. vijal a विजल a. Waterless; तोयाशया विजला सरितो$पि Bṛi. S. -लम् 1 A sauce; also विजिलम्. -2 Drought. vijal paḥ विजल्पः 1 Prattle, idle or foolish talk. -2 Talk or speech in general. -3 A malignant or spiteful speech. vijal pita विजल्पित p. p. 1 Spoken, talked; परिहासविजल्पितं सखे (वचः) Ś.2.19. -2 Prated, babbled. sajal a सजल a. Watery, wet, humid. saṃjal p संजल्प् 1 P. To talk, converse. saṃjal paḥ संजल्पः 1 Conversation; असतां दर्शनात् स्पर्शात् संजल्पाच्च सहासनात् Mb.3.1.29. -2 Confused talk, chattering, confusion. -3 An uproar.
jal an. (sts. pl.) water. jal adam. (water-giver), cloud: -kâla, m. rainy season; -kshaya, m. (disappearance of clouds), autumn; -taskara, m. robber of a cloud; -samaya, m. rainy season; -½âgama, m. (arrival of clouds), rainy season; -½atyaya, m. autumn. jal adānan. libation of water (fes tival in Uggayinî); -dravya, n. ocean-pro duct, pearl; -dhara, m. (water-bearer), cloud: -mâlâ, f. tract of clouds, -½abhyudaya, m. (rise of the clouds), rainy season; -dhârâ, f. stream of water, shower; -dhi, m. ocean, sea: -tâ, f. abst. n., -rasanâ, f. ocean-girt (earth); -nidhi, m. ocean, sea; -pakshin, m. water bird; -patha, m. sea-voyage; -pâda, m. (water-foot), N. of a frog-king; -pûra, m. full channel (of a river); -pûrusha, m. water pixie; -pravâha, m. current; -plava, m. de luge; -bindu, m. drop of water: -durdina, n. shower of rain; -budbuda, m. water-bub ble; -bhâgana, n. water-vessel; -maya, a. (î) consisting of water; -mânusha, m. (î) fa bulous aquatic being; otter; -muk, a. dis charging rain; m. cloud. jal āhatif. downpour of rain. jal akapim. (river) dolphin; -kum bha, m. water-pot; -kumbhikâ, f. jar of wa ter; -keli, m. f. sporting in the water; -kriyâ, f. libation of water to the dead; -krîdâ, f. sporting in the water; -khaga,m. aquatic bird; -gandha½ibha, m. fabulous animal; -kara, m. aquatic animal; fish; -kârin, a. living in the water; m. aquatic animal; fish; -ga, a. water-born, existing or growing in water; m. aquatic animal, fish; shell;n. day-lotus; pro duct of the sea, pearl: -kusuma, n. lotus blossom, -½âsana, m. ep. of Brahman (seated on a lotus); -gantú, m. aquatic animal; -gîv- in, a. living in or on water; m. fisherman; -tumbikâ-nyâya, m. in. like water and the gourd; -trâsa, m. hydrophobia; -trâsin, a. suffering from hydrophobia. jal āṃśum. (cool-rayed), moon (= gadâmsu); -½âgama, m. rain; -½añgali, m. two handfuls of water in honour of the dead; fare well for ever (fig.); -½atyaya, m. (cessation of the rain), autumn; -½âdhâra, m. reservoir, pond. jal ārthina. thirsty; -½ârdra, a. wet, moist: â, f. wet garment; damp cloth (used for fanning); -ârdrikâ, f. id. (--°ree; a.); -½âsaya, m. reservoir, pond, lake; sea; a. rest ing in the water; stupid. jal āṣaa. soothing, healing; -bhe shaga, a. having soothing remedies. jal aukam. leech; â, f.: -½okas, a. living in the water; m. aquatic animal; N. of a king; f. leech; -½oka½avakaranîya, fp. treat ing of the application of leeches. jal āyaden. Â. turn into water. jal ayantran. squirt; water-clock: -ka, n. squirt, -kakra, n. water-wheel, -man dira, n. apartment with shower-bath; -râsi, m. waters; sea, ocean; -ruh, -ruha, m. day lotus (growing in the water); -rekhâ, f. streak on the water; strip of water; -lekhâ, f. id.; -lava-muk, m. (shedding drops of water), cloud; -vat, a. abounding in water; -vâsa, m. abode in the water; a. living in the water; -vâs-in, a. living in the water:(i)-tâ, f. abst. n.; -vâha, a. bearing water: -ka, m. water carrier; -sayyâ, f. lying in the water (as a penance); -samnivesa, m. reservoir, pond; -sûrya: -ka, m. reflection of the sun in the water; -stha, a. being in the water; -sthâna, n. reservoir, lake; -snâna, n. bathe; -hastin, m. (water-elephant), crocodile; -hâra, m. water-carrier; î, f. jal āyukāf. leech. jal ecaraa. (î) living in the water; m. aquatic animal (--°ree; a. f. â); -saya, a. abid ing in the water; ep. of Vishnu. jal eśam. lord of water, ep. ofVaruna, ocean. jal eśvaram. lord of water, ep. of Varuna. jal odaran. (water-belly), dropsy; -½uddhata-gati, a. moving violently in the water; f. a metre; -udbhava, a. sprung from the water; m. aquatic animal; N. of a water sprite. jal pam. talk, conversation, words: pl. prate; -aka, a. chattering; m. chatterer; -ana, n. speaking, talking; -âka, a. chatter ing, loquacious; -ita, pp. n. talk; words; -in, a. speaking, talking (--°ree;); -ya, n. chatter. ajal pat pr. pt. not saying. añjal i m. the two open hands held together hollowed: -m kri, raise -to the forehead (as a reverential salutation); two handfuls (as a measure); -karman, n. folding the hands (in salutation); -pâta, m. id. antarjal acara a. living in the water; -nivâsin, a. id.; -supta, pp. sleeping in the water; -½ogha, m. internal mass of water. aparajal adhi m. western ocean. udañjal i a. holding up the hollowed hands. udakāñjal i m. handful of water; -½anta, m. water-boundary: â½uda kântât, till water is reached; -½arnava, m. receptacle of waters; -½artha, m. ablution: -m, ad. in order to perform an ablution; -½arthin, a. seeking water. upajal pin a. advising. uṣojal a n. pl. dew; -devatâ, f. goddess of dawn; -râga, m. dawn. ekāñjal i m. one handful. kajjal a n. lamp-black; collyrium prepared from it. kapiñjal a m. francoline partridge; N. of a man; N. of a sparrow: -nyâya, in. after the fashion of the Kapiñgala topic (in the Pûrvamîmâmsâ) according to which the plural (kapiñgalân) means only three. karṇāñjal i m. pointed ears. khajal a n. mist. dhārājal a n. blood dripping from the blade or edge (of a sword). pātañjal a a. composed by Patañ gali; m. follower of the Yoga system of Patañgali; n. the Yoga system of Patañgali; the Mahâbhâshya of Patañgali. piñjal ī f. bunch or tuft of stalks or grass; -ûla, n. id. pūrṇāñjal i m. two handfuls; -½âtman, m. probably incorrect for prânât man; -½ânanda, m. perfect joy; -½apûrna, pp. sometimes full, sometimes short (measure); -½âyata, (pp.) n. bow fully drawn; -½artha, a. having one's object attained or one's wish fulfilled; -½âhutí, f. full offering, offering of a full ladle. prāñjal a a. [having the hands outstretched]; straightforward, candid, open; level (road), straight: -tâ, f. straightness plainness (of meaning etc.); -½añgali, a. hav ing the folded hands outstretched (in token of respect or humility); î-bhû, hold out the folded hands. vijjal a a. slimy: â, f. N. sajal a a. watery, wet, moist: -naya na, a. watery-eyed (peacock), -prishata, a. having drops of water; -gâgara, a. waking, not asleep; -gâtá, a. related (V.); m. kins man, countryman (V.); -gâti, a.belonging to the same caste, of the same kind, similar; -gâtîya, a. id.; -gâtyã, a. akin (V., C.); n. like descent, kinship; -gâni, a. together with his wife; -gâmi, a. incorr. for -gâni; -gâra, a. together with her paramour;-gâla, a. having a mane; -gîva, a. animate, living, alive; provided with a bowstring: -tâ, f. living condition; possession of a bowstring.
patañjal i the reputed author of the Mahābhāșya, known as the Pātañjala Mahābhāșya after him. His date is determined definitely as the second century B.C. on the strength of the internal evidence supplied by the text of the Mahābhāșya itselfeminine. confer, compare edition edition pātañjal amahābhāṣya the same as महाभाष्य. See महाभाष्य. akṣara a letter of the alphabet, such as a (अ) or i (इ) or h (ह) or y (य्) or the like. The word was originally applied in the Prātiśākhya works to vowels (long, short as also protracted), to consonants and the ayogavāha letters which were tied down to them as their appendages. Hence अक्षर came later on to mean a syllable i. e. a vowel with a consonant or consonants preceding or following it, or without any consonant at all. confer, compare confer, compare et cetera, and others Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). akṣarasamāmnāya alphabet: traditional enumeration of phonetically independent letters generally beginning with the vowel a (अ). Although the number of letters and the order in which they are stated differ in different treatises, still, qualitatively they are much the same. The Śivasūtras, on which Pāṇini's grammar is based, enumerate 9 vowels, 4 semi-vowels, twenty five class-consonants and 4 | sibilants. The nine vowels are five simple vowels or monothongs (समानाक्षर) as they are called in ancient treatises, and the four diphthongs, (सन्ध्यक्षर ). The four semi-vowels y, v, r, l, ( य् व् र् ल् ) or antasthāvarṇa, the twenty five class-consonants or mutes called sparśa, and the four ūṣman letters ś, ṣ, s and h ( श् ष् स् ह् ) are the same in all the Prātiśākhya and grammar works although in the Prātiśākhya works the semi-vowels are mentioned after the class consonants.The difference in numbers, as noticed, for example in the maximum number which reaches 65 in the VājasaneyiPrātiśākhya, is due to the separate mention of the long and protracted vowels as also to the inclusion of the Ayogavāha letters, and their number. The Ayogavāha letters are anusvāra, visarjanīya,jihvāmulīya, upadhmānīya, nāsikya, four yamas and svarabhaktī. The Ṛk Prātiśākhya does not mention l (लृ), but adding long ā (अा) i (ई) ，ū (ऊ) and ṛ (ऋ) to the short vowels, mentions 12 vowels, and mentioning 3 Ayogavāhas (< क्, = प् and अं) lays down 48 letters. The Ṛk Tantra Prātiśākhya adds the vowel l (लृ) (short as also long) and mentions 14 vowels, 4 semivowels, 25 mutes, 4 sibilants and by adding 10 ayogavāhas viz. 4 yamas, nāsikya, visarjanīya, jihvāmulīya, upadhmānīya and two kinds of anusvāra, and thus brings the total number to 57. The Ṛk Tantra makes a separate enumeration by putting diphthongs first, long vowles afterwards and short vowels still afterwards, and puts semi-vowels first before mutes, for purposes of framing brief terms or pratyāhāras. This enumeration is called varṇopadeśa in contrast with the other one which is called varṇoddeśa. The Taittirīya prātiśākhya adds protracted vowels and lays down 60 letters : The Ṣikṣā of Pāṇini lays down 63 or 64 letters, while the Vājasaneyi-prātiśākhya gives 65 letters. confer, compare Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). atiśāyana excellence, surpassing; the same as अतिशय in Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. confer, compare confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). atyalpa rather too little, an expression used by Patanjali idiometically confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). et cetera, and others adhikāra governing rule consisting of a word (exempli gratia, for example et cetera, and others exempli gratia, for example et cetera, and others confer, compare edition singular. confer, compare anubandha a letter or letters added to a word before or after it, only to signify some specific purpose such as (a) the addition of an afix (e. g. क्त्रि, अथुच् अङ् et cetera, and others literally confer, compare et cetera, and others confer, compare Paribhāṣenduśekhara of Nāgeśa. edition aviravikanyāya a maxim mentioned by Patañjali in connection with the word आविक where the taddhita affix ठक् (इक), although prescribed after the word अवि in the sense of 'flesh of sheep' (अवेः मांसम्), is actually put always after the base अविक and never after अवि. The maxim shows the actual application of an affix to something allied to, or similar to the base, and not to the actual base as is sometimes found in popular use confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). aṣṭādhyāyī name popularly given to the Sūtrapāṭha of Pāṇini consisting of eight books (adhyāyas) containing in all 3981 Sūtras,as found in the traditional recital, current at the time of the authors of the Kāśika. Out of these 398l Sūtras, seven are found given as Vārtikas in the Mahābhāṣya and two are found in Gaṇapāṭha.The author of the Mahābhāṣya has commented upon only 1228 of these 3981 sūtras. Originally there were a very few differences of readings also, as observed by Patañjali ( see Mbh on I.4.1 ); but the text was fixed by Patañjali which, with a few additions made by the authors of the Kāśika,as observed a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī. Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī. confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). ācārya preceptor, teacher; a designation usually given to Pāṇini by Patañjali in the Mahābhāṣya; confer, compare confer, compare confer, compare āpiśali an ancient grammarian mentioned by Pāṇini and his commentators like Patañjali, Helarāja and others; confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). āpuṭ augment ( आप् ) suggested in the place of आपुक् by Patañjali to be prefixed to the affix णिच् confer, compare ārṣa derived from the holy sages; founded on sacred tradition, such as the Vedāṅgas;confer, compare commentary confer, compare confer, compare ukta prescribed, taught, lit, said (already). उक्तं वा is a familiar expression in the Mahābhāṣya and the Vārttikas referring usually to something already expressedition uccarita pronounced or uttered; the phrase उच्चरितप्रध्वंसिनः is used in connection with the mute indicatory letters termed इत् in Pāṇini's grammar, as these letters are not actually found in use in the language and are therefore supposed to vanish immediately after their purpose has been servedition Vyāḍiparibhāṣāsūcana. confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). ujjvaladatta the famous commentator on the Uṅādi sūtras. His work .is called Uṅādisūtravṛtti, which is a scholarly commentary on the Uṅādisūtrapāṭha, consisting of five Pādas. Ujjvaldatta is belived to have lived in the l5th century A.D. He quotes Vṛttinyāsa, Anunyāsa, Bhāgavṛtti et cetera, and others uṇādi affixes headed by the affix उण्, which are similar to kṛt affixes of Pāṇini, giving derivation mostly of such words as are not derived by rules of Pāṇini. No particular sense such as agent, object et cetera, and others confer, compare edition confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). et cetera, and others confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). uṇādisūtradaśapādī the text of the Uṇādi Sūtras divided into ten chapters believed to have been written by शाकटायन. It is printed at the end of the Prakriyā Kaumud and separately also, and is also available in manuscripts with a few differences. Patañjali in his Bhāṣya on P.III.3.1, seems to have mentioned Sakaṭāyana as the author of the Uṇādi Sūtras although it cannot be stated definitely whether there was at that time, a version of the Sūtras in five chapters or in ten chapters or one, completely different from these, as scholars believe that there are many interpolations and changes in the versions of Uṇādi Sūtras available at present. A critical study of the various versions is extremely desirable. udātta the acute accent defined by Pāṇini in the words उचैरुदात्त: P.I.2. 29. The word उच्चैः is explained by Patañjali in the words 'आयामो दारुण्यं अणुता स्वस्य इति उचैःकराणि शब्दस्य' where आयाम (गात्रनिग्रह restriction of the organs), दारुण्य (रूक्षता rudeness ) and स्वस्य अणुता ( कण्ठस्य संवृतता closure of the glottis) are given as specific characteristics of the acute accent. The acute is the prominent accent in a word-a simple word as also a compound word-and when a vowel in a word is possessed of the acute accent, the remaining vowels have the अनुदात्त or the grave accent. Accent is a property of vowels and consonants do not possess any independent accent. They possess the accent of the adjoining vowel connected with it. The acute accert corresponds to what is termed 'accent' in English and other languages. uddeśya referred to; pointed out, subject, as contrasted with the predicate मानान्तरप्राप्तमुद्देश्यम् ; confer, compare participle. confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). upagraha a term used by the ancient grammarians in the sense of the Parasmaipada and the Ātmanepada affixes. The word is not found in Pāṇini's Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī. upacāra (1) taking a secondary sense; implication; literally confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). confer, compare Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). upadhmānīya a letter or a phonetic element substituted for a visarga followed by the first or the second letter of the labial class. Visarga is simply letting the breath out of the mouth. Where the visarga is followed by the first or the second letter of the labial class, its pronunciation is coloured by labial utterance. This coloured utterance cannot be made independently; hence this utterance called 'उपध्मानीय' ( similar to a sound blown from the mouth ) is not put in, as an independent letter, in the वर्णसमाम्नाय attributed to महेश्वर. Patañjali, however, has referred to such dependent utterances by the term अयोगवाहवर्ण. See अयेागवाह; confer, compare e diphthong vowel ए made up of अ and इ, and hence having कण्ठतालुस्थान as its place of origin. It has no short form according to Pāṇini. In cases where a short vowel as a substitute is prescribed for it in grammar, the vowel इ is looked upon as its short form. Patañjali in his Mahābhāṣya has observed that followers of the Sātyamugri and Rāṇāyanīya branches of the Sāmaveda have short ए ( ऍ ) in their Sāmaveda recital and has given सुजाते अश्वसूनृते, अध्वर्यो अद्रिभिः सुतम् as illustrations; confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). ekatiṅ possessed of one verb; given as a definition of a sentence: confer, compare ekamunipakṣa a view or doctrine propounded by one of the many ancient sages or munis who are believed to be the founders of a Sastra; a view propounded only by Pāṇini, to the exclusion of Kātyāyana and Patañjali; confer, compare ekaśeṣa a kind of composite formation in which only one of the two or more words compounded together subsists, the others being elided; confer, compare confer, compare confer, compare feminine. feminine. masculine gender. Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī. ekaśruti that which has got the same accent or tone; utterance in the same tone; monotone. The word is applied to the utterance of the vocative noun or phrase calling a man from a distance, as also to that of the vowels or syllables following a Svarita vowel in the Saṁhitā id est, that is confer, compare confer, compare aindra name of an ancient school of grammar and of the treatise also, belonging to that school, believed to have been written under instructions of Indra. The work is not available. Patañjali mentions that Bṛhaspati instructed Indra for one thousand celestial years and still did not finish his instructions in words': (Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). oṃkāra the syllable ओं called by the term प्रणव and generally recited at the beginning of Vedic works. Patañjali has commented upon the word briefly as follows; पादस्य वा अर्धर्चस्य वा अन्त्यमक्षरमुपसंहृत्य तदाद्यक्षरशेषस्य स्थाने त्रिमात्रमोंकारं त्रिमात्रमोंकारं वा विदधति तं प्रणव इत्याचक्षते M.Bh. on VIII.2.89. kātantra name of an important small treatise on grammar which appears like a systematic abridgment of the Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī. Kālāpa-vyākaraṇasūtra. Kālāpa-vyākaraṇasūtra. kātyāyana the well-known author of the Vārttikas on the sūtras of Pāṇini. He is also believed to be the author of the Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya and many sūtra works named after him. He is believed to be a resident of South India on the strength of the remark प्रियतद्धिता दाक्षिणात्याः made by Patañjali in connection with the statement 'यथा लौकिकवैदिकेषु' which is looked upon as Kātyāyana's Vārttika. Some scholars say that Vararuci was also another name given to him, in which case the Vārttikakāra Vararuci Kātyāyana has to be looked upon as different from the subsequent writer named Vararuci to whom some works on Prakrit and Kātantra grammar are ascribedition The Volume of the introduction in Marathi to the Pātañjala Mahābhāṣya, written by K. V. Abhyankar and published by the O. E. Society, Poona. kīlhārn Kielhorn F., a sound scholar of Sanskrit Grammar who brought out excellent editions of the Pātañjala Mahābhāṣya and the Paribhāṣenduśekhara and wrote an essay on the Vārttikas of Kātyāyana. For details see Pātañjala Mahābhāṣya Vol VII.p.40, D. E society edition, Poona. kuṇaravāḍava name of an ancient granmarian who lived possibly after Pāṇini and before Patañjali and who is referred to in the Mahābhāṣya as giving an alternative forms for the standard form of certain words; confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). kṛt literally confer, compare confer, compare Nirukta of Yāska. Nirukta of Yāska. confer, compare confer, compare confer, compare confer, compare kaiyaṭa name of the renowned commentator on the Mahābhāṣya, who lived in the 11th century. He was a resident of Kashmir and his father's name was Jaiyaṭa. The commentary on the Mahābhāṣya was named महाभाष्यप्रदीप by him, which is believed by later grammarians to have really acted as प्रदीप or light, as without it, the Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali would have remained unlit, that is unintelligible, at several places. Later grammarians attached to प्रदीप almost the same importance as they did to the Mahābhāṣya and the expression तदुक्तं भावकैयटयोः has been often used by commentators. Many commentary works were written on the Kaiyaṭa's Mahābhāṣyapradīpa. Mahābhāṣya-Pradīpoddyota by Nāgeśa. kramapāṭha recital of the Vedic Saṁhitā by means of separate groups of two words, repeating each word except the first of the Vedic verseline; see क्रम a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). gonardīya literally confer, compare cāndra name of a treatise on grammar written by Candra, who is believed to have been the same as Candragomin. The Grammar is based upon that of Panini, but it does not treat Vedic forms and accents. See the word चन्द्र a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. cārāyaṇa an ancient grammarian referred to by Patanjali in the Mahabhasya as a scholar who had a line of pupils named after him; confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). cūrṇi a gloss on the Sutras of Panini referred to by Itsing and Sripatidatta, Some scholars believe that Patanjali's Mahabhasya is referred to here by the word चूर्णि, as it fully discusses all the knotty points. Others believe that चूर्णि,stands for the Vrtti of चुल्लिभाट्टि. In Jain Religious Literature there are some brief comments on the Sutras which are called चूर्णि and there possibly was a similar चूर्णि on the sutras of Panini. trimuni (1) the famous three ancient grammarians Panini (the author of the Sutras), Katyayana (the author of the Varttikas), and Patanjali (the author of the Mahabhasya;) (2) the grammar of Panini, called so, being the contribution of the reputed triad of Grammarians. dvyac a word possessed of two vowels in it; dissyllabic words; the word is frequently used in Panini's Astadhyayi and Patanjali's Mahabhasya, Kasika Vrtti and other works on Panini's grammar. navāhnikī name given to the first nine Ahnikas or lessons of the Mahabhasya which are written in explanation of only the first pada of the first Adhyaya of Panini's Astadhyayi and which contain almost all the important theories, statements and problems newly introduced by Patanjali. navyamata a term used for the differentiation in views and explanations held by the comparatively new school of Bhattoji Diksita, as contrasted with those held by Kasikakara and Kaiyata; the term is sometimes applied to the differences of opinion expressed by Nagesabhatta in contrast with Bhagttoji Diksita. For details see p.p. 23-24 Vol.VII of the Patanjala Mahabhasya edition nāgeśa the most reputed modern scholar of Panini's grammar, who was well-versed in other Sastras also, who lived in Benares in the latter half of the seventeenth and the first half of the eighteenth century. He wrote many masterly commentaries known by the words शेखर and उद्द्योत on the authoritative old works in the different Sastras, the total list of his small and big works together well nigh exceeding a hundredition Mahābhāṣya-Pradīpoddyota by Nāgeśa. edition nipātana a word given, as it appears, without trying for its derivation,in authoritative works of ancient grammarians especially Panini;confer, compare et cetera, and others et cetera, and others confer, compare et cetera, and others et cetera, and others Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). padakāra literally Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). confer, compare Vārttika (on the Sūtra of Pāṇini). padādi (1) beginning of a word, the first letter of a word; confer, compare confer, compare confer, compare nominative case. et cetera, and others et cetera, and others confer, compare confer, compare padānta inal letter of a word; confer, compare confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). paribhāṣāsegraha' a work containing a collection of independent works on Paribhasas in the several systems of Sanskrit Grammar, compiled by M. M. K. V. Abhyankar. The collectlon consists of the following works (i) परिभाषासूचन containing 93 Paribhasas with a commentary by Vyadi, an ancient grammarian who lived before Patanjali; ( ii ) ब्याडीयपरिभाषापाठ, a bare text of 140 Paribhaasaas belonging to the school of Vyadi (iii) शाकटायनपरिभाषासूत्र a text of 98 Paribhasa aphorisms, attributed to the ancient grammarian Saka-tayana, or belonging to that school; [iv) चान्द्रपरिभाषासूत्र a text of 86 Paribhasa aphorisms given at the end of his grammar work by Candragomin; (v) कातन्त्रपरिभाषासूत्रवृत्ति a gloss on 65 Paribhas aphorisms of the Katantra school by Durgasimha; (vi) कातन्त्रपारभाषासूत्रवृत्ति a short gloss on 62 Paribhasa aphorisms of the Katantra school by Bhavamisra; (vii) कातन्त्रपरिभाषासूत्र a text of 96 Paribhasa rules belonging to the Katantra school without any author's name associated with it; (viii) कालापपरिभाषासूत्र a text of 118 Paribhasa rules belonging to the Kalapa school without any author's name associated with it; (ix) जैनेन्द्रपरिभाषावृत्ति a gloss written by M. M. K. V. Abhyankar ( the compiler of the collection), on 108 Paribhasas or maxims noticeable in the Mahavrtti of Abhayanandin on the Jainendra Vyakarana of Pujyapada Devanandin; (x) भोजदेवकृतपरि-भाषासूत्र a text of 118 Paribhasa rules given by Bhoja in the second pada of the first adhyaaya of his grammar work named Sarasvatikanthabharana; (xi) न्यायसंग्रह a bare text of 140 paribhasas(which are called by the name nyaya) given by Hema-hamsagani in his paribhasa.work named न्यायसंग्रह; (xii) लधुपरिभाषावृत्ति a gloss on 120 Paribhasas of the Panini school written by Puruso-ttamadeva; (xiii) वृहत्परिभाषावृत्ति con-taining 130 Paribhasas with a commentary by Siradeva and a very short,gloss on the commentary by Srimanasarman ( xiv ) परिभाषावृत्ति a short gloss on 140 Paribhasas of the Panini school written by Nilakantha; (xv) परिभाषाभास्कर a collection of 132 Paribhasas with a commentary by Haribhaskara Agnihotri; (xvi) bare text of Paribhasa given and explained by Nagesabhatta in his Paribhasendusekhara. The total number of Paribhasas mentioned and treated in the whole collection exceeds five hundredition paribhāṣāsūcana an old work on the Paribhasas in the system of Panini's Grammar, believed to have been written by Vyaadi, who lived after Kaatyayana and before Patanjali. The work is written in the old style of the MahabhaSya and consists of a short commentary on 93 Paribhasas. parimāṇa a word used by Panini in तदस्य परिमाणम् V.1.19 and explained by Patanjali as सर्वतो मानम् .Samkhya ( number ) is also said to be a parimana. Parimana is of two kindsनियत or definite as in the case of Khaari, drona etc; and अनियत, as in the case of Gana, Samgha, PUga, Sartha, Sena et cetera, and others paspaśā called also पस्पशाह्निक; name given to the first or introductory chapter ( अाह्निक ) of the Maahabhaasya of Patanjali. The word occurs first in the SiSupaalavadha of Maagha. The word is derived from पस्पश् , the frequentative base of स्पर्श to touch or to see (ancient use). Possibly it may be explained as derived from स्पश् with अप; cf . शब्दबिद्येव नो भाति राजनीतिरपस्पशा Sis.II.112. Mallinatha has understood the word पस्पश m. and explained it as introduction to a Saastra treatise; confer, compare pāṇini the illustrious ancient grammarian of India who is wellknown by his magnum opus, the Astaka or Astaadhyaayi which has maintained its position as a unique work on Sanskrit grammar unparalleled upto the present day by any other work on grammar, not only of the Sanskrit language, but ofany other language, classical as well as spoken. His mighty intelligence grasped, studied and digested not only the niceties of accentuation and formation of Vedic words, scattered in the vast Vedic Literature of his time, but those of classical words in the classical literature and the spoken Sanskrit language of his time in all its different aspects and shades, noticeable in the various provinces and districts of the vast country. The result of his careful study of the Vedic Literature and close observation ofeminine. accusative case. pāṇinisūtra called also by the name अष्टक or पाणिनीय-अष्टक; name given to the SUtras of Paanini comprising eight adhyaayaas or books. The total number of SUtras as commented upon by the writers of the Kasika and the Siddhaantakaumudi is 3983. As nine sUtras out of these are described as Vaarttikas and two as Ganasutras by Patanjali, it is evident that there were 3972 SUtras in the Astaka of Paanini according to Patanjali. A verse current among Vaiyakarana schools states the number to be 3996; confer, compare pāṇinisūtravārtika name given to the collection of explanatory pithy notes of the type of SUtras written. mainly by Kaatyaayana. The Varttikas are generally written in the style of the SUtras, but sometimes they are written in Verse also. The total number of Varttikas is well-nigh a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. confer, compare et cetera, and others puṃvadbhāva restoration of the masculine form in the place of the feminine one as noticed in compound words, formed generally by the Karmadhāraya and the Bahuvrīhi compounds, where the first member is declinable in all the three genders; e. g. दीर्घजङ्घः. This restoration to the masculine form is also noticed before the taddhita affix. paurastyavaiyākaraṇa a grammarian of the eastern school which is believed to have been started by जिनेन्द्रबुद्धि the writer of the gloss called न्यास on the Kasikavrtti. The school practically terminated with पुरुषोत्तमदेव and सीरदेव at the end of the twelfth century A.D. Such a school existed also at the time of Panini and Patanjali, a reference to which is found made in प्राचां ष्फ ताद्धतः P. IV. 1.17 and प्राचामवृद्धात्फिन् बहुलम् IV.1. 160 and प्राचामुपादेरडज्वुचौ च V.3.80 where the word is explained as प्राचामाचार्याणां by the writer of the Kasika. pratisaṃskaraṇa editing with improvement, with an attempt to restore the correct version or the original text in the place of the corrupt one sometimes suitable additions and improvements are also made; e. g. चरकप्रतिसंस्करण attributed to Patanjali. pradīpa popular name of the famous commentary on the Mahabhasya of Patanjali written by the reputed grammarian Kaiyata in the eleventh century A. D. The cornmentary is a very scholarly and critical one and really does justice to the well-known compliment given to it, viz. that the Pradipa has kept the Mahabhasya alive which otherwise would have remained unintelligible and consequently become lost. The commentary प्रदीप is based on the commentary महाभाष्यदीपिका,or प्रदीपिका written by Bhartrhari, which is available at present only in a fragmentary form. The Pradipa is to this day looked upon as the single commentary on the Mahabhasya in spite of the presence of a few other commentaries on it which are all thrown into the back-ground by it. prāgdeśa districts of the east especially districts to the east of Ayodhya and Pataliputra, such as Magadha, Vanga and others; nothing can definitely be said as to which districts were called Eastern by Panini and his followers Katyayana and Patanjali. A Varttika given in the Kasika but not traceable in the Mahabhasya defines Pragdesa as districts situated to the east of शरावती (probably the modern river Ravi or a river near that river ): confer, compare Kāśikā of Jayāditya and Vāmana. prāṇapaṇā a gloss on the Mahabhasya of Patanjali, written by the famous easterm grammarian Purusottamadeva of the 12th century A. D., of which only a fragment of a few pages is available. As the legend goes, the name प्राणपणा was given to the gloss as it was accompanied by an oath on the part of the author that his life was at stake if he did even the slightest injustice to the author of the Mahabhasya. phiṭsūtra a small work on accents attributed to Santanava,an ancient Vedic scholar who lived before Patanjali if not before Panini, as the latter has not referred to him. There is an anonymous commentary upon it. bhartṛhari a very distinguished Grammarian who lived in the seventh century A. D. He was a senior contemporary of the authors of the Kasika, who have mentioned his famous work viz. The Vakyapadiya in the Kasika. confer, compare Kāśikā of Jayāditya and Vāmana. bhāṣya a learned commentary on an original work, of recognised merit and scholarship, for which people have got a sense of sanctity in their mind; generally every Sūtra work of a branch of technical learning (or Śāstra) in Sanskrit has got a Bhāṣya written on it by a scholar of recognised merit. Out of the various Bhāṣya works of the kind given a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. confer, compare bhāṣyakāra Patañjali, the author of the Pātañjala Mahābhāṣya; the term, in this sense, frequently occurs in works on Grammar. See भाष्य. bhāṣyeṣṭi the brief pithy assertions or injunctions of the type of Sūtras given by Patañjali in a way to supplement the Sūtras of Pāṇini and the Vārttikas thereon. See the word इष्टि a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. bhairavamiśra one of the reputed grammarians of the latter half of the eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century who wrote commentaries on several prominent works on grammar. He was the son of भवदेव and his native place was Prayāga. He has written the commentary called Candrakalā on the Laghuśabdenduśekhara, Parikṣā on the Vaiyākaraṇabhũṣanasāra, Gadā called also Bhairavī or Bhairavīgadā on the Paribhāṣenduśekhara and commentaries (popularly named Bhairavī) on the Śabdaratna and Lingānuśāsana. He is reported to have visited Poona, the capital of the Peśawas and received magnificent gifts for exceptional proficiency in Nyāya and Vyākaraṇa. For details see pp. 24 and 25 Vol. VII . Pātañjala Mahābhāṣya D. E. Society's Edition. mahābhāṣya literally Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī. confer, compare et cetera, and others edition a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. confer, compare mahābhāṣyadīpikā a very learned old commentary on the Mahabhasya of Patanjali written by the reputed grammarian Bhartrhari or Hari in the seventh century A. D. The commentary has got only one manuscript preserved in Germany available at present, of which photostat copies or ordinary copies are found here and there. The first page of the manuscript is missing and it is incomplete also, the commentary not going beyond the first seven Aahnikas. For details see page 383 Vol. VII Vyaakarana Mahabhasya D. E. Society's edition. mahābhāṣyapradīpa a very scholarly commentary on Patanjali's MahabhaSya written by Kaiyatabhatta in the eleventh century, The commentary has so nicely explained every difficult and obscure point in the Mahabhasya, and has so thoroughly explained each sentence that the remark of later grammarians that the torch of the Mahabhasya has been kept burning by the Pradipa appears quite apt and justifiedition mādhurīrvṛti a gloss not composed by, but simply explained by an inhabitant of Mathuraa or Madhuraa Such a gloss is referred to in the Mahaabhaasya on P.IV.3.101 Vaart.3, which possibly might be referring to an existing gloss on the SUtras of Paanini, which was being explained at Mathura, at the time of Patanjali. The term मधुरा was used for मथुरा in ancient times and the word माथुरी वृत्ति is also used for माधुरी वृति. rāmabhadra dīkṣita son of यज्ञराम दीक्षित, a grammarian of Tanjore of the seventeenth century who wrote a commentary on the Paribhasavrtti of Siradeva named परिभाषावृत्तिव्याख्या. He has also written the ' life of Patanjali' ( पतञ्जलिचरित ) and many miscellaneous works, such as उणादिमणिदीपिका and others. vararuci (1) a reputed ancient grammarian who is identified with Katyayana, the prominent author of the Varttikas on the Sutras of Panini. Both the names वररुचि and कात्यायन are mentioned in commentary works in connection with the Varttikas on the Sutras of Panini, and it is very likely that Vararuci was the individual name of the scholar, and Katyayana his family name. The words कात्य and कात्यायन are found used in Slokavarttikas in the Mahabhasya on P.III.2.3 and III.2.118 where references made are actually found in the prose Varttikas (see कविधेो सर्वत्र प्रसारणिभ्यो ड: P.III. 2. 3 Vart and स्मपुरा भूतमात्रे न स्मपुराद्यतने P.III.2.118 Vart. 1)indicating that the Slokavarttikakara believed that the Varttikas were composed by Katyayana. There is no reference at all in the Mahabhasya to Vararuci as a writer of the Varttikas; there is only one reference which shows that there was a scholar by name Vararuci known to Patanjali, but he was a poet; confer, compare feminine. varṇikuberanātha or वर्णिकुवेरानन्द an old writer on grammar who has written a work named शब्दविवरण on the meanings of words. The work forms a part of his bigger work दानभागवत. Both the works are incomplete. The शब्दविवरण is based mostly upon ancient grammar works of Patanjali Vararuci, Varttikakara, Sarvavarman, Bhartrhari and others. vākyaparisamāpti completion of the idea to be expressed in a sentence or in a group of sentences by the wording actually given, leaving nothing to be understood as contrasted with वाक्यापरिसमाप्ति used in the Mahabhasya: confer, compare Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). et cetera, and others vārttika a statement which is as much authoritative as the original statement to which it is given as an addition for purposes of correction, completion or explanation. The word is defined by old writers in an often-guoted verseउक्तानुक्तदुरुक्तनां चिन्ता यत्र प्रवर्तते | तं ग्रन्थं वार्तिकं प्राहुर्वार्तिकज्ञा मनीषिण:|This definition fully applies to the varttikas on the Sutras of Panini. The word is explained by Kaiyata as वृत्तौ साधु वार्त्तिकम् which gives strength to the supposition that there were glosses on the Sutras of Panini of which the Varttikas formed a faithful pithy summary of the topics discussedition a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. vārttikakāra believed to be Katyayana to whom the whole bulk of the Varttikas quoted in the Mahabhasya is attributed by later grammarians. Patafijali gives the word वार्तिककार in four places only (in the Mahabhasya on P.I.1.34, III.1.44: III.2.118 and VII.1.1) out of which his statement स्यादिविधिः पुरान्तः यद्यविशेषणं भवति किं वार्तिककारः प्रातिषेधेनं करोति in explanation of the Slokavarttika स्यादिविधिः...इति हुवता कात्यायनेनेहृ, shows that Patanjali gives कात्यायन as the Varttikakara (of Varttikas in small prose statements) and the Slokavarttika is not composed by Katyayana. As assertions similar to those made by other writers are quoted with the names of their authors ( भारद्वाजीयाः, सौनागाः, कोष्ट्रियाः et cetera, and others vāsudeva ( शास्त्री) surnamed Abhyankar, who lived from 1863 to l942 and did vigorous and active work of teaching pupils and writing essays, articles, commentary works and original works on various Shastras with the same scholarship, zeal and acumen for fifty years in Poona. He wrote गूढार्थप्रकाश a commentary on the LaghuSabdendusekhara and तत्त्वादर्श a commentary on the Paribhasendusekhara in 1889. His edition of the Patanjala Mahabhasya with full translation and notes in Marathi can be called his magnum opus. See अभ्यंकर. visarga aspiration, leaving of the breath generally at the completion of the utterance of a word when there is a pause; the term विसर्जनीय was in use in ancient times. Although not mentioned in his alphabet by Pāṇini, this Phonetic element, visarga, is looked upon as a letter; it is mentioned as one of the letters in the Śikṣā and the Prātiśākhya works and Patañjali has advised its inclusion in the alphabet. As visarga cannot be found in use independently of another letter (which is any vowel after which it occurs) it is called अयोगवाह. vyaktipadārthavāda the same as द्रव्यपदार्थवाद; the view that a word denotes the individual object and not the generic nature. The oldest grammarian referred to as holding this view, is व्याडि who preceded Patanjali. vyākaraṇamahābhāṣyapradīpa the original name of the learned commentary on Patanjali's Mahabhasya by Kaiyatabhatta the well-known grammarian of Kashmir of the eleventh century. See प्रदीप and कैयट. vyākaraṇādhyayanaprayojana the purpose of the study of Grammar which is beautifully summed up and discussed in the first Ahnika by Patanjali in his Mahabhasya. vyāghrabhūti name of an old grammarian later than Patanjali who is quoted by later grammarians; confer, compare śabdānuśāsana literally a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page. śākaṭāyana (1) name of an ancient reputed scholar of Grammar and Pratisakhyas who is quoted by Panini. He is despisingly referred to by Patanjali as a traitor grammarian sympathizing with the Nairuktas or etymologists in holding the view that all substantives are derivable and can be derived from roots; cf तत्र नामान्याख्यातजानीति शाकटायनो नैरुक्तसमयश्च Nir.I.12: cf also नाम च धातुजमाह निरुक्ते व्याकरणे शकटस्य च तोकम् M. Bh on P.III.3.1. Sakatayana is believed to have been the author of the Unadisutrapatha as also of the RkTantra Pratisakhya of the Samaveda ; (2) name of a Jain grammarian named पाल्यकीर्ति शाकटायन who lived in the ninth century during the reign of the Rastrakuta king Amoghavarsa and wrote the Sabdanusana which is much similar to the Sutrapatha of Panini and introduced a new System of Grammar. His work named the Sabdanusasana consists of four chapters which are arranged in the form of topics, which are named सिद्धि. The grammar work is called शब्दानुशासन. ślokavārtika Varttika or supplementary rule to Panini's rules laid down by scholars of grammar immediately after Panini, composed in verse form. These Slokavarttikas are quoted in the Mahabhasya at various places and supposed to have been current in the explanations of Panini's Astadhyayi in the days of Patanjali. The word is often used by later commentators. siddha (1) established; the term is used in the sense of नित्य or eternal in the Varttika सिद्धे शब्दार्थसंबन्धे where, as Patanjali has observed, the word सिद्ध meaning नित्य has been purposely put in to mark an auspicious beginning of the शब्दानुशासनशास्त्र which commences with that Varttika; confer, compare confer, compare et cetera, and others sūtrakāra the original writer of the sutras; e. g. पाणिनि, शाकटायन, शर्ववर्मन् , हेमचन्द्र and others. In Panini's system, Panini is called Sutrakara, as contrasted with Katyayana,who is called the Varttikakara and Patanjali, who is called the Bhasyakara;confer, compare svara (l) vowel, as contrasted with a consonant which never stands by itself independently. The word स्वर is defined generally :as स्वयं राजन्ते ते स्वराः ( Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali on the Sūtras of Pāṇini (Dr. Kielhorn's edition ). Ṛgvedaprātiśākhya by Śaunaka ( Sanskrit Sāhityapariṣad Edition, Calcutta.) Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya. Atharvaveda Prātiśākhya. a reference to some preceding word, not necessarily on the same page.
