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aparagandhikā | f. Name (also title or epithet) of a country (= ketumāla-),  |
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atī | ( i-) cl.2 P. aty-eti-, -etum-, to pass by, elapse, pass over, overflow ; to pass on ; to get over ; (Vedic or Veda infinitive mood /aty-etavai-), to pass through ; to defer ; to enter ; to overcome, overtake, outdo ; to pass by, neglect ; to overstep, violate ; to be redundant ; to die: Intensive atīyate-, to overcome.  |
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avaci | (parasmE-pada -cinvat- ; ind.p. -icitya-; infinitive mood -cetum- ) to gather, collect (as fruits from a tree, vṛkṣam- phalāni-[double accusative ] ) ; (p.f. -cinvatī-), to draw back or open one's garment  |
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bhī | cl.3 P. ( ) bibh/eti- (dual number bibhītas-or bibhitas- Potential bibhīyāt-or bibhiyāt- ; Potential 3. plural bibhyeyuḥ- ; imperfect tense 3. plural abibhayuḥ- ; Epic also A1.1. sg. bibhye-and and P.3. sg. bibhyati- plural bibhyanti-;Ved. also cl.1 A1. bh/ayate-,and accord, to ,cl.10. P. bhāyayati-; perfect tense bibhāya-,3. plural bibhyuḥ- etc.; bībhāya- ; bibhay/āṃ cakara- confer, compare ; Aorist abhaiṣīt-, ṣma-, ṣuḥ- etc., 2. sg. bhaiṣīs- , bhais- etc., especially in mābhais-,"do not be afraid";once for plural equals mā bhaiṣṭa- ; bhes- ; bhema- , parasmE-pada A1. bhiyān/a- ,; future bhetā- grammar;cond, abheṣyat- ; infinitive mood bhiy/ase- ; bhetum- etc.) , to fear, be afraid of (ablative or genitive case,rarely instr, or accusative) etc. ; to fear for, be anxious about (ablative) : Passive voice bhīyate-, Aorist , abhāyi- grammar : Causal bhīṣ/ayate- ( etc.; confer, compare ), bhīṣayati- ( ;once mc. bhiṣ- ; parasmE-pada bhīṣayāṇa- ; Aorist bībhiṣaḥ- , ṣathāḥ- ), bhāyayati-, te- ( ; Potential bhāyayes- ; varia lectio bhīṣayes-; Aorist bībhayat-, /abībhayanta- ; ind.p. -bhāyya- ), bhāpayate- ( ), to terrify, put in a fright, intimidate etc. etc.: Desiderative bibhīṣati- grammar : Intensive bebhīyate-, bebhayīti-, bebheti- [ confer, compare bhyas-; Lithuanian bijo4tis; Slavonic or Slavonian bojati; German biben,beben.]  |
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hetu | m. "impulse", motive, cause, cause of, reason for (locative case,rarely dative case or genitive case; hetunā-, hetoḥ-, hetave-, hetau-,"for a cause or reason","by reason of","on account of"[with genitive case or compound exempli gratia, 'for example' mama hetoḥ-or mad-dhetoḥ-,"on account of me"]; kaṃ hetum-or ko heṭuḥ-,"wherefore?""why?" ; yato hetoḥ-,"because"; anena hetunā-or iti hetoḥ-,"for this reason"; mṛtyu-hetave-,"in order to kill"; hetur alaukikaḥ-,"a supernatural cause"; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' hetu-also ="having as a cause or motive","caused or effected or actuated or attracted or impelled by" exempli gratia, 'for example' karma-hetu-,"caused by the acts [of a former existence]" ; māṃsa-hetu-,"attracted by [the smell of] flesh" ; karma-phala-hetu-,"impelled by [the expectation of] the consequences of any act" ) etc.  |
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i | cl.2 P. /eti- (imperative 2. sg. ih/i-) and 1. P. A1. /ayati-, ayate- ([ confer, compare ay-]), (perfect tense iyāya-[2. sg. iy/atha- , and iy/etha- ] future eṣyati-; Aorist aiṣīt-; infinitive mood etum-, /etave- and , /etav/ai- /etos- ity/ai- ) to go, walk ; to flow ; to blow ; to advance, spread, get about ; to go to or towards (with accusative), come etc. ; to go away, escape, pass, retire ; to arise from, come from ; to return (in this sense only future) ; (with punar-) to come back again, return etc. ; to succeed ; to arrive at, reach, obtain etc. ; to fall into, come to ; to approach with prayers, gain by asking (confer, compare ita-) ; to undertake anything (with accusative) ; to be employed in, go on with, continue in any condition or relation (with a participle or instrumental case exempli gratia, 'for example' asura-rakṣasāni mṛdyamānāni yanti-,"the asura-s and Rakshases are being continually crushed" ; gavāmayaneneyuḥ-,"they, were engaged in the [festival called] gavāmayana-" ) ; to appear, be : Intensive A1. /īyate- ( ; parasmE-pada iyān/a- ; infinitive mood iy/adhyai- ) to go quickly or repeatedly ; to come, wander, run, spread, get about ; to appear, make one's appearance ; to approach any one with requests (with two accusative), ask, request : Passive voice /īyate-, to be asked or requested : Causal āyayati-, to cause to go or escape ; ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin e-o,i1-mus,i-ter,etc.; Lithuanian ei-mi4,"I go"; Slavonic or Slavonian i-du7,"I go",i-ti,"to go"; Gothic i-ddja,"I went."])  |
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ji | cl.1. j/ayati-, te- (imperfect tense /ajayat-; Aorist ajaiṣīt-,Ved. /ajais-,1. plural /ajaiṣma-, j/eṣma-,2. sg. jes-and A1. j/eṣi- subjunctive j/eṣat-, ṣas-, ṣāma- ; Aorist A1. ajeṣṭa-; future 1st. j/etā- etc.; future jeṣy/ati-, ; perfect tense jig/āya-[ ], jigetha-, jigyur-; parasmE-pada jigīv/as-[ giv/as- ; accusative plural gy/uṣas-] etc.; infinitive mood jiṣ/e-, ; j/etave- ; Classical jetum-: Passive voice jīyate-, ajīyata-[ ], ajāyi-, jāyiṣyate-;for j/īyate-and cl.9. jin/āti-See jyā-) to win or acquire (by conquest or in gambling), conquer (in battle), vanquish (in a game or lawsuit), defeat, excel, surpass etc. (with p/unar-,"to reconquer" ) ; to conquer (the passions), overcome or remove (any desire or difficulties or diseases) etc. ; to expel from (ablative) ; to win anything (accusative) from (accusative), vanquish anyone (accusative) in a game (accusative) ; to be victorious, gain the upper hand ; often proper in the sense of an imperative "long live!""glory to" etc.: Causal jāpayati- ( ) to cause to win ; (Aorist 2. pl, /ajījipata-and /ajījap-) ; to conquer (Aorist ajījayat-): Passive voice jāpyate-, to be made to conquer : Desiderative j/igīṣati-, te- ( ; parasmE-pada ṣat-, ṣamāṇa-) to wish to win or obtain or conquer or excel etc. ; (A1.) to seek for prey : Intensive jejīyate-  |
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kṣemya | m. Name of several princes [a son of sunītha- and father of ketumat- ;a son of ugrāyudha- and father of su-vīra- ;(equals kṣema-)a son of śuci- and father of suvrata- ]  |
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lī | (see rī-) cl.9 P. ( ) lināti-, to adhere, obtain (not usually found) ; cl.1 P. layati- ( ), to melt, liquefy, dissolve (not usually found) ; cl.4 A1. ( ) l/īyate- (Vedic or Veda also lāyate-; perfect tense lilye-, lilyuḥ- etc.; lilāya-, lalau- grammar; Aorist aleṣṭa- ; alaiṣīt-, alāsīt-, alāsta- grammar; future letā-, lātā-; leṣyati-or lāsyati-, te- ; infinitive mood letumorla1tum ; ind.p. -lāyam- ; līya- etc.) , to cling or press closely, stick or adhere to (locative case) etc. ; to remain sticking ; to lie, recline, alight or settle on, hide or cower down in (locative case), disappear, vanish etc.: Causal P. lāpayati- or lāyayati-, to cause to cling etc. etc. ; A1. lāpayate-, to deceive ; to obtain honour ; to humble : Desiderative lilīṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive lelīyate-, lelayīti-, leleti- (see lelāya-).  |
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nī | (for 1.See) cl.1 P. A1. ( ) nayati- te- (perfect tense P. nināya-,2. sg. ninetha- plural nīnima- ; subjunctive ninīth/as- Potential ninīyāt- ; imperative ninetu- ; A1. ninye- etc.; -nayām āsa- ; -nayāṃ cakre- ; Aorist P.3. dual number anītām- subjunctive n/eṣi-, neth/ā- ; anaiṣīt- subjunctive neṣati-, ṣat-,3. plural A1. aneṣata- ; anayīt- ; future neṣyati- ; te- ; nayiṣyati-, te- ; n/etā-, nayitā- ; ind.p. nītvā- etc.; nayitvā- ; n/īya- etc.; infinitive mood neṣ/aṇi- ; n/etavai-, tos-and nayitum- ; n/etum- etc.), to lead, guide, conduct, direct, govern (also with agram-and genitive case; see agra-ṇī-) etc. ; to lead etc. towards or to (accusative with or without prati- dative case, locative case or artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') ; to lead or keep away, exclude from (ablative) ; (A1.) to carry off for one's self (as a victor, owner etc.) ; (A1.,rarely P.) to lead home id est marry ; to bring into any state or condition (with accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' with vaśam-,to bring into subjection, subdue[A1. ; P. ];with śūdra-tām-,to reduce to a śūdra- ;with sākṣyam-[A1.],to admit as a witness, ;with vyāghra-tām-,to change into a tiger ;with vikrayam-,to sell ;with paritoṣam-,to satisfy ;with duḥkham-,to pain ;rarely, with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' duhitṛ-tve-,to make a person one's daughter ;or with an adverb in -sāt- exempli gratia, 'for example' bhasmasāt-to reduce to ashes ) ; to draw (a line etc.) ; to pass or spend (time) etc. ; (with daṇḍam-) to bear the rod id est inflict punishment (with vyavahāram-) to conduct a process ; (with kriyām-) to conduct a ceremony, preside over a religious act ; to trace, track, find out, ascertain, settle, decide (with anyathā-,"wrongly") etc. ; (A1.) to be foremost or chief : Causal nāyayati-, te-, to cause to lead etc. ; to cause to be led by (instrumental case) (see Va1rtt. 5 ) : Desiderative n/inīṣati-, te- ( , w. r. nineṣati-), to wish to lead or bring or carry to or into (accusative or dative case) etc. ; to wish to carry away ; to wish to spend or pass (time) ; to wish to exclude from (ablative) ; to wish to find out or ascertain, investigate : Intensive nenīy/ate- to lead as a captive, have in one's power, rule, govern  |
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nilī | A1. -līyate- (rarely P. exempli gratia, 'for example' Potential -līyet-) etc. or -l/ayate- (see ni-rī-; imperfect tense -alāyata- ; perfect tense -lilye-,3. plural yire-,or yur- ; Aorist -aleṣṭa- ;3. plural -aleṣata- ; ind.p. -l/āya- ; -līya- ; infinitive mood -letum- ) ; to settle down (especially applied to the alighting of birds), alight, descend etc. ; to become settled or fixed ; to hide one's self, conceal one's self from (ablative), disappear, perish  |
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parāji | A1. -jayate- (see ; perfect tense -jigye- ; parasmE-pada -jigyāna- ; Aorist parājaiṣṭa- ; future -jayiṣye- ;but also P. exempli gratia, 'for example' Potential -jayet-,or -jayyāt- ; perfect tense -jigyathur- ; Aorist parājaiṣīt- ; infinitive mood -jetum- ; ind.p. -jitya- ), to be deprived of, suffer the loss of (accusative), be conquered, succumb etc. ; to submit to, be overcome by (ablative) ; to conquer, win, vanquish, overthrow etc. ; to defeat in a lawsuit  |
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parici | (2. sg. imperative -cinu-; parasmE-pada -cinvat-; infinitive mood -cetum-), to examine, investigate, search ; to find out, know, learn, exercise, practise, become acquainted with (accusative) : Passive voice -cīyate- : Causal A1. -cāyayate-, to search, seek for  |
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pariji | P. -jayati- (infinitive mood -jetum-), to conquer, overpower  |
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pravṛt | A1. -vartate-, (Epic also P. ti-), to roll or go onwards (as a carriage), be set in motion or going etc. ; to set out, depart, betake one's self etc. ; to proceed (vartmanā-,or ni-,on a path; apathena-,on a wrong path) ; to come forth, issue, originate, arise, be produced, result, occur, happen, take place etc. ; to commence, begin to (infinitive mood), set about, engage in, be intent upon or occupied with (dative case locative case,or artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') etc. ; to proceed against, do injury to (locative case) ; to debauch (anyo 'nyam-,"one another") ; to act or proceed according to or with (instrumental case or ablative) etc. ; to behave or conduct one's self towards, deal with (locative case) ; to hold good, prevail ; to continue, keep on (pr.p.) ; to be, exist ; to serve for, conduce to (dative case,or artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') ; to mean, be used in the sense of (locative case) ; to let any one (genitive case) have anything (accusative) : Causal -vartayati-, to cause to turn or roll, set in motion etc. ; to throw, hurl, Pour forth ; to send ; to set on foot, circulate, diffuse, divulge etc. ; to introduce, appoint, instal ; to produce, create, accomplish, devise, invent, perform, do, make (with setum-to erect a dam;with vyayakarma-,to effect expenditure;with loka-yātrām-,to transact the business of life;with kathām-,to relate a story) ; to exhibit, show, display ; to undertake, begin etc. ; to use, employ ; to induce any one to do anything, betray into (locative case) ; to proceed against (locative case) |
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rī | or ri- (see li-) cl.9 P. ( ) riṇ/āti- cl.4 P. ( ) r/īyate- (riṇīte- ; riyati- ; imperfect tense ariṇvan- ; Gr.pf. rirāya-, rirye-; Aorist araiṣīt-, areṣṭa-; future retā-; reṣyati-, te-; infinitive mood retum-), to release, set free, let go ; to sever, detach from (ablative) ; to yield, bestow ; (A1.) to be shattered or dissolved, melt, become fluid, drop, flow : Causal repayati- (Aorist arīripat-) grammar : Desiderative rirīṣati-, te- : Intens, rerīyate-, rerayīti-  |
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śakya | mf(ā-)n. able, possible, practicable, capable of being (with infinitive mood in pass. sense exempli gratia, 'for example' na sā śakyā netum balāt-,"she cannot be conducted by force"; tan mayā śakyam pratśpattum-,"that is able to be acquired by me";the form śakyam-may also be used with a Nominal verb case which is in a different gender or number exempli gratia, 'for example' śakyaṃ śva-māṃsādibhir api kṣut pratihantum-,"hunger can be appeased even by dog's flesh etc."; see ) etc.  |
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si | (confer, compare 4. sā-) cl.5.9. P. A1. ( ) sinoti-, sinute-; sin/āti-, sinite- (really occurring only in present tense sin/āti-, imperfect tense asinot-; perfect tense siṣāya- ; Aorist [?] siṣet- ; asaiṣīt-, aseṣṭa- grammar; future setā- ; siṣyati- ; seṣyati-, te- grammar; infinitive mood s/etave- ; setum- grammar), to bind, tie, fetter : Causal sāyayati- (Aorist asīṣayat-) grammar : Desiderative sisīṣati-, te- : Intensive seṣīyate-, seṣayīti-, seṣeti- [ confer, compare Greek ,; Lettish sinu,"to bind"; Anglo-Saxon sa7l; German Seil.] |
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smi | cl.1 A1. ( ) smayate- (mc. also ti-; perfect tense sismiye-,or siṣmiy/e-[ parasmE-pada siṣmiyāṇ/a- confer, compare upa-smi-], Epic also -smayām-āsa-; Aorist asmeṣṭa- ; asmayiṣṭhās- ; future smetā-, smeṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood smetum- ; ind.p. smitvā- ; -smitya-, -smayitya- ), to smile, blush, become red or radiant, shine ; to smile, laugh etc. ; to expand, bloom (as a flower) ; to be proud or arrogant : Passive voice smīyate- (Aorist asmāyi-), grammar : Causal smāyayati-, te- (Aorist asismayat-;also smāpayati-in vi-smi- q.v), to cause to smile or laugh etc. ; (A1.) to laugh at, mock, despise (varia lectio for smiṭ- q.v): Desiderative sismayiṣate- grammar : Intensive seṣmīyate- (parasmE-pada yamāṇa- ), seṣmayīti-, seṣmeti- [ confer, compare Greek for ; , ; Latin mirus,mirari; Slavonic or Slavonian smijati; English smile.]  |
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udi | P. -/eti-, -etum- (and /ud-etos-, ) to go up to, proceed or move up, proceed ; to rise (as the sun or a star etc.) etc. ; to come up (as a cloud) ; to start up, rise up against, march off ; to rise, raise one's self ; to increase, be enhanced ; to be conceited or proud etc. ; to go out of ; to come out or arise from etc. ; to escape etc.: Passive voice (impersonal or used impersonally -īyate-) to be risen |
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uta | ind. in this sense it may be strengthened by āho- (exempli gratia, 'for example' kaccit tvam asi mānuṣī utāho surāṅganā-,art thou a mortal woman or divine? nala-) , or by āho-svit- (exempli gratia, 'for example' śālihotraḥ kiṃ nu syād utāhosvid rājā nalaḥ-,can it be śālihotra- or king nala-?) Rarely kim- is repeated before uta- used in this sense (exempli gratia, 'for example' kim nu svargāt prāptā tasyā rūpeṇa kimutānyāgatā-,has she arrived from heaven or has another come in her form? ) etc. (As a particle of wishing, especially at the beginning of a sentence followed by a potential) would that! utinam! (exempli gratia, 'for example' utādhīyīta-,would that he would read!) (uta-preceded by kim-) on the contrary, how much more, how much less (exempli gratia, 'for example' kam&iencoding=&lang='>samartho 'si sahasram api jetuṃ kimutaikam-,thou art able to conquer even a thousand, how much more one ) etc. (uta-preceded by prati-) on the contrary, rather (exempli gratia, 'for example' eṣa pṛṣṭo 'smābhir na jalpati hanti praty-uta pāṣāṇaih-,this one questioned by us does not speak, but rather throws stones at us)  |
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vī | cl.2 P. ( ) veti- (according to to some in the conjug. tenses substituted for aj-;2. sg. v/eṣi-also as imperative ;3. plural vy/anti- ; subjunctive 2. 3. sg. ves- ; imperative vīh/i-, vītāt- ;3. plural viyantu- ; parasmE-pada A1. vyān/a- ; perfect tense vivāya-, vivye- ; Aorist avaiṣīt- grammar;3. plural aveṣan- subjunctive veṣat- ; future vetā-, veṣyati- infinitive mood vetum- grammar), to go, approach, (either as a friend id est"seek or take eagerly, grasp, seize, accept, enjoy", or as an enemy id est"fall upon, attack, assail, visit, punish, avenge") ; to set in motion, arouse, excite, impel ; to further, promote, lead or bring or help any one to (two accusative) ; to get, procure : Passive voice -vīy/ate- etc. : Causal vāyayati- or vāpayati- (Aorist avīvayat-), to cause to go or approach etc. ; to impregnate : Desiderative vivīṣati- grammar : Intensive , See ā-vī- and vevī-. ([ confer, compare according to to some, Latin ve-nari; German weida,Weide,weiden.])  |
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vī | ( vi-- 5 i-) P. vy-eti- (3. plural viyanti-; imperfect tense vy-ait-; perfect tense vīyāya-; infinitive mood vy-etum-;for vyayati-, vyayayati-See vyay-), to go apart or in different directions, diverge, be diffused or scattered or distributed or divided or extended etc. ; to be lost, perish, disappear etc. ; to go through, traverse : Intensive (or cl.4. A1.) vīyate-, to pass through, traverse |
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vyapanī | P. -nayati- (infinitive mood -netum-,or -nayitum-), to lead or take away ; to drive away, remove, banish etc. ; to pour out or away ; to take off, lay aside, get rid of (accusative) etc.: Causal -nāyayati-, to cause to take away or remove  |