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|  | | abhi | ind. exempli gratia, 'for example' abhi-tāmra-, abhi-nava- q.v (As a separate adverb or preposition) it expresses (with accusative) to, towards, in the direction of, against  | | | abhidhyai | -dhyāyati-, to direct one's intention to, set one's heart upon, intend, desire  etc. ; to meditate | | | abhidyu | mfn. directed to heaven, tending or going to heaven | | | abhilakṣyīkṛtya | ind.p. (1. kṛ-), aiming at a mark, directing towards. | | | abhimanas | mfn. "having the mind directed towards", desirous of, longing for (accusative) | | | abhimanasya | Nom. A1. (Opt. -manasy/eta-) "to have the mind directed towards", be pleased with, like | | | abhimukha | mf(ī-,rarely ā-)n. with the face directed towards, turned towards, facing (with accusative dative case genitive case;or in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') | | | abhimukham | ind. towards (often used in a hostile manner ), in the direction of, in front or presence of, near to (accusative genitive case;or in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') | | | ābhimukhya | n. (fr. abhi-mukha-), direction towards | | | ābhimukhya | n. wish or desire directed towards anything | | | abhiniṣkṛta | mfn. directed against (as an evil action) | | | abhiprahā | -jihīte-, to jump or fly upwards in the direction of (accusative) | | | abhisaṃcārin | mfn. "moving in every direction", inconstant, changeable | | | abhiṣeṇa | m. directing arrows against | | | abhisṛj | (imperfect tense -asṛjat-; Aorist Passive voice -/asarji-[ ] and 3. plural -asṛgran-[ ] or -asṛkṣata-[ ]) to pour into or upon (accusative), pour out for a purpose (accusative) or for the sake of (accusative) ; to let loose in a special direction ; (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. -srās-for -srākṣ-s-) to throw upon ; to surrender, give, grant, allow, permit etc. ; to assail, attack | | | abhisṛṣṭa | mfn. "let loose in a special direction", running towards (accusative or locative case) | | | abhisṛta | mfn. directed towards (in compound) | | | abhiviś | Caus., perf. Pass. p. -veśita-,"caused to enter upon", directed towards | | | abhyagra | mf(ā-)n. having the point turned or directed towards (accusative) | | | abhyanujñā | to assent to, approve, allow, permit, concede etc. ; to authorize, direct ; to allow one to depart, dismiss etc. ; (ind.p. -jñaya-; infinitive mood -jñātum-) to take leave, ask for leave to depart : Causal (ind.p. -jñāpya-; future parasmE-pada -jñāpayiṣyat-) to ask for leave to depart | | | ādeśin | mfn. commanding, directing | | | ādhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte- (in the later language usually A1.), 1. sg. /ā-dadhāmi- ; imperative 2. sg. ā-dhehi- ; perfect tense 3. plural -dadh/us- ; Aorist 3. plural /ā-dhus- ; parasmE-pada -dadhāna-, parasmE-pada Passive voice -dhīyamāna- (in compound exempli gratia, 'for example' ā-dhīyamāna-citta- ) ; perf. -dadhau-, etc. ; ([see under1. dhā-]), (P.and A1.) to place on, put down, deposit, put ; to impregnate, instil (exempli gratia, 'for example' good sentiments) , impress, direct ; to apply, appoint etc. ; to add (fuel to fire) etc. ; to give or deposit in pledge, stake (money) ; to give, supply, lend, deliver etc. ; to accept, receive etc. ; to make, constitute, effect etc. ; (only A1.) to keep, preserve, appropriate to one's self, hold, possess, take ; to conceive (as a woman), get children etc.: Causal -dhāpayati-, to cause to put: Desiderative A1. -dhitsate-, to wish to kindle (a fire) : P. (parasmE-pada -dhitsat-) to be about to take up (a stick for punishing) | | | adhibala | pursuing an aim by an indirect course, ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding | | | adhyās | to sit down or lie down upon, to settle upon ; to occupy as one's seat or habitation ; to get into, enter upon ; to be directed to or upon ; to affect, concern ; to preside over, influence, rule ; to cohabit with: Causal P. adhy-āsayati-, to cause to sit down : Desiderative (parasmE-pada adhyāsisiṣamāṇa-) to be about to rise up to (accusative) | | | ādiś | P. -did/eṣṭi- ([ subjunctive 3. sg. -dideśati- ]), -diś/ati- ([3. plural -diśanti- imperative 2. sg. -diśa- imperfect tense 1. sg. ādiśam-,etc.]) , rarely -diśate- ([ ]) infinitive mood -d/iśe- ([ ]) and -deṣṭum- (Aorist 3. sg. ādikṣat-[ See ] future 1. plural -dekṣyāmaḥ-, perf. -dideśa-) to aim at, have in view ; to threaten ; to hit ; to assign etc. ; to point out, indicate ; to report, announce, teach etc. ; to determine, specify, denominate etc. ; to declare, foretell, etc. ; to order, direct, command etc. ; to refer any one to (locative case) ; to banish etc. ; to undertake, try ; to profess as one's aim or duty : Causal -deśayati-, to show, indicate, announce, : Intensive (parasmE-pada -d/ediśāna-) to have in view, aim at (accusative) | | | ādiś | f. Name of a particular direction or point of the compass (enumerated with diś-, pra-, vi-,and ud-) (see infinitive mood ā-d/iśe-= dative case) | | | ādiṣṭa | mfn. directed, assigned | | | ajitabalā | f. Name of a jaina- deity who acts under the direction of the arhat- ajita-. | | | ājñā | -jānāti- (imperative 2. plural -jānīta-; perf. -jajñau-;p. jān/at-) to mind, perceive, notice, understand ; (see /an-ājānat-): Caus. -jñāpayati-, te- (Inf. -jñaptum- ) to order, command, direct etc. ; to assure | | | ājñāpya | mfn. to be directed or commanded by (genitive case), expecting an order from (genitive case) | | | ājñātṛ | m. one who directs | | | ākāśe | ind. in the air (a stage direction implying something said by or to a person out of sight) | | | amudryañc | mfn. turned in that direction, | | | amumuyañc | mfn. turned in that direction, | | | añc | only in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' , turned to, going or directed towards | | | anirdeśa | m. absence of rule or direction. | | | āñjasa | mf(ī-)n. (fr. añjasā- q.v), immediate, direct commentator or commentary on | | | anujñāta | mfn. ordered, directed, instructed | | | anuktasiddhi | f. (in dramatic language) a veiled or indirect compliment, | | | anuloma | mf(ā-)n. "with the hair or grain"(opposed to prati-loma- q.v), in a natural direction, in order, regular, successive | | | anulomakṛṣṭa | mfn. ploughed in the regular direction (with the grain). | | | anulomana | n. due regulation, sending or putting in the right direction | | | anulomaya | Nom. P. anu-lomayati-, to stroke or rub with the hair ; to send in the right direction or so as to carry off by the right channels | | | ānulomika | mf(ī-)n. (fr. anu-loma-), in the direction of the hair, in natural or regular order, in due course | | | ānulomya | mf(ī-)n. in the direction of the hair, produced in natural or direct order | | | ānulomya | n. a direction similar to that of hairs, natural or direct order | | | ānulomya | n. favourable direction, fit disposition, favourableness | | | ānupūrva | n. (in law) direct order of the castes | | | anuśās | to rule, govern ; to order ; to teach, direct, advise, address ; to punish, chastise, correct. | | | anuśāsaka | mfn. one who governs, instructs, directs or punishes. | | | anuśāsana | n. instruction, direction, command, precept | | | anuśāsita | mfn. directed | | | anusrotasa | mfn. in the direction of the current of a river, | | | anuvāte | ind. with the wind blowing in the same direction, to windward | | | anuvyāsthā | Caus. -sthāpayati-, to send away in different directions | | | anuyam | (3. plural -yacchanti-;Imper. -yacchatu-; parasmE-pada fem. -y/acchamānā-) to direct, guide, give a direction to ; (perf. 3. plural -yemuḥ- A1.3. dual number -yem/āte-) to follow | | | anvañc | mfn. aṅ-, ūc/ī-and /ūcī-, ak- ( añc-), following the direction of another, going after, following | | | anvavārj | ( arj-) to cause to go after or in a particular direction ; to afflict with (instrumental case) | | | anyatas | ind. on the other side, on the contrary, in one direction | | | anyatoghātin | mfn. striking in one direction | | | anyatramanas | (any/atra--) mfn. having the mind directed to something else, inattentive | | | apavedha | m. piercing anything in the wrong direction or manner (spoiling a jewel by so piercing it) | | | apipakṣa | m. the region or direction to the side | | | aprāpyagrahaṇa | n. perception of an object though the senses are not in any direct connection with it | | | aprāpyakārin | mfn. acting on any object without direct contact with it, commentator or commentary on | | | aprastuta | mfn. indirect, accidental or extraneous | | | aprastutapraśaṃsā | f. "conveying the subject-matter by that which is not the subject-matter", (in rhetoric) implied or indirect expression. | | | aprastutastuti | f. "conveying the subject-matter by that which is not the subject-matter", (in rhetoric) implied or indirect expression. | | | apratibandha | mfn. unimpeded, undisputed, direct (inheritance), not collateral or presumptive. | | | ārādupakāraka | mfn. indirectly effective, , Scholiast or Commentator | | | ārādupakārin | mfn. indirectly effective, , Scholiast or Commentator | | | ārāt | ind. directly, immediately | | | ārāvalī | f. "row of awl-shaped hills", Name of a chain of mountains (commonly called Aravalli, running for 300 miles in a north-easterly direction through Rajputana etc., the highest point being Mount Abu 5650 feet high). | | | ārjava | n. straightness, straight direction | | | ārjavaka | mfn. straight, direct | | | āsakta | mfn. following directly, immediately proceeding from (accusative) | | | asamana | mf(/ā-)n. not remaining united, going in different directions | | | āśu | ind. quickly, quick, immediately, directly (confer, compare Greek , ; Latin acuinacupedius,o7cissimus:of the same origin may be the Latin aquilaandaccipiter.) | | | audareiṣa | mfn. directed to agni-, | | | avācīna | mf(ā-)n. directed downwards, being or situated below (ablative) | | | avadhā | P. (Aorist 3. plural -/adhuh- ;Imper. 2. sg. -dhehi-and perf. 3. plural -dadh/uh- ; ind.p. -dhāya-;rarely A1. exempli gratia, 'for example' perf. -dadhe- ) to place down, plunge into (locative case), deposit ; to place or turn aside : Passive voice (Imper. -dhīyatām-) to be applied or directed (as the mind) : Causal (Potential -dhāpayet-) to cause. to put into (locative case) | | | avakṛ | (ind . p. -kṛtvā [mukhāny] ava-) to direct downwards (as the face) | | | avakṝ | -kirati- (imperfect tense avākirat-; ind.p. -kīrya-) to pour out or down, spread, scatter, etc. ; (Potential -k/iret-) to spill one's semen virile (see /ava-kīrṇa-and rṇin-below) ; to shake off, throw off, leave ; to bestrew, pour upon, cover with, fill etc.: Passive voice -kīryate- (perf. -cakre- ,according to commentator or commentary also A1. -kirate- Aorist avākirṣṭa-) to extend in different directions, disperse, pass away ; A1. (Aorist 3. plural avākīrṣata-) to fall off, become faithless, , (see ava-s-kṝ-) | | | avakṛta | mfn. directed downwards as a root | | | avalamb | -lambate- (ind.p. -lambya-,exceptionally P. exempli gratia, 'for example' Potential -lambet- ) to hang down, glide or slip down, descend etc. ; (pr. p. P. -lambat-) to set (as the sun) ; to catch hold of. cling to, hang to, hold on or support one's self by, rest upon as a support, depend upon (generally accusative;but also locative case [ ] or instrumental case [ ]), to hold up anything (to prevent its falling down) ; to enter a state or condition (as māyām-, mānuṣyatvam-, dhairyam-,etc.) ; to devote one's self to (accusative) ; "to incline towards", choose as a direction : Causal (ind.p. -lambya-) to hang up ; to grasp (for support) | | | āvāpa | m. casting, directing | | | āvartana | n. the time when the sun begins to cast shadows towards the east or when shadows are cast in an opposite direction, noon | | | avaśṝ | (imperfect tense avāśṛṇāt-) to break (as any one's anger) : Passive voice (imperfect tense -śīryata-) to be dispersed, fly in every direction edition Bombay edition | | | aviḍīna | n. "not flying apart", a direct flight | | | āvṛt | f. turn of path or way, course, process, direction | | | āvṛtti | f. turn of a way, course, direction | | | āyata | mfn. directed towards, aiming at | | | bahirmukha | mf(ī-)n. one who has his mind directed to external things | | | bahiṣprajña | mfn. one whose knowledge is directed towards external objects | | | bahudhā | ind. in many ways or parts or forms or directions, variously, manifoldly, much, repeatedly etc. etc. (with kṛ-,to make manifold, multiply ;to make public, divulge ) | | | bahudhāgata | mfn. gone in various directions, dispersed, scattered | | | bahuvidham | ind. diversely, in several directions, up and down | | | bahuvistara | m. ( bahuvistarayuktam -yuktam- ind. in all directions, everywhere ) | | | bandh | cl.9 P. () badhn/āti- (rarely A1. badhnīt/e-; cl.1 P. A1. bandhati-, te- ; cl.4 P. badhyati- ; imperative badhāna- , bandhāna- , -badhnīhi- , bandha- ; perfect tense P. bab/andha-,3. plural bedh/us- , babandhus- ; A1. bedh/e-, dhir/e- , babandhe- grammar; future bhantsyati- etc., bandhiṣyati-, te- ; banddhā- grammar; Aorist abhāntsīt- grammar; preceding badhyāt- ; infinitive mood banddhum-,or bandhitum- , b/adhe- ind.p. baddhv/ā- , dhv/āya- , -badhya- ; -bandham- ), to bind, tie, fix, fasten, chain, fetter etc. ; to bind round, put on (;later also P."on one's self") etc. ; to catch, take or hold captive, met. = to attach to world or to sin ; to fix, direct, fasten, rivet (eyes, ears or mind) on (locative case or infinitive mood) ; to arrest, hold back, restrain, suppress, stop, shut, close ; to bind a sacrificial victim, offer, sacrifice (with dative case of the deity to whom it is presented) : ; to punish, chastise ; to join, unite, put together or produce anything in this way, exempli gratia, 'for example' fold (the hands), clench (the fist), knit or bend (the eyebrows), arrange, assume (a posture), set up (a limit), construct (a dam or a bridge), span, bridge over (a river), conceive or contract (friendship or enmity), compose, construct (a poem or verse) etc. ; to form or produce in any way, cause, effect, do, make, bear (fruit), strike (roots), take up (one's abode) ; to entertain, cherish, show, exhibit, betray (joy, resolution etc.) : Passive voice badhy/ate- (ti- ), to be bound etc. etc. ; (especially) to be bound by the fetters of existence or evil, sin again ; to be affected by id est experience, suffer (instrumental case) : Causal bandhayati- (Aorist ababandhat-), to cause to bind or catch or capture, imprison etc. ; to cause to be built or constructed ; to cause to be embanked or dammed up ; to bind together (also bādhayati-) : Desiderative bibhantsati- grammar : Intensive bābanddhi-, bābadhyate- [ confer, compare Zend band; Greek , ; Latin foedus,fides; Lit.be4ndras; Gothic Anglo-Saxon bindan; German binden; English bind.] | | | bandha | m. fixing, directing (mind, eyes, etc.) | | | bandhana | n. fixing upon, directing towards (locative case) | | | bhaṅgi | f. a roundabout mode of acting or speaking, circumlocution ( bhaṅgyā gyā-, ind."in an indirect manner") etc. | | | bhaṅgī | f. a roundabout mode of acting or speaking, circumlocution ( bhaṅgyā gyā-, ind."in an indirect manner") etc. | | | bhaṅgyantareṇa | ind. in an indirect manner | | | bhāvana | f(ā-)n. forming in the mind, conception, apprehension, imagination, supposition, fancy, thought, meditation ( bhāvanayā nayā- ind.in thought, in imagination; nām-bandh-,with locative case,to occupy one's imagination with, direct one's thoughts to) etc. | | | bhāvana | f(ā-)n. (in logic) that cause of memory which arises from direct perception | | | bhāvita | mfn. directed towards, fixed upon | | | bhramarikā | f. wandering in all directions ( bhramarikādṛṣṭi -dṛṣṭi- f.a wandering glance ) | | | brāhmaṇa | n. the brāhmaṇa- portion of the veda- (as distinct from its mantra- and upaniṣad- portion) and consisting of a class of works called brāhmaṇa-s (they contain rules for the employment of the mantra-s or hymns at various sacrifices, with detailed explanations of their origin and meaning and numerous old legends;they are said by sāyaṇa- to contain two parts: 1. vidhi-,rules or directions for rites;2. artha-vāda-,explanatory remarks;each veda- has its own brāhmaṇa-, that of the is preserved in 2 works, viz. the aitareya-, sometimes called āśvalāyana-, and the kauṣītaki- or śāṅkhāyana-- brāhmaṇa-;the white yajur-veda- has the śata-patha-brāhmaṇa-;the black yajur-veda- has the brāhmaṇa- which differs little from the text of its saṃhitā-;the has 8 brāhmaṇa-s, the best known of which are the prauḍha- or pañca-viṃśa- and the ṣaḍviṃśa-;the has one brāhmaṇa- called go-patha-) etc. | | | car | cl.1. c/arati-, rarely te- (subjunctive c/arat-,3 plural c/arān- ; perf. cac/āra-[ etc.] , 2 sg. cacartha- ; plural cerur-,etc.; ratur- etc.; A1. cere- ; future cariṣyati-, te-; Aorist acārīt-[ ]; infinitive mood c/aritum-[ ]or cartum-[ ] , Vedic or Veda car/adhyai-[ ], c/aritave-[ ], car/ase-[ ], car/āyai-[ ], caritos-[ ]; ind.p. caritv/ā- ; cartvā- ; cīrtvā-, ; parasmE-pada c/arat-) to move one's self, go, walk, move, stir, roam about, wander (said of men, animals, water, ships, stars, etc.) etc. ; to spread, be diffused (as fire) ; to move or travel through, pervade, go along, follow etc. ; to behave, conduct one's self, act, live, treat (with instrumental case or locative case) etc. ; to be engaged in, occupied or busy with (instr exempli gratia, 'for example' yajñ/ena c-,"to be engaged in a sacrifice" ) etc. ; (with[ ]or without[ ] mithun/am-) to have intercourse with, have to do with (instrumental case) ; (with a parasmE-pada or adjective (cf. mfn.) or ind.p. or adverb) to continue performing or being (exempli gratia, 'for example' arcantaś cerur-,"they continued worshipping"; svāminam avajñāya caret-,"he may go on despising his master") etc. ; (in astronomy) to be in any asterism or conjunction ; to undertake, set about, under go, observe, practise, do or act in general, effect, make (exempli gratia, 'for example' vrat/āni-"to observe vows" etc.; vighnaṃ c-,"to put a hindrance"; bhaikṣaṃ c-"to beg"; vivādaṃ c-,"to be engaged in a lawsuit"; mṛgayāṃ c-,"to hunt" ; sambandhāṃś c-,"to enter into connections"; mārgaṃ cacāra bāṇaiḥ-,"he made a way with arrows"; tapasā indriyāṇi c-,to exercise one's organs with penance ) etc. ; to consume, eat (with accusative), graze ; to make or render (with double accusative) exempli gratia, 'for example' nar/endraṃ satya-sthaṃ carāma-,"let us make the king keep his word" : Causal cārayati-, to cause to move or walk about (Aorist /acīcarat-) ; to pasture ; to send, direct, turn, move etc. ; to cause any one (accusative) to walk through (accusative) ; to drive away from (ablative) ; to cause any one (accusative) to practise or perform (with accusative) ; to cause (any animal accusative) to eat ; to cause to copulate ; to ascertain (as through a spy instrumental case) ; to doubt (see vi--) : Desiderative cicariṣati-, to try to go (parasmE-pada cicarṣat-) ; to wish to act or conduct one's self ; to try to have intercourse with (instrumental case), : Intensive carcarīti- A1. or rarely ([ ]) Passive voice cañcūryate- (curīti-and cūrti- ; ind.p. cūrya- ; parasmE-pada once P. cūryat- ) to move quickly or repeatedly, walk about, roam about (in locative case) etc. ; to act wantonly or coquettishly (see ) ; ([ see, etc.]) | | | chektokti | f. indirect speech, hint, double entendre | | | cihna | n. (in grammar) aim, direction towards | | | cint | (see 4. cit-) cl.10. tayati- (cl.1. tati- ;metrically also tayate-See also tayāna-) to think, have a thought or idea, reflect, consider etc. ; to think about, reflect upon, direct the thoughts towards, care for (accusative;exceptionally dative case or locative case or prati-) etc. ; to find out ; to take into consideration, treat of. ; to consider as or that, tax (with double accusative or accusative and iti-) | | | codaka | m. direction, invitation | | | codana | fn. impelling, invitation, direction, rule, precept | | | codita | mfn. invited, directed, ordered | | | cud | cl.1. c/odati-, te- (subjunctive c/odat-; imperative da-, data-, dasva-,(2. dual number) dethām-; Aorist 2. sg. codīs-; pr. p. See a-cod/at-), to impel, incite, animate ; to bring or offer quickly (as the soma-) ; A1. to hasten : Causal cod/ayati-, rarely te- (subjunctive 2. sg. yāsi-, yāse-; Aorist acūcudat- ; parasmE-pada cod/ayat-;Pan. codyamāna-), to sharpen, whet (confer, compare ) ; ; to impel, incite, cause to move quickly, accelerate etc. ; (with cakṣus-) to direct (the eye) towards (locative case) ; to inspire, excite, animate ; to request, petition, ask, urge on, press or importune with a request etc. ; help on, assist in the attainment of (dative case) ; to bring or offer quickly, ; to ask for ; to inquire after ; to enjoin, fix, settle ; to object, criticise ; to be quick ; ([ confer, compare , ; Latin cudo.]) | | | dā | cl.3. d/adāti- (plural dati- etc.; A1. datte- ;1. sg. dadmi- ; imperative d/adātu- plural dahu-;2. sg. daddh/i- ; deh/i-[ ] ;2. plural d/adāta- , tana- , datt/a- etc.;2. dual number tt/am- etc.; Potential dady/āt- etc.; imperfect tense /adadāt-; plural /adadur- ;2. dual number /adattam- etc.;2. plural ttana-, , /adadāta- ; subjunctive d/adat- , das- dan- parasmE-pada m. Nominal verb sg. d/adat- plural tas- etc.; parasmE-pada A1. d/adāna-, ; n/a-, ; sg. dadati-, ; plural danti-, ; imperative da-, ; data- ; Potential det- ; imperfect tense /adadat- ; A1. sg. d/adate- ; plural dante-, ; imperative sg. datām- ; dasva- etc.; imperfect tense plural /adadanta- ; parasmE-pada d/adamāna- ; Aorist /adāt-[ ], dat-, /adur-, d/ur-etc.; subjunctive 2. dual number dāsathas- [ confer, compare ]; Potential 1. plural deṣma- ; perfect tense dad/au-, d/ur-, d/athur-, datur-, d/o- etc.; Passive voice d/e-, ; dadade-, dāte-, dire- ; parasmE-pada genitive case dad/uṣas- , ṣām- ; Nominal verb dv/ān-, ; dāvan- ; accusative div/āṃsam-, [ confer, compare ]; future parasmE-pada dāsy/at- ; A1. syate-, syante-,1. sg. sye- ; preceding deyāt- ; infinitive mood dāv/ane- ; d/ātos-, ; tave-, ; d/ātav/ai-[ ] ; tum-, etc.: ind.p. dattv/āya-[ ] ; ttv/ā- etc.; -d/āya-[ ] etc.: Passive voice dīyate-[ ]; parasmE-pada y/amāna- ; Aorist adāyi- ; preceding dāsīṣṭa-, dāyis-, ) cl.1. d/āti- (; imperative tu-, ; confer, compare Va1rtt. 3 ) to give, bestow, grant, yield, impart, present, offer to (dative case,in later language also genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to give (a daughter, kanyām-) in marriage etc. ; to hand over ; (with haste-) ; to give back, ; to pay (daṇḍam-,"a fine"; ṛṇam-,"a debt", ) ; to give up, cede (āsanam-,"one's seat") ; (panthānam-or mārgam-,"to give up the road, allow to pass") and ; to sell (with instrumental case of the price), ; to sacrifice (ātmānam-,"one's self."; āt- khedāya-,"to give one's self up to grief", ) ; to offer (an oblation etc.) etc. ; to communicate, teach, utter (blessings, āśiṣas- ), give (answer, prati-vacas-, canam-, praty-uttaram- etc.), speak (satyaṃ vacas-,the truth, ; vacam-,to address a speech to [ dative case ] ) ; to permit, allow (with infinitive mood) ; to permit sexual intercourse ; to place, put, apply (in med.) etc. ; to add ; with varam-,"to grant a boon" etc. ; śoham-,"to cause grief", ; avakāśam-,"to give room or space, allow to enter" etc. ; prāṇān- or jīvitam-,"to spare any one's life" ; talam- or lān-, to slap with the palms of the hands ; la-prahāram-, to strike with the palm tālam-, to beat time with the hands ; saṃjñām-, to make a sign ; saṃketakam-, to make an appointment samayam-, to propose an agreement ; upamām-, to compare with [ genitive case ] ; paṭaham-, to proclaim with the drum ; śabdam-, to make a noise, call out ; śāpam-, to utter a curse etc. ; gāīh-. idem or 'm. fire ' ; anuyātram-, to accompany ; āliṅganane-, parirambhaṇam-, to embrace, ; jhampam-, to jump ; śrāddham-, to perform a śrāddha- ; vratakam-, to accomplish a vow ; yuddham-, niy-, saṃgrāmam-, to give battle, fight with ; ājñām- ādeśam-, to give an order, command, ; saṃdeśam-, to give information ; prayogam-, to give a dramatic representation vṛtim-, to fence in ; darśanam-, to show one's self ; dṛṣṭim-, dṛśam-, akṣi-, caksus-, to fix the eyes on (locative case) ; karṇam-, to give ear, listen ; manas-, to direct the mind to (locative case) ; kars- kapolam-, to rest the cheek on the hand ; nigaḍāni- to put on or apply fetters pāvakam-, to set on fire ; agnīn- to consume by fire ; śāram-, to move a chess-man ; argalam-, to draw a bolt, bar ; jānu-, to kneel upon (genitive case) ; padam-, to tread upon [loc.] ; to direct the steps ; viṣam-, to poison (with accusative !) ; garam- idem or 'm. fire ' (with genitive case) ; -- A1. to carry, hold, keep, preserve ; to show (Aorist adadiṣṭa-; aded-fr. diś- ) : Causal dāpayati- (; Aorist adīdapat-, ) to cause to give or be given, cause to bestow or present or give up, oblige to pay, make restore etc. ; to demand from (ablative) ; to cause to utter or speak ghoṣaṇām-, to cause to be made known ; to cause to place or advance, ; to cause to perform, to cause to be put on (locative case) : Desiderative d/itsati- (; parasmE-pada d/idāsat- ; d/itsat-, ; Potential tseyam- ; perfect tense 2. sg. didāsitha- ; confer, compare ) to wish to give, be ready to bestow etc. ; to wish to give in marriage etc.: Intensive dedīyate- ; ([ confer, compare ; Latin do;etc.]) | | | daiśika | mf(ī-)n. showing, directing, spiritual guide or teacher (see deśika-and deśya-) | | | dakṣiṇa | mf(ā-)n. south, southern (as being on the right side of a person looking eastward), situated to the south, turned or directed southward etc. | | | dakṣiṇāprañc | mfn. directed towards the south-east, ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding | | | dakṣiṇatonyāya | mfn. where the southern direction is the rule | | | dattadṛṣṭi | mfn. directing the eye towards, looking on (locative case) (varia lectio) | | | deśanā | f. direction, instruction | | | deśita | mfn. shown, directed, instructed | | | deṣṭra | n. indication, direction | | | devāc | mf(ācī-)n. directed towards the gods | | | devahū | f. (scilicet dvār-) Name of the northern aperture of the human body, id est of the left ear (which is turned north wards if the face is directed towards the east) (see pitṛ--). | | | devaśiṣṭa | (v/a--) mfn. taught or directed by the gods | | | dhā | cl.3 P. A1. d/adhāti-, dhatt/e- etc. (P. dual number dadhv/as-, dhatth/as-, dhatt/as-[ ]; plural dadhm/asi-or m/as-, dhatth/a-, dādhati-; imperfect tense /adadhāt- plural dhur-, plural /adhatta-or /adadhāta- ; subjunctive d/adhat-or dhāt-[ ], dhas-, dhatas-, dhan-; Potential dadhy/āt-; imperative dādhātu- plural dhatu-;2. sg. dheh/i-[fr. dhaddhi-; confer, compare ] or dhattāt- ;2. plural dhatt/a-, , dhattana-, , d/adhāta-, ,or tana-, [ confer, compare ]; parasmE-pada d/adhat-, ti- m. plural tas-; A1.1. sg. dadh/e-[at once3. sg. equals dhatt/e- and= perfect tense A1.],2. sg. dh/atse-, or dhats/e- dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-;2. plural dhidhv/e-[ confer, compare perfect tense ];3. plural d/adhate- ; imperfect tense /adhatta-, tthās-; subjunctive d/adhase-, [ ]; Potential d/adhīta- dadhīt/a-, ; imperative 2. sg. dhatsva-, or dadhiṣva-, ;2. plural dhaddhvam-[ ]or dadhidhvam- ,etc.;3. pl. dadhatām- ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-) ; rarely cl.1 P. A1. dadhati-, te- ; only thrice cl.2 P. dh/āti- ; and once cl.4 A1. Potential dhāyeta- (pf.P. dadh/au-, dh/ātha-, dhatur-, dhim/ā-, dhur- etc.; A1. dadh/e-[ confer, compare proper ], dadhiṣ/e-or dhiṣe- ;2.3. dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-,2. pl. dadhidhv/e-[ confer, compare proper ];3. plural dadhir/e-, dadhre-, ,or dhire-, ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-[ confer, compare proper ]; Aorist P. /adhāt-, dh/āt-, dh/ās-; adh/ur-, dh/ur- etc.; Potential dheyām-, yur-; dhetana- ; 2. sg. dhāyīs- ; imperative dh/ātu-[ confer, compare ];2. plural dh/āta-or tana-,3. plural dhāntu- ; A1. adhita-, thās-, adhītām-, adhīmahi-, dhīmahi-, dhimahe-, dhāmahe- ;3. sg. ahita-, hita- ; subjunctive dh/ethe- , dhaithe-, ; imperative dhiṣv/ā-, ; P. adhat- ; dhat- ; P. dhāsur- subjunctive sathas-and satha- ; A1. adhiṣi-, ṣata- ; Potential dhiṣīya- [ ]; dheṣīya- ; future dhāsyati-, te-or dhātā- etc.; infinitive mood dh/ātum- etc.;Ved. also tave-, tav/ai-, tos-; dhiy/adhyai- ;Class. also -dhitum-; ind.p. dhitv/ā- ; hitvā-[ ], -dh/āya-and -dh/ām- : Passive voice dhīy/ate- etc.[ ] , p. dhīy/amāna- ; Aorist /adhāyi-, dh/āyi- [ ]; preceding dhāsīṣṭa-or dhāyiṣīṣṭa-[ ]) to put, place, set, lay in or on (locative case) etc. etc. (with daṇḍam-,to inflict punishment on [with locative case ,with genitive case ];with tat-padavyām padam-,to put one's foot in another's footstep id est imitate, equal ) ; to take or bring or help to (locative case or dative case;with ār/e-,to remove) ; (A1.) to direct or fix the mind or attention (cintām-, manas-, matim-, samādhim-etc.) upon, think of (locative case or dative case), fix or resolve upon (locative case dative case accusative with prati-or a sentence closed with iti-) ; to destine for, bestow on, present or impart to (locative case dative case or genitive case) etc. (Passive voice to be given or granted, fall to one's [dat.] lot or share ) ; to appoint, establish, constitute ; to render (with double accusative) ; to make, produce, generate, create, cause, effect, perform, execute etc. (Aorist with pūrayām-, mantrayām-, varayām-etc. equals pūrayām-etc. cakāra-) ; to seize, take hold of, hold, bear, support, wear, put on (clothes) etc. ; (A1.) to accept, obtain, conceive (especially in the womb), get, take (with /okas-or c/anas-,to take pleasure or delight in [loc. or dative case ]) ; to assume, have, possess, show, exhibit, incur, undergo : Causal -dhāpayati- (See antar-dhā-, śrad-dhā-etc.) : Desiderative dh/itsati-, te- () , to wish to put in or lay on (locative case) (Class. Passive voice dhitsyate-; dhitsya-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) ; d/idhiṣati-, te-, to wish to give or present ; (A1.) to wish to gain, strive after (parasmE-pada d/idhiṣāṇa-, ) : with avady/am-, to bid defiance (confer, compare didhiṣ/āyya-, didhiṣ/u-): Intensive dedhīyate- [ confer, compare Zend da1,dadaiti; Greek ,; Lithuanian dedu4,de4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian dedja,diti; Old Saxon duan,do7n, Anglo-Saxon do7n,Engl.do; German tuan;tuon,thun.] | | | dharmābhimanas | mfn. directing the mind to virtue or religion, virtuous | | | dhī | cl.3 A1. dīdhīte-, etc. (see dīdhī-;the forms dhīmahi-and /adhāyi-belong rather to1. dhā-; perfect tense dīdhaya-, dhima-, dhiyur-or dhyur-, dhire- ) to perceive, think, reflect ; wish, desire: Intensive dedhyat- | | | dhṛ | cl.1 P. A1. dharati-, te- (; A1. Potential dhareran- ), but more commonly in the same sense the Causal form dhārayati-, te- (perf. P. dādh/āra-, dh/artha-[Impv. dadhartu- ]; A1. dadhr/e-,3. plural dhrir/e- etc.; Aorist adhāram- ; adhṛta-, dhṛthās- ; /adīdharat- etc.[ dīdhar-, didhṛtam-, ta- ;3. plural rata- ]; adārṣīt- grammar; future dhariṣyati- ; ṣy/e- ; dhartā- ; infinitive mood dhartum- , tavai- [ dhart/ari-See under tṛ-]; ind.p. dhṛtvā-, -dhṛtya- ) to hold, bear (also bring forth), carry, maintain, preserve, keep, possess, have, use, employ, practise, undergo etc. ; (with or scil ātmānam-, jīvitam-, prāṇān-, deham-, śarīram-etc.) to preserve soul or body, continue living, survive etc. (especially future dhariṣyati-; confer, compare Passive voice below) ; to hold back, keep down, stop, restrain, suppress, resist etc. ; to place or fix in, bestow or confer on (locative case) etc. ; to destine for (dative case; A1.also to be destined for or belong to) ; to present to (genitive case) ; to direct or turn (attention, mind, etc.) towards, fix or resolve upon (locative case or dative case) ; A1. to be ready or prepared for ; P. A1. to owe anything (accusative) to (dative case or genitive case) (confer, compare ) ; to prolong (in pronunciation) ; to quote, cite ; (with garbham-) to conceive, be pregnant (older bham-bhṛ-) etc. ; (with daṇḍam-) to inflict punishment on (locative case) (also damam-) ; (with keśān-,or śmaśru-) to let the hair or beard grow ; (with raśmīn-[ ] or praharān-[ ]) to draw the reins tight ; (with dharamam-) to fulfil a duty ; (with vrat/am-) to observe or keep a vow etc. ; (with dhāraṇām-) to practise self-control ; (wit. ipas-) to perform penance ; (with mūrdhnā-or dhni-, śirasā-or si-) to bear on the head, honour highly ; (with or scilicet tulayā-) to hold in a balance, weigh, measure etc. ; (with or scilicet manasā-) to bear in mind, recollect, remember ; (with samaye-) to hold to an agreement, cause to make a compact (Bombay edition dṛṣṭvā-for dhṛtvā-): Passive voice dhriy/ate- (Epic also yati-; perfect tense dadhr/e-etc. = A1.; Aorist adhāri-) to be borne etc. ; so be firm, keep steady etc. ; continue living, exist, remain etc. (also dhāryate- ) ; to begin, resolve upon, undertake (dative case; accusative or infinitive mood) : Causal dhār/ayati-, te- See above: Desiderative didhīrṣati- (See ṣā-), didhariṣate- ; didhārayiṣati-, to wish to keep up or preserve (ātmānam-) : Intensive d/ardharti- () and dādharti- (3. plural dhrati- ; confer, compare ) to hold fast, bear firmly, fasten. [ confer, compare Zend dar; Greek ,; Latin fre1-tus,fre1-num.] | | | dhruva | mf(/ā-)n. (prob. fr. dhṛ-,but see dhru-and dhruv-) fixed, firm, immovable, unchangeable, constant, lasting, permanent, eternal etc. (exempli gratia, 'for example' the earth, a mountain, a pillar, a vow etc.;with svāṅga- n.an inseparable member of the body ;with dhenu- f.a cow which stands quiet when milked ;with diś- f.the point of the heavens directly under the feet [reckoned among the quarters of the sky see 2. diś-] ;with smṛti- f.a strong or retentive memory ; see also under karaṇa-and nakṣatra-) | | | digbheda | m. difference of direction | | | digbhrama | m. mistaking the way or direction | | | digjaya | m. the conquest of various countries in all directions (see -vijaya-). | | | digvakrasaṃstha | mfn. standing apart from the right direction | | | digvibhāga | m. quarter, point, direction | | | digvirati | f. the not passing beyond boundaries in any direction | | | digyātrā | f. a procession in different directions , | | | dikchabda | (for śabda-) m. a word denoting a direction | | | dikpravibhāga | m. a quarter, direction Scholiast or Commentator on | | | dikprekṣaṇa | n. looking round in all directions (from fear etc.) | | | diksāmya | n. sameness of direction | | | dikśūla | n. Name of particular days on which it is not allowed to travel in certain directions | | | diktulya | mfn. having the same direction | | | dimbh | cl.10 A1. dimbhayate- idem or ' cl.10 A1. dimpayate-, to accumulate in ' P. ti-, to order, direct idem or ' cl.10 A1. dimpayate-, to accumulate in ' | | | diṅmātra | n. a mere direction or indication | | | diṅmūḍha | mfn. anything about the direction of which one is doubtful | | | diś | cl.3 P. d/ideṣṭi- (Imper. d/ideṣṭu- ; cl.6. diś/ati-, te-[later the only present tense stem]; perfect tense did/eśa-, didiś/e-; future dekṣyati-, te-[ deṣṭā- ]; Aorist adikṣat- etc.; adikṣi-, /adiṣṭa- ; infinitive mood deṣṭum- etc.; d/iśe- ) to point out, show, exhibit ; to produce, bring forward (as a witness in a court of justice) ; to promote, effect, accomplish ; to assign, grant, bestow upon (dative case ; genitive case ; locative case ) ; to pay (tribute) ; to order, command, bid (infinitive mood) : Passive voice diśyate- etc.: Causal deśayati-, te- ; Aorist adīdiśat-, to show, point out, assign ; to direct, order, command ; teach, communicate, tell, inform, confess : Desiderative didikṣati-, te-, to wish to show etc.: Intensive d/ediṣṭe-, 3. plural śate-, (parasmE-pada f. plural śatīs-) to show, exhibit, manifest ; to order, command : Passive voice dediśyate-, to show or approve one's self. [ confer, compare Z.dis; Greek ; Latin di1co,in-dr2careetc.; Gothic teihan; O. E.te4on(fr.ti4han).] | | | diś | f. quarter or region pointed at, direction, cardinal point etc. (four in number, viz. prācī-,east; dakṣiṇā-,south; pratici-,west;and udīcī-,north , dhruvā- ; and a 6th, ūrdhvā- ; and a 7th, vy-adhvā- ; but oftener 8 are given id est the 4 cardinal and the 4 intermediate quarters, S. E., S. W., N. W., and N. E. [ see upa--]; and even a 9th, and 10th, tiryak-or adhas-and ūrdhvam- ; diśām pati-[ see dik-pati-below]= soma- ,or= rudra- ) | | | diś | f. quarter, region, direction, place, part (plural,rarely eg. the whole world exempli gratia, 'for example' diśi-, diśi-,in all directions, everywhere ; digbhyas-,from every quarter ; diśo diśas-,hither and thither ; diśo'valokya-,looking into the quarter of the sky id est into the air d/iso 'ntāt-,from the extremities of the world ) | | | diśā | f. direction, region, quarter or point of the compass (see antara--and avāntara--) | | | diśobhāj | mfn. one who runs away in all directions | | | diśoyāyin | mfn. spreading in all directions | | | diṣṭa | mfn. directed, bidden etc. | | | diṣṭa | n. direction, order, command | | | diṣṭi | f. direction, prescription, | | | do | cl.2.4. P. dāti- etc. ; dy/ati- etc. (perfect tense 3 plural A1. -dadire- ; Aorist adāsīt-and adāt- ; preceding deyāt-, ; dāyāt-, ; -diṣīya- ; see ava-do-) to cut, divide, reap, mow etc.: Passive voice dīyate-, prob. to be cast down or, dejected : Desiderative ditsati- : Intensive dedīyate-, (see day-and 3. dā-). | | | dṛṣṭin | mfn. having the looks or thoughts directed upon anything | | | ekadevata | mfn. devoted or offered to one deity, directed to one deity, | | | ekadiś | mfn. being in the same quarter or direction | | | ekamukha | mfn. having the face turned towards the same direction | | | ekamūrdhan | mf(dhnī-)n. having the head or face turned towards the same direction | | | ekānta | mfn. directed towards or devoted to only one object or person etc. | | | ekaśīrṣan | mfn. having the face turned towards the same direction | | | ekatāna | mfn. directed to one object only, having the mind fixed on one object only, closely attentive | | | gāmin | mfn. directed towards | | | gata | mfn. relating to, referring to, connected with (exempli gratia, 'for example' putra-gata sneha-,love directed towards the son ; tvad-gata-,belonging to thee) | | | gṛhyasūtra | n. a ritual work containing directions for domestic rites and ceremonies (as etc.; see ). | | | hallīśa | n. a circular dance (performed by women under the direction of a man) | | | hava | m. direction, order, command | | | hiti | f. sending, errand, direction (See asm/e--and dev/a-h-). | | | itaratas | ind. from or to another direction etc. | | | janāntikam | ind. "personal proximity" (as a stage-direction) whispering aside to another etc. | | | ka | but the old form kad- is found in the veda- (See ) ; ([ confer, compare Zend ka,ko7,kA7,kat; Greek , (Ion.,) , ; Latin quis,quid; Lithuanian kas k/a-; Gothic hvas,hvo7,hva, Anglo-Saxon hwa1,hwaet; English who,what.]) The interrogative sentence introduced by ka- is often terminated by iti- (exempli gratia, 'for example' kasya sa putra iti kathyatām-,let it be said, "whose son is he?") , but iti- may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (exempli gratia, 'for example' kasya sa putro na jñāyate-,it is not known whose son he is) . ka- with or without 1. as- may express"how is it possible that?""what power have I, you, they, etc.?" (exempli gratia, 'for example' ke mama dhanvino'nye-,what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum-,what power have we to rescue you?) ka- is often connected with a demonstrative pronoun (exempli gratia, 'for example' ko 'yam āyāti-,who comes here?) or with the potential (exempli gratia, 'for example' ko hariṃ nindet-,who will blame hari-?) ka- is sometimes repeated (exempli gratia, 'for example' kaḥ ko 'tra-,who is there? kān kān-,whom? whom? id est which of them? confer, compare Gram. 54) , and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (exempli gratia, 'for example' keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam-,which book is to be read by whom? Gram. 836. a-). When kim- is connected with the inst. Calcutta edition of a noun or with the indecl. participle it may express"what is gained by doing so, etc.?" (equals ko'rthas-) | | | karmakṛtavat | m. the director of a religious rite, reciter of mantra-s (?) | | | karmapatha | m. the way or direction or character of an action | | | karmaṭha | m. the director and performer of a sacrifice | | | kavātiryañc | (fr. 1. kava-+ t-) mfn. arranged or directed a little across | | | kṛ | Ved. (I) cl.2 P. 2. sg. k/arṣi- dual number kṛth/as- plural kṛth/a-; A1. 2. sg. kṛṣ/e-; imperfect tense 2. and 3. sg. /akar-, 3. sg. rarely /akat- () ; 3. dual number /akartām-; plural /akarma-, /akarta- (also ), /akran- (Aorist,according to ); A1. /akri- (), /akṛthās- (), /akṛta- (); akrātām- (), /akrata- ( ) : imperative kṛdh/i- (also ), kṛt/am-, kṛt/a-; A1. kṛṣv/a-, kṛdhv/am-; subjunctive 2. and 3. sg. kar- plural k/arma-, k/arta- and kartana-, kran-; A1. 3. sg. kṛta- () , 3. plural kr/anta- () : Potential kriyāma- (); pr. p. P. (Nominal verb plural) kr/antas- A1. krāṇ/a-. (II) cl.1 P. k/arasi-, k/arati-, k/arathas-, k/aratas-, k/aranti-; A1. k/arase-, k/arate-, k/arāmahe-: imperfect tense /akaram-, /akaras-, /akarat- (Aorist,according to ) : imperative k/ara-, k/aratam-, k/aratām-: subjunctive k/aram-, k/arāṇi-, k/aras-, k/arat-, k/arāma-, k/aran-; A1. karāmahai-; pr. p. f. k/arantī- () (III) cl.5 P. kṛṇ/omi-, ṇ/oṣi-, ṇ/oti-, kṛṇuth/as-, kṛṇm/as- and kṛṇmasi-, kṛṇuth/a-, kṛṇv/anti-; A1. kṛṇv/e-, kṛṇuṣ/e-, kṛṇut/e-, 3. dual number kṛṇv/aite- (); plural kṛṇm/ahe-, kṛṇv/ate-: imperfect tense /akṛṇos-, /akṛṇot-, /akṛṇutam-, /akṛṇuta- and ṇotana- (), /akṛṇvan-; A1. 3. sg. /akṛṇuta- plural /akṛṇudhvam-, /akṛṇvata-: imperative kṛṇ/u- or kṛṇuh/i- or kṛṇut/āt-, kṛṇ/otu-, kṛṇut/am-, kṛṇut/ām-, 2. plural kṛṇut/a- or kṛṇ/ota- or kṛṇ/otana-, 3. plural kṛṇv/antu-; A1. kṛṇuṣv/a-, kṛṇut/ām-, kṛṇv/āthām-, kṛṇudhv/am-: subjunctive kṛṇ/avas-, ṇ/avat- or ṇ/avāt-, kṛṇ/avāva-, ṇ/avāma-, ṇ/avātha-, ṇ/avatha-, ṇ/avan-; A1. kṛṇ/avai- (once ṇavā- ), kṛṇavase- (also varia lectio ṇvase-), kṛṇavate-, kṛṇ/avāvahai-, kṛṇ/avāmahai-, 3. plural kṛṇ/avanta- () or kṛṇavante- or kṛṇvata- () : Potential A1. kṛṇvīt/a-; pr. p. P. kṛṇv/at- (f. vat/ī-) A1. kṛṇvāṇ/a-. (IV) cl.8. (this is the usual formation in the brāhmaṇa-s; sūtra-s, and in classical Sanskrit) P. kar/omi- (Epic kurmi- ); kurv/as-, kuruth/as-, kurut/as-, kurm/as- ([ kulmas-in an interpolation after ]), kuruth/a-, kurv/anti-; A1. kurv/e-, etc., 3. plural kurv/ate- () : imperfect tense akaravam-, akaros-, akarot-, akurva-, etc.; A1. 3. sg. akuruta- plural akurvata-: imperative kuru-, karotu- (in the earlier language 2. and 3. sg. kurutāt-,3. sg. also ), kuruta- or kurutana- (); A1. kuruṣva-, kurudhvam-, kurv/atām-: subjunctive karavāṇi-, karavas-, vāt-, vāva- or vāvas- ( ), vāma- or vāmas- (), vātha-, van-; A1. karavai-, kuruthās-, karavāvahai- (; he- ), karavaithe-, vaite- ( , ), vāmahai-(he- ) : Potential P. kuryām- A1. kurvīya- (); pr. p. P. kurv/at- (f. vat/ī-); A1. kurvāṇ/a-: perf. P. cak/āra-, cak/artha-, cakṛv/a-, cakṛm/a-, cakr/a- (); A1. cakr/e-, cakrir/e-; parasmE-pada cakṛvas- (accusative cakr/uṣam- ); A1. cakrāṇa- () : 2nd future kariṣy/ati-; subjunctive 2. sg. kariṣy/ās- (); 1st future k/artā-: preceding kriyāsam-: Aorist P. Ved. cakaram- (), acakrat- (), /acakriran- (); A1. 1. sg. kṛske- (); Class. akārṣīt- ( ;once akāraṣīt- ); Passive voice Aorist reflex. akāri- and akṛta- ( ) : infinitive mood k/artum-, Ved. k/artave-, k/artav/ai-, k/artos- (See ss.vv.); ind.p. kṛtv/ā-, Ved. kṛtv/ī- ([ ]) and kṛtv/āya- ([ ]) ; to do, make, perform, accomplish, cause, effect, prepare, undertake etc. ; to do anything for the advantage or injury of another (genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to execute, carry out (as an order or command) ; to manufacture, prepare, work at, elaborate, build ; to form or construct one thing out of another (ablative or instrumental case) etc. ; to employ, use, make use of (instrumental case) etc. ; to compose, describe ; to cultivate (confer, compare ) ; to accomplish any period, bring to completion, spend (exempli gratia, 'for example' varṣāṇi daśa cakruḥ-,"they spent ten years"; kṣaṇaṃ kuru-,"wait a moment"; confer, compare kritakṣaṇa-) ; to place, put, lay, bring, lead, take hold of (accusative or locative case or instrumental case exempli gratia, 'for example' ardh/aṃ-kṛ-,to take to one's own side or party, cause to share in(genitive case;See 2. ardh/a-); haste-or pāṇau-kṛ-,to take by the hand, marry ; hṛdayena-kṛ-,to place in one's heart, love ; hṛdi-kṛ-,to take to heart, mind, think over, consider ; manasi-kṛ- idem or 'f. (equals kuhī-) a fog ' ;to determine, purpose [ ind.p. si-kṛtvā-or si-kṛtya-] ; vaśe-kṛ-,to place in subjection, become master of ) ; to direct the thoughts, mind, etc. (m/anas-[ etc.] or buddhim-[ ] or matim-[ ]or bhāvam-[ ], etc.) towards any object, turn the attention to, resolve upon, determine on (locative case dative case infinitive mood,or a sentence with iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' mā śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ-,do not turn your mind to grief ; gamanāya matiṃ cakre-,he resolved upon going ; alābuṃ samutsraṣṭuṃ manaś cakre-,he resolved to create a gourd ; draṣṭā tavāsmīti matiṃ cakāra-,he determined to see him ) ; to think of (accusative) ; to make, render (with two accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' ādityaṃ kāṣṭhām akurvata-,they made the sun their goal ) etc. ; to procure for another, bestow, grant (with genitive case or locative case) etc. ; A1. to procure for one's self, appropriate, assume ; to give aid, help any one to get anything (dative case) ; to make liable to (dative case) ; to injure, violate (exempli gratia, 'for example' kanyāṃ-kṛ-,to violate a maiden) ; to appoint, institute ; to give an order, commission ; to cause to get rid of, free from (ablative or -tas-) ; to begin (exempli gratia, 'for example' cakre śobhayitum purīm-,they began to adorn the city) ; to proceed, act, put in practice etc. ; to worship, sacrifice ; to make a sound (svaram-or śabdam-) ( ), utter, pronounce (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' with the sounds phaṭ-, phut-, bhāṇ-, v/aṣaṭ-, svadh/ā-, sv/āhā-, hiṃ-), pronounce any formula () ; (with numeral adverbs ending in dhā-) to divide, separate or break up into parts (exempli gratia, 'for example' dvidhā-kṛ-,to divide into two parts, ind.p. dvidhā kṛtvā-or dvidhā-kṛtya-or -kāram- ; sahasradhā-kṛ-,to break into a thousand pieces) ; (with adverbs ending in vat-) to make like or similar, consider equivalent (exempli gratia, 'for example' rājyaṃ tṛṇa-vat kṛtvā-,valuing the kingdom like a straw ) ; (with adverbs ending in sāt-) to reduce anything to, cause to become, make subject (See ātma-sāt-, bhasma-sāt-) The above senses of kṛ- may be variously modified or almost infinitely extended according to the noun with which this root is connected, as in the following examples: sakhyaṃ-kṛ-, to contract friendship with ; pūjāṃ-kṛ-, to honour ; rājyaṃ-kṛ-, to reign ; snehaṃ-kṛ-, to show affection ; ājñāṃ- or nideśaṃ- or śāsanaṃ- or kāmaṃ- or yācanāṃ- or vacaḥ- or vacanaṃ- or vākyaṃ-kṛ-, to perform any one's command or wish or request etc. ; dharmaṃ-kṛ-, to do one's duty ; nakhāni-kṛ-,"to clean one's nails" See kṛta-nakha- ; udakaṃ- ([ ]) or salilaṃ- ([ ]) kṛ-, to offer a libation of Water to the dead ; to perform ablutions ; astrāṇi-kṛ-, to practise the use of weapons ; darduraṃ-kṛ-, to breathe the flute ; daṇḍaṃ-kṛ-, to inflict punishment etc. ; kālaṃ-kṛ-, to bring one's time to an end id est to die ; ciraṃ-kṛ-, to be long in doing anything, delay ; manasā- (for si-See above) kṛ-, to place in one's mind, think of, meditate ; śirasā-kṛ-, to place on one's the head ; mūrdhnā-kṛ-, to place on one's head, obey, honour. Very rarely in veda- () , but commonly in the brāhmaṇa-s, sūtra-s, and especially in classical Sanskrit the perf. forms cakāra-and cakre- auxiliarily used to form the periphrastical perfect of verbs, especially of causatives exempli gratia, 'for example' āsāṃ cakre-,"he sat down" ; gamay/āṃ cakāra-,"he caused to go"[see ;in veda- some other forms of kṛ-are used in a similar way, viz. proper karoti- ; imperfect tense akar- and ;3. plural akran- and ; preceding kriyāt- (See );according to , also karotu-with vid-]. Causal kārayati-, te-, to cause to act or do, cause another to perform, have anything made or done by another (double accusative instrumental case and accusative [see ] exempli gratia, 'for example' sabhāṃ kāritavān-,he caused an assembly to be made ; rāja-darśanaṃ māṃ kāraya-,cause me to have an audience of the king; vāṇijyaṃ kārayed vaiśyam-,he ought to cause the vaiśya- to engage in trade ; na śakṣyāmi kiṃcit kārayituṃ tvayā-,I shall not be able to have anything done by thee ) ; to cause to manufacture or form or cultivate etc. ; to cause to place or put, have anything placed, put upon, etc. (exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ citrapaṭaṃ vāsa-gṛhe bhittāv akārayat-,he had the picture placed on the wall in his house ) . Sometimes the Causal of kṛ- is used for the simple verb or without a causal signification (exempli gratia, 'for example' padaṃ kārayati-,he pronounces a word ; mithyā k-,he pronounces wrongly ; kaikeyīm anu rājānaṃ kāraya-,treat or deal with kaikeyī- as the king does ) : Desiderative c/ikīrṣati- (Aorist 2. sg. acikīrṣīs- ) , Epic also te-, to wish to make or do, intend to do, design, intend, begin, strive after etc. ; to wish to sacrifice or worship : Intensive 3. plural karikrati- (pr. p. k/arikrat-See ), to do repeatedly ; Class. carkarti- or carikarti- or carīkarti- ([ ]) , also carkarīti- or carikarīti- or carīkarīti- or cekrīyate- ([ib. Scholiast or Commentator ]); ([ confer, compare Hibernian or Irish caraim,"I perform, execute";ceard,"an art, trade, business, function";sucridh,"easy"; Old German karawan,"to prepare"; modern German gar,"prepared (as food)"; Latin creo,ceremonia;, .]) | | | kramatrairāśika | a particular method of applying the direct rule of three (opposed to vyasta-tr-or viloma-tr-). | | | kṛśāśva | m. of an author of directions to players and dancers | | | kṛtabhāva | mfn. one whose mind is directed towards anything (locative case) | | | kṣepaṇa | n. sending, directing | | | kṣip | cl.6 P. kṣip/ati- A1. kṣipate- ( etc.; cl.4 P. kṣipyati-,only ; subjunctive kṣip/at-; perf. cikṣepa- etc.; Epic also cikṣipe-; future 2nd kṣepsyati- etc.; Epic also te-; infinitive mood kṣeptum-; confer, compare ), to throw, cast, send, despatch (Passive voice pr. p. kṣipyat-, ) etc. ; to move hastily (the arms or legs) ; to throw a glance (as the eye) ; to strike or hit (with a weapon) ; to put or place anything on or in (locative case), pour on, scatter, fix or attach to (locative case) etc. ; to direct (the thoughts) upon (locative case) ; to throw away, cast away, get rid of ; to lay (the blame) on (locative case) ; to utter abusive words, insult, revile, abuse etc. ; "to disdain" id est to excel, beat, outvie ; to strike down, ruin, destroy ; (A1."to destroy one another, go to ruin" Potential 3. plural kṣiperan- ) ; to pass or while away (the time or night, kālam-, kṣapām-) ; to lose (time, kālam-; confer, compare kālakṣepa-) ; to skip or pass over (a day, dinam-.) ; (in mathematics) to add : Causal P. kṣepayati-, to cause to cast or throw into (antar-) ; to throw into ; to cause to descend into (locative case) ; to pass or while away (the night, kṣapām-) ; (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. cikṣipas-) to hurt, injure (confer, compare subjunctive kṣepayat- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 2. kṣi-); ([ confer, compare Latin sipo,dissipo,forxipo.]) | | | kṣipram | ind. () quickly, immediately, directly | | | kṣiprāt | ind. ablative directly, immediately | | | kṣipyamāṇa | mfn. sending, directing | | | kutas | ind. whereto? in which direction? | | | kuvid | ind. (fr. 1. ku-and id-; gaRa cādi-), if, whether (a particle of interrogation used in direct and indirect questions) | | | lābh | cl.10 P. lābhayati-, to throw, direct | | | lakṣ | cl.1 A1. lakṣate-, to perceive, observe ; (P. ti-), to recognise ; cl.10 P. A1. (;rather Nom.fr. lakṣa-below) lakṣayati-, te- (Aorist alalakṣat-, ta-; infinitive mood lakṣayitum-; ind.p. lakṣayitvā-, -lakṣya-), to mark, sign ; to characterize, define (in Comms.) ; to indicate, designate indirectly ; to aim, it (as to aim an arrow at any object), direct towards, have in view, mean on ; to consider or regard any one (accusative) as (accusative with or without iva-) ; to suppose of any one (accusative) that he will etc. (oratio recta with iti-) ; to know, understand, recognise by (instrumental case) or as (accusative) or that etc. (oratio recta with iti-) ; to notice, perceive, observe, see, view etc.: Passive voice lakṣyate-, to be marked etc. ; to be meant or intended on ; to be named or called (with double Nominal verb) ; to be perceived or seen, appear, seem, look like (Nominal verb with or without iva-) : Desiderative See lilakṣayiṣita-. | | | lakṣaka | mfn. indicating, hinting at, expressing indirectly or elliptically or by metonymy | | | lakṣaṇa | mfn. indicating, expressing indirectly | | | lakṣaṇā | f. indication, elliptical expression, use of a word for another word with a cognate meaning (as of"head"for"intellect"), indirect or figurative sense of a word (one of its three artha-s;the other two being abhidhā-or proper sense, and vyañjanā-or suggestive sense;with sāropā-,the placing of a word in its figurative sense in apposition to another in its proper sense) etc. | | | lākṣaṇika | mf(ī-)n. indicatory, expressing indirectly or figuratively. metaphorical, secondary, technical ( lākṣaṇikatva -tva- n.) | | | lakṣīkṛta | mfn. made a mark, aimed at, directed towards ( lakṣīkṛtanāsa -nāsa- mfn.fixing the gaze on the tip of the nose) | | | lakṣitatva | n. the state of being marked or expressed indirectly | | | lakṣya | mfn. to be indicated, indirectly denoted or expressed | | | lakṣya | n. (exceptionally also n.with m.as varia lectio) an aim, butt, mark, goal etc. (lakṣyaṃ-labh-,to attain an object, have success; lakṣyam-bandh-with locative case,"to fix or direct the aim at", with ākāśe- equals ākāśe lakṣam-bandh-See under lakṣa-) | | | lakṣya | n. an indirect or secondary meaning (that derived from lakṣaṇā-, q.v) | | | lakṣyakrama | mfn. having an indirectly perceptible method | | | lakṣyārtha | m. indirectly expressed meaning | | | lakṣyatva | n. the being indirectly expressed | | | leśa | m. (in rhetoric) a figure of speech in which a statement is made indirectly (exempli gratia, 'for example' ) | | | madryañc | mfn. directed towards me | | | makṣū | ( kṣ/u-) ind. quickly, rapidly, soon, directly ([ confer, compare maṅkṣu-and Latin mox]). | | | mananya | mfn. deserving praise ( equals st/utya-,others "fr. mana-nī-,directing the mind") . | | | manaṛṅga | (m/ana--) mfn. (prob. fr.2. ṛñj-) directing or guiding the mind ( manasā prasādhanaṃ yasya saḥ-). | | | manas | n. thought, imagination, excogitation, invention, reflection, opinion, intention, inclination, affection, desire, mood, temper, spirit (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' after a verbal noun or an infinitive mood stem in tu-= having a mind or wishing to; see draṣṭu-m-etc.; manaḥ- kṛ-,to make up one's mind;with genitive case,to feel inclination for; manaḥ- kṛ-, pra-kṛ-, dhā-,vi- dhā-, dhṛ-, bandh-and Causal of ni-viś-with locative case dative case accusative with prati-,or infinitive mood,to direct the mind or thoughts towards, think of or upon; manaḥ-with sam-ā-dhā-,to recover the senses, collect one's self;with han-See mano-hatya-; manasā m/anasā- ind.in the mind;in thought or imagination;with all the heart, willingly;with genitive case,by the leave of;with iva- equals seva-,as with a thought, in a moment;with man-,to think in one's mind, be willing or inclined;with saṃ-gam-,to become unanimous, agree; manasi-with kṛ-,to bear or ponder in the mind, meditate on, remember;with ni-dhā-,to impress on the mind, consider;with vṛt-,to be passing in one's mind) | | | maṅkṣu | ind. (see makṣu-) quickly, immediately, directly, instantly | | | manoratha | m. (in dramatic language) a wish expressed in an indirect manner, hint | | | mantropaṣṭambha | m. encouragement by counsel, advice, direction | | | mohanāstra | n. a weapon which stupefies or fascinates the person against whom it is directed | | | mukha | n. a direction, quarter (especially in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' see diṅ-m-; mfn.turning or turned towards, facing see adho-m-also ind(am-). see prān-mukham-) | | | nad | cl.1 P. () n/adati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense nanāda-, nedur-, nedire- ; Aorist anādīt- grammar; future nadiṣyati-, ditā- ) to sound, thunder, roar, cry, howl etc. (also with nād/am-, śabdam-, svanam-etc.) etc. etc.: Passive voice nadyate- : Causal nad/ayati-, te-, to make resound or vibrate ; nādayati-, te-, to make resonant, fill with noises or cries etc. ; Aorist anīnadat- grammar ; Passive voice nādyate- : Desiderative ninadiṣati- grammar : Intensive 3. plural n/ānadati-, parasmE-pada n/ānadat- ; 3. sg. nānadyate-, parasmE-pada dyamāna- to vibrate or sound violently, to roar, howl, cry, neigh etc. | | | nāya | m. guidance, direction | | | nayana | n. leading, directing, managing, conducting | | | nī | (for 1.See) cl.1 P. A1. () nayati- te- (perfect tense P. nināya-,2. sg. ninetha- plural nīnima- ; subjunctive ninīth/as- Potential ninīyāt- ; imperative ninetu- ; A1. ninye- etc.; -nayām āsa- ; -nayāṃ cakre- ; Aorist P.3. dual number anītām- subjunctive n/eṣi-, neth/ā- ; anaiṣīt- subjunctive neṣati-, ṣat-,3. plural A1. aneṣata- ; anayīt- ; future neṣyati- ; te- ; nayiṣyati-, te- ; n/etā-, nayitā- ; ind.p. nītvā- etc.; nayitvā- ; n/īya- etc.; infinitive mood neṣ/aṇi- ; n/etavai-, tos-and nayitum- ; n/etum- etc.), to lead, guide, conduct, direct, govern (also with agram-and genitive case; see agra-ṇī-) etc. ; to lead etc. towards or to (accusative with or without prati- dative case, locative case or artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') ; to lead or keep away, exclude from (ablative) ; (A1.) to carry off for one's self (as a victor, owner etc.) ; (A1.,rarely P.) to lead home id est marry ; to bring into any state or condition (with accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' with vaśam-,to bring into subjection, subdue[A1. ; P. ];with śūdra-tām-,to reduce to a śūdra- ;with sākṣyam-[A1.],to admit as a witness, ;with vyāghra-tām-,to change into a tiger ;with vikrayam-,to sell ;with paritoṣam-,to satisfy ;with duḥkham-,to pain ;rarely, with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' duhitṛ-tve-,to make a person one's daughter ;or with an adverb in -sāt- exempli gratia, 'for example' bhasmasāt-to reduce to ashes ) ; to draw (a line etc.) ; to pass or spend (time) etc. ; (with daṇḍam-) to bear the rod id est inflict punishment (with vyavahāram-) to conduct a process ; (with kriyām-) to conduct a ceremony, preside over a religious act ; to trace, track, find out, ascertain, settle, decide (with anyathā-,"wrongly") etc. ; (A1.) to be foremost or chief : Causal nāyayati-, te-, to cause to lead etc. ; to cause to be led by (instrumental case) (see Va1rtt. 5 ) : Desiderative n/inīṣati-, te- ( , w. r. nineṣati-), to wish to lead or bring or carry to or into (accusative or dative case) etc. ; to wish to carry away ; to wish to spend or pass (time) ; to wish to exclude from (ablative) ; to wish to find out or ascertain, investigate : Intensive nenīy/ate- to lead as a captive, have in one's power, rule, govern | | | nibhasad | mfn. (prob.) having the hinder parts directed downwards | | | nideśa | m. order, command, direction (śaṃ-kṛ-,or pālaya-or upa-pālaya-or śe-vṛt-or sthā-,to execute orders, be obedient) etc. | | | nideśin | mfn. showing, directing, pointing out | | | nidhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put or lay down, deposit, lay up, preserve (A1.for one's self) ; to intrust, commit, present to (dative case or locative case) ; put into, fix in (locative case,or locative case with ant/ar-,or antar- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') etc. ; put or lay before a person (dative case) ; (with bhūmau-[ ]or avaṭe-[ ]) to bury ; (with śirasi-,rarely sā-) to esteem highly ; (with dṛśam-) to fix the eyes upon (locative case) ; (with manas-) to fix or direct the thoughts upon or towards id est resolve, determine to (dative case) ; (with manasi-, sā-,or hṛdaye-) to keep in mind, bear in mind, remember, lay to heart ; (with hṛdayam-) to give one's heart to (locative case) ; (with ātmānam-) to intrust one's self to (locative case) ; (with kriyām-) to take pains with (locative case) ; (with karmaṇi-) to appoint a person to a work ; to keep down, restrain ; to end, close : Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be put or laid down etc. ; to be contained or situated or absorbed in, to rest in (locative case) etc. etc.: Causal -dhāpayati-, to cause to be put or laid down etc. ; to cause to be deposited or preserved ; to lay up, preserve ; to appoint : Desiderative -dhitsate-, to intend to put down etc. : Intensive n/idedhyat- (?) , to settle down | | | nidhātavya | mfn. to be put down or deposited or concealed or delivered or directed towards | | | nidiś | P. -diśati-, to direct, order, point out etc. (only in deriv.) | | | nihitanayana | mf(ā-)n. having the eyes fixed or directed upon (locative case) | | | nipat | P. -patati- (Epic also te-), to fly down, settle down, descend on (locative case), alight etc. ; to rush upon, attack, assail (accusative or locative case) ; to fall down, fall upon or into (literally and figuratively,with upari-, accusative or locative case;with pādayoḥ-,to throw one's self at a person's [gen.] feet ) ; to fall into ruin or decay, be lost etc. ; to be miscarried (as the fetus) ; to befall, happen, take place, occur, fall to the share of (locative case) etc. ; to enter, be inserted, get a place : Causal -pātayati- (Aorist -apīpatat- ), to cause to fall down, or on (locative case), throw down, fell, kill, destroy etc. ; to spit out ; to inlay, emboss ; to fix (the teeth) in (locative case) ; to direct (the eyes) towards (locative case) ; to impute (a fault) to (genitive case) ; to raise (taxes) from (ablative) ; (in gram.) to put down as a special or irregular form, consider as anomalous or irregular. | | | nirdeśa | m. pointing out, indicating, directing, order, command, instruction (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') | | | nirvyañjane | ind. in a plain manner, directly | | | niryukta | mfn. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') directed towards (varia lectio nir-mukta-) | | | niṣad | ( sad-) P. -ṣīdati-, Ved. also -ṣadati- (imperfect tense ny-aṣīdat-,or ny-asīdat-;Ved. also -asadat-; perfect tense P. -ṣasāda-, -ṣedur- A1. -ṣedire- etc.; Aorist P. -ṣatsi-, -ṣatsat-; Passive voice ny-asādi- ; ind.p. -ṣadya- ;Ved. infinitive mood -ṣ/ade- ;for s-and ṣ- see ), to sit or lie down or rest upon (locative case) etc. ; to sink or go down (as a ship) ; to be afflicted, suffer pain ; to perform or celebrate by sitting (sattram-) ; (P. A1.) to set, found, establish, appoint : Causal -ṣādayati-, te- to cause to sit down, set down, appoint | | | niviś | A1. -viśate- (rarely P. ti-; see ; Aorist -aviśran-, -avikṣata- ; perfect tense -viviśre- ), to enter or penetrate into (accusative or locative case) ; to alight, descend ; to come to rest, settle down or in a home etc. ; to encamp ; to sit down upon (locative case) ; to resort to (accusative) ; to settle, take a wife ; to be founded (said of a town) ; to be fixed or intent on (locative case,said of the mind) ; to sink down, cease, disappear, vanish : Causal -veśayati-, to bring to rest ; to cause to enter, introduce ; to cause to sit or lie or settle down on (locative case) etc. ; to cause (a man) to marry ; to draw up or encamp (an army) ; to build, erect, found, populate (a house, temple, town etc.) etc. ; to lead or bring or put or transfer, to bestow on (locative case) ; to throw or hurl upon, shoot at (locative case) ; to fix in, fasten to (locative case), put on (clothes), appoint to (an office), turn or direct towards (mind, eye etc.) etc. ; to inscribe (paṭṭe-) ; to write down (nāma sva-haste-) ; to paint (citre-) ; to call to mind, impress (manasi-, hṛdaye-etc.) : Desiderative -vivikṣate- | | | niyojana | n. enjoining, urging, impelling, commanding, directing, appointing to (locative case) etc. | | | niyojayitavya | mfn. to be appointed or directed to (locative case) | | | niyojita | mfn. enjoined, directed, commanded | | | niyojya | mfn. to be appointed or employed or directed or commanded etc. | | | niyuj | P. A1. -yunakti-, -yuṅkte-, to bind on, tie or fasten to (locative case) etc. ; (with dhuri-) to tie to the pole of a carriage id est yoke, harness ; (met.) to place in front id est employ in the hardest work (also guru-dhūrṣu- ) ; to join, put together (especially the hands in a certain position; see kapota-) Scholiast or Commentator on ; to attach to id est make dependent on (dative case or locative case) ; to enjoin, order, command, coerce, impel, appoint, instal (double accusative), trust or charge with, direct or commission or authorize to (locative case dative case, artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',or infin.) etc. ; to confer or intrust anything (accusative) upon or to (locative case) ; to place at, put in the way (with locative case) ; to direct towards, fix (mind or eyes upon, with locative case) ; to use, employ : Causal -yojayati-, to harness (horses etc.), put or tie to (locative case) ; to set or lay (a trap or snare etc.) ; to enjoin, urge, impel, coerce, appoint or instal as (double accusative), appoint to (locative case), direct or compel or request or command to (dative case locative case accusative with prati-,or artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') ; commit or intrust anything (accusative) to (locative case) etc. ; to put in any place or state (locative case) ; to confer or bestow upon (locative case) ; to use, employ (reason etc.) ; to accomplish, perform (a rite) ; to endow or furnish with, cause to partake of (instrumental case) | | | niyukta | mfn. tied or fastened or attached or directed to, put or placed or fixed on (locative case) etc. | | | niyukta | mfn. appointed, directed, ordered, commissioned, charged, intrusted (locative case; dative case; artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'; infinitive mood or compound) etc. | | | nyādhṛ | only perfect tense A1. -dadhre-, to be directed towards or fixed upon (locative case) | | | nyañc | mf(n/īci-)n (fr. ni+- añc-)(ny-ak-). going or directed downwards, bent down etc. | | | nyañjalikā | f. an añjali- which is directed downwards | | | nyas | P. -asyati-, or -asati-, to throw or cast or lay or put down (with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' bhuvi-,on the earth) etc. ; to take off ; to give up, resign (as life) ; to set in the ground, plant (prarohān-,shoots) ; (with locative case) to throw or hurl upon, pour or shed on or in, put or place or fix or insert in, turn or direct to, deposit with, intrust or commit to ; to settle arrange etc. (with citre-,"to place in a picture", paint, depict;with śirasi-,"to place on the head", receive with reverence;with manasi-,"to call to mind", reflect, ponder;with pathi-,"to lay on the road", give up) ; to bring forward, mention : Causal (perfect tense nyāsayām āsa-or sayāṃ cakre-) to cause to put or lay down | | | nyer | ( ny-a-īr-,only perfect tense A1. nyerir/e-), to direct or address (a wish or desire) to (locative case) ; to appoint as (accusative) (see nīr-). | | | pallavagrāhin | mfn. putting forth young shoots, sprouting in all directions, diffusive, superficial (as knowledge) | | | paramparā | f. an uninterrupted row or series, order, succession, continuation, mediation, tradition ( paramparayā rayā- ind.by tradition, indirectly) etc. | | | paramparāsambandha | m. an indirect conjunction | | | paramparāvāhana | n. an indirect means of conveyance (exempli gratia, 'for example' the horse which draws a carriage) | | | pāramparya | n. uninterrupted series or succession, tradition, intermediation, indirect way or manner ( pāramparyeṇa yeṇa- ind.successively, by degrees) | | | parāñc | mfn. (fr. 2. añc-; Nominal verb āṅ-, ācī-, āk-,or āṅ-) directed or going away or towards some place beyond (opp. to arvāñc-) | | | parāñc | mfn. directed outwards or towards the outer world (as the senses) | | | parāṅmanas | (p/ar-) mfn. having the mind or thoughts directed backwards | | | pari | ind. against, opposite to, in the direction of, towards, to (see ;also at the beginning of a compound mfn.; see Va1rtt. 4 and pary-adhyayana-) | | | paridhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, (perfect tense -dadhur-, -dadhire-; future -dhāsyati-; Aorist -dhāt-, -dhīmahi-; ind.p. -dh/āya-;Ved. infinitive mood p/ari-dhātav/ai-), to lay or put or place or set round etc. ; to cast round, turn upon (dṛṣṭim-,with locative case ) ; to put on, wear (with or sc. vāsas-), dress etc. ; surround, envelop, enclose etc. ; to conclude or close (the recitation of a hymn) : Causal -dhāpayati- (ind.p. yitvā- ), to cause a person to wrap round or put on (2 accusative) etc. ; to clothe with (instrumental case) : Desiderative -dhitsate-, to wish to put on | | | parikara | m. (in dramatic language) covert or indirect intimation of coming events in a plot, the germ of the bīja- | | | parikrāmitaka | n. (fr. Causal) walking about (only parikrāmitakena kena- ind.,in stage-directions) | | | pariniṣad | ( sad-) P. -ṣīdati- (3. plural perfect tense A1. -ṣedire- ind.p. -ṣadya-) to sit around | | | parivartana | n. inverting, taking or putting anything in a wrong direction | | | parivartita | mfn. taken or put on in a wrong direction | | | parivicar | P. -carati-, to stream forth in all directions | | | pārśvaka | mfn. one who seeks wealth or other objects by indirect or side means | | | paryak | ind. (originally n.of an unusual pary-añc-; see praty-añc-etc.) round about, in every direction | | | paryanta | mf(ā-)n. extending in all directions (varia lectio pary-asta-). | | | paryastākṣa | mfn. having the eyes cast or directed round, rolling the eyes. () | | | paryastavilocana | mfn. having the eyes cast or directed round, rolling the eyes. () | | | paryave | ( ava-i-) P. -avaiti- (Potential -aveyāt-), to turn round, turn in the right direction ; to pass, elapse | | | paścimābhimukha | mfn. directed towards the west | | | pat | cl.1 P. () p/atati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense papāta-, paptim/a-, pet/atur-, papt/ur-; paptiv/as- ; papatyāt- ; Aorist apaptat- ; Passive voice apāti- ; future patiṣ-y/ati- ; te-, patitā- ; Conditional apatiṣyat- ; infinitive mood patitum- etc.; ind.p. patitv/ā- ; -p/atya-or -p/ātam- ), to fly, soar, rush on etc. ; to fall down or off, alight, descend (with accusative or locative case), fall or sink (with or without adhas-or narake-,"to go down to hell";with caraṇau-or ṇayoḥ-,"to fall at a person's feet") etc. ; to fall (in a moral sense), lose caste or rank or position etc. ; to light or fall upon, fall to a person's share (locative case) etc. ; to fall or get into or among (locative case) ; to occur, come to pass, happen : Causal pat/ayati-, to fly or move rapidly along ; to speed (trans.; confer, compare patay/at-) ; te-, to drive away or throw down (?) ; pāt/ayati- (Epic also te-; Aorist apīpatat- ; Passive voice pātyate- etc.) , to let fly or cause to fall, to fling, hurl, throw etc. ; to lay low, bring down (literally and figuratively), overthrow, ruin, destroy etc. to throw upon or in, lay on (locative case) ; (with or scilicet ātmānam-) to throw one's self ; to cut off (a head) ; to knock out (teeth) ; to pour out or shed (water, tears) ; to kindle (fire) ; to cast (dice) ; to turn, direct, fix (eyes) ; to impose or inflict (punishment) ; to set in motion, set on foot ; to seduce to, betray into (locative case) ; (with dvedhā-) to divide in two ; to subtract ; (A1.) to rush on, hasten : Desiderative pipatiṣati- ( ) and pitsati- () , to be about to fly or fall: Intensive panīpatyate- or pātīti- [ confer, compare Zend pat; Greek , ; Latin peto.] | | | pāta | m. casting or directing (a look or glance of the eyes) | | | pracaṇḍa | mf(ā-)n. excessively violent, impetuous, furious, fierce, passionate, terrible, direful, formidable etc. | | | prācīnaraśmi | (prāc/īna--) mfn. having reins directed forward | | | pracodana | n. direction, order, command | | | pracodita | mfn. asked, requested, ordered, directed (see a-prac-) | | | pradarśa | m. direction, injunction | | | pradeśa | m. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) pointing out, showing, indication, direction, decision, determination | | | pradeśita | mfn. urged, directed | | | pradiś | P. A1. -diśati-, te-, to point out, show, indicate, declare, appoint, fix, ordain etc. ; to direct, bid, urge ; to assign, apportion, grant (-diśyati-, ) etc.: Causal -deśayati-, to urge on, incite : Intensive (pr. p. -d/ediśat-), to animate | | | pradiś | f. pointing to or out, indication, direction, order, command, dominion | | | pradiś | f. a direction, quarter, region of the sky (accusative plural"in all directions, everywhere";with pitryā-,"the region of the pitṛ-s" id est the south ) | | | prāgapam | ind. (fr. -apāk-) from the front towards the back, in a backward direction | | | prāgdakṣiṇāñc | mf(ācī-)n. directed or turned to the south-east | | | prāguṇya | n. (fr. -guṇa-) right position or direction | | | prahi | P. A1. -hiṇoti-, -hiṇute-: -hiṇvati-, -hiṇvate- (see ; perfect tense -jighāya- ; 1. sg. proper A1. -hiṣe- ; Aorist P. pr/āhait- ; imperative pr/a-hela- ; infinitive mood pra-hy/e- ), to urge on, incite ; to direct, command ; to convey or send to, furnish, procure. bestow on (dative case) etc. ; to hurl, cast, throw upon, discharge at (dative case or loc) ; to turn the eyes towards (accusative) ; to dispatch (messengers), drive away, dismiss, send to (accusative with or without prati- dative case genitive case with or without antikam-or pārśvam-) or in order to (dative case or infinitive mood) etc. ; (A1.) to rush on ; to forsake (equals pra-.3. hā-) : Causal Aorist prājīhayat- : Desiderative of Causal pra-jighāyayiṣati- | | | prahita | mfn. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') directed or turned towards, cast upon (as eyes, the mind etc.), | | | praiṣa | m. sending, direction, invitation, summons, order, call (especially upon the assistant priest to commence a ceremony) etc. | | | praṇāḍikayā | () ind. mediately, indirectly. | | | praṇāḍyā | (, Scholiast or Commentator) ind. mediately, indirectly. | | | praṇālikayā | ind. indirectly | | | prāñc | mfn. (fr. pra-+ 2. añc-; Nominal verb pr/āṅ-, pr/ācī-, pr/āk-; see ) directed forwards or towards, being in front, facing, opposite (accusative with kṛ-,to bring, procure, offer ;to stretch forth [the fingers] ;to make straight, prepare or clear [a path] ;[also with pra-- tir-,or- ni-]to advance, promote, further ;with Causal of kḷp-,to face, turn opposite to ) | | | prāñc | mfn. (with viśvataḥ-) turned to all directions | | | praṇidhā | () P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place in front, cause to precede ; to put down, deposit ; to place in, bring into (locative case) ; to set (a gem) in (locative case) ; to put on, apply ; to touch ; to turn or direct (the eyes or thoughts) upon (locative case) etc. (with manas-and infinitive mood"to resolve upon" ; scilicet manas-,"to give the whole attention to, reflect, consider" ; ātma praṇidhīyatām-,"one must think" ) ; to send out or employ (a spy or emissary), to spy ; to find out or ascertain anything (accusative) to be (accusative) | | | praṇihita | mfn. directed towards, fixed upon (locative case) | | | praṇihitekṣaṇa | mfn. having the eyes directed towards or fixed upon (compound) | | | praṇīta | mfn. directed towards (locative case) | | | praṇoda | m. directing, ordering | | | praṇodita | mfn. directed, ordered | | | prāp | ( pra-āp-) P. A1. prāpnoti- (irreg. Potential prāpeyam-), to attain to ; reach, arrive at, meet with, find etc. ; to obtain, receive (also as a husband or wife) etc. ; to incur (a fine) ; to suffer (capital punishment) ; (with diśaḥ-) to flee in all directions ; to extend, stretch, reach to (A1.) ; to be present or at hand ; (in gram.) to pass or be changed into (accusative) : to result (from a rule), be in force, obtain (also Passive voice) : Causal prāpayati-, te- (ind.p. prāpayya-,or prāpya- ), to cause to reach or attain (2 accusative), advance, promote, further (P. etc.; A1. ) ; to lead or bring to (dative case) ; to impart, communicate, announce, relate etc. ; to meet with, obtain : Desiderative prepsati-, to try to attain, strive to reach | | | prāptakarman | n. that which results or follows (as direct object of an action) from a preceding rule ( prāptakarmatva ma-tva- n.) | | | praśās | P. -śāsti-, (Epic also A1.), to teach, instruct, direct ; to give instructions to, order, command (accusative) ; to chastise, punish ; to govern, rule, reign (also with rājyam-), be lord of (accusative with or without adhi-) etc. ; to decide upon (locative case) | | | praśāstṛ | m. "director", Name of a priest (commonly called maitrāvaruṇa-, the first assistant of the hotṛ-) etc. | | | praśis | f. order, direction, precept | | | prati | ind. or as a preposition with usually preceding accusative , in the sense of towards, against, to, upon, in the direction of (exempli gratia, 'for example' śabdam p-,in the direction of the sound ; agnim pr-,against the fire ;also pratyagni ty-agni- ind. ; ripum pr-,against the enemy ; ātmānam pr-,to one's self ) | | | pratibaddha | mfn. fixed, directed (upari-,or compound) | | | pratidiśam | ind. in every direction or quarter, all around | | | pratihatya | ind. in inverse direction | | | pratijṛ | A1. -jarate- (infinitive mood -jar/adhyai-), to roar (as fire) in the direction of, to call out to, salute (accusative) | | | pratīka | mf(ā-)n. (for praty-aka-; see anūka-, apāka-, abhīka-) turned or directed towards | | | prātilomya | n. (fr. -loma-) contrary direction, inverse order etc. | | | pratimih | P. -mehati-, to make water in the direction of (accusative) | | | pratīpa | mf(ā-)n. (fr. prati+ap-; see anūpa-, dvīpa-, samīpa-),"against the stream","against the grain", going in an opposite direction, meeting, encountering, adverse, contrary, opposite, reverse etc. | | | pratiparī | ( -pari-i-) P. -paryeti-, to go round in a reverse direction | | | pratiparyāvṛt | A1. -vartate-, to turn round in an opposite direction | | | pratipraiṣa | m. a cry or call in return, direction given in return | | | pratiśabdaga | mfn. going after a sound or in the direction of a sound | | | pratisamādiṣṭa | mfn. bidden, directed, ordered, commanded | | | pratisaṃhita | mfn. aimed at, directed against | | | prātisatvanam | ind. in the direction of the satvan- (sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) (-sutvan/am- ) | | | pratyādiś | P. -diśati-, to enjoin, direct, advise ; to report, relate (with 2 accusative) ; to summon ; to decline, reject, repel | | | pratyādiṣṭa | mfn. enjoined, directed, etc. | | | pratyagdṛś | f. a glance directed inwards | | | pratyagdṛś | mfn. one whose glance is directed inwards | | | pratyak | ind. backwards, in an opposite direction | | | pratyakṣa | mf(ā-)n. clear, distinct, manifest, direct, immediate, actual, real etc. | | | pratyakṣa | n. ocular evidence, direct perception, apprehension by the senses (in nyāya- one of the 4 pramāṇa-s or modes of proof. see pramāṇa-) | | | prātyakṣa | (gaRa prajñādi-) mf(ī-)n. perceptible to the eyes, capable of direct perception. | | | pratyakṣakṛta | mfn. addressed directly or personally, containing a personal address | | | pratyakṣakṛtā | f. (scilicet ṛc-) a hymn or verse in which a deity is addressed directly or in the 2nd person | | | pratyakṣam | ind. (also kṣa- in the beginning of a compound) before the eyes, in the sight or presence of (genitive case or compound), clearly, explicitly, directly, personally etc. | | | pratyakṣatamām | ind. most perceptibly or directly or really etc. | | | pratyakṣatamāt | ind. most perceptibly or directly or really etc. | | | pratyakṣeṇa | ind. before the eyes, visibly, publicly, expressly, directly | | | prātyakṣika | () mf(ī-)n. perceptible to the eyes, capable of direct perception. | | | pratyaktva | n. backward direction, direction towards one's self | | | pratyañc | mfn. being or coming from behind, turning the back, averted, moving in an opposite direction | | | pratyās | A1. -āste-, to sit down opposite, or in the direction of (accusative) | | | pratyāśam | ind. in all directions | | | pratyātan | P. A1. -tanoti-, -tanute-, to extend in the direction of, shine upon or against, irradiate ; to bend (a bow) against (accusative) | | | pratyudāvraj | P. -vrajati-, to go in a contrary direction | | | pravāha | m. course or direction towards | | | pravaṇa | mf(ā-)n. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') directed towards (see udak--, dakṣiṇā--, nimna--etc.) | | | pravat | mfn. directed forwards or towards, blazing forth (said of agni-) | | | praviṣṭaka | n. entering the stage (only praviṣṭakena kena- ind.in stage directions) | | | prayuj | A1. -yuṅkte- (rarely P. -yunakti-; see ), to yoke or join or harness to (locative case) ; to unite with (instrumental case) ; to turn (the mind) to (locative case) ; to prepare for (dative case) ; to set in motion, throw, cast (also dice), discharge, hurl at (locative case or dative case) etc. ; to utter, pronounce, speak, recite ; to fix, place in or on (locative case) ; to direct, order, urge to (dative case or locative case) etc. ; to choose for (two accusative) ; to lead towards, bring into (accusative) ; to use, employ, practise, display, exhibit, perform, accomplish, contrive, do etc. ; to undertake, commence, begin ; to cause, effect, produce ; to represent on the stage, act ; to lend (for use or interest) : Passive voice -yujyate-, to be fit or suitable, conduce to (dative case) : Causal -yojayati-, to throw, discharge, hurl at or against (locative case) ; to utter, pronounce ; to show, display, exhibit ; (with manas-) to concentrate the mind ; to urge, direct, appoint to (locative case) ; to transfer or entrust to (dative case) ; to undertake, begin ; to represent on the stage ; to cause to be represented by (instrumental case) ; to use, employ etc. ; to perform, practise ; (with vṛddhim-) to take interest ; (with prayogam-) to invest capital ; to be applicable gaRa kṣubhnādi- ; to aim at, have in view : Desiderative -yuyukṣate-, to wish to use, want, require | | | prayukta | mfn. directed, thrown, hurled etc. | | | prer | ( pra-īr-) A1. prerte-, to move (intrans.), come forth, arise, appear Causal prerayati-, to set in motion, push on, drive forwards, urge, stimulate, excite etc. ; to send, dispatch ; to turn, direct (the eyes) (varia lectio) ; to raise (the voice), utter, pronounce (words, prayers etc.) | | | preraṇa | n. (also f(ā-).) setting in motion, urging, inciting, direction, command, impelling to (prati-or compound) | | | prerita | mfn. turned, directed (as the eye) (varia lectio) | | | preṣ | ( pra-iṣ-) P. A1. preṣyati-, te- (Ved. infinitive mood preṣe- ; ind.p. pr/aiṣam- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order), to drive on, urge, impel, send forth ; to invite, summon, call upon (another priest to commence a recitation or a ceremony [ accusative ] exempli gratia, 'for example' sāma preṣyati-,"he calls upon to commence the recitation of a sāman-"; especially imperative preṣya-,"call upon to recite or offer [ accusative or genitive case ]to [ dative case ]") (see ) : Causal preṣayati-, to hurl, fling, cast, throw ; to turn or direct the eyes (varia lectio prerayantyā-) ; to send forth, dismiss, dispatch etc. ; to send into exile, banish ; to send word, send a message to a person (genitive case) | | | preṣaka | mfn. sending, directing, commanding | | | preṣita | mfn. turned, directed (as the eyes) (varia lectio prerita-) | | | punar | ind. back, home, in an opposite direction etc. etc. (with1. gam-, yā-,to go back or away;with dā-,to give back, restore;with bhū-,to turn round;with as-and dative case,to fall back upon) | | | puromukha | mfn. having its face or aperture directed towards the east, | | | puruṣāntara | n. another man or person, a mediator, interposer ( puruṣāntaram am- ind.by a mediator, indirectly ) | | | purutrā | ind. variously, in many ways or places or directions | | | pūrvadeśa | m. the eastern direction | | | pūrvāpara | mfn. directed forward and backward, eastern and western etc. ( pūrvāparatva -tva- n. ) | | | pūrvapaścima | mf(ā-)n. directed from the east to the west | | | ṛ | cl.1.3.5.P. ṛcchati-, iyarti-, ṛṇoti-, and ṛṇvati- (only Vedic or Veda) ; āra-, ariṣyati-, ārat-, and ārṣīt-, to go, move, rise, tend upwards etc. ; to go towards, meet with, fall upon or into, reach, obtain etc. ; to fall to one's share, occur, befall (with accusative) etc. ; to advance towards a foe, attack, invade ; to hurt, offend ; to move, excite, erect, raise, (/iyarti v/ācam-,he raises his voice ; st/omān iyarmi-,I sing hymns ) : Causal arpayati-, to cause to move, throw, cast etc. ; to cast through, pierce ; to put in or upon, place, insert, fix into or upon, fasten etc. ; to place on, apply etc. ; to direct or turn towards etc. ; to deliver up, surrender, offer, reach over, present, give etc. ; to give back, restore etc.: Vedic or Veda Intensive alarti- ; (2. sg. alarṣi- ) ; to move or go towards with speed or zeal: Class. Intensive A1. arāryate- () , to wander about, haste towards ; ([ confer, compare Greek , , etc.: Zendir: Latin or-ior,re-mus,aro: Gothic argan: Anglo-Saxon a1r:Old High German ruo-dar,ar-an: Lithuanian ir-ti,"to row";ar-ti,"to plough."]) | | | racita | mfn. directed towards (locative case) | | | racitadhī | mfn. one whose mind is directed to (locative case), intent upon | | | rāj | (prob. originally two roots; see raj- rañj-, ṛñj-) cl.1 P. A1. () r/ājati-, te- (Ved. also rāṣṭi-, rāṭ-; perfect tense rarāja-; rarāje-or reje-,2. sg. P. rarājitha-or rejitha- etc.; Aorist arājiṣuḥ- ; arājiṣṭa- grammar; future rājitā-, rājiṣyati- ; infinitive mood rāj/ase- ), to reign, be king or chief, rule over (genitive case), direct, govern (accusative) etc. ; to be illustrious or resplendent, shine, glitter ; to appear as or like (iva-) : Causal rājayati-, te- (Aorist ararājat-), to reign, rule ; to illuminate, make radiant (see rājita-): Desiderative rirājiṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive rārājyate-, rārāṣṭi- [For cognate wordsSee under rājan-.] | | | raji | f. (see ṛju-) direction | | | rathasūtra | n. rules or directions about carriage-building | | | ṛju | mf(jv/ī-)n. ( arj- ;probably fr.2. ṛñj-, column 3 ), tending in a straight direction, straight (literally and figuratively; opp. to vṛjin/a-), upright, honest, right, sincere etc. etc. | | | ṛjudhā | ind. in straight direction, straight on | | | ṛjutva | n. straight direction, straightness | | | ropita | mfn. fixed, directed, aimed (as an arrow) | | | rūḍha | mfn. traditional, conventional, popular (opp. to yaugika-and said of words which have a meaning not directly connected with their etymology; especially in plural applied to names of warrior tribes, which also denote the country inhabited by them) etc. | | | ruh | (see,1. rudh-) cl.1 P. ( ) r/ohati- (mc. also te-and ruhati-, te-; Vedic or Veda and Epic imperfect tense or Aorist aruhat-; Potential ruheyam-, -ruhethās-, -ruhemahi-; imperative ruha-, parasmE-pada r/uhāṇa-; perfect tense ruroha-, ruruh/uḥ- etc.; ruruhe- ; Aorist /arukṣat- etc.; future roḍhā- grammar; rokṣy/ati-, te- etc.; rohiṣye- ; infinitive mood roḍhum- etc.; rohitum- ; r/ohiṣyai- ; ind.p. rūḍhv/ā- , -r/uhya- etc.; -rūhya- ; -r/uham- ; -r/oham- ), to ascend, mount, climb ; to reach to, attain (a desire) ; to rise, spring up, grow, develop, increase, prosper, thrive etc. etc. (with na-,"to be useless or in vain" ) ; to grow together or over, cicatrize, heal (as a wound) etc.: Causal roh/ayati- or (later) ropayati-, te- (Aorist arūruhat-or arūrupat- grammar; Passive voice ropyate- Aorist aropi- ), to cause to ascend, raise up, elevate ; to place in or on, fix in, fasten to, direct towards (with accusative or locative case) ; to transfer to, commit, entrust (see ropita-) ; to put in the ground, plant, sow ; to lay out (a garden) ; to cause to grow, increase ; to cause to grow over or heal : Desiderative r/urukṣati- See ā-ruh-: Intensive roruhyate-, roroḍhi- grammar | | | śabdānusāreṇa | ind. in the direction of a sound | | | sādh | (connected with2. sidh-) cl.1 P. A1. s/ādati-, te- ; according to to , cl.4. sādhyati-, cl.5. sādhnoti- (in also sadhnoti-; perfect tense sasādha-; Aorist asātsīt-; future sāddhā-, sātsyati-; infinitive mood sāddhum-,in later language sādhitum-;Ved. infinitive mood s/adhase- q.v), to go straight to any goal or aim, attain an object, to be successful, succeed, prosper ; to bring straight to an object or end, further, promote, advance, accomplish, complete, finish ; to submit or agree to, obey ; (sādhyati-) to be completed or accomplished : Causal sādhayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist asīṣadhat-;Ved. also sīṣadhati-, dhaḥ-, dhema-, dhātu-; Passive voice sādhyate- etc.), to straighten, make straight (a path) ; to guide straight or well, direct or bring to a goal ; to master, subdue, overpower, conquer, win, win over etc. ; to summon, conjure up (a god or spirit) ; (in law) to enforce payment, recover (a debt), collect (taxes) etc. ; to subdue a disease, set right, heal, cure ; to bring to an end or conclusion, complete, make perfect, bring about, accomplish, effect, fulfil, execute, practice (with vākyam-,"to execute any one's [ genitive case ] order";with naiṣkarmyam-,"to practise inactivity";with marum-,"to practise abstinence";with mantram-,"to practise the recitation of spells") etc. ; to attain one's object, be successful ; to produce, make, render (two accusative) ; to establish a truth, substantiate, prove, demonstrate ; to make ready, prepare ; to gain, obtain, acquire, procure etc. ; to find out (by calculation), ; to grant, bestow, yield etc. ; to put or place in (locative case) ; to set out, proceed, go (in dramatic language according to to = gam-) etc.: Desiderative of Causal siṣādhayisati- or sisādhayirhati-, to desire to establish or prove : Desiderative siṣātsati- grammar : Intensive , sāsādhyate-, sāsdidhi- | | | sādhaka | mf(ikā-)n. energizing (said of the fire supposed to burn within the heart and direct the faculty of volition) | | | sadhrīcīna | mf(ā-)n. (fr. sadhryañc-) directed to one aim, pursuing the same goal, united | | | sadhryañc | mf(sadhr/īcī-)n. turned in the same direction or to one centre, converging, associated | | | sadhryañc | mf(sadhr/īcī-)n. leading in the right direction, right, correct | | | sādhuyā | ind. in a straight course, directly towards any mark or aim | | | sākṣāt | ind. immediately, directly | | | sakta | mfn. fixed or intent upon, directed towards, addicted or devoted to, fond of, engaged in, occupied with (locative case accusative with prati-,or compound) etc. | | | śakya | mf(ā-)n. explicit, direct, literal (as the meaning of a word or sentence, opp. to lakṣya-and vyaṅgya-) | | | saliṅga | mf(ā-)n. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') corresponding id est directed to | | | samabhidhā | p. -dadhāti-, to speak to, address (accusative) ; to proclaim, announce ; to direct all one's thoughts to (accusative) | | | samabhidhyai | P. -dhyāyati-, or -dhyāti-, to reflect deeply on, meditate on ; to direct all the thoughts upon, long for (accusative) | | | samacitta | mfn. having the thoughts directed to the same subject | | | samādeśa | m. direction, advice, instruction, order, command | | | samādhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place or put or hold or fix together etc. ; to compose, set right, repair, put in order, arrange, redress, restore ; to put to, add, put on (especially fuel on the fire) ; to kindle, stir (fire) ; to place, set, lay, fix, direct, settle, adjust (with astram-,"to adjust an arrow";with garbham-,"to impregnate";with savituḥ-,"to lay in the sun";with dṛṣṭim-, cittam-, cetas-, matim-, manas-,"to direct or fix the eyes or mind upon [ locative case ]";with matim-,"to settle in one's mind, resolve","make up one's mind"[followed by iti-];with ātmānam-,or manas-,"to collect the thoughts or concentrate the mind in meditation etc.";without an accusative - "to be absorbed in meditation or prayer") etc. ; to impose upon (locative case) ; to entrust or commit to (locative case) ; to establish in (locative case) ; to effect, cause, produce ; (in the following meanings only A1.) to take to or upon one's self. conceive (in the womb), put on (a garment or dress), assume (a shape), undergo (effort), show, exhibit, display etc. ; to devote one's self entirely to, give one's self up to (accusative) etc. (once in P.) ; to lay down as settled, settle, establish, prove, declare, ; to admit, grant on : Desiderative -dhitsati-, to wish to put together, desire to collect the thoughts | | | samādheya | mfn. to be directed or informed or instructed | | | samādiś | P. -diśati-, to assign, allot ; to point out, indicate, announce, communicate, declare ; to appoint, name, designate etc. ; to foretell, foreshow ; to direct, advise, order, command to (dative case infinitive mood,or -artham-) etc.: Causal -deśayati-, to order, command | | | samādiṣṭa | mfn. assigned, indicated, directed, commanded, enjoined | | | samāhita | mfn. put or placed in or upon, directed, applied, fixed, imposed, deposited, entrusted, delivered over etc. | | | samājñā | to know or understand thoroughly, become acquainted with, ascertain, perceive, observe, recognize : Causal -jnāpayati- (see next) , to order, command, direct, authorize | | | samājñapta | mfn. (fr. Causal) ordered, commanded, directed | | | samākarṇitaka | n. any gesture which expresses the act of listening (ena-="with an attitude of listening";as a stage direction) | | | samānabrāhmaṇa | mfn. having the same (directions given in the) brāhmaṇa- texts | | | samavado | (or3. dā-) P. -dāti-, or -dyati- (3. plural perfect tense A1. -dadire-), to divide and put together piece by piece | | | sāmaveda | m. the directions for the formation of sāman-s or chants out of these verses are carefully laid down in the gāna-s or manuals for chanting, two of which, viz. the geya-gāna- and āraṇya-gāna-, are a directory for the ārcika- portion, and two, viz. ūha-gāna- and ūhya-gāna-, for the uttarārcikā- | | | samāviś | P. -viśati-, to enter together or at once, enter into, enter thoroughly, take possession of, occupy, penetrate, fill ; to sit or settle down in or on (accusative or locative case) ; to go or fall into any state or condition (accusative) ; to apply one's self to, begin, undertake : Causal -veśayati-, to cause to enter together or thoroughly, introduce, insert ; to cause to sit down ; to conduct, lead or bring to or into (accusative) ; to place or fix (eyes or mind) upon, direct towards (locative case) etc. ; (with svasmin-) to insert in one's self. contain ; (A1.) to deliver over, consign or commit or entrust to (locative case) | | | samaya | m. order, direction, precept, doctrine | | | śamba | m. ploughing in the regular direction (equals anuloma-karṣaṇa-) | | | śambākṛ | P. A1. -karoti-, -kurute- () , to plough twice or in both directions | | | saṃdeśa | m. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) communication of intelligence, message, information, errand, direction, command, order to (genitive case or locative case; -tas-with genitive case,"by order of") etc. | | | saṃdeṣṭavya | n. an injunction, direction, order | | | saṃdeśya | mfn. to be directed or instructed | | | saṃdeśya | mfn. founded on direction or impulse, done on purpose | | | saṃdhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte- (Epic 1. plural proper -dadhāmahe- equals -dadhmahe-; pr.p. -dhāna-= -dadhāna-; infinitive mood -dhitum- equals -dhātum-), to place or hold or put or draw or join or fasten or fix or sew together, unite (with akṣīṇi-,"to close the eyes";with vraṇam-,"to heal a wound";with manas-,"to compose the mind";with mitr/a-dhitāni-,"to conclude an alliance";with vācam-,"to hold or interchange conversation"), to combine, connect with (instrumental case) etc. ; (A1.) to bring together, reconcile ; to be reconciled, agree with (instrumental case,rarely accusative), etc. ; to mend, restore, redress etc. ; to lay down on or in (locative case), fix on (especially an arrow on a bow, with instrumental case or with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' dhanuḥ śareṇa-,or śaraṃ dhanuṣi-,"to take aim";generally A1.) ; (A1.) to direct towards (tataḥ-) ; to aim at (?) ; to involve in (locative case) ; to confer on (locative case), grant, yield, bestow (with nāma-and genitive case,"to give a name to"; A1.with śraddhām-and locative case,"to place credence in";with sāhāyyam-,"to afford assistance") etc. ; to cause, inflict ; (A1.) to be a match for, hold out against (accusative) ; to comprehend ; (A1.) to use, employ (instrumental case) : Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be put together or joined or connected etc. ; to be placed or held in (locative case) ; to become possessed of (instrumental case) : Desiderative -dhitsati-, to wish to place or join together, desire to repair | | | saṃdhāraṇā | f. direction (of thoughts) | | | saṃdiś | P. -diśati- (ind.p. -diśya- q.v), to point out, appoint, assign ; to state, tell, direct, command, give an order or message to (genitive case or dative case,sometimes two accusative;with abhi-dūti-,"to a female messenger") etc. ; to despatch any one (accusative) on a message to (dative case) : Causal -deśayati-, to cause to point out or declare, invite or ask to speak about | | | saṃdṛś | f. view, direction | | | saṃgrahaṇīya | mfn. to be directed towards (locative case) | | | samīcīna | mf(/ā-)n. tending in a common direction, going with or in company with, being or remaining together, connected, united, complete, all, whole | | | saṃjñā | P. A1. -jānāti-, -jānīte-, (A1.) to agree together, be of the same opinion, be in harmony with (locative case; according to to , also instrumental case or accusative) ; (A.) to obey (dative case) ; (A1.) to appoint, assign, intend (for any purpose), destine ; (only ind.p. -jñāya-) to direct, order, command ; to acknowledge, recognize, own ; (P.) to acknowledge or claim as one's own, take possession of ; (P.) to think of. recollect sorrowfully (with accusative or genitive case) ; A1. to know well, understand ; to watch for : Causal -jñāpayati-, te-, to cause to be of the same opinion or agree together ; to cause to acquiesce or agree in (euphemistically said of a sacrificial victim, which ought not to be led forcibly to its death but made to resign itself) ; to appease, satisfy ; to make to be understood or known, cause to understand ; to make signs to (accusative), communicate or make anything known by signs ; to command, enjoin, instruct | | | saṃjñā | f. direction (in a-kṛtas-,"one who has received no direction") | | | sāṃkāśina | n. (fr. saṃ-kāśin-) full visibility or appearance (instrumental case = "straightway","immediately","directly") | | | sammā | P. A1. -māti-, -mimīte-, to measure out, measure etc. ; to make of the same measure, make equal, equalize (in size, number, quantity etc.) ; to compare with (instrumental case) ; to mete out, distribute, bestow ; (with śr/avāṃsi-) to direct one's course or flight towards ; to be of the same capacity with, be contained in (locative case) : Passive voice -mīyate-, to be of the same measure, be contained in (locative case) | | | sammukha | mf(ī-rarely ā-)n. directed or turned towards | | | saṃnam | P. A1. -namati-, te-, to bend together, bend down, bow down before or to (dative case genitive case,or accusative of person) ; (A.) to submit or conform to, comply with, obey (dative case) ; to direct, bend in the right direction, put in order, arrange, prepare, make ready (A1.) to be brought, about or fulfilled ; (P. A1.): Causal -nāmayati-, to bend, cause to bow or sink ; to bend in a particular direction, make right, arrange, prepare, bring about ; to subdue | | | saṃnī | P. -nayati-, to lead or bring or put together, join, connect, unite, conglomerate ; to mix together, mingle, mix (especially with sweet or sour milk) etc. ; to lead or direct towards, bring, procure, bestow ; to present with (instrumental case) ; to bring back, restore, pay ; to direct (the mind) towards (locative case) | | | saṃnidhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put or place down near together, put down near or into, deposit in (locative case), place or put upon, direct towards (with or without dṛṣṭim-,"to fix the eyes upon";with manas-,or hṛdayam-,"to fix or direct the mind or thoughts") etc. ; to place together, collect, pile up ; (A1.) to appoint to (locative case) ; (A1.) to be present in, be found with (locative case) ; (A1.or Passive voice -dhīyate-) to be put together in the same place, be near or present or imminent etc.: Causal -dhāpayati-, to bring near, make present or manifest, represent : Passive voice of Causal -dhāpyate-, to appear or become manifested in the presence of (genitive case) | | | saṃnipatya | ind. immediately, directly (See compound) | | | saṃnipatyopakāraka | mfn. directly effective | | | saṃniviś | A1. -viśate-, to sit or settle down together with, have intercourse or intimate connection with (instrumental case) (varia lectio) : Causal -veśayati-, to cause to enter or sit down together, introduce into or lodge in (locative case) ; to set down, deposit ; to draw up (an army) ; to cause (troops) to encamp ; fasten or fix or establish in or on (locative case) etc. ; to cast or hurl upon (locative case) ; to found (a city) ; to appoint to (locative case) etc. ; to intrust or commit anything to (locative case) ; to direct (the mind) towards (locative case) | | | samottaratas | ind. directly northwards | | | sampracyu | Caus. -cyāvayati-, to cause to proceed or come forth from different directions, bring together | | | sampradhṛ | Caus. -dhārayati-, to direct towards, deliver over to (dative case) ; (with buddhim-) to fix the mind or thoughts steadily upon (locative case), determine, resolve, settle, decide ; (with or without buddhyā-, manasā-,or hṛdaye-) to ponder, reflect, consider, deliberate or think about (accusative) etc.: Passive voice -dhāryate-, to be fixed upon or determined | | | sampraiṣa | m. summons, invitation, direction (to an officiating priest) | | | samprakāśaka | mfn. manifesting, announcing, directing | | | samprati | ind. directly over, against or opposite, close in front of (accusative) | | | sampreṣ | ( -pra-- 1 iṣ-) P. -pr/eṣyati-, to send forth, throw, fling, cast ; (in Vedic ritual) to summon, invite (see 2. preṣ-) : Causal -preṣayati-, to send forth together, send away, despatch, send, dismiss etc. ; to send a message to (genitive case) ; to direct (the thoughts) towards (locative case) | | | saṃsakta | mfn. fixed on or directed towards, occupied with, devoted to, intent upon, fond of (locative case or compound) etc. | | | saṃśās | P. -śāsti-, to direct, instruct, summon, call upon ; to arrange or put in order with (instrumental case) | | | saṃśāsāsana | n. direction | | | saṃśāsita | mfn. directed, instructed | | | saṃśis | f. direction, invitation | | | saṃśṝ | P. -śṛyāti-, to smash to pieces, crush : Passive voice -śīryate- (Aorist -śāri-; perfect tense -śaśre-), to be crushed, break down ; to be dissipated or routed, fly in different directions : Desiderative See saṃ-śiśariṣu-. | | | sāṃsṛṣṭika | mfn. (fr. saṃ-sṛṣṭi-) directly or immediately connected, direct | | | saṃsthā | f. established order, standard, rule, direction (accusative with kṛ-or Causal of sthā-,"to establish or fix a rule or obligation for one's self";with vyati-kram-or paribhid-,"to transgress or break an established rule or obligation") etc. | | | saṃsthita | mfn. directed to wards, fixed upon (compound) | | | saṃvidhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to dispose, arrange, settle, fix, determine, prescribe ; to direct, order ; to carry on, conduct, manage, attend to, mind etc. ; to use, employ ; to make use of. act or proceed with (instrumental case) ; (with mānasam-) to keep the mind fixed or composed, be in good spirits ; to make, render (two accusative) ; to set, put, lay, place : Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be disposed or arranged etc. : Causal -dhāpayati-, to cause to dispose or manage | | | samyak | ind. in one or the same direction, in the same way, at the same time, together (with sthā-,"to associate with") | | | samyañc | mfn. (fr. sami-= sam-2+ 2. añc- see ; Nominal verb samy/an-, samīc/ī-,or sam/īcī-, samy/ak-) going along with or together, turned together or in one direction, combined, united (accusative with dhā-,"to unite or provide with"[ accusative or dative case of Persian and instrumental case or accusative of thing]) , entire, whole, complete, all (samyañcaḥ- sarve-,"all together") | | | samyañc | mfn. lying in one direction, forming one line (as foot steps) | | | saṃyoga | m. contact (especially in philosophy "direct material contact", as of sesamum seed with rice-grains [in contradistinction to contact by the fusion of particles, as of water with milk] , enumerated among the 24 guṇa-s of the nyāya- see under sam-bandha-) | | | saṃyuj | P. A1. -yunakti-, -yuṅkte-, to join or attach together, conjoin, connect, combine, unite etc. ; to bind, fetter ; to endow or furnish with (instrumental case) etc. ; to form an alliance, league together ; to place in, fix on, direct towards (locative case) : Passive voice -yujyate-, to be joined together, be united etc. ; to meet or fall in with (instrumental case) ; to be married to (instrumental case) ; (with ratyā-,or grāmyadharmatayā-) to have sexual intercourse on ; to be supplied or furnished with (instrumental case) etc.: Causal -yojayati-, to cause to join together, bring together, unite ; to put to (horses), yoke, harness ; to hold together, check, control (the senses) (varia lectio) ; to furnish or endow or present with (instrumental case) etc. ; to give over to, entrust with (genitive case of Persian and accusative of thing) ; to add to (locative case) ; to fix on, direct towards (locative case) ; to shoot, discharge (a missile) ; to equip (an army) ; to use, employ, appoint ; to institute, perform, accomplish ; (A1.) to be absorbed, meditate | | | sapratibandha | mfn. attended with obstacles (in law said of a legacy which, if there are not direct male descendants, devolves on a collateral branch or the widow etc. ) | | | sarvamukha | mfn. facing in every direction ( sarvamukhatva -tva- n.), Scholiast or Commentator | | | sarvāñc | mfn. (va-+ 2. añc-) turned in all directions | | | sarvaniyojaka | mfn. impelling or directing all (viṣṇu-) | | | sarvapatha | m. every road or way, every direction | | | sarvapathīna | mf(ā-)n. going in every direction, propagated or celebrated everywhere ( sarvapathīnatā -tā- f.) | | | sarvatas | ind. from all sides, in every direction, everywhere etc. | | | sarvatobhadra | mfn. in every direction or on every side good, in every way auspicious etc. | | | sarvatodhāra | mfn. having a sharp edge in every direction | | | sarvatodikka | mfn. extending in every direction, Scholiast or Commentator | | | sarvatodiśam | ind. from all sides, in all directions | | | sarvatogāmin | mfn. going in all directions | | | sarvatomārgam | ind. in all way or directions | | | sarvatomukha | mf(ī-)n. facing in all direction, turned every where etc. | | | śās | (see śaṃs-) cl.2 P. () śāsti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also ś/āste-and śāsati-, te-; dual number śiṣṭhaḥ-etc. ;3. plural śāsati- ; imperfect tense aśāt- etc.; imperative śādhi-, śāst/ana- ; Potential śiṣyāt- ; perfect tense śaśāsa-, suḥ-[in also imperative śaśādhi-and subjunctive śaśās-] etc.; Aorist aśiṣat-[in also 1. plural śiṣāmahi-and p. śiṣ/at-] ; future śāsitā- grammar; śāsiṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood śāstum- ; śāsitum- etc.; ind.p. śāsitvā-or śiṣṭvā- ; -śiṣya- ; -śāsya- etc.) , to chastise, correct, censure, punish etc. ; to restrain, control, rule, govern (also with rājyam-or aiśvaryam-) etc. ; to administer the laws (with dharmam-,"to administer justice") ; to direct, bid, order, command, enjoin, decree (with an infinitive mood or a sentence followed by iti-) ; to teach, instruct, inform (with two accusative,or with accusative of Persian and dative case or locative case of thing) etc. ; to confess (a crime) ; to announce, proclaim ; to predict, foretell ; to blame, reject, disdain (?) ; to praise, commend (= śaṃs-) : Passive voice śāsyate- or śiṣyate- (see śiṣ-), to be chastised or corrected etc. etc.: Causal śāśayati- (Aorist aśaśāsat- ), to recommend : Desiderative śiśāsiṣati- grammar : Intensive śeśiṣyate-, śāśāsti- | | | sasaṃdeha | mfn. (in rhetoric) a kind of indirect praise | | | śāsana | n. an order, command, edict, enactment, decree, direction (śāsanaṃ-kṛ-[ kāṅkṣ- ]or śāsane-vṛt-or sthā-,"to obey orders"; śāsanāt-with genitive case,"by command of"; f(śāsanā-). Scholiast or Commentator on ) etc. | | | śāsanīya | mfn. to be governed or directed or instructed (varia lectio) | | | śāsita | mfn. governed, ruled, directed, instructed etc. | | | śāsitavya | mfn. to be governed or directed etc. | | | śāsti | f. direction, order, command | | | śāstra | n. teaching, instruction, direction, advice, good counsel etc. | | | śaśvat | mf(ś/aśvatī-,or t/ī-)n. at once, forthwith, directly (generally preceded or followed by ha-; ś/aśvat-ś/aśvat-,no sooner-than forthwith) | | | śāsya | mfn. to be directed | | | śatadru | f. "flowing in a hundred (or numerous) branches", Name of a river now called the Sutlej (it is the most easterly of the five rivers of the Panjab, and rises in a lake [prob. mānasa- Sarovar] on the himālaya- mountains;flowing in a southwesterly direction for 550 miles, it unites with the vipāśā- or Beas south-east of Amritsar [see vipāś-],afterwards joining the Chenab and filling into the indu-s below Multan;it is also called śutu-dri-, śutu-dru-, śita-dru-etc.) etc. | | | śatasahasrānta | mfn. spreading in a hundred hundred directions (said of the moon) (varia lectio) | | | satatamānasa | mfn. always directing the mind towards anything | | | savīman | n. (only in loc,) setting in motion, instigation, direction, guidance | | | savyāpasavya | mfn. left and right, reverse and direct, wrong and right | | | śiṣṭa | mfn. taught, directed, ordered, commanded (applied to persons and things) etc. | | | śiṣṭi | f. (for 2.See below) direction, instruction | | | smṛti | f. the whole body of sacred tradition or what is remembered by human teachers (in contradistinction to śruti-or what is directly heard or revealed to the ṛṣi-s;in its widest acceptation this use of the term smṛti- includes the 6 vedāṅga-s, the sūtra-s both śrauta-and gṛhya-,the law-books of manu- etc. [see next];the itihāsa-s[ exempli gratia, 'for example' the mahābhārata- and rāmāyaṇa-] , the purāṇa-s and the nītiśāstra-s; iti smṛteḥ-,"accord. to such and such a traditional precept or legal text") | | | śri | cl.1 P. A1. () śrayati-, te- (perfect tense śiśr/āya-, śiśriy/e-; Aorist /aśret-, āśriyan- ; aśrait- ; /aśiśriyat- etc.; aśrāyiṣṭa- grammar [Ved. forms belonging either to the perfect tense or Aorist type are also aśiśret-, śrema-, śrayuḥ-, śiśrīt/a-]; future śrayitā- grammar; śrayiṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood śrayitum- ; śrayitav/ai- ; ind.p. śrayitvā- etc., -śr/itya- etc.) P. to cause to lean or rest on, lay on or in, fix on, fasten to, direct or turn towards, (especially) spread or diffuse (light or radiance or beauty) over (locative case) ; (A1.or Passive voice,rarely P.) to lean on, rest on, recline against (accusative), cling to (locative case), be supported or fixed or depend on, abide in or on (accusative locative case or adverb) ; (A1. P.) to go to, approach, resort or have recourse to (for help or refuge) , tend towards (accusative) etc. ; (A1.) to go into, enter, fall to the lot or take possession of (accusative or locative case) ; (A1. P.) to attain, undergo, get into any state or condition (accusative) etc. ; to assume (with śrāvikā-tvam-,"to assume the form of a śrāvikā-", q.v) ; to show, betray (heroism) ; to honour, worship : Passive voice śrīyate- (Aorist /aśrāyi-: confer, compare above) etc. etc.: Causal śrāpayati- (in uc-chr-) ; śrāyayati- (Aorist aśiśrayat-;for aśiśriyat-See above) grammar : Desiderative śiśrayiṣati-, te- or śiśrīṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive śeśrīyate-, śeśrayīti-, śeśreti- [ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin clino,clivus; Lithuanian szly4ti,szle14ti,szlai4tas; Gothic hlains;hlaiw; German hline7n,line7n,lehnen; Anglo-Saxon hlinian; English lean.] | | | sṛj | (see 1.2. sarj-) cl.6 P. () sṛj/ati- (Ved. and Epic also te-,and once in s/arjati-; perfect tense sasarja-, sasṛj/e-[2. sg. according to to , sasarjitha-and sasraṣṭha-,in once sasarktha-];Vedic forms are sasṛjm/ahe-, jrire-, sasṛjyāt-, asasṛgram-; parasmE-pada sasṛjān/a- q.v; sasṛgm/ahe-; Aorist asrākṣīt-; /asṛkṣi-, /asṛṣṭa-[Ved. also /asṛgram-or ran-; /asarji-; asrāk-, asrāṭ-; srās-; srakṣat-; parasmE-pada sṛjān/a- q.v ] ; future sraṣṭā- ; srakṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sraṣṭum- etc.; ind.p. sṛṣṭvā- ; -s/ṛjya- etc.; -s/argam-or -s/arjam- ), to let go or fly, discharge, throw, cast, hurl at (accusative or dative case) etc. ; to cast or let go (a measuring line) ; to emit, pour forth, shed, cause to flow (rain, streams etc.) etc. ; to utter (a sound) ; to turn or direct (glances) ; to let loose, cause (horses) to go quickly ; A1. "to speed, run, hasten" ; to release, set free ; to open (a door) ; to publish, proclaim ; to draw out and twist (a thread), twist, wind, spin (literally and figuratively; A1. sṛjyate-,"for one's self"; see on Va1rtt. 15 and ) ; (in older language only A1.) to emit from one's self id est create, procreate, produce, beget etc. ; to procure, grant, bestow etc. ; to use, employ ; to get, acquire, obtain, take (interest on money lent) ; to hang on, fasten to (locative case) (perhaps asṛjat-, wrong reading for asajat-;See sañj-): Passive voice sṛjyate- (Aorist /asarji-), to be let loose or emitted or created etc. etc.: Causal sarjayati-, te- (Aorist asasarjat-or asīsṛjat-), to cause to let loose, let go, create etc. etc.: Desiderative sisṛkṣati-, te-, to wish to send forth or hurl or throw ; (A1.) to wish to produce or create : Intensive sarīsṛjyate-, sarīsṛṣṭi- etc. grammar | | | śṛṅgagrāhikā | f. "taking by the horns" id est in a direct manner (instrumental case"directly","without any intervening agent") | | | sthā | cl.1 P. A1. () t/iṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense tasth/au-, tasthe- etc.; Aorist /asthāt-, /asthita- ;3. plural asthiran- ; āsthat-[?] ; asthiṣi-, ṣata- etc.; subjunctive sthāti-, sth/āthaḥ- ; preceding stheyāt- ; stheṣam-, ṣuḥ-[?] ; sthāsīṣṭa- grammar; future sthātā- etc.; sthāsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sth/ātum- ; tos- ; -sthitum- ; ind.p. sthitvā- etc.; -sth/āya- etc.; -sthāyam- ), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on (with pādābhyām-,"to stand on the feet";with jānubhyām-,"to kneel";with agre-or agratas-and genitive case,"to stand or present one's self before";with puras-and with or without genitive case,"to stand up against an enemy etc.") etc. ; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (exempli gratia, 'for example' with kanyā-,"to remain a girl or unmarried";with tūṣṇīm-or with maunena- instrumental case"to remain silent";with sukham-,"to continue or feel well") etc. ; to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with locative case; exempli gratia, 'for example' with rājye-,"to continue governing";with śāsane-,"to practise obedience";with bale-,"to exercise power";with sva-dharme-,"to do one's duty";with sva-karmaṇi-,"to keep to one's own business";with saṃśaye-,"to persist in doubting";also with ind.p. exempli gratia, 'for example' dharmam āśritya-,"to practise virtue") etc. ; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to"perish"), endure, last etc. ; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand etc. ; to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dative case genitive case,or locative case) etc. ; (A1. mc. also P. confer, compare ) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (locative case or dative case) etc. ; to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (See under sthitvā-below) etc. ; to behave or conduct one's self (with samam-,"to behave equally towards any one" locative case) ; to be directed to or fixed on (locative case) ; to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (locative case) ; to rely on, confide in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' mayi sthitvā-,"confiding in me") ; to stay at, resort to (accusative) ; to arise from (ablative or genitive case) ; to desist or cease from (ablative) ; to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only imperative and Potential) : Passive voice sthīyate- (Aorist asthāyi-), to be stood etc. (frequently used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' mayā sthīyatām-,"let it be abided by me" id est"I must abide") etc. etc.: Causal sthāpayati-, te- (Aorist /atiṣṭhipat-; ind.p. sthāpayitvā-[ q.v ] and -sth/āpam-: Passive voice sthāpyate-), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute etc. ; to set up, erect, raise, build ; to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm etc. ; to prop up, support, maintain ; to affirm, assent ; to appoint (to any office locative case) etc. ; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two accusative;with dhātrīm-,"to employ any one as a nurse";with rakṣārtham-,"to appoint any one as guardian";with sajjam-,"to make anything ready";with su-rakṣitam-,"to keep anything well guarded";with svīkṛtya-,"to make anything one's own";with pariśeṣam-,"to leave anything over or remaining") etc. ; to fix, settle, determine, resolve etc. ; to fix in or on, lead or bring into, direct or turn towards (locative case,rarely accusative;with hṛdi-,"to impress on the heart";with manas-,"to fix the mind on") etc. ; to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' with naye-,"to instruct in a plan or system") ; to make over or deliver up to (locative case or haste-with genitive case,"into the hands of") ; to give in marriage ; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain (with baddhvā-,"to keep bound or imprisoned") etc. ; to place aside, keep, save, preserve : Desiderative of Causal -sthāpayiṣati- (See saṃ-sthā-): Desiderative t/iṣṭhāsati-, to wish to stand etc. : Intensive teṣṭhīyate- ; tāstheti-, tāsthāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin stare; Lithuanian sto4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian stati; German sta7n,stehen; English stand.]) | | | sthāpaka | m. (in dramatic language) a kind of stage-director (assistant of the sūtra-dhāra- [q.v.] but not clearly defined in his functions and not mentioned in any of the extant plays) | | | sthāpanā | f. arranging, regulating or directing (as a drama etc.), stage-management (see sthā-paka-) | | | sthita | mfn. turned or directed to, fixed upon (locative case or compound) | | | sucirārpita | mfn. fixed or directed for a long time | | | sūdādhyakṣa | m. a superintendent of cooking, director of the kitchen | | | sūryasiddhānta | m. a celebrated astronomical text-book (said to be a direct revelation from the Sun) | | | susaṃnata | (s/u--) mfn. well directed (said of an arrow) | | | susaṃśās | (s/u--) mfn. well directing or instructing | | | sūtra | n. that which like a thread runs through or holds together everything, rule, direction | | | sūtra | n. a short sentence or aphoristic rule, and any work or manual consisting of strings of such rules hanging together like threads (these sūtra- works form manuals of teaching in ritual, philosophy, grammar etc.: exempli gratia, 'for example' in ritual there are first the śrauta-sūtra-s, and among them the kalpa-sūtra-s, founded directly on śruti- q.v; they form a kind of rubric to Vedic ceremonial, giving concise rules for the performance of every kind of sacrifice[ ] ; other kinds of śruti- works are the gṛhya-sūtra-s and sāmayācārika- or dharma-sūtra-s id est"rules for domestic ceremonies and conventional customs", sometimes called collectively smārta-sūtra-s [as founded on smṛti-or"tradition"See smārta-]; these led to the later dharmaśāstra-s or"law-books"[ ] ; in philosophy each system has its regular text-book of aphorisms written in sūtra-s by its supposed founder[ ]; in vyākaraṇa- or grammar there are the celebrated sūtra-s of pāṇini- in eight books, which are the groundwork of a vast grammatical literature; with Buddhists, pāśupata-s etc. the term sūtra- is applied to original text books as opp. to explanatory works; with jaina-s they form part of the dṛṣṭivāda-) | | | sūtrita | mfn. directed or declared in a sūtra-, prescribed or delivered in aphorisms or axioms | | | svārtha | mf(ā-)n. directed to one's self egoistical ( svārthatā -tā- f.) etc. | | | svastika | m. any lucky or auspicious object, (especially) a kind of mystical cross or mark made on persons and things to denote good luck (it is shaped like a Greek cross with the extremities of the four arms bent round in the same direction;the majority of scholars regard it as a solar symbol;that is, as representing a curtailed form of the wheel of the Solar viṣṇu-, consisting of four spokes crossing each other at right angles with short fragments of the periphery of the circle at the end of each spoke turning round in one direction to denote the course of the Sun; according to to the late Sir Cunningham it has no connexion with sun-worship, but its shape represents a monogram or interlacing of the letters of the auspicious words su ast/i-[ svasti-]in the aśoka- characters;amongst jaina-s it is one of the 24 auspicious marks and is the emblem of the seventh arhat- of the present avasarpiṇī-) | | | syand | (or syad-;often confounded with spand-) cl.1 A1. () sy/andate- (Epic and mc. also ti-; perfect tense siṣy/anda-, siṣyad/uḥ- ; sasyande-, dire- grammar; Aorist 2. 3. sg. -asyān- ; asyandiṣṭa-, asyantta-, asyadat- grammar; future syanttā-, syanditā- ; syantsy/ati- ; syandiṣyate-, syantsyate- grammar; infinitive mood sy/ade- ; sy/anttum- ; ind.p. syanttv/ā-, syattv/ā-, -syadya- ; syanditvā- grammar), to move or flow on rapidly, flow, stream, run, drive (in a carriage), rush, hasten, speed etc. ; to discharge liquid, trickle, ooze, drip, sprinkle, pour forth (accusative) etc. ; to issue from (ablative) : Causal syandayati- (Aorist /asiṣyadat-;Ved. infinitive mood syandayādhyai-), to stream, flow, run etc. ; to cause to flow or run : Desiderative sisyandiṣate-, sisyantsate-, sisyantsati- grammar : Intensive See acchā-syand-, under 3. accha-, and next. | | | tadgata | mfn. directed towards him or her or them or that | | | tan | cl.8 P. A1. n/oti-, nut/e- (3. plural nv/ate-[ /ā--and vi-tanvat/e- ] ; imperative nu-[ /ava-and v/i-tanuhi- ; see Va1rtt. 1 ] ; nuṣva- ; subjunctive 2. sg. nuthās-, ;1. dual number navāvahai-, ; imperfect tense 3. plural /atanvata-, ; perfect tense P. tat/āna-,once tāt- ;2. sg. tat/antha-[ ],class. tenitha-[ ]; A1.1. 2. 3. sg. [ /ā--] tatane-, [abh/i-]tatniṣe-, [v/i-]tatne- ;3. sg. irregular tate-, ;3. plural tatnir/e-[ v/i-- ] or ten-[ (vi--)etc.; see ]; Aorist P. /atan- ; [/ā-]atān-, ; ;[ p/ari--, v/i--] atanat- ; [anv-/ā]atāṃsīt- ; atānīt- ; tat/anat-, [abh/i-]t/anāma-, t/anan- ;2. plural ataniṣṭa- ;3. dual number atāniṣṭām- ; A1. atata-or ataniṣṭa-, atathās-or ataniṣṭhās- ;3. plural /atnata- ; tat/ananta-, ;1. sg. atasi- plural ataṃsmahi- ; future 2nd taṃsy/ate- ; future 1st [vi-]tāyitā- ; parasmE-pada proper tanv/at-, vān/a-; perfect tense tatanv/as-; ind.p. tatvā-, tv/āya-, -t/atya- ;[ vi--] tāya- ; infinitive mood tantum- ; Passive voice tāy/ate- [ parasmE-pada y/amāna-] etc.; tanyate- ; Aorist atāyi- ) to extend, spread, be diffused (as light) over, shine, extend towards, reach to etc. ; to be protracted, continue, endure ; to stretch (a cord), extend or bend (a bow), spread, spin out, weave etc. ; to emboss ; to prepare (a way for) ; to direct (one's way, gatim-) towards ; to propagate (one's self or one's family, tanūs-, tantum-) ; to (spread id est to) speak (words) ; to protract ; to put forth, show, manifest, display, augment etc. (Passive voice to be put forth or extended, increase ) ; to accomplish, perform (a ceremony) etc. ; to sacrifice ; to compose (a literary work) ; to render (any one thirsty, double accusative) : Desiderative titaniṣati-, taṃsati-, tāṃs- : Intensive tantanyate-, tantanīti-, ; ([ see , etc.]) | | | tarasā | ind. instrumental case (gaRa svar-ādi-,not in ) speedily, directly | | | tathāgataguṇajñānācintyaviṣayāvatāranirdeśa | m. "direction how to attain to the inconceivable subject of the tathā-gata-'s qualities and knowledge", Name of a Buddh. sūtra- | | | tathāmukha | mfn. "so-facing", turning the face in the same direction | | | tathāyatam | (thāy-) ind. in the same direction, 4. | | | tatkṣaṇam | ind. at the same moment, directly, immediately etc. (in comp. ṇa-- ) | | | tatracakṣurmanas | mfn. directing one's eyes and mind on him | | | tena | ind. (instrumental case of 2. t/a-) in that direction, there (correl. to yena-,"in which direction, where") | | | tīkṣṇadaṇḍa | mfn. directing sharp punishment | | | triviṣūka | mfn. diverging into three directions, | | | ubhayamukha | mf(ī-)n. "having a face towards either way","two-faced", a pregnant female (so called because the embryo has its face turned in an opposite direction to that of the mother) | | | ubhayataḥprajña | mfn. (fr. prajñā-), one whose cognizance is directed both inwards and outwards | | | uccakṣus | (ud-cakṣus-) mfn. having the eyes directed upwards | | | udakkūla | mfn. directed towards the north (as grass with the tops) | | | udakśiras | mfn. one who his his head directed towards the north, | | | udan | (for 1.See) P. -aniti- (and āniti- ; see vy-- an-; parasmE-pada -an/at- ; Aorist 3. plural -āniṣus- ) to breathe upwards, emit the breath in an upward direction ; to breathe out, breathe | | | udañcana | n. directing or throwing upwards | | | uddeśa | m. the act of pointing to or at, direction | | | uddiś | P. A1. -diśati-, -te-, to show or direct towards ; to point out, signify, declare, determine etc. ; to speak of ; to say, enunciate, prophesy ; to mean, point at, take for ; to aim at, intend, destine etc. ; to explain, instruct, teach | | | uddiś | f. a particular point or direction of the compass (see 2. ā-d/iś-) | | | uddiśya | (used as a preposition) aiming at, in the direction of | | | upa | ind. (a preposition or prefix to verbs and nouns, expressing) towards, near to (opposed to apa-,away) , by the side of, with, together with, under, down (exempli gratia, 'for example' upa-gam-,to go near, undergo; upa-gamana-,approaching;in the veda- the verb has sometimes to be supplied from the context, and sometimes upa-is placed after the verb to which it belongs, exempli gratia, 'for example' āyayur upa- equals upāyayuḥ-,they approached). (As unconnected with verbs and prefixed to nouns upa-expresses) direction towards, nearness, contiguity in space, time, number, degree, resemblance, and relationship, but with the idea of subordination and inferiority (exempli gratia, 'for example' upa-kaniṣṭhikā-,the finger next to the little finger; upa-purāṇam-,a secondary or subordinate purāṇa-; upa-daśa-,nearly ten) | | | upa | ind. prefixed to proper names upa- may express in classical literature"a younger brother" (exempli gratia, 'for example' upendra-,"the younger brother of indra-"), and in Buddhist literature"a son."(As a separable adverb upa-rarely expresses) thereto, further, moreover (exempli gratia, 'for example' tatropa brahma yo veda-,who further knows the brahman-) (As a separable preposition) near to, towards, in the direction of, under, below (with accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' upa āśāḥ-,towards the regions) | | | upasaṃdhāya | directing towards | | | ūrdhvakṛta | mfn. turned or directed upwards | | | uttarābhāsa | m. a false or indirect or prevaricating reply | | | uttarāpatha | m. the northern road or direction, the northern country, north | | | uttarāśrita | mfn. having gone to or being in the northern direction | | | vācakalakṣakavyañjakatva | n. direct or indirect or implicit designation of a thing | | | vacana | n. advice, instruction, direction, order, command etc. (naṃ-kṛ-or ne-sthā-with genitive case = to do the bidding of any one, follow a person's advice, obey; nena-or nāt-,with genitive case = in the name of) | | | vacas | n. advice, direction, command, order etc. (vacaḥ-kṛ-,with genitive case,"to follow the advice of"; vacasā mama-,"on my advice") | | | vācayitṛ | mfn. one who causes to recite, the director of a recitation | | | vācya | mfn. to be directed that (with yathā-) | | | vācyārtha | m. the directly expressed meaning ( vācyārthatva -tva- n.direct expression of meaning) | | | vainītaka | m. any indirect means of conveyance (as a porter who carries a sedan-chair, a palanquin-bearer, horse dragging a carriage etc.) | | | vaipruṣa | mfn. (fr. vi-pruṣ-) directed to the soma- drops (homa-) | | | vakrabhaṇita | n. indirect speech, equivocation, evasion, (in Prakrit). | | | vakrokti | f. indirect mode of expression on | | | valitāpāṅga | mf(ī-)n. having the (corners of the) eyes turned or directed towards anything | | | vāmīkṛ | P. -karoti-, to turn or direct towards the left side | | | vārāhapurāṇa | n. Name of one of the 18 purāṇa-s (said to have been revealed to the Earth by viṣṇu- in his form of varāha- q.v;it contains an account of the creation, the various forms or incarnations of viṣṇu-, and a number of legends and directions relating to the vaiṣṇava- sect) | | | vātanulomana | mfn. forcing the wind in the right direction or downwards (as in inflating she lungs) | | | vātanulomin | mfn. forcing the wind in the right direction or downwards (as in inflating she lungs) | | | veda | m. Name of certain celebrated works which constitute the basis of the first period of the Hindu religion (these works were primarily three, viz. 1. the ṛg-veda-, 2. the yajur-veda- [of which there are, however, two divisionsSee taittirīya-saṃhitā-, vājasaneyi-saṃhitā-],3. the sāma-veda-;these three works are sometimes called collectively trayī-,"the triple vidyā-"or"threefold knowledge", but the ṛg-veda- is really the only original work of the three, and much the most ancient [the oldest of its hymns being assigned by some who rely on certain astronomical calculations to a period between 4000 and 2500 B.C., before the settlement of the Aryans in India;and by others who adopt a different reckoning to a period between 1400 and 1000 B.C., when the Aryans had settled down in the Panjab];subsequently a fourth veda- was added, called the atharva-veda-, which was probably not completely accepted till after manu-, as his law-book often speaks of the three veda-s-calling them trayam brahma sanātanam-,"the triple eternal veda-", but only once [ ] mentions the revelation made to atharvan- and aṅgiras-, without, however, calling it by the later name of atharva-veda-;each of the four veda-s has two distinct parts, viz. 1. mantra-, id est words of prayer and adoration often addressed either to fire or to some form of the sun or to some form of the air, sky, wind etc., and praying for health, wealth, long life, cattle, offspring, victory, and even forgiveness of sins, and 2. brāhmaṇa-, consisting of vidhi- and artha-vāda-, i.e. directions for the detail of the ceremonies at which the mantra-s were to be used and explanations of the legends etc. connected with the mantra-s [see brāhmaṇa-, vidhi-],both these portions being termed śruti-,revelation orally communicated by the Deity, and heard but not composed or written down by men[ see ] , although it is certain that both mantra-s and brāhmaṇa-s were compositions spread over a considerable period, much of the latter being comparatively modern;as the veda-s are properly three, so the mantra-s are properly of three forms, 1. ṛc-, which are verses of praise in metre, and intended for loud recitation;2. yajus-, which are in prose, and intended for recitation in a lower tone at sacrifices;3. sāman-, which are in metre, and intended for chanting at the soma- or Moon-plant ceremonies, the mantra-s of the fourth or atharva-veda- having no special name;but it must be borne in mind that the yajur- and sāma-veda- hymns, especially the latter, besides their own mantra-s, borrow largely from the ṛg-veda-;the yajur-veda- and sāma-veda- being in fact not so much collections of prayers and hymns as special prayer- and hymn-books intended as manuals for the adhvaryu- and udgātṛ- priests respectively [see yajur-veda-, sāma-veda-];the atharva-veda-, on the other hand, is, like the ṛg-veda-, a real collection of original hymns mixed up with incantations, borrowing little from the ṛg- and having no direct relation to sacrifices, but supposed by mere recitation to produce long life, to cure diseases, to effect the ruin of enemies etc.;each of the four veda-s seems to have passed through numerous śākhā-s or schools, giving rise to various recensions of the text, though the ṛg-veda- is only preserved in the śākala- recension, while a second recension, that of the bhāṣkala-s, is only known by name;a tradition makes vyāsa- the compiler and arranger of the veda-s in their present form: they each have an Index or anukramaṇī- [ q.v ], the principal work of this kind being the general Index or sarvānukramaṇī- [ q.v ];out of the brāhmaṇa- portion of the veda- grew two other departments of Vedic literature, sometimes included under the general name veda-, viz. the strings of aphoristic rules, called sūtra-s [ q.v ], and the mystical treatises on the nature of God and the relation of soul and matter, called upaniṣad- [ q.v ], which were appended to the āraṇyaka-s [ q.v ], and became the real veda- of thinking Hindus, leading to the darśana-s or systems of philosophy;in the later literature the name of"fifth veda-"is accorded to the itihāsa-s or legendary epic poems and to the purāṇa-s, and certain secondary veda-s or upa-veda-s [ q.v ] are enumerated;the vedāṅga-s or works serving as limbs [for preserving the integrity] of the veda- are explained under vedāṅga-below: the only other works included under the head of veda- being the pariśiṣṭa-s, which supply rules for the ritual omitted in the sūtra-s;in the bṛhad-āraṇyaka- upaniṣad- the veda-s are represented as the breathings of brahmā-, while in some of the purāṇa-s the four veda-s are said to have issued out of the four mouths of the four-faced brahmā- and in the viṣṇu-purāṇa- the veda- and viṣṇu- are identified) | | | vetravat | m. Name of a river (now called the Betwa, which, rising among the vindhya- hills in the Bhopal State and following a north-easterly direction for about 360 miles, falls into the Jumna below Hamirpur) etc. | | | vi | ind. (prob. for an original dvi-,meaning"in two parts";and opp. to sam- q.v) apart, asunder, in different directions, to and fro, about, away, away from, off, without etc. etc. In it appears also as a preposition with accusative denoting"through"or"between"(with ellipse of the verb i, 181, 5; x, 86, 20 etc.'>) It is especially used as a prefix to verbs or nouns and other parts of speech derived from verbs, to express"division","distinction","distribution","arrangement","order","opposition", or"deliberation" (see vi-bhid-, -śiṣ-, -dhā-, -rudh-, -car-,with their nominal derivatives) | | | vī | ( vi-- 5 i-) P. vy-eti- (3. plural viyanti-; imperfect tense vy-ait-; perfect tense vīyāya-; infinitive mood vy-etum-;for vyayati-, vyayayati-See vyay-), to go apart or in different directions, diverge, be diffused or scattered or distributed or divided or extended etc. ; to be lost, perish, disappear etc. ; to go through, traverse : Intensive (or cl.4. A1.) vīyate-, to pass through, traverse | | | vibādh | A1. -bādhate-, to press or drive asunder in different directions, drive or scare away ; to oppress, harass, annoy, molest, afflict, injure, violate : Intensive -bābadhe-, to release, set free | | | vibhṛtra | (v/i--) mf(ā-)n. to be (or being) borne about or in various directions | | | vicar | P. -carati-, to move in different directions, spread, expand, be diffused ; to rove, ramble about or through, traverse, pervade etc. ; to sally forth, march against, make an attack or assault etc. ; to wander from the right path, go astray, be dissolute ; to commit a mistake or blunder (with words) ; to run out, come to an end ; to stand or be situated in (locative case;applied to heavenly bodies) ; to associate or have intercourse with (instrumental case) ; to act, proceed, behave, live ; to practise, perform, accomplish, make, do etc. ; to graze upon, feed upon (a pasture) : Causal -cārayati-, to cause to go or roam about ; to cause to go astray, seduce ; to move hither and thither (in the mind), ponder, reflect, consider etc. ; to doubt, hesitate ; to examine, investigate, ascertain | | | vicarita | mfn. moved in different directions etc. | | | vidakṣiṇa | mfn. directed to another quarter than the south | | | vidatha | n. (especially)"knowledge given to others" id est instruction, direction, order, arrangement, disposition, rule, command (also plural) (vidatham ā-vad-,to impart knowledge, give instruction, rule, govern) | | | vidhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to distribute, apportion, grant, bestow etc. etc. (with kāmam-,to fulfil a wish) ; to furnish, supply, procure (with ātmanaḥ-,"for one's self") ; to spread, diffuse ; to put in order, arrange, dispose, prepare, make ready ; to divide, parcel out ; to ordain, direct, enjoin, settle, appoint etc. ; to form, create, build, establish, found etc. ; to perform, effect, produce, cause, occasion, make, do etc. (like kṛ-to be translated variously in connection with various nouns exempli gratia, 'for example' with siṃhatvam-,to change into a lion;with saciva-tām-,to assume the office of a minister;with veṣam-,to put on a garment;with vṛttim-,to secure a maintenance;with upāyam-,to devise a means;with mantram-,to hold a consultation;with rājyam-,to carry on government, rule;with saṃdhim-,to conclude peace;with kalaham-,to pick up a quarrel;with vairam-,to declare war;with lajjām-,to display bashfulness;with kolāhalam-,to raise a clamour;with cumbanaṃ-,to give a kiss) ; to make, render (with two accusative) etc. ; to contrive or manage that (yathā-) ; to put or lay on or in, direct towards (locative case) etc. (with hṛdaye-,to take to heart;with agrataḥ-,or adhaḥ-,to place before or below) ; to send out, despatch (spies) ; to take trouble with (dative case) ; to treat, deal with (accusative) : Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be distributed etc. ; to be allotted or intended for (genitive case) ; to be accounted, pass for (Nominal verb) : Causal -dhāpayati-, to cause to put, cause to be laid ; cause to put in order or arrange or fix : Desiderative -dhitsati-, te-, to wish to distribute or bestow ; to wish to decide or determine or fix or establish ; to wish to find out or devise (a means) ; to wish to procure or acquire ; to wish to perform or accomplish anything, intend, purpose ; to wish to make or render (two accusative) | | | vidhāvita | mfn. run in different directions, dispersed | | | vidhi | m. (for 1.See) a rule, formula, injunction, ordinance, statute, precept, law, direction (especially for the performance of a rite as given in the brāhmaṇa- portion of the veda-, which according to to consists of two parts, 1. vidhi-,"precepts or commandments" exempli gratia, 'for example' yajeta-,"he ought to sacrifice", kuryāt-,"he ought to perform";2. artha-vāda-, "explanatory statements"as to the origin of rites and use of the mantra-s, mixed up with legends and illustrations) etc. (see ) | | | vidru | P. -dravati-, to run apart or in different directions, disperse, run away, escape etc. ; to part asunder, become divided, burst : Causal -drāvayati-, to cause to disperse, drive or scare away, put to flight | | | vihitatva | n. the being enjoined or prescribed, prescription, direction | | | viloman | mfn. against the hair or grain, turned in the opposite direction, inverted | | | vimārgadṛṣṭi | mfn. looking in a wrong direction | | | vinī | P. A1. -nayati-, te-, to lead or take away, remove, avert ; to throw off, drive away, dispel, expel (a disease) ; (A1.) to elicit, draw from (ablative) ; to stir up (the soma-) ; to part (the hair) ; to stretch, extend ; to train, tame, guide (horses) etc. ; to educate, instruct, direct etc. ; to chastise, punish ; to induce, lead or cause to (infinitive mood) ; to spend, pass (time) ; to perform, accomplish ; (A1.) to pay off, restore (a debt) ; to expand (especially for religious purposes) ; to get rid of. give up, cease from (anger) : Desiderative -ninīṣate-, to wish to get rid of or give up (egoism) | | | vinidhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put or place or lay down in different places, distribute ; to put off, lay down or aside ; to put by, store up ; to put or place on, fix upon, direct (mind, eyes etc.) ; (with hṛdi-) to fix in the heart, bear in mind | | | vinihita | mfn. put or laid down, placed or fixed upon, directed towards (locative case or compound) | | | viniścar | P. -carati-, to go forth in all directions | | | viniyojita | mfn. (fr. Causal) appointed or directed or applied to, destined for, chosen as (with locative case, artham-or arthāya-) etc. (paśu-tve-,destined for a sacrificial victim; adhipati-tve-,appointed to the sovereignty) | | | viniyuktātman | mfn. one who has his mind fixed on or directed towards | | | vinu | A1. -navate-, to go or spread in different directions | | | vinyas | P. -asyati- (rarely -asati-), to put or place down in different places, spread out, distribute, arrange etc. ; to put down, deposit, place or lay on, fix in, turn or direct towards, apply to (locative case) etc. ; to mark or designate by (instrumental case) ; to entrust or make over to (locative case) | | | vinyasta | mfn. directed to (as the mind, eyes) | | | vipalāy | (fr. palā- equals parā-+ ay-=5. i-;only imperfect tense vy-apalāyata-), to run away in different directions | | | viparidhāvaka | mfn. running about or in all directions | | | viparīta | mfn. going asunder or in different directions, various, different | | | viparītagati | mfn. going backwards or in a reverse direction | | | vipat | P. -patati-, to fly or dash or rush through ; to fly apart, fall off, burst asunder, be divided or separated ; to fly along : Causal -patayati-, to fly in various directions ; to fall asunder, be opened ; -pātayati-, to cause to fly away, shoot off (arrows) ; to cause to fly asunder or off, split or strike off (a head) ; to strike down, kill | | | vipathi | mfn. going on paths that spread in different directions | | | vipradhāv | P. -dhāvati-, to run in different directions | | | vipralīna | |
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