Sanskrit Dictionary

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Grammar Search

"dati" has 3 results

dati: neuter locative singular stem: dat

dati: feminine locative singular stem: dat

dati: masculine locative singular stem: danta

Amarakosha Search

1 result

Word	Reference	Gender	Number	Synonyms	Definition

jalocchvāsāḥ		Masculine	Plural	parīvāhāḥ	inundation

Monier-Williams Search

505 results for dati

abhidā

-dadāti-, to give, bestow (for a purpose)

abhidhā

-dadhāti-, to surrender any one to (dative case; Aorist subjunctive 2. dual number -dhātam-)

; to bring upon (dative case)

: A1. (rarely P.) to put on or round, put on the furniture of a horse (see abh/i-hīta-below)

etc. ; to cover (a country) with an army

; to cover, protect

(Aorist Potential 2. plural -dhetana-), etc. ; (in classical Sanskrit generally) to set forth, explain, tell, speak to, address, say, name (see abh/i-hita-below) : Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be named or called: Causal -dhāpayate-, to cause to name

: Desiderative A1. -dh/itsate-, to intend to cover one's self

abhiṣad

( sad-), -sīdati- to besiege

; Ved. (imperfect tense) -aṣīdat-, or -asīdat-, etc.

, in classical Sanskrit only forms with ṣ- are allowed

abhiṣidh

-ṣedhati-

: Caus. Desiderative -ṣiṣedhayiṣati-

abhisidh

-sedhati-

abhitrāsa

m. putting in fear, intimidating

abhitti

mfn. having no walls id est no solid foundation

abhyupadhā

-/upa-dadhāti-, to place upon

; to cover with (instrumental case)

: P. A1. (3. plural -/upa-dadhati-, subjunctive 1. plural -d/adhāmahai-) to place upon (the fire) in addition or together with

abhyutthā

( sthā-), (imperfect tense -/udatiṣṭhat-; perf. -/ut-tasthau-) to rise for going towards (accusative)

etc. ; to rise from a seat to do any one (accusative) honour

etc. ; (with ātithya-karma-) idem or '(3. plural -/ut-taranti-) to cross ; (1. plural -tarema-) to cross over towards, penetrate to (accusative) '

; to rise in rebellion

; to leave off, desist from (ablative) commentator or commentary on

ācāra

m. custom, practice, usage, traditional or immemorial usage (as the foundation of law)

ādhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte- (in the later language usually A1.), 1. sg. /ā-dadhāmi-

; imperative 2. sg. ā-dhehi-

; perfect tense 3. plural -dadh/us-

; Aorist 3. plural /ā-dhus-

; parasmE-pada -dadhāna-, parasmE-pada Passive voice -dhīyamāna- (in compound exempli gratia, 'for example' ā-dhīyamāna-citta-

) ; perf. -dadhau-, etc. ; ([see under1. dhā-]), (P.and A1.) to place on, put down, deposit, put ; to impregnate, instil (exempli gratia, 'for example' good sentiments) , impress, direct ; to apply, appoint

etc. ; to add (fuel to fire)

etc. ; to give or deposit in pledge, stake (money)

; to give, supply, lend, deliver

etc. ; to accept, receive

etc. ; to make, constitute, effect

etc. ; (only A1.) to keep, preserve, appropriate to one's self, hold, possess, take ; to conceive (as a woman), get children

etc.: Causal -dhāpayati-, to cause to put: Desiderative A1. -dhitsate-, to wish to kindle (a fire)

: P. (parasmE-pada -dhitsat-) to be about to take up (a stick for punishing)

ādhi

m. foundation

adhivid

cl.6 P. -vindati-, to obtain, to marry in addition to.

adhogama

m. descent, downward movement, degradation.

adhogamana

n. descent, downward movement, degradation.

adhogati

f. descent, downward movement, degradation.

ākrand

P. -krandati- (Aorist 3. plural ākrandiṣuḥ-

) to shout out

; to invoke, call for help

: P. A1. to cry with sorrow, lament, weep

etc.: Causal (imperative 2. sg. -krandaya-) to inspire (courage) by its sound (as a drum)

; (parasmE-pada -krand/ayat-) to shout at, roar at

; to cry without interruption

: to cause to lament or weep

akṣamālā

f. Name of arundhatī-, wife of vasiṣṭha- (from her wearing a rosary)

ālambana

n. foundation, base

ānand

P. -nandati-, to rejoice, be delighted

: Causal P. -nandayati-, to gladden ; to bless

: A1. -nandayate-, to amuse one's self.

anapakarṣa

m. ( kṛṣ-) non-degradation, superiority.

and

cl.1 P. andati-, to bind

anulomapariṇītā

f. married in regular gradation.

anuvid

cl.6 P. A1. -vindati-, te-, to find, obtain, discover

etc. ; to marry

; to deem

apadhvaṃsa

m. "falling away, degradation", in compound with

apākaraṇa

n. payment, liquidation.

apākarman

n. payment, liquidation.

āplāva

m. flood, inundation

aratni

m. the elbow

(according to the emendation of

)

ard

Ved. cl.6 P. (Imper. 3. plural ṛdantu-; imperfect tense 3. plural /ārdan-) to move, be moved, be scattered (as dust),

cl.1 P. ardati- (/ardati-,"to go, move"

) to dissolve

, (Aorist ārdīt-

anarda-

) to torment, hurt, kill

; to ask, beg for (accusative)

cl.7. ṛṇatti-, to kill

: Causal ardayati- (subjunctive ardayāsi-,Imper. 2. sg. ardaya-, imperfect tense /ādayat-,2. sg. ard/ayas-; Aorist ārdidat-,or [after ma-] ardayit-

) to make agitated, stir up, shake vehemently

, to do harm, torment, distress

etc. (generally used in perf. Pass. p. ardita- q.v), to strike, hurt, kill, destroy

Desiderative ardidiṣati- ; [ Latin ardeo.]

arūḍhamūlatva

n. state of not having taken root, insufficient foundation,

arundhatī

f. the little and scarcely visible star Alcor (belonging to the Great Bear, and personified as the wife of one of its seven chief stars, vasiṣṭha-, or of all the seven, the so-called seven ṛṣi-s;at marriage ceremonies arundhatī- is invoked as a pattern of conjugal excellence by the bridegroom)

arundhatīdarśananyāya

m. the rule of the view of the star arundhatī-,

arundhatījāni

m. "husband of arundhatī-", vasiṣṭha- (one of the seven ṛṣi-s or saints, and stars in the Great Bear)

arundhatīnātha

m. "husband of arundhatī-", vasiṣṭha- (one of the seven ṛṣi-s or saints, and stars in the Great Bear)

arundhatīsahacara

m. companion of arundhatī-, vasiṣṭha-.

āsad

P. -sīdati- (Ved. also -sadati-; infinitive mood -s/adam-and -s/ade-

; perfect tense -sasāda-; future -satsyati-) A1. (Ved. Aorist 1. sg. -satsi-and 3. sg. -sādi-) to sit, sit down, sit near

; to preside over

; to lie in wait for

; to go to, go towards, approach ; to meet with, reach, find ; to encounter, attack ; to commence, undertake

etc.: Causal -sādayati-, to cause to sit down ; to set down, put down, place

etc. ; to cause, effect

; to approach, meet with, find, reach, obtain

āskand

P. -skandati-, to leap, skip (See ā-sk/andam-) ; to invade, attack, assault

āsvad

P. -svadati-, to eat, consume

: Causal -svādayati-, to taste, enjoy, eat with a relish

atiprasad

P. -sidati-, to be come completely cheerful.

ātiśāyanika

m. (in rhetoric) an affix that expresses gradation in an ascending series.

ātiśāyika

mfn. expressing ascending gradation

avacīravicīraka

mfn. dilapidation, ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding

āvad

P. -vadati-, to speak to, address ; to shout out ; to invoke, celebrate

avapad

-padyate- (subjunctive P. -padāti-

; preceding A1.3. sg. -padīṣṭa-

; Aorist subjunctive A1.3. sg. -pādi-

; Vedic or Veda infinitive mood (ablative) -p/adas-

) Vedic or Veda to fall down, glide down into (accusative)

etc. ; (Imper. A1.3. plural -padyantām-; subjunctive P.2. sg. -patsi-; Potential P.1. sg. -padyeyam-) to drop from (ablative), be deprived of (ablative)

; (subjunctive A1.1. sg. -padyai-) to fall, meet with an accident

; (future 3. plural -patsyanti-) to throw down

: Causal (Imper. 2. sg. -pādaya-; ind.p. -pādya-) to cause to glide or go down

avarudh

P. (Aorist -rudhat-) to obstruct, enclose, contain

, (infinitive mood -roddhum-) to check, keep back, restrain

, to expel

; -ruṇaddhi-, to seclude, put aside, remove

; to shut in, (Aorist A1. avāruddha-and Passive voice avārodh-)

; to keep anything (accusative,as one's grief) locked up (in one's bosom accusative)

; (ind.p. -rudhya-) to keep one's self (ātmānam-) wrapped up in one's self (ātmani-)

; (imperfect tense avāruṇat-) to confine within, besiege

: A1. -rundhe- (for nddhe-

; imperfect tense avārundha-

; ind.p. -r/udhya-

; Ved. infinitive mood -r/udham-

and -rudham-

) chiefly Ved. to reach, obtain, gain: P. (parasmE-pada f. -rundhatī-; see anurudh-) to be attached to, like

: Desid.A. -rurutsate-, Vedic or Veda to wish to obtain or gain

etc.: Intens.P. (subjunctive 2. sg. -rorudhas-) to expel from (the dominion)

avasad

P. -sīdati- (rarely A1. exempli gratia, 'for example' Potential -sideta-

; imperfect tense -sīdata-

) to sink (is into water)

; to sink down, faint, grow lean ([

;

]), become exhausted or disheartened, slacken, come to an end, perish, Causal (parasmE-pada -sādayat-; ind.p. -sādya-) to cause to sink (as, into water)

; to render downhearted, dispirit, ruin

etc. ; to frustrate

bad

or band- cl.1 P. badati- or bandati-, to be firm or steady

(see 3. pad-).

bahurūpa

m. of a son of medhātithi-

bandh

cl.9 P. (

) badhn/āti- (rarely A1. badhnīt/e-; cl.1 P. A1. bandhati-, te-

; cl.4 P. badhyati-

; imperative badhāna-

, bandhāna-

, -badhnīhi-

, bandha-

; perfect tense P. bab/andha-,3. plural bedh/us-

, babandhus-

; A1. bedh/e-, dhir/e-

, babandhe- grammar; future bhantsyati-

etc., bandhiṣyati-, te-

; banddhā- grammar; Aorist abhāntsīt- grammar; preceding badhyāt-

; infinitive mood banddhum-,or bandhitum-

, b/adhe-

ind.p. baddhv/ā-

, dhv/āya-

, -badhya-

; -bandham-

), to bind, tie, fix, fasten, chain, fetter

etc. ; to bind round, put on (

;later also P."on one's self")

etc. ; to catch, take or hold captive, met. = to attach to world or to sin

; to fix, direct, fasten, rivet (eyes, ears or mind) on (locative case or infinitive mood)

; to arrest, hold back, restrain, suppress, stop, shut, close

; to bind a sacrificial victim, offer, sacrifice (with dative case of the deity to whom it is presented)

; to punish, chastise

; to join, unite, put together or produce anything in this way, exempli gratia, 'for example' fold (the hands), clench (the fist), knit or bend (the eyebrows), arrange, assume (a posture), set up (a limit), construct (a dam or a bridge), span, bridge over (a river), conceive or contract (friendship or enmity), compose, construct (a poem or verse)

etc. ; to form or produce in any way, cause, effect, do, make, bear (fruit), strike (roots), take up (one's abode)

; to entertain, cherish, show, exhibit, betray (joy, resolution etc.)

: Passive voice badhy/ate- (ti-

), to be bound etc. etc. ; (especially) to be bound by the fetters of existence or evil, sin again

; to be affected by id est experience, suffer (instrumental case)

: Causal bandhayati- (Aorist ababandhat-), to cause to bind or catch or capture, imprison

etc. ; to cause to be built or constructed

; to cause to be embanked or dammed up

; to bind together (also bādhayati-)

: Desiderative bibhantsati- grammar : Intensive bābanddhi-, bābadhyate-

[ confer, compare Zend band; Greek , ; Latin foedus,fides; Lit.be4ndras; Gothic Anglo-Saxon bindan; German binden; English bind.]

bhid

cl.7.P. A1. (

) bhin/atti-, bhintte- (imperfect tense 2. 3. sg. /abhinat-

; subjunctive bhin/aadaḥ-

; imperative bindh/i-

; binddhi-

[ confer, compare binddhi-lavaṇā-];cl.1. P. bh/edati-

; Potential bhideyam-

; perfect tense bibh/eda-

; Aorist , 2. 3. sg. bh/et-

abhaitsīt-

; bhitthās-

; preceding bhitsīṣṭa- grammar; future bhetsy/ati-, te-

etc.; Conditional abhetsyat-

; future bhettā- grammar; infinitive mood bh/ettav/ai-

; bhettum-

etc.; ind.p. bhittv/ā-, -bhidya-

etc.) , to split, cleave, break, cut or rend asunder, pierce, destroy

etc.,; to pass through (as a planet or, comet)

; to disperse (darkness)

; to transgress, violate, (a compact or alliance)

etc. ; to open, expand

; to loosen, disentangle, dissolve

etc. ; to disturb, interrupt, stop

; to disclose, betray

etc. ; to disunite, set at variance

; to distinguish, discriminate

: Passive voice bhidy/ate- (Epic also ti- Aorist abhedi-

etc.; perfect tense bibhide-

), to be split or broken, burst (intrans.)

etc. ; to be opened (as a closed hand, eyes etc.)

; to overflow (as water)

; to be loosened, become loose

; to be stopped or interrupted

; to be disclosed or betrayed

; to be changed or altered (in mind), be won over

; to be disunited

; to keep aloof from (instrumental case)

; to be distinguished, differ from (ablative)

etc.: Causal bhedayati-, te- (Aorist abībhidat-; confer, compare also bhidāpana-), to cause to split or break etc. ; to split, break, shatter, crush, destroy

; to separate, divide (See bhedita-) ; to disunite, set at variance, perplex, unsettle (in opinion), seduce, win over

: Desiderative b/ibhitsati-, te-, to wish to break through or disperse or defeat

(confer, compare, bibhitsā-): Desiderative of Causal See bibhedayiṣu-: Intensive bebhidīti- or bebhetti-, to cleave repeatedly

[ confer, compare Latin findo; German beissen; English bite.]

bhīra

mfn. (for 2.See p.759) intimidating

bhīṣā

f. the act of frightening, intimidation

bhīṣugati

(?) mfn. intimidating

bhṛtyaparamāṇu

m. a very humble (literally"an atom of a") servant

(see padāti-lava-).

bid

or bind- (see bhid-) cl.1 P. bindati-, to cleave, split

(perhaps invented on account of the following words of more or less questionable origin).

bindu

m. of the author of a rasa-paddhati-

binduvāsara

m. the day of fecundation

brahmasiddhānta

m. Name of various astronomy works. (also brahmasiddhāntapaddhati -paddhati- f.)

bud

cl.1 P. A1. bodati-, te-, to perceive, learn

(see bund-and budh-)

budh

cl.1 P. A1. (

) bodhati-, te- ; cl.4 A1.

b/udhyate- (Epic also P. ti-; perfect tense P. bubodha-

; subjunctive b/ubodhati-

; A1. bubudh/e-, parasmE-pada bubudhān/a-

; Aorist P. subjunctive bodhiṣat-

; imperative bodhi-

; A1.3 plural abudhram-, ran-; parasmE-pada budhān/a-

subjunctive budh/anta-

; abhutsi-

; preceding A1. bhutsīṣṭa-

; future bhotsyati-, te-

etc.; boddhā- grammar; ind.p. buddhvā-

; -budhya-

etc.; infinitive mood b/udhe-

; budh/i-

; boddhum-

etc.) , to wake, wake up, be awake

etc. ; to recover consciousness (after a swoon)

(Aorist Passive voice abodhi-) ; to observe, heed, attend to (with accusative or genitive case)

; to perceive, notice, learn, understand, become or be aware of or acquainted with

etc. ; to think of id est present a person ("with" instrumental case)

; to know to be, recognize as (with two accusative)

etc. ; to deem, consider or regard as (with two accusative)

: Passive voice budhyate- (Aorist abodhi-), to be awakened or restored to consciousness ; See above: Causal bodh/ayati-, te- (Aorist abūbudhat-; Passive voice bodhyate-), to wake up, arouse, restore to life or consciousness

etc. ; to revive the scent (of a perfume)

; to cause (a flower) to expand

; to cause to observe or attend, admonish, advise

etc. ; to make a person acquainted with, remind or inform of. impart or communicate anything to (with two accusative)

etc.: Desiderative bubhutsati-, te- (grammar also bubodhiṣati-, te-,and bubudhiṣati-, te-), to wish to observe, desire to become acquainted with

: Desiderative of Causal See bibodhayiṣu- and bubodhayiṣu-: Intensive bobudhīti- (grammar also bobudhyate-, boboddhi-), to have an insight into, understand thoroughly (with accusative)

[ confer, compare Zend bud; Greek for () in, Slavonic or Slavonian bu8de8ti,bu8dru8; Lithuanian bude4ti,budru4s; Gothic biudan; German biotan,bieten; Anglo-Saxon be4odan; English bid.]

candrikā

f. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' illumination, elucidation (of a work or subject, e. gaRa alaṃkāra--, kātantra--,etc.)

caturtha

f. (scilicet vibhakti-) the termination of the 4th case, dative case

caurya

n. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' with śulka-) defraudation

caya

m. (

; gaRa vṛṣādi-) a mound of earth (raised to form the foundation of a building or raised as a rampart)

chad

or 2. chand- cl.10. chad/ayati- (also te-= arc-

[ varia lectio, ti-]; subjunctive yat-

;2. plural yātha-,

), chandayati- (twice cl.1. ch/andati-[ equals arcati-

]

; A1.[ subjunctive yāte-]

; Aorist acacchadat-

; acchān-

;2. plural nta-,

;3. plural ntsur-,

; subjunctive chantsat-[

]

;2. sg. tsi-,

; perf. cacchanda-,

; Potential cacchadyāt-,

) to seem, appear, be considered as

; to seem good, please (with dative case)

; (with acc,)

(see

) ; A1. to be pleased with, delight in (accusative or locative case)

; chandayati-, to gratify any one (accusative;exceptionally genitive case

) with anything (instrumental case, especially vareṇa-,"with a boon"

) ; to try to seduce any one (accusative)

chṛd

cl.7. (imperative chṛṇattu-,2. sg. chṛndhi-; future, chardiṣyati-and chartsy-

; perfect tense caccharda-,3. plural cchṛdur-,

Va1rtt. 3

) to vomit

; to utter, leave

; P. A1. (chṛntte-) to shine

; to play

: cl.1. chardati- (varia lectio rpati-) to kindle,

: Causal chardayati- idem or 'f. see '

(varia lectio rpay-) ; to cause to flow over

; to vomit, eject (with or without accusative)

; to cause to spit or vomit

; A1. to vomit

: Desiderative cicchardiṣati- and cchṛtsati-

: Causal Desiderative cicchardayiṣati-,

Va1rtt. 2

; see ā--, pra--.

citrarepha

m. Name of a son of medhātithi- (king of śāka-dvīpa-)

citya

mfn. (with or without agni-,the fire) constructed upon a foundation (of bricks etc.)

cud

cl.1. c/odati-, te- (subjunctive c/odat-; imperative da-, data-, dasva-,(2. dual number) dethām-; Aorist 2. sg. codīs-; pr. p. See a-cod/at-), to impel, incite, animate

; to bring or offer quickly (as the soma-)

; A1. to hasten

: Causal cod/ayati-, rarely te- (subjunctive 2. sg. yāsi-, yāse-; Aorist acūcudat-

; parasmE-pada cod/ayat-;Pan. codyamāna-), to sharpen, whet

(confer, compare

) ;

; to impel, incite, cause to move quickly, accelerate

etc. ; (with cakṣus-) to direct (the eye) towards (locative case)

; to inspire, excite, animate

; to request, petition, ask, urge on, press or importune with a request

etc. ; help on, assist in the attainment of (dative case)

; to bring or offer quickly,

; to ask for

; to inquire after

; to enjoin, fix, settle

; to object, criticise

; to be quick

; ([ confer, compare , ; Latin cudo.])

dā

cl.3. d/adāti- (plural dati-

etc.; A1. datte-

;1. sg. dadmi-

; imperative d/adātu- plural dahu-;2. sg. daddh/i-

; deh/i-[

]

;2. plural d/adāta-

, tana-

, datt/a-

etc.;2. dual number tt/am-

etc.; Potential dady/āt-

etc.; imperfect tense /adadāt-; plural /adadur-

;2. dual number /adattam-

etc.;2. plural ttana-,

, /adadāta-

; subjunctive d/adat-

, das-

dan-

parasmE-pada m. Nominal verb sg. d/adat- plural tas-

etc.; parasmE-pada A1. d/adāna-,

; n/a-,

; sg. dadati-,

; plural danti-,

; imperative da-,

; data-

; Potential det-

; imperfect tense /adadat-

; A1. sg. d/adate-

; plural dante-,

; imperative sg. datām-

; dasva-

etc.; imperfect tense plural /adadanta-

; parasmE-pada d/adamāna-

; Aorist /adāt-[

], dat-, /adur-, d/ur-etc.; subjunctive 2. dual number dāsathas-

[ confer, compare

]; Potential 1. plural deṣma-

; perfect tense dad/au-, d/ur-, d/athur-, datur-, d/o-

etc.; Passive voice d/e-,

; dadade-, dāte-, dire-

; parasmE-pada genitive case dad/uṣas-

, ṣām-

; Nominal verb dv/ān-,

; dāvan-

; accusative div/āṃsam-,

[ confer, compare

]; future parasmE-pada dāsy/at-

; A1. syate-, syante-,1. sg. sye-

; preceding deyāt-

; infinitive mood dāv/ane-

; d/ātos-,

; tave-,

; d/ātav/ai-[

]

; tum-,

etc.: ind.p. dattv/āya-[

]

; ttv/ā-

etc.; -d/āya-[

]

etc.: Passive voice dīyate-[

]; parasmE-pada y/amāna-

; Aorist adāyi-

; preceding dāsīṣṭa-, dāyis-,

) cl.1. d/āti- (

; imperative tu-,

; confer, compare

Va1rtt. 3

) to give, bestow, grant, yield, impart, present, offer to (dative case,in later language also genitive case or locative case)

etc. ; to give (a daughter, kanyām-) in marriage

etc. ; to hand over

; (with haste-)

; to give back,

; to pay (daṇḍam-,"a fine"

; ṛṇam-,"a debt",

) ; to give up, cede (āsanam-,"one's seat")

; (panthānam-or mārgam-,"to give up the road, allow to pass")

and

; to sell (with instrumental case of the price),

; to sacrifice (ātmānam-,"one's self."

; āt- khedāya-,"to give one's self up to grief",

) ; to offer (an oblation etc.)

etc. ; to communicate, teach, utter (blessings, āśiṣas-

), give (answer, prati-vacas-, canam-, praty-uttaram-

etc.), speak (satyaṃ vacas-,the truth,

; vacam-,to address a speech to [ dative case ]

) ; to permit, allow (with infinitive mood)

; to permit sexual intercourse

; to place, put, apply (in med.)

etc. ; to add

; with varam-,"to grant a boon"

etc. ; śoham-,"to cause grief",

; avakāśam-,"to give room or space, allow to enter"

etc. ; prāṇān- or jīvitam-,"to spare any one's life"

; talam- or lān-, to slap with the palms of the hands

; la-prahāram-, to strike with the palm

tālam-, to beat time with the hands

; saṃjñām-, to make a sign

; saṃketakam-, to make an appointment

samayam-, to propose an agreement

; upamām-, to compare with [ genitive case ]

; paṭaham-, to proclaim with the drum

; śabdam-, to make a noise, call out

; śāpam-, to utter a curse

etc. ; gāīh-. idem or 'm. fire '

; anuyātram-, to accompany

; āliṅganane-, parirambhaṇam-, to embrace,

; jhampam-, to jump

; śrāddham-, to perform a śrāddha-

; vratakam-, to accomplish a vow

; yuddham-, niy-, saṃgrāmam-, to give battle, fight with

; ājñām- ādeśam-, to give an order, command,

; saṃdeśam-, to give information

; prayogam-, to give a dramatic representation

vṛtim-, to fence in

; darśanam-, to show one's self

; dṛṣṭim-, dṛśam-, akṣi-, caksus-, to fix the eyes on (locative case)

; karṇam-, to give ear, listen

; manas-, to direct the mind to (locative case)

; kars- kapolam-, to rest the cheek on the hand

; nigaḍāni- to put on or apply fetters

pāvakam-, to set on fire ; agnīn- to consume by fire

; śāram-, to move a chess-man

; argalam-, to draw a bolt, bar

; jānu-, to kneel upon (genitive case)

; padam-, to tread upon [loc.]

; to direct the steps

; viṣam-, to poison

(with accusative !) ; garam- idem or 'm. fire '

(with genitive case) ; -- A1. to carry, hold, keep, preserve

; to show

(Aorist adadiṣṭa-; aded-fr. diś-

) : Causal dāpayati- (

; Aorist adīdapat-,

) to cause to give or be given, cause to bestow or present or give up, oblige to pay, make restore

etc. ; to demand from (ablative)

; to cause to utter or speak

ghoṣaṇām-, to cause to be made known

; to cause to place or advance,

; to cause to perform,

to cause to be put on (locative case)

: Desiderative d/itsati- (

; parasmE-pada d/idāsat-

; d/itsat-,

; Potential tseyam-

; perfect tense 2. sg. didāsitha-

; confer, compare

) to wish to give, be ready to bestow

etc. ; to wish to give in marriage

etc.: Intensive dedīyate-

; ([ confer, compare ; Latin do;etc.])

dhā

cl.3 P. A1. d/adhāti-, dhatt/e-

etc. (P. dual number dadhv/as-, dhatth/as-, dhatt/as-[

]; plural dadhm/asi-or m/as-, dhatth/a-, dādhati-; imperfect tense /adadhāt- plural dhur-,

plural /adhatta-or /adadhāta-

; subjunctive d/adhat-or dhāt-[

], dhas-, dhatas-, dhan-; Potential dadhy/āt-; imperative dādhātu- plural dhatu-;2. sg. dheh/i-[fr. dhaddhi-; confer, compare

] or dhattāt-

;2. plural dhatt/a-,

, dhattana-,

, d/adhāta-,

,or tana-,

[ confer, compare

]; parasmE-pada d/adhat-, ti- m. plural tas-; A1.1. sg. dadh/e-[at once3. sg. equals dhatt/e-

and= perfect tense A1.],2. sg. dh/atse-,

or dhats/e-

dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-;2. plural dhidhv/e-[ confer, compare perfect tense ];3. plural d/adhate-

; imperfect tense /adhatta-, tthās-; subjunctive d/adhase-,

[

]; Potential d/adhīta-

dadhīt/a-,

; imperative 2. sg. dhatsva-,

or dadhiṣva-,

;2. plural dhaddhvam-[

]or dadhidhvam-

,etc.;3. pl. dadhatām-

; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-) ; rarely cl.1 P. A1. dadhati-, te-

; only thrice cl.2 P. dh/āti-

; and once cl.4 A1. Potential dhāyeta-

(pf.P. dadh/au-, dh/ātha-, dhatur-, dhim/ā-, dhur-

etc.; A1. dadh/e-[ confer, compare proper ], dadhiṣ/e-or dhiṣe-

;2.3. dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-,2. pl. dadhidhv/e-[ confer, compare proper ];3. plural dadhir/e-, dadhre-,

,or dhire-,

; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-[ confer, compare proper ]; Aorist P. /adhāt-, dh/āt-, dh/ās-; adh/ur-, dh/ur-

etc.; Potential dheyām-, yur-; dhetana-

; 2. sg. dhāyīs-

; imperative dh/ātu-[ confer, compare

];2. plural dh/āta-or tana-,3. plural dhāntu-

; A1. adhita-, thās-, adhītām-, adhīmahi-, dhīmahi-, dhimahe-, dhāmahe-

;3. sg. ahita-, hita-

; subjunctive dh/ethe-

, dhaithe-,

; imperative dhiṣv/ā-,

; P. adhat-

; dhat-

; P. dhāsur- subjunctive sathas-and satha-

; A1. adhiṣi-, ṣata-

; Potential dhiṣīya-

[

]; dheṣīya-

; future dhāsyati-, te-or dhātā-

etc.; infinitive mood dh/ātum-

etc.;Ved. also tave-, tav/ai-, tos-; dhiy/adhyai-

;Class. also -dhitum-; ind.p. dhitv/ā-

; hitvā-[

], -dh/āya-and -dh/ām-

: Passive voice dhīy/ate-

etc.[

] , p. dhīy/amāna-

; Aorist /adhāyi-, dh/āyi-

[

]; preceding dhāsīṣṭa-or dhāyiṣīṣṭa-[

]) to put, place, set, lay in or on (locative case)

etc. etc. (with daṇḍam-,to inflict punishment on [with locative case

,with genitive case

];with tat-padavyām padam-,to put one's foot in another's footstep id est imitate, equal

) ; to take or bring or help to (locative case or dative case;with ār/e-,to remove)

; (A1.) to direct or fix the mind or attention (cintām-, manas-, matim-, samādhim-etc.) upon, think of (locative case or dative case), fix or resolve upon (locative case dative case accusative with prati-or a sentence closed with iti-)

; to destine for, bestow on, present or impart to (locative case dative case or genitive case)

etc. (Passive voice to be given or granted, fall to one's [dat.] lot or share

) ; to appoint, establish, constitute

; to render (with double accusative)

; to make, produce, generate, create, cause, effect, perform, execute

etc. (Aorist with pūrayām-, mantrayām-, varayām-etc. equals pūrayām-etc. cakāra-) ; to seize, take hold of, hold, bear, support, wear, put on (clothes)

etc. ; (A1.) to accept, obtain, conceive (especially in the womb), get, take (with /okas-or c/anas-,to take pleasure or delight in [loc. or dative case ])

; to assume, have, possess, show, exhibit, incur, undergo

: Causal -dhāpayati-

(See antar-dhā-, śrad-dhā-etc.) : Desiderative dh/itsati-, te- (

) , to wish to put in or lay on (locative case)

(Class. Passive voice dhitsyate-; dhitsya-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) ; d/idhiṣati-, te-, to wish to give or present

; (A1.) to wish to gain, strive after (parasmE-pada d/idhiṣāṇa-,

)

: with avady/am-, to bid defiance

(confer, compare didhiṣ/āyya-, didhiṣ/u-): Intensive dedhīyate-

[ confer, compare Zend da1,dadaiti; Greek ,; Lithuanian dedu4,de4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian dedja,diti; Old Saxon duan,do7n, Anglo-Saxon do7n,Engl.do; German tuan;tuon,thun.]

dharmamūla

the foundation of law and religion, the veda-s

dharuṇa

n. basis, foundation, firm ground (also plural)

dharuṇahvara

(r/uṇa--) mfn. trembling in its foundations or receptacle

dhe

cl.1 P. (

) dh/ayati-

etc. (perfect tense dadhau-,3. plural dh/ur-

; Aorist -adhāt-

; adhāsīt-or adadhat-

; preceding dheyāt-,

; future dhāsyati-

, dhātā- grammar; dative case infinitive mood dh/ātave-

; ind.p. dhītv/ā-and -dh/īya-

; -dhāya- grammar) to suck, drink, suck or drink in, take to one's self, absorb, appropriate

etc. etc.: Passive voice dhīyate- grammar : Causal dhāp/ayāte- (confer, compare

Va1rtt. 1

) to give suck, nourish

; ti-

(confer, compare anu-- dhe-) ; Aorist adīdhapat- grammar : Desiderative dhitsati-

: Intensive dedhīyate-, dādheti-, and dādhāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin fe1-lare; Gothic dadd-jan; German ta1-an,ta1-jan.])

div

cl.4. d/īvyati-, te-

etc. (perf. did/eva-

; future deviṣyati-;cond, adeviṣyat-

; Aorist adevīt-

;etc.; infinitive mood devitum-

etc.; ind.p. devitvā-

; -dīvya-

) to cast, throw, especially dice id est play, gamble (akṣais-

; akṣān-

), with (instrumental case

), for (instrumental case,

; accusative

; dative case

; genitive case [ śatasya-]

) ; to lay a wager, bet with (sārdham-), upon (dative case)

; to play, sport, joke, trifle with (accusative

) ; to have free scope, spread, increase (

vardhati-) ; to shine, be bright [ Zend di1v;(?) Lit. dyvas-]

; to praise, rejoice, be drunk or mad ; to sleep ; to wish for ; to go

: Causal devayati-, to cause to play (Scholiast or Commentator) or to sport

: Desiderative dideviṣati- and dudyūṣati-

: Causal of Desiderative dudyūṣayati-, to incite to play

: Intensive dedivīti-, dedyeti-, dedeti- etc.

cl.2.4. P. dāti-

etc. ; dy/ati-

etc. (perfect tense 3 plural A1. -dadire-

; Aorist adāsīt-and adāt-

; preceding deyāt-,

; dāyāt-,

; -diṣīya-

; see ava-do-) to cut, divide, reap, mow

etc.: Passive voice dīyate-, prob. to be cast down or, dejected

: Desiderative ditsati-

: Intensive dedīyate-,

(see day-and 3. dā-).

dudh

cl.1 P. d/odhati-

to be angry, hurt, injure ; pres.p. d/odhat-, impetuous, wild, fierce

ekārṇava

m. only one ocean, nothing but ocean, general inundation

gajadāna

n. the exudation from an elephant's temples

gorocanā

f. a bright yellow orpiment prepared from the bile of cattle (employed in painting, dyeing, and in marking the tilaka- on the forehead;in med. used as a sedative, tonic, and anthelmintic remedy)

guggulu

n. (equals g/ulg-) bdellium or the exudation of Amyris Agallochum (a fragrant gum resin, used as a perfume and medicament)

(called saindhav/a-or samudr/iya-,"obtained near rivers or the sea",

)

guṇa

m. the first gradation of a vowel, the vowels a- (with ar-, al-

), e-, o-

guṇavṛddhī

f. dual number (equals vṛddhi-guṇau-) the gradations of vowels called guṇa- and vṛddhi- gaRa rājadantādi-.

guṇin

mfn. requiring the first gradation (a vowel)

had

cl.1 P. A1. (

) hadati-, te- (perfect tense jahade-; Aorist ahatta-etc. grammar), to evacuate, discharge excrement

: Causal hādayati- grammar : Desiderative jihatsate-

: Intensive jāhadyate-, jāhatti-

[ confer, compare Greek .]

hastimada

m. the exudation from an elephant's temples

īḍā

f. praise, commendation

ilinī

f. Name of a daughter of medhātithi-

īlinī

f. Name of a daughter of medhātithi-

ind

cl.1 P. indati-, aindat-, indāmbabhūva-, inditum-, to be powerful ; "to see"[Goldst.] ; perhaps = und-,"to drop?"(the meaning"to be powerful" seems to be given by native lexicographers merely for the etymology of the word indra- q.v)

iṣṭakānyāsa

m. laying the foundation of a house.

jāni

mfn. see arundhatī-, bh/adray/uva-, v/i--, vitt/a--, sum/aj--, sapt/a--

janodāharaṇa

n. "man-laudation", fame

janus

m. "nativity" See nuḥ-paddhati-

(exempli gratia, 'for example' kiṃ vilambena-,what is gained by delay? kim bahunā-,what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti-,what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and genitive case, nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ-,what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka- is often followed by the particles iva-, u-, nāma-, nu-, vā-, svid-, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (exempli gratia, 'for example' kim iva etad-,what can this be? ka u śravat-,who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti-,who indeed knows? ko nv ayam-,who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam-,what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ-,who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti-,of what person is there no heart?) ka- is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (exempli gratia, 'for example' na kasya ko vallabhaḥ-,no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ-,no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam-,how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, ka- is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca-, can/a-, cid-, vā-,and /api-, in which case ka- may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya- (exempli gratia, 'for example' ye ke ca-,any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai-,to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi-,any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca-,whatever) . The particle cana-, being composed of ca-and na-, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (exempli gratia, 'for example' yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana-,without which indra- there is nothing) , but the negative sense is generally dropped (exempli gratia, 'for example' kaścana-,any one; na kaścana-,no one) , and a relative is sometimes connected with it (exempli gratia, 'for example' yat kiṃcana-,anything whatsoever) . Examples of cid- with the interrogative are common

kākapada

n. the foundation or base of anything so shaped

kalakala

m. the resinous exudation of Shorea robusta

kalalaja

m. the resinous exudation of the Shorea robusta

(see kala-kala-.)

kālaniryāsa

m. a fragrant and resinous exudation from the plant Amyris Agallocha

kāmadeva

m. Name of the author of the prāyaścitta-paddhati-

kand

cl.1 P. kandati-, cakanda-, to cry, utter lamentations: A1. kandate-, to be confounded, confound

(see 1 . kad-, krand-.)

kard

cl.1 P. kardati-, to rumble (as the bowels)

; to caw (as a crow)

; to make any unpleasant noise

(see pard-.)

karpūra

mn. ( kṛp- commentator or commentary on

), camphor (either the plant or resinous exudation or fruit)

etc.

kaṣāya

mn. exudation from a tree, juice, gum, resin

kaṣāyin

mfn. yielding a resinous exudation, astringent, dyed of a red colour

kaumudī

f. elucidation (the word kaumudī- being metaphorically used like other words of similar import[ see candrikā-]at the end of grammatical commentaries and other explanatory works to imply that the book so designated throws much light on the subject of which it treats exempli gratia, 'for example' padārtha-k-, prakriyā-k-, laghu-k-, vaiṣamya-k-, siddhānta-k-)

keśavajātakapaddhatyudāharaṇa

n. a commentator or commentary by viśva-nātha- on the work jātaka-paddhati-.

keśavārka

m. Name of the author of the jātaka-paddhati-

khad

cl.6 P. khadati- (pr. p. khad/at-), to be steady or firm or solid

; to strike, hurt, kill

; (for khād-) to eat

khād

cl.1. P. kh/ādati- (Epic also A1. te-; Aorist akhādīt-

; perf. cakhāda-

), to chew, bite, eat, devour, feed, prey upon

etc. ; to hurt

; to ruin

: Causal P. khādayati-, to cause to be eaten or devoured by (instrumental case; see

Va1rtt. 5)

; to eat or devour

: Desiderative cikhādiṣati-, to desire to eat

(varia lectio)

khaṇḍasphuṭapratisaṃskaraṇa

n. repairing of dilapidations

khid

cl.6. khindati- (

;Ved. khidati-

; perf. cikheda-,or Vedic or Veda cakhāda-

; future khetsyati-

), to strike, press, press down

; to be depressed or wearied

: cl.7 A1. khintte-, to be pressed down, suffer pain

: cl.4 A1. khidyate- (rarely P.

), to be pressed down or depressed, be distressed or wearied, feel tired or exhausted

etc.: Causal P. khedayati- (rarely A1.

), to press down, molest, disturb, make tired or exhausted

(varia lectio)

; ([ confer, compare Greek ?])

kland

(see krand-) cl.1 P. klandati- to call

; to lament, weep

; A1. klandate- (varia lectio kladate-,fr. klad-), to be confounded or troubled

; to sound

; ([ see .])

klind

cl.1 P. A1. klindati-, te-, to lament

(see kland-.)

krand

cl.1 P. A1. kr/andati-, krandate- (varia lectio kradate-fr. krad-

; subjunctive kr/andat-; imperfect tense krandat-and /akrandat-; Aorist 2. sg. kradas-, cakradas-,and /akrān-,3. sg. akrān-and /akrān-; akrandīt-

; parasmE-pada kr/andat-), to neigh (as a horse), roar (metaphorically applied to the clouds and to wind and water)

; to creak (as a wheel)

; to sound, make a noise

; to cry piteously, weep, lament, grieve, be confused with sorrow

etc. ; to call out piteously to any one (accusative)

(perf. cakranda-)

: Causal krandayati- (Aorist /acikradat-,3. plural dan-), to cause to roar

; to cause to weep or lament

; to roar, rave

; to neigh after (accusative)

: Intensive P. k/anikrantti- (A1. ntte-

; parasmE-pada k/anikradat-,once k/anikrat-

; parasmE-pada A1. kanikrady/amana-

) , to neigh, roar, rave, cry out

; to creak, crackle

; ([ confer, compare Gothic gre1ta,"to lament."])

kṣema

m. basis, foundation

kṣetrarakṣa

m. a man employed to guard fields from depredation

kṣud

cl.1 P. kṣ/odati-, to strike against, shake

(

) ; A1. to move, be agitated or shaken

: cl.7 P. A1. kṣuṇatti-, kṣuntte- (imperfect tense akṣuṇat-; Aorist 3. plural akṣautsur-; future kṣotsyati-

), to stamp or trample upon

: Causal kṣodayati- (imperfect tense /akṣodayat-), to shake or agitate by stamping

; to crush, pound, pulverise

; (Nom. P.fr. kṣudr/a-) to reduce, diminish

; ([ confer, compare Greek , for, ; Lithuanian skausti ?])

kṣviḍ

(or 1. kṣvid-) cl.1 P. kṣveḍati- (

; Potential ḍet-

; pr. p. ḍat-

; kṣvedati-

), to utter an inarticulate sound, hum, murmur, growl, roar, hiss, whistle, rattle: Causal P. kṣveḍayati- idem or 'f. ("red-mouthed monkey"Scholiast or Commentator) '

kula

n. a race, family, community, tribe, caste, set, company (exempli gratia, 'for example' brāhmaṇa-k-,the caste of the Brahmans

; padātīnāṃ kula-,infantry

)

kūrca

mn. false praise, unmerited commendation either of one's self or another person, boasting, flattery

kūrd

cl.1 P. A1. kūrdati-, te- (perf. cukūrda-

; Aorist akūrdiṣṭa-

), to leap, jump

: A1. kūrdate-, to play

kuṭumbaukas

n. apartments etc. appropriated to the accommodation of relations, etc.

lāṅgalakamārga

m. "plough-path", a furrow

(see lāṅgala-paddhati-).

lava

m. anything cut off, a section, fragment, piece, particle, bit, little piece ( lavam am- ind.a little; lavam api-,even a little)

etc. (see padāti-l-)

lokānuvṛtti

f. accommodating one's self to other, dependence on others

mad

(confer, compare mand-) cl.4 P. (

) m/ādyati- (Epic also te-; Vedic or Veda alsocl.1. P. A1. madati-, te-;cl.3. P. mam/atti-, ttu-, mam/adat-, /amamaduḥ-; Vedic or Veda imperative m/atsi-, sva-; perfect tense mam/āda-; Aorist amādiṣuḥ-, amatsuḥ-, amatta-; subjunctive m/atsati-, sat-; future maditā-, madiṣyati- grammar; Vedic or Veda infinitive mood maditos-), to rejoice, be glad, exult, delight or revel in (instrumental case genitive case locative case,rarely accusative), be drunk (also figuratively) with (instrumental case)

etc. ; to enjoy heavenly bliss (said of gods and deceased ancestors)

; to boil, bubble (as water)

; to gladden, exhilarate, intoxicate, animate, inspire

: Causal mād/ayati-, te- (

; Aorist /amīmadat-or amamadat-; Vedic or Veda infinitive mood maday/adhyai-), to gladden, delight, satisfy, exhilarate, intoxicate, inflame, inspire

etc. ; (A1.) to be glad, rejoice, be pleased or happy or at ease

; (A1.) to enjoy heavenly bliss

: Desiderative mimadiṣati- grammar : Intensive māmadyate-, māmatti-

([Perhaps originally "to be moist"; confer, compare Greek ; Latin madere.])

madadurdina

n. large exudation of temple-juice

mānāpya

n. temporary degradation of a monk

manoghna

mfn. intimidating the mind

manojava

m. of a son of medhātithi-

mata

n. commendation, approbation, sanction

mātra

mf(ā-and ī-)n. being nothing but, simply or merely (see padāti--, manuṣya-m-;after a pp. = scarcely, as soon as, merely, just exempli gratia, 'for example' jāta-m-,scarcely or just born

; kṛṣṭa-m-,merely ploughed

; bhukta-mātre-,immediately after eating

)

midh

or medh- cl.1 P. A1. medhati-, te-, equals mith-

modakikā

f. a sweetmeat (only in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' after numerals, exempli gratia, 'for example' dvi-modakikāṃ dadāti-,he gives always two sweetmeats)

Va1rtt. 1

mṛd

(confer, compare mrad-and mṛḍ-) cl.9 P. mṛdnāti- (cl.1. P. A1. m/ardati-, te-

; confer, compare

; perfect tense P. mamarda-,3. plural mamṛduh-.or mamarduḥ- A1. mamṛde-

; Aorist, amaradīt- grammar; future, mardiṣyati-, te-

; infinitive mood marditum-

; tos-

; -mrad/e-

; ind.p., mriditvā-

; m/ṛdya-

etc.; -mardam-

), to press, squeeze, crush, pound, smash, trample down, tread upon, destroy, waste, ravage, kill, slay

etc. ; to rub, stroke, wipe (exempli gratia, 'for example' the forehead)

; to rub into, mingle with (instrumental case)

; to rub against, touch, pass through (a constellation)

; to overcome, surpass

: Causal mardayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist amīmridat-or amamardat-), to press or squeeze hard, crush, break, trample down, oppress, torment, plague, destroy, kill

etc. ; to rub

; to cause to be trampled down

: Desiderative mimardiṣati-, to desire to crush or pound

Intensive marmartti- (only imperative ttu-

), to crush, grind down, destroy ; marīmartti- and marimṛdyate- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek and under mṛdu-.])

mṛdh

cl.1 P. A1. (

) m/ardhati-, te- (Vedic or Veda also cl.6 P. A1. mṛdhati-, te-; Aorist mardhīs-, mardhiṣ/at-

; Potential mṛdhyās-

), to neglect, forsake, abandon

; to be moist or moisten or (undane-), Dhstup.

mūla

n. basis, foundation, cause, origin, commencement, beginning (mūlād ārabhya-or ā- mūlāt-,from the beginning; mūlāt-,from the bottom, thoroughly; mūlaṃ- kramataś ca-,right through from beginning

)

etc. (in the beginning of a compound =chief principal see below; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' = rooted in, based upon, derived from)

mūlasthāna

n. foundation, base

mūlatva

n. the state of being a root or foundation or source, the having a foundation (tan-mūlatvāt- prajānāṃ rājā skandhaḥ-,"the king is the stem of his subjects through their being his root"; veda-mūlatva-,"the fact that the veda- is the original source of all knowledge"; śāstra-m-,"the being founded upon the śāstra-s")

(see tan-m-).

nad

cl.1 P. (

) n/adati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense nanāda-, nedur-, nedire-

; Aorist anādīt- grammar; future nadiṣyati-, ditā-

) to sound, thunder, roar, cry, howl etc. (also with nād/am-, śabdam-, svanam-etc.)

etc. etc.: Passive voice nadyate-

: Causal nad/ayati-, te-, to make resound or vibrate

; nādayati-, te-, to make resonant, fill with noises or cries

etc. ; Aorist anīnadat- grammar ; Passive voice nādyate-

: Desiderative ninadiṣati- grammar : Intensive 3. plural n/ānadati-, parasmE-pada n/ānadat-

; 3. sg. nānadyate-, parasmE-pada dyamāna-

to vibrate or sound violently, to roar, howl, cry, neigh etc.

nand

cl.1 P. (

) n/andati-, Epic also te- (perfect tense nananda-

; future nandiṣyate-

, diṣyati-and ditā- grammar; Aorist anandīt-; infinitive mood nanditum-

) to rejoice, delight, to be pleased or satisfied with, be glad of (instrumental case,rarely ablative)

etc. etc.: Passive voice nandyate-

etc.: Causal nandayati-, te- Aorist ananandat-, to make glad, gladden

etc.: Desiderative ninandiṣati- grammar : Intensive nānandyate-

nard

cl.1 P. (

) nardati- (Epic also te-; perfect tense nanarda-

; Aorist anardīt- grammar; anardiṣur-

; future nardiṣyati-, ditā- grammar; infinitive mood narditum-

; ind.p. -nardam-

) to bellow, roar, shriek, sound

etc. etc. ; to go, move grammar : Causal -nardayati-

navana

n. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) the act of praising, laudation

ned

cl.1 P. nedati-, to go, flow (see ati-ned-and

), to censure, blame

(see 1. nid-and nind-) ; to be near

(prob. an artificial meaning to explain nediṣṭha-etc.)

nema

m. the foundation of a wall (see nem/i-)

nemi

f. the foundation of a wall

(see nema-)

nemicakra

m. a prince descended from parī-kṣit- (said to have removed the capital of India to kauśāmbi- after the inundation of hāstina-pura-)

nibandhana

n. cause, origin, basis, foundation

etc. (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' = supported by, fastened to, based or dependent on, connected with, relating to)

nibudh

P. -bodhati- (Aorist -b/odhiṣat-

), to learn or hear anything (accusative) from any one (genitive case,rarely sakāśāt-), to attend or listen to (especially imperative nibodha-, dhata-;rarely dhasva-, dhadhvam-) ; to know, understand, consider as (often with double accusative)

etc.: Causal -bodhayati-, to cause to know or learn, to inform, tell

nidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put or lay down, deposit, lay up, preserve (A1.for one's self) ; to intrust, commit, present to (dative case or locative case) ; put into, fix in (locative case,or locative case with ant/ar-,or antar- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound')

etc. ; put or lay before a person (dative case)

; (with bhūmau-[

]or avaṭe-[

]) to bury ; (with śirasi-,rarely sā-) to esteem highly

; (with dṛśam-) to fix the eyes upon (locative case)

; (with manas-) to fix or direct the thoughts upon or towards id est resolve, determine to (dative case)

; (with manasi-, sā-,or hṛdaye-) to keep in mind, bear in mind, remember, lay to heart

; (with hṛdayam-) to give one's heart to (locative case) ; (with ātmānam-) to intrust one's self to (locative case)

; (with kriyām-) to take pains with (locative case)

; (with karmaṇi-) to appoint a person to a work

; to keep down, restrain

; to end, close

: Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be put or laid down etc. ; to be contained or situated or absorbed in, to rest in (locative case)

etc. etc.: Causal -dhāpayati-, to cause to be put or laid down etc.

; to cause to be deposited or preserved

; to lay up, preserve

; to appoint

: Desiderative -dhitsate-, to intend to put down etc.

: Intensive n/idedhyat- (?) , to settle down

nigad

P. -gadati-, (Aorist ny-agadīt-

), to recite, proclaim, announce, declare, tell, speak

etc. ; to speak to, address (accusative), to say anything (accusative) to (accusative)

; to enumerate, cite, quote

; to call (especially Passive voice -gadyate-,to be called or named)

etc.: Causal -gādayati-, to cause to recite

: Intensive -jāgadyate-, (with pass. meaning) to assert firmly or repeatedly

niḥṣidh

(2 sidh-) P. -ṣedhati- (

Va1rtt. 1

), to frighten away

nīkāra

m. (1. kṝ-) disrespect, contempt, degradation

nikrand

cl.1 P. -krandati-, (Aorist ny-akrandīt-), to cry from above (as a bird on a tree)

: Causal -krandayati-, to cause to roar

ninad

P. -nadati-, to sound, cry out, resound

etc.: Causal -nādayati-, to cause to sound or resound, fill with noise or cries etc.

ninard

P. -nardati-, to sound, prolong a note in chanting, slur or trill

(see ava-nard-): Causal -nardayati-

nind

or nid- cl.1 P. n/indati-, Epic also te- (the form nid-only in 3. plural perfect tense ninid/us-,in the Desiderative and in some deriv.See under 1. nid-and ninits/u-below; perfect tense nininda-

; Aorist /anindiṣur-

; n/indiṣat-

; Potential nindyāt-

; future nindiṣyati-

; ninditā-

; ind.p. -nindya-

), to blame, censure, revile, despise, ridicule

etc. etc.: Desiderative n/initsati-, te-, to wish to blame etc.

[ confer, compare Greek .]

nirādhā

-dadhāti-, to take out of, take away

nirard

P. -ardati-, to stream forth

niravado

P. -dāti-, or -dyati- (ind.p. -dāya-), to distribute or divide completely, give any one his share, appease or satisfy with (double accusative)

nirdhā

P. -dadhāti-, to take or find out

nirṇud

( nud-) P. -ṇudati- (wrong reading nud-) to push out, drive away, reject, repudiate

nirvad

P. A1. -vadati-, te- (Aorist -avādiṣam-, -vādiṣṭam-), to order off, warn off, expel or drive away

; to speak out, utter

; to abuse, revile

; to deny

nirvid

P. -vindati-, (A1. -vide- ind.p. -vidya-), to find out

(A1.) to get rid of, do away with (genitive case or accusative)

: Passive voice -vidyate-, to be despondent or depressed, be disgusted with (ablative or instrumental case,rarely accusative)

etc.: Causal -vedayati-, to cause despair

niryāsa

m. (n. gaRa ardharcādi-; yas-) exudation of trees or plants, juice, resin, milk (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).)

etc.

niṣad

( sad-) P. -ṣīdati-, Ved. also -ṣadati- (imperfect tense ny-aṣīdat-,or ny-asīdat-;Ved. also -asadat-; perfect tense P. -ṣasāda-, -ṣedur- A1. -ṣedire-

etc.; Aorist P. -ṣatsi-, -ṣatsat-; Passive voice ny-asādi-

; ind.p. -ṣadya-

;Ved. infinitive mood -ṣ/ade-

;for s-and ṣ- see

), to sit or lie down or rest upon (locative case)

etc. ; to sink or go down (as a ship)

; to be afflicted, suffer pain

; to perform or celebrate by sitting (sattram-)

; (P. A1.) to set, found, establish, appoint

: Causal -ṣādayati-, te- to cause to sit down, set down, appoint

niṣidh

(2 sidh-) P. -ṣedhati- (imperfect tense ny-aṣedhat-; Aorist ny-aṣedhīt-; perfect tense niṣiṣedha-; Passive voice ni-ṣidhyate- imperfect tense ny-aṣidhyata- Aorist ny-aṣedhi-; ind.p. ni-ṣidhya- infinitive mood ni-ṣeddhum-; see

), to drive away

; to ward off, keep back, prevent from (ablative)

etc. ; to forbid, prohibit, object to (accusative)

; to keep down, suppress, outdo, surpass

: Causal -ṣedhayati-, to keep off, prohibit, forbid

; to deny

niṣkhid

P. -khidati- (infinitive mood -kh/idam-

), to loosen, get loose

niṣkrama

m. degradation, loss of caste, inferiority of tribe

nistud

P. -tudati- (Passive voice -tudyate-), to pierce, prick, sting

nuti

f. praise, laudation

nyāsad

P. -sīdati- (perfect tense -sasāda- ind.p. -sadya-), to sit down near or in or upon (locative case or accusative)

pad

cl.1 P. padati- varia lectio for bad-, to stand fast or fixed

pad

cl.4 A1. (

) padyate- (ti-

; Potential padyām-

; imperative patsva-

; perfect tense papāda-

; pede-

; Aorist apadmahi-, dran-

[ subjunctive padāti-

]; apatsi-, patthās-

; preceding padīṣṭ/a-

; future patsyati-

; te-

; pattā- grammar; infinitive mood p/attave-

; tos-, tum-

; -p/adas-

; ind.p. -p/adya-

; -p/ādam-

), to fall, fall down or out, perish

; to go, resort or apply to, participate in (accusative), keep, observe

: Causal pād/ayati-, te-, to cause to fall

(Passive voice pādyate-

; Desiderative pipādayiṣati-

etc.) ; padayate-, to go

: Desiderative pitsate-

: Intensive panīpadyate-

; panīpadīti-

padacandrikā

f. "elucidation of words", Name of several works.

pādāti

m. equals pādāt-

(see padāti-).

pādātika

m. equals pādāt-

(see padāti-).

pādāvika

m. equals pādātika-

paddhaḍī

f. (in music) a kind of composition (prob. Prakrit equals -dhatī-See next)

pāddhata

n. (fr. pad-dhati-) gaRa bhikṣādi-.

parādā

P. -dadāti-, (perfect tense -dadātha- Aorist -dās-, -dāt-[often as subjunctive ], -dur-;Ved. infinitive mood -d/ai-), to give up or over, deliver, throw away

; give in exchange for, barter against (dative case)

; to exclude from

parāvad

P. -vadati-, to warn off or remove by speaking or reciting

paribhavana

n. humiliation, degradation

paribhūtatā

f. humiliation, degradation

paridā

P. A1. -dadāti-, -datte-, (proper 1. plural -dadmasi-

; imperative -dehi-; perfect tense -dadau-, -dade-; ind.p. -dāya-; infinitive mood -dātum-), to give, grant, bestow, surrender, intrust to or deposit with (dative case locative case or genitive case)

etc. etc.: Causal -dāpayati- (ind.p. -dāpya-). to cause to be delivered or given up

paridhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, (perfect tense -dadhur-, -dadhire-; future -dhāsyati-; Aorist -dhāt-, -dhīmahi-; ind.p. -dh/āya-;Ved. infinitive mood p/ari-dhātav/ai-), to lay or put or place or set round

etc. ; to cast round, turn upon (dṛṣṭim-,with locative case

) ; to put on, wear (with or sc. vāsas-), dress

etc. ; surround, envelop, enclose

etc. ; to conclude or close (the recitation of a hymn)

: Causal -dhāpayati- (ind.p. yitvā-

), to cause a person to wrap round or put on (2 accusative)

etc. ; to clothe with (instrumental case)

: Desiderative -dhitsate-, to wish to put on

parigraha

m. root, origin, foundation

parimṛd

P. -mṛdnāti-, -mardati- (Epic also A1. -mardate-), to tread or trample down, crush, grind, wear out

; to rub, stroke

; rub off, wipe away (as tears)

; to excel, surpass

pariṇad

( nad-) P. -ṇadati- to utter loud cries

(-nadya-

prob. wrong reading)

pariṇidhā

(

) P. -dadhāti-, to place or lay round

; ind.p. -ni-dhāya- (l)

parinind

P. -nindati- (or -ṇindati-

), to censure or blame severely

pariniṣad

( sad-) P. -ṣīdati- (3. plural perfect tense A1. -ṣedire- ind.p. -ṣadya-) to sit around

pariṇud

( nud-) P. -ṇudati- to pierce, hurt, wound

pariplava

m. bathing, inundation

pariṣad

( sad-) P. -ṣadati-

; -ṣīdati-

(Calcutta edition also -sīdati-) ; to sit round, besiege, beset

; to suffer damage, be impaired

parisaṃvad

P. -vadati-, to speak together about, agree with regard to (accusative)

pariṣidh

( sidh-) P. -ṣedhati- (imperfect tense pary-aṣedhat-)

: Desiderative -ṣiṣedhayiṣati-,

(see pari-sidh-).

pariṣkand

( skand-) P. -ṣkandati-, or -skandati- (

) , to leap or spring about

: Intensive -caniṣkadat- idem or 'mfn. plural full sixteen '

paritud

P. -tudati-, to trample down, pound, crush

parivad

P. -vadati-, to speak out, speak of or about (accusative)

; (also A1.) to speak ill of, revile, slander, accuse

parivāha

m. the overflowing of a tank, a natural or artificial inundation, a watercourse or drain to carry off excess of water

etc. (see parī-v-)

parivand

P. -vandati-, to praise, celebrate

parivid

P. -vindati-, to find out, ascertain

; to twine, twist round (See below) ; to marry before an elder brother (only Passive voice yayā-[

] or yā-[

] pari-vidyate-,[the woman] with whom such a marriage is contracted).

paryādhā

P. -dadhāti- (imperative 2. plural -dhatta-), to lay round, surround (with fire)

paryavanud

P. -nudati-, to push towards (accusative)

pātitya

n. (fr. patita-) loss of position or caste, degradation

pāyika

m. a foot-soldier, footman (prob. corrupted fr. pādātika-).

plāvana

n. inundation, flood, deluge (see jala-pl-)

plāvita

n. inundation, food, deluge

poṭa

m. ( puṭ-?) the foundation of a house

(see pota-)

pota

m. the foundation of a house

(see poṭa-)

potaka

m. the site or foundation of a house

(see gṛha-p-)

prabudh

A1. -budhyate- (Ved. infinitive mood -b/udhe-), to wake up, wake, awake (intrans.)

etc. ; to expand, open, bloom, blossom

etc. ; P. -bodhati-, to become conscious or aware of know, understand, recognise as (2. accusative)

: Causal -bodhayati-, to wake up, awaken (trans.)

etc. ; to cause to expand or bloom

; to stimulate (by gentle friction),

; to make sensible, cause to know, inform, admonish, persuade, convince

etc. ; to instruct, teach (two accusative)

pracud

P. -codati-, to set in motion, drive on, urge, impel

: Causal -codayati- idem or 'mfn. ( car-) come forth, appeared '

(A1.to hasten, make haste,

)

etc. ; to excite, inspire

; to command, summon, request, demand

etc. ; to announce, make known, proclaim

pracyāvana

n. means of removing or diminishing, a sedative

pradā

P. -dadāti-, rarely A1. -datte-, (Ved. infinitive mood pr/a-dātos-

;irreg. Potential P. -dadet-

), to give away, give, offer, present, grant, bestow

etc. etc. (with or scilicet bhāryām-,to give in marriage;with prativacas-,to grant an answer;with pravṛttim-,to information about an event;with yuddham-,to grant battle;with dvaṃdva-yuddham-,to engage in single combat;with vidyām-,to communicate or impart knowledge;with hutāśanam-,to set fire to) ; to give up, abolish

; to sell (with instrumental case of price)

; to restore (anything lost etc.)

; to pay, discharge (a debt)

; to put or place in (locative case)

: Passive voice -dīyate-, to be given away, be given

etc.: Causal -dāpayati-, to cause to give

etc. ; to compel to give back or to repay

; to cause to put in or to

; to put or place in (locative case)

; (with vastim-), to apply a clyster

: Desiderative -ditsate-, to wish to give in marriage

prādā

(pra-ā--1. dā-) P. -dadāti- (infinitive mood prā-dātum- ind.p. prā-dāya-), to give, bestow

pradīpa

m. a light, lamp, lantern

etc. (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'"the light id est the glory or ornament of " exempli gratia, 'for example' kula-pr- q.v;also in titles of explanatory works = elucidation, explanation, exempli gratia, 'for example' mahābhāṣya-pr-)

prakāśa

m. (figuratively) light, elucidation, explanation (especially at the end of titles of explanatory works exempli gratia, 'for example' kāvya--, tarka--etc.)

prakhād

P. -khādati-, to eat up, devour

prakūrd

P. -kūrdati-, to jump forward, leap about

pramā

f. basis, foundation

pramad

(or mand-) P. (rarely A1.) -madati-, -mandati-, -mādyati- (te-), to enjoy one's self, be joyous, sport, play

; to be careless or negligent, to be indifferent to or heedless about (ablative or locative case)

etc. ; to neglect duty for, idle away time in (locative case)

etc. ; to be thrown into confusion

: Causal P. -mādayati-, to gladden, delight

; A1. -mādayate-, to enjoy, indulge in

praṇad

( nad-) P. -ṇadati- to resound, begin to sound or roar or cry

pranard

P. -nardati-

praṇidhā

(

) P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place in front, cause to precede

; to put down, deposit

; to place in, bring into (locative case)

; to set (a gem) in (locative case)

; to put on, apply

; to touch

; to turn or direct (the eyes or thoughts) upon (locative case)

etc. (with manas-and infinitive mood"to resolve upon"

; scilicet manas-,"to give the whole attention to, reflect, consider"

; ātma praṇidhīyatām-,"one must think"

) ; to send out or employ (a spy or emissary), to spy

; to find out or ascertain anything (accusative) to be (accusative)

praṇigad

(

) P. -ṇigadati-, to speak, say, declare

praṇud

( nud-) P. -ṇudati-, te-, (infinitive mood n/odam-

), to push on, propel, set in motion, drive or scare away

etc. etc.: Causal -ṇodayati- to push or thrust away

; to move, excite

; to press a person to do anything (2 accusative)

prāpaṇa

n. elucidation, explanation

prarad

P. -radati-, to scratch or cut in, dig out (as a channel), mark out (as a path)

prasad

P. -sīdati- (Epic also A1. te-), to fall into the power of (accusative)

; to settle down, grow clear and bright, become placid or tranquil (as the sea or sky, met. applied to the mind)

etc. ; to become clear or distinct

; to become satisfied or pleased or glad, be gracious or kind (with genitive case"to favour";with infinitive mood"to deign to"; imperative often "be so gracious, please")

etc. ; to be successful (as an action)

: Causal -sādayati- (mc. also te-; Passive voice -sādyate-), to make clear, purify

; to make serene, gladden (the heart)

; to render calm, soothe, appease, propitiate, ask a person (accusative) to or for (infinitive mood dative case locative case, arthe-with genitive case,or artham- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound')

prasāda

m. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) clearness, brightness, pellucidness, purity (see ambu-p-),

etc. (Nom. P. sādati-,to be clear or bright.

)

prasaṃdhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to fix or fit (an arrow) to (a bow-string)

prasaṃkhyāna

m. payment, liquidation, a sum of money

(

"a measure to mete out anything")

praśaṃsā

f. praise, commendation, fame, glory (with Buddhists one of the 8 worldly conditions

)

etc. (see aprastuta-p-, strī-p-; wrong reading śaṃśā-)

praseka

m. exudation, resin

prasidh

P. A1. -sedhati-, te-, to drive on

praskand

P. -skandati- (ind.p. -skandya-,or -skadya-), to leap forth or out or up or down

etc. ; to gush forth (as tears)

; to fall into (accusative)

; to fall upon, attack

; to shed, spill

: Causal -skandayati-. to cause to flow (a river;others "to cross")

; to pour out (as an oblation)

prasyand

P. A1. -syandati-, te- (often wrong reading for -spand-), to flow forth, run away, dart, fly

; to drive off (in a carriage)

: Causal -syandayati-, to make flow

prasyandana

n. exudation

pratidā

P. A1. -dadāti-, -datte-, to give back, restore, return

etc. ; to give, offer, present

: Causal -dāpayati-, to cause to be given back or restored

pratidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte- (Ved. infinitive mood pr/ati-dhātave-), to put on or in or near or back, return, restore (locative case or dative case)

; to adjust (an arrow), aim

; to put to the lips (for drinking)

; to put down (the feet), step out

; to offer, present

; to use, employ

; to restrain

; (A1.) to commence, begin, approach

pratigad

P. -gadati-, to speak in return, answer

pratinad

P. -nadati-, to sound back, answer with a cry or shout

etc.: Causal -nādayati-, to cause to resound, make resonant, fill with cries

pratinand

P. -nandati-, to greet cheerfully, salute (also in return), bid welcome or farewell, address kindly, favour, befriend

etc. ; to receive joyfully or thankfully, to accept willingly (with na-,to decline, refuse, reject)

etc.: Causal -nandayati-, to gladden, delight, gratify

pratinard

P. A1. -nardati-, te-, to roar or cry against or after (food), greet or hail with cries

pratinidhā

P. -dadhāti-, to put in the place of another, substitute

; to order, command

; to slight, disregard

pratinigad

P. -gadati-, to speak to, address

; to recite or repeat singly

pratinind

P. -nindati-, to abuse, blame, censure

pratinud

P. A1. -nudati-, te-, to thrust back, repulse, ward off

pratipradā

P. -dadāti-, to give back again

pratirudh

P. A1. -ruṇaddhi-, -runddhe-, or -rundhati-, te-, to check, hinder, prevent, oppose, resist

etc. ; to confine, keep back, shut off

; to cover, conceal

pratisad

P. -sīdati- (

) , to start back, abhor

pratisamādhā

P. -dadhāti-, to put back again, replace, re-arrange, restore

; to redress, correct (an error)

pratisaṃdhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, (P.) to put together again, re-arrange

; (A1.) to put on, adjust (an arrow)

; (A.) to return, reply

; (P. A1.) to remember, recollect

; (A1.) to comprehend, understand

pratiṣidh

(2 sidh-) P. -ṣedhati- (Epic also A1. te-), to drive away

; to keep back, ward off, prevent, restrain from (ablative)

etc. ; to forbid, prohibit, disallow

etc.: Causal -ṣedhayati-, to keep back, prevent, restrain

etc. ; to prohibit, interdict

; to deny

pratiṣṭhā

f. a standpoint, resting-place, ground, base, foundation, prop, stay, support

etc.

pratiṣṭhāna

n. a firm standing-place, ground, foundation

etc.

pratiṣṭhāna

n. the foundation (others"consecration") of a city

pratiṣṭhāpana

n. (especially) the erection or consecration of the image of a deity

( pratiṣṭhāpanapaddhati -paddhati- f.Name of work)

pratiṣṭhātva

n. the being a basis or foundation

pratiṣṭhāvat

mfn. having a foundation or support

pratiṣṭhikā

f. a basis, foundation

prativad

P. -vadati-, to speak to (acc)

; to speak back, answer, reply to (accusative)

etc. ; to repeat

: Intens.p. -vāvadat- (mfn.) contradicting

prativid

P. A1. -vindati-, te-, to find in addition

; (A1. parasmE-pada -vidāna-) to be opposite to (accusative)

; to become acquainted with (accusative)

pratividhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to dispose, arrange, prepare, make ready

; to despatch (spies)

; to counteract, act against (genitive case)

; to contradict a conclusion

prativinud

P. -nudati-, to get rid of.

pratud

P. -tudati-, to strike at, cut through, pierce

: Causal -todayati-, to push on, urge, instigate

pratyabhidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to take or draw back, re-absorb

; (A1.) to reply, answer

pratyabhinand

P. -nandati-, to greet in return, return a salutation

; to bid welcome

(varia lectio for abhi-n-).

pratyabhivad

P. -vadati-, to return a salute, greet in return

: Causal A1. -vādayate- idem or 'n. ( likh-) a counter document, a document brought forward by the opposing party '

pratyāsad

P. -sīdati-, to be near or close at hand

; to wait for, expect

pratyavadhā

P. -dadhāti-, to put in again

pratyavasad

P. -sīdati-, to sink down, perish

pratyāyana

n. elucidation, explanation, demonstration

pratyupadhā

P. -dadhāti-, to put or place upon, cover

pratyutsad

P. -sīdati-, to resort to (accusative)

pravad

P. A1. -vadati-, te- (Ved. infinitive mood pr/a-vaditos-), to speak out, pronounce, proclaim, declare, utter, say, tell

etc. ; to speak to (accusative)

; to raise the voice (said of birds and animals)

; to roar, splash (said of water)

; (see a-pravadat-) to assert, affirm, state

; to pronounce to be, call, name (2 accusative)

etc. ; to offer for sale (with instrumental case of price)

(varia lectio): Causal -vādayati-, to cause to sound, play (with accusative of the instrument)

etc. ; (without an object) to play, make music

(also -vādyati-,with act. meaning

) .

pravid

P. A1. -vindati-, te-, to find, find out, invent

; to anticipate

: Intensive -vevidīti-, to attain, partake of (accusative)

pravidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place apart, divide

; (A1.) to meditate, think upon

; to place in front, put at the head, pay attention to

pravṛdh

P. -vardhati-, to exalt, magnify.

; A1. -vardhate- (rarely P. ti-), to grow up, grow, increase, gain in strength, prosper, thrive

etc. etc.: Causal -vardhayati-, te-, to strengthen, increase, augment, extend

etc. ; to raise, exalt, cause to thrive

; to rear, cherish, bring up

pravṛtti

f. the exudation from the temples of a rutting elephant

(see

)

pronnad

(pra-ud-nad-) P. -nadati-, to roar out, roar

puravāstu

n. ground suitable for the foundation of a city

purodhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, (A1.) to place before or at the head, to appoint (especially to priestly functions), charge, commission

etc. ; to propose (as a prize)

; (P.) to place foremost, value highly, esteem, honour, be intent upon or zealous for, take to heart

puṣpaniryāsa

m. exudation or juice of flower

puṣpaniryāsaka

m. exudation or juice of flower

rad

cl.1 P. (

) r/adati- (rarely A1. te-;Ved. imperative ratsi-; perfect tense rar/āda-

; Aorist arādīt- grammar; future raditā-, diṣyati-

), to scratch, scrape, gnaw, bite, rend, dig, break, split, divide

; to cut, open (a road or path)

; to lead (a river) into a channel

; to convey to, bestow on, give, dispense

[ confer, compare Latin rad-o,rod-o; English rat.]

rādh

(confer, compare ṛdh-and radh-) cl.5.4. P. (

) rādhn/oti- rādhyati- (Vedic or Veda also proper rādhati-and r/ādhyate-; perfect tense rar/ādha-

etc. etc. [2. sg. rarādhitha-or redhita-, confer, compare

]; Aorist, arātsīt-, rādhiṣi-

; preceding rādhyāsam-

; future rāddhā- grammar; rātsyati-

; ind.p. rāddhv/ā-, -rādhya-

), to succeed (said of things), be accomplished or finished

; to succeed (said of persons), be successful with (instrumental case), thrive, prosper

; to be ready for, submit to (dative case)

; to be fit for, partake of, attain to (dative case or locative case),

; (rādhyati-) to prophesy to (dative case)

; to accomplish, perform, achieve, make ready, prepare, carry out

; to hit, get at (accusative)

; to propitiate, conciliate, gratify

; to hurt, injure, destroy, exterminate

(confer, compare

) : Passive voice rādhyate- (Aorist /arādhi-), to be conciliated or satisfied

(confer, compare rādhyate-above) : Causal rādh/ayati- (Aorist arīradhat-

; Passive voice rādhyate-

), to accomplish, perform, prepare, make ready

etc. ; to make favourable, propitiate, satisfy

: Desiderative of Causal rirādhayiṣati-

: Desiderative rirātsati- or -ritsati-

Va1rtt. 1

: Intensive rārādhyate-, rārāddhi- grammar ([ confer, compare iradh-; Gothic gare7dan,rathjo1; Slavonic or Slavonian raditi.])

rahasyeṣṭi

f. (and rahasyeṣṭipaddhati ṭi-paddhati- f.) Name of work

rājayakṣmanāman

m. Name of a particular mythical being (said to be connected with the foundation of a house)

rājayakṣmannāman

m. Name of a particular mythical being (said to be connected with the foundation of a house)

rāmapūjāsaraṇi

f. Name of work (equals rāma-paddhati-)

rud

(confer, compare 1. ru-) cl.2 P. (

; confer, compare

) roditi- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also rudati-, te-and rodati-, te-; perfect tense ruroda-, rurude-

; Aorist /arudat-

etc.; arodīt-, diṣuḥ- grammar; araudiṣīt-

; future roditā- grammar; rodiṣyati-

; infinitive mood roditum-

; ind.p. ruditvā-or roditvā-

; -rudya-

), to weep, cry, howl, roar, lament, wail

etc. ; to bewail, deplore

: Passive voice rudyate- (Aorist arodi-; rudyamāne-,"while weeping is heard"

) : Causal rod/ayati- (Aorist arūrudat-), to cause to weep or lament

etc. etc.: Desiderative rurudiṣati- grammar (confer, compare rurudiṣā-, ṣu-): Intensive rorudyate-, rorotti- (parasmE-pada rorudyamāna-, rorudat-)

[ confer, compare Latin rudere; Lithuanian ru4dis,rauda4,raudo4ti; Anglo-Saxon reo4tan.]

rudh

(see 1. ruh-,of which this seems to be only another form) cl.1 P. r/odhati-, to sprout, shoot, grow (only r/odhati-

;and vir/odhat-,

; according to to some also parasmE-pada rudhat-,

nad/asya rudhat/aḥ k/āmaḥ-,"the desire of the growing reed" id est of the membrum virile;others,"of the husband who keeps me away", from 2. rudh-; see also nada-).

rudh

cl.7 P. A1. (

) ruṇ/addhi-, runddh/e- (1. plural -rudhmas-

; rundhati-, te-

etc.; rodhati-

perfect tense rurodha-, rurudhe-

etc.; rurundhatuḥ-

; Aorist araut-

; arautsīt-

etc.; rotsīs-

; arutsi-, aruddha-

; arautsi-

; arodham-

; arudhma-

; parasmE-pada rudh/at- see 1. rudh-; arudhat-

etc.; preceding rudhyāt-

; future roddhā- grammar; rotsyati-, te-

etc. infinitive mood roddhum-or rodhitum-

; roddhos-

; ind.p. ruddhvā-

etc.; -r/udhya-

etc.; -rundhya-

; -r/udham-

; -r/undham-

; -rodham-

), to obstruct, check, arrest, stop, restrain, prevent, keep back, withhold

(always with na-), etc. ; to avert, keep off, repel

(see rudhat-under1. rudh-) ; to shut, lock up, confine in (locative case)

etc. (according to to

also with double accusative) ; to besiege, blockade, invest

etc. ; to close, block up (a path)

; to cover, conceal, veil, obscure

etc. ; to stop up, fill

; to lay (dust)

; to touch, move (the heart)

; to torment, harass

; to lose, be deprived of (accusative)

; to tear, rend asunder (?)

: Causal rodhayati- (Epic also te-and rundhayati-; Aorist arūrudhat-; Passive voice rodhyate-), to stop, arrest

; to cause to be confined by (accusative)

; to cause to be besieged by (instrumental case)

; to close (with a cover or lid)

; to fetter, enchain, influence

; to oppress, torment, harass

: Desiderative rorutsate- (

), ti- (

), to wish to obstruct etc.: Intensive rorudhyate-, roroddhi-, to obstruct intensely or repeatedly etc. grammar (only rorudhaḥ-

)

rudravidhāna

n. Name of work (and rudravidhānapaddhati -paddhati- f.)

śabdaliṅgārthacandrikā

f. "elucidation of the gender and meaning of words", Name of a lexicon.

sabhā

f. a house for lodging and accommodating travellers

; an eating-house (See mahā-s-). ([ confer, compare Gothic sibja; German sippa,Sippe; Anglo-Saxon sibb; English god-sib,gossip.])

sad

cl.1. or cl.6. P. (

) sīdati- (Epic also te-;Ved. s/adati-or s/īdati-, te-; perfect tense sas/āda-, sas/attha-, sed/us-, sedir/e-

; sīdatus-

; sasadyāt-.

; Aorist asadat-[ confer, compare present tense stem-] grammar;2. 3. sg. s/atsi-, s/atsat-

; asādīt-

; future sattā- grammar; satsyati-

; sīdiṣyati-

; infinitive mood s/ade-

; sattum-

; sīditum-

; ind.p. -s/adya-, -s/adam-

; -sādam-

), to sit down (especially at a sacrifice), sit upon or in or at (accusative or locative case)

; to sit down before, besiege, lie in wait for, watch (accusative)

; to sink down, sink into despondency or distress, become faint or wearied or dejected or low-spirited, despond, despair, pine or waste away, perish

etc. : Passive voice sadyate- (Aorist asādi-, sādi-

) : Causal sād/ayati-, te- (Aorist asīṣadat-), to cause to sit down or be seated, place down, put upon or in (locative case)

etc. ; to put in distress, afflict, weary, exhaust, ruin, destroy

etc.: Desiderative siṣatsati- grammar : Intensive sāsadyate- (grammar also sāsatti-), to sit down in an indecent posture

[ confer, compare Greek for ; Latin sidere,sedere; Lithuanian se4sti,sede4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian se8sti; Gothic sitan; German sitzen; Anglo-Saxon sittan; English sit.]

sādh

(connected with2. sidh-) cl.1 P. A1. s/ādati-, te- ; according to to

, cl.4. sādhyati-, cl.5. sādhnoti- (in

also sadhnoti-; perfect tense sasādha-; Aorist asātsīt-; future sāddhā-, sātsyati-; infinitive mood sāddhum-,in later language sādhitum-;Ved. infinitive mood s/adhase- q.v), to go straight to any goal or aim, attain an object, to be successful, succeed, prosper

; to bring straight to an object or end, further, promote, advance, accomplish, complete, finish

; to submit or agree to, obey

; (sādhyati-) to be completed or accomplished

: Causal sādhayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist asīṣadhat-;Ved. also sīṣadhati-, dhaḥ-, dhema-, dhātu-; Passive voice sādhyate-

etc.), to straighten, make straight (a path)

; to guide straight or well, direct or bring to a goal

; to master, subdue, overpower, conquer, win, win over

etc. ; to summon, conjure up (a god or spirit)

; (in law) to enforce payment, recover (a debt), collect (taxes)

etc. ; to subdue a disease, set right, heal, cure

; to bring to an end or conclusion, complete, make perfect, bring about, accomplish, effect, fulfil, execute, practice (with vākyam-,"to execute any one's [ genitive case ] order";with naiṣkarmyam-,"to practise inactivity";with marum-,"to practise abstinence";with mantram-,"to practise the recitation of spells")

etc. ; to attain one's object, be successful

; to produce, make, render (two accusative)

; to establish a truth, substantiate, prove, demonstrate

; to make ready, prepare

; to gain, obtain, acquire, procure

etc. ; to find out (by calculation),

; to grant, bestow, yield

etc. ; to put or place in (locative case)

; to set out, proceed, go (in dramatic language according to to

= gam-)

etc.: Desiderative of Causal siṣādhayisati- or sisādhayirhati-, to desire to establish or prove

: Desiderative siṣātsati- grammar : Intensive , sāsādhyate-, sāsdidhi-

sādhāra

mfn. having a support or basis or foundation

(see niḥ--and bahu-s-).

sādhiṣṭhāna

mfn. having a solid basis, possessing a firm foundation

saharṣasādhvasam

ind. with joy and (yet) trepidation

sāhityaśārṅgadhara

m. (prob.) = śārṅgadharapaddhati-.

śailaniryāsa

m. "rock-exudation" idem or 'n. a kind of mineral resin '

sakalīvidhā

P. -dadhāti- idem or 'P. -karoti-, to make full, complete '

śālaniryāsa

m. the resinous exudation of the Sal tree

salilabhaya

n. danger from water, inundation

salilabhayadāyin

mfn. causing inundation

salilopaplava

m. "a flood of water", inundation

samabhidhā

p. -dadhāti-, to speak to, address (accusative)

; to proclaim, announce

; to direct all one's thoughts to (accusative)

samabhinand

P. -nandati-, to rejoice together with (See next) ; to greet, salute

samabhisaṃdhā

cl.1. P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place or put into (locative case)

; to aim at, strive after, determine on (accusative)

samādā

P. A1. -dadāti-, -datte-, (P.) to give, bestow, present

; to give back, restore

; (A1.) to take away fully or entirely, take away with one, accept, receive

etc. ; to take out or away, remove, with draw

; to take hold of. grasp, seize

; to gather, collect

; to apprehend, perceive, comprehend, find out

; to take to heart, reflect on

; to undertake, begin (with vacanam-,or vākyam-,"a speech")

: Causal -dāpayati-, to establish

; to instigate (See sam-ādāpaka-etc.)

samādhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place or put or hold or fix together

etc. ; to compose, set right, repair, put in order, arrange, redress, restore

; to put to, add, put on (especially fuel on the fire)

; to kindle, stir (fire)

; to place, set, lay, fix, direct, settle, adjust (with astram-,"to adjust an arrow";with garbham-,"to impregnate";with savituḥ-,"to lay in the sun";with dṛṣṭim-, cittam-, cetas-, matim-, manas-,"to direct or fix the eyes or mind upon [ locative case ]";with matim-,"to settle in one's mind, resolve","make up one's mind"[followed by iti-];with ātmānam-,or manas-,"to collect the thoughts or concentrate the mind in meditation etc.";without an accusative - "to be absorbed in meditation or prayer")

etc. ; to impose upon (locative case)

; to entrust or commit to (locative case)

; to establish in (locative case)

; to effect, cause, produce

; (in the following meanings only A1.) to take to or upon one's self. conceive (in the womb), put on (a garment or dress), assume (a shape), undergo (effort), show, exhibit, display

etc. ; to devote one's self entirely to, give one's self up to (accusative)

etc. (once in

P.) ; to lay down as settled, settle, establish, prove, declare,

; to admit, grant

: Desiderative -dhitsati-, to wish to put together, desire to collect the thoughts

samākrand

P. A1. -krandati-, te-, to cry out together, cry or lament piteously

śāmana

n. a sedative

śamanīya

n. a sedative

samāsad

P. -sīdati-, to be take one's self to, come near to, approach or advance to, reach, arrive at (accusative)

etc. ; to meet, encounter (either in a friendly or hostile manner), attack, assail

; to attain, obtain, meet with, find, recover

: Causal -sādayati- (ind.p. -sādya- q.v), to come to, to approach, advance to, arrive at, fall or get into, reach, attain, incur

etc. ; meet, encounter (a friend or enemy), attack, assail

; to hit (as an arrow)

; to accrue to (accusative)

samāskand

P. -skandati-, to assail, attack

samāvad

P. -vadati-, to speak with certainty, state, declare

samavadhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to lay or put together

samavado

(or3. dā-) P. -dāti-, or -dyati- (3. plural perfect tense A1. -dadire-), to divide and put together piece by piece

samavarudh

P. -ruṇaddhi- (Epic also -rundhati-), to shut up, enclose, confine

: Passive voice -rudhyate-, to be enclosed or contained in (locative case)

; to be shut out of. be deprived of.

saṃdā

P. A1. -dadāti-, -datte-, to give together, present, grant, bestow

; to hold together

; (A1.or Passive voice) to meet

saṃdā

(or do-) P. -dāti-, or -dyati-, to cut together, gather by or after cutting (as the sacrificial grass)

; to cut, divide

saṃdhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte- (Epic 1. plural proper -dadhāmahe- equals -dadhmahe-; pr.p. -dhāna-= -dadhāna-; infinitive mood -dhitum- equals -dhātum-), to place or hold or put or draw or join or fasten or fix or sew together, unite (with akṣīṇi-,"to close the eyes";with vraṇam-,"to heal a wound";with manas-,"to compose the mind";with mitr/a-dhitāni-,"to conclude an alliance";with vācam-,"to hold or interchange conversation"), to combine, connect with (instrumental case)

etc. ; (A1.) to bring together, reconcile

; to be reconciled, agree with (instrumental case,rarely accusative),

etc. ; to mend, restore, redress

etc. ; to lay down on or in (locative case), fix on (especially an arrow on a bow, with instrumental case or with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' dhanuḥ śareṇa-,or śaraṃ dhanuṣi-,"to take aim";generally A1.)

; (A1.) to direct towards (tataḥ-)

; to aim at (?)

; to involve in (locative case)

; to confer on (locative case), grant, yield, bestow (with nāma-and genitive case,"to give a name to"; A1.with śraddhām-and locative case,"to place credence in";with sāhāyyam-,"to afford assistance")

etc. ; to cause, inflict

; (A1.) to be a match for, hold out against (accusative)

; to comprehend

; (A1.) to use, employ (instrumental case)

: Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be put together or joined or connected etc. ; to be placed or held in (locative case)

; to become possessed of (instrumental case)

: Desiderative -dhitsati-, to wish to place or join together, desire to repair

saṃkhād

P. -khādati-, to chew thoroughly, eat up, devour, consume

saṃkhid

P. -khidati-, to press or force together

; to drag or tear away

saṃkīrṇa

mfn. sprinkled (especially with fluid-exudation, as a rutting elephant;but see -nāga-)

saṃkṣud

P. -kṣodati-, to crush together, pound, bruise

sammad

P. A1. -madati-, te-, to rejoice together, rejoice with (instrumental case)

; to rejoice at, delight in (instrumental case)

: Causal -madayati-, te-, to intoxicate, exhilarate

; (A1.) to be completely intoxicated or exhilarated

sammṛd

P. -mṛdnāti-, -mardati- (Ved. infinitive mood -marditoḥ-), to press or squeeze together, rub or grind to pieces, crush, destroy

: Causal -mardayati- (pr. p. -mardayāna-), to cause to be rubbed together, crush, pound, bruise

; to rub

; to clean

saṃnad

P. -nadati-, to cry aloud, sound, roar

: Causal -nādayati-, to cause to resound, fill with noise or cries

; to cry aloud

saṃnard

P. -nardati- (Epic also te-), to roar aloud, bellow

saṃnibudh

P. -bodhati-, to perceive completely or thoroughly

saṃnidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put or place down near together, put down near or into, deposit in (locative case), place or put upon, direct towards (with or without dṛṣṭim-,"to fix the eyes upon";with manas-,or hṛdayam-,"to fix or direct the mind or thoughts")

etc. ; to place together, collect, pile up

; (A1.) to appoint to (locative case)

; (A1.) to be present in, be found with (locative case)

; (A1.or Passive voice -dhīyate-) to be put together in the same place, be near or present or imminent

etc.: Causal -dhāpayati-, to bring near, make present or manifest, represent

: Passive voice of Causal -dhāpyate-, to appear or become manifested in the presence of (genitive case)

saṃniveśa

m. foundation (of a town)

saṃnud

P. -nudati-, to impel or bring together

: Causal -nodayati-, to bring together or near, procure, find

; to push or urge on, impel

; to drive or scare away (?)

(

)

sampradā

P. A1. -dadāti-, -datte-, (ind.p. -dāyam-), to give completely up or deliver wholly over, surrender, give (also in marriage)

etc. ; to transmit, hand down by tradition, impart, teach

; to grant, bestow

: Causal -dāpayati-, to cause to give over or transmit

: Desiderative -ditsati-, to wish to give over

sampradāna

n. (in gram.) one of the six kāraka-s, the idea expressed by the dative case, the recipient to which the agent causes anything so be given (See 1. kāraka-)

samprakṣālana

n. the act of washing entirely away, destruction (of the world) by inundation

sampraṇad

( nad-) P. A1. -ṇadati-, te-, to cry out, cry

: Causal See -ṇādita-.

sampraṇidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to leave behind in (locative case)

; to put aside, disregard

sampraṇud

( nud-) P. A1. nudati-, te- to drive or press forward, urge on, remove or move away from (ablative)

samprasad

P. -sīdati-, to settle down quietly, be soothed, be kindly disposed or gracious towards (genitive case)

etc.: Causal -sādayati-, to appease, propitiate

samprasādana

mfn. (fr. Causal) calming, sedative

sampratinand

P. -nandati-, to greet or welcome gladly (See next) .

sampratiṣidh

(2 sidh-) P. -ṣedhati-, to ward off, keep at a distance

sampravad

P. A1. -vadati-, te- (Ved. infinitive mood -vaditos-), to pronounce aloud

; (P.) to utter cries together, sing together

; (A1.) to talk or converse together

; Causal vādayati- See below.

saṃsad

P. -sīdati- (Ved. also te-and -sadati-), to sit down together with (instrumental case) or upon (accusative), sit down

; to sink down collapse, be discouraged or distressed, pine away (with kṣudhā-,"to perish with hunger")

etc.: Causal -sādayati-, to cause to sit down together

; to meet, encounter (accusative)

; to weigh down, afflict, distress

saṃśamana

n. a sedative

saṃśaṃsā

f. praise, commendation

saṃskand

P. -skandati-, to drip or trickle off

saṃstava

m. praise, commendation (also plural)

saṃtud

P. -tudati-, to strike at, goad, sting

; (with prarohān-) to put forth new sprouts id est recur again and again (as a disease)

samunnad

(-ud-nad-) P. -nadati-, to cry out together, shout out, roar out

samupadhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put together, construct, create, produce

samupasad

P. -sīdati- to go to, approach (accusative)

; to get at, obtain (accusative)

saṃvad

P. A1. -vadati-, te- (ind.p. sam-udya- q.v), (A1.) to speak together or at the same time

; (P.; A1.only mc.) to converse with (instrumental case) or about (locative case)

; (P.) to sound together or in concord (said of musical instruments)

, to agree, accord, consent

; to coincide, fit together (so as to give one sense)

; to speak, speak to, address (accusative)

; to designate, call, name (two accusative)

: Causal -vādayati-, te- (ind.p. -vādya- q.v), to cause to converse with (instrumental case) or about (locative case)

; to invite or call upon to speak,

, (varia lectio) ; to cause to sound, play (a musical instrument)

saṃvarṇana

n. praise, commendation

saṃvidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to dispose, arrange, settle, fix, determine, prescribe

; to direct, order

; to carry on, conduct, manage, attend to, mind

etc. ; to use, employ

; to make use of. act or proceed with (instrumental case)

; (with mānasam-) to keep the mind fixed or composed, be in good spirits

; to make, render (two accusative)

; to set, put, lay, place

: Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be disposed or arranged etc.

: Causal -dhāpayati-, to cause to dispose or manage

sānala

m. the resinous exudation of the Sal tree

śaravāṇi

m. equals pāpiṣṭha- (prob. wrong reading for padāti-).

sārundhatika

mfn. together with arundhatī-

sarvarasa

m. the resinous exudation of the Vatica Robusta

(wrong reading for sarja-r-)

sarvarāsa

m. (see -rasa-above) the resinous exudation of the Vatica Robusta

sasādhvīka

mfn. with arundhatī-

śatikā

f. an amount of a hundred or of several hundreds (according to the numeral prefixed in compound exempli gratia, 'for example' dvi-śatikāṃ dadāti-.he gives an amount or a sum of 200)

satyapratiṣṭhāna

mfn. having truth for a foundation, grounded in truth

ścotana

n. the act of oozing or flowing, exudation (See pra-śc-)

setu

m. a ridge of earth, mound, bank, causeway, dike, dam, bridge, any raised piece of ground separating fields (serving as a boundary or as a passage during inundations)

etc.

sīd

sīdati- See 2. sad-, .

siddhāntapaddhati

f. = siddha-siddhānta-paddhati-.

siddhi

f. settlement, payment, liquidation (of a debt)

sidh

cl.1 P. sedhati-, to go, move

(according to to

the s-of this root is not changed to ṣ-after prepositions; see abhi--and pari-sidh-).

sidh

cl.1 P. (

) s/edhati- (in later language also te-; perfect tense siṣedha-, Epic also siṣidhe-; Aorist asedhīt- grammar also asaitsīt-; future seddhā-or sedhitā- grammar; setsyati-or sedhiṣyati-

etc.; infinitive mood seddhum-

etc.; sedhitum- grammar; ind.p. -s/idhya-

), to drive off, scare away, repel, restrain, hinder

; to punish, chastise

; to ordain, instruct

; to turn out well or auspiciously

: Passive voice sidhyate- (Aorist asedhi-), to be driven or kept off or repelled

etc.: Causal sedhayati- (Aorist asīṣidhat-) grammar : Desiderative of Causal siṣedhayiṣati-

: Desiderative sisedhiṣati-, sisidhiṣati-, siṣitsati-

: Intensive seṣidhyate-, seṣeddhi- (pr. p. -s/eṣidhat-

)

śilājatu

n. "rock-exudation", bitumen

etc.

śilāniryāsa

m. "rock-exudation", bitumen

śilārasa

m. "rock-exudation", olibanum, benzoin, incense

sindhu

m. the exudation from an elephant's temples

skand

(confer, compare skandh-and skund-) cl.1 P. (

) skandati- (mc. also te-; cask/anda-

etc.; caskande-

etc.; Aorist askan-, sk/an-

; /askān-, skān-

; askāntsīt-

; askadat- grammar; preceding skadyāt-

; future skanttā-

; skantsyati-

; infinitive mood skanditum- grammar; -sk/ade-, -sk/adas-

; ind.p. skanttvā- grammar; -sk/andya-or -sk/adya-

; -sk/andam-

), to leap, jump, hop, dart, spring, spurt out, be spilt or effused (especially said of semen)

etc. ; (A1.) to emit seminal fluid

; to leap upon, cover (said of animals)

; to drop, fall down, perish, be lost

: Passive voice skadyate- (perf. caskade-or caskande-; Aorist askandi-) grammar : Causal skandayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist acask/andat-), to cause to jump or leap

(in explaining skanda-) ; to pour out, effuse, shed, spill, emit (especially seminal fluid)

; to omit, neglect

etc. ; to cause to coagulate, thicken

: Desiderative ciskantsati-, grammar : Intensive canīskadyate-, canīskandīti- (grammar), k/aniṣkan-, -caniṣkadat- ; (

), to leap, jump, hop etc. [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin scando,de-scendo;scAlaforscant(s)la.]

ślāghā

f. flattery, praise, commendation

etc. (see

)

smārtarāma

m. Name of the author of the tripurā-paddhati-.

sphuṭabudbuda

Nom. P. sphuṭabudbudati-, to apparently resemble a water-bubble

śraddhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte- (pr. p. śraddadhat-, śrad-d/adhāna-;Ved. infinitive mood śraddh/e- see śr/at-above), to have faith or faithfulness, have belief or confidence, believe, be true or trustful (with na-,"to disbelieve"etc.)

etc. ; to credit, think anything true (two accusative)

etc. ; to believe or have faith in or be true to (with dative case,and in later language with genitive case of thing or person, or with locative case of thing)

etc. ; to expect anything (accusative) from (ablative)

; to consent, assent to, approve, welcome (with accusative;with na-,"to disapprove")

; to be desirous of (accusative), wish to (infinitive mood)

: Causal -dhāpayati-, to make faithful, render trustful, inspire confidence

śṛdh

cl.1 P. A1. (

) ś/ardhati-, te- (pr. p. Vedic or Veda ś/ardhat-and ś/ardhamāna-; grammar also perfect tense śaśṛdhe-; Aorist aśṛdhat-,or aśardhiṣṭa-; future śartsyati-or śardhiṣyate-; infinitive mood śardhitum-; ind.p. śardhitvā-or śṛddhvā-), to break wind downwards (in ava--and vi-śṛdh- q.v) ; to mock at, ridicule, defy (with genitive case)

; to moisten, become moist or wet

: Causal śardhayati- (only in ati-praśardh/ayat-)

: Desiderative śiśardhiṣate-, śiśṛtsati- grammar : Intensive śarīśṛdhyate-, śarīśṛdhīti-, śarīśarddhi-

sridh

cl.1 P. sr/edhati- (Aorist sridhat-, parasmE-pada -sridhāna-; see /a-sredhat-, /a-sridhāna-), to fail, err, blunder

stuti

f. (instrumental case once in

stutinā-,with varia lectio stutibhiḥ-) praise, eulogy, panegyric, commendation, adulation

etc.

śubh

(or 1. śumbh-) cl.1 A1. or cl.6 P. (

) ś/obhate-, śumbh/ati- or ś/umbhati- (Epic also śobhati-,and Vedic or Veda ś/umbhate-;3. sg. ś/obhe-

; perfect tense śuśobha-, śuśubhe-

etc.; śuśumbha- grammar; Aorist, aśubhat-, aśobhiṣṭa-, aśumbhīt-

; parasmE-pada ś/umbhāna-, śubhān/a-

; future śobhitā-or śumbhitā- grammar; śobhiṣyati-

; śumbhiṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood śubh/e-, śobhāse-

; śobhitum- grammar), to beautify, embellish, adorn, beautify one's self. (A1.) look beautiful or handsome, shine, be bright or splendid ; (with iva-or yathā-,"to shine or look like";with na-,"to look bad, have a bad appearance, appear to disadvantage")

etc. ; to prepare, make fit or ready, (A1.) prepare one's self.

; (ś/umbhate- according to to some) to flash or flit id est glide rapidly past or along

(see śubhān/a-, śumbh/amāna-,and pra-śumbh-) ; (śumbhati-) wrongly for śundhati- (to be connected with śudh-,to purify)

; (śumbhati-) to harm, injure

(in this sense rather to be regarded as a second śumbh- see 2. śumbh-, ni-śumbh-): Passive voice Aorist aśobhi-tarām-

: Causal śobhayati- (Aorist aśūśubhat-; see śobhita-), to cause to shine beautify, ornament, decorate

etc. ; (śubh/ayati-, te-) to ornament, decorate, (A1.) decorate one's self.

; (only pr. p. śubh/ayat-), to fly rapidly along

: Desiderative śuśobhiṣate- (according to to grammar also ti-,and śuśubhiṣati-, te-), to wish to prepare or make ready

: Intensive śośubhyate- (grammar also śośobdhi-), to shine brightly or in tensely, be very splendid or beautiful

śubhadantī

f. the female of puṣpa-danta- (elephant of the north-west quarter)

(varia lectio śubha-datī-and śubhra-dantī-)

sūd

(prob. connected with svad-) cl.1 A1. (

) sūdate- (occurring only in the reduplicated forms suṣūdima-

; s/uṣūdati-or dat-

; suṣūd/ata-

; grammar also future sūditā-, diṣyati-), to put or keep in order, guide aright

: Causal or cl.10. (see

) sūd/ayati-, te- (parasmE-pada sūdayāna-

; Aorist asūṣudat-, ta-) idem or 'm. equals su-tr- Name of indra- '

; to manage, arrange, prepare, effect, contrive

; to settle id est put an end to, kill, slay (also inanimate objects)

etc. ; to squeeze, press, destroy

: Desiderative susūdiṣate- grammar : Intensive sosūdyate-, sosūtti-

śudh

or śundh- cl.1 P. A1. (

) śundhati-, te- (imperative śunddhi-

; perfect tense śuśundha- Aorist aśundhīt- future śundhitā-, śundhiṣyati- grammar), to purify (A1."one's self", become or be pure)

; cl.4 P. A1. (

) śudhyati- (mc. also te-; perfect tense śuśodha- Aorist aśudhat- future śoddhā-, śotsyati-, infinitive mood śoddhum- grammar), to be cleared or cleansed or purified, become pure (especially in a ceremonial sense)

etc. ; to become clear or free from doubts

; to be cleared or excused from blame, to be excusable

: Passive voice śudhyate- (Aorist aśodhi-) grammar : Causal śundhayati-, to clear, purify

; śodhayati- (Aorist aśūśudhat-), to purify (especially in a ceremonial sense)

etc. ; to correct, improve

; to remove (impurity or anything noxious)

etc. ; to clear off, pay (debts)

; to acquit, exculpate, justify

; to put to test

; to try, examine

; to make clear, explain

; to subtract

: Desiderative śuśutsati-

: Intensive śośudhyate-, śośoddhi- grammar

sukhodaya

m. Name of a son of medātithi-

suniryāsā

f. "having good exudation or resin", Odina Wodier

sutala

m. the base or foundation of a large building (equals aṭṭālikā-bandha-)

svad

or svād- (prob. fr. 5. su- ad-) cl.1 A1. (

) sv/adate- (Vedic or Veda also P. sv/adati-; perfect tense sasvade-

; sasvāde- grammar; future svāditā-, svādiṣyate-

; Vedic or Veda infinitive mood -s/ude-; ind.p. -svādya-

), to taste well, be sweet or pleasant to (dative case or genitive case)

etc. ; to taste with pleasure, relish, enjoy, like (accusative), delight in (locative case)

; (P.) to make palatable, season

; to make sweet or pleasant or agreeable

; to be pleasant or wholesome

; P. A1. svādati-, te- (confer, compare

), to taste, relish, enjoy (generally varia lectio khād- q.v)

: Causal svad/ayati-, te- (Aorist asiṣvadat-), to make savoury or palatable, sweeten, season, prepare, cook

; to propitiate, conciliate

; svādayati- (confer, compare

), to eat, relish, taste, enjoy

: Desiderative of Causal sisvādayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative sisvādiṣate-

: Intensive sāsvādyate-, sāsvātti-

[ confer, compare Greek ; Latin suadeo,and undersvAdu.]

svād

or svad- (prob. fr. 5. su- ad-) cl.1 A1. (

) sv/adate- (Ved. also P. sv/adati-; perfect tense sasvade-

; sasvāde- grammar; future svāditā-, svādiṣyate-

;Ved. infinitive mood -s/ude-; ind.p. -svādya-

), to taste well, be sweet or pleasant to (dative case or genitive case)

etc. ; to taste with pleasure, relish, enjoy, like (accusative), delight in (locative case)

; (P.) to make palatable, season

; to make sweet or pleasant or agreeable

; to be pleasant or wholesome

; P. A1. svādati-, te- (confer, compare

), to taste, relish, enjoy (generally varia lectio khād- q.v)

: Causal svad/ayati-, te- (Aorist asiṣvadat-), to make savoury or palatable, sweeten, season, prepare, cook

; to propitiate, conciliate

; svādayati- (confer, compare

), to eat, relish, taste, enjoy

: Desiderative of Causal sisvādayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative sisvādiṣate-

: Intensive sāsvādyate-, sāsvātti-

[ confer, compare Greek ; Latin suadeo,and undersvAdu.]

tājaka

n. Name of certain astronomical books translated or derived from translations from the Arabic and Persian (exempli gratia, 'for example' -kalpa-latā-, -keśavī-, -kaustubha-, -cintāmaṇi-, -tantra-, -tilaka-, -dīpaka-, -paddhati-, -bhāva-, -bhūṣaṇa-, -muktāvali-, -yoga-sudhākara-, -ratna-mālā-, -śāśtra-, -sarvasva-sāra-, -sāra-, -sudhā-nidhi-, kālaṃkāra-).

tantuniryāsa

m. "having stringy exudations", the palmyra tree

tāratamya

n. (fr. 1. tara-and 2. tama-) gradation, proportion, difference

tard

(= tṛd-) cl.1 P. rdati-, to injure, kill

tirodhā

-dadhāti- (perfect tense -dadhe-), to set aside, remove, conquer

(also Pass, -dhīyate- Scholiast or Commentator): A1. -dhatte- (perfect tense -dadhe-) to hide one's self from (ablative), disappear

or und- cl.7 P. un/atti- (

) : cl.6 P. undati- (parasmE-pada und/at-

: imperative 3. plural undantu-

) A1. und/ate- (

; undāṃ cakāra-, undiṣyati-etc.

) to flow or issue out, spring (as water) ; to wet, bathe

etc.: Causal (Aorist aundidat-

) : Desiderative undidiṣati-

; ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin unda; Gothic vat-o; Old High German waz-ar; modern English wat-er; Lithuanian wand-u14.])

udard

P. -ardati-, to swell, rise ; to undulate, wave

uddhati

f. a stroke, shaking

(niruddhatis- varia lectio for nir-undhatas-,174 c)

udīpa

m. high water, inundation

udvad

P. -vadati- (infinitive mood /ud-vaditos-

) to raise one's voice, utter, speak, pronounce

: Causal -vādayati-, to cause to proclaim ; to cause to resound

udyudh

P. -yodhati-, to bubble up (as water)

; to fly into a passion, show enmity or hatred against

und

or ud- cl.7 P. un/atti- (

) : cl.6 P. undati- (parasmE-pada und/at-

: imperative 3. plural undantu-

) A1. und/ate- (

; undāṃ cakāra-, undiṣyati-etc.

) to flow or issue out, spring (as water) ; to wet, bathe

etc.: Causal (Aorist aundidat-

) : Desiderative undidiṣati-

; ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin unda; Gothic vat-o; Old High German waz-ar; modern English wat-er; Lithuanian wand-u14.])

unmṛd

(ud-mṛd-) P. -mṛdati-, to rub, mash together, mingle

: Causal -mardayati-, to rub (the body).

unnad

(ud-nad-) P. -nadati-, to cry out, roar, make a noise

upadā

P. -dadāti-, to give in addition, add ; to give, grant, offer

; to take upon one's self: Passive voice (irregular parasmE-pada -dady/amāna-) to be offered or granted (as protection)

upadhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place or lay upon, place near to, put on or into ; to place, lay, put

etc. ; to put to, yoke (horses)

; to give or make over, hand over (knowledge), teach

; to impose, lay upon, commit, consign

; to place under one's self, lie down upon

; to place in addition, add, connect

etc. ; to communicate, cause to share in ; to use, employ ; (in grammar) to lie or be placed close to, precede without the intervention of another syllable

etc. ; to cause to rest upon or depend on

upādhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to place upon, put on

; to seize, lay hold of, take up

; to keep, hold back

; to seduce (a woman)

upamad

P. -madati-, to cheer up, encourage

upanidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put or place down near to, put or place before

; to place down, conceal ; to deposit, intrust ; to bring near, lead near to

; to produce, cause

upanimand

P. -madati-, to restrain, stop

upaniviś

P. See upa-niviṣṭa-: Causal P. -veśayati-, to cause to encamp

; to lay the foundation of

upaplava

m. affliction, visitation, invasion, inundation

uparudh

P. A1. -ruṇaddhi-, -runddhe-, and -rundhati-, -te- (also -rodhati-

) to lock in, shut up, besiege, blockade

etc. ; to keep, hold back, stop, obstruct, hinder, interrupt

; to molest, trouble, importune, annoy

etc. ; to cover, conceal

: Causal -rodhayati-, to injure

upasad

P. -sīdati- (Ved. Potential 1. plural -sadema-; imperfect tense -asadat-) to sit upon (accusative)

; to sit near to, approach (especially respectfully), revere, worship

etc.

etc. ; to approach (a teacher in order to become his pupil)

; to approach asking, request, crave for

; to approach in a hostile manner

; to possess

; to perform the upasad- ceremony (See below)

: Causal -sādayati-, to place or put upon or by the side of

; to cause to approach, lead near (See upa-sādita-).

upasamādhā

P. -dadhāti-, to put on, add (esp fuel to a fire) ; to kindle (a fire)

etc. ; to put upon, place in order

upasaṃdhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put to, add, annex, increase

; to put together, join, connect

; to bring together with, cause to partake of

; to place before one's self, aim at, take into consideration.

upavad

P. -vadati-, to speak ill of, decry, abuse, curse

; to speak to, address

: A1. -vadate-, to talk over, conciliate ; to flatter ; to cajole, court secretly

utkṣvid

(ud-- kṣvid-) P. -kṣvedati-, to creak

utkūrd

(ud-kūrd-) P. A1. -kūrdati-, -te-, to jump up, spring upwards

utsad

(ud-sad-) P. A1. -sīdati-, -te- (Ved. 3. plural /ut-sadan-) to sit upwards ; to raise one's self or rise up to (accusative), ([

])

; to withdraw, leave off, disappear ; to sink, settle down, fall into ruin or decay, be abolished

etc.: Causal -sādayati-, to put away, remove

etc. ; to abolish, destroy, annihilate

etc. ; to anoint, rub, chafe

utsidh

(ud--2. sidh-) P. -sedhati-, to drive off or aside

; to drive or push upwards.

uttarottara

n. succession, gradation

uttud

(ud-- tud-) P. -tudati-, to push up, tear up ; to push open

; to stir up, urge on.

vad

cl.1 P. A1. (

) v/adati-, te- (Epic mc. also vādati-; Potential udeyam-

; perfect tense uvāda- plural ūdim/a-

; ūde-etc.

; veditha-, dailuḥ-, duḥ-

; Aorist avādīt-, diṣuḥ-

etc.; subjunctive vādiṣaḥ-

; avādiran-

; vadiṣma-, ṣihāḥ-

; preceding udyāt-

; future vadiṣy/ati-, te-

etc.; infinitive mood v/aditos-

; vaditum-

etc.; ind.p. uditvā-

; -udya-

), to speak, say, utter, tell, report, speak to, talk with, address (P.or A1.;with accusative of the thing said, and accusative [with or without abhi-]or genitive case,or locative case of the person addressed;also followed by yad-,"that", or by yadi-,"whether")

etc. ; (P.) to praise, recommend

; to adjudge, adjudicate

; to indicate, designate

; to proclaim, announce, foretell, bespeak

etc. ; to allege, affirm

; to declare (any one or anything) to be, call (two accusative or accusative and Nominal verb with iti-)

etc. ; (with or scilicet vācam-) to raise the voice, sing, utter a cry (said of birds and 9.)

etc. ; (A1.) to say, tell, speak to (accusative)

etc. ; to mention, state, communicate, name

; to confer or dispute about

; to contend, quarrel

; to lay claim to (locative case)

; to be an authority, be eminent in (locative case)

; to triumph, exult

: Passive voice udy/ate- (Aorist avādi-), to be said or spoken etc.

: Causal vād/ayati- m.c. also te- (see

; Aorist avīvadat-; Passive voice vādyate-, Epic also ti-), to cause to speak or say

; to cause to sound, strike, play (with instrumental case,rarely locative case of the instrument)

etc. ; to play music

; (with bahu-) to make much ado about one's self.

; to cause a musical instrument (accusative) to be played by (instrumental case)

Va1rtt. 2

; to speak, recite, rehearse

: Desiderative vivadiṣati-, te-, to desire to speak,

: Intensive v/āvadīti- (

), vāvady/ate-, (

), vāvatti- (grammar), to speak or sound aloud. [ confer, compare Lit.vadi4nti.]

vadh

(also written badh-; confer, compare bādh-;properly only used in the Aorist and preceding tenses avadhīt-and dhiṣṭa-; vadhyāt-and vadhiṣīṣṭa-

;the other tenses being supplied by han-; confer, compare

;but in Vedic or Veda and Epic poetry also present tense vadhati-; Potential vadhet-; future vadhiṣyati-, te-;other Vedic or Veda forms are Aorist avadhīm-, v/ahīm- subjunctive vadhiṣaḥ-; badhīḥ-

; preceding badhyāsam-, suḥ-

), to strike, slay, kill, murder, defeat, destroy

etc. etc.: Passive voice vadhyate-, ti- (Aorist avadhi-), to be slain or killed

: Causal vadhayati-, to kill, slay

[a. Greek .]

vaidathina

m. (fr. vidathin-) a patronymic

vaimātra

(prob.) n. gradation (?)

vaṃśapratiṣṭhānakāra

m. one who establishes his family on a firm foundation

vāṇī

f. praise, laudation

vapra

mn. a rampart, earthwork, mound, hillock, mud wall, earth or bank raised as a wall or buttress or as the foundation of a building

etc.

vāra

m. anything chosen or choice or exquisite, goods, treasure

(often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'; see aśasta--, ṛdhad--, dāti-v-etc.)

varṇa

m. praise, commendation, renown, glory

varṇanā

f. praise, commendation

vartman

n. basis, foundation,

(see dyūta-v-).

vasiṣṭha

m. (wrongly written vaśiṣṭha-),"the most wealthy", Name of a celebrated Vedic ṛṣi- or sage (owner of the"cow of plenty" , called nandinī-, offspring of surabhi-, which by granting all desires made him, as his name implies, master of every vasu-or desirable object;he was the typical representative of Brahmanical rank, and the legends of his conflict with viśvā-mitra-, who raised himself from the kingly or kṣatriya- to the Brahmanical class, were probably founded on the actual struggles which took place between the Brahmans and kṣatriya-s;a great many hymns of the

are ascribed to these two great rivals;those of the seventh maṇḍala-, besides some others, being attributed to vasiṣṭha-, while those of the third maṇḍala- are assigned to viśvā-mitra-;in one of vasiṣṭha-'s hymns he is represented as king su-dās-'s family priest, an office to which viśvā-mitra- also aspired;in another hymn vasiṣṭha- claims to have been inspired by varuṇa-, and in another[

] he is called the son of the apsaras- urvaśī- by mitra- and varuṇa-, whence his patronymic maitrāvaruṇi-;in manu-

, he is enumerated among the ten prajā-pati-s or Patriarchs produced by manu- svāyambhuva- for the peopling of the universe;in the

he is mentioned as the family priest of the solar race or family of ikṣvāku- and rāma-candra-, and in the purāṇa-s as one of the arrangers of the veda-s in the dvāpara- age;he is, moreover, called the father of aurva-[

],of the sukālin-s[

],of seven sons[

] , and the husband of akṣa-mālā- or arundhatī-[

]and of ūrjā-[

];other legends make him one of the 7 patriarchal sages regarded as forming the Great Bear in which he represents the starSee ṛṣi-)

etc. (see

)

vāstoṣpati

m. (fr. vāstos- genitive case of vāstu-+ p-) "house-protector", Name of a deity who presides over the foundation of a house or homestead (addressed in

)

vāstu

n. (m.only in

) the site or foundation of a house, site, ground, building or dwelling-place, habitation, homestead, house

etc.

vāstuśamana

(or -saṃśamana-

) n. the purificatory ceremony performed on laying a foundation or on entering a new house

vegarodha

m. obstruction of speed or activity, retardation, check

vegavidhāraṇa

n. retardation of velocity, stopping, retarding

vibhīṣaṇa

n. the act or a means of terrifying, terror, intimidation

vid

cl.2 P. (

) vetti- (vidmahe-

; vedati-, te-

; vid/ati-, te-

etc.; vindati-, te-

etc.; imperative vidāṃ-karotu-

[ confer, compare

];1. sg. imperfect tense avedam-,2. sg. avet-or aves-[

]

etc.;3. plural avidus-

[ confer, compare

]; avidan-

etc.; perfect tense v/eda-[often substituted for proper vetti- confer, compare

], 3. plural vid/us-or vidre-

; viveda-

etc.; vidāṃcak/āra-

etc.[ confer, compare

; according to to

also vidām-babhūva-]; Aorist avedīt-

; vidām-akran-

; future vedit/ā-

; vettā-

future vediṣyati-, te-

; vetsyati-, te-

etc.; infinitive mood v/editum-, tos-

; vettum-

etc.; ind.p. viditv/ā-

etc.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become or be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with accusative,in older, language also with genitive case;with infinitive mood = to know how to)

etc. (viddhi yathā-,"know that"; vidyāt-,"one should know","it should be understood"; ya evam veda-[in

],"who knows thus","who has this knowledge") ; to know or regard or consider as, take for, declare to be, call (especially in 3. plural vidus-,with two accusative or with accusative and Nominal verb with iti-, exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ sthaviraṃ viduḥ-,"they consider or call him aged"; rājarṣir iti māṃ viduḥ-,"they consider me a rājarṣi-")

etc. ; to mind, notice, observe, remember (with genitive case or accusative)

; to experience, feel (accusative or genitive case)

etc. ; to wish to know, inquire about (accusative)

: Causal ved/ayate- (rarely ti-; Aorist avīvidat-; Passive voice vedyate-), to make known, announce, report, tell

etc. ; to teach, explain

; to recognize or regard as, take for (two accusative)

etc. ; to feel, experience

etc.: Desiderative of Causal in vivedayiṣu- q.v : Desiderative vividiṣati- or vivitsati-, to wish to know or learn, inquire about (acc)

: Intensive vevidyate-, vevetti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek for , for equals veda-; Latin videre; Slavonic or Slavonian ve8de8ti; Gothic witan,wait; German wizzan,wissen; Anglo-Saxon wa7t; English wot.])

vidā

P. -dadāti-, to give out, distribute, grant

vidā

(or do-,not separable fr.4. dā-) P. -dāti-, or -dyati- (ind.p. -ditya-), to cut up, cut to pieces, bruise, pound

; to untie, release, deliver from (ablative)

; to destroy

viḍamba

m. degradation, desecration

viḍambana

n. disgrace, degradation profanation

vidāra

m. an inundation, overflow

vidathin

m. Name of a man

(see vaidathina-).

vidh

cl.6 P. -vidhati- (in

also te-), to worship, honour a god (dative case locative case,or accusative) with (instrumental case)

; to present reverentially, offer, dedicate

; to be gracious or kind, befriend (said of indra-)

vidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to distribute, apportion, grant, bestow

etc. etc. (with kāmam-,to fulfil a wish) ; to furnish, supply, procure (with ātmanaḥ-,"for one's self")

; to spread, diffuse

; to put in order, arrange, dispose, prepare, make ready

; to divide, parcel out

; to ordain, direct, enjoin, settle, appoint

etc. ; to form, create, build, establish, found

etc. ; to perform, effect, produce, cause, occasion, make, do

etc. (like kṛ-to be translated variously in connection with various nouns exempli gratia, 'for example' with siṃhatvam-,to change into a lion;with saciva-tām-,to assume the office of a minister;with veṣam-,to put on a garment;with vṛttim-,to secure a maintenance;with upāyam-,to devise a means;with mantram-,to hold a consultation;with rājyam-,to carry on government, rule;with saṃdhim-,to conclude peace;with kalaham-,to pick up a quarrel;with vairam-,to declare war;with lajjām-,to display bashfulness;with kolāhalam-,to raise a clamour;with cumbanaṃ-,to give a kiss) ; to make, render (with two accusative)

etc. ; to contrive or manage that (yathā-)

; to put or lay on or in, direct towards (locative case)

etc. (with hṛdaye-,to take to heart;with agrataḥ-,or adhaḥ-,to place before or below) ; to send out, despatch (spies)

; to take trouble with (dative case)

; to treat, deal with (accusative)

: Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be distributed etc. ; to be allotted or intended for (genitive case)

; to be accounted, pass for (Nominal verb)

: Causal -dhāpayati-, to cause to put, cause to be laid

; cause to put in order or arrange or fix

: Desiderative -dhitsati-, te-, to wish to distribute or bestow

; to wish to decide or determine or fix or establish

; to wish to find out or devise (a means)

; to wish to procure or acquire

; to wish to perform or accomplish anything, intend, purpose

; to wish to make or render (two accusative)

vikhid

P. -khidati-, to tear asunder, rend apart

vilambikā

f. a particular form of indigestion (with retardation of the feces; according to to some "the last stage of exhaustion in cholera")

vilobhana

n. (in dramatic language) flattery, praise, commendation (exempli gratia, 'for example'

,the stanzas containing the king's description of śakuntalā-'s beauty)

vimad

P. -mādyati- (Ved. also -madati-), to be joyful or merry (only p. -m/adat-)

; to become perplexed or discomposed

; to confound, embarrass, disturb

: Caus, (only Aorist vy-amīmadam-), to confuse, perplex, be. wilder

vimṛd

P. -mṛdnāti-, -mardati-, to crush or press to pieces, bruise, pound, grind down, lay waste, destroy

etc. ; to rub together

: Causal -mardayati-, to crush to pieces, bruise

; to rub

vinad

P. -nadati-, to sound forth, cry out, roar, bellow, thunder

etc. (with ravam mahā-svanam-,to roar aloud) ; to roar or scream at or about (accusative)

; to fill with cries

: Causal -nādayati- (Passive voice -nādyate-), to cause to sound or resound, fill with noise or cries

etc. ; to sound aloud

vinand

P. A1. -nandati-, te-, to rejoice, be glad or joyful

vinard

P. A1. -nardati-, te-, to cry out, roar, thunder

vind

P. vindati- See 3. vid-.

vinidhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, to put or place or lay down in different places, distribute

; to put off, lay down or aside

; to put by, store up

; to put or place on, fix upon, direct (mind, eyes etc.)

; (with hṛdi-) to fix in the heart, bear in mind

vinigad

P. -gadati-, to speak to, address

: Passive voice -gadyate-, to be called or named

vinind

(or nid-) P. -nindati-, to reproach, revile, abuse

viniṣad

( sad-) P. -ṣīdati- to sit down separately.

vinud

P. A1. -nudati-, te-, to drive away or asunder, scare away, dispel, remove

; to strike (cords), play (on a musical instrument)

(varia lectio vi-tud-), Causal -nodayati-, to drive asunder or away, dispel

; to spend (time)

; to divert, amuse, entertain

; to amuse one's self with, delight in (instrumental case)

vinyāsa

m. establishment, foundation

vipravad

P. A1. -vadati-, te-, to speak variously, be at variance, disagree

(see

) .

vīpsā

f. "the desire of pervading"(with any property or quality simultaneously or continuously), several or successive order or series, distributiveness, repetition (especially repetition of words to imply continuous or successive action; exempli gratia, 'for example' vṛkṣaṃ vṛkṣaṃ siñcati-,he waters tree after tree; mandam mandaṃ nudati pavanaḥ-,"gently, gently breathes the wind" see

vīracintāmaṇi

m. Name of an extract from the śārṅgadhara- paddhati-.

virad

P. -radati-, to rend asunder, sever

; to open to, bestow on,

viruddhamatikāritā

f. a figure of speech which (by using ambiguous words) suggests contradictory notions (exempli gratia, 'for example' vidadhāti galagraham-,"she gives an embrace", where the word gala-graha-means also "a disease of the throat")

viṣad

( sad-) P. -ṣīdati- (imperfect tense Class. vy-aṣīdat-,Ved. vya-ṣīdat-,or vy-asīdat-

; perfect tense vi-ṣasāda-

; infinitive mood -ṣattum-or -ṣīditum-

), to be exhausted or dejected, despond, despair

etc. ; to sink down, be immersed in (locative case)

(perhaps vi-ṣeduḥ- wrong reading for ni-ṣ-): Causal -ṣādayati-, to cause to despond or despair, vex, grieve, afflict

; Bombay edition etc.

visaṃvad

P. -vadati-, to break one's word or promise

; to fail in an agreement, contradict, raise objections

: Causal See -saṃvādita-.

visarpakhinnavigraha

mfn. one whose body is moist with the exudation caused by the visarpa- disease

visidh

P. -sedhati-, to resort to (accusative)

vitud

P. A1. -tudati-, te-, to pierce, tear, strike, scourge, sting, prick

etc. ; to strike id est play (a musical instrument)

: Causal -tudāy/ati-, to prick, sting

vivad

P. A1. (see

) -vadati-, te-, (P.) to contradict, oppose (accusative)

; (P. A1.) to be at variance, contest, litigate, dispute with (instrumental case,rarely accusative) or about (locative case,rarely accusative)

etc. etc. (Ved. infinitive mood -vade-with yā-,"to be about to quarrel"; pr. p. A1. -vadamāna-,"disputing","disputed","questionable") ; (P.) to talk, converse

; (A1.) to raise the voice, sing (said of birds)

: Causal -vādayati-, to dispute or litigate, commence an action or lawsuit

: Intensive (only parasmE-pada v/āvadat-), to roar aloud

vṛdh

cl.1 A1. (

) v/ardhate- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also ti-; perfect tense vav/ardha-, vavṛdhe-

etc. etc. [Ved. also vāvṛ-; vavṛdhāti-, dhīt/ās-, dh/asva-

; vāvṛdh/ete-

; parasmE-pada vāvṛdh/at-

; Aorist Ved. avṛdhat-, vṛdhātas-, dhātu-; parasmE-pada vṛdh/at-, dhān/a-]; avardhiṣṭa-

etc.; preceding vardhiṣīm/ahi-

; future vardhitā- grammar; vartsyati-

; vardhiṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood Ved. vṛdhe-["for increase","to make glad"], vṛdh/ase-, vāvṛdh/adhyai-; Classical vardhitum-; ind.p. vṛddhvā-,or vardhitvā- grammar;in

vṛdh-is sometimes confounded with1. vṛt-), trans. P., to increase, augment, strengthen, cause to prosper or thrive

; to elevate, exalt, gladden, cheer, exhilarate (especially the gods, with praise or sacrifice)

; (intrans. A1.; in Vedic or Veda P.in perfect tense and Aorist; in Class. P.in Aorist future and Conditional; also P. mc. in other forms) , to grow, grow up, increase, be filled or extended, become longer or stronger, thrive, prosper, succeed

etc. ; to rise, ascend (as the scale in ordeals)

; to be exalted or elevated, feel animated or inspired or excited by (instrumental case locative case genitive case) or in regard to (dative case), become joyful, have cause for congratulation (vṛdhaḥ-, dhat-in sacrificial formulas ="mayest thou or may he prosper";in later language often with diṣṭyā-)

etc. etc.: Causal vardh/ayati-, te- (in later language also vardhāpayati-; Aorist Ved. avīvṛdhat-, dhata-), to cause to increase or grow, augment, increase, make larger or longer, heighten, strengthen, further, promote (A1."for one's self")

etc. ; to rear, cherish, foster, bring up

; to elevate, raise to power, cause to prosper or thrive

etc. ; to exalt, magnify, glorify (especially the gods), make joyful, gladden (A1.in Vedic or Veda also = to rejoice, be joyful, take delight in [instr.], enjoy

etc.;with. or scilicet diṣṭyā-) to congratulate

; (cl.10. according to to

) "to speak" or "to shine" (bhāṣārthe-or bhāsārthe-): Desiderative of Causal See vivardhayiṣu-: Desiderative vivardhiṣate- or vivṛtsati- grammar : Intensive varivṛdhyate-, varivṛdhīti-

vṛkṣaniryāsa

m. the exudation of trees, gum, resin

vṛṣa

m. a piece of ground suitable for the foundation of a house

vyādā

P. A1. -dadāti-, -datte-, to open wide, open (especially the mouth, with or scilicet mukham-; A1.,"to open the mouth of another person, cause any one to open the mouth"

)

vyājastuti

f. (in rhetoric) "artful praise", praise or censure conveyed in language that expresses the contrary, indirect eulogy, ironical commendation

vyapanud

P. -nudati-, to drive away, remove

vyapānud

(apā-m. Calcutta edition for apa-) P. -nudati-, to drive away, remove

vyard

P. -ardati-, to flow away

; to oppress, harass, pain (See a-vyarṇa-): Causal -ardayati-, to cause to be scattered or dissolved, destroy, annihilate

vyāsidh

P. -sedhati- (infinitive mood -seddhum-), to keep off, prevent

vyavadhā

P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dkatte-, to place apart or asunder

; to put or place between, interpose

; to leave out, omit,

; to separate, divide, interrupt

: Passive voice -dhīyate-, to be separated or divided or interrupted

: Causal , -dhāpayati-, to separate

vyavasad

P. -sīdati-, to sit down, sink or fall down

; to pine or waste away, perish

vyavavad

P. A1. -vadati-, te-, to speak ill of. decry

; to begin to speak, break silence

(

)

vyutsad

P. -sīdati-, to go out or away

; to be unsettled

; to be upset or overthrown

yad

(Nominal verb and accusative sg. n.and base in compound of 3. ya-), who, which, what, whichever, whatever, that

etc. etc. (with correlatives tad-, tyad-, etad-, idam-, adas-, tad etad-, etad tyad-, idaṃ tad-, tad idam-, tādṛśa-, īdṛśa-, īdṛś-, etāvad-,by which it is oftener followed than preceded;or the correl. is dropped exempli gratia, 'for example' yas tu nārabhate karma kṣipram bhavati nirdravyaḥ-,"[he] indeed who does not begin work soon becomes poor"

;or the rel. is dropped exempli gratia, 'for example' andhakam bhartāraṃ na tyajet sā mahā-satī-,"she who does not desert a blind husband is a very faithful wife"

yad-is often repeated to express"whoever","whatever","whichever", exempli gratia, 'for example' yo yaḥ-,"whatever man"; yā yā-,"whatever woman"; yo yaj jayati tasya tat-,"whatever he wins [in war] belongs to him"

; yad yad vadati tad tad bhavati-,"whatever he says is true", or the two relatives may be separated by hi-,and are followed by the doubled or single correl. tad- exempli gratia, 'for example' upyate yad dhi yad bījam tat tad eva prarohati-,"whatever seed is sown, that even comes forth"

;similar indefinite meanings are expressed by the relative joined with tad- exempli gratia, 'for example' yasmai tasmai-,"to any one whatever", especially in yadvā tadvā-,"anything whatever";or by yaḥ-with kaśca-, kaścana-, kaścit-,or [in later language, not in manu-] ko'pi- exempli gratia, 'for example' yaḥ kaścit-,"whosoever"; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi-,"any friends whatsoever"; yena kenāpy upāyena-,"by any means whatsoever." yad-is joined with tvad-to express generalization exempli gratia, 'for example' śūdrāṃs tvad yāṃs tvad-,"either the śūdra-s or anybody else"

;or immediately followed by a Persian pronoun on which it lays emphasis exempli gratia, 'for example' yo 'ham-,"I that very person who"; yas tvaṃ kathaṃ vettha-,"how do you know?"

;it is also used in the sense of"si quis" exempli gratia, 'for example' striyaṃ spṛśed yaḥ-,"should any one touch a woman." yad-is also used without the copula exempli gratia, 'for example' andho jaḍaḥ pīṭha sarpī saptatyā sthaviraśca yaḥ-,"a blind man, an idiot, a cripple, and a man seventy years old"

;sometimes there is a change of construction in such cases exempli gratia, 'for example' ye ca mānuṣāḥ-for mānuṣāṃś-ca-

;the Nominal verb sg. n. yad-is then often used without regard to gender or number and may be translated by"as regards","as for", exempli gratia, 'for example' kṣatraṃ vā etad vanaspatīnāṃ yan nyag-rodhaḥ-,"as for the nyag-rodha-, it is certainly the prince among trees"

;or by"that is to say","to wit" exempli gratia, 'for example' tato devā etaṃ vajraṃ dadṛśur yad apaḥ-,"the gods then saw this thunderbolt, to wit, the water"

yad-as an adverb conjunction generally ="that", especially after verbs of saying, thinking etc., often introducing an oratio directa with or without iti-; iti yad-,at the end of a sentence ="thinking that","under the impression that" exempli gratia, 'for example'

yad-also ="so that","in order that","wherefore","whence","as","in as much as","since","because"[the correlative being tad-,"therefore"],"when","if"

etc.; /adha y/ad-,"even if","although"

yad api- idem or ' yathāṃśa-tas- etc. See p.841, columns 2 and 3 etc.'

yad u-- evam-,"as - so"

; yad uta-,"that"

;"that is to say","scilicet"

; yat kila-,"that"

; yac ca-,"if","that is to say"

; yac ca-yac ca-,"both - and"

;"that"[accord. to

after expressions of"impossibility","disbelief","hope","disregard","reproach"and,"wonder"]; yad vā-,"or else","whether"

;[ yad vā-,"or else", is very often in commentators];"however"

; yad vā-- yadi vā-,"if-or it"

; yad bhūyasā-,"for the most part"

; yat satyam-,"certainly","indeed","of course"

; yan nu-,with 1st Persian,"what if I","let me"

)

yadu

m. Name of an ancient hero (in the veda- often mentioned together with turvaśa- [or turvasu-] q.v,and described as preserved by indra- during an inundation;in epic poetry he is a son of yayāti- and brother of puru- and turvasu-, kṛṣṇa- being descended from yadu-, and bharata- and kuru- from puru-; yadu- is also called a son of vasu-, king of cedi-, or a son of hary-aśva-)

yamakabhārata

n. a summary of the mahā-bhārata- in alliterative verse (by ānandatīrtha-).

yudh

cl.4 A1. (

) y/udhyate- (rarely P. ti-; cl.1 P. yodhati-

; imperative y/otsi-

; perfect tense yuy/odha-, yuyudh/e-

etc.; Aorist Ved. yodhi-, yodhat-, yodhān/a-; ayodhīt-, yodhiṣat-; yutsmahi-; Epic yotsīs-;Class. ayuddha-; future yoddhā-

; yotsyati-, te-

etc.; infinitive mood yudh/e-