  |
|  | | abhinyas | -asyati-, to depress (as fire)   | | | abhipaś | -paśyati-, to look upon or at, view etc. ; to perceive, notice ; (with genitive case) ; to know | | | abhivipaś | -p/aśyati-, to look at, view ; to look hither | | | abhyas | (ind.p. -asya-) to throw towards or upon ; (parasmE-pada genitive case sg. -asyatas-) to throw (as arrows) ; to add, : P. (rarely A1.) -asyati- (but also Potential -aset- ; parasmE-pada -asat- : A1. -asate- ) to concentrate one's attention upon (accusative), practise, exercise, study etc. ; to repeat, double ; to multiply etc.: Causal to cause to practise or study, teach commentator or commentary on | | | adasya | Nom. P. adasyati-, to become that. | | | anūdas | -asyati-, to toss up behind or after | | | anupaś | P. A1. -paśyati-, te-, to look at, perceive, notice, discover etc. ; to consider, reflect upon (accusative) etc. ; to look upon as, take as ; (perf. A1. parasmE-pada -paspaśān/a-) to show (as the path) () | | | anusamas | -s/am-asyati-, to add further | | | anuvipaś | -v/i-paśyati-, to look at, view | | | āpaś | P. /ā-paśyati- ([ ]) , to look at. | | | avapaś | P. -paśyati- (2. plural -paśyata-; parasmE-pada -p/aśyat-) to look down upon (accusative) : A1. -paśyate-, to look upon | | | āyas | P. -yasyati-, to work hard, exert one's self, weary one's self etc. ; to become exhausted etc.: Causal P. -yāsayati-, to weary, worry ; to give pain, torment etc.: Passive voice of Causal -yāsyate-, to pine away ; to consume by grief | | | bhraṃś | or bhraś- (sometimes written bhraṃs-; see bhṛś-) cl.1 A1. () bhraṃśate- (once in P. ti-) cl.4 P. (;cf. bhṛś-) bhraśyati- (Epic also A1. te- perfect tense babhraṃśa- śe- grammar; Aorist subjunctive bhraśat- ; abhraṃśiṣṭa- grammar; future bhraṃśiṣyati-, te-; bhraṃśitā- ; ind.p. bhraṃśitvā-and bhraṣṭvā- ), to fall, drop, fall down or out or in pieces etc. ; to strike against (locative case) ; to rebound from (ablative) ; to fall (figuratively), decline, decay, fail, disappear, vanish, be ruined or lost etc. ; to be separated from or deprived of, lose (ablative) etc. ; to slip or escape from (genitive case) ; to swerve or deviate from, abandon (ablative) : Causal bhraṃśayati- (or bhrāśayati-; see bhr/āśya-and ni-bhraṃś-; Aorist ababhraṃśat-; Passive voice bhraṃśyate-), to cause to fall (literally and figuratively), throw down, overthrow etc. ; to cause to disappear or be lost destroy ; to cause to escape from (ablative) ; to cause to deviate from (ablative) ; to deprive any one (accusative) of (ablative; exempli gratia, 'for example' upavāsāt-or vratāt-,"of the reward for fasting or performing any observance") etc.: Desiderative bibhraṃśiṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive bābhraśyate-, bhraṣṭi- ; banībhraśyate- or bhraṃśyate- | | | dhā | cl.3 P. A1. d/adhāti-, dhatt/e- etc. (P. dual number dadhv/as-, dhatth/as-, dhatt/as-[ ]; plural dadhm/asi-or m/as-, dhatth/a-, dādhati-; imperfect tense /adadhāt- plural dhur-, plural /adhatta-or /adadhāta- ; subjunctive d/adhat-or dhāt-[ ], dhas-, dhatas-, dhan-; Potential dadhy/āt-; imperative dādhātu- plural dhatu-;2. sg. dheh/i-[fr. dhaddhi-; confer, compare ] or dhattāt- ;2. plural dhatt/a-, , dhattana-, , d/adhāta-, ,or tana-, [ confer, compare ]; parasmE-pada d/adhat-, ti- m. plural tas-; A1.1. sg. dadh/e-[at once3. sg. equals dhatt/e- and= perfect tense A1.],2. sg. dh/atse-, or dhats/e- dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-;2. plural dhidhv/e-[ confer, compare perfect tense ];3. plural d/adhate- ; imperfect tense /adhatta-, tthās-; subjunctive d/adhase-, [ ]; Potential d/adhīta- dadhīt/a-, ; imperative 2. sg. dhatsva-, or dadhiṣva-, ;2. plural dhaddhvam-[ ]or dadhidhvam- ,etc.;3. pl. dadhatām- ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-) ; rarely cl.1 P. A1. dadhati-, te- ; only thrice cl.2 P. dh/āti- ; and once cl.4 A1. Potential dhāyeta- (pf.P. dadh/au-, dh/ātha-, dhatur-, dhim/ā-, dhur- etc.; A1. dadh/e-[ confer, compare proper ], dadhiṣ/e-or dhiṣe- ;2.3. dual number dadh/āthe-, dh/āte-,2. pl. dadhidhv/e-[ confer, compare proper ];3. plural dadhir/e-, dadhre-, ,or dhire-, ; parasmE-pada d/adhāna-[ confer, compare proper ]; Aorist P. /adhāt-, dh/āt-, dh/ās-; adh/ur-, dh/ur- etc.; Potential dheyām-, yur-; dhetana- ; 2. sg. dhāyīs- ; imperative dh/ātu-[ confer, compare ];2. plural dh/āta-or tana-,3. plural dhāntu- ; A1. adhita-, thās-, adhītām-, adhīmahi-, dhīmahi-, dhimahe-, dhāmahe- ;3. sg. ahita-, hita- ; subjunctive dh/ethe- , dhaithe-, ; imperative dhiṣv/ā-, ; P. adhat- ; dhat- ; P. dhāsur- subjunctive sathas-and satha- ; A1. adhiṣi-, ṣata- ; Potential dhiṣīya- [ ]; dheṣīya- ; future dhāsyati-, te-or dhātā- etc.; infinitive mood dh/ātum- etc.;Ved. also tave-, tav/ai-, tos-; dhiy/adhyai- ;Class. also -dhitum-; ind.p. dhitv/ā- ; hitvā-[ ], -dh/āya-and -dh/ām- : Passive voice dhīy/ate- etc.[ ] , p. dhīy/amāna- ; Aorist /adhāyi-, dh/āyi- [ ]; preceding dhāsīṣṭa-or dhāyiṣīṣṭa-[ ]) to put, place, set, lay in or on (locative case) etc. etc. (with daṇḍam-,to inflict punishment on [with locative case ,with genitive case ];with tat-padavyām padam-,to put one's foot in another's footstep id est imitate, equal ) ; to take or bring or help to (locative case or dative case;with ār/e-,to remove) ; (A1.) to direct or fix the mind or attention (cintām-, manas-, matim-, samādhim-etc.) upon, think of (locative case or dative case), fix or resolve upon (locative case dative case accusative with prati-or a sentence closed with iti-) ; to destine for, bestow on, present or impart to (locative case dative case or genitive case) etc. (Passive voice to be given or granted, fall to one's [dat.] lot or share ) ; to appoint, establish, constitute ; to render (with double accusative) ; to make, produce, generate, create, cause, effect, perform, execute etc. (Aorist with pūrayām-, mantrayām-, varayām-etc. equals pūrayām-etc. cakāra-) ; to seize, take hold of, hold, bear, support, wear, put on (clothes) etc. ; (A1.) to accept, obtain, conceive (especially in the womb), get, take (with /okas-or c/anas-,to take pleasure or delight in [loc. or dative case ]) ; to assume, have, possess, show, exhibit, incur, undergo : Causal -dhāpayati- (See antar-dhā-, śrad-dhā-etc.) : Desiderative dh/itsati-, te- () , to wish to put in or lay on (locative case) (Class. Passive voice dhitsyate-; dhitsya-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order) ; d/idhiṣati-, te-, to wish to give or present ; (A1.) to wish to gain, strive after (parasmE-pada d/idhiṣāṇa-, ) : with avady/am-, to bid defiance (confer, compare didhiṣ/āyya-, didhiṣ/u-): Intensive dedhīyate- [ confer, compare Zend da1,dadaiti; Greek ,; Lithuanian dedu4,de4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian dedja,diti; Old Saxon duan,do7n, Anglo-Saxon do7n,Engl.do; German tuan;tuon,thun.] | | | dham | or dhmā- cl.1 P. dh/amati- (A1. te- ; parasmE-pada dhmāntas- equals dhamantas- ; perf. dadhmau-,3. plural A1. mire- ; Aorist adhmāsīt- ; preceding dhmāyāt-or dhmeyāt- grammar; future dhamāṣyati- ; dhmāsyati-, dhmātā- grammar; ind.p. -dhm/āya- ) to blow (either intrans. as wind [applied also to the bubbling soma- ]or trans. as,to blow a conch-shell or any wind instrument) etc. ; to blow into (locative case) ; to breathe out, exhale ; to kindle a fire by blowing ; to melt or manufacture (metal) by blowing etc. ; to blow or cast away : Passive voice dhamyate-, Epic also ti-, dhmāy/ate-, ti- ( ) to be blown etc.: Causal dhmāpayati- (Aorist adidhmapat- grammar; Passive voice dhmāpyate- ) to cause to blow or melt ; to consume by fire, reduce to cinder : Desiderative didhnāsati- grammar : Intensive dedhmīyate- ; dādhmāyate-, parasmE-pada yamāna- being violently blown (conch-shell) [ confer, compare Slavonic or Slavonian dumo"smoke"] | | | dhe | cl.1 P. () dh/ayati- etc. (perfect tense dadhau-,3. plural dh/ur- ; Aorist -adhāt- ; adhāsīt-or adadhat- ; preceding dheyāt-, ; future dhāsyati- , dhātā- grammar; dative case infinitive mood dh/ātave- ; ind.p. dhītv/ā-and -dh/īya- ; -dhāya- grammar) to suck, drink, suck or drink in, take to one's self, absorb, appropriate etc. etc.: Passive voice dhīyate- grammar : Causal dhāp/ayāte- (confer, compare Va1rtt. 1 ) to give suck, nourish ; ti- (confer, compare anu-- dhe-) ; Aorist adīdhapat- grammar : Desiderative dhitsati- : Intensive dedhīyate-, dādheti-, and dādhāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin fe1-lare; Gothic dadd-jan; German ta1-an,ta1-jan.]) | | | dhyai | cl.1 P. dhy/āyati- (Epic also te-,or cl.2. dhyāti-; imperative dhyāhi-; Potential dhyāyāt- ; yīta- ; perf. dadhyau- etc.; Aorist /adhyāsīt- ;3. plural dhyāsur- ; future dhyāsyati- ; dhyātā- ; ind.p. dhyātvā- ; -dhyāya- ; dhyāyam- ) to think of, imagine, contemplate, meditate on, call to mind, recollect (with or scilicet manasā-or si-, cetasā-, dhiyā-, hṛdaye-etc.) etc. ; to brood mischief against (accusative) ; (alone) to be thoughtful or meditative etc. ; to let the head hang down (said of an animal) : Passive voice dhyāyate-, to be thought of, etc. ; Causal dhyāpayati- grammar : Desiderative didhyāsate- : Intensive dādhyāyate-, dādhyāti-, dādhyeti- grammar | | | hā | cl.3 P. () j/ahāti- (rarely cl.1. jahati-3. dual number jahltaḥ- imperative jah/ihi-[or jahāhi- ]; jahītāt- ; Potential jahyāt- etc.; perfect tense jahau-, jah/uḥ- etc.; jahe- ; Aorist ahāt- etc.; ahāsīt- grammar;3. sg. ahās- ; /ahāsi- ; hāsiṣṭa- ,; future hātā- grammar; hāsyati-, te- etc., jahiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood hātum- ; ind.p. hitv/ā-.[ q.v ] etc.; hitv/ī- tv/āya- ; -hītvā- grammar; -h/āya- , h/īyam- ), to leave, abandon, desert, quit, forsake, relinquish (with śarīram-, deham-, prāṇān-, asūn-, jīvitam-etc. - "to die") etc., etc. ; to discharge, emit ; to put away, take off, remove, lay aside, give up, renounce, resign, avoid, shun, abstain or refrain from etc. ; to disregard, neglect ; to lose, be deprived of. ; to get rid of. escape from etc. ; to cause to emit (with śardham-,"to cause to break wind") : Passive voice hīy/ate- or h/īyate- (Epic also hīyati-; Aorist ahāyi-), to be left or abandoned or deserted etc. ; to be left behind, fall short of (ablative) etc. ; to be excluded from or bereft of (ablative or instrumental case;with prāṇaiḥ-,"to die") etc. ; to be overtaken by (instrumental case) ; to be deficient or wanting, suffer loss or injury, fail (also in a lawsuit), decrease, wane, decline, come to an end etc. ; to weigh less (at the ordeal of the balance) ; to be given up or avoided (varia lectio) ; to be subtracted ; to become detached from (with ablative or instrumental case), fall out (as hair) : Causal hāpayati- (mc. also te- Aorist ajīhapat-; -jīhipaḥ- ), to cause to leave or abandon etc. ; to omit, neglect etc. ; to fall short of. be wanting in (accusative) ; to give up (asūn-,"life") ; to lose (kālam-,"time") ; to abandon (pratijñām-,"a thesis") : Desiderative jihāsati-, to wish to leave or abandon ; to wish to reject or disdain ; to wish to escape : Intensive jehīyate-, jāhāti-, jāheti- grammar | | | jñā | cl.9 P.A1. jān/āti-, nit/e- (see ; subjunctive nat-; imperative nītat-,2. sg. nīh/i-,once irregular jña- ;[fr. cl.3.] jijāhi- ;2. plural irregular nata-. ;2. sg. A1. irregular nase- ; parasmE-pada n/at-, nān/a- irregular namāna-[ ]; perfect tense jajñau-, jñe-[ Passive voice ] , 3. plural jñ/ur- ; parasmE-pada jñān/a- ; future jñāsyati-, te-; Aorist ajñāsīt-, sta- Passive voice /ajñāyi-, ; Potential jñāyāt-or jñey- ;2. sg. jñeyas- equals ; infinitive mood jñātum-) to know, have knowledge, become acquainted with (accusative;rarely genitive case ), perceive, apprehend, understand (also with infinitive mood [ ] ) , experience, recognise, ascertain, investigate etc. ; to know as, know or perceive that, regard or consider as (with double accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' tasya māṃ tanayāṃ jānīta-,"know me to be his daughter" ;with mṛṣā-,"to consider as untrue" ) etc. ; to acknowledge, approve, allow ; to recognise as one's own, take possession of ; to visit as a friend ; to remember (with genitive case) ; A1. to engage in (genitive case exempli gratia, 'for example' sarpiṣo-,"to make an oblation with clarified butter") : Causal jñapayati-, to teach any one (accusative) ; jñāp- (Passive voice jñāpyate-) to make known, announce, teach anything and ; to inform any one (genitive case) that (double accusative) ; A1. to request, ask (jñap-) (jñāp-): Desiderative jijñāsate- (; Epic also P.) to wish to know or become acquainted with or learn, investigate, examine etc. ; to wish for information about (accusative) ; to conjecture : Causal Desiderative jijñapayiṣati- (also jñāp- ) and jñīpsati- (see psyamāna-), to wish to make known or inform ; ([ see etc.]) | | | jyā | (see ji-) cl.9 P. jin/āti- (Potential nīy/āt-; parasmE-pada n/at-; perfect tense jijy/au-; future jyāsyati- ; ind.p. -jyāya-, ) Vedic or Veda to overpower, oppress, deprive any one (accusative) of property (accusative) etc. ; (derived fr. jy/āyas-,"senior") to become old : cl.4 A1. j/īyate- or Passive voice y/ate-, Vedic or Veda to be oppressed or treated badly, be deprived of property (or everything, sarva-jyān/im- ) etc.: Causal jyāpayati-, to call any one old : Desiderative (parasmE-pada j/ijyāsat-) to wish to overpower : Intensive jejīyate- ; see pari-- ; . | | | karman | n. (in grammar) the object (it stands either in the accusative [in active construction], or in the Nominal verb [in passive construction], or in the genitive case [in connection with a noun of action];opposed to kartṛ-the subject) (it is of four kinds, viz. a. nirvartya-,when anything new is produced exempli gratia, 'for example' kaṭaṃ karoti-,"he makes a mat"; putraṃ prasūte-,"she bears a son";b. vikārya-,when change is implied either of the substance and form exempli gratia, 'for example' kāṣṭhaṃ bhasma karoti-,"he reduces fuel to ashes";or of the form only exempli gratia, 'for example' suvarṇaṃ kuṇḍalaṃ karoti-,"he fashions gold into an ear-ring"; Calcutta edition prāpya-,when any desired object is attained exempli gratia, 'for example' grāmaṃ gacchati-,"he goes to the village"; candraṃ paśyati-,"he sees the moon";d. anīpsita-,when an undesired object is abandoned exempli gratia, 'for example' pāpaṃ tyajati-,"he leaves the wicked") | | | lā | cl.2 P. () lāti- (perfect tense lalau- ; Aorist alāsīt- ; future lātā-, lāsyati- grammar; ind.p. lātvā- ), to take, receive, obtain ; to undertake, begin ; to give [Cf. Hind,lenA.] | | | lī | (see rī-) cl.9 P. () lināti-, to adhere, obtain (not usually found) ; cl.1 P. layati- (), to melt, liquefy, dissolve (not usually found) ; cl.4 A1. () l/īyate- (Vedic or Veda also lāyate-; perfect tense lilye-, lilyuḥ- etc.; lilāya-, lalau- grammar; Aorist aleṣṭa- ; alaiṣīt-, alāsīt-, alāsta- grammar; future letā-, lātā-; leṣyati-or lāsyati-, te- ; infinitive mood letumorla1tum ; ind.p. -lāyam- ; līya- etc.) , to cling or press closely, stick or adhere to (locative case) etc. ; to remain sticking ; to lie, recline, alight or settle on, hide or cower down in (locative case), disappear, vanish etc.: Causal P. lāpayati- or lāyayati-, to cause to cling etc. etc. ; A1. lāpayate-, to deceive ; to obtain honour ; to humble : Desiderative lilīṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive lelīyate-, lelayīti-, leleti- (see lelāya-). | | | mā | cl.2 P. () māti- ; cl.3 A1. () m/imīte- ; cl.4. A1. () māyate- (Ved. and Epic also mimāti- Potential mimīyāt- imperative, mimīhi-; Potential mimet- ; perfect tense mam/au-, mame-, mamir/e- ; Aorist /aināsi- subjunctive masātai- ; amāsīt- grammar; preceding māsīṣṭa-, meyāt- ; future mātā-; māsyati-, māsyate- ; infinitive mood m/e- -m/ai- ; mātum- ; ind.p. mitv/ā-, -m/āya- etc.) , to measure, mete out, mark off etc. ; to measure across = traverse ; to measure (by any standard) , compare with (instrumental case) ; (māti-) to correspond in measure (either with genitive case,"to be large or long enough for";or with locative case,"to find room or be contained in" ;or with na-and instrumental case,"to be beside one's self with" ) ; to measure out, apportion, grant ; to help any one (accusative) to anything (dative case) ; to prepare, arrange, fashion, form, build, make ; to show, display, exhibit (amimīta-,"he displayed or developed himself", ) ; (in philosophy) to infer, conclude ; to pray (yācñā-karmaṇi-) : Passive voice mīy/ate- (Aorist amāyi-) ; to be measured etc. Causal , māpayati-, te- (Aorist amīmapat- Va1rtt. 2 ), to cause to be measured or built, measure, build, erect etc.: Desiderative mitsati-, te- (confer, compare nir-mā-): Intensive memīyate- [ confer, compare Zend ma1; Greek , ; Latin me1tior,mensus,mensura; Slavonic or Slavonian me8ra; Lithuanian me3ra4.] | | | mas | (prob. an artificial root) cl.4 P. masyati-, to measure, mete (parimāṇe- varia lectio pariṇāme-) | | | mi | (see 3. mā-and mī-) cl.5. P. A1. () min/oti-, minute- (perfect tense P. mimāya-, mimy/uḥ- , mamau-,Gr,; A1. mimye- grammar Aorist amāsīt-, sta- ; preceding mīyāt-, māsīṣṭa- ; future mātā-, māsyati-, te- ; parasmE-pada meṣyat-[?] ; ind.p. -mitya- , -māya- grammar), to fix or fasten in the earth, set up, found, build, construct ; to mete out, measure ; to judge, observe, perceive, know ; to cast, throw, scatter : Passive voice mīy/ate- (Aorist amāyi- grammar), to be fixed etc. : Causal māpayati- (Aorist amīmapat-) grammar : Desiderative mitsati-, te- : Intensive memīyate-, memayīte-, memeti- | | | mī | cl.9 P. A1. () mīnāti-, mīnīte- (Ved. also min/āti-and minoti-; m/īyate-or mīy/ate-[ ]; mimītas-, mimīyāt-[?]; perfect tense mimāya- ; mīmaya- ; mamau-, mimye- grammar; Aorist amāsīt-, amāsta- grammar; meṣṭa- ; Aorist Passive voice /amāyi- ; preceding mīyāt-, māsīṣṭa- grammar; future mātā-, māsyati-, te- grammar; meṣyate- ; infinitive mood -m/iyam-, -miye- ; m/etos- ; ind.p. mītvā-, -mīya-, māya- grammar), to lessen, diminish, destroy (A. and Passive voice to perish, disappear, die) ; to lose one's way, go astray ; to transgress, violate, frustrate, change, alter : Causal māpayati- Aorist amīmapat-. See pra-mī- ; Desiderative mitsati-, te- grammar : Intensive memīyate-, memayīti-, memeti- [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin minuere; Slavonic or Slavonian mi8nij; German minniro,minre,minder; Anglo-Saxon min.] | | | mlai | cl.1 P. () mlāyati- (Epic also te-and mlāti-; perfect tense mamlau- ; mamle- ; Aorist amlāsīt-,2. sg. mlāsīḥ- ; preceding mlāyāt-,or mleyāt- ; future mlātā-, mlāsyati- grammar; Conditional amlāsyatām- , syetām- ; infinitive mood mlātum- grammar), to fade, wither, decay, vanish etc. ; to be languid or exhausted or dejected, have a worn appearance : Causal mlāp/ayati-, to cause to wither or fade, enfeeble, make languid ; mlapayati-, to crush | | | mnā | (see man-,with which mnā-was originally identical) cl.1 P. ; manati- (grammar also perfect tense mamnau-; Aorist amnāsīt-; preceding mnāyāt-,or mneyāt-; future mnātā-and mnāsyati-; infinitive mood mnātum-: Causal mnāpayati- Aorist amimnapat-: Desiderative mimnāsati-: Intensive, māmnāyate-, māmnāti-, māmneti-), only in anu--, ā--, praty-ā--, sam-ā--, pari-mnā-. | | | mukhatas | mfn. equals mukhe tasyati- | | | naś | cl.4 P. () n/aśyati- (rarely te-and cl.1.P. n/aśati-, te-; perfect tense nanāśa-,3. plural neśur-; Aorist anaśat- etc.; aneśat-, n/eśat- [ confer, compare on ]; future naśiṣyati- ; naṅkṣyati-, te-[cond. anaṅkṣyata-] ; naśitā- ; naṃṣṭā- ; naṅgdhā- ; infinitive mood naśitum-, naṃṣum- grammar; ind.p. naśitvā-, naṣṭva-, naṃṣṭvā- ) to be lost, perish, disappear, be gone, run away etc. ; to come to nothing, be frustrated or unsuccessful etc.: Causal nāś/ayati-, Epic also te- (Aorist -anīnaśat-; dative case infinitive mood -nāśayadhyai- ) to cause to be lost or disappear, drive away, expel, remove, destroy, efface etc. ; to lose (also from memory), give up ; to violate, deflower (a girl) ; to extinguish (a fire) ; to disappear (in mā- nīnaśah-and naśuḥ-) : Desiderative ninaśiṣati- or ninaṅkṣati- (confer, compare ninaṅkṣu-) ; Desiderative of Causal nināśayiṣati-, to wish to destroy : Intensive nānaśyate- or nānaṃṣṭi- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin nex,nocere]) . | | | niras | P. A1. -asyati-, te-, (infinitive mood asitum- ; Aorist -āsthat- ) . to cast out, throw or drive away, expel, remove, banish from (ablative) etc. ; to ward off, keep away etc. ; to strip off (also A1.) Va1rtt. 3 ; to stretch out (hastau-,also A1.) ; to reject, refuse, decline (as a suitor, an offer, etc.) ; to destroy, annihilate | | | nyas | P. -asyati-, or -asati-, to throw or cast or lay or put down (with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' bhuvi-,on the earth) etc. ; to take off ; to give up, resign (as life) ; to set in the ground, plant (prarohān-,shoots) ; (with locative case) to throw or hurl upon, pour or shed on or in, put or place or fix or insert in, turn or direct to, deposit with, intrust or commit to ; to settle arrange etc. (with citre-,"to place in a picture", paint, depict;with śirasi-,"to place on the head", receive with reverence;with manasi-,"to call to mind", reflect, ponder;with pathi-,"to lay on the road", give up) ; to bring forward, mention : Causal (perfect tense nyāsayām āsa-or sayāṃ cakre-) to cause to put or lay down | | | pā | cl.1 P. () p/ibati- (Ved. and Epic also A1. te-; rarely pipati-, te- ) cl.2. pāti-, pāth/as-, pānti- ; parasmE-pada A1. papān/a- , p/ipāna- (perfect tense P. pap/au-,2. sg. papātha- ; papitha- ; papīyāt- ; p. papiv/as- ; A1. pape-, papire- ; p. papān/a- ; Aorist or imperfect tense apāt- [ confer, compare ] ; 3. plural apuḥ-[?] ; -pāsta- ; preceding 3. sg. peyās- ; future pāsyati-, te- etc.; pātā- grammar; ind.p. pītv/ā- etc., tvī- ; -pāya- etc.; -pīya- ; pāyam- ; infinitive mood p/ibadhyai- ; pātum- etc.; p/ātave- ; p/ātava/ī- ), to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow (with accusative,rarely genitive case) etc. ; (met.) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears etc.) etc. ; to drink up, exhaust, absorb ; to drink intoxicating liquors : Passive voice pīy/ate- etc. etc.: Causal pāyayati-, te- (perfect tense pāyayām āsā- ; Aorist apīpyat- ; ind.p. pāyayitvā- ; infinitive mood p/āyayitav/ai- ), to cause to drink, give to drink, water (horses or cattle) etc. etc.: Desiderative pipāsati- ( also pipīṣati-), to wish to drink, thirst : Desiderative of Causal pipāyayiṣati-, to wish or intend to give to drink : Intensive pepīyate- (parasmE-pada yamāna-also with pass meaning) , to drink greedily or repeatedly [ confer, compare Greek; AEolic = ; Latin pa1-tus,po1tum,biboforpi-bo; Slavonic or Slavonian pi-ja,pi-ti] | | | pā | cl.2 P. () p/āti- (imperative pāh/i-; pr. p. P. p/āt- A1. pān/a- ; perfect tense papau- grammar; Aorist apāsīt- subjunctive pāsati- ; future pāsyati-, pātā- grammar; preceding pāyāt- ; infinitive mood pātum- ), to watch, keep, preserve ; to protect from, defend against (ablative) etc. ; to protect (a country) id est rule, govern ; to observe, notice, attend to, follow : Causal pālayati- See pāl-: Desiderative pīpāsati- grammar : Intensive pāpāyate-, pāpeti-, pāpāti- [ confer, compare Zend pa1,paiti; Greek , , etc.; Latin pa-sco,pa-bulum; Lithuanian pe0-mu4] | | | parāpaś | P. -paśyati-, to look far off (or to a distance) ; to see or perceive (at a distance) | | | paridhā | P. A1. -dadhāti-, -dhatte-, (perfect tense -dadhur-, -dadhire-; future -dhāsyati-; Aorist -dhāt-, -dhīmahi-; ind.p. -dh/āya-;Ved. infinitive mood p/ari-dhātav/ai-), to lay or put or place or set round etc. ; to cast round, turn upon (dṛṣṭim-,with locative case ) ; to put on, wear (with or sc. vāsas-), dress etc. ; surround, envelop, enclose etc. ; to conclude or close (the recitation of a hymn) : Causal -dhāpayati- (ind.p. yitvā- ), to cause a person to wrap round or put on (2 accusative) etc. ; to clothe with (instrumental case) : Desiderative -dhitsate-, to wish to put on | | | parihā | P. -jahāti-, (ind.p. -hāya-; infinitive mood -hātum-), to leave, abandon, quit ; to omit, neglect, disregard : Passive voice -hīyate- (with future -hāsyati- ), to be avoided or omitted, be destitute or deprived of, desist or be excluded from (ablative), be wanting or deficient, be inferior to (ablative or instrumental case), wane, fail, decrease, pass away etc.: Causal -hāpayati-, to cause to relinquish or abandon ; to interrupt, leave unfinished | | | pariṇaś | (2 naś-) P. -ṇasyati- | | | paripaś | P. -paśyati-, to look over, survey ; to perceive, behold, see, observe ; to fix the mind or thoughts upon (accusative) ; to learn, know, recognise as (2 accusative) | | | pariṣṭhā | ( sthā-) P. A1. -tiṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense -taṣṭhau-; future -ṣṭhāsyati- ;3. plural perfect tense -tasthuḥ- ; Aorist -ṣṭhāt-, -ṣṭhuḥ- ; -ṣṭhāḥ- ; -sthāḥ- ), to stand round, be in a person's way, obstruct, hinder etc. ; to crowd from all sides ; (A1.) to remain, survive : Causal -sthāpayati- (ind.p. -sthāpya-), to beset, surround ; to place near, cause to stay close by | | | paryas | P. A1. pary-asyati-, te-, to throw or cast or place round ; to spread round, diffuse ; to entrap, ensnare (A1. Aorist 3. dual number pary-āsiṣātām- ) ; to turn round, wallow (ind.p. pary-asya-) ; to throw down, overturn, upset (Aorist pary-āsthat-) : Passive voice pary-asyate- (Aorist pary-āsthata- ), to tall down, drop: Causal pary-āsayati-, to cause to roll down or shed (as tears) | | | paryudas | P. -asyati-, to reject, exclude | | | paś | only present tense P. A1. p/aśyati-, te- (see dṛś-and ), to see (with na-"to be blind"), behold, look at, observe, perceive, notice etc. ; to be a spectator, look on (especially parasmE-pada exempli gratia, 'for example' tasya paśyataḥ-,while he looks on, before his eyes ; paśyantī tiṣṭhati-,she stands ind.p. looks on ) ; to see a person (either"visit"or"receive as a visitor") etc. ; to live to see, experience, partake of. undergo, incur etc. ; to learn, find out ; to regard or consider as, take for (accusative with accusative or adverb in vat-) ; to see with the spiritual eye, compose, invent (hymns, rites etc.) ; (also with sādhu-) to have insight or discernment etc. ; to consider, think over, examine ; to foresee ; (paśyāmi-,"ISee or l am convinced ", and paśya-, śyata-,"see, behold, look here!"often employed parenthetically or interjectionally ) [Orig. identical with spaś-, q.v ] | | | pradas | P. -dasyati-, to dry up, become dry | | | praṇaś | (2 naś-) P. -ṇaśati-, or ṇaśyati- (Epic also A1. te-; future -naṅkṣyati-; infinitive mood -naṣṭum- ), to be lost, disappear, vanish etc. ; to flee, escape : Causal -ṇāśyati-, to cause to disappear or perish etc. ; to allow to be lost id est leave unrewarded | | | prapaś | P. -paśyati- (Epic also A1. te-), to see before one's eyes, look at, observe, behold etc. ; to judge, discern ; to know, understand ; to regard as, take for (two accusative) | | | pratiniras | P. -asyati-, to throw back | | | pratipaś | only proper P. -paśyati-, to look at, perceive, see, behold ; to live to see, experience ; (A1. te-) to see in one's own possession | | | pratisamas | P. -asyati- (ind.p. -āsam-), to put back again to its place | | | pratyas | P. -asyati-, to throw to or down ; to turn over or round | | | pravyas | P. -asyati-, to lay down, place upon (locative case) | | | prayas | P. -y/asyati- (see ), to begin to bubble ; to endeavour, labour, strive after (dative case) | | | psā | cl.2 P. () ps/āti- (imperative psāhi-, psātu- ; perfect tense papsau- grammar; Aorist apsāsīt- ; preceding psāyāt- ;or pseyāt- grammar; future psāsyati-, psātā- ; ind.p. -ps/āya- ; Passive voice imperfect tense apsīyata- ), to chew, swallow, devour, eat, consume ; to go bhsā- equals bhasā-= bhas-+ ā-; see mnā-and man-, yā-and i-etc.)'> | | | rā | or rās- cl.2 P. () r/āti- (Vedic or Veda also A1. rāt/e-; imperative rirīhi-, rarāsva-, raridhvam-; parasmE-pada rarāṇa-;3. sg. r/arate-and rāsate-; perfect tense rarim/a-, rar/e-; Aorist /arāsma- subjunctive r/ātat-etc. Potential rāsīya-; Classical forms are only proper rāti-; future rātā- ; rāsyati- infinitive mood rātave- ), to grant, give, bestow, impart, yield, surrender | | | ras | (rather Nom.fr. rasa-below) cl.10 P. () rasa4yati (rarely A1. te- Epic also rasati-and rasyati-), to taste, relish etc. ; to feel, perceive, be sensible of ; to love : Desiderative rirasayiṣati-, to desire to taste | | | samabhyas | P. -asyati-, to practise, exercise | | | samanupaś | P. A1. -paśyati-, te- (only present tense base) , to look well after, look at or on ; to perceive, observe ; to regard as, consider | | | samas | P. -asyati- (Ved. infinitive mood sam-/āsam-), to throw or put together, add, combine, compound, mix, mingle, connect : Passive voice -asyate-, to be put together or combined etc. ; (in gram.) to be compounded, form a compound | | | saṃdaśasya | Nom. P. -daśasyati-, to remit, pardon (a sin) | | | saṃdṛś | f. (e- dative case as infinitive mood; see above) sight, appearance (samyak paśyati yaḥ-,"one who sees well or thoroughly") | | | saṃnyas | P. -asyati- (rarely -asati-), to, throw down together, place or put or lay together ; to impose, put or lay upon, intrust or commit to (genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to put or lay down, deposit etc. ; to lay aside, give up, abandon, resign (especially the world id est become an ascetic or saṃnyāsin-) | | | sampaś | P. A1. -paśyati-, te- (occurring only in present; see saṃ-dṛś-), to see at the same time, survey (A1."to look at each other", also ="to be together") ; to see, behold, perceive, recognize (yasya sam-paśyataḥ-,"before whose eyes") etc. ; to look at, inspect, review ; to see id est admit into one's presence, receive ; to look upon as, regard as, (two accusative) ; to attend to, ponder, consider etc. ; to count over or up, calculate, recapitulate | | | sampraṇaś | (2 naś-) P. -ṇaśyati-, to be lost, vanish, disappear | | | saṃtras | P. -trasati-, or -trasyati-, to tremble all over, be greatly terrified or frightened etc.: Causal -trāsayati-, to cause to tremble, frighten, terrify | | | samupanyas | P. -asyati-, to lay down fully, state at full length | | | saṃyas | cl.4.1. P. -yasyati-, -yasati-, to make effort etc. | | | snā | (confer, compare snu-) cl.2 P. () sn/āti- cl.4 P. () snāyati- (Epic also A1. snāyate- Potential snāyāt-; Epic also snāyīta-; perfect tense sasnau-,3. plural sasnuḥ- ; future snātā- grammar; snāsyati-, te- etc.; Aorist asnāsīt- grammar; preceding snāyāt-[ confer, compare above] or sneyāt- ; infinitive mood snātum- etc.; ind.p. snātv/ā-, -sn/āya- etc.;Ved. also snātvī- ), to bathe, perform the ceremony of bathing or certain prescribed oblations (especially on returning home from the house of a religious preceptor, or on concluding certain vows etc., also with avabhṛtham-) etc. ; to smear one's self with (instrumental case) : Passive voice snāyate- (Aorist asnāyi- impersonal or used impersonally) : Causal snāp/ayati- or snap/ayati-, (with preposition only snāp-), to cause to bathe, wash, cleanse etc. ; to wash away ; to steep or soak in (locative case) ; to bathe with tears, weep for(?) : Desiderative sisnāsati- (but confer, compare siṣṇāsu-): Intensive sāsnāyate-, sāsnāti-, sāsneti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin nare.]) | | | śo | (confer, compare 1. śi-) cl.3 P. A1. śiśāti-, ś/iśīte- (accord to also cl.4 P. śyati- confer, compare ni-śo-; perfect tense śaśau- grammar; parasmE-pada śaśān/a- ; Aorist aśīta- confer, compare saṃ-śo-; aśāt-or aśāsīt- grammar; preceding śāyāt- ; future śātā-, śāśyati- ; indeclinable ś/āya- ), to whet, sharpen (A1."one's own"weapons or horns) : Passive voice śāyate- grammar : Causal śāyayati- ; Desiderative śiśāsati- : Intensive śāśāyate-, śaśeti-, śāśāti- [? confer, compare Greek etc.] | | | sthā | cl.1 P. A1. () t/iṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense tasth/au-, tasthe- etc.; Aorist /asthāt-, /asthita- ;3. plural asthiran- ; āsthat-[?] ; asthiṣi-, ṣata- etc.; subjunctive sthāti-, sth/āthaḥ- ; preceding stheyāt- ; stheṣam-, ṣuḥ-[?] ; sthāsīṣṭa- grammar; future sthātā- etc.; sthāsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sth/ātum- ; tos- ; -sthitum- ; ind.p. sthitvā- etc.; -sth/āya- etc.; -sthāyam- ), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on (with pādābhyām-,"to stand on the feet";with jānubhyām-,"to kneel";with agre-or agratas-and genitive case,"to stand or present one's self before";with puras-and with or without genitive case,"to stand up against an enemy etc.") etc. ; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (exempli gratia, 'for example' with kanyā-,"to remain a girl or unmarried";with tūṣṇīm-or with maunena- instrumental case"to remain silent";with sukham-,"to continue or feel well") etc. ; to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with locative case; exempli gratia, 'for example' with rājye-,"to continue governing";with śāsane-,"to practise obedience";with bale-,"to exercise power";with sva-dharme-,"to do one's duty";with sva-karmaṇi-,"to keep to one's own business";with saṃśaye-,"to persist in doubting";also with ind.p. exempli gratia, 'for example' dharmam āśritya-,"to practise virtue") etc. ; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to"perish"), endure, last etc. ; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand etc. ; to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dative case genitive case,or locative case) etc. ; (A1. mc. also P. confer, compare ) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (locative case or dative case) etc. ; to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (See under sthitvā-below) etc. ; to behave or conduct one's self (with samam-,"to behave equally towards any one" locative case) ; to be directed to or fixed on (locative case) ; to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (locative case) ; to rely on, confide in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' mayi sthitvā-,"confiding in me") ; to stay at, resort to (accusative) ; to arise from (ablative or genitive case) ; to desist or cease from (ablative) ; to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only imperative and Potential) : Passive voice sthīyate- (Aorist asthāyi-), to be stood etc. (frequently used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' mayā sthīyatām-,"let it be abided by me" id est"I must abide") etc. etc.: Causal sthāpayati-, te- (Aorist /atiṣṭhipat-; ind.p. sthāpayitvā-[ q.v ] and -sth/āpam-: Passive voice sthāpyate-), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute etc. ; to set up, erect, raise, build ; to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm etc. ; to prop up, support, maintain ; to affirm, assent ; to appoint (to any office locative case) etc. ; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two accusative;with dhātrīm-,"to employ any one as a nurse";with rakṣārtham-,"to appoint any one as guardian";with sajjam-,"to make anything ready";with su-rakṣitam-,"to keep anything well guarded";with svīkṛtya-,"to make anything one's own";with pariśeṣam-,"to leave anything over or remaining") etc. ; to fix, settle, determine, resolve etc. ; to fix in or on, lead or bring into, direct or turn towards (locative case,rarely accusative;with hṛdi-,"to impress on the heart";with manas-,"to fix the mind on") etc. ; to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' with naye-,"to instruct in a plan or system") ; to make over or deliver up to (locative case or haste-with genitive case,"into the hands of") ; to give in marriage ; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain (with baddhvā-,"to keep bound or imprisoned") etc. ; to place aside, keep, save, preserve : Desiderative of Causal -sthāpayiṣati- (See saṃ-sthā-): Desiderative t/iṣṭhāsati-, to wish to stand etc. : Intensive teṣṭhīyate- ; tāstheti-, tāsthāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin stare; Lithuanian sto4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian stati; German sta7n,stehen; English stand.]) | | | svatā | f. the state of belonging to one's self, ownership (-tām paśyati-,"he thinks it belongs to him"; rāja-svatām upapadyate-,"it accrues to the king's ownership") | | | śyai | cl.1 P. śyāyati-, to cause to congeal or freeze ; (A1.) śyāyate- (grammar also perfect tense śaśye-; Aorist aśyāsta-; future śyātā-, śyāsyate-), to go, move : Passive voice śīyate-, to congeal, freeze, be cold : Causal śyāpayati- grammar : Desiderative śiśyāsate- : Intensive śāśyāyate-, śāśyeti-, śāśyāti- | | | taṃs | (cl.1. P. sati-,to decorate ; A1. sate-[aor. ataṃsiṣṭa-]to decorate one's self ; perfect tense tatasr/e-) "to move", pour out (figuratively a wish) : Causal taṃsayati- (cl.10."to decorate"; imperfect tense ataṃsayat-), to draw to and fro : Intensive , irregular tantasyati-,"to afflict"or"to be distressed" (confer, compare vi-taṃs-) gaRa kaṇḍv-ādi- ; ([fr. tan-?; confer, compare t/asara-; Gothic at-pinsan;Old German dinsan,"to draw."]) | | | tras | cl.1. tr/asati- () , cl.4. trasyati- ( etc.; Epic also A1.; perfect tense 3. tatrasur-[ ] or tresur-[ ] ) to tremble, quiver, be afraid of (ablative genitive case,rarely instrumental case) and (parasmE-pada f. tar/asantī-) etc.: Causal trāsayati- (Epic also A1.) to cause to tremble, frighten, scare ; ([ confer, compare Zendtares;; Latin terreo.]) | | | udas | P. -asyati-, to cast or throw up ; to raise, erect, elevate ; to throw out, expel ; to throw (a weapon) | | | udvyudas | P. -asyati-, to give up wholly or completely | | | upadas | P. -dasyati- (subjunctive -dasat- ) to fail, be wanting, be extinguished or exhausted, dry up ; to want, lose, be deprived of (instrumental case) : Causal -dāsayati-, to cause to fail or cease, extinguish | | | upanyas | P. -asyati-, to place down, put down ; to announce ; to speak of, mention ; to explain ; to hint, allude, suggest | | | upās | ( upa-- 2 as-) P. -asyati-, to throw off, throw or cast down upon, throw under : A1. -asyate-, to throw (anything) under one's self | | | urasya | Nom. P. urasyati-, to be strong-chested, be strong | | | uṣasya | Nom. (fr. uṣas- gaRa kaṇḍv-ādi- [not in ]) P. uṣasyati-, to grow light, dawn. | | | utpaś | (ud-paś-) P. -paśyati- (parasmE-pada -p/aśyat-. Passive voice ud-dṛśyate-) to see or descry overhead ; to descry before or in the future ; to foresee, expect ; to behold, perceive, descry | | | vā | cl.2 P. () v/āti- (perfect tense vavau- etc.; Aorist avāsīt- ; future vāsyati- ; infinitive mood vātum- ), to blow (as the wind) etc. ; to procure or bestow anything (accusative) by blowing ; to blow towards or upon (accusative) ; to emit an odour, be diffused (as perfume) ; to smell (trans.) (varia lectio) ; to hurt, injure : Causal vāpayati- See nir-vā- and confer, compare vājaya-: Desiderative vivāsati- See 1. van-. ([ confer, compare Greek for ; Latin ventus; Slavonic or Slavonian vejati; Gothic waian,winds; German wa7jan,woejen,wehen,Wind; Anglo-Saxon wa7wan; English wind.]) | | | vas | (also written bas-) cl.4 P. vasyati-, to be or make firm | | | vāś | cl.4 A1. () vāśyate- (Epic also vāśyati-,Ved. and Epic also v/āśati-, te-; perfect tense vavāśe-, śire-;in also vāvaśre-and p. vāvaśān/a-; Aorist avāśiṣṭa- ; future vāśitā-, vāśiṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood vāśitum- ; ind.p. vāśitvā-, -vāśya- ), to roar, howl, bellow, bleat, low (as a cow), cry, shriek, sing (like a bird), sound, resound etc. etc.: Causal vāśayati- (Aorist avavāśat-,in also avīvaśat-, /avīvaśanta-), to cause to roar or low or resound or thunder ; (A1.) to roar or sound aloud : Desiderative vivāśiṣate- grammar : Intensive vāvāśyate- (varia lectio rārāśyate- ), vāvaṣṭi- (imperfect tense Aorist /avāvaśanta-, vāvaśanta-, avāvaśītām-; parasmE-pada v/āvaśat-), to roar or scream or sound aloud ([ vāś-is sometimes wrongly written vās-.]) | | | ve | (see ūy-) cl.1 P. A1. () v/ayati-, te- (perfect tense parasmE-pada vavau-or uvāya-;2. sg. uvayitha- grammar;3. plural vavuḥ- ; ūvuḥ- ; ūyuḥ- ; A1. vave-, ūve-, ūye- grammar; Aorist avāsīt-, avāsta- grammar; preceding ūyāt-, vāsīṣṭa- ; future vātā- ; vāsyati-, te- ; vayiṣy/ati- ; infinitive mood /otum-, /otave-, /otav/ai- ; v/ātave- ), to weave, interweave, braid, plait (figuratively to string or join together artificially, make, compose exempli gratia, 'for example' speeches, hymns) etc. ; to make into a cover, into a web or web-like covering, overspread as with a web (said of a cloud-like mass of arrows filling the air) : Passive voice ūyate- (Aorist avāyi-) grammar : Causal vāyayati- : Desiderative vivāsati-, te- : Intensive vāvāyate-, vāveti-, vāvāti- | | | vidas | P. -dasyati-, or -dasati-, to waste away, become exhausted, come to an end ; to be wanting, fail (with ablative of Persian) | | | vinaś | P. -naśati-, or -naśyati- (future -naśiṣyati-or -naṅkṣyati-; infinitive mood -naśitum-or -naṃṣṭum-), to be utterly lost, perish, disappear, vanish etc. ; to come to nothing, be frustrated or foiled ; to be deprived of (ablative) ; to destroy, annihilate : Causal -nāśayati- (Aorist vy-anīnaśat-), to cause to be utterly lost or ruined or to disappear or vanish etc. etc. (once in with genitive case for accusative) ; to frustrate, disappoint, render ineffective (a weapon) ; to suffer to be lost or ruined ; (Aorist) to be lost, perish | | | vinyas | P. -asyati- (rarely -asati-), to put or place down in different places, spread out, distribute, arrange etc. ; to put down, deposit, place or lay on, fix in, turn or direct towards, apply to (locative case) etc. ; to mark or designate by (instrumental case) ; to entrust or make over to (locative case) | | | vipaś | P. -paśyati- (rarely te-), to see in different places or in detail, discern, distinguish ; to observe, perceive, learn, know | | | vipraṇaś | (2 naś-) P. -ṇaśyati-, -ṇaśati-, to be lost, perish, disappear ; to have no effect or result, bear no fruit : Causal -ṇāśayati-, to cause to be lost or perish | | | vitras | P. -trasati-, -trasyati-, to tremble, be frightened etc.: Causal -trāsayati-, to cause to tremble, terrify | | | vyas | as- P. -asyati- (Epic perfect tense vivyāsa-as if fr. a vyas-), to throw or cast asunder or about or away, throw (effort) into, divide, separate, dispose, arrange ; scatter, disperse ; expel, remove etc. | | | vye | cl.1 P. A1. () vy/ayati-, te- (perfect tense P. vivyāya-,2. sg. vivyayitha- grammar;2. dual number vivyathus- ; A1. vivy/e- -vyay/āṃ cakāra- ; Aorist avyat-, avyata- ; avyāsīt-, avyāsta- grammar; preceding vīyāt-, vyāsīṣṭa- ; future vyātā- ; vyāsyati-, te- ; vyayiṣye- ; ind.p. -v/īya- etc.; -vāya- grammar), to cover, clothe, wrap, envelop (A1. also,"one's self") : Pass. vīy/ate- (pr. p. vīy/amāna-), to be covered etc. : Causal vyāyayati- grammar : Desiderative vivyāsati-, te- ; Intensive vevīyate-, vāvyeti-, vāvyāti- | | | vyudas | P. -asyati-, to throw about, scatter ; to discharge, emit ; to cast off, reject, give up, abandon | | | yā | (collateral form of5. i-) cl.2 P. () y/āti- (1. plural yāmahe- ; imperfect tense 3. plural ayuḥ- ; ayān- Scholiast or Commentator; perfect tense yay/au-, yay/ātha-, yay/a-, yay/uḥ- etc.; yaye- ; Aorist ayāsam-or ayāsiṣam-; subjunctive y/āsat-, yeṣam-, yāsiṣat- ; preceding yāsiṣīṣṭhās- ; future yātā- etc.; yāsyati- ; te- ; infinitive mood yātum- etc.;Ved. infinitive mood y/ai-, y/ātave-or v/ai-; ind.p. yātv/ā- ; -y/āya-, -yāyam- ), to go, proceed, move, walk, set out, march, advance, travel, journey (often with instrumental case or accusative of the way, especially with gatim-, mārgam-, adhvānam-, panthānam-, padavīm-, yātrām-) etc. ; to go away, withdraw, retire etc. ; (also with palāyya-) to flee, escape (with kṣemeṇa-or svasti-,to escape unscathed ) ; to go towards or against, go or come to, enter, approach, arrive at, reach etc. etc. (with accusative often followed by prati- exempli gratia, 'for example' with gṛham-,to enter a house;with ripum prati-,to march against the enemy;with mṛgayām-,to go out hunting;with śirasāmahīm-,to bow down to the ground with the head;with prakṛtim-,to return to one's natural state;with karṇau-,to come to the ears, be heard;with utsavād utsavam-,to go from one festival to another;with hastam- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',to fall into the hands of;with patham-or gocaram- in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound',to come within range of; especially with the accusative of an abstract noun = to go to any state or condition, become, be exempli gratia, 'for example' vināśaṃ yāti-,he goes to destruction id est he is destroyed; kāṭhinyaṃ yāti-,it becomes hard; dveṣyatāṃ yāti-,he becomes hated;similarly nidhanaṃ-yā-,to die; nidrāṃ-yā-,to fall asleep; udayaṃ-yā-,to rise, said of stars etc.;sometimes also with locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' yāhi rājñah sakāśe-,go into the presence of the king ;or even with dative case exempli gratia, 'for example' yayatuḥ sva-niveśāya-,both went home ; na cātmane kṛpaṇasya dhanaṃ yāti-,nor does the wealth of the miser go to [i.e. benefit] himself. ; phalebhyo yāti-,he goes to [fetch] fruits Scholiast or Commentator) ; to go to for any request, implore, solicit (with two accusative) ; (with striyam-) to go to a woman for sexual intercourse ; to go to for any purpose (infinitive mood) ; often with adverbs exempli gratia, 'for example' with bahir-, to go out ; with adho-, to go down, sink ; with khaṇḍaśo- or dalaśo-, to fall to pieces ; with śata-dhā-, to fall into a hundred pieces ; to extend to (accusative) ; to last for (accusative) ; to pass away, elapse (said of time) etc. ; to vanish, disappear (as wealth) ; to come to pass, prosper, succeed ; to proceed, behave, act ; to find out, discover ; to receive or learn (a science) from (ablative) ; to undertake, undergo (accusative) ; imperative yātu-, be it as it may : Passive voice yāyate-, to be gone or moved : Causal yāp/ayati- (Aorist ayīyapat-), to cause to depart, cause to go or march, dismiss ; to cause to go towards (accusative) (see yāpita-) ; to direct (the gaze) towards (locative case) (varia lectio pātayati-) ; to drive away remove, cure (a disease) ; to cause to pass or elapse, pass or spend (time) etc. ; to live (pāli- yāpeti-) ; to cause to subsist, support, maintain ; to induce : Desiderative yiyāsati-, to intend or be about to go, desire to proceed etc.: Intensive īyāyate- (?) , to move ; yāyayate-, yāyeti-, yāyāti- grammar | | | yadi | ind. (in veda- also y/adī-,sometimes yadi cit-, yadi ha vai-, y/ad/īt-, y/ady u-, yady u vai-) if, in case that etc. etc. In the earlier language yadi- may be joined with Indic. subjunctive or leṭ- Potential , or future , the consequent clause of the conditional sentence being generally without any particle. In the later language yadi- may be joined with present tense (followed in consequent clause by another present tense exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi jīvati bhadrāṇi paśyati-,"if he lives he beholds prosperity", or by future or by imperative or by Potential or by no verb) ; or it may be joined with Potential (exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi rājā daṇḍaṃ na praṇayet-,"if the king were not to inflict punishment", followed by another Potential or by Conditional or by present tense or by imperative or by future or by no verb) ; or it may be joined with future (exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi na kariṣyanti tat-,"if they will not do that", followed by another future or by present tense or by imperative or by no verb) ; or it may be joined with Conditional (exempli gratia, 'for example' yady anujñām adāsyat-,"if he should give permission", followed by another Conditional or by Potential or by Aorist) ; or it may be joined with Aorist (exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi prajā-patir na vapur arsrākṣīt-,"if the Creator had not created the body", followed by Conditional or by Potential or by perfect tense) ; or it may be joined with imperative or even with perfect tense (exempli gratia, 'for example' yady āha-,"if he had said") . There may be other constructions, and in the consequent clauses some one of the following may be used: atha-, atra-, tad-, tena-, tatas-, tataḥ param-, tadā-, tarhi-, tadānīm-. Observe that yadi- may sometimes = "as sure as"(especially in asseverations, followed by imperative with or without tathā-or tena-or followed by Potential with tad-) etc.; or it may ="whether"(followed by present tense or Potential or no verb exempli gratia, 'for example' yadi-na vā-,"whether-or not", and sometimes kim-is added) ; or it may ="that"(after verbs of"not believing"or"doubting" , with present tense or Potential exempli gratia, 'for example' nāśaṃse yadi jīvanti-,"I do not expect that they are alive" see ) ; or if placed after duṣkaraṃ- or kathaṃ cid- it may ="hardly","scarcely" ; or it may = "if perchance","perhaps"(with Potential with or without iti-,or with future or present tense) etc. The following are other combinations: yadi tāvat-,"how would it be if"(with present tense or imperative) |
|
|
Feedback
icon to enable a popup keybord and you can toggle between देवनागरी and IAST characters. If you want a system software for typing easily in देवनागरी or IAST you can download our software called SanskritWriter