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abhijuṣ | (subjunctive -j/ujoṣat-; pr.p. -juṣāṇ/a-) to be pleased with, like  |
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abhisaṃskṛ | -s-karoti-, to shape, form : A1. (subjunctive 1. sg. -s-kar/avai-) to render or make one's self (ātmānam-) anything (wished to be accusative)  |
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abhyāram | ind. (see ār/a-) near, at hand  |
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adharāttāt | (adhar/āt--) ind. below, beneath  |
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adhvaravat | (adhvar/a--) mfn. containing the word adhvara-  |
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āghṛ | -jigharti- (1. sg. -jigharmi-) to sprinkle (with fat) ; to throw towards (locative case) : Caus. -ghār/ayati-, to sprinkle  |
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agnyāgāra | See agny-agār/a-.  |
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agnyālaya | m. equals agny-agār/a-.  |
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ākṛ | -kṛṇoti- (imperative 2. sg. P. -kṛdhi-and A1. -kṛṇuṣva-; perf. A1. -cakre-) to bring near or towards : A1. (subjunctive 1. plural -karāmahe-; imperfect tense -akṛṇuta-, perf. -cakre-, parasmE-pada -cakrāṇ/a-) to drive near or together (as cows or cattle) : P. (imperative 2. sg. -kṛdhi-; ind.p. -k/ṛtya-) to drive near ; (perf. 1. plural -cakrim/ā-) to serve or prepare a sacrifice to (dative case) ; (imperfect tense ākarot-) to call near (a deity) : Causal -kārayati-, to call near, invite to a place ; to ask any one (accusative) for anything (accusative) : Desiderative -cikīrṣati-, to intend to accomplish : Intensive parasmE-pada -c/arikrat-, attracting repeatedly towards one's self  |
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ākram | P. A1. (parasmE-pada P. -krāmat- ; parasmE-pada A1. ā-kr/amamāṇa- ; Aorist ā-akramīt- ; perf. p. A1. -cakramāṇ/a- ; ind.p. -kr/amya- etc.) to step or go near to, come towards, approach, visit etc. ; to step or tread upon (accusative [ etc.] or locative case [ ]) ; (ind.p. -kramya-) to hold fast with the hands, seize ; to attack, invade (Inf. -kramitum-) ; (in astronomy) to eclipse ; to undertake, begin (with infinitive mood) : A1. -kramate- ( ; future parasmE-pada -kraṃsy/amāna-) to rise, mount, ascend etc.: Causal -kramayati-, to cause to come or step near ; to cause any one (instrumental case) to enter into (accusative) : Desiderative -cikraṃsate-, to wish to ascend  |
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akṣ | (perhaps a kind of old Desiderative of1. aś-) cl.1.5. akṣati-, akṣṇoti- ( ; future akṣiṣyati-or akṣyati- ; Aorist ākṣīt-,3. dual number ākṣiṣṭām-or āṣṭām- ; perf. ānakṣa-[ commentator or commentary ] , but A1. parasmE-pada [with the Vedic weak stem ākṣ- see perf. āś-uḥ-3. plural etc. fr.1. aś-] ākṣāṇ/a-),; to reach ; to pass through, penetrate, pervade, embrace ; to accumulate (to form the cube?) : Causal akṣayati-, ācikṣat-, to cause to pervade : Desiderative acikṣiṣati- or acikṣati-  |
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alaṃmanas | mfn. satisfied in mind (see ar/amaṇas- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order /aram-.)  |
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am | the termination am- in the comparative and other forms used as ind. exempli gratia, 'for example' pratar/am-, etc., (gaRa svar-ādi- q.v)  |
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amāvāsya | n. ([ ]) neighbourhood ([perhaps for -vāśtya-,"lowing (of cows) at home", as the word is used together with ā-gar/a-and prati-krośa-])  |
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antarābhara | See antar/ā-.  |
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anuvatsarīṇa | ([ etc.]) ([ ]) mfn. referring to the anuvatsar/a-.  |
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anuvatsarīya | ([ ]) mfn. referring to the anuvatsar/a-.  |
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anyatodat | mfn. equals anyatar/ato-danta- q.v  |
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apagara | m. (1. gṝ-), reviler (special function of a priest at a sacrifice) (see abhigar/a-.)  |
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aparam | ind. (/aparam-[ ]or apar/am-[ ]) in future, for the future  |
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apsaras | ās- ([ etc.]) , or ap-sar/ā- ([AV. etc.]), f. (fr. 2. /ap-+ sṛ-),"going in the waters or between the waters of the clouds", a class of female divinities (sometimes called"nymphs";they inhabit the sky, but often visit the earth;they are the wives of the gandharva-s(q.v)and have the faculty of changing their shapes at will;they are fond of the water;one of their number, rambhā-, is said to have been produced at the churning of the ocean).  |
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ara | mfn. in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' "going" see samar/a-  |
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araka | m. the jaina- division of time called ar/a- , the plant Blyxa Octandra  |
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arāla | mfn. (see ar/a-,fr. ṛ-; Intensive for arāra-?), crooked, curved (an-- negative"straight") , etc.  |
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aramaṇas | (ar/a--) and mati- (ar/a-) See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order /aram-.  |
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aramaṇas | (ar/a--) mfn. ready to serve, obedient  |
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araṇī | f. = ar/aṇi-1  |
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āre | ind. (locative case;See ār/āt-) far, far from, outside, without  |
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ārtana | mfn. ([connected with ār/āt-and ār/e- ]) uncultivated, waste, desert  |
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arvāk | ind. (gaRa svar-ādi- q.v) hither, (opposite to p/arāk-, par/as-, parastāt-)  |
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aṣṭi | f. (1. aś-), reaching (see jar/ad-aṣṭi-, vy/aṣṭi-, s/amaṣṭi-.)  |
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avacara | m. the dominion or sphere or department of (in compound See kāmāvacara-, dhyānāv-,etc.) (see tālāvacara-and yajñāvacar/a-.)  |
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avadrai | (future p. -drāsy/at-) to fall asleep (see an-avadrāṇ/a-.)  |
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avāra | n. (fr. 2. /ava-,but formed after a-pār/a- q.v) Ved. this side, the near bank of a river  |
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avaraparam | ind. one upon the other , successively (see avaras-par/a-below) .  |
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avāratas | (avar/a--) ind. to this side  |
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bāṇa | m. or vāṇ/a- ( ), b/āṇa- ( ;later more usually vāṇa- q.v) a reed-shaft, shaft made of a reed, an arrow etc.  |
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bāṇa | m. the udder of a cow (vāṇ/a- )  |
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bāṇa | m. music (for vāṇ/a-) equals kevala-,  |
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bharadvāja | m. (bhar/ad--) "bearing speed or strength (of flight)", a skylark  |
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bhṛ | cl.1 P. A1. ( ) bh/arati-, te- ; cl.3 P. A1. ( ) b/ibharti- (bibh/arti-only ), bibhṛte- ; cl.2 P. bh/arti- (parasmE-pada P. b/ibhrat-, q.v; A1. bibhrāṇa-with act. meaning , bibhramāṇa-with pass. meaning ; perfect tense jabh/āra-, jabh/arat-; jabhre-, ajabhartana- ; babhāra-, babhṛma- etc.; parasmE-pada babhrāṇ/a-with pass. meaning ; bibharāmbabhūva- , rām-āsa- ; Aorist abhār- ; bhart/am-, bhṛt/am- ; abhṛta- grammar; abhārṣam- subjunctive bharṣat- ; abhāriṣam- ; preceding bhriyāsam-, yāt- ; future bhariṣyati- Conditional /abhariṣyat- ; bhart/ā- ; infinitive mood bh/artum-, bh/artave-, bh/artav/ai-,Ved.; bh/aradhyai- ; ind.p. -bh/ṛtya- etc.) , to bear, carry, convey, hold ("on"or"in" locative case) etc. ; to wear id est let grow (hair, beard, nails) etc. ; to balance, hold in equipoise (as a pair of scales) ; to bear id est contain, possess, have, keep (also"keep in mind") etc. ; to support, maintain, cherish, foster ; to hire, pay ; to carry off or along (A1. bharate-,"for one's self" id est gain, obtain, or =ferri"to be borne along") ; to bring, offer, procure, grant, bestow etc. ; to endure, experience, suffer, undergo ; to lift up, raise (the voice or a sound; A1. bharate-,also "to rise, be heard") ; to fill (the stomach) ; (with garbham-) to conceive, become pregnant (confer, compare under dhṛ-) ; (with kṣitim-) to take care of, rule, govern ; (with, ājñām-) to submit to, obey ; (with ūrjām-) to exert, employ : Passive voice bhriy/ate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist abhāri-), to be borne etc. etc. etc.: Causal bhārayati- (Aorist abībharat-), to cause to bear etc. ; to engage for hire : Desiderative b/ubhūrṣati- ( ), bibhariṣati- ( ) , to wish to bear or support or maintain: Intensive b/aribharti- (3. plural bhrati- , where also 2. dual number jarbhṛt/aḥ-), barībharti- ( ), to bear repeatedly or continually, carry hither and thither. [ confer, compare Zend bar; Greek ; Latin fero; Slavonic or Slavonian brati; Gothic bai4ran; German beran,ge-ba0ren; English bear.]  |
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brāhmaṇya | mfn. (fr. brāhmaṇ/a-) fit for Brahmans  |
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bṛh | or bṛṃh- cl.1 P. ( ) bṛṃhati- (also te- and bṛhati- ; perfect tense babarha- ; parasmE-pada babṛhāṇ/a- ), to be thick, grow great or strong, increase (the finite verb only with a preposition): Causal bṛṃhayati-, te- (also written vṛ-), to make big or fat or strong, increase, expand, further, promote ; barhayati- See sam-bṛh-: Intensive barbṛhat-, barbṛhi- See upa-bṛh-.  |
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caitra | m. equals caitriyāyaṇ/a- on  |
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cakṣaṇa | n. (for jakṣ-?) eating a relish to promote drinking (see viśv/a--; abhi--and prati-c/akṣ-; vi-cakṣaṇ/a-.)  |
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cana | ind. (ca n/a- ) and not, also not, even not, not even (this particle is placed after the word to which it gives force;a preceding verb is accentuated[ ];in Vedic language it is generally, but not always, found without any other negative particle, whereas in the later language another negative is usually added exempli gratia, 'for example' /āpaś can/apr/a minanti vrat/aṃ vāṃ-,"not even the waters violate your ordinance" ; n/āha vivyāca pṛthiv/ī can/āinaṃ-,"the earth even does not contain him", iii, 36, 4;in class. Sanskrit it is only used after the interrogatives k/a-, katar/a-, katam/a-, katham-, k/ad-, kad/ā-, kim-, k/utas-, kva-,making them indefinite) etc. also  |
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car | cl.1. c/arati-, rarely te- (subjunctive c/arat-,3 plural c/arān- ; perf. cac/āra-[ etc.] , 2 sg. cacartha- ; plural cerur-,etc.; ratur- etc.; A1. cere- ; future cariṣyati-, te-; Aorist acārīt-[ ]; infinitive mood c/aritum-[ ]or cartum-[ ] , Vedic or Veda car/adhyai-[ ], c/aritave-[ ], car/ase-[ ], car/āyai-[ ], caritos-[ ]; ind.p. caritv/ā- ; cartvā- ; cīrtvā-, ; parasmE-pada c/arat-) to move one's self, go, walk, move, stir, roam about, wander (said of men, animals, water, ships, stars, etc.) etc. ; to spread, be diffused (as fire) ; to move or travel through, pervade, go along, follow etc. ; to behave, conduct one's self, act, live, treat (with instrumental case or locative case) etc. ; to be engaged in, occupied or busy with (instr exempli gratia, 'for example' yajñ/ena c-,"to be engaged in a sacrifice" ) etc. ; (with[ ]or without[ ] mithun/am-) to have intercourse with, have to do with (instrumental case) ; (with a parasmE-pada or adjective (cf. mfn.) or ind.p. or adverb) to continue performing or being (exempli gratia, 'for example' arcantaś cerur-,"they continued worshipping" ; svāminam avajñāya caret-,"he may go on despising his master" ) etc. ; (in astronomy) to be in any asterism or conjunction ; to undertake, set about, under go, observe, practise, do or act in general, effect, make (exempli gratia, 'for example' vrat/āni-"to observe vows" etc.; vighnaṃ c-,"to put a hindrance" ; bhaikṣaṃ c-"to beg" ; vivādaṃ c-,"to be engaged in a lawsuit" ; mṛgayāṃ c-,"to hunt" ; sambandhāṃś c-,"to enter into connections" ; mārgaṃ cacāra bāṇaiḥ-,"he made a way with arrows" ; tapasā indriyāṇi c-,to exercise one's organs with penance ) etc. ; to consume, eat (with accusative), graze ; to make or render (with double accusative) exempli gratia, 'for example' nar/endraṃ satya-sthaṃ carāma-,"let us make the king keep his word" : Causal cārayati-, to cause to move or walk about (Aorist /acīcarat-) ; to pasture ; to send, direct, turn, move etc. ; to cause any one (accusative) to walk through (accusative) ; to drive away from (ablative) ; to cause any one (accusative) to practise or perform (with accusative) ; to cause (any animal accusative) to eat ; to cause to copulate ; to ascertain (as through a spy instrumental case) ; to doubt (see vi--) : Desiderative cicariṣati-, to try to go (parasmE-pada cicarṣat-) ; to wish to act or conduct one's self ; to try to have intercourse with (instrumental case), : Intensive carcarīti- A1. or rarely ([ ]) Passive voice cañcūryate- (curīti-and cūrti- ; ind.p. cūrya- ; parasmE-pada once P. cūryat- ) to move quickly or repeatedly, walk about, roam about (in locative case) etc. ; to act wantonly or coquettishly (see ) ; ([ see, etc.]) |
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caratha | n. going, wandering, course ( car/ātha-) ; iii, 31, 15; viii, 33, 8; x, 92, 13  |
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dadhyac | m. (Nominal verb -/aṅ- accusative -/añcam-; dative case dhīc/e- genitive case dhīc/as-; see ) "sprinkling d/adhi- " (see dhi-kr/ā-and ghṛtāī-) Name of a mythical ṛṣi- or sacrificer ( and [called aṅgiras-] [ āṅgirasa-] ;son of atharvan-[ see ātharvaṇ/a-] ;having the head of a horse and teaching the aśvin-s to find in tvaṣṭṛ-'s house the m/adhu-or soma- ;favoured by indra- [ ] who slays 99 vṛtra-s or foes with a thunderbolt made of his bones ;propounder of the brāhmaṇa- called m/adhu- )  |
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dara | mfn. ( ) ( dṝ-) in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' , cleaving, breaking See puraṃ-dar/a-, bhagaṃ--  |
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dhiṣa | See nar/aṃ--.  |
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dhṛ | cl.1 P. A1. dharati-, te- ( ; A1. Potential dhareran- ), but more commonly in the same sense the Causal form dhārayati-, te- (perf. P. dādh/āra-, dh/artha-[Impv. dadhartu- ]; A1. dadhr/e-,3. plural dhrir/e- etc.; Aorist adhāram- ; adhṛta-, dhṛthās- ; /adīdharat- etc.[ dīdhar-, didhṛtam-, ta- ;3. plural rata- ]; adārṣīt- grammar; future dhariṣyati- ; ṣy/e- ; dhartā- ; infinitive mood dhartum- , tavai- [ dhart/ari-See under tṛ-]; ind.p. dhṛtvā-, -dhṛtya- ) to hold, bear (also bring forth), carry, maintain, preserve, keep, possess, have, use, employ, practise, undergo etc. ; (with or scil ātmānam-, jīvitam-, prāṇān-, deham-, śarīram-etc.) to preserve soul or body, continue living, survive etc. (especially future dhariṣyati-; confer, compare Passive voice below) ; to hold back, keep down, stop, restrain, suppress, resist etc. ; to place or fix in, bestow or confer on (locative case) etc. ; to destine for (dative case; A1.also to be destined for or belong to) ; to present to (genitive case) ; to direct or turn (attention, mind, etc.) towards, fix or resolve upon (locative case or dative case) ; A1. to be ready or prepared for ; P. A1. to owe anything (accusative) to (dative case or genitive case) (confer, compare ) ; to prolong (in pronunciation) ; to quote, cite ; (with garbham-) to conceive, be pregnant (older bham-bhṛ-) etc. ; (with daṇḍam-) to inflict punishment on (locative case) (also damam-) ; (with keśān-,or śmaśru-) to let the hair or beard grow ; (with raśmīn-[ ] or praharān-[ ]) to draw the reins tight ; (with dharamam-) to fulfil a duty ; (with vrat/am-) to observe or keep a vow etc. ; (with dhāraṇām-) to practise self-control ; (wit. ipas-) to perform penance ; (with mūrdhnā-or dhni-, śirasā-or si-) to bear on the head, honour highly ; (with or scilicet tulayā-) to hold in a balance, weigh, measure etc. ; (with or scilicet manasā-) to bear in mind, recollect, remember ; (with samaye-) to hold to an agreement, cause to make a compact (Bombay edition dṛṣṭvā-for dhṛtvā-): Passive voice dhriy/ate- (Epic also yati-; perfect tense dadhr/e-etc. = A1.; Aorist adhāri-) to be borne etc. ; so be firm, keep steady etc. ; continue living, exist, remain etc. (also dhāryate- ) ; to begin, resolve upon, undertake (dative case; accusative or infinitive mood) : Causal dhār/ayati-, te- See above: Desiderative didhīrṣati- (See ṣā-), didhariṣate- ; didhārayiṣati-, to wish to keep up or preserve (ātmānam-) : Intensive d/ardharti- ( ) and dādharti- (3. plural dhrati- ; confer, compare ) to hold fast, bear firmly, fasten. [ confer, compare Zend dar; Greek ,; Latin fre1-tus,fre1-num.] |
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dhṛṣ | cl.5 P. dhṛṣṇ/oti- etc. ; cl.1 P. dh/arṣati- (parasmE-pada dhṛṣ/at-, ṣ/amāṇa- ; ṣāṇ/a-. ; perf. dadh/arṣa- etc.;3. plural dādhṛṣur- ; subjunctive dadharṣat-, ṣati-, ṣīt- ; dadhṛṣate-, ṣanta- ; parasmE-pada dadhṛṣv/as- ; Aorist adhṛṣas- , adhaṣiṣur- ; future dharṣiṣyati-, ṣitā- grammar; ind.p. -dhṛṣya- ; infinitive mood -dh/ṛṣas-, ṣi- ), to be bold or courageous or confident or proud ; to dare or venture (infinitive mood in tum- ) ; to dare to attack, treat with indignity (accusative) ; to surpass (?) : Causal dharṣayati- ( ; Aorist adīdhṛṣat-,or adadharṣat- grammar) to venture on attacking ; to offend, violate (a woman), overpower, overcome : Desiderative didharṣiṣati-: Intensive darīdhṛṣyate- or darīdharṣṭi- grammar ([ confer, compare Zend dareS; Greek , ; literally dristu; Gothic ga-dars, Anglo-Saxon dors-te, Engl. durs-t.])  |
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drā | cl.2 P. dr/āti- (imperative dr/ātu-, dr/āntu- ; perfect tense dadrur-, parasmE-pada A1. dadrāṇ/a- ; Aorist adrāsīt-; subjunctive drāsat- ), to run, make haste: Causal drāpayati- (Desiderative of Causal d/idrāpayiṣati-) ; Aorist adidrapat- : Intensive d/aridrāti- ; 3 plural daridrati- ; to run hither and thither ; to be in need or poor: Desiderative of Intensive didaridrāsati- and didaridriṣati- Va1rtt. 2 [ confer, compare 2. dru-and dram-; Greek , .] |
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dṛṃh | or dṛh- cl.1 P. d/ṛṃhati-, to make firm, fix, strengthen etc. (parasmE-pada dṛṃh/antam- ) ; A1. te-, to be firm or strong etc. (trans. = P.only in dṛṃh/ethe- dṛṃhāmahai- ) ; cl.4 P. A1. only imperfect tense dṛhya- and hyasva-, be strong ; cl.1. darhati-, to grow ; perfect tense dadarha- or dadṛṃha- ; parasmE-pada A1. dādṛhāṇ/a-, fixing, holding ; fixed, firm ; Aorist /adadṛhanta-, they were fixed or firm : Causal P. A1. dṛṃhayati-, te-, to make firm, fix, establish |
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dvyākṣara | mf(ā-)n. 2-syllabled (akṣar/a- )  |
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gaṇā | f. Name of one of the mothers in skanda-'s retinue (see ahar--, mar/ud--, v/ṛṣa--, s/a--, sapt/a--, s/arva--; deva--, mahā--,and vida-gaṇ/a-.)  |
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gandharva | m. a gandharva- [though in later times the gandharva-s are regarded as a class, yet in rarely more than one is mentioned;he is designated as the heavenly gandharva-(divy/a g- ),and is also called viśvā-vasu-( )and vāyu-keśa- (in plural );his habitation is the sky, or the region of the air and the heavenly waters( );his especial duty is to guard the heavenly soma-( ) , which the gods obtain through his intervention( ; see );it is obtained for the human race by indra-, who conquers the gandharva- and takes it by force( );the heavenly gandharva- is supposed to be a good physician, because the soma- is considered as the best medicine;possibly, however, the word soma- originally denoted not the beverage so called, but the moon, and the heavenly gandharva- may have been the genius or tutelary deity of the moon;in one passage( ) the heavenly gandharva- and the soma- are identified;he is also regarded as one of the genii who regulate the course of the Sun's horses ( ; see );he knows and makes known the secrets of heaven and divine truths generally ( );he is the parent of the first pair of human beings, yama- and yamī-( ) , and has a peculiar mystical power over women and a right to possess them( );for this reason he is invoked in marriage ceremonies( );ecstatic states of mind and possession by evil spirits are supposed to be derived from the heavenly gandharva-(see -gṛhīta-, -graha-);the gandharva-s as a class have the same characteristic features as the one gandharva-;they live in the sky( ) , guard the soma-( ),are governed by varuṇa- (just as the āpsarasa-s are governed by soma-) ,know the best medicines( ),regulate the course of the asterisms( ;hence twenty-seven are mentioned ),follow after women and are desirous of intercourse with them( );as soon as a girl becomes marriageable, she belongs to soma-, the gandharva-s, and agni-( );the wives of the gandharva-s are the āpsarasa-s(see gandharvāpsar/as-),and like them the gandharva-s are invoked in gambling with dice( );they are also feared as evil beings together with the rākṣasa-s, kimīdin-s, piśāca-s, etc., amulets being worn as a protection against them( );they are said to have revealed the veda-s to vāc-( ; see ),and are called the preceptors of the ṛṣi-s( ); purūravas- is called among them( );in epic poetry the gandharva-s are the celestial musicians or heavenly singers(see )who form the orchestra at the banquets of the gods, and they belong together with the āpsarasa-s to indra-'s heaven, sharing also in his battles( etc.; see );in the more systematic mythology the gandharva-s constitute one of the classes into which the higher creation is divided(id est gods, manes, gandharva-s ;or gods, asura-s, gandharva-s, men ; see ;or gods, men, gandharva-s, āpsarasa-s, sarpa-s, and manes ;for other enumerations see [ ] etc.);divine and human gandharva-s are distinguished( ;the divine or deva-gandharva-s are enumerated );another passage names 11 classes of gandharva-s( );the chief or leader of the gandharva-s is named citra-ratha-( );they are called the creatures of prajāpati-( ) or of brahmā-( ) or of kaśyapa- ( ) or of the muni-s( ) or of prādhā-( ) or of ariṣṭā-( )or of vāc-( );with jaina-s the gandharva-s constitute one of the eight classes of the vyantara-s]  |
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gaṇeśa | See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order gaṇ/a-.  |
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gaṇeśāna | See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order gaṇ/a-.  |
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gaṇeśvara | See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order gaṇ/a-.  |
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garikā | garita- See gar/a-.  |
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grabhaṇa | See a-grabhaṇ/a-.  |
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grah | ([ in a few passages only etc.]) or grabh- ([ ;rarely ]) cl.9 P. gṛbhṇāti- gṛhṇ/āti- (also A1. gṛhṇīte-,irreg. gṛhṇate- ;3. plural gṛbhṇate- ; imperative 2. sg. gṛhāṇ/a-,[ ṇ/ā-, saṃhitā-pāṭha-, parasmE-pada Passive voice Nominal verb plural n. ] etc.; gṛbhṇān/a-& gṛhṇ-[Ved.]; gṛhṇa- ; -gṛhṇāhi-, -gṛbhṇīhi-See prati-grabh-; A1. gṛbhṇīṣva-[ ] or gṛhṇ-;3. sg. P. gṛhṇītāt-;Ved. imperative gṛbhāy/a-etc.See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order ya- confer, compare gṛhaya-; perf. jagrāha- etc.;1. sg. gr/abhā- ; gṛbhm/a- ; A1. gṛhe-, ;3. plural gṛbhr/e-& gṛbhrir/e- ; P. Potential gṛbhyāt-, ; parasmE-pada gṛbhv/as-, ; future 2nd grahīṣyati-, te- etc.[ confer, compare ];sometimes wrongly spelt gṛh- ; grahiṣy- ; Conditional agrahaiṣyat- ; future 1st grahītā- ; Aorist agrabham- ; bhīt- etc.; hīt-[ ] etc.; -/ajagrabhīt-etc.See saṃ-grah-; subjunctive 2. plural grabhīṣṭa- ; A1. agrahīṣṭa- ; aghṛkṣata- [not in ];Ved. 3. plural agṛbhran-[ ] and agṛbhīṣata-; ind.p. gṛbhītv/ā- ; gṛhītv/ā-, ; grahāya- ; infinitive mood grahītum-[ etc.; confer, compare ;wrongly spelt gṛh- ]; Passive voice gṛhyate-[ future 1st grahītā-or grāhitā- future 2nd grahīṣyate-or grāhiṣy- Aorist agrāhi-,3. dual number agrahīṣātām-or agrāhiṣ- ];Ved. subjunctive 3. plural gṛhyāntai- on ;Ved. Passive voice 3. sg. gṛhate-[ ]or gṛhe-[ ] or gṛhaye-[ ; confer, compare gṛhaya-]; subjunctive 1. plural gṛhāmahi- ; Potential gṛhīta- ) to seize, take (by the hand, pāṇau-or kare-,exceptionally pāṇim-(double accusative) ; confer, compare ), grasp, lay hold of (exempli gratia, 'for example' pakṣaṃ-,to take a side, adopt a party ; pāṇim-,"to take by the hand in the marriage ceremony", marry etc.) etc. ; to arrest, stop ; to catch, take captive, take prisoner, capture, imprison etc. ; to take possession of, gain over, captivate ; to seize, overpower (especially said of diseases and demons and the punishments of varuṇa-) etc. ; to eclipse ; to abstract, take away (by robbery) ; to lay the hand on, claim ; to gain, win, obtain, receive, accept (from ablative,rarely genitive case), keep etc. (with double accusative ) ; to acquire by purchase (with instrumental case of the price) etc. ; to choose ; to choose any one (accusative) as a wife ; to take up (a fluid with any small vessel), draw water ; to pluck, pick, gather ; to collect a store of anything ; to use, put on (clothes) i etc. ; to assume (a shape) ; to place upon (instrumental case or locative case) ; to include ; to take on one's self, undertake, undergo, begin etc. ; to receive hospitably (a guest), take back (a divorced wife) ; "to take into the mouth", mention, name etc. ; to perceive (with the organs of sense or with m/anas-), observe, recognise etc. ; (in astronomy) to observe ; to receive into the mind, apprehend, understand, learn ; (in astronomy) to calculate ; to accept, admit, approve ; to obey, follow ; to take for, consider as etc. ; (Passive voice) to be meant by (instrumental case) and Scholiast or Commentator : Causal grāhayati-, to cause to take or seize or lay hold of ; to cause to take (by the hand[ pāṇim-]in the marriage ceremony) ; to cause to marry, give away a girl (accusative) in marriage to any one (accusative) ; to cause any one to be captured ; to cause any one to be seized or overpowered (as by varuṇa-'s punishments or death etc.) ; to cause to be taken away ; to make any one take, deliver anything (accusative) over to any one (accusative; exempli gratia, 'for example' āsanam-with accusative"to cause to take a seat, bid any one to sit down" ) ; to make any one choose (Aorist ajigrahat-) ; to make any one learn, make acquainted or familiar with (accusative) etc.: Desiderative jighṛkṣati- (confer, compare ), also te-, to be about to seize or take ; to be about to eclipse ; to be about to take away ; to desire to perceive (with the organs of sense), strive to apprehend or recognise : Intensive jarīgṛhyate- ; ([ confer, compare Zend gerep,geurv; Gothic greipa; German greife; Lithuanian gre1bju; Slavonic or Slavonian grablju1; Hibernian or Irish grabaim,"I devour, stop."]) |
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gṛha | m. (m. sg. and plural,in later language m. plural and n. sg.) a house, habitation, home (mṛn-m/aya g-,"house of earth", grave, ) (adhar/ād g-,"the lower world", ) etc.  |
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hṛṣ | cl.1 P. A1. h/arṣati-, te- (from P.only parasmE-pada h/arṣat-), to be excited or impatient, rejoice in the prospect of, be anxious or impatient for (dative case) ; to speak or affirm falsely, lie ; cl.4 P. ( ) hṛṣyati- (Epic and mc. also te-; perfect tense jaharṣa-, jahṛṣuḥ-; jahṛṣe-, ṣire- etc.; Aorist ahṛṣat- ; future harṣitā-, harṣiṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood harṣitum- ; ind.p. -hṛṣya- etc.) , to thrill with rapture, rejoice, exult, be glad or pleased etc. ; to become sexually excited ; to become erect or stiff or rigid, bristle (said of the hairs of the body etc.), become on edge (like the teeth) : Passive voice hṛṣyate- (Aorist aharṣi-) grammar : Causal harṣ/ayati-, te- (Aorist ajīhṛṣat-,or ajaharṣat-), to excite, make impatient or eager for (victory etc.) etc. ; to rejoice, be glad ; to cause to bristle : Desiderative jiharṣiṣati- grammar : Intensive jarīhṛṣyate-, jarharṣṭi- etc. (Ved. forms jarhṛṣanta-, j/arhṛṣāṇa-and jāhṛṣāṇ/a-), to be impatient or excited ; to excite violently [ confer, compare Latin horreoforhorseo.]  |
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hvṛ | or hvṝ- (see hval-, dhvṛ-) cl.1 P. ( ) hv/arati- (in also hv/arate-; and according to to also hvṛṇāti-; perfect tense jahvāra-, vartha-, varuḥ- grammar; Aorist ahvārṣīt-, hvārṣīt-, hvār-, hvāriṣuḥ- ; preceding hvaryāt- grammar; future hvartā-, hvariṣyati- ; infinitive mood hvartum- ), to deviate or diverge from the right line, be crooked or curved, bend, go crookedly or wrongly or deviously, stumble, fall, down etc. (See above) : Causal hvārayati- (Aorist jihvaraḥ-, ratam-; juhuraḥ-, juhūrthāḥ-, juhurāṇ/a-), to cause to go crookedly, lead wrong or astray ; (A1.) to go wrong or astray : Desiderative juhvūrṣati- grammar : Intensive jāhvaryate-, jāhvarti-  |
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jarā | f. see vi-jar/a-.  |
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jārya | n. (fr. jār/a-) intimacy ([mfn."to be praised" , fr.3. jrī- ])  |
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jaya | m. (equals tār/a-) Name of a deity  |
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joṣaṇa | n. "choosing" See bhūmi-joṣaṇ/a-  |
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juṣ | cl.6 A1. ṣ/ate- (also P. [ ṣ/at-, /ajuṣat-] etc.; subjunctive ṣāte-; Potential ṣ/eta-;3. plural ṣerata- ; imperative ṣ/atām-; imperfect tense ajuṣata-, ;1. sg. /ajuṣe- ; parasmE-pada ṣ/amāṇa-) cl.3. P. irregular j/ujoṣati- (subjunctive and parasmE-pada j/ujoṣat-; confer, compare Va1rtt. 2; imperative 2. plural juṣṭana- ) , rarely cl.1 P. joṣati- (subjunctive j/oṣat-;- Aorist parasmE-pada juṣāṇ/a-;3. plural ajuṣran-, ;2. sg. j/oṣi-, ;3. sg. j/oṣiṣat-, [ confer, compare on ]; perfect tense juj/oṣa-, juṣ/e-; parasmE-pada juṣv/as-,generally ṣāṇ/a-; ind.p. juṣṭv/ī- ) to be pleased or satisfied or favourable etc. ; to like, be fond of delight in (accusative or genitive case), enjoy (with tanvām-or v/as-,"to be delighted", ) etc. ; to have pleasure in granting anything (accusative) to (locative case) ; to have pleasure in (dative case), resolve to (Ved. infinitive mood), ; to give pleasure to (locative case) ; to choose for (dative case) ; to devote one's self to (accusative), practise, undergo, suffer ; to delight in visiting, frequent, visit, inhabit, enter (a carriage etc.) ; to afflict : Causal A1. (subjunctive 2. sg. joṣ/ayāse-) to like, love, behave kindly towards (accusative), cherish ; to delight in, approve of(accusative), choose ; (P. confer, compare ) ; ([ confer, compare ; Zend zaoSa; Hibernian or Irish gus; Gothic kiusu; Latin gus-tus.])  |
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juṣāṇa | m. Name of a sacrificial formula containing the word juṣāṇ/a- (Aorist p.)  |
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jvāra | See nava-jvār/a-, pra--. |
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kāṇeri | See kāṇ/a-.  |
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kāṇūka | m. ( kaṇ- ) a crow (wrongly written kānūka- see kāṇ/a-)  |
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karaṇa | mf(ī-)n (once karaṇ/a- ) doing, making, effecting, causing (especially in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'; see antakaraṇa-, uṣṇaṃ-k-,etc.) etc.  |
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karāṅgaṇa | See under 1. kar/a-, .  |
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karas | See under 1. kar/a-.  |
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karasna | See under 1. kar/a-.  |
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kaumāra | mf(ī-)n. (fr. kumār/a-,or rī- ), juvenile, youthful, belonging to a youth or young girl, maiden, maidenly, (k/aumāra lok/a-,the youths and girls ; kaumārī bhāryā-[ and on ],"a virgin wife, one who has not had a husband previously" ; kaumāra pati-[ ;or ra bhartṛ- on ],"a man who marries a virgin" ; kaumāra vrata-,a vow of abstinence )  |
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kharakaṇṭha | (khar/a--) m. Name of a mythical being  |
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kṛ | Ved. (I) cl.2 P. 2. sg. k/arṣi- dual number kṛth/as- plural kṛth/a-; A1. 2. sg. kṛṣ/e-; imperfect tense 2. and 3. sg. /akar-, 3. sg. rarely /akat- ( ) ; 3. dual number /akartām-; plural /akarma-, /akarta- (also ), /akran- (Aorist,according to ); A1. /akri- ( ), /akṛthās- ( ), /akṛta- ( ); akrātām- ( ), /akrata- ( ) : imperative kṛdh/i- (also ), kṛt/am-, kṛt/a-; A1. kṛṣv/a-, kṛdhv/am-; subjunctive 2. and 3. sg. kar- plural k/arma-, k/arta- and kartana-, kran-; A1. 3. sg. kṛta- ( ) , 3. plural kr/anta- ( ) : Potential kriyāma- ( ); pr. p. P. (Nominal verb plural) kr/antas- A1. krāṇ/a-. (II) cl.1 P. k/arasi-, k/arati-, k/arathas-, k/aratas-, k/aranti-; A1. k/arase-, k/arate-, k/arāmahe-: imperfect tense /akaram-, /akaras-, /akarat- (Aorist,according to ) : imperative k/ara-, k/aratam-, k/aratām-: subjunctive k/aram-, k/arāṇi-, k/aras-, k/arat-, k/arāma-, k/aran-; A1. karāmahai-; pr. p. f. k/arantī- ( ) (III) cl.5 P. kṛṇ/omi-, ṇ/oṣi-, ṇ/oti-, kṛṇuth/as-, kṛṇm/as- and kṛṇmasi-, kṛṇuth/a-, kṛṇv/anti-; A1. kṛṇv/e-, kṛṇuṣ/e-, kṛṇut/e-, 3. dual number kṛṇv/aite- ( ); plural kṛṇm/ahe-, kṛṇv/ate-: imperfect tense /akṛṇos-, /akṛṇot-, /akṛṇutam-, /akṛṇuta- and ṇotana- ( ), /akṛṇvan-; A1. 3. sg. /akṛṇuta- plural /akṛṇudhvam-, /akṛṇvata-: imperative kṛṇ/u- or kṛṇuh/i- or kṛṇut/āt-, kṛṇ/otu-, kṛṇut/am-, kṛṇut/ām-, 2. plural kṛṇut/a- or kṛṇ/ota- or kṛṇ/otana-, 3. plural kṛṇv/antu-; A1. kṛṇuṣv/a-, kṛṇut/ām-, kṛṇv/āthām-, kṛṇudhv/am-: subjunctive kṛṇ/avas-, ṇ/avat- or ṇ/avāt-, kṛṇ/avāva-, ṇ/avāma-, ṇ/avātha-, ṇ/avatha-, ṇ/avan-; A1. kṛṇ/avai- (once ṇavā- ), kṛṇavase- (also varia lectio ṇvase-), kṛṇavate-, kṛṇ/avāvahai-, kṛṇ/avāmahai-, 3. plural kṛṇ/avanta- ( ) or kṛṇavante- or kṛṇvata- ( ) : Potential A1. kṛṇvīt/a-; pr. p. P. kṛṇv/at- (f. vat/ī-) A1. kṛṇvāṇ/a-. (IV) cl.8. (this is the usual formation in the brāhmaṇa-s; sūtra-s, and in classical Sanskrit) P. kar/omi- (Epic kurmi- ); kurv/as-, kuruth/as-, kurut/as-, kurm/as- ([ kulmas-in an interpolation after ]), kuruth/a-, kurv/anti-; A1. kurv/e-, etc., 3. plural kurv/ate- ( ) : imperfect tense akaravam-, akaros-, akarot-, akurva-, etc.; A1. 3. sg. akuruta- plural akurvata-: imperative kuru-, karotu- (in the earlier language 2. and 3. sg. kurutāt-,3. sg. also ), kuruta- or kurutana- ( ); A1. kuruṣva-, kurudhvam-, kurv/atām-: subjunctive karavāṇi-, karavas-, vāt-, vāva- or vāvas- ( ), vāma- or vāmas- ( ), vātha-, van-; A1. karavai-, kuruthās-, karavāvahai- ( ; he- ), karavaithe-, vaite- ( , ), vāmahai-(he- ) : Potential P. kuryām- A1. kurvīya- ( ); pr. p. P. kurv/at- (f. vat/ī-); A1. kurvāṇ/a-: perf. P. cak/āra-, cak/artha-, cakṛv/a-, cakṛm/a-, cakr/a- ( ); A1. cakr/e-, cakrir/e-; parasmE-pada cakṛvas- (accusative cakr/uṣam- ); A1. cakrāṇa- ( ) : 2nd future kariṣy/ati-; subjunctive 2. sg. kariṣy/ās- ( ); 1st future k/artā-: preceding kriyāsam-: Aorist P. Ved. cakaram- ( ), acakrat- ( ), /acakriran- ( ); A1. 1. sg. kṛske- ( ); Class. akārṣīt- ( ;once akāraṣīt- ); Passive voice Aorist reflex. akāri- and akṛta- ( ) : infinitive mood k/artum-, Ved. k/artave-, k/artav/ai-, k/artos- (See ss.vv.); ind.p. kṛtv/ā-, Ved. kṛtv/ī- ([ ]) and kṛtv/āya- ([ ]) ; to do, make, perform, accomplish, cause, effect, prepare, undertake etc. ; to do anything for the advantage or injury of another (genitive case or locative case) etc. ; to execute, carry out (as an order or command) ; to manufacture, prepare, work at, elaborate, build ; to form or construct one thing out of another (ablative or instrumental case) etc. ; to employ, use, make use of (instrumental case) etc. ; to compose, describe ; to cultivate (confer, compare ) ; to accomplish any period, bring to completion, spend (exempli gratia, 'for example' varṣāṇi daśa cakruḥ-,"they spent ten years" ; kṣaṇaṃ kuru-,"wait a moment" ; confer, compare kritakṣaṇa-) ; to place, put, lay, bring, lead, take hold of (accusative or locative case or instrumental case exempli gratia, 'for example' ardh/aṃ-kṛ-,to take to one's own side or party, cause to share in(genitive case;See 2. ardh/a-); haste-or pāṇau-kṛ-,to take by the hand, marry ; hṛdayena-kṛ-,to place in one's heart, love ; hṛdi-kṛ-,to take to heart, mind, think over, consider ; manasi-kṛ- idem or 'f. (equals kuhī-) a fog ' ;to determine, purpose [ ind.p. si-kṛtvā-or si-kṛtya-] ; vaśe-kṛ-,to place in subjection, become master of ) ; to direct the thoughts, mind, etc. (m/anas-[ etc.] or buddhim-[ ] or matim-[ ]or bhāvam-[ ], etc.) towards any object, turn the attention to, resolve upon, determine on (locative case dative case infinitive mood,or a sentence with iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' mā śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ-,do not turn your mind to grief ; gamanāya matiṃ cakre-,he resolved upon going ; alābuṃ samutsraṣṭuṃ manaś cakre-,he resolved to create a gourd ; draṣṭā tavāsmīti matiṃ cakāra-,he determined to see him ) ; to think of (accusative) ; to make, render (with two accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' ādityaṃ kāṣṭhām akurvata-,they made the sun their goal ) etc. ; to procure for another, bestow, grant (with genitive case or locative case) etc. ; A1. to procure for one's self, appropriate, assume ; to give aid, help any one to get anything (dative case) ; to make liable to (dative case) ; to injure, violate (exempli gratia, 'for example' kanyāṃ-kṛ-,to violate a maiden) ; to appoint, institute ; to give an order, commission ; to cause to get rid of, free from (ablative or -tas-) ; to begin (exempli gratia, 'for example' cakre śobhayitum purīm-,they began to adorn the city) ; to proceed, act, put in practice etc. ; to worship, sacrifice ; to make a sound (svaram-or śabdam-) ( ), utter, pronounce (often in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' with the sounds phaṭ-, phut-, bhāṇ-, v/aṣaṭ-, svadh/ā-, sv/āhā-, hiṃ-), pronounce any formula ( ) ; (with numeral adverbs ending in dhā-) to divide, separate or break up into parts (exempli gratia, 'for example' dvidhā-kṛ-,to divide into two parts, ind.p. dvidhā kṛtvā-or dvidhā-kṛtya-or -kāram- ; sahasradhā-kṛ-,to break into a thousand pieces) ; (with adverbs ending in vat-) to make like or similar, consider equivalent (exempli gratia, 'for example' rājyaṃ tṛṇa-vat kṛtvā-,valuing the kingdom like a straw ) ; (with adverbs ending in sāt-) to reduce anything to, cause to become, make subject (See ātma-sāt-, bhasma-sāt-) The above senses of kṛ- may be variously modified or almost infinitely extended according to the noun with which this root is connected, as in the following examples: sakhyaṃ-kṛ-, to contract friendship with ; pūjāṃ-kṛ-, to honour ; rājyaṃ-kṛ-, to reign ; snehaṃ-kṛ-, to show affection ; ājñāṃ- or nideśaṃ- or śāsanaṃ- or kāmaṃ- or yācanāṃ- or vacaḥ- or vacanaṃ- or vākyaṃ-kṛ-, to perform any one's command or wish or request etc. ; dharmaṃ-kṛ-, to do one's duty ; nakhāni-kṛ-,"to clean one's nails" See kṛta-nakha- ; udakaṃ- ([ ]) or salilaṃ- ([ ]) kṛ-, to offer a libation of Water to the dead ; to perform ablutions ; astrāṇi-kṛ-, to practise the use of weapons ; darduraṃ-kṛ-, to breathe the flute ; daṇḍaṃ-kṛ-, to inflict punishment etc. ; kālaṃ-kṛ-, to bring one's time to an end id est to die ; ciraṃ-kṛ-, to be long in doing anything, delay ; manasā- (for si-See above) kṛ-, to place in one's mind, think of, meditate ; śirasā-kṛ-, to place on one's the head ; mūrdhnā-kṛ-, to place on one's head, obey, honour. Very rarely in veda- ( ) , but commonly in the brāhmaṇa-s, sūtra-s, and especially in classical Sanskrit the perf. forms cakāra-and cakre- auxiliarily used to form the periphrastical perfect of verbs, especially of causatives exempli gratia, 'for example' āsāṃ cakre-,"he sat down" ; gamay/āṃ cakāra-,"he caused to go"[see ;in veda- some other forms of kṛ-are used in a similar way, viz. proper karoti- ; imperfect tense akar- and ;3. plural akran- and ; preceding kriyāt- (See );according to , also karotu-with vid-]. Causal kārayati-, te-, to cause to act or do, cause another to perform, have anything made or done by another (double accusative instrumental case and accusative [see ] exempli gratia, 'for example' sabhāṃ kāritavān-,he caused an assembly to be made ; rāja-darśanaṃ māṃ kāraya-,cause me to have an audience of the king; vāṇijyaṃ kārayed vaiśyam-,he ought to cause the vaiśya- to engage in trade ; na śakṣyāmi kiṃcit kārayituṃ tvayā-,I shall not be able to have anything done by thee ) ; to cause to manufacture or form or cultivate etc. ; to cause to place or put, have anything placed, put upon, etc. (exempli gratia, 'for example' taṃ citrapaṭaṃ vāsa-gṛhe bhittāv akārayat-,he had the picture placed on the wall in his house ) . Sometimes the Causal of kṛ- is used for the simple verb or without a causal signification (exempli gratia, 'for example' padaṃ kārayati-,he pronounces a word ; mithyā k-,he pronounces wrongly ; kaikeyīm anu rājānaṃ kāraya-,treat or deal with kaikeyī- as the king does ) : Desiderative c/ikīrṣati- (Aorist 2. sg. acikīrṣīs- ) , Epic also te-, to wish to make or do, intend to do, design, intend, begin, strive after etc. ; to wish to sacrifice or worship : Intensive 3. plural karikrati- (pr. p. k/arikrat-See ), to do repeatedly ; Class. carkarti- or carikarti- or carīkarti- ([ ]) , also carkarīti- or carikarīti- or carīkarīti- or cekrīyate- ([ib. Scholiast or Commentator ]); ([ confer, compare Hibernian or Irish caraim,"I perform, execute";ceard,"an art, trade, business, function";sucridh,"easy"; Old German karawan,"to prepare"; modern German gar,"prepared (as food)"; Latin creo,ceremonia;, .]) |
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kram | cl.1 P. A1. kr/āmati- ( ; Epic also kramati-), kramate- ( , Epic also krāmate-;according to cl.4 P. krāmyati-[ kramyati- ]; Aorist akramīt- etc.; A1. kr/amiṣṭa-, kraṃsate-[ ] , 3. plural c/akramanta-[ ]; perf. cakrāma-,or cakrame-; parasmE-pada cakramāṇ/a- ; future kramiṣyati-or kraṃsyate- ind.p. krāntvā-, krantvā-,or kramitvā- ), to step, walk, go, go towards, approach (with /accha-, /adhi- accusative or locative case) etc. ; to approach in order to ask for assistance (with locative case) ; to go across, go over etc. ; Ved. to climb (as on a tree's branch) ; to cover (in copulation) ; to stretch over, project over, tower above, (ind.p. krāntvā-) ; to take possession of ; A1. to undertake, strive after, make effort for (dative case) ; (locative case) ; A1. ( ) to proceed well, advance, make progress, gain a footing, succeed, have effect ; to be appliable or practicable ; P. to be liable to the peculiar arrangement of a Vedic text called krama- (id est to be doubled, as a letter or word) ; A1. to read according to the krama- arrangement of a Vedic text (a-krānta-): Causal P. kramayati-, to cause to step ; kramayati- or krām-, to make liable to the peculiar arrangement called krama- (id est to double a letter or word) etc.: Intensive caṅkramyate- ( ; parasmE-pada caṅ-kramy/amāṇa-[ ]or kramam- and ) or caṅkramīti- ( ; imperfect tense 2. plural caṅkramata- ; future parasmE-pada caṅkramiṣy/at- ; ind.p. mitvā- ; see mit/a-), to step to and fro, walk or wander about.  |
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kṣeṇa | See 1. kṣayaṇ/a-.  |
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kṣṇu | cl.2 P. kṣṇauti- ( ; future 1st kṣṇavitā- ; pr. p. kṣṇuvāṇ/a-), to whet, sharpen ; ([ confer, compare Greek ,, kṣur/a-.])  |
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mahiṣa | m. (with supar/a-) the sun  |
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marāyin | mar/āyu- See above.  |
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mṛ | cl.6 A1. ( ) mriy/ate- (Epic and mc. also P. ti-; cl.1 P. A1. marati-, m/arate- ; imperative mara-, ; perfect tense mam/āra-, mamruḥ- etc.; parasmE-pada mamṛv/as- ; A1. mamrire- ; Aorist amṛta- subjunctive mṛthāh- ; Potential murīya-. ; mriṣīṣṭa- ; future martā- grammar; mariṣyati- etc.; te- ; infinitive mood martum- etc.; martave- ; ind.p. mṛtv/ā- ; -māram- ), to die, decease etc. etc.: Passive voice mriyate- (confer, compare above;sometimes used impers, with instrumental case; perfect tense mamre-; Aorist amāri-) : Causal mār/ayati- (mc. also te-; Aorist, amīmarat-): Passive voice māryate-, to cause to die, kill, slay etc. etc.: Desiderative of Causal See mimārayiṣu-: Desiderative mumūrṣati- ( ) , to wish or be about to die, face death : Intensive memrīyate-, marmarti- grammar ([ confer, compare Zend mar,mareta; Greek for ; Latin mors,morioretc.; Slavonic or Slavonian mre8ti; Lithuanian mi4rti; Gothic maurthr; German Mord,morden; English murder.])  |
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naraka | mn. ( ; nar/aka- ) hell, place of torment etc.  |
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naraṃdhiṣa | m. (nar/aṃ--) "watching or heeding men (?)", Name of viṣṇu-  |
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nārika | mf(ī-)n. spiritual (see nār/a-).  |
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niryu | (only A1. present tense parasmE-pada -yuvāṇ/a- mfn.) to keep away, ward off  |
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nṛ | m. (accusative n/aram- dative case n/are- genitive case ablative n/aras-, locative case n/ari-; dual number n/arā-, n/arau-; plural Nominal verb vocative case n/aras- accusative n/ṝn-[may also stand for other cases;for the final, n-before p- see ] instrumental case n/ṛbhis-,or nṛbh/is-; dative case ablative n/ṛbhya-or nṛbhy/as- locative case n/ṛṣu-or nṛṣ/u-[ ] genitive case nar/ām-. nṛṇām-or nṝṇām-[ ]) a man, hero (used also of gods) , person  |
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nṛṣadvara | ( ;but see ni-ṣadvar/a-under ni-ṣad-) mfn. sitting or dwelling among men.  |
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paras | ind. (with ablative) beyond, on the other side of (also en/ā par/aḥ-)  |
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paras | ind. (with locative case) over, more than (only triṃś/ati tr/ayas par/aḥ-,three more than thirty id est 33)  |
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phaṇ | cl.1 P. ( ) ph/aṇati- ( ; perfect tense paphāṇa-,2. sg. paphaṇitha-,or pheṇitha- ; Aorist aphāṇīt-, ; future phaṇiṣyati-, ṇitā- grammar), to go, move (with samāptim-,"to be accomplished" ) : Causal phāṇ/ayati- (or phaṇ- ), to cause to bound ; to draw off (the surface of a fluid) , skim : Desiderative piphaṇiṣati- grammar : Intensive pr.p. -paṇiphaṇat- ( ), pamphaṇat- ( ),bounding, leaping.  |
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pṛ | cl.3 P. ( ) p/iparti- (3. plural p/iprati- ; imperative pipṛhi- ; para- ; cl.9 P. pṛṇāti-,"to protect" ; perfect tense 3. plural pipruḥ- [ equals pūrṇāḥ- Scholiast or Commentator ]; Aorist subjunctive parṣi-, parṣati-, parṣa-, pāriṣat- ; apārīt- ; infinitive mood parṣ/aṇi- ), to bring over or to (accusative), bring out of, deliver from (ablative), rescue, save, protect, escort, further, promote ; to surpass, excel (accusative) ; to be able (with infinitive mood) : Causal pār/ayati- (Epic and mc. also te-; Aorist apīparat-; Passive voice pāryate-), to bring over or out, rescue, protect, save, preserve, keep alive etc. ; to get over, overcome, bring to an end ; to resist, withstand, be a match for (accusative) etc. ; to be capable of or able to (with an infinitive mood which after pāryate-has a pass. sense; confer, compare śak-and ) [ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin porta,peritus; Slavonic or Slavonian pirati; German fahren; English fare.] |
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pratijṛ | A1. -jarate- (infinitive mood -jar/adhyai-), to roar (as fire) in the direction of, to call out to, salute (accusative)  |
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pratvakṣ | only in A1. pr. p. -tvakṣāṇ/a-, eminent, superior  |
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prī | cl.9 P. A1. ( ) prīṇ/āti-, prīṇīt/e- ; cl.4 A1. ( ) prīyate- (rather Passive voice; Epic and mc. also ti-and priyate-, ti-; perfect tense pipriy/e-, parasmE-pada yāṇ/a- subjunctive pipr/ayat-; imperative pipr/ayasva-or prīh/i- ; Aorist apraiṣīt- subjunctive pr/eṣat- ; apreṣṭa- grammar; future preṣyati-, te-, pretā- ) P. to please, gladden, delight, gratify, cheer, comfort, soothe, propitiate etc. ; (mostly A1. prīyate-) to be pleased or satisfied with, delight in, enjoy (genitive case instrumental case locative case or ablative) ; (A1.; Epic and mc. also P.and pri-) to like, love, be kind to (accusative) : Causal prīṇayati- (prāpayati- , prāyayati- ), to please, delight gratify, propitiate etc. ; to refresh, comfort : Desiderative p/iprīṣati-, to wish to please or propitiate : Intensive peprīyate-, peprayīti-, pepreti- grammar ([ confer, compare Gothic frijo7n,frijo7nds; German friunt,freund; Anglo-Saxon freo4nd; English friend; Slavonic or Slavonian prijati; Lithuanian pre0teliusetc.]) |
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rad | cl.1 P. ( ) r/adati- (rarely A1. te-;Ved. imperative ratsi-; perfect tense rar/āda- ; Aorist arādīt- grammar; future raditā-, diṣyati- ), to scratch, scrape, gnaw, bite, rend, dig, break, split, divide ; to cut, open (a road or path) ; to lead (a river) into a channel ; to convey to, bestow on, give, dispense [ confer, compare Latin rad-o,rod-o; English rat.]  |
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rādh | (confer, compare ṛdh-and radh-) cl.5.4. P. ( ) rādhn/oti- rādhyati- (Vedic or Veda also proper rādhati-and r/ādhyate-; perfect tense rar/ādha- etc. etc. [2. sg. rarādhitha-or redhita-, confer, compare ]; Aorist, arātsīt-, rādhiṣi- ; preceding rādhyāsam- ; future rāddhā- grammar; rātsyati- ; ind.p. rāddhv/ā-, -rādhya- ), to succeed (said of things), be accomplished or finished ; to succeed (said of persons), be successful with (instrumental case), thrive, prosper ; to be ready for, submit to (dative case) ; to be fit for, partake of, attain to (dative case or locative case), ; (rādhyati-) to prophesy to (dative case) ; to accomplish, perform, achieve, make ready, prepare, carry out ; to hit, get at (accusative) ; to propitiate, conciliate, gratify ; to hurt, injure, destroy, exterminate (confer, compare ) : Passive voice rādhyate- (Aorist /arādhi-), to be conciliated or satisfied (confer, compare rādhyate-above) : Causal rādh/ayati- (Aorist arīradhat- ; Passive voice rādhyate- ), to accomplish, perform, prepare, make ready etc. ; to make favourable, propitiate, satisfy : Desiderative of Causal rirādhayiṣati- : Desiderative rirātsati- or -ritsati- Va1rtt. 1 : Intensive rārādhyate-, rārāddhi- grammar ([ confer, compare iradh-; Gothic gare7dan,rathjo1; Slavonic or Slavonian raditi.])  |
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rakṣ | cl.1 P. ( ) r/akṣati- (Ved. and mc. also te-; perfect tense rar/akṣa- etc.; Aorist arakṣīt- etc.; arākṣīt- ; preceding rakṣyāt- grammar; future rakṣitā- ; rakṣiṣyati- Conditional arakṣiṣyat- ; rakṣye- ; infinitive mood rakṣitum- ), to guard, watch, take care of, protect, save, preserve ("from" ablative) etc. ; to tend (cattle) ; to rule (the earth or a country) ; to keep (a secret) ; to spare, have regard to (another's feelings) ; to observe (a law, duty etc.) ; to guard against, ward off, keep away, prevent, frustrate, injure ; to beware of ; (A1.) to heed, attend to (locative case) ; (A1.) to conceal, hide (?) ; to conceal one's self, be afraid (?) : Causal rakṣayati-, te- (Aorist ararakṣat- ), to guard, watch, save or protect from (ablative) : Desiderative rirakṣati-, to wish to guard, intend to protect from (ablative) : Intensive See rārakṣāṇ/a-. ([Prob. a kind of Desiderative of some root like raj-or rajj-; confer, compare Greek , ; Latin arx,arceo.])  |
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raṃh | (for raṅgh-) ; see laṅgh- and raghu-, laghu- cl.1 P. ( ) r/aṃhati- ( also A1. r/aṃhate-, r/aṃhamāṇa-; perfect tense raraṃh/a- ; future raṃhitā-, hiṣyati-; Aorist araṃhīt- grammar), to hasten, speed (trans. and intrans.) ; to cause to go or flow ; to go or flow : Causal raṃh/ayati-, te- (Aorist araraṃhat- grammar), to hasten, speed, run or cause to run ; (cl.10. P.) raṃhayati-, to speak or to shine (varia lectio vaṃh-): Intensive See rārahāṇ/a-.  |
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raṇ | or ran- (see ram-) cl.1.4. P. r/aṇati-, r/aṇyati- (2. dual number raṇy/athaḥ- ; perfect tense rāraṇa- ; Aorist arāṇiṣuḥ-, raṇiṣṭana- ), to rejoice, be pleased, take pleasure in (locative case,rarely accusative) ; to gladden, delight, gratify : Causal raṇḍyati-, te-, to cheer, gladden, exhilarate with (instrumental case or locative case) ; to be at ease, be pleased or satisfied with, delight in (locative case) : Intensive (subjunctive rār/aṇat-, rār/an-; imperative rārandhi-, rārantu-) = Causal (as well in the trans. as in the intrans. meanings)  |
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rathakara | m. equals -kār/a- below  |
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rathakāraka | m. equals -kār/a- above (according to to some, "the son of a vaidehaka- by a kṣatriyā-") .  |
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rathakṛt | m. equals -kār/a- above  |
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rih | (Vedic. form of lih-) cl.6. 2. P. rih/ati- r/eḍhi- (or r/eḷhi-;3. plural A1. rihat/e-; pr. p. rihāṇ/a-or r/ihāṇa-), to lick, kiss, caress ; (rihati-) to praise, worship ; (Imp. ririḍḍhi-, rirīhi-) to ask, implore ; also varia lectio for riph- : Intensive rerihy/ate- (r/erihat-, hāṇa-See sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order), to lick or, kiss again and again, caress repeatedly  |
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ṛkṣara | m. (probably fr. ṛś-) a thorn (See an-ṛkṣar/a-)  |
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saṃrih | (Vedic form of saṃ-lih-See rik-;only pr. p. -rihāṇ/a-), to lick affectionately, caress (as a cow its calf)  |
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śaṃsa | m. a promise, vow (nar/āṃ ś/aṃsa- , prob.= narā-ś- q.v; ṛj/ur- /ic- ch/aṃsa-, either, by tmesis,"the right praiser", or ṛju-śaṃsa-as adjective (cf. mfn.)"righteous, faithful")  |
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saṃtaram | or saṃ-tar/ām- ind. (fr. 2. s/am-+ t-) more together  |
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śarabhṛṣṭi | f. (śar/a--) the point of a reed  |
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śaradvat | mfn. (śar/ad--) "full of years", aged  |
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saragh | f. (of unknown derivation;only in Nominal verb sg. sar/aṭ- dative case plural sar/aḍbhyaḥ-,and Nominal verb plural sar/aghaḥ-) a bee  |
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saraṭ | f. See sar/agh-  |
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śikṣā | f. (?) helping, bestowing, imparting (See śikṣā-nar/a-)  |
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smi | cl.1 A1. ( ) smayate- (mc. also ti-; perfect tense sismiye-,or siṣmiy/e-[ parasmE-pada siṣmiyāṇ/a- confer, compare upa-smi-], Epic also -smayām-āsa-; Aorist asmeṣṭa- ; asmayiṣṭhās- ; future smetā-, smeṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood smetum- ; ind.p. smitvā- ; -smitya-, -smayitya- ), to smile, blush, become red or radiant, shine ; to smile, laugh etc. ; to expand, bloom (as a flower) ; to be proud or arrogant : Passive voice smīyate- (Aorist asmāyi-), grammar : Causal smāyayati-, te- (Aorist asismayat-;also smāpayati-in vi-smi- q.v), to cause to smile or laugh etc. ; (A1.) to laugh at, mock, despise (varia lectio for smiṭ- q.v): Desiderative sismayiṣate- grammar : Intensive seṣmīyate- (parasmE-pada yamāṇa- ), seṣmayīti-, seṣmeti- [ confer, compare Greek for ; , ; Latin mirus,mirari; Slavonic or Slavonian smijati; English smile.]  |
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somāharaṇa | n. the bringing or fetching of the soma- (haraṇ/a-ja-)  |
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spṛ | (varia lectio stṛ-and smṛ-) cl.5 P. ( ) spṛṇ/oti- (in veda- also spṛṇut/e-; perfect tense paspāra- ; Aorist aspar- subjunctive sparat- imperative spṛdhi- ; /aspārṣam- ; future spartā-, spariṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood sp/arase- ; ind.p. spṛtv/ā- ), to release, extricate or deliver from (ablative), save, gain, win : Causal spār/ayati-, to attract to one's self, win ; to preserve, save, rescue ; to gladden, delight, gratify, bestow  |
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sṛ | (confer, compare sal-) cl.1.3. P. ( ) s/arati- (Epic also te-and according to to also dhāvati-), and s/isarti- (the latter base only in veda-;3. dual number s/isratuḥ-,3. plural s/israte- ; parasmE-pada s/israt-[ q.v ] ; perfect tense sas/āra-, sasr/e- etc.;1. dual number sasriva- ; parasmE-pada sasṛv/as-, sasrāṇ/a-and sasṛmāṇ/a- ; Aorist asārṣīt- grammar; subjunctive sarṣat- ; preceding sriyāt- grammar; future sartā- ; sariṣy/ati- etc.; infinitive mood sartum- etc.; s/artave-, tav/ai- ; ind.p. sṛtv/ā- ; -s/ṛtya-, -s/āram- etc.), to run, flow, speed, glide, move, go (with uccakais-,"to spring up";with v/ājam-,or ājim-,"to run a race" id est"exert one's self") Calcutta edition etc. ; to blow (as wind) ; to run away, escape ; to run after, pursue (accusative) ; to go towards, betake one's self to (accusative or tatra-etc.) ; to go against, attack, assail ; to cross, traverse (accusative) ; (A1.) to begin to flow (said of the fluid which surrounds the fetus) : Passive voice sriyate- (Aorist asāri- ), to be gone etc., grammar : Causal sārayati- or cl.10 P. ( ) to cause to run ; to set in motion, strike (a lute) ; to remove, push aside (a braid of hair) ; put in array, to arrange (with dyūtam-,"the men on a chess-board") ; to make visible, show, manifest ; to nourish, foster (genitive case) ; A1. sārayate- (for sar/ayate-See saraya-,), to cause one's self to be driven, drive (in a carriage) : pass. sāryate-, to be made to flow, discharge (excrement) : Desiderative sisīrṣati-, to wish to run (vājam-,"a race") : Intensive (confer, compare sarisrar/a-) s/arsṛte- (parasmE-pada s/arsrāṇa-See pra-sṛ-) or sarīṣarti-, to stride backwards and forwards ; to blow violently (as the wind) [ confer, compare Greek ,;, ; Latin salire.]  |
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śram | cl.4 P. ( ) śrāmyati- (in later language also śramati-, te-; perfect tense śaśrama-,3. plural śaśramuḥ-or[ ] śremuḥ-, parasmE-pada śaśramāṇ/a- ; Aorist āśramat- , subjunctive śramat- ; śramiṣma- ; future śramitā- ; śramiṣyati- grammar; infinitive mood śramitum- ; ind.p. -śr/amya-. ), to be or become weary or tired, be tired of doing anything (with infinitive mood;also impersonal or used impersonally n/a mā śramat-,"may I not become weary!") etc. ; to make effort, exert one's self (especially in performing acts of austerity), labour in vain : Passive voice śramyate- (Aorist aśrāmi-, grammar) etc. (see vi-śraṃ-): Causal srāmayati- (Aorist aśiśramat-), to make weary, fatigue, tire ; to overcome, conquer, subdue ; (śrāmayati-), to speak to, address, invite (āmantraṇe-) (varia lectio for grām- see grāmaya-): Desiderative See vi-śiśramiṣu-.  |
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stṛ | (or stṝ-). cl.5.9. P. A1. ( ) stṛṇ/oti-, stṛṇute- or stṛnāti-, striṇīt/e- (Ved. and Epic also st/arati-, te-; perfect tense tastāra-, tastare-[3. plural tastaruḥ-, tastarire-] etc.;3. sg. [with pass. sense] tistir/e- ;3. plural tastrire- ; parasmE-pada A1. tistirāṇ/a- ; Aorist /astar-, star- ; astṛṣi-, astṛta- ; astarīt- ; astārṣīt-, astarīṣṭa-, astīrṣṭa- grammar; preceding stṛṣīya- ; staryāt-or stīryāt-; stṛṣīṣṭa-, starīṣīṣṭa-, stīrṣīṣṭa- grammar; future startā- grammar; stariṣyati-, te-[Gr. also starīṣ-] etc.; infinitive mood startum-or starītum- grammar; st/artave-, tavai-, starītav/ai- ; st/arītave- ; -st/ire-, -stṛṇīṣ/aṇi- ; ind.p. stīrtv/ā-or stṛtv/ā- ; -stīrya- ; -stṛtya- ), to spread, spread out or about, strew, scatter (especially the sacrificial grass;in this sense in older language only cl.9 P. A1.) ; to spread over, bestrew, cover etc. ; (cl.5. P. A1.) to lay low, overthrow, slay (an enemy) : Passive voice stīryate- (ti-) or striy/ate- (grammar also staryate-; Aorist /astāri-), to be spread or strewn etc. etc. etc.: Causal stārayati- (Aorist atastarat-), to spread, cover : Desiderative tistīrṣate- or t/ustūrṣate- (grammar also P.and tistarīṣati-, te-), to wish to spread or strew or lay low : Intensive tāstaryate-, testīryate-, tāstarti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin sternere; Gothic straujan; German streuen; Anglo-Saxon streowian; English strew.])  |
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stṝ | (or stṛ-). cl.5.9. P. A1. ( ) stṛṇ/oti-, stṛṇute- or stṛnāti-, striṇīt/e- (Ved. and Epic also st/arati-, te-; perfect tense tastāra-, tastare-[3. plural tastaruḥ-, tastarire-] etc.;3. sg. [with pass. sense] tistir/e- ;3. plural tastrire- ; parasmE-pada A1. tistirāṇ/a- ; Aorist /astar-, star- ; astṛṣi-, astṛta- ; astarīt- ; astārṣīt-, astarīṣṭa-, astīrṣṭa- grammar; preceding stṛṣīya- ; staryāt-or stīryāt-; stṛṣīṣṭa-, starīṣīṣṭa-, stīrṣīṣṭa- grammar; future startā- grammar; stariṣyati-, te-[Gr. also starīṣ-] etc.; infinitive mood startum-or starītum- grammar; st/artave-, tavai-, starītav/ai- ; st/arītave- ; -st/ire-, -stṛṇīṣ/aṇi- ; ind.p. stīrtv/ā-or stṛtv/ā- ; -stīrya- ; -stṛtya- ), to spread, spread out or about, strew, scatter (especially the sacrificial grass;in this sense in older language only cl.9 P. A1.) ; to spread over, bestrew, cover etc. ; (cl.5. P. A1.) to lay low, overthrow, slay (an enemy) : Passive voice stīryate- (ti-) or striy/ate- (grammar also staryate-; Aorist /astāri-), to be spread or strewn etc. etc. etc.: Causal stārayati- (Aorist atastarat-), to spread, cover : Desiderative tistīrṣate- or t/ustūrṣate- (grammar also P.and tistarīṣati-, te-), to wish to spread or strew or lay low : Intensive tāstaryate-, testīryate-, tāstarti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek , ; Latin sternere; Gothic straujan; German streuen; Anglo-Saxon streowian; English strew.])  |
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su | cl.5 P. A1. ( ) sun/oti-, sunute- (in plural sunv/anti-, sunvir/e-[with pass. sense] and suṣvati-; parasmE-pada sunv/at-or sunvān/a-[the latter with act. and pass. sense] ; perfect tense suṣāva-, suṣuma-etc. ; parasmE-pada in veda- suṣuv/as-and suṣvāṇ/a-[the later generally with pass. sense; according to to on , also suṣuvāṇa-with act. sense]; Aorist according to to grammar asāvīt-or asauṣīt-, asoṣṭa-or asaviṣṭa-;in also imperative s/otu-, sut/am-,and p. [mostly pass.] suvān/a-[but the spoken form is svān/a-and so written in , suv-in ];and 3. plural asuṣavuḥ- ; future sotā- ; soṣyati- ; saviṣyati- ; infinitive mood s/otave-, s/otos- : ; sotum- grammar; ind.p. -s/utya- ; -sūya- ), to press out, extract (especially the juice from the soma- plant for libations) ; to distil, prepare (wine, spirits etc.) Scholiast or Commentator on : Passive voice sūy/ate- (in also A1.3. sg. sunve-and 3. plural sunvir/e-with pass. sense; Aorist /asāvi- ) : Causal -sāvayati- or -ṣāvayati- (See abhi-ṣu-and pra-su-; Aorist asūṣavat- according to to some asīṣavat-) grammar : Desiderative of Causal suṣāvayiṣati- : Desiderative susūṣati-, te- : Intensive soṣūyate-, soṣavīti-, soṣoti-  |
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sū | (not separable in all forms fr.2. sū-; see 1. su-ṣ/ū-, asu-sū-,and4. su-) cl.6 P. ( ) suv/ati- (in also te-,and according to to also savati-and -sauti-; perfect tense suṣuv/e- ; parasmE-pada suṣuvāṇ/a- q.v; Aorist asāvīt-, sāviṣat- : Passive voice sūy/ate- etc.) , to set in motion, urge, impel, vivify, create, produce etc. ; to hurl upon ; to grant, bestow (especially said of savitṛ-) ; to appoint or consecrate to (A1."to let one's self be consecrated") ; to allow, authorize : Intensive soṣavīti-, to urge or impel violently (said of savitṛ-)  |
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sukha | mfn. pleasant (rarely with this meaning in veda-), agreeable, gentle, mild (compound -tar/a-) etc.  |
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svanas | See tuvi-ṣvaṇ/as-.  |
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svap | cl.2 P. ( ) svapiti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also sv/apati-, te-; imperative sv/aptu- ; Potential svapīta- ; perfect tense suṣvāpa-[3. plural suṣupuḥ-; parasmE-pada suṣupv/as-and suṣupāṇ/a-,qq.vv.] etc.; Aorist asvāpsīt-; preceding supyāt- future svaptā- ; svapiṣyati- ; te- ; svapsyati- etc.; te- etc.; infinitive mood svaptum- etc.; ind.p. suptv/ā- etc., -sv/āpam- ), to sleep, fall asleep (with varṣa-śatam-,"to sleep for a hundred years, sleep the eternal sleep") etc. ; to lie down, recline upon (locative case) etc. ; to be dead ; Passive voice supyate- (Aorist asvāpi-) etc. ; Causal svāp/ayati-, or (mc.) svapayati- (Aorist asūṣupat-;in also siṣvapaḥ-, s/iṣvap-; Passive voice svāpyate-), to cause to sleep, lull to rest ; to kill : Desiderative of Causal suṣvāpayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative suṣupsati-, to wish to sleep : Intensive soṣupyate-, sāsvapīti-, sāsvapti-, soṣupīti-, soṣopti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin somnusforsop-nus,sopor,sopire; Slavonic or Slavonian su8pati; Lithuanian sa4pnas; Anglo-Saxon swefan,"to sleep."])  |
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tara | (ām-), added (in older language) to adverbs (See ati-tar/ām-etc.) and (in later language) to verbs ( ) , intensifying their meaning  |
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tara | mfn. "surpassing, conquering" See śoka-tar/a- see rathaṃtar/a-  |
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tarkṣu | m. equals tar/akṣu-  |
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taskara | m. (for tat-k- ) a thief, robber etc. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-). ; see a-taskar/a-; in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' used as a term of contempt[ ] )  |
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tṝ | cl.1 P. (rarely A1.) t/arati- (subjunctive t/arat- imperfect tense /atarat-, parasmE-pada t/arat- infinitive mood tar/adhyai-, rīṣ/ani- ) cl.5. tarute- ( ; Potential 1. plural turyāma-, ) cl.3. titarti- ( ; parasmE-pada Nominal verb plural t/itratas- ; Potential tutury/āt-, ) , with prepositions Vedic or Veda chiefly cl.6 P. A1. (tir/ate- subjunctive tirāti- imperfect tense /atirat-, parasmE-pada tir/at- infinitive mood t/iram-, t/ire- ; Aorist /atārīt-, ;1. plural riṣma- , rima- ; t/aruṣante- , ta-i, ṣema- [ confer, compare ]; A1.and Passive voice -tāri- ; P. atārṣīt- ; ṣam- ; perfect tense tatāra- etc.;3. plural titirur-, ; teritha-, ratur- ; parasmE-pada titirv/as- genitive case tatar/uṣas- ; future tariṣyati-, rīṣ-, taritā-, rītā-[ confer, compare pra-t/ar-] ; t/arutā- ; preceding tīryāt-, tariṣīṣṭa- ; infinitive mood tartum- ; rīt- rit- ; ind.p. tīrtv/ā- ; -t/ūrya-See vi--) to pass across or over, cross over (a river), sail across etc. ; to float, swim ; to get through, attain an end or aim, live through (a definite period), study to the end etc. ; to fulfil, accomplish, perform ; to surpass, overcome, subdue, escape etc. ; to acquire, gain, ; A1. to contend, compete ; to carry through or over, save, : Causal tārayati- (parasmE-pada r/ayat-) to carry or lead over or across etc. ; to cause to arrive at ; to rescue, save, liberate from (ablative) etc.: Desiderative titīrṣati- (also titariṣati-, rīṣ- ; parasmE-pada A1. titīrṣamāṇa- ) to wish to cross or reach by crossing : Intensive tartarīti- (2. dual number rīthas-; parasmE-pada genitive case t/arilratas-[ ];See also vi--; tātarti-, Scholiast or Commentator) to reach the end by passing or running or living through ; ([ confer, compare t/ara-, tir/as-, tīrṇ/a-; Latin termo,trans; Gothic thairh.])  |
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trāṇa | n. equals trāyamāṇ/ā-  |
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tras | cl.1. tr/asati- ( ) , cl.4. trasyati- ( etc.; Epic also A1.; perfect tense 3. tatrasur-[ ] or tresur-[ ] ) to tremble, quiver, be afraid of (ablative genitive case,rarely instrumental case) and (parasmE-pada f. tar/asantī-) etc.: Causal trāsayati- (Epic also A1.) to cause to tremble, frighten, scare ; ([ confer, compare Zendtares;; Latin terreo.])  |
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trāyantī | f. (fr. p. yat-) equals yamāṇ/ā-,  |
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tṛp | cl.4. t/ṛpyati- ([ etc.;metrically also te-]) cl.5. [Subj. 2. sg. tṛpṇ/avas- imperative ṇuhi-, ṇut/am- (See also /a-tṛpṇuvat-); noti- and gaRa kṣubhnādi-] cl.6. [2. sg. tṛmp/asi- imperative p/a-, patu-,etc. ; see Va1rtt. 1 ; tṛpati- ; perfect tense parasmE-pada A1. tātṛpāṇ/a- ; P. tatarpa-;3. plural tātṛpur- ; Aorist atṛpat- or atrāpsīt- vArttika; atarpīt-, atārpsīt- ; future 1st tarpiṣyati-(but see ), tarpsy-, trapsy-; Conditional atrapsyat- ; future 2nd tarpitā-, ptā-, traptā- on ] to satisfy one's self, become satiated or satisfied, be pleased with (genitive case instrumental case,or rarely locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' nāgnis tṛpyati kāṣṭhānām-,"fire is not satisfied with wood" ; /atṛpyan brāhmaṇ/ā dh/anaiḥ-,"the brahman-s were pleased with wealth" ) etc. ; to enjoy (with ablative) ; to satisfy, please : cl.1. tarpati-, to kindle : Causal tarpayati-, rarely te- (imperfect tense atarpayat- etc.; parasmE-pada tarp/ayat- ; Aorist atītṛpat- ; /atītṛpāma- ; infinitive mood t/arpayitav/ai- ) to satiate, satisfy, refresh, gladden etc. ; A1. to become satiated or satisfied ; to kindle : Desiderative (subjunctive t/itṛpsāt-) to wish to enjoy : Causal Desiderative (Potential titarpayiṣet-) to wish to satiate or refresh or satisfy : Intensive tarītṛpyate-, tarītarpti-, trapti- ; ([ see tṛph-;.])  |
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tṛṣ | cl.4. ṣyati- (parasmE-pada t/ṛṣyat- A1. ṣāṇ/a- perfect tense tātṛṣāṇ/a- [ tat-, ];3. plural tātṛṣ/ur-, ; Aorist subjunctive tṛṣat- ; ind.p. ṣṭv/ā-, ; ṣitvā-and tarṣitvā- ) to be thirsty, thirst, thirst for : Causal (Aorist 1. plural atītṛṣāma-) to cause to thirst, ; ([ confer, compare Gothic thars,thaursus;]) 2.  |
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tuvīravas | Nominal verb vān- (see ) equals vi-ṣvaṇ/as-  |
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tvakṣ | (= takṣ-and related to 2. tv/ac-) cl.1. kṣati-, to create, produce ; to pare ; to skin ; to cover ; ([ confer, compare pra-tvakṣāṇ/a-; Zend thwakhsh,, .])  |
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tviṣ | (cl.1. tveṣati-, te- ; Aorist atvikṣat-[ see ] ; plural /atviṣur-, ṣanta-, /atitviṣanta-; perfect tense titviṣ/e-, parasmE-pada ṣāṇ/a-) A1. to be violently agitated or moved or excited or troubled ; (P.) ; P. A1. to excite, instigate ; to shine, glitter, (pr. p. tviṣyat-) ; see ava--.  |
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udvṛṣ | A1. (imperative 2. sg. -vāvṛṣasva- ; parasmE-pada -vāvṛṣāṇ/a- ) to pour out, distribute plentifully.  |
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upacaraṇa | n. approach. See sūpacaraṇ/a-.  |
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upakaraṇavat | (upakaraṇ/a-) mfn. furnished with means or instruments or implements, competent to do anything  |
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upasmi | A1. (perfect tense parasmE-pada -siṣmiyāṇ/a-) to smile upon  |
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upaśri | P. -śrayati-, to lean (anything) against : A1. -śrayate- (p. of the perfect tense -śiśriyāṇ/a-) to lean against, support, prop ; to cling to, fit closely (as an ornament) ; to place one's self near to, go towards ; to accommodate one's self to  |
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vāṇa | m. music (especially of flutes, harps etc.) (here written bāṇ/a-)  |
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vapra | n. lead (see var/ahra-).  |
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varaśikha | (var/a--) m. Name of an asura- whose family was destroyed by indra-  |
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viṣṭārapaṅkti | f. (ṭār/a--) a particular form of paṅkti- metre (consisting of 8 x 12 x 12 x 8 syllables)  |
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vṛ | cl.5.9.1. P. A1. ( ) vṛṇ/oti-, vṛṇut/e- ; vṛnāti-, vriṇīte- ; v/arati-, v/arate- (mostly cl.5. and with the preposition apa-or vi-;of cl.9. only avṛṇīdhvam- ; cl.1. only in [ confer, compare also ūrṇu-]; perfect tense vav/āra-, vavr/e- etc. etc. [2. sg. vav/artha- ; vavaritha-, vavṛma-etc. grammar; parasmE-pada vavriv/as- genitive case vavavr/uṣas- ]; Aorist /avar-or /āvar-, avṛta- [1. sg. vam-,2. dual number vartam-,3. plural avran-, parasmE-pada A1. vrāṇ/a- q.v imperative vṛdhi- ]; avārīt- ; avarīṣṭa- grammar; subjunctive varṣathas- ; Potential vriyāt-, vūryāt-, variṣīṣṭa- grammar; future varītā-, varīṣyati- ; infinitive mood vartum- , varitum- , varītum- ; ind.p. vṛtv/ā- ; vṛlv/ī- ; vṛtv/āya- ; -v/ṛtya- ), to cover, screen, veil, conceal, hide, surround, obstruct etc. ; to close (a door) ; to ward off, check, keep back, prevent, hinder, restrain : Passive voice vriyate- (Aorist /avāri-), to be covered or surrounded or obstructed or hindered : Causal vār/ayati-, te- (Aorist avīvarat-, /avīvarata- ; /avāvarīt- ; Passive voice vāryate- etc.) , to cover, conceal, hide, keep back, hold captive etc. ; to stop, check, restrain, suppress, hinder, prevent from (ablative or infinitive mood;rarely two accusative) etc. ; to exclude ; to prohibit, forbid ; to withhold etc.: Desiderative of Causal vivārayiṣate- : Desiderative vivarīṣati-, vuvūrṣati-, te- grammar : Intensive vevrīyate-, vovūryate-, varvarti- [ confer, compare Gothic warjan; German wehren,Wehr; English weir.] |
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vṛ | cl.5.9. P. A1. ( ) vṛṇoti-, vṛṇute- ; vṛṇ/āti-, (mostly) vṛṇīt/e- (in also v/aras-, rat-, ranta-,but these may be subjunctive Aorist; perfect tense vavāra- ; vavre- [2. sg. vavṛṣ/e-,1. plural vavṛm/ahe-]etc.; Aorist avri-, avṛta- [ Potential vurīta-, parasmE-pada urāṇ/a-]etc.; avṛṣi-, ṣata- [2. plural avṛḍhvam-] ; avarīṣṭa- grammar; preceding variṣīṣṭa- ; future varītā- ; variṣyate- ; varīṣyate- grammar; infinitive mood varītum- ; varitum- grammar; ind.p. varitvā-or vṛtvā- etc.; varītvā- grammar), to choose, select, choose for one's self, choose as (-arthe-or accusative of Persian) or for (-artham-or dative case, locative case instrumental case of thing) etc. ; to choose in marriage, woo etc. ; to ask a person (accusative) for (accusative) or on behalf of (kṛte-) ; to solicit anything (accusative) from (ablative or -tas-), ; to ask or request that (Potential with or without iti-) ; to like better than, prefer to (ablative,rarely instrumental case) ; to like, love (as opp. to"hate") ; to choose or pick out a person (for a boon), grant (a boon) to (accusative) : Causal ( ) varayati-, te- (Epic also vārayati-; Passive voice vary/ate- ) ; to choose, choose for one's self, choose as (accusative of Persian) or for (-artham- dative case or locative case of thing) , ask or sue for (accusative) or on behalf of (dative case or -arthe-), choose as a wife (accusative with or without patnīm-, dārān-,or patny-artham-) etc. ; to like, love well [ confer, compare Latin velle; Slavonic or Slavonian voliti; Got.wiljian; German wollan,wollen,Wahl,wohl; Anglo-Saxon willan; English will.]  |
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vṛṣ | cl.1 P. ( ) v/arṣati- (Epic also A1. varṣate-and Vedic or Veda vṛṣate-; perfect tense vavarṣa-, vavṛṣe- etc.;3. plural P. Epic vavṛṣus-,or vavarṣus-; parasmE-pada P. vavarṣv/as- ; A1. vāvṛṣāṇ/a- ; imperative vāvṛṣasva- ; Aorist /avarṣīt- etc.; future vraṣṭ/ā- ; varṣitā- grammar; varṣiṣyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood varṣitum- etc.; varṣṭos- ; ind.p. vṛṣṭvā- ; ṭv/ī- ; varṣitvā- grammar), to rain (either impersonal or used impersonally,or with parjanya-, indra-, the clouds etc., in Nominal verb) etc. ; to rain down, shower down, pour forth, effuse, shed (A1.="to bestow or distribute abundantly";also with instrumental case ="to rain upon, or overwhelm with" exempli gratia, 'for example' with arrows; v/arṣati-,"while it rains, during rain") ; to strike, hurt, vex, harass : Causal varṣ/ayati- (Aorist avīvṛṣat-or avavarṣat-), to cause to rain (parjanya- etc.) or to fall down as rain (flowers etc.) ; (without accusative) to cause or produce rain ; to rain upon (= overwhelm) with (a shower of arrows instrumental case) ; A1. to have manly power, have generative vigour : Desiderative vivarṣiṣati- grammar (see vivarṣiṣu-): Intensive varīvṛṣyate-, varīvarṣṭi- etc. [For cognates-See under varṣā-and 1. vṛṣa-.]  |
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vyadhvara | mfn. piercing, perforating, boring (as a worm) (see vy-advar/a-).  |
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vyadvara | m. (f(vy-/advarī-). ) a gnawing animal (see vyadhvar/a-).  |
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yata | n. restraint (?) See yataṃ-kar/a-  |
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yāvattarasam | ind. according to power or ability (y/āvat-tar/asam-).  |
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yayāvara | varia lectio for yāyāvar/a-.  |