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| abhidigdha | mfn. polished, glazed (in the fire, t/apasā-) id est sharp   |
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| abhipat | to fly near, hasten near ; to rush towards, assail ; to fall down upon (accusative) (Aorist abhy-/apapta-& abhy-/apaptat-), etc. ; to fall or come into (accusative) ; to fly through or over ; to overtake in flying : Caus. -pātayati-, to throw after with (instrumental case) ; to throw upon (dative case or locative case) ; to throw down ; to pass (time). |
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| abhisap | (3. plural A1. -s/apante-) to carry on, manage |
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| abhyapakram | -kram-, -krāmati-, to go away towards (accusative) ; (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. -/apakramīs-) to come up to |
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| āke | ind. locative case (fr. 2. añc-with ā- see /apāka-,etc.)"hitherward" , near , () |
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| āmahīyā | f. (scilicet ṛc-), Name of the verse /apāma s/omam- () |
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| ap | f. (in Vedic or Veda used in singular and plural,but in the classical language only in plural, /āpas-) water |
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| apacitimat | (/apaciti--) mfn. honoured |
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| apadham | (3. pl. -dhamanti- imperfect tense /apādhamat-2. sg. -adhamas-) to blow away or off |
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| apādya | mf(ā-)n. (or /apādya-?), Name of certain iṣṭi-s (performed with the cavana vaiśvasṛja-) |
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| apaguh | (subjunctive 2. sg. P. -gūhas- A1. -gūhathāś-; imperfect tense 3. plural /apāgūhan-; Aorist -aghu-kṣat-) to conceal, hide |
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| apahatapāpman | (/apahata--) mfn. having the evil warded off, free from evil |
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| apāk | and 1. /apāka- See /apāñc-. |
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| apākā | (an old instrumental case case of 1. /apāñc-) ind. far |
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| apākacakṣas | (/apāka--) mfn. shining far For a-pāka-2 See . |
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| apāktāt | (/apāk--) ([ ]) ind. from behind. |
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| apama | mfn. (fr. /apa-), the most distant, the last |
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| apapare | ( i-), (perf. 1. sg. /apa p/areto asmi-; /apa asmi-may also be taken by itself as fr. 1. apās-) to go off |
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| apapru | /apa-pravate-, Ved. to leap or jump down |
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| apār | ( apa-ṛ-), to open by removing anything (subjunctive A1.3. sg. /apa ṛṇut/a-), (3. plural /apa ṛṇvanti-) and (imperfect tense 2. sg. ṛṇ/or /apa-). |
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| apara | mf(ā-)n. (fr. /apa-), posterior, later, latter (opposed to p/ūrva-;often in compound) |
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| aparam | ind. (/aparam-[ ]or apar/am-[ ]) in future, for the future |
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| aparaspara | See 2. /apara-. |
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| aparedyus | See 2. /apara-. |
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| aparimitavidha | (/aparimita--) mfn. indefinitely multiplied |
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| apaśiras | ([ ]) or apa-śīrṣa-, or /apa-śīrṣan- ([ ]) mfn. headless. |
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| apatya | n. (fr. /apa-), offspring, child, descendant |
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| apatyavat | (/apatya--) mfn. possessed of offspring |
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| apavic | cl.7. -vinakti- (imperfect tense /apāvinak-) to single out from, select ; cl.3. -vevekti- idem or 'n. freedom from obstruction ' |
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| apavṛ | (imperfect tense 2. sg. /apāvṛṇos-,3. sg. /apāvṛṇot-; subjunctive -varat-; Aorist 2. and 3. sg. -āvar-[ -avar-],3. sg. A1. -avṛta-; Aorist subjunctive 1. sg. -vam-[for varm- ], 3. sg. -var-,3. plural -vran-,Imper. 2. sg. [in ]once /apa vṛdhi-and five times /apā vṛdhi-[ see apā--1. vṛ-and /apā-vṛta-]; perf. 2. sg. -vav/artha-,3. sg. -vavāra-) to open, uncover, exhibit ; (ind.p. -vṛtya-) ; (see apā--1 vṛ-): Causal -vārayati-,"to hide, conceal" See apa-vārita-. |
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| apavṛj | A1. -vriṅkte- (Imper. 2 . sg. -vṛṅkṣva-; subjunctive 1. sg. -vṛṇ/ajai-; Aorist P. 3. sg. /apāvṛk-) to turn off, drive off ; to tear off ; (with /adhvānam-) carpere viam ([ ]) ; to leave off, determine, fulfil etc.: Causal -varjayati-, to quit, get rid of ; to sever, turn off from to transmit, bestow, grant |
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| ape | ( i-) P. A1. apaiti-, /apāyati- (imperfect tense A1. /apāyata- ) to go away, withdraw, retire, run away, escape ; to vanish, disappear. |
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| apeṣ | ( īṣ-), (Aorist 3. sg. /apa /aiyeḥ-) to withdraw from (ablative) |
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| aporṇu | ( ūrṇu-), /apa ūrṇoti-, /aporṇute-, once aporṇauti- ([ ]), to uncover, unveil, open : A1. to uncover one's self. |
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| ārap | P. (parasmE-pada -r/apat-) to whisper towards |
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| asmāka | mfn. (fr. asma-+ añc-? see /apāka-etc.) our, ours (see āsmāk/a-.) |
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| ātap | -t/apati- (imperative -tapatu-;See ā-t/apat-and ā-t/apas- ss.vv.) to radiate heat : Passive voice (parasmE-pada -tapyamāna-) to suffer pain, be afflicted ; (with tapas-) to inflict (austerities) upon one's self |
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| ātapat | mfn. (pr.p.) shining (as the sun) locative case ā-t/apati-, while the sun is shining |
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| cakṣas | m. "teacher of the gods", bṛhaspati- (see /apāka--, īya--, upāk/a--, ghor/a--, viśv/a--, s/ūra--, sv/ar--; uru--, duś--, nṛ--and su-c/akṣ-.) |
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| cana | ind. (ca n/a- ) and not, also not, even not, not even (this particle is placed after the word to which it gives force;a preceding verb is accentuated[ ];in Vedic language it is generally, but not always, found without any other negative particle, whereas in the later language another negative is usually added exempli gratia, 'for example' /āpaś can/apr/a minanti vrat/aṃ vāṃ-,"not even the waters violate your ordinance" ; n/āha vivyāca pṛthiv/ī can/āinaṃ-,"the earth even does not contain him", iii, 36, 4;in class. Sanskrit it is only used after the interrogatives k/a-, katar/a-, katam/a-, katham-, k/ad-, kad/ā-, kim-, k/utas-, kva-,making them indefinite) etc. also |
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| ci | cl.1. c/ayate- (parasmE-pada c/ayamāna-) to detest, hate () ; to revenge, punish, take vengeance on (accusative), ; ([ see /apaciti-, kāti-;, , .]) |
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| jajhjhatī | f. plural (scilicet /āpas-) splashing or rushing waters () |
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| jap | cl.1. j/apati- (rarely A1. ; perfect tense jajāpa-; 3. du. jepatur- ; infinitive mood japitum- ; ind.p. ptvā- ; pitvā- ) to utter in a low voice, whisper, mutter (especially prayers or incantations) etc. ; to pray to any one (accusative) in a low voice ; to invoke or call upon in a low voice : Intensive jañjapyate-, pīti- (; parasmE-pada py/amāna-) to whisper repeatedly (implying blame, ) |
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| ketasap | m(Nominal verb plural -s/āpas-)fn. obeying the will (of another), obedient ["touching the sky" ], . |
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| kṣap | cl.1 P. A1. kṣapati-, te- (pr. p. kṣ/apamāṇa-; infinitive mood kṣapitum- ), to be abstinent, fast, do penance etc. ; (for kṣip- ) |
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| manu | m. "the thinking creature(?)", man, mankind (also as opp. to evil spirits ;the ṛbhu-s are called manor n/apātaḥ-,the sons of man, ) |
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| mih | f. mist, fog, downpour of water (also plural; mih/o n/apāt-,the demon of the mist) |
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| mlukta | See /apa-mlukta-. |
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| narya | n. a manly or heroic deed (with or scilicet /apas-). |
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| pāpa | mf(ī-older than ā-; see ) ( also p/āpa-) n. bad, vicious, wicked, evil, wretched, vile, low etc. |
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| pāpaya | Nom. A1. (only p/āpayiṣṭa-), to suffer a person to fall into misery on account of (ablative) |
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| prajāpatihṛdaya | n. " prajā-pati-'s heart", Name of a sāman- (also praj/āpater-h/ṛd- ) |
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| prāñc | mfn. turned eastward, eastern, easterly (opp. to /apāc-,western) etc. |
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| rap | (see lap-) cl.1 P. () r/apati- (perfect tense rarāpa-etc. grammar), to talk, chatter, whisper : Intensive rārapīti- idem or 'mf(ikā-)n. equals randhra-, in bahurandhrikā- q.v ' |
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| śap | cl.1.4. P. A1. () śapati-, te- or śapyati-, te- (the latter only in ; perfect tense śaś/āpa-, śep/e- Aorist aśāpsīt-, aśapta- grammar [2. plural śāpta-in prob. wrong reading ]; future śaptā- ; śapsyati-, te- ; śapiṣye- ; infinitive mood śaptum-or śapitum- ; ind.p. śapitvā- ; śaptvā- grammar), to curse (mostly P.with accusative;in A1.with dative case) etc. ; (P. A1.) to swear an oath, utter an execration (sometimes with śapatham-or thān-;also with anṛtam-,to swear a false oath) etc. ; (P. A1.) to revile, scold, blame (accusative,rarely dative case) ; (A1.; mc. also P.) to curse one's self (followed by yadi-,"if", i.e. to promise with an oath, vow or swear,"that one will not"etc.;or followed by dative case and rarely accusative of the person to whom and instrumental case of the object by which one swears;or followed by iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' varuṇeti-,"to swear by the name of varuṇa-" ) etc. ; (A1.) to adjure, supplicate, conjure any one (accusative) by (instrumental case) : Causal śāpayati- (Aorist aśīśapat-), to adjure, conjure, exorcise (demons) ; to cause any one (accusative) to swear by (instrumental case) (see śāpita-): Desiderative śiśapsati-, te- grammar : Intensive śāśapyate-, śāśapti-, or śaṃśpyate-, śaṃśapti- |
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| spardh | (or spṛdh-; see spṛh-) cl.1 A1. () sp/ardhate- (mc. also P. ti-;Subj.[ pr/a-] -spūrdh/an- ; perfect tense paspṛdh/e-, dhān/a-, /apaspṛdhethām- ; paspardha- etc.; Aorist aspṛdhran-, spṛdhānd- : aspardhiṣṭa- grammar; future spardhitā-, spardhiṣyate- ; infinitive mood sp/ardhitum- ; spūrdh/ase- ; ind.p. -sp/ṛdhya- ), to emulate, compete, rival, vie or cope with (instrumental case with and without saha-,or accusative), contend or struggle for (locative case) etc. etc.: Causal spardhayati- grammar : Desiderative pispardhiṣate- : Intensive pāspardhyate-, pāsparddhi- (apāspāḥ- ) |
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| śrapa | See su-śr/apa-. |
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| śrapaṇī | f. See vapā-śr/apaṇī-. |
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| sthā | cl.1 P. A1. () t/iṣṭhati-, te- (perfect tense tasth/au-, tasthe- etc.; Aorist /asthāt-, /asthita- ;3. plural asthiran- ; āsthat-[?] ; asthiṣi-, ṣata- etc.; subjunctive sthāti-, sth/āthaḥ- ; preceding stheyāt- ; stheṣam-, ṣuḥ-[?] ; sthāsīṣṭa- grammar; future sthātā- etc.; sthāsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood sth/ātum- ; tos- ; -sthitum- ; ind.p. sthitvā- etc.; -sth/āya- etc.; -sthāyam- ), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on (with pādābhyām-,"to stand on the feet";with jānubhyām-,"to kneel";with agre-or agratas-and genitive case,"to stand or present one's self before";with puras-and with or without genitive case,"to stand up against an enemy etc.") etc. ; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (exempli gratia, 'for example' with kanyā-,"to remain a girl or unmarried";with tūṣṇīm-or with maunena- instrumental case"to remain silent";with sukham-,"to continue or feel well") etc. ; to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with locative case; exempli gratia, 'for example' with rājye-,"to continue governing";with śāsane-,"to practise obedience";with bale-,"to exercise power";with sva-dharme-,"to do one's duty";with sva-karmaṇi-,"to keep to one's own business";with saṃśaye-,"to persist in doubting";also with ind.p. exempli gratia, 'for example' dharmam āśritya-,"to practise virtue") etc. ; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to"perish"), endure, last etc. ; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand etc. ; to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dative case genitive case,or locative case) etc. ; (A1. mc. also P. confer, compare ) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (locative case or dative case) etc. ; to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (See under sthitvā-below) etc. ; to behave or conduct one's self (with samam-,"to behave equally towards any one" locative case) ; to be directed to or fixed on (locative case) ; to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (locative case) ; to rely on, confide in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' mayi sthitvā-,"confiding in me") ; to stay at, resort to (accusative) ; to arise from (ablative or genitive case) ; to desist or cease from (ablative) ; to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only imperative and Potential) : Passive voice sthīyate- (Aorist asthāyi-), to be stood etc. (frequently used impersonal or used impersonally exempli gratia, 'for example' mayā sthīyatām-,"let it be abided by me" id est"I must abide") etc. etc.: Causal sthāpayati-, te- (Aorist /atiṣṭhipat-; ind.p. sthāpayitvā-[ q.v ] and -sth/āpam-: Passive voice sthāpyate-), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute etc. ; to set up, erect, raise, build ; to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm etc. ; to prop up, support, maintain ; to affirm, assent ; to appoint (to any office locative case) etc. ; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two accusative;with dhātrīm-,"to employ any one as a nurse";with rakṣārtham-,"to appoint any one as guardian";with sajjam-,"to make anything ready";with su-rakṣitam-,"to keep anything well guarded";with svīkṛtya-,"to make anything one's own";with pariśeṣam-,"to leave anything over or remaining") etc. ; to fix, settle, determine, resolve etc. ; to fix in or on, lead or bring into, direct or turn towards (locative case,rarely accusative;with hṛdi-,"to impress on the heart";with manas-,"to fix the mind on") etc. ; to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (locative case exempli gratia, 'for example' with naye-,"to instruct in a plan or system") ; to make over or deliver up to (locative case or haste-with genitive case,"into the hands of") ; to give in marriage ; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain (with baddhvā-,"to keep bound or imprisoned") etc. ; to place aside, keep, save, preserve : Desiderative of Causal -sthāpayiṣati- (See saṃ-sthā-): Desiderative t/iṣṭhāsati-, to wish to stand etc. : Intensive teṣṭhīyate- ; tāstheti-, tāsthāti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin stare; Lithuanian sto4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian stati; German sta7n,stehen; English stand.]) |
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| svap | cl.2 P. () svapiti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also sv/apati-, te-; imperative sv/aptu- ; Potential svapīta- ; perfect tense suṣvāpa-[3. plural suṣupuḥ-; parasmE-pada suṣupv/as-and suṣupāṇ/a-,qq.vv.] etc.; Aorist asvāpsīt-; preceding supyāt- future svaptā- ; svapiṣyati- ; te- ; svapsyati- etc.; te- etc.; infinitive mood svaptum- etc.; ind.p. suptv/ā- etc., -sv/āpam- ), to sleep, fall asleep (with varṣa-śatam-,"to sleep for a hundred years, sleep the eternal sleep") etc. ; to lie down, recline upon (locative case) etc. ; to be dead ; Passive voice supyate- (Aorist asvāpi-) etc. ; Causal svāp/ayati-, or (mc.) svapayati- (Aorist asūṣupat-;in also siṣvapaḥ-, s/iṣvap-; Passive voice svāpyate-), to cause to sleep, lull to rest ; to kill : Desiderative of Causal suṣvāpayiṣati- grammar : Desiderative suṣupsati-, to wish to sleep : Intensive soṣupyate-, sāsvapīti-, sāsvapti-, soṣupīti-, soṣopti- grammar ([ confer, compare Greek ; Latin somnusforsop-nus,sopor,sopire; Slavonic or Slavonian su8pati; Lithuanian sa4pnas; Anglo-Saxon swefan,"to sleep."]) |
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| tanūnapa | n. (derived fr. -n/apāt-taken as -napād-,"eating tanūnapa-") ghee |
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| tanūnapātvat | mfn. containing the word t/anū-n/apāt- |
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| tap | cl.1. t/apati- (rarely A1.; subjunctive pāti- ; parasmE-pada t/apat- etc.; cl.4. parasmE-pada t/apyat- ; perfect tense 1. sg. tat/apa- ;3. sg. t/āpa-, ; parasmE-pada tepān/a- ; future tapsy/ati- etc.: te-& tapiṣyati- ) to give out heat, be hot, shine (as the sun) etc. ; to make hot or warm, heat, shine upon ; to consume or destroy by heat ; to suffer pain ; (with paścāt-) to repent of ; to torment one's self, undergo self-mortification, practise austerity (tapas-) etc. ; to cause pain to, injure, damage, spoil Passive voice or cl.4 A1. tapy/ate- (;or t/apy- ; parasmE-pada py/amāna- ; t/apy-, ; confer, compare /a--; Aorist atāpi- ; atapta- ; perfect tense tepe- etc.; parasmE-pada pān/a- ;also P. tapyati-, pyet-, atapyat-,etc. ) to be heated or burnt, become hot etc. ; to be purified by austerities (as the soul) ; to suffer or feel pain etc. ; to suffer pain voluntarily, undergo austerity (tapas-) etc.: Causal tāpayati-, te- (parasmE-pada p/ayat- ; Passive voice pyate- etc.; Aorist atītape-& [Subj.] tat/apate- ) to make warm or hot, etc. ; to consume by heat etc. ; to cause pain, trouble, distress etc. ; to torment one's self, undergo penance, : Intensive (parasmE-pada tātapyamāna-) to feel violent pain, be in great anxiety ([ confer, compare Latin tepeoetc.]) |
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| tāpasa | mfn. (gaRa chattrādi- ) a practiser of religious austerities (t/apas-) |
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| tapasya | mf(ā-)n. (fr. t/apas-) produced by heat |
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| tūla | n. see /apa--, indra--, udak--, prāk--, bhasma--, śaṇa--, sa--, haṃsa-- |
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| tvaṣṭṛ | m. "creator of living beings", the heavenly builder, Name of a god (called su-k/ṛt-, -pāṇ/i-, -g/abhasti-, -j/animan-, sv-/apas-, ap/asām ap/astama-, viśv/a-rūpa-etc. ;maker of divine implements, especially of indra-'s thunderbolt and teacher of the ṛbhu-s ;former of the bodies of men and animals, hence called"firstborn"and invoked for the sake of offspring, especially in the āprī- hymns etc. ;associated with the similar deities dhātṛ-, savitṛ-, prajā-pati-, pūṣan-, and surrounded by divine females[ gn/ās-, jan/ayas-, dev/ānām p/atnīs-; see tv/aṣṭā-v/arūtrī-]recipients of his generative energy ;supposed author of with the epithet garbha-pati- ;father of saraṇyū- [ su-reṇu- ; sva-reṇu- ]whose double twin-children by vivasvat- [or vāyu- ? ] are yamayamī- and the aśvin-s ;also father of tri-śiras- or viśvarūpa- ;overpowered by indra- who recovers the soma-[ ] concealed by him because indra- had killed his son viśva-rūpa- ;regent of the nakṣatra- citrā- ;of the 5th cycle of Jupiter ;of an eclipse ; tvaṣṭur ātithya-Name of a sāman- ) |
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| udvai | P. -v/āyati- (Aorist -avāsīt- ) to become weak or languish, faint, be extinguished, go out (as fire), die : Causal -v/āpayati-, to cause to extinguish or go out |
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| udvap | P. -v/apati-, (perfect tense 2. dual number -ūp/athus-and -ūpathus- ) to pour out, take out ; to scrape, dig up ; to throw away, destroy, annul : Causal -vāpayati-, to cause to pour out or away ; to cause to dig up |
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| upatap | P. -tapati- (parasmE-pada -t/apat-See column 3) to make warm, heat ; to afflict (as an illness;with genitive case or accusative of the afflicted person) ; to feel pain, become sick : Passive voice -tapyate-, to be made warm or heated ; (with tapas-) to undergo bodily mortification ; to be afflicted with pain, be tormented, feel pain, become ill etc.: Causal -tāpayati- (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. -tītapāsi- ) to ignite, burn, consume ; to cause pain, mortify, torment, hurt, oppress commentator or commentary on |
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| vap | cl.1 P. A1. v/apati-, te- (only present tense stem and ind.p. uplvā-, -upya-), to shear, shave (A1."one's self") , cut off ; to crop (herbage), mow, cut (grass), graze : Causal vāpayati-, te- (Potential vāpayīta- ), to cause (A1."one's self") to be shorn |
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| vap | cl.1 P. A1. () v/apati-, te- (Potential upet- ; perfect tense uvāpa-, ūp/uḥ-; ūpe- etc.; vavāpa- ; -vepe- on ; Aorist avāpsīt- etc.; avapta- grammar; Potential upyāt- ; future vaptā- ; vapsy/ati- ; vapiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood vaptum- grammar; ind.p. uptvā- ; -/upya- etc.), to strew, scatter (especially seed) , sow, bestrew etc. ; to throw, cast (dice) ; to procreate, beget (See vapus-and 2. vaptṛ-) ; to throw or heap up, dam up : Passive voice upy/ate- (Aorist vāpi- ), to be strewn or sown etc. etc.: Causal vāpayati- (Aorist avlvapat- grammar) to sow, plant, put in the ground : Desiderative vivapsati-, te- grammar : Intensive vāvapyate-, vāvapti- |
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| vārṣika | mf(ī-)n. belonging to the rainy-season, rainy etc. etc. (with /āpas- f. plural rain-water, with dhanus- n.a rainbow) |
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| vilāpana | mf(ī-)n. melting, liquefying (See ājaya-vil/āpanī-) |
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